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ORGANIC SPECTROSCOPY

Read all about Organic Spectroscopy on ORGANIC SPECTROSCOPY INTERNATIONAL 

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DR ANTHONY MELVIN CRASTO Ph.D

DR ANTHONY MELVIN CRASTO Ph.D

DR ANTHONY MELVIN CRASTO, Born in Mumbai in 1964 and graduated from Mumbai University, Completed his Ph.D from ICT, 1991,Matunga, Mumbai, India, in Organic Chemistry, The thesis topic was Synthesis of Novel Pyrethroid Analogues, Currently he is working with AFRICURE PHARMA, ROW2TECH, CLEANCHEM LABS as ADVISOR, earlier assignment was with GLENMARK LIFE SCIENCES LTD, as CONSUlTANT, Retired from GLENMARK in Jan2022 Research Centre as Principal Scientist, Process Research (bulk actives) at Mahape, Navi Mumbai, India. Total Industry exp 32 plus yrs, Prior to joining Glenmark, he has worked with major multinationals like Hoechst Marion Roussel, now Sanofi, Searle India Ltd, now RPG lifesciences, etc. He has worked with notable scientists like Dr K Nagarajan, Dr Ralph Stapel, Prof S Seshadri, etc, He did custom synthesis for major multinationals in his career like BASF, Novartis, Sanofi, etc., He has worked in Discovery, Natural products, Bulk drugs, Generics, Intermediates, Fine chemicals, Neutraceuticals, GMP, Scaleups, etc, he is now helping millions, has 9 million plus hits on Google on all Organic chemistry websites. His friends call him Open superstar worlddrugtracker. His New Drug Approvals, Green Chemistry International, All about drugs, Eurekamoments, Organic spectroscopy international, etc in organic chemistry are some most read blogs He has hands on experience in initiation and developing novel routes for drug molecules and implementation them on commercial scale over a 32 PLUS year tenure till date Feb 2023, Around 35 plus products in his career. He has good knowledge of IPM, GMP, Regulatory aspects, he has several International patents published worldwide . He has good proficiency in Technology transfer, Spectroscopy, Stereochemistry, Synthesis, Polymorphism etc., He suffered a paralytic stroke/ Acute Transverse mylitis in Dec 2007 and is 90 %Paralysed, He is bound to a wheelchair, this seems to have injected feul in him to help chemists all around the world, he is more active than before and is pushing boundaries, He has 100 million plus hits on Google, 2.5 lakh plus connections on all networking sites, 100 Lakh plus views on dozen plus blogs, 227 countries, 7 continents, He makes himself available to all, contact him on +91 9323115463, email amcrasto@gmail.com, Twitter, @amcrasto , He lives and will die for his family, 90% paralysis cannot kill his soul., Notably he has 38 lakh plus views on New Drug Approvals Blog in 227 countries......https://newdrugapprovals.wordpress.com/ , He appreciates the help he gets from one and all, Friends, Family, Glenmark, Readers, Wellwishers, Doctors, Drug authorities, His Contacts, Physiotherapist, etc He has total of 32 International and Indian awards

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ABY 737


ABT-737.svg

ABT-737

Molecular Weight813.43
FormulaC42H45ClN6O5S2
CAS No.852808-04-9

ABT-737 is a small molecule drug that inhibits Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL, two members of the Bcl-2 family of evolutionarily-conserved proteins that share Bcl-2 Homology (BH) domains. First developed as a potential cancer chemotherapy,[1] it was subsequently identified as a senolytic (a drug that selectively induces cell death in senescent cells).[2]

The Bcl-2 family is most notable for their regulation of apoptosis, a form of programmed cell death, at the mitochondrion; Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL are anti-apoptotic proteins. Because many cancers have mutations in these genes that allow them to survive, scientists began working to develop drugs that would inhibit this pathway in the 1990s.[1] ABT-737 was one of the earliest of a series of drugs developed by Abbott Laboratories (now Abbvie) to target this pathway, based on their resolution of the 3D structure of Bcl-xL and studies using high-field solution nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) that revealed how the BH domains of these proteins interacted with their targets.[1]

ABT-737 was superior to previous BCL-2 inhibitors given its higher affinity for Bcl-2, Bcl-xL and Bcl-wIn vitro studies showed that primary cells from patients with B-cell malignancies are sensitive to ABT-737.[3] In animal models, it improved survival, caused tumor regression, and cured a high percentage of mice.[4] In preclinical studies utilizing patient xenografts, ABT-737 showed efficacy for treating lymphoma and other blood cancers.[5]

Unfortunately, ABT-737 is not bioavailable after oral administration, leading to the development of navitoclax (ABT-263) as an orally-available derivative with similar activity on small cell lung cancer (SCLC) cell lines.[1][6] Navitoclax entered clinical trials,[1][6] and showed promise in haematologic cancers, but was stalled when it was found to cause thrombocytopenia (severe loss of platelets), which was discovered to be caused by the platelets’ requirement for Bcl-xL for survival.[1]

Subsequently, it was reported that ABT-737 specifically induces apoptosis in senescent cells in vitro and in mouse models.[2]

ABT-737, a BH3 mimetic, is a potent Bcl-2Bcl-xL and Bcl-w inhibitor with EC50s of 30.3 nM, 78.7 nM, and 197.8 nM, respectively. ABT-737 induces the disruption of the BCL-2/BAX complex and BAK-dependent but BIM-independent activation of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway. ABT-737 induces autophagy and has the potential for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) research.

