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Sacubitril

August 13, 2015 7:00 am / Leave a comment

Sacubitril, AHU 377

NEPRILYSIN INHIBITOR

FOR HEART FAILURE

CAS 149709-62-6

CAS SODIUM SALT 149690-05-1

(2R,4S)-5-(biphenyl-4-yl)-4-((3-carboxypropionyl)amino)-2-methylpentanoic acid ethyl ester

5-(Biphenyl-4-yl)-4(S)-(3-carboxypropionamido)-2(R)-methylbutyric acid ethyl ester

N-(3-carboxy-1-oxopropyl)-(4S)-(p-phenylphenylmethyl)-4-amino-2R-methyl butanoic acid ethyl ester

[1,1′-Biphenyl]-4-pentanoic acid, γ-[(3-carboxy-1-oxopropyl)amino]-α-methyl-, α-ethyl ester, (αR,γS)-

[1,1′-Biphenyl]-4-pentanoic acid, γ-[(3-carboxy-1-oxopropyl)amino]-α-methyl-, ethyl ester, [S-(R*,S*)]-
(2R,4S)-4-[(3-Carboxy-1-oxopropyl)amino]-4-[(p-phenylphenyl)methyl]-2-methylbutanoic acid ethyl ester
(2R,4S)-5-(Biphenyl-4-yl)-4-[(3-carboxypropionyl)amino]-2-methylpentanoic acid ethyl ester
Formula C₂₄H₂₉N O₅

MW 411.49 g/mol

Formula	C₂₄H₂₉N O₅
MW	411.49 g/mol

AHU377; AHU-377; Sacubitril; 149709-62-6; UNII-17ERJ0MKGI; Alpha-ethyl (alphaR,gammaS)-gamma-<(3-carboxy-1-oxopropyl)amino>-alpha-methyl<1,1′-biphenyl>-4-pentanoate

Sacubitril sodium
149690-05-1

2D chemical structure of 149690-05-1

Sacubitril is an antihypertensive drug used in combination with valsartan. The combination drug, valsartan/sacubitril, known during trials as LCZ696 and marketed under the brand name, Entresto, is a treatment for heart failure.^[1] It was approved under the FDA’spriority review process for use in heart failure on July 7, 2015.

Mechanism of action

Sacubitril is a prodrug that is activated to LBQ657 by de-ethylation via esterases.^[2] LBQ657 inhibits the enzyme neprilysin,^[3] which is responsible for the degradation of atrial and brain natriuretic peptide, two blood pressure lowering peptides that work mainly by reducing blood volume.^[4]

SYNTHESIS

CLICK ON IMAGE FOR CLEAR VIEW

SYNTHESIS

WO-2008031567

http://www.google.com/patents/WO2008031567A1?cl=en

the following steps:

and optionally the following additional steps:

Example 1 :

(E)-(R)-5-biphenyl-4-yl-4-fert-butoxycarbonylamino-2-methylpent-2-enoic acid

(E)-(R)-5-Biphenyl-4-yl-4-tert-butoxycarbonylamino-2-methylpent-2-enoic acid ethyl ester (CAS# 149709-59-1) is hydrolysed using lithium hydroxide in ethanol to yield (£)-(f?)-5-biphenyl-4-yl-4-te/t-butoxycarbonylamino-2-methylpent-2-enoic acid as a white solid. δ_H (400 MHz; DMSO) 1.31 (9H₁ s, (CH₃J₃), 1.59 (3H, s, 1- CH₃), 2.68 (1H, dd, J 6.8, 13.2, 5-H_A), 2.86 (1H, m, 5-H_B), 4.44 (1H, m, 4-H), 6.51 (1H₁ d, J 9.2, 3-H), 7.16 (1H, d, J 8.0, NH), 7.26 (2H, d, J 8.0, Ar-ortho- H(Ph)), 7.31 (1H, t, J 7.6, Ar-(Ph)-para-H), 7.40 (2H, t, J 8.0, Ar-(Ph)-metø-H), 7.54 (2H, d, J 8.0, Ar-mefa-H(Ph), 7.60 (2H, d, J 7.6, Ar-(Ph)-ort/vo-H), 12.26 (1H, s, CO₂H); m/z (+ESI) 404 ([MNa]⁺, 17%), 382 ([MHf, 2), 326 (10), 264 (100), 167 (13).

Example 2:

(2/?,4S)-5-biphenyl-4-yl-4-fert-butoxycarbonylamino-2-methylpentanoic acid in crystalline form [2(i-a)]

2(i-a) To a suspension of (E)-(f?)-5-biphenyl-4-yl-4-te/t-butoxycarbonylamino-2- methylpent-2-enoic acid [2(ii-a)] (200 g, 524.3 mmol) in degassed ethanol (900 ml) at 40 °C a solution of diiodo(p-cymene)ruthenium(ll) dimer (0.052 g, 0.0524 mmol) and (αf?,αf?)-2,2^>-bis(α-Λ/,Λ/-dimethylaminophenylmethyl)-(S,S)- 1 ,1′-bis[di(3,5-dimethyl-4-methoxyphenyl)phosphine]ferrocene (= Mandyphos SL-M004-1) (0.116 g, 0.110 mmol) is added in degassed ethanol (100 ml). The solution is degassed using vacuum and a pressure of 20 bar hydrogen applied. The mixture is stirred at 40 ⁰C for 6 h. Vessel is then purged with nitrogen. Ethanol (700 ml) is removed by distillation, lsopropyl acetate (600 ml) is added. Solvent (600 ml) is removed by distillation, lsopropyl acetate (600 ml) is added. Solvent (600 ml) is removed by distillation, lsopropyl acetate (300 ml) is added and the solution is heated to reflux. Heptane fraction (1200 ml) is added and the mixture is cooled to room temperature. The solid is collected by filtration and washed with heptane fraction-isopropyl acetate 2 : 1 mixture (360 ml). The solid is dried overnight at 50 ⁰C under 1-50 mbar vacuum to afford the title compound as a white/off-white solid [Ratio 2(i-a) : 2(i-b) 99 : 1, as determined by HPLC analysis]. Mpt 146-147 ⁰C; δ_H (500 MHz; DMSO) 1.07 (3H₁ d, J 7.0, 1-CH₃), 1.34 (9H, s, (CH₃)₃), 1-38 (1H, m, 3-H_A), 1.77 (1H, m, 3-H_B), 2.43 (1H, m, 2-H), 2.70 (2H, d, J 7.0, 5-H)₁ 3.69 (1 H, m, 4-H), 6.74 (1 H, d, J 9.0, NH)₁ 7.27 (2H, d, J 8.0, Ar-ortA;o-H(Ph)), 7.36 (1H, t, J 7.0, Ar-(Ph)-para-H), 7.46 (2H, t, J 7.5, Ar-(Ph)- meta-H), 7.57 (2H, d, J 8.0, Ar-mefa-H(Ph), 7.64 (2H, d, J 7.5, Ar-(Ph)-orfΛo-H), 12.01 (1H, s, CO₂H); δ_c (500 MHz, DMSO) 18.1 (1-CH₃), 28.3 [(CH₃)₃], 35.9 (2- C), 37.9 (3-C), 40.7 (5-C), 50.0 (4-C), 77.4 [(C(CH₃)₃], 126.3, 126.5, 127.2, 128.9, 129.8 (Ar-CH), 137.7 (Ar-/pso-C(Ph)), 138.3 (Ar-para-C(Ph)), 140.1 (Ar- (Ph)-/pso-C), 155.2 (NCO), 177.2 (CO₂H); mlz (+ESI) 406 ([MNa]⁺, 6%), 384 ([MH]⁺, 31 ), 328 (100), 284 (19); Found: [MH]⁺, 384.21691. C₂₃H₃₀NO₄ requires MH 384.21693

PATENT

http://www.google.com/patents/EP0555175A1

Example 1….THE SODIUM SALT

To a solution of N-(3-carbo(t)butoxy-1-oxopropyl)-(4S)-(p-phenylphenylmethyl)-4-amino-2R-methylbutanoic acid ethyl ester (0.80 g) in 15 ml of CH₂CI₂ at room temperature are added 3 ml of trifluoroacetic acid. The mixture is stirred overnight and concentrated. The residue is dissolved in tetrahydrofuran (THF), and 6.5 ml of 1 N NaOH is added. The mixture is concentrated and triturated with ether. The solid can be recrystallized from methylene chloride-hexane to give sodium N-(3-carboxy-1-oxopropyl)-(4S)-(p-phenylphenylmethyl)-4-amino-2R-methyl butanoic acid ethyl ester melting at 159-160°C; [a]D20 = – 11.4° (methanol).

SODIUM SALT

The starting material is prepared as follows:

A solution of a-t-BOC-(R)-tyrosine methyl ester (5.9 g, 20 mmol) and pyridine (8 mL, 100 mmol) in methylene chloride (30 mL) is cooled to 0-5°C. Trifluoromethanesulfonic anhydride (4 mL, 23 mmol) is added at 0-5°C, and the resulting mixture is held for another 30 minutes. The reaction mixture is diluted with water (60 mL) and methylene chloride (100 mL), and washed sequentially with 0.5 N sodium hydroxide solution (1 x 50 mL), water (1 x 60 mL), 10% citric acid solution (2 x 75 mL) and water (1 x 60 mL). The organic phase is dried over MgS0₄ and concentrated to an oil. The oil is purified by column chromatography (silica gel, hexane/ethyl acetate, 2:1 to give methyl(R)-2-(t-butoxycarbonylamino)-3-[4-(trifluoromethylsulfonyloxy)phenyl]-propionate which crystallizes on standing; m.p. 46-48°C; [a]²⁰ _D-36.01⁰ (c=1, CHCI₃).

Nitrogen is passed through a suspension of (R)-2-(t-butoxycarbonylamino)-3-[4-(trifluoromethylsulfonyloxy)-phenyl]-propionate (1.75mmol), phenylboronic acid (3.5 mmol), anhydrous potassium carbonate (2.63 mmol) and toluene (17 mL) for 15 minutes. Tetrakis(triphenyiphosphine)paiiadium(0) is added, and the mixture is heated at 85-90° for 3 hours. The reaction mixture is cooled to 25°C, diluted with ethyl acetate (17 mL) and washed sequentially with saturated sodium bicarbonate (1 x 20 mL), water (1 x 20 mL), 10% citric acid (1 x 20 mL), water (1 x 20 mL) and saturated sodium chloride solution (1 x 20 mL). The organic phase is concentrated, and the residue is purified by column chromatography (silica gel, hexane/ethyl acetate 2:1) to yield methyl (R)-2-(t-butoxycarbonylamino)-3-(p-phenylphenyl)-propionate which can also be called N-(R)-t-butoxycarbonyl-(p-phenylphenyl)-alanine methyl ester.

To a solution of N-(R)-t-butoxycarbonyl-(p-phenylphenyl)-alanine methyl ester (6.8 g) in 60 ml of THF and 20 ml of methanol are added 20 ml of aqueous 1 N sodium hydroxide solution. The mixture is stirred for 1 h at room temperature and then acidified with 21 ml of 1 N hydrochloric acid. The aqueous solution is extracted 3x with ethyl acetate. The combined organic extracts are dried (MgS0₄), filtered and concentrated to give N-(R)-t-butoxycarbonyl-(p-phenylphenyl)-alanine, m.p. 98-99°C; [a]²°_D -18.59° (c=1, methanol).

To a solution of N-(R)-t-butoxycarbonyl-(p-phenylphenyl)-alanine (4.8 g) in 70 ml of methylene chloride (CH₂CI₂) at 0°C with 1.65 g of N,O-dimethylhydroxylamine HCI, 1.7 g of triethylamine and 2.85 g of hydroxybenzotriazole are added 5.37 g of 1-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-3-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride. The mixture is stirred 17 h at room temperature. The mixture is concentrated taken up in ethyl acetate (EtOAc) and washed with saturated sodium bicarbonate, 1N HCI and brine, then dried (MgS0₄), filtered and concentrated to give N-(R)-t-butoxycarbonyl-(p-phenylphenyl)-alanine N,O-dimethyl hydroxylamine amide.

To a 0°C solution of N-(R)-t-butoxycarbonyl-(p-phenylphenyl)-alanine N,O-dimethyl hydroxylamine amide (5.2 g) in 250 ml of diethyl ether are added 0.64 g of lithium aluminum hydride. The reaction is stirred for 30 min. and quenched with aqueous potassium hydrogen sulfate. The mixture is stirred for additional 5 min., poured onto 1N HCI, extracted (3x) with EtOAc, dried (MgS0₄), filtered, and concentrated to give N-(R)-4-t-butoxycarbonyl-(p-phenylphenyl)-alanine carboxaldehyde as a colorless oil.

To a 0°C solution of N-(R)-t-butoxycarbonyl-(p-phenylphenyl)-alanine carboxaldehyde (4.4 g) in 200 ml of CH₂CI₂are added 10 g of carboethoxyethylidene phenyl phosphorane. The mixture is warmed to room temperature, stirred for 1 h, washed with brine, dried (MgS0₄), filtered and concentrated. The residue is chromatographed on silica gel eluting with (1:2) ether:hexane to give N-t-butoxycarbonyl-(4R)-(p-phenylphenylme- thyl)-4-amino-2-methyl-2-butenoic acid ethyl ester.

A solution of N-t-butoxycarbonyl-(4R)-(p-phenylphenylmethyl)-4-amino-2-methyl-2-butenoic acid ethyl ester (4.2 g) in 400 ml of ethanol is suspended with 2.0 g of 5% palladium on charcoal and then is hydrogenated at 50 psi for 6h. The catalyst is removed by filtration and the filtrate is concentrated to give N-t-butoxycarbonyl(4S)-(p-phenylphenylmethyl)-4-amino-2-methylbutanoic acid ethyl ester as a 80:20 mixture of diastereomers.

To the N-t-butoxycarbonyl(4S)-(p-phenylphenylmethyl)-4-amino-2-methylbutanoic acid ethyl ester (4.2 g) in 40 ml of CH₂CI₂ at 0°C is bubbled dry hydrogen chloride gas for 15 min. The mixture is stirred 2 h and concentrated to give (4S)-(p-phenylphenylmethyl)-4-amino-2-methylbutanoic acid ethyl ester hydrochloride as a 80:20 mixture of diastereomers.

To a room temperature solution of the above amine salt (3.12 g) in 15 ml of CH₂CI₂ and 15 ml of pyridine are added 13.5 g of succinic anhydride. The mixture is stirred for 17 h, concentrated, dissolved in ethyl acetate, washed with 1N HCI and brine, and dried (MgS0₄) to give N-(3-carboxy-1-oxopropyl)-(4S)-(p-phenylphenyl- methyl)-4-amino-2-methylbutanoic acid ethyl ester as a 80:20 mixture of diastereomers.

The above N-(3-carboxy-1-oxopropyl)-(4S)-(p-phenylphenylmethyl)-4-amino-2-methylbutanoic acid ethyl ester diastereomeric mixture (3.9 g) and N,N-dimethylformamide-di-t-butyl acetal (8.8 ml) are heated at 80°C in 40 ml of toluene for 2 h. The mixture is poured onto ice- 1N HCI, extracted with ether, chromatographed on silica gel eluting with (2:1) toluene:ethyl acetate to give N-(3-carbo(t)butoxy-1-oxopropyl)-(4S)-(p-phenylphe- nylmethyl)-4-amino-2R-methylbutanoic acid ethyl ester as the more polar material and the corresponding (S,S) diastereomer as the less polar material.

Example 2………THE ACID

To a solution of N-(3-carboxy-1-oxopropyl)-(4S)-(p-phenylphenylmethyl)-4-amino-(2R)-methylbutanoic acid ethyl ester (0.33 g) in 20 ml of (1:1) ethanol:tetrahydrofuran (THF) at room temperature are added 5 ml of 1 N sodium hydroxide solution (NaOH) and stirred for 17 h. The mixture is concentrated, dissolved in water and washed with ether. The aqueous layer is acidified with 1 N hydrochloric acid (HCI), extracted 3x with ethyl acetate (EtOAc), dried over magnesium sulfate (MgS0₄), filtered and concentrated. The residue is triturated with ether to yield N-(3-carboxy-1-oxopropyl)-(4S)-(p-phenylphenylmethyl)-4-amino-(2R)-methylbutanoic acid melting at 158-164°C, [α]_D ²⁰= -23.5° (methanol).

PATENT

CN 104557600

http://www.google.com/patents/CN104557600A?cl=zh

United States Patent US5217996 and international patent W02008031567, W02010136474 and W02012025501 reported a synthetic route follows to the chiral amino alcohols as raw materials, oxidized to the aldehyde, Victoria ladder tin reaction, chiral hydrogenation and amidation condensation reaction to obtain the objective product.

In addition, the international patent TO2008083967, TO2011088797, TO2012025502 and TO2014198195 reported that another type of preparation. The route through the 2-oxo-proline as raw material, carboxyl activating biphenyl substituted carbonyl reduction, chiral methylation, ring-opening reaction and amide condensation reaction to obtain the objective product.

Example Eight:

in the reaction flask was added (2R, 4S) -2- methyl-4-amino -5- (l, P- biphenyl-4-yl) – pentanoic acid ethyl ester (VII) (1.55g, 5mmol ), Jie of pyridine (1.2g, 15mmol) and dichloromethane burning 25mL, stirring to dissolve, butyric anhydride (1.0g, 10mmol), was heated to 4〇-45 ° C, the reaction was stirred for 6 hours. Fill Gaudin anhydride (0. 5g, 5mmol), the reaction was continued for 4 hours and the end of the reaction by TLC. Concentrated under reduced pressure, the residue was recrystallized from ethyl acetate and n-hexane to give an off-white solid sand sacubitril Kubica song (I) L 6g, a yield of 77.9%;

1H NMR (CDCl3) S 7.51 (d, 2H), 7.46 ( d, 2H), 7.36 (m, 2H), 7. 27 (m, 1H), 7. 17 (d, 2H), 5. 72 (d, 1H), 4. 19 (brs, 1H), 4. 06 (q, 2H), 2. 87-2. 72 (m, 2H), 2. 62-2. 54 (m, 2H), 2. 49 (brs, 1H), 2. 43-2. 33 ( m, 2H), I 88 (m 1H), I 54-1 43 (m, 1H), I. 18 (t, 3H), l 10 (d, 3H);…..

FAB-MSm / z : 412 [M + H] +.

PATENT

http://www.google.com/patents/WO2014198195A1?cl=en

Example 7

(2 Standby

Acetyl chloride (1 mL) 0 ° C was added ethanol (10 mL), and at room temperature for 0.5 hours, the compound (3R, 5S) -5- biphenyl-4-methyl-1- (2,2- methyl-propionyl) -3-methyl pyrrolidone (520 mg, 1.49 mmol), the reaction was refluxed for 3 days. After cooling to room temperature, and concentrated. The reaction mixture was dissolved in 8 mL of dichloromethane and pyridine 1: 1 mixed solution, and then butyryl anhydride (223 mg, 2.23 mmol). 30 ° C overnight. LC-MS detection, a small amount of starting material remaining, fill Gading anhydride (75 mg, 0.74 mmol), continue to reflect four hours. Concentrated and reverse phase column chromatography to give a white foam solid (2R, 4S) -5- biphenyl-4-yl-4- (3-carboxy – propionylamino) -2-methyl – acetic acid ester a (355 mg, 58%) and white solid (2R, 4S) -5- biphenyl-4-yl-4- (3-carboxy – propionylamino) -2-methyl – pentanoic acid b ( 13 mg, 2.3%).

a: 1H MR (400 MHz, CDCl ₃ ) [delta] 7.51 (d, = 7.8 Hz, 2H), 7.46 (d, = 7.8 Hz, 2H), 7.36 (t, J = 7.6 Hz, 2H), 7.27 (t, J = 7.2 Hz, IH), 7.17 (d, J = 7.9 Hz, 2H), 5.72 (d, J = 8.1 Hz, IH), 4.19 (brs, IH), 4.06 (q, J = 7.0 Hz, 2H) , 2.87-2.72 (m, 2H), 2.62-2.54 (m, 2H), 2.49 (brs, IH), 2.43-2.33 (m, 2H), 1.88 (ddd, = 13.2, 9.5, 3.9 Hz, IH), 1.54-1.43 (m, IH), 1.18 (t, = 7.0 Hz, 3H), 1.10 (d, = 7.2 Hz, 3H).

LC-MS: t _R = 3.43 min; [M + H] +: 412.0.

……………………

Paper

JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY, vol. 38, no. 10, 1995, pages 1689-1700,

http://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/jm00010a014

NOTE———–DIACID

(aR,yS)-y-[ (3-Carbo-1-oxopropyl)aminol-a-methyl- [l,l’-biphenyllpentanoic Acid (21a).

To the sodium salt of 19a (0.73 g, 1.68 mM) in 20 mL of THF:EtOH was added 1 N NaOH (5.0 mL, 5.0 “01). The reaction mixture was stirred overnight and then washed with ether. The aqueous layer was acidified with 1 N HCI, re-extracted with EtOAc (3 x 10 mL), dried (MgSO& and evaporated to dryness. The solid was recrystallized from ethanol to yield 435 mg of 21a DIACID OF SACUBITRIL

melting at 165-167 “C:

[a] D25~ -28.73 (c = 10.1 in MeOH);

‘H NMR, DMSOD6

PPM 12.0, (s, 2H), 7.75 (d, 1H), 7.62 (d, 2H), 7.55 (d, 2H), 7.45 (t, 2H), 7.32 (t, lH), 7.25 (d, 2H), 4.92 (m, lH), 2.70 (d, 2H), 2.35 (t, 3H), 2.25 (m, 2H), 1.75 (m, lH), 1.32 (m, lH), 1.03 (d, 3H).

Anal. (C22H25N05) C,H,N

Note diacid is sacubitrilat (LBQ657)

NMR PREDICT

1H NMR PREDICT

13C NMR PREDICT

COSY PREDICT

…………….

Formula Image

NMR…..http://www.chemietek.com/Files/Line3/CHEMIETEK,%20AHU-377%20,%20Lot%2001,%20NMR-MeOD,%201.1.pdf


Mol. Formula:C₂₄H₂₉NO₅ ∙ C₄H₁₁NO₃

MW:532.6
HPLC………http://www.chemietek.com/Files/Line2/CHEMIETEK,%20AHU-377%20,%20Lot%2001,%20HPLC.pdf

update………

PATENT

WO2016180275

https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=WO2016180275&recNum=1&maxRec=&office=&prevFilter=&sortOption=&queryString=&tab=FullText

Heart failure is a very high mortality syndrome, for patients with heart failure, so far no drug can significantly improve mortality and morbidity, and thus a new type of therapy is necessary. AHU-377 (CAS No. 149709-62-6) is an enkephalinase inhibitor, which is a prodrug ester groups can be lost through hydrolysis, converted to pharmaceutically active LBQ657, inhibit endorphin enzyme (NEP) the role of the main biological effects of NEP is to natriuretic peptides, bradykinin and other vasoactive peptide degradation failure. AHU-377 and angiotensin valsartan composition according to the molar ratio of 1 LCZ696. LCZ696 is an angiotensin receptor enkephalinase inhibitors, which can lower blood pressure, treat heart failure may become a new drug. Clinical data show, LCZ696 is more effective for the treatment of hypertension than valsartan alone.

Patents US 5,217,996 and US 5,354,892 reported the first synthesis of AHU-377, the synthetic route is as follows:

Reaction with unnatural D-tyrosine derivative as a substrate, more expensive, while the second step in the synthesis is necessary to use Pd-catalyzed Suzuki coupling reaction, whereby preparative route costs than the AHU-377 high.

Patent US 8,115,016 above routes also reported the departure from the pyroglutamate, through multi-step process for preparing a reaction AHU-377, which is more difficult methylation reaction, and the yield is not high. Patent US 8,580,974 also reported a carbonyl group of the a- introducing N, N- dimethyl enamine is converted to methyl, however, there are some problems in the route for constructing methyl chiral centers, are not suitable for scale-up synthesis route as follows:

About the latest AHU377 synthesis intermediates, Patent WO2014032627A1 reported using a Grignard reagent to react with epichlorohydrin, a quicker been important intermediates, synthetic route Compound AHU377 synthesized as follows:

However, the second step of the synthetic route use succinimide nitrogen atoms introduced by Mitsunobu reaction with hydrochloric acid hydrolysis to remove, then converted to Boc protected at the end of the synthesis process AHU377 Boc will have to take off protection, then any connection with succinic anhydride reaction product introduced into the structure of succinic acid portion, so that this method of atom economy and the economy of the steps are low.

Example 1

Synthesis of Compound 2

In inert atmosphere, a solution of three 500mL flask was added compound 1 (10g, 1eq), dissolved after 90mL THF, was added CuI (4.814g, 0.1eq), the system moves to the low temperature in the cooling bath to -20 ℃ when, biphenyl magnesium bromide dropwise addition, the internal temperature was controlled not higher than -10 ℃. Bi closed refrigeration drop, return to room temperature overnight. Completion of the reaction, the reaction solution was poured into saturated the NH ₄ of Cl (10vol, 100 mL) was stirred at room temperature for 0.5h. Suction filtered, the filter cake was rinsed with a small amount of EA, and the filtrate was transferred to a separatory funnel carved, and the aqueous phase was extracted with EA (10vol × 2,100mL × 2) and the combined organic phases with saturated NaHC [theta] ₃ , the NH ₄ of Cl, each Brine 150mL (15vol) washed once, dried over anhydrous over MgSO ₄ dried, suction filtered, and concentrated to give a white solid. Product obtained was purified by column 15.2g, yield 78%.

NMR data for the product are as follows:

¹ the H NMR (400MHz, CDCl ₃ ) [delta] 7.57 (D, J = 7.6Hz, 2H), 7.52 (D, J = 8.1Hz, 2H), 7.42 (T, J = 7.6Hz, 2H), 7.38-7.25 (m, 8H), 4.62-4.47 ( m, 2H), 4.09 (dd, J = 6.7,3.5Hz, 1H), 3.54 (dd, J = 9.5,3.5Hz, 1H), 3.43 (dd, J = 9.4 , 6.9Hz, 1H), 2.84 ( d, J = 6.6Hz, 2H), 2.38 (s, 1H).

Example 2

Synthesis of Compound 3

In an inert gas, at room temperature was added to the flask 500mL three Ph3P (18.54g, 2eq), 240mL DCM dissolution, butyryl diimide (of 6.44 g), compound 2 (15g), an ice-water bath cooling to 0 ℃ or so, was added dropwise DIAD (14mL) was complete, the reaction go to room temperature.Starting material the reaction was complete, the system was added to water (100 mL) quenched the reaction was stirred for 10min; liquid separation, the aqueous phase was extracted with DCM (100mL × 2), the combined organic phases with saturated Brine 100mL × 2), dried over anhydrous over MgSO ₄ dried , filtration, spin dry to give a white solid; product was purified by column 15.4g, yield 82%.

NMR data for the product are as follows:

¹ the H NMR (400MHz, CDCl ₃ ) [delta] 7.56 (D, J = 7.4Hz, 2H), 7.49 (D, J = 8.0Hz, 2H), 7.42 (T, J = 7.6Hz, 2H), 7.37-7.30 (m, 3H), 7.27 ( d, J = 6.7Hz, 3H), 7.22 (d, J = 8.0Hz, 2H), 4.75 (s, 1H), 4.56 (d, J = 12.0Hz, 1H), 4.45 (d, J = 12.0Hz, 1H ), 4.06 (t, J = 9.6Hz, 1H), 3.70 (dd, J = 10.0,5.2Hz, 1H), 3.23 (dd, J = 13.8,10.3Hz, 1H) , 3.14-3.00 (m, 1H), 2.48 (d, J = 4.0Hz.4H).

Example 3

Synthesis of Compound 4

Protection of inert gas, at room temperature was added to the flask 1L three compound 3 (18.81g), 470mL EtOH was dissolved, was added Pd / C, replaced the H ₂ three times, move heated on an oil bath at 60 ℃ reaction. Raw reaction was complete, the system was removed from the oil bath, the reaction solution was suction filtered through Celite and concentrated to give the crude product. It was purified by column pure 11.8g, a yield of 81.2%.

NMR data for the product are as follows:

₁ the H NMR (400MHz, CDCl ₃ ) [delta] 7.57 (D, J = 7.8Hz, 2H), 7.51 (D, J = 7.8Hz, 2H), 7.42 (T, J = 7.5Hz, 2H), 7.33 (T , J = 7.2Hz, 1H), 7.26 (d, J = 7.2Hz, 2H), 4.55 (d, J = 5.2Hz, 1H), 4.06-3.97 (m, 1H), 3.86 (dd, J = 12.0, 3.1Hz, 1H), 3.16 (dd , J = 8.1,2.9Hz, 2H), 2.58 (t, J = 7.0Hz, 4H), 1.26 (s, 2H).

Example 4

Synthesis of Compound 7

Protection of inert gas, at room temperature to a 25mL flask was added three Dess-Martin oxidant (767.7mg), 10mL DCM was dissolved, the system was cooled down to -10 deg.] C, was added 4 (500mg). Starting material the reaction was complete, to the system was added saturated NaHCO3 and Na2S2O3 each 5mL, quench the reaction stirred for 10min; aqueous phase was extracted with DCM (10mL × 3) and the combined organic phases with saturated NaHCO3, Brine 30mL each wash, dried over anhydrous MgSO4, filtration, spin dried to give the crude product used directly in the next reaction cast.

Example 5

Synthesis of Compound 8

Inert gas, at room temperature for three to 500mL flask 7 (497.5mg), 10mL DCM to dissolve an ice water bath to cool, added phosphorus ylide reagent (880.6mg), the system was removed from the ice water bath at room temperature. The reaction material completely stop the reaction, the system was added to water (5mL) to quench the reaction. Liquid separation, the aqueous phase was extracted with DCM (10mL × 2), organic phases were combined, washed with saturated Brine 20mL × 2, dried over anhydrous MgSO4, filtration, spin crude done. Product obtained was purified by column 563mg, 90% yield.

NMR data for the product are as follows:

¹ the H NMR (400MHz, CDCl ₃ ) δ7.60-7.53 (m, 2H), 7.51 (D, J = 8.1Hz, 2H), 7.42 (T, J = 7.6Hz, 2H), 7.33 (D, J = 7.3Hz, 1H), 7.23 (d , J = 8.1Hz, 2H), 7.13 (dd, J = 9.2,1.5Hz, 1H), 5.26 (td, J = 9.5,6.9Hz, 1H), 4.25-4.05 ( m, 2H), 3.40 (dd , J = 13.7,9.7Hz, 1H), 3.13 (dd, J = 13.8,6.7Hz, 1H), 2.53 (d, J = 2.2Hz, 4H), 1.85 (d, J = 1.4Hz, 3H), 1.30 ( t, J = 7.1Hz, 3H).

Example 6

Synthesis of Compound 9

Protection of inert gas, at room temperature to a 50mL flask was added three 8 (365mg, 1eq), 9mL of ethanol and stirred to dissolve, the system was replaced with hydrogen three times, was added Pd / C (25% w / w) at room temperature. The reaction material completely stop the reaction, the system was added to water (5mL) to quench the reaction. The reaction mixture was suction filtered through Celite and concentrated to give the crude product. Product was purified by column, yield 80.2%, purity 97.2%.

Example 7

Synthesis of Compound 10

Equipped with Compound 9 (100mg) acetic acid A reaction flask (9mL), hydrochloric acid (1mL). The reaction was heated oil bath at 80 deg.] C. The reaction material completely stop the reaction, the system was added to water (5mL) to quench the reaction. After saturated NaHCO3 and extracted with EA and concentrated to give crude product. Product obtained was purified by column 90mg, yield 84%.

NMR data for the product are as follows:

¹ the H NMR (400MHz, CDCl ₃ ) δ7.61-7.54 (m, 2H), 7.53-7.48 (m, 2H), 7.41 (dd, J = 10.5,4.9Hz, 2H), 7.31 (dd, J = 8.3 , 6.4Hz, 1H), 7.22 ( d, J = 8.2Hz, 2H), 5.93 (t, J = 9.7Hz, 1H), 4.34-4.00 (m, 3H), 2.91-2.71 (m, 2H), 2.68 -2.57 (m, 2H), 2.55 (ddd, J = 9.4,7.0,4.3Hz, 1H), 2.42 (dt, J = 13.3,6.8Hz, 2H), 1.97-1.74 (m, 1H), 1.64-1.46 (m, 1H), 1.23 ( td, J = 7.1,3.3Hz, 3H), 1.14 (dd, J = 7.1,3.9Hz, 3H)

Example 8

Synthesis of Compound 5

Example 8-1: The reaction flask was added compound 4 (1eq) was added water (2VOL), concentrated hydrochloric acid (2VOL), 110 ℃ reaction was heated in an oil bath overnight, complete conversion of starting material, the HPLC peak area 97%. 10% NaOH solution was added to adjust the pH to about 10, filtration products. Yield 85%.

Example 8-2: The reaction flask was added compound 4 (1eq) was added ethanol (5 vol), water (5 vol), potassium hydroxide (8 eq), was heated in an oil bath overnight at 110 ℃ reaction, complete conversion of the starting material, the HPLC peak area 99%. Water was added (5Vol), filtered to obtain the product. Yield 95%. Product was dissolved in toluene, was added ethanolic hydrochloric acid, the precipitated hydrochloride Compound 5.

NMR data for the product are as follows:

¹ the H NMR (400MHz, of DMSO) [delta] 8.31 (S, 3H), 7.70-7.61 (m, 4H), 7.47 (T, J = 7.6Hz, 2H), 7.42-7.31 (m, 3H), 4.09 (the dq- , J = 42.6,7.1Hz, 1H), 3.62-3.51 (m, 1H), 3.50-3.41 (m, 1H), 3.11-3.00 (m, 1H), 2.95-2.84 (m, 1H), 1.30-1.10 (m, 1H).

EXAMPLE 9

Synthesis of Compound 6

To the reactor was added compound 5, was added absolute ethanol (3vol). Temperature of the outer set 30 ℃ heating, stirring was continued after the temperature reached 25 ℃ 20min. Was added 30% NaOH aqueous solution (1.1eq). External temperature 65 ℃ heating provided, after the internal temperature reached 60 deg.] C was slowly added (of Boc) ₂ O (1.1 eq). Stirring 0.5h, reaction monitoring. After completion of the reaction, water was added slowly dropwise (8vol), turn off the heating and natural cooling. The system temperature was lowered to 25 deg.] C and continue stirring for 2h. Filter cake at 50 ℃ blast oven drying to obtain the product.

NMR data of the product are as follows:

¹ the H NMR (400MHz, CDCl ₃ ) δ7.61-7.50 (m, 4H), 7.61-7.50 (m, 4H), 7.46-7.39 (m, 2H), 7.48-7.38 (m, 2H), 7.38-7.23 (m, 3H), 7.37-7.26 ( m, 3H), 4.82 (d, J = 7.9Hz, 1H), 4.82 (d, J = 7.9Hz, 1H), 3.91 (s, 1H), 3.70 (d, J = 11.0Hz, 1H), 3.77-3.54 (m, 2H), 3.65-3.47 (m, 1H), 2.88 (d, J = 7.0Hz, 2H), 2.88 (d, J = 7.0Hz, 2H), 2.51 (s, 1H), 2.51 (s, 1H), 1.42 (s, 9H), 1.42 (s, 9H).

Synthesis of Intermediate Compound 6 to Compound 10, i.e., the AHU-377, a synthetic route in the background of the present invention, the cited patent application WO2014032627A1 loaded in detail, not in this repeat.

Example 10

Synthesis of Compound 2

Benzyl glycidyl ether preparation (50g) in THF (200mL) was added. Under inert gas protection, the biphenyl magnesium bromide (365mmol) was added to THF (1020mL) was added the reaction flask is placed in a low temperature bath -40 ℃ cooling. Cuprous iodide (O.leq) when the internal temperature dropped to -9 ℃. Continued to decrease the temperature of -23 ℃ dropwise addition of benzyl glycidyl ether in THF was added dropwise to control the internal temperature process of not higher than -15 deg.] C, 47 min when used, the addition was completed the cooling off the reaction was stirred overnight. The cooling system to -20 ℃ quenched with 1N HCl aqueous solution, <10 ℃ Go stirred 30min at room temperature. Liquid separation, the aqueous phase was extracted with THF, the combined THF phases. Respectively saturated ammonium chloride (250mL), saturated brine (250mL) washed. Rotary evaporation to remove THF, and water (200 mL) Continue rotary evaporation 1h, cool to precipitate a solid. Suction crude. Crude n-heptane was added 2Vol beating, suction filtration to obtain the product in a yield of 90 ~ 95%, HPLC peak area 94%. In another column purification was pure, columned yield 88.6%, HPLC 99.1%.

Example 11

Synthesis of Compound 3

Preparation Example 9, said compound taking the embodiment 2 (5g) added to the reaction flask, the reaction flask was added toluene (80mL), phthalimide (2.55 g of) and triphenylphosphine (5.35g of), the nitrogen was replaced protection. An ice-salt bath cooling to -5 deg.] C, was added dropwise DIAD (4.12g), dropwise addition was exothermic, the temperature was raised to 5 ℃. The reaction was continued 1h sampling HPLC test material substantially complete reaction. Join 12g silica spin column done to collect the product (including DIEA derivative).

Example 12

Synthesis of Compound 11

Compound 3 (3g) was added to the reaction flask embodiment taken in Preparation Example 10, was added ethanol (30 mL), with stirring. Was added hydrazine hydrate (2g) was heated in an oil bath reflux 1h, when supplemented with 20mL ethanol was stirred difficulties, the reaction was continued to 2.5h, HPLC showed the starting material the reaction was complete. Add EA / H2O 100mL each liquid separation, the EA phase was washed with water (100mL) and the combined organic phases were washed with water (100mL) and saturated brine (100mL) washed. Anhydrous magnesium sulfate and filtered spin column was done product 1.88g, yield 88%, HPLC 94%.

NMR data of the product are as follows:

¹ the H NMR (400MHz, of DMSO) [delta] 7.64 (D, J = 7.2Hz, 2H), 7.57 (D, J = 8.1Hz, 2H), 7.45 (T, J = 7.6Hz, 2H), 7.39-7.32 ( m, 5H), 7.29 (d , J = 8.1Hz, 3H), 4.55-4.43 (m, 2H), 3.38-3.23 (m, 3H), 3.18-3.10 (m, 1H), 2.82-2.74 (m, 1H), 2.61-2.52 (m, 1H ).