PATENT

PATENT

CN113248415

PATENT

US20070015787

Journal of Medicinal Chemistry (2007), 50(4), 641-662

https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm061152t

////////

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Names
Preferred IUPAC name4-{4-[(4′-Chloro[1,1′-biphenyl]-2-yl)methyl]piperazin-1-yl}-N-(4-{[(2R)-4-(dimethylamino)-1-(phenylsulfanyl)butan-2-yl]amino}-3-nitrobenzene-1-sulfonyl)benzamide
Identifiers
CAS Number852808-04-9 
3D model (JSmol)Interactive image
ChEBICHEBI:47575
ChemSpider9403232
PubChemCID11228183
UNIIZ5NFR173NV 
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)DTXSID7042641 
showInChI
showSMILES
Properties
Chemical formulaC42H45ClN6O5S2
Molar mass813.43 g·mol−1
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).

References

  1. Jump up to:a b c d e f Croce, Carlo M; Reed, John C (October 2016). “Finally, An Apoptosis-Targeting Therapeutic for Cancer”Cancer Research76 (20): 5914–5920. doi:10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-16-1248PMC 5117672PMID 27694602.
  2. Jump up to:a b Yosef, Reut; Pilpel, Noam; Tokarsky-Amiel, Ronit; Biran, Anat; Ovadya, Yossi; Cohen, Snir; Vadai, Ezra; Dassa, Liat; Shahar, Elisheva; Condiotti, Reba; Ben-Porath, Ittai; Krizhanovsky, Valery (2016). “Directed elimination of senescent cells by inhibition of BCL-W and BCL-XL”Nature Communications7: 11190. Bibcode:2016NatCo…711190Ydoi:10.1038/ncomms11190PMC 4823827PMID 27048913.
  3. ^ Vogler, Meike, et al. “Bcl-2 inhibitors: small molecules with a big impact on cancer therapy.” Cell Death & Differentiation 16.3 (2008): 360–367.
  4. ^ Oltersdorf, Tilman; Elmore, Steven W.; Shoemaker, Alexander R.; Armstrong, Robert C.; Augeri, David J.; Belli, Barbara A.; Bruncko, Milan; Deckwerth, Thomas L.; Dinges, Jurgen; Hajduk, Philip J.; Joseph, Mary K.; Kitada, Shinichi; Korsmeyer, Stanley J.; Kunzer, Aaron R.; Letai, Anthony; Li, Chi; Mitten, Michael J.; Nettesheim, David G.; Ng, ShiChung; Nimmer, Paul M.; O’Connor, Jacqueline M.; Oleksijew, Anatol; Petros, Andrew M.; Reed, John C.; Shen, Wang; Tahir, Stephen K.; Thompson, Craig B.; Tomaselli, Kevin J.; Wang, Baole; Wendt, Michael D.; Zhang, Haichao; Fesik, Stephen W.; Rosenberg, Saul H. (2005). “An inhibitor of Bcl-2 family proteins induces regression of solid tumours”. Nature435 (7042): 677–81. Bibcode:2005Natur.435..677Odoi:10.1038/nature03579PMID 15902208S2CID 4335635.
  5. ^ Hann CL, Daniel VC, Sugar EA, Dobromilskaya I, Murphy SC, Cope L, Lin X, Hierman JS, Wilburn DL, Watkins DN, Rudin CM (April 2008). “Therapeutic efficacy of ABT-737, a selective inhibitor of BCL-2, in small cell lung cancer”Cancer Research68 (7): 2321–8. doi:10.1158/0008-5472.can-07-5031PMC 3159963PMID 18381439.
  6. Jump up to:a b Hauck P, Chao BH, Litz J, Krystal GW (April 2009). “Alterations in the Noxa/Mcl-1 axis determine sensitivity of small cell lung cancer to the BH3 mimetic ABT-737”Mol Cancer Ther8 (4): 883–92. doi:10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-08-1118PMID 19372561. Retrieved 9 September 2019.

///////////ABT-737, ABT 737

CN(CC[C@@H](NC1=CC=C(C=C1[N+]([O-])=O)S(NC(C2=CC=C(C=C2)N3CCN(CC3)CC4=CC=CC=C4C5=CC=C(C=C5)Cl)=O)(=O)=O)CSC6=CC=CC=C6)C

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Tolebrutinib, SAR 442168


Tolebrutinib.png
2D chemical structure of 1971920-73-6

Tolebrutinib

SAR442168

  • Treatment of Multiple Sclerosis (MS)

CAS 1971920-73-6

PRN 2246, example 3 [WO2016196840A1]

C26H25N5O3, 

455.5

GTPL10625

BTK’168

EX-A4699

BDBM50557487

WHO 11268

4-amino-3-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-1-[(3R)-1-prop-2-enoylpiperidin-3-yl]imidazo[4,5-c]pyridin-2-one

4-amino-3-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-1-[(3R)-1-prop-2-enoylpiperidin-3-yl]imidazo[4,5-c]pyridin-2-one