Example 13

Synthesis of Compound 11

To the toluene solution of the compound 2 was added phthalimide (1.1 eq), triphenylphosphine (1.3 eq) with stirring. External bath set -10 ℃, to cool the system, the internal temperature dropped to 0 ~ 5 ℃, start dropping DIAD (1.3eq), control the internal temperature -5 ~ 5 ℃. Completion of the dropwise addition, the cooling bath was turned off outside the reaction was stirred at room temperature. The reaction was stirred for 1 to 4 hours. The reaction solution to give compound 3, administered directly in the next reaction. To the above reaction mixture was added hydrazine hydrate (6 eq), heated to 70 ~ 80 ℃, to complete the reaction, filtered hot, the filtrate. Aqueous sodium hydroxide solution (20vol 10%) was stirred for 0.5h, allowed to stand for liquid separation from toluene phase. Water was added (20vol) was stirred for 0.5h, allowed to stand for liquid separation from toluene phase. The toluene phase was added hydrochloric acid (20vol, 3N), stirred for 0.5h, to form a solid precipitate. Filtration and drying to obtain a product, i.e. compound 11, the hydrochloride salt, yield 60% in two steps.

NMR data of the product are as follows:

¹ the H NMR (400MHz, of DMSO) [delta] 8.46 (S, 3H), 7.63 (dd, J = 16.4,7.7Hz, 4H), 7.47 (T, J = 7.6Hz, 2H), 7.42-7.22 (m, 8H ), 4.56 (d, J = 12.1Hz, 1H), 4.48 (d, J = 12.1Hz, 1H), 3.58 (d, J = 7.9Hz, 2H), 3.47 (dd, J = 10.9,6.3Hz, 1H ), 3.11 (dd, J = 13.5,4.9Hz, 1H), 2.92 (dd, J = 13.4,9.1Hz, 1H).

Example 14

Synthesis of Compound 12

Weigh Compound 11 (1.38g) was added to the reaction flask. To the reaction flask plus DCM (14ml) and Et3N (462mg, 0.73ml). Weighed (of Boc) ₂O (1.23 g of) was added to DCM (5ml) was dissolved. Room temperature (8 ℃), a solution (of Boc) ₂ DCM solution O was added dropwise to the reaction, (2ml) rinsed with DCM. The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature, detected by HPLC, the reaction ends 4h. Reaction mixture was washed (15ml) 3 times with Brine (15ml) The reaction solution was washed 1 times. Inorganic sulfate, concentrated and purified by column PE:EA = 15:1 give product 560mg, yield 30.8%, HPLC 99.92%.

NMR data of the product are as follows:

¹ the H NMR (400MHz, CDCl ₃ ) [delta] 7.57 (D, J = 7.6Hz, 2H), 7.49 (D, J = 7.4Hz, 2H), 7.43 (T, J = 7.3Hz, 2H), 7.39-7.28 (m, 5H), 7.24 ( d, J = 9.0Hz, 3H), 5.00-4.80 (br, 1H), 4.51 (q, J = 11.8Hz, 2H), 4.08-3.85 (br, 1H), 3.43 ( d, J = 2.9Hz, 2H) , 3.02-2.77 (m, 2H), 1.42 (s, 9H).

Example 15

Synthesis of Compound 6

Weigh Compound 12 (250mg) and methanol (9ml) was added to the reaction flask. Added Pd / C (138mg, 1 / 4w / w, water content 55%). The H ₂replaced 3 times, 50 ℃ stirred and heated. HPLC detection reaction, the reaction end 30h. Filtered off Pd / C, 40 ℃ concentrated under reduced pressure to remove methanol. PE:EA = 3:1 florisil column to give the product 196mg, 100% yield, 99.34% purity.

NMR data of the product are as follows:

Method for preparing the AHU-377, characterized by comprising the steps of: (a) Compound (1) S- benzyl glycidyl ether and biphenyl Grignard reagent produced by the reaction of the compound (2) in an organic solvent; ( b) compound (2) with a succinimide or phthalimide Mitsunobu reaction occurs in an organic solvent to form a compound (3); (C) compound (3) in an organic solvent in the role of a catalyst under removal debenzylation protected form compound (4); (D) compound (4) with an oxidizing agent oxidation reaction occurs in an organic solvent to form a compound (7); (E) compound (7) with a phosphorus ylide reagent in an organic solvent to give the compound (8); (F.) compound (8) in an organic solvent in the selective catalytic hydrogenation of the compound (9); and (g) of the compound (9) in an organic solvent in the hydrolysis reaction of the amide compound occurs in the presence of an acid ( 10), i.e., AHU-377;

References

John J.V. McMurray, Milton Packer, Akshay S. Desai, et al. for the PARADIGM-HF Investigators and Committees (August 30, 2014).“Angiotensin–Neprilysin Inhibition versus Enalapril in Heart Failure”. N Eng J Med 371. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1409077.
Solomon, SD. “HFpEF in the Future: New Diagnostic Techniques and Treatments in the Pipeline”. Boston. p. 48. Retrieved 2012-01-26.
Gu, J.; Noe, A.; Chandra, P.; Al-Fayoumi, S.; Ligueros-Saylan, M.; Sarangapani, R.; Maahs, S.; Ksander, G.; Rigel, D. F.; Jeng, A. Y.; Lin, T. H.; Zheng, W.; Dole, W. P. (2009). “Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of LCZ696, a Novel Dual-Acting Angiotensin Receptor-Neprilysin Inhibitor (ARNi)”. The Journal of Clinical Pharmacology 50 (4): 401–414. doi:10.1177/0091270009343932.PMID 19934029. edit
Schubert-Zsilavecz, M; Wurglics, M. “Neue Arzneimittel 2010/2011.” (in German)

WO2004085378A1 *	Mar 15, 2004	Oct 7, 2004	Joseph D Armstrong Iii	Process for the preparation of chiral beta amino acid derivatives by asymmetric hydrogenation
WO2006057904A1 *	Nov 18, 2005	Jun 1, 2006	Merck & Co Inc	Stereoselective preparation of 4-aryl piperidine amides by asymmetric hydrogenation of a prochiral enamide and intermediates of this process
WO2006069617A1 *	Dec 5, 2005	Jul 6, 2006	Dsm Fine Chem Austria Gmbh	Process for transition metal-catalyzed asymmetric hydrogenation of acrylic acid derivatives, and a novel catalyst system for asymmetric transition metal catalysis
US5217996 *	Jan 22, 1992	Jun 8, 1993	Ciba-Geigy Corporation	Biaryl substituted 4-amino-butyric acid amides

NON-PATENT CITATIONS

Reference
1	*	KSANDER, GARY M. ET AL: “Dicarboxylic Acid Dipeptide Neutral Endopeptidase Inhibitors” JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY, vol. 38, no. 10, 1995, pages 1689-1700, XP002340280 cited in the application

Patent	Submitted	Granted
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS [US2009156585]	2009-06-18
METHODS OF TREATMENT AND PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOSITION [US8101659]	2008-10-23	2012-01-24
Substituted Aminobutyric Derivatives as Neprilysin Inhibitors [US2010305145]	2010-12-02
PROCESS FOR PREPARING BIARYL SUBSTITUTED 4-AMINO-BUTYRIC ACID OR DERIVATIVES THEREOF AND THEIR USE IN THE PRODUCTION OF NEP INHIBITORS [US2009326066]	2009-12-31
Process for preparing 5-biphenyl-4-amino-2-methyl pentanoic acid [US8115016]	2010-05-06	2012-02-14
Methods of treatment and pharmaceutical composition [US7468390]	2003-07-31	2008-12-23
Process for Preparing 5-biphenyl-4-amino-2-methyl Pentanoic Acid [US2014249320]	2014-03-25	2014-09-04
Substituted Aminobutyric Derivatives as Neprilysin Inhibitors [US2012252830]	2012-06-07	2012-10-04
Process for preparing 5-biphenyl-4-amino-2-methyl pentanoic acid [US8716495]	2011-12-21	2014-05-06

Sacubitril
Systematic (IUPAC) name

4-{[(2S,4R)-1-(4-Biphenylyl)-5-ethoxy-4-methyl-5-oxo-2-pentanyl]amino}-4-oxobutanoic acid
Clinical data
Legal status	Investigational
Identifiers
CAS Registry Number	149709-62-6
ATC code	None
PubChem	CID: 9811834
ChemSpider	7987587
Synonyms	AHU-377; AHU377
Chemical data
Formula	C₂₄H₂₉N O₅
Molecular mass	411.49 g/mol

NHS Evidence on Sacubitril

DrugBank on Sacubitril

Relevant Clinical Literature

Pubmed on Sacubitril

RCT with Sacubitril

Systematic reviews of Sacubitril

Sacubitril in N Eng J Med, Lancet, JAMA, BMJ

Sacubitril in Cochrane Collaboration

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UK Guidance

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BNF-registration required
BNF for children-registration required

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CTD (Comparative Toxicogenomics Database) link

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Protein Structural Information

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Protein Knowledgebase (UniProtKB)

Sacubitril
Systematic (IUPAC) name

4-{[(2S,4R)-1-(4-Biphenylyl)-5-ethoxy-4-methyl-5-oxo-2-pentanyl]amino}-4-oxobutanoic acid
Identifiers
CAS Number	149709-62-6
ATC code	None
PubChem	CID: 9811834
ChemSpider	7987587
Synonyms	AHU-377; AHU377
Chemical data
Formula	C₂₄H₂₉NO₅
Molecular mass	411.49 g/mol
SMILES [hide] CCOC(=O)[C@H](C)C[C@@H](CC1=CC=C(C=C1)C2=CC=CC=C2)NC(=O)CCC(=O)O

Message

Comwinchem <comwinchem@foxmail.com>
Date: 1 September 2016 at 15:16
Subject: LCZ696 (SACUBITRIL+VALSARTAN)/ Changzhou Comwin Fine Chemicals Co,. Ltd
To: amcrasto <amcrasto@gmail.com>
Dear SirHow do you do! Sincerely hope my email will bring you more LCZ696 (SACUBITRIL+VALSARTAN) possibilities.I am Wang Zhuo of ComWin from China, and in charge of LCZ696 (SACUBITRIL+VALSARTAN) global marketing.

LCZ696 (sacubitril/Valsartan) is a combination drug for use in heart failure developed by Novartis. It consists of valsartan and sacubitril, in a 1:1 mixture by molecule count. It was approved by US FDA in July 2015.

Sacubitril (Hemicalcium) is a neprilysin inhibitor, We have developed this project since 2nd half of 2014. At present, some intermediates are in commercial scale, and some are in pilot production.

We will put our most focus on this project from 2nd half of this year. Certainly we will file DMF for Sacubitril and make submission to regulartory market. We have sold Sacbutitril to some EU customers for evaluation purpose, such as Teva, Chemo. Also, we are doing the development of LCZ696 (the final API). It’s co-crystallized valsartan and sacubitril, in a one-to one molar ratio. One LCZ696 complex consists of six valsartan anions, six sacubitril anions, 18 sodium cations, and 15 molecules of water. Now we have the sample of LCZ696 in kilogram grade.

Best Regards
Wang Zhuo
Sales Executive
Changzhou ComWin Fine Chemicals Co.,Ltd.
24th Floor, Jiaye International Commercial Plaza
99 Yanling West Road, Changzhou
Jiangsu 213003 China
Tel: 0086 519 8663 2882

Fax: 0086 519 8661 3190

email: wang.zhuo@comwin-china.com
www.comwin-china.com

सुकून उतना ही देना प्रभू, जितने से जिंदगी चल जाये। औकात बस इतनी देना, कि औरों का भला हो जाये।
DRUG APPROVALS BY DR ANTHONY MELVIN CRASTO …..FOR BLOG HOME CLICK HERE

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LIONEL MY SON

He was only in first standard in school when I was hit by a deadly one in a million spine stroke called acute transverse mylitis, it made me 90% paralysed and bound to a wheel chair, Now I keep him as my source of inspiration and helping millions, thanks to millions of my readers who keep me going and help me to keep my son happy

सुकून उतना ही देना प्रभू, जितने से
जिंदगी चल जाये।
औकात बस इतनी देना,
कि औरों का भला हो जाये।

////// antihypertensive drug, Heart Failure, Sacubitril, AHU 377

CCOC(=O)[C@H](C)C[C@@H](Cc1ccc(cc1)c2ccccc2)NC(=O)CCC(=O)O

CCOC(=O)[C@H](C)C[C@@H](CC1=CC=C(C=C1)C2=CC=CC=C2)NC(=O)CCC(=O)O

Updating of the HMPC-Guideline on the use of the CTD Format in the Registration of Traditional Herbal Medicinal Products

August 13, 2015 5:18 am / Leave a comment

DRUG REGULATORY AFFAIRS INTERNATIONAL

Updating of the HMPC-Guideline on the use of the CTD Format in the Registration of Traditional Herbal Medicinal Products

Compared to herbal medicinal products (HMPs) there is a simplified registration procedure for traditional herbal medicinal products (THMP).

EMA’s HMPC (Committee on Herbal Medicinal Products) published the draft of revision 2 on the use of the CTD format in the preparation of a registration application for traditional herbal medicinal products on 10 March 2015.

This guideline contains instructions on how to prepare a CTD for a registration application of traditional herbal medicinal products.

Now, there is a new annex 2 with a mock-up which shows by means of a concrete example where and to what extent information should be given on traditional herbal medicinal products in the dossier.

Appendix 1 is a best practice guide for module 3 on quality.

For further information please see the complete draft revision 2 of the…

View original post 33 more words

Indian and Chinese API Manufacturers in the Focus of European Authorities

August 13, 2015 4:51 am / Leave a comment

DRUG REGULATORY AFFAIRS INTERNATIONAL

Indian and Chinese API Manufacturers in the Focus of European Authorities

The EudraGMP database was originally launched in April 2007 and is used to exchange information on compliance with the Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) between the relevant regulatory authorities of the EU Member States – including Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway. Since January 2011 the data of all national authorities can be accessed. Further, since April 2013 the database also contains information about GDP, why it is referred to as Eudra GMDP database now.

The database comprising the reports about deficiencies found in inspections by the European authorities – the “non-compliance reports” or, officially, “statement of non-compliance with GMP” – was extended by three reports last week: two of these reports related to Chinese firms, one report to a company in India. The inspections were conducted by inspectors of the Italian authority.

The inspection of the Indian site (antibiotic…

View original post 224 more words

MIRABEGRON

August 12, 2015 9:34 am / 1 Comment on MIRABEGRON

MIRABEGRON

Betanis
Myrbetriq
UNII-MVR3JL3B2V
YM 178
YM178

Мирабегрон ميرابيغرون 米拉贝隆

2-(2-Amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-N-[4-(2-{[(2R)-2-hydroxy-2-phenylethyl]amino}ethyl)phenyl]acetamide

MF: C₂₁H₂₄N₄O₂S =396.5

Mirabegron (YM-178, Astellas Pharma), is an orally active, first-in-class selective β₃-adrenoceptor agonist for the symptomatic treatment of overactive bladder (OAB), and has been approved for urinary frequency and urinary incontinence associated with OAB

Mirabegron (YM-178) is the first β3-adrenoceptor agonist that is clinically effective for overactive bladder. Mirabegron (0.3 and 1 mg/kg) inhibits mechanosensitive single-unit afferent activities (SAAs) of Aδ fibers in response to bladder filling. Mirabegron activates the β3 adrenergic receptor in the detrusor muscle in the bladder, which leads to muscle relaxation and an increase in bladder capacity. Mirabegron (YM-178) acts partly as an irreversible or quasi-irreversible metabolism-dependent inhibitor of CYP2D6. Mirabegron at a dose of 3 mg/kg i.v. decreased the frequency of rhythmic bladder contraction induced by intravesical filling with saline without suppressing its amplitude in anesthetized rats. Mirabegron decreases primary bladder afferent activity and bladder microcontractions in rats. Mirabegron (YM-178) also reduced non-micturition bladder contractions in an awake rat model of bladder outlet obstruction.

Mirabegron is a white crystalline powder, not hygroscopic and freely soluble in dimethyl sulfoxide, soluble in methanol and soluble in water between neutral to acidic pH. The chemical name is 2-(2- Amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-N-[4-(2-{[(2R)-2-hydroxy-2- phenylethyl]amino}ethyl)phenyl]acetamide., Mirabegron exhibits stereoisomerism due to the presence of one chiral centre. The R enantiomer has been used in the manufacture of the finished product. The enantiomeric purity is controlled routinely by chiral HPLC-UV. Polymorphism has been observed for the active substance. The polymorphic form α is routinely and consistently produced by the synthetic process and it is used in the manufacture of the finished product…….http://www.ema.europa.eu/docs/en_GB/document_library/EPAR_-_Public_assessment_report/human/002388/WC500137308.pdf

Mirabegron (formerly YM-178, trade name Myrbetriq, Betmiga in Spain) is a drug for the treatment of overactive bladder.^[2] It was developed by Astellas Pharma and was approved in the United States in July 2012.^[3]

Mirabegron activates the β3 adrenergic receptor in the detrusor muscle in the bladder, which leads to muscle relaxation and an increase in bladder capacity.^[4]\

NMR PREDICT

PAPER

http://jocpr.com/vol7-iss4-2015/JCPR-2015-7-4-1473-1478.pdf

Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research, 2015, 7(4):1473-1478

In the first approach, the introduction of the chiral hydroxyl group was planned at the later stage (Scheme 1). Accordingly, 2-(4-nitrophenyl)ethyl amine 4 was protected as the Boc-derivative 5, followed by the reduction of the nitro group using stannous chloride to furnish corresponding aniline 6. Alternate reducing conditions such as hydrogenation in the presence of 10% Pd-C were also provided the desired 6 in good yield. Amide coupling of the aniline 6 with 2-(2-aminothiazol-4-yl) acetic acid 7 in the presence of EDC, HOBt/DIPEA furnished the desired amide 8. Interestingly, lower reactivity of 2-aminothiazole precluded any self-coupling of 7.

Removal of Boc-group in 8, set the stage for the critical step of introducing the chiral hydroxyl by means of stereocontrolled ring opening of the chiral (R)-styrene epoxide 10. Epoxide opening reaction of 10 was initially attempted with amine 9 in the presence of Et3N in MeOH as the solvent. Alternatively, epoxy opening was also performed under simple isopropanol reflux condition to get the desired 1. The desired product 1 was isolated in 27% yield after purification by column chromatography. This is due to the formation of N-alkylated derivatives of 1 by undesired reaction of 10 with amino functionalities of 1. However, the inefficiency of the epoxide opening reaction precluded a high purity of final product, Mirabegron 1. Since it is not practical to embark on repeated purifications at the last stage (which leads to poor yields), this route was not pursued for further optimization.