(R)-1-(1-Acryloylpiperidin-3-yl)-4-amino-3-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridin-2(3H)-one

4-amino-3-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-1-[(3R)-1-(prop-2-

enoyl)piperidin-3-yl]-1,3-dihydro-2H-imidazo[4,5-

2H-Imidazo(4,5-C)pyridin-2-one, 4-amino-1,3-dihydro-1-((3R)-1-(1-oxo-2-propen-1-yl)-3-piperidinyl)-3-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-

4-Amino-1,3-dihydro-1-((3R)-1-(1-oxo-2-propen-1-yl)-3-piperidinyl)-3-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-2H-imidazo(4,5-C)pyridin-2-one

Tolebrutinib (R&D code SAR442168), developed by Principia and later acquired by Sanofi and included in its product line, Tolebrutinib is a BTK inhibitor used to treat cancer, autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis and myasthenia gravis, inflammatory diseases and thromboembolic diseases, etc.,

Tolebrutinib is an orally bioavailable, brain-penetrant, selective, small molecule inhibitor of Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK), with potential immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory activities. Upon oral administration, tolebrutinib is able to cross the blood-brain barrier and inhibits the activity of BTK both peripherally and in the central nervous system (CNS). This prevents the activation of the B-cell antigen receptor (BCR) signaling pathway, and the resulting immune activation and inflammation. The inhibition of BTK activity also prevents microglial inflammatory signaling in the CNS, and the resulting immune activation, neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. BTK, a cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase and member of the Tec family of kinases, plays an important role in B lymphocyte development, activation, signaling, proliferation and survival. In addition to B cells, BTK is also expressed in innate immune cells, including macrophages and microglia, and plays an important role in the regulation of microglial inflammatory signaling.

BTK, a member of the Tec family non-receptor tyrosine kinases, is essential for B cell signaling downstream from the B-cell receptor. It is expressed in B cells and other hematopoietic cells such as monocytes, macrophages and mast cells. It functions in various aspects of B cell function that maintain the B cell repertoire (see Gauld S. B. et al., B cell antigen receptor signaling: roles in cell development and disease. Science,

296: 1641 -2. 2002.) B cells pay a role in rheumatoid arthritis (see Perosa F., et ai, CD20-depleting therapy in autoimmune diseases: from basic research to the clinic. / Intern Med. 267:260-77. 2010 and Dorner T, et at. Targeting B cells in immune-mediated

inflammatory disease: a comprehensive review of mechanisms of action and identification of biomarkers. Pharmacol The 125:464-75. 2010 and Honigberg, L., et. ai, The selective BTK inhibitor PCI-32765 blocks B cell and mast cell activation and prevents mouse collagen indiced arthritis. Clin. Immunol. 127 SI :S 111. 2008) and in other autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus and cancers (see Shlomchik M. J., et. ai, The role of B cells in lpr/lpr-induced autoimmunity. /. Exp Med. 180:1295-1306. 1994; Honigberg L. A., The Braton tyrosine kinase inhibitor PCI-32765 blocks B-cell activation and is efficacious in models of autoimmune disease and B-cell malignancy. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 107: 13075-80. 2010; and Mina-Osorio P, et al., Suppression of

glomerulonephritis in lupus-prone NZB x NZW mice by RN486, a selective inhibitor of Bruton’s tyrosine kinase. Arthritis Rheum. 65: 2380-91. 2013).

There is also potential for BTK inhibitors for treating allergic diseases (see Honigberg, L., et. al., The selective BTK inhibitor PCI-32765 blocks B cell and mast cell activation and prevents mouse collagen indiced arthritis. Clin. Immunol. 127 SI :S111. 2008). It was noted that the irreversible inhibitor suppresses passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) induced by IgE antigen complex in mice. These findings are in agreement with those noted with BTK-mutant mast cells and knockout mice and suggest that BTK inhibitors may be useful for the treatment of asthma, an IgE-dependent allergic disease of the airway.

Accordingly, compounds that inhibit BTK would be useful in treatment for diseases such as autoimmune diseases, inflammatory diseases, and cancer.

PATENT

WO2022242740 TOLEBRUTINIB SALT AND CRYSTAL FORM THEREOF, PREPARATION METHOD THEREFOR, PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOSITION THEREOF, AND USE THEREOF (wipo.int)

PATENT

example 3 [WO2016196840A1]

https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=WO2016196840

Example 3

Synthesis of (R)-l-(l-acryloylpiperidin-3-yl)-4-amino-3-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-lH- imidazo[4,5-c]pyridin-2(3H)-one

Into a 100-mL round-bottom flask, was placed (R)-4-amino-3-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-l-(piperidin-3-yl)-lH-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridin-2(3H)-one (150 mg, 0.37 mmol, 1.00 equiv), DCM-CH30H (6 mL), TEA (113 mg, 1.12 mmol, 3.00 equiv). This was followed by the addition of prop-2-enoyl chloride (40.1 mg, 0.44 mmol, 1.20 equiv) dropwise with stirring at OoC in 5 min. The resulting solution was stirred for 2 h at 0 °C. The resulting mixture was concentrated under vacuum. The residue was applied onto a silica gel column with dichloromethane/methanol (30: 1). The crude product (100 mg) was purified by Prep-HPLC with the following conditions (Column, XBridge Prep CI 8 OBD