13C NMR PREDICT

1H NMR PREDICT

………………

1H NMR PREDICT

13C NMR PREDICT

COSY PREDICT
COSY NMR prediction (24)

CN 103896872
http://www.google.com/patents/CN103896872A?cl=en

Third, Mira Veron synthesis:
reaction:

in 500mL three-necked flask, 2- (2-aminothiazol-4-yl) acetic acid 17.42g (0.086mol), N, N- dimethylformamide 180mL, then added H0BT15.12g (0.104 mol), was added (R) _2 _ ((4- aminophenyl) amino) phenyl-ethan-l-ol -1_ 20g (0.078mol), was added triethylamine 13.04g (0.13mol), was added portionwise EDCI21. 46g (0.104mol), under magnetic stirring, room temperature for 5h, TLC until the reaction was complete tracking.
After treatment: After the completion of the reaction, the reaction solution was poured into 900mL saturated saline water, and then extracted with 400mL of dichloromethane each time, and extracted three times, each time the organic phase is then washed with 200mL of saturated aqueous sodium carbonate solution, washed three times, each time with distilled water and then 200mL of water, washed three times, the organic phase was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, and concentrated under reduced pressure to give a white solid in methylene chloride was distilled off Mira Veron crude, the crude product was recrystallized from methanol solution, wherein the methanol solution of methanol and water, the volume ratio of 10: 4, and recrystallized to give 25.08g, yield 81.0%.
The present embodiment Mira Veron synthesized for testing and structural identification:
mp138 ~ 140 ° C (137 ~ 139 ° C)
[α] 20-18. ~ -22. (CH3OH)
chemical purity HPLC: 99.96%
Optical purity: 97.55ee%
HRMS (ES1-MS, m / z) calcd: for C21H25N4O2S [M + H] + 397.16.Found:. 397.16
1H Mffi (400MHz, DMS0) Sl0.00 (s, lH), 7.50 ( d, J = 8.5Hz, 2H), 7.30 (dd, J = 9.5,5.1Hz, 4H), 7.23 (dd, J = 6.0, 2.7Hz, 1H), 7.12 (d, J = 8.5Hz, 2H), 6.90 (s, 2H), 6.30 (s, 1H), 5.24 (s, 1H), 4.60 (s, 1H), 3.45 (s, 2H), 2.74 (dd, J = 9.8, 3.5Hz, 2H), 2.64 (m, 4H).
13C NMR (101MHz, DMSO) δ 168.69 (s), 168.26 (s), 146.35 (s), 145.03 (s), 137.66 (s), 135.51 (s), 129.24 (s ), 128.38 (s), 127.22 (s), 126.33 (s), 119.46 (s), 103.03 (s), 71.88 (s), 57.94 (s), 51.20 (s), 40.40 (s), 40.20 (s ), 39.99 (s), 39.78 (s), 39.57 (s), 35.77 (s)

1H NMR FIG2…SEE…….http://orgspectroscopyint.blogspot.in/2015/08/mirabegron.html

13C NMR FIG3

………….

CN 103193730
http://www.google.com/patents/CN103193730A?cl=en

By and O ° C under nitrogen protection temperature conditions, 7.3g (R) -2- amino _1_ benzeneethanol added 250mL three-necked flask, the stirring was dissolved in 50mL of dichloromethane Mira Veron Intermediate C was added dropwise to the reaction solution to form three-necked flask. Stirred for I hour under nitrogen, with stirring 4.12g of sodium borohydride was added to the reaction mixture. The reaction mixture was stirred (under TC 3 hours to TLC the reaction was complete. The reaction is complete the reaction mixture was added dropwise a saturated aqueous ammonium chloride solution IOmL quenched reaction was washed twice with 40mL of water, the organic phase was separated. The The organic phase at the conditions at 0 ° C was added concentrated sulfuric acid was stirred IOmL until TLC after 0.5 hours the reaction was complete, then was added 20mL of 20% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution to complete the reaction of the organic phase was adjusted to pH 10 and stirred for 15 minutes minutes solution. The organic phase first with 50mL saturated brine I times with IOg anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated to give crude product was recrystallized from methanol and water to give 18.7g of the final product Mira Veron purity of 99.33%, chiral purity of 99.01%, a yield of 88.12%.
Mira Veron use randomly selected samples prepared by the synthesis method of the present invention is detected by liquid chromatography.
Test conditions: Instrument: Agilent 1100 HPLC;
Column: Luna C18, 4.6mmX 250mm, 5 μ m;
Column temperature: 25 ° C;
flow rate: 1.0mL / min;
The detection wavelength: 2IOnm;
Injection volume: 5ul;
Mobile phase A: acetonitrile;
Mobile phase B: 0.1% phosphoric acid aqueous solution;
Running time: 40min.
FIG liquid chromatography after detection of the sample shown in Figure 1; results are shown in Table I.
Table 1: The Mira Veron chromatographic analysis sample preparation method of the present invention

……….

http://www.google.co.in/patents/EP1440969A1?cl=en

Example 4 (Production of the α-form crystal from wet cake of the β-form crystal) :

The same procedures as in Example 2 were followed to obtain 23.42 kg of a wet cake of the β-form crystal of (R)-2-(2-aminothiazol-4-yl)-4′-[2-[(2-hydroxy-2-phenylethyl)amino]ethyl]acetanilide from 6.66 kg of (R)-2-[[2-(4-aminophenyl)ethyl]amino]-1-phenylethanol monohydrochloride. This cake was added with and dissolved in 92 L of water and 76 L of ethanol by heating at about 80°C, and the solution was cooled at a rate of about 10°C per hour, to which was then added 8.4 g of the α-form crystal at 55°C. Thereafter, the mixture was cooled to 20°C. A crystal was filtered and dried to obtain 6.56 kg of the α-form crystal of (R)-2-(2-aminothiazol-4-yl)-4′-[2-[(2-hydroxy-2-phenylethyl)amino]ethyl]acetanilide.
Powder X-ray diffraction diagram and thermal analysis diagram of the α-form crystal are shown in Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, respectively.
¹H-NMR (DMSO-d ₆, 500 MHz) δ (ppm) = 1.60 (1H, s), 2.59 to 2.66 (4H, m), 2.68 to 2.80 (2H, m), 3.45 (2H, s), 4.59 (1H, br), 5.21 (1H, br), 6.30 (1H, s), 6.89 (2H, s), 7.11 (2H, d, J = 8.5 Hz), 7.19 to 7.23 (1H, m), 7.27 to 7.33 (4H, m), 7.49 (2H, d, J = 8.5 Hz), 9.99 (1H,s). FAB-MS m/z: 397 (M+H)⁺.

References

“mirabegron (Rx) – Myrbetriq”. Medscape Reference. WebMD. Retrieved 17 November 2013.
Gras, J (2012). “Mirabegron for the treatment of overactive bladder”. Drugs of today (Barcelona, Spain : 1998) 48 (1): 25–32. doi:10.1358/dot.2012.48.1.1738056. PMID 22384458.
Sacco, E; Bientinesi, R et al. (Apr 2014). “Discovery history and clinical development of mirabegron for the treatment of overactive bladder and urinary incontinence”. Expert Opin Drug Discov9 (4): 433–48. doi:10.1517/17460441.2014.892923. PMID 2455903.
“New Drug Approvals 2012 – Pt. XIV – Mirabegron (MyrbetriqTM)”. ChEMBL. 5 July 2012. Retrieved 28 September 2012.
“MYRBETRIQ (mirabegron) tablet, film coated, extended release [Astellas Pharma US, Inc.]“. DailyMed. Astellas Pharma US, Inc. September 2012. Retrieved 17 November 2013.
“Betmiga 25mg & 50mg prolonged-release tablets”. electronic Medicines Compendium. Astellas Pharma Ltd. 22 February 2013. Retrieved 17 November 2013.
Cypess, Aaron; Weiner, Lauren; Roberts-Toler, Carla; Elía, Elisa; Kessler, Skyler; Kahn, Peter; English, Jeffrey; Chatman, Kelly; Trauger, Sunia; Doria, Alessandro; Kolodny, Gerald (6 January 2015). “Activation of Human Brown Adipose Tissue by a β3-Adrenergic Receptor Agonist”. Cell Metabolism 21 (1): 33–38. doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2014.12.009. PMID 25565203. Retrieved 26 January 2015.

External links

Sacco, E.; Bientinesi, R. (2012). “Mirabegron: A review of recent data and its prospects in the management of overactive bladder”. Therapeutic Advances in Urology 4 (6): 315–24. doi:10.1177/1756287212457114. PMC 3491758. PMID 23205058.

Mirabegron
Systematic (IUPAC) name

2-(2-Amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-N-[4-(2-{[(2R)-2-hydroxy-2-phenylethyl]amino}ethyl)phenyl]acetamide
Clinical data
Trade names	Myrbetriq (US), Betanis (Japan), Betmiga (EU)
Licence data	EMA:Link, US FDA:link
Pregnancy category	US: C (Risk not ruled out)
Legal status	UK: Prescription-only (POM) US: ℞-only
Routes of administration	Oral
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability	29-35%^[1]
Protein binding	71%^[1]
Metabolism	Hepatic via (direct) glucuronidation, amide hydrolysis, and minimal oxidative metabolism in vivo byCYP2D6 and CYP3A4. Some involvement of butylcholinesterase^[1]
Biological half-life	50 hours^[1]
Excretion	Urine (55%), faeces (34%)^[1]
Identifiers
CAS Registry Number	223673-61-8
ATC code	G04 BD12
PubChem	CID: 9865528
ChemSpider	8041219
Synonyms	YM-178
Chemical data
Formula	C₂₁H₂₄N₄O₂S
Molecular mass	396.506 g/mol

Patent	Submitted	Granted
Alpha-form or beta-form crystal of acetanilide derivative [US7342117]	2005-01-06	2008-03-11
Pharmaceutical composition for treating stress incontinence and/or mixed incontinence [US2006004105]	2006-01-05
Pharmaceutical composition comprising a beta-3-adrenoceptor agonist and a serotonin and/or norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor Pharmaceutical composition comprising a beta-3-adrenoceptor agonist and a serotonin and/or norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor [US2009012161]	2005-11-24
Pharmaceutical composition consisting of a beta-3-adrenoceptor agonist and alpha-agonist [US2005154041]	2005-07-14
Pharmaceutical composition consisting of a beta-3-adrenoceptor agonist and an active substance which influences prostaglandin metabolism [US2005119239]	2005-06-02
Pharmaceutical Composition For Treating Stress Incontinence And/Or Mixed Incontinence [US2007129435]	2007-06-07
Remedy for overactive bladder comprising acetic acid anilide derivative as the active ingredient [US7750029]	2006-06-01	2010-07-06
[alpha]-form or [beta]-form crystal of acetanilide derivative [US7982049]	2008-09-04	2011-07-19
BETA ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR AGONISTS FOR THE TREATMENT OF B-CELL PROLIFERATIVE DISORDERS [US2010009934]	2010-01-14
PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOSITION FOR IMPROVING LOWER URINARY TRACT SYMPTOMS [US2010261770]	2010-10-14

11 to 16 of 16
Patent	Submitted	Granted
PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOSITION FOR MODIFIED RELEASE [US2010144807]	2010-06-10
BENZYLAMINE DERIVATIVE OR PHARMACEUTICALLY ACCEPTABLE ACID ADDITION SALT THEREOF, AND USE THEREOF FOR MEDICAL PURPOSES [US8148427]	2010-04-22	2012-04-03
Pharmaceutical composition containing a beta-3-adrenoceptor agonist and an alpha antagonist and/or a 5-alpha reductase inhibitor [US2005101607]	2005-05-12
REMEDY FOR OVERACTIVE BLADDER COMPRISING ACETIC ACID ANILIDE DERIVATIVE AS THE ACTIVE INGREDIENT [US2009093529]	2009-04-09
PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOSITION FOR TREATING OVERACTIVE BLADDER [US2010240697]	2010-09-23
Pharmaceutical composition comprising beta-3-adrenoceptor-agonists and antimuscarinic agents [US2005261328]	2005-11-24

US Patent No	Patent Expiry	patent use
6346532	Oct 15, 2018
6562375	Aug 1, 2020
6699503	Sep 10, 2013
7342117	Nov 4, 2023
7750029	Dec 18, 2023	U-913
7982049	Nov 4, 2023

Exclusivity Code	Exclusivity Date
NCE	Jun 28, 2017

U-913……….TREATMENT OF OVERACTIVE BLADDER WITH SYMPTOMS OF URGE URINARY INCONTINENCE, URGENCY, AND FREQUENCY

//////Mirabegron, Overactive bladder, FDA 2012, ASTELLAS PHARMA, YM-178, Myrbetriq, Betmiga

Updates…….

Overactive bladder (OAB) is characterized by symptoms of urinary urgency, with or without urgency incontinence, usually with increased daytime frequency and nocturia.(1-3) Current guidelines recommend oral antimuscarinics drugs as the first-line pharmacologic therapy in the management of OAB despite the companion adverse effects.(4, 5) Mirabegron is an orally active β3 adrenoceptor agonist approved by the FDA for treatment of OAB in 2012, which is an important step toward the better treatment options for the management of OAB.(6)

(R)-Styrene oxide 1 and 4-nitrophenethylamine 2 were exploited as starting materials in the first synthesis of mirabegron (Scheme 1). Heating 1 and 2 in i-propanol afforded amino alcohol 3, and then the amino group was protected by di-tert-butyl dicarbonate (Boc2O), followed by a condensation with 2-aminothiazol-4-acetic acid. Deprotection of the condensation product 7 finally afforded mirabegron.(7-10) Although reactions in the whole process were all conventional reactions, optically pure 1 was not industrially available, which restricted its application in industry.

(R)-Mandelic 8 and 4-nitrophenethylamine hydrochloride 9 were exploited as starting materials in an alternate route (Scheme 2). Condensation of 8 and 9 in the presence of 1-ethyl-3-(3-(dimethylamino)propyl)carbodiimide hydrochloride (EDCI), 1-hydroxybenzotriazole (HOBt), and triethylamine in N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) furnished the corresponding amide 10, which was further reduced in the presence of borane-tetrahydrofuran complex in a mixed solution of 1,3-dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone (DMI) and tetrahydrofuran (THF), affording amine 11. The nitro group of 11 was then reduced by hydrogenation affording aniline 12 which was further amidated by an aqueous EDCI coupling affording mirabegron. This route was rather concise with only four steps, in which the sole stereogenic center was introduced via a bulk starting material 8.(11-13) However, usage of the costly EDCI twice, especially in the first step, led to a high cost and more impurities.

mail: chm_zhenggx@ujn.edu.cn, chm_zhenggx@ujn.edu.cn

1 Abrams, P.; Cardozo, L.; Fall, M.; Griffiths, D.; Rosier, P.; Ulmsten, U.; Van Kerrebroeck, P.; Victor, A.; Wein,A. UROLOGY 2003, 61, 37, DOI: 10.1016/S0090-4295(02)02243-4
2.Abrams, P.; Chapple, C.; Khoury, S.; Roehrborn, C.; de la Rosette, J. J. Urol. 2009, 181, 1779, DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2008.11.127
3.Jaiprakash, H.; Benglorkar, G. M. RJPBCS 2014, 5 ( 3) 213
4.Lucas, M. G.; Ruud, J. L.; Bosch, R. J. L.; Burkhard, F. C.; Cruz, F.; Madden, T. B.; Nambiar, A. K.; Neisius,A.; de Ridder, D. J. M. K.; Tubaro, A.; Turner, W.; Pickard, R. Eur. Urol. 2012, 62, 1130, DOI: 10.1016/j.eururo.2012.08.047
5.Gormley, E. A.; Lightner, D. J.; Burgio, K. L.; Chai, T. C.; Clemens, J. Q.; Culkin, D. J.; Das, A. K.; Foster, H. E.; Scarpero, H. M.; Tessier, C. D.; Vasavada, S. P. J. Urol. 2012, 188, 2455, DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2012.09.079
6.Sacco, E.; Bientinesi, R. World J. Obstet Gynecol 2013, 2 ( 4) 65, DOI: 10.5317/wjog.v2.i4.65
7.Maruyama, T.; Suzuki, T.; Onda, K.; Hayakawa, M.; Moritomo, H.; Kimizuka, T.; Matsui, T. US6346532,2002.
8.Kawazoe, S.; Sakamoto, K.; Awamura, Y.; Maruyama, T.; Suzuki, T.; Onda, K.; Takasu, T. EP144096A1,2004.
9.Takasu, T.; Sato, S.; Ukai, M.; Maruyama, T. EP1559427A1, 2005.
10Zhang, H.; Li, Y.; Chen, S.; Shen, M.; Wang, X. CN103896872A, 2014

//////////

MORINIDAZOLE 吗啉硝唑

August 11, 2015 10:05 am / 1 Comment on MORINIDAZOLE 吗啉硝唑

Stockhausen's Mai 1.1 of the innovative spirit of antimicrobial agents (morpholine metronidazole) chemical structure

MORINIDAZOLE

吗啉硝唑

(迈灵达^®

1- [3- (4-morpholinyl) -2-hydroxypropyl] -2-methyl-5- nitro -1H- imidazole

CAS 92478-27-8

Jiangsu Hansoh Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.

Morinidazole was approved by China Food and Drug Administration (CFDA) on February 24, 2014. It was developed and marketed as a step Lingda ® by Hansoh Pharmaceutical.

A nitroimidazoles antibiotic used to treat bacterial infections including appendicitis and pelvic inflammatory disease.

Morinidazole is a nitroimidazoles antibiotic indicated for the treatment of bacterial infections including appendicitis and pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) caused by anaerobic bacteria.

str1

PATENT

WO2006058457A1.

http://www.google.com/patents/WO2006058457A1?cl=en

……………………….

PATENT
CN1981764A.

https://www.google.com/patents/CN1981764A?cl=en

1- (2,3-epoxypropoxy yl) -2-methyl-5-nitro-imidazole (10g), morpholino (10g), 100ml of acetonitrile under reflux for 2 hours, vacuum recovery of acetonitrile, water was added 100ml, heating to the whole solution, filtered hot, let cool, filtering, washing and drying to obtain an off-white solid (11g).

Proton nuclear magnetic resonance data: 1HNMR (CD3Cl) δ2.39 ~ 2.73 (6H, m) δ2.61 (3H, s) δ3.71 ~ 3.81 (4H, m) δ4.10 ~ 4.17 (2H, m) δ4 .63 ~ 4.66 (1H, m) δ8.00 (1H, s)

CN 102199147

http://www.google.com/patents/CN102199147A?cl=en

CN 1605586

https://www.google.com/patents/CN1605586A?cl=en

Example 7 Preparation of α- (morpholino-1-yl) methyl-2-methyl-5-nitroimidazole-1-ethanol according to Example 4 the same manner as in Preparation α- (morpholino-1-yl) methyl-2-methyl-5-nitroimidazole-1-ethanol, except for using morpholine instead of 4-hydroxypiperidine, prepared by the present invention Compound 7. Proton nuclear magnetic resonance data: 1HNMR (CD3Cl) δ2.39 ~ 2.73 (6H, m) δ2.61 (3H, s) δ3.71 ~ 3.81 (4H, m) δ4.10 ~ 4.17 (2H, m) δ4

Jiangsu Hansoh Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.

NMR PREDICT

1H NMR PREDICT

13C NMR PREDICT

COSY

CN1810815B	Mar 8, 2006	Mar 16, 2011	陕西合成药业有限公司	Nitroimidazole derivative for treatment
CN1903846B	Aug 15, 2006	Jul 13, 2011	杨成	Ornidazole derivative used for therapy, its preparation method and use
CN100387233C	Jun 9, 2006	May 14, 2008	南京圣和药业有限公司	Use of levo morpholine nidazole for preparing medicine for antiparasitic infection
CN100427094C	Dec 13, 2005	Oct 22, 2008	江苏豪森药业股份有限公司	Usage of alpha-(Morpholin-1-base) methyl-2-methyl-5-azathio-1-alcohol in preparation of anti-trichomoniasis and anti-ameba medicines
CN100540549C	Dec 15, 2005	Sep 16, 2009	南京圣和药业有限公司	Alpha-substituted-2-methyl-5-nitro-diazole-1-alcohol derivative with optical activity
WO2007079653A1 *	Dec 25, 2006	Jul 19, 2007	Junda Cen	OPTICALLY PURE α-SUBSTITUTED 2-METHYL-5-NITROIMIDAZOLE-1-ETHANOL DERIVATIVES

ENZALUTAMIDE

August 5, 2015 7:11 am / 4 Comments on ENZALUTAMIDE

Enzalutamide, MDV-3100

MDV3100 is an orally bioavailable, organic, non-steroidal small molecule targeting the androgen receptor (AR) with potential antineoplastic activity. MDV3100 (Enzalutamide) blocks androgens from binding to the androgen receptor and prevents nuclear translocation and co-activator recruitment of the ligand-receptor complex. It also induces tumour cell apoptosis, and has no agonist activity. Early preclinical studies also suggest that MDV3100 inhibits breast cancer cell growth.