Column,5um, 19*150mm; mobile phase, water with 0.05%TFA and ACN (25.0% ACN up to 45.0% in 8 min). 54.5 mg product of (R)-l-(l -acryloylpiperidin-3-yl)-4-amino-3-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-lH-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridin-2(3H)-one was obtained as a white solid. LC-MS m/z: 465.2 (M+l)

Step 2

Into a 25-mL round-bottom flask was placed tert-butyl (3R)-3-[4-[(E)-[(dimethy]amino)-methylidene]-amino]-2-oxo-3-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-lH,2H,3H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridin-l -yl]piperidine- l-carboxylate (150 mg, 0.27 mmol, 1.00 equiv), 1,4-dioxane (6 mL), and hydrogen chloride (3 mL). The resulting solution was stirred overnight at 50° C. The reaction mixture was quenched with water. The pH of the solution was adjusted to 9 with sodium bicarbonate. The resulting solution was extracted with dichloromethane:CH3OH=10: 1 and the organic layers were combined. The resulting mixture was washed with sodium chloride and the organic layers were combined, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated under vacuum. The residue was applied onto a silica gel column and eluted with dichloromethane/methanol (30: 1) to give 80 mg (74%) of 4-amino-3-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-l -[(3R)-piperidin-3-yl]-lH,2H,3H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridin-2-one as a light yellow solid.

////////

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/////////Tolebrutinib, SAR 442168, PRN 2246, GTPL10625BTK’168EX-A4699BDBM50557487WHO 11268,  Multiple Sclerosis,  (MS), 

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RELACORILANT


Relacorilant.svg
Relacorilant.png

Relacorilant

  • Molecular FormulaC27H22F4N6O3S
  • Average mass586.561 Da

CAS 1496510-51-0

Phase III

UNII-2158753C7E

2158753C7E

[(4aR)-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-6-(1-methylpyrazol-4-yl)sulfonyl-4,5,7,8-tetrahydropyrazolo[3,4-g]isoquinolin-4a-yl]-[4-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl]methanone

[(4aR)-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-6-(1-methylpyrazol-4-yl)sulfonyl-4,5,7,8-tetrahydropyrazolo[3,4-g]isoquinolin-4a-yl]-[4-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl]methanone

Methanone, [(4aR)-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-1,4,5,6,7,8-hexahydro-6-[(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)sulfonyl]-4aH-pyrazolo[3,4-g]isoquinolin-4a-yl][4-(trifluoromethyl)-2-pyridinyl]-

Methanone, ((4aR)-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-1,4,5,6,7,8-hexahydro-6-((1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)sulfonyl)-4ah-pyrazolo(3,4-g)isoquinolin-4a-yl)(4-(trifluoromethyl)-2-pyridinyl)-

релакорилант[Russian][INN]

ريلاكوريلانت[Arabic][INN]

瑞拉可兰[Chinese][INN]

  • OriginatorCorcept Therapeutics
  • ClassAntineoplastics; Fluorine compounds; Isoquinolines; Ketones; Organic sulfur compounds; Pyrazoles; Pyridines; Small molecules
  • Mechanism of ActionGlucocorticoid receptor antagonists
  • Orphan Drug StatusYes – Pancreatic cancer; Cushing syndrome
  • Phase IIICushing syndrome; Ovarian cancer; Pancreatic cancer
  • Phase IIFallopian tube cancer; Peritoneal cancer; Prostate cancer
  • Phase I/IISolid tumours
  • Phase IAdrenocortical carcinoma

Most Recent Events

  • 09 Sep 2022Subgroup analysis efficacy data from a phase-II trial in Ovarian cancer presented at the 47th European Society for Medical Oncology Congress (ESMO-2022)
  • 29 Jun 2022Phase-III clinical trials in Ovarian cancer (Combination therapy, Recurrent, Second-line therapy or greater) in USA (PO)
  • 06 Jun 2022Corcept Therapeutics announces intentions to submit a NDA for Ovarian cancer

Relacorilant (developmental code name CORT-125134) is an antiglucocorticoid which is under development by Corcept Therapeutics for the treatment of Cushing’s syndrome.[1] It is also under development for the treatment of solid tumors and alcoholism.[1][2] The drug is a nonsteroidal compound and acts as an antagonist of the glucocorticoid receptor.[1] As of December 2017, it is in phase II clinical trials for Cushing’s syndrome and phase I/II clinical studies for solid tumors, while the clinical phase for alcoholism is unknown.[1]

Relacorilant is an orally available antagonist of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, relacorilant competitively binds to and blocks GRs. This inhibits the activity of GRs, and prevents both the translocation of the ligand-GR complexes to the nucleus and gene expression of GR-associated genes. This decreases the negative effects that result from excess levels of endogenous glucocorticoids, like those seen when tumors overproduce glucocorticoids. In addition, by binding to GRs and preventing their activity, inhibition with CORT125134 also inhibits the proliferation of GR-overexpressing cancer cells. GRs are overexpressed in certain tumor cell types and promote tumor cell proliferation.