1H NMR FROM THE NET

1H NMR PREDICT AND 13 C NMR PREDICT BELOW

COSY PREDICT

Synthesis pics

……………………..

PATENT
http://www.google.com/patents/WO2015063720A1?cl=en

Enzalutamide is chemically described as 4-{3-[4-cyano-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl] -5 ,5 -dimethyl-4-oxo-2-sulfanylideneimidazolidin- 1 -yl } -2-fluoro-N-methylbenzamide of Formula I.

FORMULA I

Processes for the preparation of enzalutamide are described in U.S. Publication Nos. 2007/0004753 and 2007/0254933 and PCT Publication Nos. WO 2007/127010, WO 2006/124118, and WO 2011/106570.

PCT Publication No. WO 2011/106570 discloses that the processes described in U.S. Publication Nos. 2007/0004753 and 2007/0254933 result in a 25% yield of enzalutamide in the final step, which accounts for a 15% overall yield. PCT Publication No. WO 2011/106570 further discloses that the known processes for preparing enzalutamide involve the use of extremely toxic reagents, for example, acetone cyanohydrin.

Acetone cyanohydrin is toxic and therefore its use as a reagent should be avoided for industrial production of a pharmaceutical ingredient. Thus, there is a need in the art to develop a process for the preparation of enzalutamide that avoids the use of acetone cyanohydrin as a reagent

Example 6: Process for the preparation of Enzalutamide (Formula I)

Ethyl N-[3-fluoro-4-(methylcarbamoyl)-phenyl]-2-methylalaninate (Formula IV; 0.2 g) and 4-isothiocyanato 2-(triflouromethyl)-benzonitrile (Formula V; 0.33 g) were added to dimethyl sulfoxide (0.2 mL) and isopropyl acetate (0.4 mL) and heated to 90°C to 95°C. The reaction mixture was cooled to 70°C followed by the addition of methanol (0.4 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred for 2 hours. Isopropyl acetate (4 mL) was added to the reaction mixture followed by washing with water (4 mL). The organic layer was concentrated at 35°C under vacuum to obtain an oily residue which was further purified using silica gel column to obtain the title compound.

Yield: 0.2 g

…………………………

PAPER

J Med Chem 2010, 53(7): 2779

http://pubs.acs.org/doi/full/10.1021/jm901488g
A structure−activity relationship study was carried out on a series of thiohydantoins and their analogues 14 which led to the discovery of 92 (MDV3100) as the clinical candidate for the treatment of hormone refractory prostate cancer.

N-Methyl-4-[3-(4-cyano-3-trifluoromethylphenyl)-5,5-dimethyl-4-oxo-2-thioxoimidazolidin-1-yl]-2-fluorobenzamide, 92

………………………..and concentrated and the residue was purified with SiO2 column chromatography (dichloromethane/acetone, 95:5) to give92 (30 mg, 51%) as colorless crystals.

1H NMR (CDCl3, 400 MHz) δ 1.61 (s, 6H), 3.07 (d, 3H, J= 4.1 Hz), 6.71 (m, 1 H), 7.15 (dd, 1H, J = 11.7, 2.0 Hz), 7.24 (dd, 1H, J = 8.4, 2.0 Hz), 7.83 (dd, 1H, J = 8.2, 2.1 Hz), 7.95 (d, 1H, J = 2.1 Hz), 7.99 (d, 1H, J = 8.2 Hz), 8.28 (dd, 1H, J = 8.4, 8.4 Hz).

13C NMR (CDCl3, 125 MHz) δ 23.8, 26.9, 66.5, 110.3, 114.6, 117.7, 117.9, 121.7 (q, J = 272.3 Hz), 126.1, 126.9 (q, J = 4.6 Hz), 132.0, 133.3, 133.6 (q, J = 33.4 Hz), 135.2, 136.7, 138.9 (d, J = 10.8 Hz), 160.3 (d, J = 248.6 Hz), 162.6 (d, J = 3.3 Hz), 174.3, 179.6.

19F NMR (CDCl3, 100 MHz) δ −111.13, −62.58.

HRMS: found 465.1023 [M + H]+, calculated for [C21H16F4N4O2S + H]+ 465.1003.

COMPARISON OF 1H NMR KNOWN VALUES WITH PREDICTED —-KNOWN IN RED

REF

MEDIVATION PROSTATE THERAPEUTICS, INC.; JAIN, Rajendra, Parasmal; ANGELAUD, Remy; THOMPSON, Andrew; LAMBERSON, Carol; GREENFIELD, Scott Patent: WO2011/106570 A1, 2011 ; Location in patent: Page/Page column 46

Regents of the University of California Patent: US2007/254933 A1, 2007 ; Location in patent: Page/Page column 7 ;

WO2011/106570 A1,

J Med Chem 2010, 53(7): 2779

WO2013067151A1 *	Nov 1, 2012	May 10, 2013	Medivation Prostate Therapeutics, Inc.	Treatment methods using diarylthiohydantoin derivatives
WO2014041487A2 *	Sep 11, 2013	Mar 20, 2014	Dr. Reddy’s Laboratories Limited	Enzalutamide polymorphic forms and its preparation
WO2014066799A2 *	Oct 25, 2013	May 1, 2014	Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center	Modulators of resistant androgen receptor
WO2014167428A3 *	Mar 5, 2014	Feb 19, 2015	Shilpa Medicare Limited	Amorphous 4-(3-(4-cyano-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-5,5-dimethyl-4-oxo-2-thioxoimidazolidin-1-yl)-2-fluoro-n-methylbenzamide
EP2536708A2 *	Feb 16, 2011	Dec 26, 2012	Aragon Pharmaceuticals, Inc.	Androgen receptor modulators and uses thereof

Fine

From 2-fluoro-4-bromo – benzoic acid s-1, firstly the carboxylic acid is converted to acid chloride with SOCl2 s-2, and then methylamine to give the enamine compound s-3, and s-3 bromide aminoisobutyric acid Ullmann (Goldberg) in CuCl catalyzed reaction to give the compound s-4, followed by reaction of the carboxylic acid and methyl iodide to give the corresponding methyl ester compound s-5.
Aniline compound s-6 in the sulfur phosgene primary amine is converted to the isothiocyanate s-7.
Finally, the nitrogen atom of the compound s-5 attack isothiocyanate s-7, followed by transesterification ring closure to give the final Xtandi (Enzalutamide, uh miscellaneous Lu amine). Scheme: WO2011106570A1

//////////

Indian Generics 2016

August 4, 2015 7:18 am / Leave a comment

The generic APIs market is expected to continue to rise faster than the branded/innovative APIs, by 7.7%/year to reach $30.3 billion in 2016. Asia-Pacific is expected to show the fastest growth rates (10.8%/year). The 24 fastest growing markets will include 11 in Asia-Pacific, seven in Eastern Europe and CIS, four in Africa-Middle East and two in Latin America (Figure ).

Figure – Top growth markets for generic APIs to 2016

By 2016, China will account for 27.7% of the global generic API merchant market, while the US will have fallen to 23.8%; the mature markets as a whole will see their share fall from 41.8% in 2012 to 36.9%. India will be the third largest, with a 7.2% share.

सुकून उतना ही देना प्रभू, जितने से जिंदगी चल जाये।औकात बस इतनी देना,कि औरों का भला हो जाये।………..P.S. : The views expressed are my personal and in no-way suggest the views of the professional body or the company that I represent.

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Eisai’s lenvatinib 兰伐替尼レンバチニブ gets FDA approval

August 4, 2015 3:28 am / Leave a comment

Lenvatinib Mesilate

Eisai’s lenvatinib 兰伐替尼レンバチニブ

See synthesis at https://newdrugapprovals.org/2014/08/04/eisais-lenvatinib-%E5%85%B0%E4%BC%90%E6%9B%BF%E5%B0%BC-%E3%83%AC%E3%83%B3%E3%83%90%E3%83%81%E3%83%8B%E3%83%96-to-get-speedy-review-in-europe/

Above post contains SYNTHESIS, spectrocopy predicts, etc

February 13, 2015

Release

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration today granted approval to Lenvima (lenvatinib) to treat patients with progressive, differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) whose disease progressed despite receiving radioactive iodine therapy (radioactive iodine refractory disease).

The most common type of thyroid cancer, DTC is a cancerous growth of the thyroid gland which is located in the neck and helps regulate the body’s metabolism. The National Cancer Institute estimates that 62,980 Americans were diagnosed with thyroid cancer and 1,890 died from the disease in 2014. Lenvima is a kinase inhibitor, which works by blocking certain proteins from helping cancer cells grow and divide.

“The development of new therapies to assist patients with refractory disease is of high importance to the FDA,” said Richard Pazdur, M.D., director of the Office of Hematology and Oncology Products in the FDA’s Center for Drug Evaluation and Research. “Today’s approval gives patients and healthcare professionals a new therapy to help slow the progression of DTC.”

Lenvima was reviewed under the FDA’s priority review program, which provides for an expedited review of drugs that, if approved, would provide significant improvement in safety or effectiveness in the treatment of a serious condition. The drug also received orphan product designation because it is intended to treat a rare disease. Lenvima is being approved approximately two months ahead of the prescription drug user fee goal date of April 14, 2015, the date when the agency was scheduled to complete its review of the application.

Lenvima’s efficacy was demonstrated in 392 participants with progressive, radioactive iodine-refractory DTC who were randomly assigned to receive either Lenvima or a placebo. Study results showed Lenvima-treated participants lived a median of 18.3 months without their disease progressing (progression-free survival), compared to a median of 3.6 months for participants who received a placebo. Additionally, 65 percent of participants treated with Lenvima saw a reduction in tumor size, compared to the two percent of participants who received a placebo. A majority of participants randomly assigned to receive the placebo were treated with Lenvima upon disease progression.

The most common side effects of Lenvima were high blood pressure (hypertension), fatigue, diarrhea, joint and muscle pain (arthralgia/myalgia), decreased appetite, decreased weight, nausea, inflammation of the lining of the mouth (stomatitis), headache, vomiting, excess protein in the urine (proteinuria), swelling and pain in the palms, hands and/or the soles of the feet (palmar-plantar erythrodysesthesia syndrome), abdominal pain and changes in voice volume or quality (dysphonia).

Lenvima may cause serious side effects, including cardiac failure, blood clot formation (arterial thromboembolic events), liver damage (hepatotoxicity), kidney damage (renal failure and impairment), an opening in the wall of the stomach or intestines (gastrointestinal perforation) or an abnormal connection between two parts of the stomach or intestines (fistula formation), changes in the heart’s electrical activity (QT Interval Prolongation), low levels of calcium in the blood (hypocalcemia), the simultaneous occurrence of headache, confusion, seizures and visual changes (Reversible Posterior Leukoencephalopathy Syndrome), serious bleeding (hemorrhage), risks to an unborn child if a patient becomes pregnant during treatment, and impairing suppression of the production of thyroid-stimulating hormone.

Lenvima is marketed by Woodcliff Lake, New Jersey-based Eisai Inc.

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ORGANIC SPECTROSCOPY INTERNATIONAL HAS 2 LAKH VIEWS

August 3, 2015 8:19 am / 1 Comment on ORGANIC SPECTROSCOPY INTERNATIONAL HAS 2 LAKH VIEWS

ORGANIC SPECTROSCOPY INTERNATIONAL HAS 2 LAKH VIEWS

Read by one and all in academics and industry

link is ……http://orgspectroscopyint.blogspot.in/

I get minimum 1000 hits in a day and all across the world

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DACLATASVIR, 达拉他韦 , Даклатасвир , داكلاتاسفير ,

July 30, 2015 5:23 am / 1 Comment on DACLATASVIR, 达拉他韦 , Даклатасвир , داكلاتاسفير ,

Daclatasvir

BMS-790052,

EBP 883; BMS 790052

THERAPEUTIC CLAIM Treatment of hepatitis C

CHEMICAL NAMES

1. Carbamic acid, N,N’-[[1,1′-biphenyl]-4,4′-diylbis[1H-imidazole-5,2-diyl-(2S)-2,1-

pyrrolidinediyl[(1S)-1-(1-methylethyl)-2-oxo-2,1-ethanediyl]]]bis-, C,C’-dimethyl ester

2. dimethyl N,N’-(biphenyl-4,4′-diylbis{1H-imidazole-5,2-diyl-[(2S)-pyrrolidine-2,1-

diyl][(1S)-1-(1-methylethyl)-2-oxoethane-2,1-diyl]})dicarbamate

MF C40H50N8O6

MW 738.9

SPONSOR Bristol-Myers Squibb

CODE BMS-790052

CAS 1009119-64-5

SMILES:CC(C)C(C(=O)N1CCCC1C2=NC=C(N2)C3=CC=C(C=C3)C4=CC=C(C=C4)C5=CN=C(N5)C6CCCN6C(=O)C(C(C)C)NC(=O)OC)NC(=O)OC

UNII-LI2427F9CI

Activity: Treatment of Hepatitis C; HCV Drug; Treatment of HCV; Inhibitor of NS5A
Status: Launched 2014 (EU, Japan)
Originator: Bristol-Myers Squibb

NMR

http://www.medchemexpress.com/product_pdf/HY-10466/Daclatasvir-NMR-HY-10466-03482-2011.pdf

FDA APPROVAL……..July 24th, 2015

Daklinza (daclatasvir) is an NS5A inhibitor indicated for use in combination with sofosbuvir for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype 3 infection.

Daclatasvir dihydrochloride

1. Carbamic acid, N,N’-[[1,1′-biphenyl]-4,4′-diylbis[1H-imidazole-5,2-diyl-(2S)-2,1-

pyrrolidinediyl[(1S)-1-(1-methylethyl)-2-oxo-2,1-ethanediyl]]]bis-, C,C’-dimethyl ester,

hydrochloride (1:2)

2. dimethyl N,N’-(biphenyl-4,4′-diylbis{1H-imidazole-5,2-diyl-[(2S)-pyrrolidine-2,1-

diyl][(1S)-1-(1-methylethyl)-2-oxoethane-2,1-diyl]})dicarbamate dihydrochloride

MF C40H50N8O6 . 2 HCl, MW 811.8

SPONSOR Bristol-Myers Squibb

CODE BMS-790052-05

CAS 1009119-65-6

Daclatasvir (USAN^[1]) (formerly BMS-790052, trade name Daklinza) is a drug for the treatment of hepatitis C (HCV). It is was developed by Bristol-Myers Squibb and was approved in Europe on 22 August 2014.

Daclatasvir inhibits the HCV nonstructural protein NS5A.^[2]^[3] Recent research suggests that it targets two steps of the viral replication process, enabling rapid decline of HCV RNA.^[4]

Daclatasvir has been tested in combination regimens with pegylated interferon and ribavirin,^[5] as well as with other direct-acting antiviral agents including asunaprevir^[6]^[7]^[8]^[9] and sofosbuvir.^[10]^[11]

It is on the World Health Organization’s List of Essential Medicines, a list of the most important medications needed in a basic health system.^[12]

ChemSpider 2D Image | Daclatasvir | C40H50N8O6

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a major global health problem, with an estimated 150-200 million people infected worldwide, including at least 5 million in Europe (Pawlotsky, Trends Microbiol, 2004, 12: 96-102). According to the World Health Organization, 3 to 4 million new infections occur each year. The infection is often asymptomatic; however, the majority of HCV-infected individuals develop chronic infection (Hoof agle, Hepatology, 2002, 36: S21-S29; Lauer et al, N. Engl. J. Med., 2001, 345: 41-52; Seeff, Semin. Gastrointest., 1995, 6: 20-27). Chronic infection frequently results in serious liver disease, including fibrosis and steatosis (Chisari, Nature, 2005, 435: 930-932).

About 20% of patients with chronic HCV infection develop liver cirrhosis, which progresses to hepatocellular carcinoma in 5% of the cases (Hoofnagle, Hepatology, 2002, 36: S21-S29; Blonski et al, Clin. Liver Dis., 2008, 12: 661-674; Jacobson et al, Clin. Gastroenterol. Hepatol, 2010, 8: 924-933; Castello et al., Clin. Immunol, 2010, 134: 237-250; McGivern et al., Oncogene, 2011, 30: 1969-1983).

Chronic HCV infection is the leading indication for liver transplantations (Seeff et al., Hepatology, 2002, 36: 1-2). Unfortunately, liver transplantation is not a cure for hepatitis C; viral recurrence being an invariable problem and the leading cause of graft loss (Brown, Nature, 2005, 436: 973-978; Watt et al, Am. J. Transplant, 2009, 9: 1707-1713). No vaccine protecting against HCV is yet available. Current therapies include administration of ribavirin and/or interferon-alpha (IFN-Cc), two non-specific anti-viral agents.

Using a combination treatment of pegylated IFN-CC and ribavirin, persistent clearance is achieved in about 50% of patients with genotype 1 chronic hepatitis C. However, a large number of patients have contraindications to one of the components of the combination; cannot tolerate the treatment; do not respond to interferon therapy at all; or experience a relapse when administration is stopped. In addition to limited efficacy and substantial side effects such as neutropenia, haemo lytic anemia and severe depression, current antiviral therapies are also characterized by high cost.

To improve efficacy of standard of care (SOC), a large number of direct acting antivirals (DAAs) targeting viral polyprotein processing and replication have been developed (Hofmann et al, Nat. Rev; Gastroenterol. Hepatol., 2011, 8: 257-264). These include small molecule compounds targeting HCV nonstructural proteins including the HCV protease, polymerase and NS5A protein.

Although a marked improvement of antiviral response was observed when protease inhibitors were combined with SOC (Hofmann et al, Nat. Rev; Gastroenterol. Hepatol, 2011, 8: 257-264; Bacon et al, New Engl. J. Med., 2011, 364: 1207-1217; McHutchison et al, New Engl. J. Med., 2010, 362: 1292-1303; Poordad et al, New Engl. J. Med., 201 1, 364: 1195-1206; Hezode et al, New Engl. J. Med., 2009, 360: 1839-1850; Kwo et al, Lancet, 2010, 376: 705-716), toxicity of the individual compounds and rapid development of viral resistance in a substantial fraction of patients remain major challenges (Pawlotsky, Hepatology, 2011, 53: 1742-1751; Pereira et al, Nat. Rev. Gastroenterol. Hepatol., 2009, 6: 403-411; Sarrazin et al, Gastroenterol., 2010, 138: 447-462).

New therapeutic approaches against HCV are therefore still needed. HCV entry into target cells is a promising target for antiviral preventive and therapeutic strategies since it is essential for initiation, spread, and maintenance of infection (Timpe et al, Gut, 2008, 57: 1728-1737; Zeisel et al, Hepatology, 2008, 48: 299-307). Indeed, HCV initiates infection by attaching to molecules or receptors on the surface of hepatocytes.

Current evidence suggests that HCV entry is a multistep process involving several host factors including heparan sulfate (Barth et al, J. Biol. Chem., 2003, 278: 41003-41012), the tetraspanin CD81 (Pileri et al, Science, 1998, 282: 938-941), the scavenger receptor class B type I (SR-BI) (Zeisel et al, Hepatology, 2007, 46: 1722-1731; Bartosch et al, J. Exp. Med., 2003, 197: 633-642; Grove et al, J. Virol, 2007, 81 : 3162-3169; Kapadia et al, J. Virol, 2007, 81 : 374- 383; Scarselli et al, EMBO J., 2002, 21 : 5017-5025), Occludin (Ploss et al, Nature, 2009, 457: 882-886) and Claudin-1 (CLDN1), an integral membrane protein and a component of tight-junction strands (Evans et al, Nature, 2007, 446: 801-805).

Furthermore, Niemann-Pick CI -like cholesterol absorption receptor has been identified as a new hepatitis C virus entry factor (Sainz et al, Nature Medicine, 2012, 18: 281-285).

Daclatasvir (BMS-790052; EBP 883) is a first-in-class, highly-selective oral HCV NS5A inhibitor. NS5A is an essential component for hepatitis C virus (HCV) replication complex.Daclatasvir (BMS-790052; EBP 883)has broad genotype coverage and exhibits picomolar in vitro potency against genotypes 1a (EC50 50pm) and 1b (EC50 9pm).Daclatasvir (BMS-790052; EBP 883) produces a robust decline in HCV RNA (-3.6 logs after 48 hours from a single 100 mg) dosefollowing a single dose in patients chronically infected with HCV genotype 1.

It may be many years before the symptoms of hepatitis C infection appear. However, once they do, the consequences are significant: patients may have developed fibrosis, cirrhosis or even liver cancer, with the end result being liver failure. Even if diagnosed early, there’s no guarantee of a cure.

Only around half of patients respond to the standard therapy of an interferon plus the antiviral drug ribavirin, and while two add-on antiviral therapies were approved in 2011, the treatment period is long with no guarantee of a cure, and for non-responders treatment options remain limited.

A new drug with a different mechanism is being developed by Bristol-Myers Squibb, in conjunction with Pharmasset. Daclatasvir targets non-structural protein 5A, which is an important component of the viral replication process, although its precise role in this remains unclear. The drug is active in single oral doses, and may have potential as part of a treatment regimen that avoids the use of interferon, and in patients who do not respond to standard therapy.

In an open label Phase IIa study, 10 patients with chronic hepatitis C genotype 1b infection who did not respond to standard therapy were given daclatasvir in once daily 60mg doses, plus another experimental drug, BMS-790052, which is an NSP 3 protease inhibitor, in initial twice-daily 600mg doses, later reduced to 200mg twice a day.2 Nine patients completed 24 weeks of treatment, with the 10th discontinuing after 10 weeks. In those who completed the course, HCV RNA was undetectable at week 8, and remained so until the end of the trial, with all achieving a sustained virologic response. It was also undetectable post-treatment in the patient who discontinued.

Daclatasvir has also been investigated as monotherapy in a double blind, placebo-controlled, sequential panel, multiple ascending dose study.3 Thirty patients with chronic geno-type 1 hepatitis C infection were randomised to receive a 14 day course of the drug, in once daily doses of 1, 10, 30, 60 or 100mg, 30mg twice a day, or placebo. There was no evidence of antiviral activity in the placebo group, but the mean maximum decline of 2.8 to 4.1 log IU/ml. Most experienced viral rebound on or before day 7 of treatment, which was associated with viral variants that had previously been implicated in resistance development. It was well tolerated in all dose groups.

M. Gao et al. Nature 2010, 465, 96

22/11/2013

EUROPEAN MEDICINES AGENCY ADVISES ON COMPASSIONATE USE OF DACLATASVIR

Opinion concerns use in combination with sofosbuvir in patients with chronic hepatitis C in urgent need of therapy to prevent progression of liver disease

The European Medicines Agency’s Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use(CHMP) has given an opinion on the use of daclatasvir in combination with sofosbuvir in the treatment of chronic (long-term) hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, in a compassionate-use programme.

Compassionate-use programmes are set up at the level of individual Member States. They are intended to give patients with a life-threatening, long-lasting or seriously disabling disease with no available treatment options access to treatments that are still under development and that have not yet received amarketing authorisation. In this specific case, Sweden has requested an opinion from the CHMP on the conditions under which early access through compassionate use could be given to daclatasvir, for the use in combination with sofosbuvir, with or without ribavirin, for a specific patient population.

The recommended compassionate use is intended for adult patients at a high risk of their liver being no longer able to function normally (decompensation) or death within 12 months if left untreated, and who have a genotype 1 infection. Further, it is recognised that the potential benefit of such combination therapy may extend to patients infected with other HCV genotypes.

Daclatasvir and sofosbuvir are both first-in-class anti-viral medicines against HCV. These medicines have been studied in combination, with or without ribavirin, in aclinical trial which included treatment-naive (previously untreated) HCV genotype-1, -2 and -3 infected patients, as well as patients with genotype 1 infection who have previously failed telaprevir or boceprevir treatment. Results from the trial indicate high efficacy, also in those who have failed treatment with these protease inhibitors. Many such patients have very advanced liver disease and are in urgent need of effective therapy in order to cease the progression of liver injury.

This is the second opinion provided by the CHMP on compassionate use of medicines in development for the treatment of hepatitis C. Overall, it isthe fourth time compassionate use has been assessed by the CHMP.

The aim of the CHMP assessment and opinion on a compassionate-use programme for new medicinal products is to ensure a common approach, whenever possible, regarding the criteria and conditions of use under Member States’ legislation. The opinion provides recommendations to the EU Member States that are considering setting up such a programme, and its implementation is not mandatory. In addition to describing which patients may benefit from the medicine, it explains how to use it and gives information on safety.

The assessment report and conditions of use of daclatasvir in combination with sofosbuvir with or without ribavirin in this setting will be published shortly on the Agency’s website.

Notes

The first compassionate-use opinion for a hepatitis C treatment was adopted by the CHMP in October 2013.
Sofosbuvir, which is part of this compassionate-use opinion, received a positive opinion from the CHMP recommending granting of a marketing authorisation at its November 2013 meeting.
Daclatasvir is developed by Bristol-Myers Squibb and sofosbuvir is developed by Gilead.

US2012004196	1-6-2012	Anti-Viral Compounds
US2009041716	2-13-2009	CRYSTALLINE FORM OF METHYL ((1S)-1-(((2S) -2-(5-(4′-(2-((2S)-1((2S)-2-((METHOXYCARBONYL)AMINO)-3-METHYLBUTANOYL)-2-PYRROLIDINYL) -1H-IMIDAZOL-5-YL)-4-BIPHENYLYL)-1H-IMIDAZOL-2-YL)-1-PYRROLIDINYL)CARBONYL) -2-METHYLPROPYL)CARBAMATE DIHYDROCHLORIDE SALT

Synthesis

Daclatasvir dihydrochloride (Daklinza)

Daclatasvir dihydrochloride is a hepatitis C virus nonstructural 5A (NS5A) replication complex inhibitor which was first approved in Japan for the treatment of genotype 1 HCV patients who fail to respond to interferon plus ribavirin. The drug has also been approved for patients with untreated, chronic HCV who are eligible for interferon. Additionally, in Europe, daclatasvir was approved for use in combination with other products across genotype 1–4 HCV. Daclatasvir was discovered and developed by Bristol–Myers Squibb and a fascinating account describing the initiation of the program from a phenotypic screen and the medicinal chemistry strategy leading to the discovery of the compound has been recently reported.80 Daclatasvir has been prepared via two different routes81,82 and the process route is outlined in Scheme 11.83 Bromination of commercial 4,40-diacetylbiphenyl (58) gave 4,40-bis(bromoacetyl)biphenyl 59 in 82% yield. Alkylation of NBoc- L-proline (60) with 59 gave diester 61 which was treated with ammonium acetate to effect cyclization of the bis-ketoester to provide bis-imidazole 62 in 63% yield for the two steps. Acidic removal of the Boc protecting groups followed by recrystallization provided bis-pyrrolidine 63 in high yield. Acylation of 63 with N-(methoxycarbonyl)- L-valine (64) using N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-N0-ethylcarbodiimide(EDC) and 1-hydroxybenxotriazole hydrate (HOBT) provided declatasvir. The dihydrochloride salt was prepared and treated with Cuno Zet Carbon followed by crystallization from acetone

to give daclatasvir dihydrochloride (IX) in 74% yield.

80 Belema, M.; Meanwell, N. A. J. Med. Chem. 2014, 57, 5057.

81. Bachand, C.; Belema, M.; Deon, D. H.; Good, A. C.; Goodrich, J.; James, C. A.;

Lavoie, R.; Lopez, O. D.; Martel, A.; Meanwell, N. A.; Nguyen, V. N.; Romine, J.

L.; Ruediger, E. H.; Snyder, L. B.; St. Laurent, D. R.; Yang, F.; Langley, D. R.;

Wang, G.; Hamann, L. G. WO Patent 2008021927A2, 2008.

82. Belema, M.; Nguyen, V. N.; Bachand, C.; Deon, D. H.; Goodrich, J. T.; James, C.

A.; Lavoie, R.; Lopez, O. D.; Martel, A.; Romine, J. L.; Ruediger, E. H.; Snyder, L.

B.; St Laurent, D. R.; Yang, F.; Zhu, J.; Wong, H. S.; Langley, D. R.; Adams, S. P.;

Cantor, G. H.; Chimalakonda, A.; Fura, A.; Johnson, B. M.; Knipe, J. O.; Parker, D.

D.; Santone, K. S.; Fridell, R. A.; Lemm, J. A.; O’Boyle, D. R., 2nd; Colonno, R. J.;

Gao, M.; Meanwell, N. A.; Hamann, L. G. J. Med. Chem. 2014, 57, 2013.

83. Pack, S. K.; Geng, P.; Smith, M. J.; Hamm, J. WO Patent 2009020825A1, 2009.

PATENT

US20090041716

https://www.google.co.in/patents/US20090041716?pg=PA1&dq=us+2009041716&hl=en&sa=X&ei=3ki4Uo-jEsTirAfzwoHQBQ&ved=0CD4Q6AEwAQ

EXAMPLES

A 1 L, 3-neck round bottom flask, fitted with a nitrogen line, overhead stirrer and thermocouple, was charged with 20 g (83.9 mmol, 1 equiv) 1,1′-(biphenyl-4,4′-diyl)diethanone, 200 mL CH₂Cl₂and 8.7 mL (27.1 g, 169.3 mmol, 2.02 quiv) bromine. The mixture was allowed to stir under nitrogen for about 20 hours under ambient conditions. The resulting slurry was charged with 200 mL CH₂Cl₂and concentrated down to about 150 mL via vacuum distillation. The slurry was then solvent exchanged into THF to a target volume of 200 mL via vacuum distillation. The slurry was cooled to 20-25° C. over 1 hour and allowed to stir at 20-25° C. for an additional hour. The off-white crystalline solids were filtered and washed with 150 mL CH₂Cl₂. The product was dried under vacuum at 60° C. to yield 27.4 g (69.2 mmol, 82%) of the desired product : ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 7.95-7.85 (m, 4H), 7.60-7.50 (m, 4H), 4.26 (s, 4H); ¹³C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl₃) 6 191.0, 145.1, 133.8, 129.9, 127.9, 30.8; IR (KBr, cm−1) 3007, 2950, 1691, 1599, 1199; Anal calcd for C₁₆H₁₂Br₂O₂: C, 48.52; H, 3.05; Br, 40.34. Found: C, 48.53; H, 3.03; Br, 40.53 HRMS calcd for C₁₆H₁₃Br₂O₂(M+H; DCI⁺): 394.9282. Found: 394.9292. mp 224-226° C.

A 500 mL jacketed flask, fitted with a nitrogen line, thermocouple and overhead stirrer, was charged with 20 g (50.5 mmol, 1 equiv) of Compound 2, 22.8 g (105.9 moles, 2.10 equiv) 1-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)-L-proline and 200 mL acetonitrile. The slurry was cooled to 20° C. followed by the addition of 18.2 mL (13.5 g, 104.4 mmol, 2.07 equiv) DIPEA. The slurry was warmed to 25° C. and allowed to stir for 3 hours. The resulting clear, organic solution was washed with 3×100 mL 13 wt % aqueous NaCl. The rich acetonitrile solution was solvent exchanged into toluene (target volume=215 mL) by vacuum distillation until there was less than 0.5 vol % acetonitrile.

The toluene solution of Compound 3 was charged with 78 g (1.011 moles, 20 equiv) ammonium acetate and heated to 95-100° C. The mixture was allowed to stir at 95-100° C. for 15 hours. After reaction completion, the mixture was cooled to 70-80° C. and charged with 7 mL acetic acid, 40 mL n-butanol, and 80 mL of 5 vol % aqueous acetic acid. The resulting biphasic solution was split while maintaining a temperature >50° C. The rich organic phase was charged with 80 mL of 5 vol % aqueous acetic acid, 30 mL acetic acid and 20 mL n-butanol while maintaining a temperature >50° C. The resulting biphasic solution was split while maintaining a temperature >50° C. and the rich organic phase was washed with an additional 80 mL of 5 vol % aqueous acetic acid. The rich organic phase was then solvent exchanged into toluene to a target volume of 215 mL by vacuum distillation. While maintaining a temperature >60° C., 64 mL methanol was charged. The resulting slurry was heated to 70-75° C. and aged for 1 hour. The slurry was cooled to 20-25° C. over 1 hour and aged at that temperature for an additional hour. The slurry was filtered and the cake was washed with 200 mL 10:3 toluene:methanol. The product was dried under vacuum at 70° C., resulting in 19.8 g (31.7 mmol, 63%) of the desired product: ¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ 13.00-11.00 (s, 2H), 7.90-7.75 (m, 4H), 7.75-7.60 (m, 4H), 7.60-7.30 (s, 2H), 4.92-4.72 (m, 2H), 3.65-3.49 (m, 2H), 3.49-3.28 (m, 2H), 2.39-2.1 (m, 2H), 2.10-1.87 (m, 6H), 1.60-1.33 (s, 8H), 1.33-1.07 (s, 10H); ¹³C NMR (100 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ 154.1, 153.8, 137.5, 126.6, 125.0, 78.9, 78.5, 55.6, 55.0, 47.0, 46.7, 33.7, 32.2, 28.5, 28.2, 24.2, 23.5; IR (KBr, cm−1) 2975, 2876, 1663, 1407, 1156, 1125; HRMS calcd for C₃₆H₄₅N₆O₄(M+H; ESI⁺): 625.3502. Found: 625.3502. mp 190-195° C. (decomposed).

To a 250 mL reactor equipped with a nitrogen line and overhead stirrer, 25.0 g of Compound 4 (40.01 mmol, 1 equiv) was charged followed by 250 mL methanol and 32.85 mL (400.1 mmol, 10 equiv) 6M aqueous HCl. The temperature was increased to 50° C. and agitated at 50° C. for 5 hours. The resulting slurry was cooled to 20-25° C. and held with agitation for about 18 hours. Filtration of the slurry afforded a solid which was washed successively with 100 mL 90% methanol/water (V/V) and 2×100 mL of methanol. The wet cake was dried in a vacuum oven at 50° C. overnight to give 18.12 g (31.8 mmol, 79.4%) of the desired product.

Recrystallization of Compound 5

To a 250 mL reactor equipped with a nitrogen line and an overhead stirrer, 17.8 g of Compound 5 from above was charged followed by 72 mL methanol. The resulting slurry was agitated at 50° C. for 4 hours, cooled to 20-25° C. and held with agitation at 20-25° C. for 1 hour. Filtration of the slurry afforded a crystalline solid which was washed with 60 mL methanol. The resulting wet cake was dried in a vacuum oven at 50° C. for 4 days to yield 14.7 g (25.7 mmol, 82.6%) of the purified product: ¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ 10.5-10.25 (br, 2H), 10.1-9.75 (br, 2H), 8.19 (s, 2H), 7.05 (d, J=8.4, 4H), 7.92 (d, J=8.5, 4H), 5.06 (m, 2H), 3.5-3.35 (m, 4H), 2.6-2.3 (m, 4H), 2.25-2.15 (m, 2H), 2.18-1.96 (m, 2H); ¹³C NMR (100 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ 156.6, 142.5, 139.3, 128.1, 127.5, 126.1, 116.9, 53.2, 45.8, 29.8, 24.3; IR (KBr, cm⁻¹) 3429, 2627, 1636, 1567, 1493, 1428, 1028. Anal calcd for C₂₆H₃₂N₆Cl₄: C, 54.75; H, 5.65; Cl, 24.86; Adjusted for 1.9% water: C, 53.71; H, 5.76; N, 14.46; Cl, 24.39. Found: C, 53.74; H, 5.72; N, 14.50; Cl, 24.49; KF=1.9. mp 240° C. (decomposed).

A 1 L jacketed flask equipped with a nitrogen line and an overhead stirrer was sequentially charged with 100 mL acetonitrile, 13.69 g (89.4 mmol, 2.5 equiv) hydroxybenzotriazole hydrate, 15.07 g (86 mmol, 2.4 equiv) N-(methoxycarbonyl)-L-valine, 16.46 g (85.9 mmol, 2.4 equiv) 1-(3-dimethyaminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride and an additional 100 mL acetonitrile. The resulting solution was agitated at 20° C. for 1 hour and charged with 20.4 g (35.8 mmol, 1 equiv) of purified Compound 5. The slurry was cooled to about 0° C. and 18.47 g (142.9 mmol, 4 equiv) diisopropylethylamine was added over 30 minutes while maintaining a temperature below 10° C. The solution was slowly heated to 15° C. over 3 hours and held at 15° C. for 12 hours. The resulting solution was charged with 120 mL 13 wt % aqueous NaCl and heated to 50° C. for 1 hour. After cooling to 20° C., 100 mL of isopropyl acetate was added. The biphasic solution was filtered through a 0.45 μm filter and the mixture split. The rich organic phase was washed with 2×240 mL of a 0.5 N NaOH solution containing 13 wt % NaCl followed by 120 mL 13 wt % aqueous NaCl. The mixture was then solvent exchanged into isopropyl acetate by vacuum distillation with a target volume of 400 mL. The resulting hazy solution was cooled to 20° C. and filtered through a 0.45 μm filter. The clear solution was then solvent exchanged into ethanol by vacuum distillation with a target volume of 140 mL. While maintaining a temperature of 50° C., 66.4 mL (82.3 mmol, 2.3 equiv) of 1.24M HCl in ethanol was added. The mixture was then charged with 33 mg (0.04 mmol, 0.001 equiv) of seed crystals of Compound (I) (see preparation below) and the resulting slurry was stirred at 50° C. for 3 hours. The mixture was cooled to 20° C. over 1 hour and aged at that temperature for an additional 22 hours. The slurry was filtered and the wet cake was washed with 100 mL of 2:1 acetone:ethanol. The solids were dried in a vacuum oven at 70° C. to give 22.15 g (27.3 mmol, 76.3%) of the desired product.