CLIP

https://europepmc.org/article/pmc/pmc8175224

Relacorilant (CORT125134)118) is being developed by Corcept Therapeutics, Inc. It is an orally active, high-affinity, selective antagonist of the glucocorticoid receptor that may benefit from the modulation of cortisol activity. In structural optimization, the introduction of a trifluoromethyl group to the 4-position on the pyridyl moiety was found to increase HepG2 tyrosine amino transferase assay potency by a factor of four. Relacorilant is currently being evaluated in a phase II clinical study in patients with Cushing’s syndrome.119)

2-Bromo-4-(trifluoromethyl)pyridine (17) prepared from (E)-4-ethoxy-1,1,1-trifluorobut-3-en-2-one is employed as a key intermediate for the preparation of relacorilant as shown in Scheme 31.120)

An external file that holds a picture, illustration, etc. Object name is jps-46-2-D21-012-scheme31.jpg

Scheme31. Synthesis of relacorilant.118)

118) H. Hunt, T. Johnson, N. Ray and I. Walters (Corcept Therapeutics, Inc.): PCT Int. Appl. WO2013/177559 (2013).

119) H. J. Hunt, J. K. Belanoff, I. Walters, B. Gourdet, J. Thomas, N. Barton, J. Unitt, T. Phillips, D. Swift and E. Eaton: Identification of the Clinical Candidate (R)-(1-(4-Fluorophenyl)-6-((1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)sulfonyl)-4,4a,5,6,7,8-hexahydro-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-g]isoquinolin-4a-yl)(4-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl)methanone (CORT125134): A Selective Glucocorticoid Receptor (GR) Antagonist. J. Med. Chem. 60, 3405–3421 (2017). [Abstract] [Google Scholar]

120) B. Lehnemann, J. Jung and A. Meudt (Archimica GmbH): PCT Int. Appl. WO 2007/000249 (2007).

PAPER

https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/acs.jmedchem.7b00162

The nonselective glucocorticoid receptor (GR) antagonist mifepristone has been approved in the U.S. for the treatment of selected patients with Cushing’s syndrome. While this drug is highly effective, lack of selectivity for GR leads to unwanted side effects in some patients. Optimization of the previously described fused azadecalin series of selective GR antagonists led to the identification of CORT125134, which is currently being evaluated in a phase 2 clinical study in patients with Cushing’s syndrome.

Abstract Image

PATENT

https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=WO2013177559

SYN

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Cushing’s syndrome (CS) is a metabolic disorder caused by chronic hypercortisolism. CS is associated with cardiovascular, metabolic, skeletal and psychological dysfunctions and can be fatal if left untreated. The first-line treatment for all forms of CS is a surgery. However, medical therapy has to be chosen if surgical resection is not an option or is deemed ineffective. Currently available therapeutics are either not selective and have side effects or are only available as an injection (pasireotide).

References

  1. Jump up to:a b c d “Relacorilant – Corcept Therapeutics – AdisInsight”.
  2. ^ Veneris JT, Darcy KM, Mhawech-Fauceglia P, Tian C, Lengyel E, Lastra RR, Pejovic T, Conzen SD, Fleming GF (2017). “High glucocorticoid receptor expression predicts short progression-free survival in ovarian cancer”Gynecol. Oncol146 (1): 153–160. doi:10.1016/j.ygyno.2017.04.012PMC 5955699PMID 28456378.

External links

Clinical data
Other namesCORT-125134
Routes of
administration
By mouth
Drug classAntiglucocorticoid
Identifiers
showIUPAC name
CAS Number1496510-51-0
PubChem CID73051463
ChemSpider57617720
UNII2158753C7E
KEGGD11336
Chemical and physical data
FormulaC27H22F4N6O3S
Molar mass586.57 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)Interactive image
showSMILES
showInChI

//////////////Relacorilant, Phase III , Orphan Drug, Cushing syndrome, Ovarian cancer, Pancreatic cancer, релакорилант , ريلاكوريلانت , 瑞拉可兰 , 

CN1C=C(C=N1)S(=O)(=O)N2CCC3=CC4=C(CC3(C2)C(=O)C5=NC=CC(=C5)C(F)(F)F)C=NN4C6=CC=C(C=C6)F

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MILADEMETAN


Milademetan Chemical Structure
Structure of MILADEMETAN
Milademetan.png

Milademetan

Molecular Weight618.53
FormulaC30H34Cl2FN5O4
CAS No.1398568-47-2
img

Milademetan. hcl

Chemical Formula: C30H35Cl3FN5O4
Exact Mass: 617.1972
Molecular Weight: 654.99
Elemental Analysis: C, 55.01; H, 5.39; Cl, 16.24; F, 2.90; N, 10.69; O, 9.77

1398568-47-2 (free base)   1398569-75-9 (tosylate)   2095625-97-9 (tosylate hydrate)   Milademetan HCl 

DS3032b; DS-3032b; DS 3032b; DS3032; DS-3032; DS 3032; DS-3032b tosylate; Milademetan tosylate; Milademetan HCl