A solution of Compound (I) was prepared by dissolving 3.17 g of Compound (I) from above in 22 mL methanol. The solution was passed through a 47 mm Cuno Zeta Carbon® 53SP filter at ˜5 psig at a flow rate of ˜58 mL/min. The carbon filter was rinsed with 32 mL of methanol. The solution was concentrated down to 16 mL by vacuum distillation. While maintaining a temperature of 40-50° C., 15.9 mL acetone and 5 mg of seed crystals of Compound (I) (see procedure below) were added. The resulting slurry was then charged with 32 mL acetone over 30 minutes. The slurry was held at 50° C. for 2 hours, cooled to 20° C. over about 1 hour and held at 20° C. for about 20 hours. The solids were filtered, washed with 16 mL 2:1 acetone:methanol and dried in a vacuum oven at 60° C. to give 2.14 g (67.5%) of purified Compound (I):

¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d₆, 80° C.): 8.02 (d, J=8.34 Hz, 4 H), 7.97 (s, 2 H), 7.86 (d, J=8.34 Hz, 4 H), 6.75 (s, 2 H), 5.27 (t, J=6.44 Hz, 2 H), 4.17 (t, J=6.95 Hz, 2 H), 3.97-4.11 (m, 2 H), 3.74-3.90 (m, 2 H), 3.57 (s, 6 H), 2.32-2.46 (m, 2 H), 2.09-2.31 (m, 6 H), 1.91-2.07 (m, 2 H), 0.88 (d, J=6.57 Hz, 6 H), 0.79 (d, J=6.32 Hz, 6 H);

¹³C NMR (75 MHz, DMSO-d₆): δ 170.9, 156.9, 149.3, 139.1, 131.7, 127.1, 126.5, 125.9, 115.0, 57.9, 52.8, 51.5, 47.2, 31.1, 28.9, 24.9, 19.6, 17.7;

IR (neat, cm⁻¹): 3385, 2971, 2873, 2669, 1731, 1650.

Anal. Calcd for C₄₀H₅₂N₈O₆Cl₂: C, 59.18; H, 6.45; N, 13.80; Cl, 8.73. Found C, 59.98; H, 6.80; N, 13.68; Cl, 8.77. mp 267° C. (decomposed).

Preparation of Seed Crystals of Compound (I)

A 250 mL round-bottom flask was charged with 6.0 g (10.5 mmol, 1 equiv) Compound 5, 3.87 g (22.1 mmol, 2.1 equiv) N-(methoxycarbonyl)-L-valine, 4.45 g (23.2 mmol, 2.2 equiv) 1-(3-dimethyaminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride, 0.289 g (2.14 mmol, 0.2 equiv) 1-hydroxybenzotriazole, and 30 mL acetonitrile. The resulting slurry was then charged with 7.33 mL (42.03 mmol, 4 equiv) diisopropylethylamine and allowed to stir at 24-30° C. for about 18 hours. The mixture was charged with 6 mL of water and heated to 50° C. for about 5 hours. The mixture was cooled and charged with 32 mL ethyl acetate and 30 mL water. The layers were separated and the rich organic layer was washed with 30 mL of 10 wt % aqueous NaHCO₃, 30 mL water, and 20 mL of 10 wt % aqueous NaCl. The rich organic layer was then dried over MgSO₄, filtered, and concentrated down to a residue. The crude material was then purified via flash chromatography (silica gel, 0-10% methanol in dichloromethane) to provide the free base of Compound (I).

The free-base of Compound (I) (0.03 g) was dissolved in 1 mL isopropanol at 20° C. Anhydrous HCl (70 μL, dissolved in ethanol, approximately 1.25M concentration) was added and the reaction mixture was stirred. To the solution was added methyl tert-butyl ether (1 mL) and the resulting slurry was stirred vigorously at 40° C. to 50° C. for 12 hours. The crystal slurry was cooled to 20° C. and filtered. The wet cake was air-dried at 20° C. A white crystalline solid (Form N-2 of Compound (I)) was obtained.

Clip
Daclatasvir synthesis: WO2009020828A1

Procedure:

Step a: A 1 L, 3 -neck round bottom flask, fitted with a nitrogen line, overhead stirrer and thermocouple, was charged with 20 g (83.9 mmol, 1 equiv) 1,1′-(biphenyl-4,4′-diyl)diethanone, 200 mL Dichloromethane and 8.7 mL (27.1g, 169.3 mmol, 2.02 equiv) bromine. The mixture was allowed to stir under nitrogen for about 20 hours under ambient conditions. The resulting slurry was charged with 200 mL Dichloromethane and concentrated down to about 150 mL via vacuum distillation. The slurry was then solvent exchanged into THF to a target volume of 200 mL via vacuum distillation. The slurry was cooled to 20-25 ⁰C over 1 hour and allowed to stir at 20-25 ⁰C for an additional hour. The off-white crystalline solids were filtered and washed with 150 mL Dichloromethane. The product was dried under vacuum at 60 0C to yield 27.4 g (69.2 mmol, 82%) of the desired product: 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) d 7.95-7.85 (m, 4H), 7.60-7.50 (m, 4H), 4.26 (s, 4H); 13C NMR 100 MHz, CDCl3) d 191.0, 145.1, 133.8, 129.9, 127.9, 30.8; IR (KBr, cm-1) 3007, 2950, 1691, 1599, 1199; Anal calcd for C16H12Br2O2: C, 48.52; H, 3.05; Br, 40.34. Found: C, 48.53; H, 3.03; Br, 40.53. HRMS calcd for C16H12Br2O2 (M + H; DCI+): 394.9282. Found: 394.9292. mp 224-226 0C.

Step b: A 500 mL jacketed flask, fitted with a nitrogen line, thermocouple and overhead stirrer, was charged with 20 g (50.5 mmol, 1 equiv) of Compound 2, 22.8 g (105.9 moles, 2.10 equiv) 1-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)-L-proline and 200 mL acetonitrile. The slurry was cooled to 20 ⁰C followed by the addition of 18.2 mL (13.5 g, 104.4 mmol, 2.07 equiv) DIPEA. The slurry was warmed to 25 ⁰C and allowed to stir for 3 hours. The resulting clear, organic solution was washed with 3 x 100 mL 13 wt% aqueous NaCl. The rich acetonitrile solution was solvent exchanged into toluene (target volume = 215 mL) by vacuum distillation until there was less than 0.5 vol% acetonitrile.

Step c: The toluene solution of Compound 3 was charged with 78 g (1.011 moles, 20 equiv) ammonium acetate and heated to 95-100 ⁰C. The mixture was allowed to stir at 95-100 ⁰C for 15 hours. After reaction completion, the mixture was cooled to 70- 80 ⁰C and charged with 7 mL acetic acid, 40 mL n-butanol, and 80 mL of 5 vol% aqueous acetic acid. The resulting biphasic solution was split while maintaining a temperature > 50 ⁰C. The rich organic phase was charged with 80 mL of 5 vol% aqueous acetic acid, 30 mL acetic acid and 20 mL n-butanol while maintaining a temperature > 50 ⁰C. The resulting biphasic solution was split while maintaining a temperature > 50 ⁰C and the rich organic phase was washed with an additional 80 mL of 5 vol% aqueous acetic acid. The rich organic phase was then solvent exchanged into toluene to a target volume of 215 mL by vacuum distillation. While maintaining a temperature > 60 ⁰C, 64 mL methanol was charged. The resulting slurry was heated to 70-75 0C and aged for 1 hour. The slurry was cooled to 20-25 ⁰C over 1 hour and aged at that temperature for an additional hour. The slurry was filtered and the cake was washed with 200 mL 10:3 toluene:methanol. The product was dried under vacuum at 70 ⁰C, resulting in 19.8 g (31.7 mmol, 63%) of the desired product: 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-^) d 13.00-11.00 (s, 2H), 7.90-7.75 (m, 4H), 7.75-7.60 (m, 4H), 7.60-7.30 (s, 2H), 4.92-4.72 (m, 2H), 3.65-3.49 (m, 2H), 3.49-3.28 (m, 2H), 2.39-2.1 (m, 2H), 2.10-1.87 (m, 6H), 1.60-1.33 (s, 8H), 1.33-1.07 (s, 10H); 13C NMR (100 MHz, DMSO-?fe) d 154.1, 153.8, 137.5, 126.6, 125.0, 78.9, 78.5, 55.6, 55.0, 47.0, 46.7, 33.7, 32.2, 28.5, 28.2, 24.2, 23.5; IR (KBr, cm-1) 2975, 2876, 1663, 1407, 1156, 1125; HRMS calcd for C36H45N6O4 (M + H; ESI+): 625.3502. Found: 625.3502. mp 190-195 0C (decomposed).

Step d: To a 250 mL reactor equipped with a nitrogen line and overhead stirrer, 25.0 g of Compound 4 (40.01 mmol, 1 equiv) was charged followed by 250 mL methanol and 32.85 mL (400.1 mmol, 10 equiv) 6M aqueous HCl. The temperature was increased to 50 ⁰C and agitated at 50 ⁰C for 5 hours. The resulting slurry was cooled to 20-25 ⁰C and held with agitation for about 18 hours. Filtration of the slurry afforded a solid which was washed successively with 100 mL 90% methanoI/water (WV) and 2 x 100 mL of methanol. The wet cake was dried in a vacuum oven at 50 ⁰C overnight to give 18.12 g (31.8 mmol, 79.4%) of the desired product.

CUT PASTE…….WO2009020825

Preparation of Compound (I)

A 1 L jacketed flask equipped with a nitrogen line and an overhead stirrer was sequentially charged with 100 mL acetonitrile, 13.69 g (89.4 mmol, 2.5 equiv) hydroxybenzotriazole hydrate, 15.07 g (86 mmol, 2.4 equiv) N-(methoxycarbonyl)- L-valine, 16.46 g (85.9 mmol, 2.4 equiv) l-(3-dimethyaminopropyl)-3- ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride and an additional 100 mL acetonitrile. The resulting solution was agitated at 20 ⁰C for 1 hour and charged with 20.4 g (35.8 mmol, 1 equiv) of purified Compound 7. The slurry was cooled to about 0 ⁰C and 18.47 g (142.9 mmol, 4 equiv) diisopropylethylamine was added over 30 minutes while maintaining a temperature below 10 ⁰C. The solution was slowly heated to 15 ⁰C over 3 hours and held at 15 ⁰C for 12 hours. The resulting solution was charged with 120 mL 13 wt% aqueous NaCl and heated to 50 ⁰C for 1 hour. After cooling to 20 ⁰C, 100 mL of isopropyl acetate was added. The biphasic solution was filtered through a 0.45 μm filter and the mixture split. The rich organic phase was washed with 2 x 240 mL of a 0.5 Ν NaOH solution containing 13 wt% NaCl followed by 120 mL 13 wt% aqueous NaCl. The mixture was then solvent exchanged into isopropyl acetate by vacuum distillation with a target volume of 400 mL. The resulting hazy solution was cooled to 20 ⁰C and filtered through a 0.45 μm filter. The clear solution was then solvent exchanged into ethanol by vacuum distillation with a target volume of 140 mL. While maintaining a temperature of 50 ⁰C, 66.4 mL (82.3 mmol, 2.3 equiv) of 1.24M HCl in ethanol was added. The mixture was then charged with 33 mg (0.04 mmol, 0.001 equiv) of seed crystals of Compound (I) (see preparation below) and the resulting slurry was stirred at 50 ⁰C for 3 hours. The mixture was cooled to 20 ⁰C over 1 hour and aged at that temperature for an additional 22 hours. The slurry was filtered and the wet cake was washed with 100 mL of 2: 1 acetone:ethanol. The solids were dried in a vacuum oven at 70 ⁰C to give 22.15 g (27.3 mmol, 76.3%) of the desired product.

Alternative Preparation of Compound (I)

A jacketed reactor equipped with a mechanical agitator, a thermocouple and a nitrogen inlet was sequentially charged with 10 L acetonitrile, 0.671 kg (4.38 moles, 2.50 equiv) 1-hydroxybenzotriazole, 0.737 kg (4.21 moles, 2.40 equiv) N- (methoxycarbonyl)-L-valine and 0.790 kg (4.12 moles, 2.35 equiv) l-(3- dimethyaminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride. The mixture was agitated at 20⁰C for 1 hour, cooled to 5 ⁰C and charged with 1 kg (1.75 moles, 1.00 equiv) Compound 7. While maintaining a temperature < 10 ⁰C, 0.906 kg (7.01 moles, 4 equiv) diisopropylethylamine was added. The mixture was heated to 15-20 ⁰C over 2 hours and agitated for an additional 15 hours. After the reaction was complete, the mixture was washed once with 6.0 L 13 wt% aqueous NaCl, twice with 6.1 L (6.12 moles, 3.5 equiv) 1.0 M aqueous NaOH containing 13 wt% NaCl and once with 6.0 L 13 wt% aqueous NaCl. Water was then removed from the rich organic solution via azeotropic distillation. The mixture was cooled to 20 ⁰C, agitated for 1 hour and filtered. The rich organic solution was then solvent exchanged into EtOH via vacuum distillation to a target volume of 5 L. While maintaining a temperature of 50 ⁰C, 3.2 L (4.0 moles, 2.3 equiv) 1.25M HCl in EtOH was charged. The mixture was seeded with 1.6 g Compound (I) (see preparation below) and agitated at 50 ⁰C for 3 hours. The resulting slurry was cooled to 20 ⁰C and agitated for at least 3 hours. The product was collected by filtration and washed with 5 L 2: 1 acetone:

EtOH to give 1.29 kg (ca. 90 wt% product) of wet crude product. A reactor equipped with an overhead agitator, nitrogen inlet and thermocouple was charged with 1.11 kg of the above crude product and 7 L methanol. The resulting solution was treated with Cuno Zeta Carbon (TM) 55SP. The carbon was washed with 15 L MeOH and the combined filtrate and wash was concentrated down to 4 L via vacuum distillation. The concentrated solution was charged with 5 L acetone and seeded with 1.6 g Compound (I) (see preparation below) while maintaining a temperature of 50 ⁰C. An additional 10 L acetone was charged and the resulting slurry was stirred at 50 ⁰C for 3 hours. The slurry was cooled to 20 ⁰C and allowed to agitate at 20⁰C for 3 hours. The product was collected by filtration, washed with 5 L 2: 1 acetone: EtOH and dried under vacuum at 50-60 ⁰C to give 0.900 kg (1.11 moles, 74% adjusted) of Compound (I)-

Carbon Treatment and Recrystallization of Compound (I) A solution of Compound (I) was prepared by dissolving 3.17 g of Compound (I) from above in 22 mL methanol. The solution was passed through a 47mm Cuno Zeta Carbon 53SP filter at ~5 psig at a flow rate of~58mL/min. The carbon filter was rinsed with 32 mL of methanol. The solution was concentrated down to 16 mL by vacuum distillation. While maintaining a temperature of 40-50 ⁰C, 15.9 mL acetone and 5 mg of seed crystals of Compound (I) (see procedure below) were added. The resulting slurry was then charged with 32 mL acetone over 30 minutes. The slurry was held at 50 ⁰C for 2 hours, cooled to 20 ⁰C over about 1 hour and held at 20 ⁰C for about 20 hours. The solids were filtered, washed with 16 mL 2: 1 acetone:methanol and dried in a vacuum oven at 60 ⁰C to give 2.14 g (67.5%) of purified Compound (I):

¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-έfc, 80 ⁰C): 8.02 (d, J=8.34 Hz, 4 H), 7.97 (s, 2 H), 7.86 (d, J=8.34 Hz, 4 H), 6.75 (s, 2 H), 5.27 (t, J=6.44 Hz, 2 H), 4.17 (t, J=6.95 Hz, 2 H), 3.97 – 4.11 (m, 2 H), 3.74 – 3.90 (m, 2 H), 3.57 (s, 6 H), 2.32 – 2.46 (m, 2 H), 2.09 – 2.31 (m, 6 H), 1.91 – 2.07 (m, 2 H), 0.88 (d, J=6.57 Hz, 6 H), 0.79 (d, J=6.32 Hz, 6 H);

¹³C NMR (75 MHz, DMSO-έfc): δ 170.9, 156.9, 149.3, 139.1, 131.7, 127.1, 126.5, 125.9, 115.0, 57.9, 52.8, 51.5, 47.2, 31.1, 28.9, 24.9, 19.6, 17.7;

IR (neat, cm^“1): 3385, 2971, 2873, 2669, 1731, 1650.

Anal. Calcd for C₄₀H₅₂N₈O₆Cl₂: C, 59.18; H, 6.45; N, 13.80; Cl, 8.73. Found C, 59.98; H, 6.80; N, 13.68; Cl, 8.77. mp 267 ⁰C (decomposed).

Characteristic diffraction peak positions (degrees 2Θ + 0.1) @ RT, based on a high quality pattern collected with a diffractometer (CuKa) with a spinning capillary with 2Θ calibrated with a NIST other suitable standard are as follows: 10.3, 12.4, 12.8, 13.3, 13.6, 15.5, 20.3, 21.2, 22.4, 22.7, 23.7

Daclatasvir faces problems in USA

The US-FDA in 2014 issued a complete response letter for NS5A inhibitor daclatasvir saying it was unable to approve the drug because the marketing application was for its use in tandem with asunaprevir, an NS3/NS4A protease inhibitor discontinued in the US by BMS for commercial reasons. Daclatasvir is already on the market in Europe-where it is sold as Daklinza-and also in Japan where it was approved alongside asunaprevir in July as the country’s first all-oral HCV therapy. However, a delay in the large US market is clearly a major setback for BMS’ ambitions in hepatitis therapy.

To make the matter worse, US FDA has rescinded breakthrough therapy designation status from Bristol-Myers Squibb for Daclatasvir for the treatment of hepatitis C virus infection in Feb 2015.

PAPER

Makonen, B.; et. al. Hepatitis C Virus NS5A Replication Complex Inhibitors: The Discovery of Daclatasvir. J Med Chem 2014, 57(5), 2013–2032.

http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/jm401836p

PATENT

http://www.google.com/patents/WO2008021927A2?cl=en

Example 24-23

methyl ((lS)-l-(((2S)-2-(5-(4′-(2-((2S)-l-((2S)-2-((methoxycarbonyl)amino)-3- methylbutanoyl)-2-pyrrolidinyl)-lH-imidazol-5-yl)-4-biphenylyl)-lH-imidazol-2-yl)-

1 -pyrrolidinyl) carbonyl) -2-methylpropyl) carbamate

A 50 mL flask equipped with a stir bar was sequentially charged with 2.5 mL acetonitrile, 0.344 g (2.25 mmol, 2.5 equiv) hydroxy benzotriazole hydrate, 0.374 g (2.13 mmol, 2.4 equiv) N-(methoxycarbonyl)-L-valine, 0.400 g (2.09 mmol, 2.4 equiv) 1 -(3 -dimethyaminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride and an additional 2.5 mL acetonitrile. The resulting solution was agitated at 20 ⁰C for 1 hour and charged with 0.501 g (0.88 mmol, 1 equiv) Example A-le-4. The slurry was cooled to about 0 ⁰C and 0.45 g (3.48 mmol, 4 equiv) diisopropylethylamine was added over 30 minutes while maintaining a temperature below 10 ⁰C. The solution was slowly heated to 15 ⁰C over 3 hours and held at 15 ⁰C for 16 hours. The temperature was increased to 20 ⁰C and stirred for 3.25 hours. The resulting solution was charged with 3.3 g of 13 wt% aqueous NaCl and heated to 50 ⁰C for 1 hour. After cooling to 20 ⁰C, 2.5 mL of isopropyl acetate was added. The rich organic phase was washed with 2 x 6.9 g of a 0.5 N NaOH solution containing 13 wt% NaCl followed by 3.3 g of 13 wt% aqueous NaCl. The mixture was then solvent exchanged into isopropyl acetate by vacuum distillation to a target volume of 10 mL. The resulting hazy solution was cooled to 20 ⁰C and filtered through a 0.45 μm filter. The clear solution was then solvent exchanged into ethanol by vacuum distillation with a target volume of 3 mL. 1.67 mL (2.02 mmol, 2.3 equiv) of 1.21 M HCl in ethanol was added. The mixture was then stirred at 25 ⁰C for 15 hours. The resulting slurry was filtered and the wet cake was washed with 2.5 mL of 2: 1 acetone:ethanol. The solids were dried in a vacuum oven at 50 ⁰C to give 0.550 g (0.68 mmol, 77 %) of the desired product.

RecrystalHzation of Example 24-23

A solution of Example 24-23 prepared above was prepared by dissolving 0.520 g of the above product in 3.65 mL methanol. The solution was then charged with 0.078 g of type 3 Cuno Zeta loose carbon and allowed to stir for 0.25 hours. The mixture was then filtered and washed with 6 ml of methanol. The product rich solution was concentrated down to 2.6 mL by vacuum distillation. 7.8 mL acetone was added and allowed to stir at 25 ⁰C for 15 h. The solids were filtered, washed with 2.5 mL 2: 1 acetone:ethanol and dried in a vacuum oven at 70 ⁰C to give 0.406 g (57.0%) of the desired product as white crystals: ¹H NMR (400 MHz, OMSO-d_6, 80 ⁰C): 8.02 (d, J=8.34 Hz, 4 H), 7.97 (s, 2 H), 7.86 (d, J=8.34 Hz, 4 H), 6.75 (s, 2 H), 5.27 (t, J=6.44 Hz, 2 H), 4.17 (t, J=6.95 Hz, 2 H), 3.97 – 4.11 (m, 2 H), 3.74 – 3.90 (m, 2 H), 3.57 (s, 6 H), 2.32 – 2.46 (m, 2 H), 2.09 – 2.31 (m, 6 H), 1.91 – 2.07 (m, 2 H), 0.88 (d, J=6.57 Hz, 6 H), 0.79 (d, J=6.32 Hz, 6 H); ¹³C NMR (75 MHz, DMSO- d₆): δ 170.9, 156.9, 149.3, 139.1, 131.7, 127.1, 126.5, 125.9, 115.0, 57.9, 52.8, 51.5, 47.2, 31.1, 28.9, 24.9, 19.6, 17.7; IR (neat, cm^“1): 3385, 2971, 2873, 2669, 1731, 1650. Anal. Calcd for C₄₀H₅₂N₈O₆Cl₂: C, 59.18; H, 6.45; N, 13.80; Cl, 8.73. Found C, 59.98; H, 6.80; N, 13.68; Cl, 8.77. mp 267 ⁰C (decomposed). Characteristic diffraction peak positions (degrees 2Θ ± 0.1) @ RT, based on a high quality pattern collected with a diffractometer (CuKa) with a spinning capillary with 2Θ calibrated with a NIST other suitable standard are as follows: 10.3, 12.4, 12.8, 13.3, 13.6, 15.5, 20.3, 21.2, 22.4, 22.7, 23.7

PAPER

Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters (2015), 25(16), 3147-3150

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0960894X15005995

Scheme 1.

Synthetic route for the preparation of the target compounds 8a–8y. Reagents and conditions: (a) Br₂, CH₂Cl₂, rt, overnight, 86%; (b) N-Boc-l-proline, MeCN, Et₃N, rt, 2 h, 98%; (c) NH₄OAc, toulene, 130 °C, 15 h, 85%; (d) 6 N HCl, MeOH, 50 °C, 4 h, 87%; (e) HATU, N-(methoxycarbonyl)-l-valine, DIPEA, rt, 14 h, 83%; (f) RCOCl, TEA, CH₂Cl₂, rt, 3 h, 64–87%.

Dimethyl((2S,2’S)-((2S,2’S)-2,2′-(5,5′-([1,1′-biphenyl]-4,4′-diyl)bis(1H-imidazole-

5,2-diyl))bis(pyrrolidine-2,1-diyl))bis(3-methyl-1-oxobutane-2,1-

diyl))dicarbamate 7……………FREE BASE

To a solution of 5 (90 mg, 0.181 mmol), N-me-thoxycarbonyl-l-valine 6 (92 mg,0.525 mmol) and DIPEA (0.18 mL, 1.03 mmol) in DMF (5 mL) was added HATU(165.5 mg, 0.434 mmol). The resulting reaction was allowed to stir at room temperature for 15 h, the reaction mixture was filtered and the residue was partitioned between EtOAc and H2O, The aqueous phase was extracted with EtOAc, and the combined organic phase was dried (MgSO4), ﬁltered, and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was puriﬁed by ﬂash chromatography (silica gel; 5% Methanol /CH2Cl2) to

afford 7 (0.11 g, 83 %)as white solid.

1H NMR (DMSO-d6, 500 MHz) δ: 11.56 (s, 2H), 7.69-7.48 (m, 8H), 7.26-7.03 (m, 4H), 5.24-5.05 (m, 2H), 4.09-4.04 (m, 2H), 3.85-3.75 (m, 4H), 3.58 (s, 6H), 2.24-1.98 (m, 10H), 0.87 (d, J = 3.6 Hz, 12H).

Anal. calcd. (%) for C40H50N8O6: C 65.02, H 6.82, N 15.17; found: C 65.20, H 6.79, N 15.31.

ESI-MS m/z: 739.5 (M+H)+.

NMR PREDICT

1H NMR PREDICT

13C NMR PREDICT

COSY PREDICT

Patents

http://www.who.int/phi/implementation/ip_trade/daclatasvir_report_2014_09-02.pdf

Click on images to view

d70 Click on images to view

Click on images to view

http://www.who.int/phi/implementation/ip_trade/daclatasvir_report_2014_09-02.pdf

Click on images to view

Daclatasvir
Names

IUPAC name Methyl [(2S)-1-{(2S)-2-[4-(4’-{2-[(2S)-1-{(2S)-2-[(methoxycarbonyl)amino]-3-methylbutanoyl}-2-pyrrolidinyl]-1H-imidazol-4-yl}-4-biphenylyl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl]-1-pyrrolidinyl}-3-methyl-1-oxo-2-butanyl]carbamate
Other names BMS-790052
Identifiers
CAS Registry Number	1009119-64-5
ATC code	J05AX14
ChEBI	CHEBI:82977
ChEMBL	ChEMBL2023898 ChEMBL2303621
ChemSpider	24609522
InChI [show]
Jmol-3D images	Image
SMILES [show]
Properties
Chemical formula	C₄₀H₅₀N₈O₆
Molar mass	738.89 g·mol⁻¹

CLIP 1

Australian Government, National Measurement Institute

REFERENCE MATERIAL ANALYSIS REPORT

HPLC: Instrument: Shimadzu Binary pump LC-20AB, SIL-20 A HT autosampler
Column: X-Bridge C-18, 5.0 m (4.6 mm x 150 mm)
Column oven: 40 °C
Mobile Phase: A = Milli-Q water buffered at pH 10 with NH4
+ -OAc; B = MeCN
Gradient 0 min 35% B; 0-15 min 35% B; 15-18 min 35-75% B; 18-23 min 75% B.
Flow rate: 1.0 mL/min
Detector: Shimadzu SPD-M20A PDA operating at 310 nm
Relative peak area response of main component:
Initial analysis: Mean = 99.2%, s = 0.01%

Thermogravimetric analysis: Non volatile residue < 0.2% mass fraction . The volatile
content (e.g. organic solvents and/or water) could not be determined by
thermogravimetric analysis.

Karl Fischer analysis: Moisture content 0.6% mass fraction

QNMR: Instrument: Bruker Avance-III-500
Field strength: 500 MHz Solvent: DMSO-d6 (2.50 ppm)
Internal standard: Potassium hydrogen maleate (98.8% mass fraction)
Initial analysis: Mean (0.86 ppm) = 98.2%, s = 0.2%

LC-MS: Instrument: Thermo Scientific Dionex UltiMate 3000 Degasser,
Column: ZORBAX RRHD SB-C8, 2.1 x 50 mm, 1.8 μm (Agilent, 857700-906)
Column temp: 30.0 °C
Solvent system: Mobile phase A: 10 mM ammonium formate, 0.01% (v/v) formic acid in Milli-Q® water.
Mobile phase B: 0.01% (v/v) formic acid in acetonitrile.
Gradient from 90% A to 100% B
Flow rate: 0.25 mL/min
Sample prep: 2 mg/mL in MeOH with trace of formic acid
Injection volume: 10 L
Ionisation mode: Electrospray positive ion
Capillary voltage: 4.5 kV
Capillary temp: 360ºC Desolvation gas temperature: 300 ºC
Cone gas flow rate: 10 (arbitrary unit) Desolvation gas flow rate: 70 (arbitrary unit)
The retention time of daclatasvir is reported along with the major peak in the mass spectrum. The latter is reported as a mass/charge ratio.
9.98 min: 739.39545 (M+H+) m/z

HS-GC-MS: Instrument: Agilent 6890/5973/G1888
Column: DB-624, 30 m x 0.25 mm I.D. x 1.4 μm
Program: 50 C (5 min), 7 C/min to 120 C, 15 °C/min to 220 °C (8.3 min)
Injector: 150 C Transfer line temp: 280 C
Carrier: Helium, 1.2 mL/min Split ratio: 50/1
Solvents detected: Ethyl acetate

TLC: Conditions: Kieselgel 60F254. Ethyl acetate : methanol (95/5)
Single spot observed, Rf = 0.18. Visualisation with UV at 254 nm
The TLC was performed on the liberated free base.

IR: Instrument: Bruker Alpha FT-IR
Range: 4000-400 cm-1, neat
Peaks: 1723, 1697, 1643, 1523, 1439, 1235, 1099, 1024 cm-1

1H NMR: Instrument: Bruker Avance III 500
Field strength: 500 MHz Solvent: DMSO-d6 (2.50 ppm)
Spectral data:  0.77 (6H, d, J = 6.7 Hz), 0.83 (6H, d, J = 6.7 Hz), 2.01 (2H, m), 2.07 (2H, m), 2.12-2.27 (4H, m), 2.38 (2H, m), 3.54 (6H, s), 3.84 (2H, m), 3.97 (2H, m), 4.12 (2H, t, J = 7.7 Hz), 5.18 (2H, t, J = 7.0 Hz), 7.31 (2 N-H, d, J = 8.5 Hz), 7.94 (4H, d, J = 8.4 Hz), 7.99 (4H, d, J = 8.4 Hz), 8.16 (2H, s) ppm
Ethyl acetate estimated at 0.6% mass fraction was observed in the 1H NMR

13C NMR: Instrument: Bruker Avance III 500
Field strength: 126 MHz Solvent: DMSO-d6 (39.5 ppm)
Spectral data:  17.8, 19.6, 25.0, 29.0, 31.2, 47.3, 51.6, 52.9, 58.0, 115.1, 125.9, 126.6, 127.3, 131.8, 139.2, 149.4, 157.0, 171.1 ppm

Melting point: > 250 oC

Microanalysis: Found: C = 59.0%; H = 6.5%; N = 13.7% (August 2015)
Calc: C = 59.2%; H = 6.5%; N = 13.8% (Calculated for C40H50N8O6.2HCl)

REFERENCE

Australian NMI NATA Certification Daclatasvir – FixHepC

https://fixhepc.com/images/coa/NMI-NATA-Daclatasvir-Certification.pdf

Oct 7, 2015 – Compound Name: Daclatasvir dihydrochloride … Note: The assigned stereochemistry of this sample of daclatasvir has not …. Melting point:.

CLIP 2

Full Text Article – European Journal of Pharmaceutical and Medical …

http://www.ejpmr.com/admin/download/article/MTQ4MzE3Mjk1Ny5wZGY=

Nov 28, 2016 – Daclatasvir dihydrochloride (DCLD) is a new drug …. DSC thermogram of daclatasvirdihydrochloriderealed drug melting point at 273.600C as …

CLIP 3

DCV dihydrochloride (anhydrous) is a white to yellow, non hygroscopic powder which is highly soluble in water (>700mg/mL). Solubility is higher at low pH. In aqueous buffers over the physiological pH range (pH 1.2-6.8) solubility is very low (4mg/mL to 0.004 mg/mL) due to the slow formation of the less soluble hydrated form. Water content in the drug substance is adequately controlled by in process tests. The desired anhydrous crystalline form of DCV dihydrochloride (N-2) is consistently produced and has been shown to not change on storage.

[DOC]AusPAR Daclatasvir dihydrochloride – Therapeutic Goods Administration

https://www.tga.gov.au/sites/default/…/auspar-daclatasvir–dihydrochloride-151214.do…

Dec 14, 2015 – Australian Public Assessment Report for daclatasvir dihydrochloride …. Figure 1:Chemical structure of daclatasvir dihydrochloride. …… 24 weeks is based on a selected literaturereview mostly of studies in patients with GT-1.

CLIP 4

The structure of the active substance has been confirmed by UV, IR, Raman and 1 H and 13C NMR spectroscopy, MS spectrometry, and crystal X-Ray diffraction.

Daclatasvir is a white to yellow crystalline non-hygroscopic powder. It is freely soluble in water, dimethyl sulfoxide, methanol; soluble in ethanol (95%); practically insoluble in dichloromethane, tetrahydrofuran, acetonitrile, acetone and ethyl acetate.

Daclatasvir is a chiral molecule with four stereocenters (1,1’, 2, 2;) in the S configuration. The synthetic strategy and process design such as starting material and reagent selection, process parameters, and in-process controls ensure the desired configuration at each of the four chiral centers. In addition, the established control strategy minimizes epimerization and eliminates other diastereomeric impurity formation in each step.

Polymorphism has been observed for daclatasvir hydrochloride. Although two neat crystalline dihydrochloride salts, N1 and N-2 have been identified in screening studies, it has been confirmed that the form N-2 is the thermodynamically most stable polymorph and only this form produced by the proposed synthetic process.

Manufacture, characterisation and process controls

Daclatasvir dihydrochloride is synthesised in three main steps using three commercially available well defined starting materials with acceptable specifications. The synthesis involves an alkylation and formation of the imidazole ring, a coupling reaction and the formation of the hydrochloride salt.

As mentioned above, the synthetic process has been designed to ensure the correct configuration at each of the four chiral centres is achieved. In addition, it has been demonstrated that the stereogenic centres do not epimerize during normal or stressed processing conditions.

The manufacturing process has been developed using a combination of conventional univariate studies and elements of QbD such as risk assessment.

The characterisation of the active substance and its impurities are in accordance with the EU guideline on chemistry of new active substances. Potential and actual impurities were well discussed with regards to their origin and characterised. Adequate in-process controls are applied during the synthesis. The specifications and control methods for intermediate products, starting materials and reagents have been presented.

The active substance specification includes tests for: appearance, colour, identity (IR/Raman, HPLC), assay (HPLC), impurities (HPLC), residual solvents (GC), HCl content (titration), total inorganic impurities (ICP-MS), and particle size (laser light scattering). The absence of a test for chiral purity in the active substance specification has been adequately justified based on the stereochemical control during the synthetic process and demonstration that there is no epimerization during normal or stressed processing conditions. Similarly, since the N-2 form of daclatasvir hydrochloride is the thermodynamically most stable polymorph and, is consistently produced by the synthetic process and remained unchanged during storage under long-term or accelerated conditions, this parameter is not included in the specification

http://www.ema.europa.eu/docs/en_GB/document_library/EPAR_-_Public_assessment_report/human/003768/WC500172849.pdf

CLIP5

SEE

http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/2015/206843Orig1s000ChemR.pdf

CLIP6

Daclatasvir dihydrochloride

COA

NMR

HPLC

LCMS

References

1 Statement on a Nonproprietary Name Adopted by the USAN Council
2 Gao, Min; Nettles, Richard E.; Belema, Makonen; Snyder, Lawrence B.; Nguyen, Van N.; Fridell, Robert A.; Serrano-Wu, Michael H.; Langley, David R.; Sun, Jin-Hua; O’Boyle, Donald R., II; Lemm, Julie A.; Wang, Chunfu; Knipe, Jay O.; Chien, Caly; Colonno, Richard J.; Grasela, Dennis M.; Meanwell, Nicholas A.; Hamann, Lawrence G. (2010). “Chemical genetics strategy identifies an HCV NS5A inhibitor with a potent clinical effect”. Nature 465 (7294): 96–100. doi:10.1038/nature08960. PMID 20410884.
3 Bell, Thomas W. (2010). “Drugs for hepatitis C: unlocking a new mechanism of action”. ChemMedChem 5 (10): 1663–1665. doi:10.1002/cmdc.201000334. PMID 20821796.
4 Modeling shows that the NS5A inhibitor daclatasvir has two modes of action and yields a shorter estimate of the hepatitis C virus half-life. Guedj, J et al. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. February 19, 2013.
5 AASLD: Daclatasvir with Pegylated Interferon/Ribavirin Produces High Rates of HCV Suppression. Highleyman, L. HIVandHepatitis.com. 6 December 2011.
6Preliminary Study of Two Antiviral Agents for Hepatitis C Genotype 1. Lok, A et al. New England Journal of Medicine. 366(3):216-224. January 19, 2012.
7“Bristol-Myers’ Daclatasvir, Asunaprevir Cured 77%: Study”. Bloomberg. Apr 19, 2012.
8AASLD: Daclatasvir plus Asunaprevir Rapidly Suppresses HCV in Prior Null Responders. Highleyman, L. HIVandHepatitis.com. 8 November 2011.
9High rate of response to BMS HCV drugs in harder-to-treat patients – but interferon-free prospects differ by sub-genotype. Alcorn, K. Aidsmap.com. 12 November 2012.
10AASLD 2012: Sofosbuvir + Daclatasvir Dual Regimen Cures Most Patients with HCV Genotypes 1, 2, or 3. Highleyman, L. HIVandHepatitis.com. 15 November 2012.
11Mark Sulkowski et al. (January 16, 2014). “Daclatasvir plus Sofosbuvir for Previously Treated or Untreated Chronic HCV Infection”. New England Journal of Medicine. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1306218.
12“www.who.int” (PDF).

WO2004005264A2 *	7 Jul 2003	15 Jan 2004	Axxima Pharmaceuticals Ag	Imidazole compounds for the treatment of hepatitis c virus infections
WO2008021927A2 *	9 Aug 2007	21 Feb 2008	Squibb Bristol Myers Co	Hepatitis c virus inhibitors
WO2008021928A2 *	9 Aug 2007	21 Feb 2008	Squibb Bristol Myers Co	Hepatitis c virus inhibitors
WO2008021936A2 *	9 Aug 2007	21 Feb 2008	Squibb Bristol Myers Co	Hepatitis c virus inhibitors

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Sacubitril, AHU 377

(2R,4S)-5-(biphenyl-4-yl)-4-((3-carboxypropionyl)amino)-2-methylpentanoic acid ethyl ester

Mechanism of action

PATENT

1H NMR PREDICT

COSY PREDICT

…………….

NMR…..http://www.chemietek.com/Files/Line3/CHEMIETEK,%20AHU-377%20,%20Lot%2001,%20NMR-MeOD,%201.1.pdf

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Eisai’s lenvatinib 兰伐替尼 レンバチニブ

See synthesis at https://newdrugapprovals.org/2014/08/04/eisais-lenvatinib-%E5%85%B0%E4%BC%90%E6%9B%BF%E5%B0%BC-%E3%83%AC%E3%83%B3%E3%83%90%E3%83%81%E3%83%8B%E3%83%96-to-get-speedy-review-in-europe/

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Daclatasvir

EUROPEAN MEDICINES AGENCY ADVISES ON COMPASSIONATE USE OF DACLATASVIR

[DOC]AusPAR Daclatasvir dihydrochloride – Therapeutic Goods Administration

Daclatasvir dihydrochloride

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DR ANTHONY MELVIN CRASTO

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Eisai’s lenvatinib 兰伐替尼レンバチニブ