 (3’R,4’S,5’R)-N-[(3R,6S)-6-carbamoyloxan-3-yl]-6”-chloro-4′-(2-chloro-3-fluoropyridin-4-yl)-4,4-dimethyl-2”-oxo-1”,2”-dihydrodispiro[cyclohexane-1,2′-pyrrolidine-3′,3”-indole]-5′-carboxamide hydrochloride

orphan drug, UNII:R3I80TLN7S, миладеметан , ميلاديميتان , 米拉美坦

(3’R,4’S,5’R)-N-((3R,6S)-6-Carbamoyltetrahydro-2H-pyran-3-yl)-6”-chloro-4′-(2-chloro-3-fluoro-4-pyridinyl)-4,4-dimethyl-2”-oxo-1”,2”-dihydrodispiro(cyclohexane-1,2′-pyrrolidine-3′,3”-indole)-5′-carboxamide

milademetan

rolontis

SPI-2012

 Milademetan, also known as DS-3032b or DS-3032, is a potent and selective MDM2 inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, MDM2 inhibitor DS-3032b binds to, and prevents the binding of MDM2 protein to the transcriptional activation domain of the tumor suppressor protein p53. By preventing this MDM2-p53 interaction, the proteosome-mediated enzymatic degradation of p53 is inhibited and the transcriptional activity of p53 is restored. This results in the restoration of p53 signaling and leads to the p53-mediated induction of tumor cell apoptosis.

DS-3032 (Milademetan) is an orally available, potent and selective inhibitor of the p53-MDM2 (murine double minute 2) interaction. Milademetan binds to, and prevents the binding of MDM2 protein to the transcriptional activation domain of the tumor suppressor protein p53. Milademetan is 10-fold more potent than the first-generation inhibitor nutlin-3a. By preventing this MDM2-p53 interaction, the proteasome-mediated enzymatic degradation of p53 is inhibited and the transcriptional activity of p53 is restored. This results in the restoration of p53 signaling and leads to the p53-mediated induction of tumor cell apoptosis. DS-3032 is currently being evaluated in three phase 1 clinical trials for solid and hematological malignancies, including acute myeloid leukemia (AML), acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL), chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) in blast phase, lymphoma and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS).

  • OriginatorRigel Pharmaceuticals
  • DeveloperDaiichi Sankyo Inc; National Cancer Center Hospital East; Rain Therapeutics; University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center
  • ClassAntineoplastics; Cyclohexanes; Indoles; Pyrrolidines; Small molecules
  • Mechanism of ActionProto-oncogene protein c mdm2 inhibitors
  • Orphan Drug StatusYes – Liposarcoma
  • Phase IIILiposarcoma
  • Phase IISarcoma; Solid tumours
  • Phase I/IIAcute myeloid leukaemia
  • Phase ILymphoma; Myelodysplastic syndromes
  • PreclinicalMesothelioma
  • No development reportedMultiple myeloma
  • 10 Aug 2022Rain Therapeutics completes enrolment in phase-III clinical trials in Liposarcoma in (Inoperable/Unresectable, Metastatic disease, Second-line therapy or greater) in United Kingdom, Taiwan, Spain, Poland, South Korea, Italy, Hong Kong, Germany, Georgia, France, Canada, Belgium, Austria (PO) (NCT04979442)
  • 09 Jun 2022Efficacy, adverse events and pharmacodynamics data from phase I/II trial in Acute myeloid leukemia presented at the 27th Congress of the European Haematology Association(EHA-2022)
  • 04 May 2022Rain Therapeutics plans a phase I/II MANTRA-4 trial in Solid tumours (Combination therapy, Late-stage disease) in Second half of 2022

PATENT

WO2015033974

[Example 2]
Ethyl (3’R,4’S,5’R)-6”-chloro-4′-(3-chloro-2-fluorophenyl)-4,4-dimethyl-2”-oxo 1″,2″-dihydrodispiro[cyclohexane-1,2′-pyrrolidine-3′,3″-indole]-5′-carboxylate

[0202]

[Chem. 58]

[0203]

(3E/Z)-6-chloro-3-(3-chloro-2-fluorobenzylidene)-1,3-dihydro-2H-indol-2-one ( WO 2006/091646) (98.7) under nitrogen atmosphere mg), (R)-BINAP (12.1 mg, 0.019 mmol), CuOAc (2.0 mg, 0.016 mmol), 4,4-dimethylcyclohexanone (61.4 mg, 0.48 mmol), glycine ethyl ester. (39.5 μL, 0.39 mmol) and a solution of triethylamine (6.8 μL, 0.049 mmol) in N,N-dimethylacetamide (2.0 mL) were added and stirred at room temperature for 22 hours. Ethyl acetate (2 mL), water (1 mL), and 20% aqueous ammonium chloride solution (1 mL) were added to the reaction mixture, and the mixture was vigorously stirred to separate the organic layer. The aqueous layer was extracted twice with ethyl acetate (2 mL each) and all the organic layers were combined and then washed with water three times (5 mL each). The obtained organic layer was concentrated under reduced pressure, ethyl acetate (6 mL) and silica gel (500 mg) were added to the residue, and the silica gel was separated by filtration. The filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure, ethanol (1.0 mL) was added to the residue, water (1 mL) was added dropwise, and the mixture was stirred overnight at room temperature. The precipitated solid was filtered and dried under reduced pressure at 40° C. to obtain the title compound (137 mg, yield 82%, 94% ee) as a solid.
1H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl3): δ = 0.67 (s, 3H), 0.91 (s, 3H), 1.10-1.19 (m, 2H), 1.17 (t, J=7.3 Hz, 3H), 1.25-1.33 (m, 1H), 1.44- 1.72 (m, 3H), 1.87-2.01 (m, 1H), 3.16 (s, 1H), 4.07-4.21 (m, 2H), 4.52 (d, J = 8.5 Hz, 1H), 4.83 (d, J = 8.5 Hz, 1H), 6.74 (d, J = 1.5Hz, 1H), 6.81-6.86 (m, 1H), 7.06 (dd, J = 8.3, 2.8 Hz, 1H), 7.10-7.16 (m, 1H), 7.37 (dd, J = 8.3, 1.8 Hz, 1H), 7.48-7.54 (m, 1H), 7.81 (s, 1H).
(HPLC conditions for optical purity determination)
カラム: CHIRALPAK OD-3R 4.6 × 150 mm, 3μm
Moving layer: 10mM Rinic acid buffer: MeCN = 40:60
Flow rate: 1.0 min/min
カラム Temperature: 40°C
Exhaust wavelength: 254 nm
Injection volume: 5 μL
Hold time: Labeling compound = 13.8 min, エナンチオマー= 12.9 min

[Example 11]
11-1) Effects of various asymmetric catalysts

[0230]

[Chem. 67]

[0231]

(3E/Z)-6-chloro-3-[(2-chloro-3-fluoropyridin-4-yl)methylene]-1,3-dihydro-2H-indol-2-one ( WO 2012 / 121361), 4,4-dimethylcyclohexanone (1.5 eq.), glycine ethyl ester (1.2 eq.), triethylamine (15 mol%) in THF solution (10 times the volume), separately, Lewis acid (5 mol%) , an asymmetric ligand (6 mol %) and THF (10 times the amount) were stirred for 1 hour under a nitrogen atmosphere, a catalyst solution prepared was added, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 12 to 16 hours. After that, the resulting trans1 compound ((ethyl (3′S,4′R,5′S)-6″-chloro-4′-(2-chloro-3-fluoropyridin-4-yl) -4,4-dimethyl-2”-oxo-1”,2”-dihydrodispiro[cyclohexane-1,2′-pyrrolidine-3′,3”-indole]-5′-carboxylate) Optical purity and HPLC yield were measured.
(HPLC conditions for measuring optical purity)
Column: CHIRALPAK OD-3R 4.6 × 150 mm, 3 µm
Mobile phase: 10 mM phosphoric acid buffer: MeCN = 40:60
Flow rate: 1.0 min/min
column Temperature: 40°C
Detection wavelength: 254 nm
Injection volume: 5 µL
Retention time: Title compound = 13.8 min, enantiomer = 12.9 min
Main results are shown in Table 1.

[0232]

[Table 1-1]

[Table 1-2]

[0233]

11-2) Effects of various solvents

[0234]

[Chem. 68]

[0235]

(3E/Z)-6-chloro-3-[(2-chloro-3-fluoropyridin-4-yl)methylene]-1,3-dihydro-2H-indol-2-one ( WO 2012 / 121361), 4,4-dimethylcyclohexanone (1.5 eq.), glycine ethyl ester (1.2 eq.), triethylamine (15 mol%), a solvent (10 times the amount), CuOAc (5 mol%), ( A catalyst solution prepared by stirring S)-BINAP (6 mol %) and a solvent (10 times the amount) under a nitrogen atmosphere for 1 hour was added, followed by stirring at room temperature for 21.5 hours. After that, by HPLC, the resulting trans2 compound (ethyl (3’S,4’R,5’S)-6”-chloro-4′-(2-chloro-3-fluoropyridin-4-yl)- HPLC of 4,4-dimethyl-2″-oxo-1″,2″-dihydrodispiro[cyclohexane-1,2′-pyrrolidine-3′,3″-indole]-5′-carboxylate) Yields and optical purities were determined.
Table 2 shows the main results.

[0236]

[Table 2]

11-3) Examination of Cu(I) Lewis acid

PATENT

WO2014038606

WO2014038606 CLICK HERE

Example 1

[0062]

[Chem.3]

[0063]

(3′R,4′S,5′R)-N-[(3R,6S)-6-carbamoyltetrahydro-2H-pyran-3-yl]-6″-chloro-4′-(2-chloro- 3-fluoropyridin-4-yl)-4,4-dimethyl-2″-oxo-1″,2″-dihydrodispiro[cyclohexane-1,2′-pyrrolidine-3′,3″-indole]-5 ‘
-Carboxamide The compound (35 mg, 0.24 mmol) obtained in Reference Example 2, Step 3 was added to a solution of the compound (100 mg, 0.20 mmol) obtained in Step 3 of Reference Example 1 in N,N-dimethylformamide (4 ml). , triethylamine (0.04 ml, 0.30 mmol), 1-hydroxybenzotriazole (27 mg, 0.20 mmol) and 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide hydrochloride (46 mg, 0.24 mmol) were added. , and stirred for 1 hour at 50° C. After allowing to cool, the reaction solution was diluted with ethyl acetate, washed successively with water, saturated aqueous sodium hydrogencarbonate solution and saturated brine, and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate. After evaporating the solvent under reduced pressure, the residue was purified by NH-silica gel column chromatography [chloroform:methanol=50:1 (v/v)]. After stirring for 24 hours at rt, the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure to obtain 94 mg (76%) of the title compound as a solid.1H
 NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3 ) .) δ: 0.68 (3H, s), 0.95 (3H, s), 1.11-1.27 (2H, m), 1.35-1.81 (8H, m), 2.10-2.17 (1H, m), 2.25-2.32 (1H, m), 3.15(1H,t,J=10.5Hz), 3.27(1H,br s), 3.80(1H,dd,J=11.0,2.3Hz), 3.85-3.95(1H,m), 4.13(1H, ddd,J=10.8,4.5,1.3Hz),4.44(1H,d,J=9.2Hz),4.64(1H,d,J=9.2Hz),5.46(1H,d,J=3.7Hz),6.49( 1H,d,J=3.7Hz), 6.74(1H,d,J=1.8Hz), 7.07(1H,dd,J=8.2,1.8Hz), 7.31(1H,dd,J=8.2,2.3Hz), 7.48-7.52(2H,m),7.62(1H,s),8.05(1H,d,J=5.5Hz).MS
(ESI)m/z:618(M+H) +

Reference example 1

[0087]

[Chem.4]

[0088]

[Step 1] (3E/Z)-6-chloro-3-[(2-chloro-3-fluoropyridin-4-yl)methylene]-1,3-dihydro-2H-indol-2-one
6-chloro -1,3-dihydro-2H-indol-2-one (2.20 g, 13.11 mmol) and 2-chloro-3-fluoroisonicotinaldehyde (2.20 g, 13.8 mmol) in methanol (130 ml). , N,N-diisopropylethylamine (0.46 ml, 2.63 mmol) was added, and the mixture was heated under reflux for 16 hours. After standing to cool, the precipitate was collected by filtration, washed with cold methanol and dried to obtain 3.37 g (83%) of the title compound as a solid.
MS(APCI) m/z: 309(M+H) + .

[0089]

[Step 2] (3′S,4′R,7′S,8′S,8a′R)-6″-chloro-8′-(2-chloro-3-fluoropyridin-4-yl)-4 ,4-dimethyl-3′,4′-diphenyl-3′,4′,8′,8a′-tetrahydro-1′H-dispiro[cyclohexane-1,6′-pyrrolo[2,1-c][1 ,4]oxazine-7′,3″-indole]-1′,2″(1″H)
-dione Under a nitrogen atmosphere, the compound obtained in Step 1 (1.86 g, 6.00 mmol), (5R,6S )-5,6-diphenylmorpholin-2-one (1.67 g, 6.60 mmol) and 4,4-dimethylcyclohexanone (0.83 g, 6.60 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (30 ml) was added with diethyl boron trifluoride. An ether complex (0.15 ml, 1.20 mmol) and molecular sieve 4A (powder) (3 g) were added, and the mixture was heated and stirred at 70° C. for 7 days. After allowing to cool, insoluble matter was removed by filtration through celite, and the filtrate was washed with saturated brine and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate. The solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure and purified by silica gel column chromatography [n-hexane:ethyl acetate=4:1→1:1 (v/v)] to obtain 3.39 g (84%) of the title compound as a solid. rice field.
1 H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ: 0.21 (3H, s), 0.53 (3H, s), 0.89-1.08 (3H, m), 1.28-1.43 (3H, m), 1.73-1.81 (1H, m), 2.23-2.33 (1H, m), 4.58 (1H, d, J = 11.0Hz), 4.86 (1H, d, J = 3.2Hz), 5.31 (1H, d, J = 11.0Hz), 6.25 (1H, d, J = 8.3Hz) ,6.67(1H,dd,J=8.3,1.8Hz),6.72-6.77(2H,m),6.93(1H,d,J=1.8Hz),7.04-7.17(6H,m),7.18-7.25(3H ,m),7.79(1H,t,J=4.6Hz),7.99(1H,s),8.29(1H,d,J=5.0Hz).MS
(APCI)m/z:670(M+H) + .

[0090]

[Step 3] (4′S,5′R)-6″-chloro-4′-(2-chloro-3-fluoropyridin-4-yl)-4,4-dimethyl-2″-oxo-1″ ,2″-dihydrodispiro[cyclohexane-1,2′-pyrrolidine-3′,3″-indole]-5′-carboxylic acid
The compound obtained in step 2 (630 mg, 0.94 mmol) was treated with acetonitrile (10 ml). Dissolve in water (4 ml), add potassium carbonate (130 mg, 0.94 mmol) and heat under reflux for 16 hours at 85° C. After allowing to cool, add anhydrous magnesium sulfate (113 mg, 0.94 mmol) and stir at room temperature for 15 minutes. After extraction with ethyl acetate, the organic layer was washed with saturated brine and dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate. (2-chloro-3-fluoropyridin-4-yl)-1′-[(1R,2S)-2-hydroxy-1,2-diphenylethyl]-4,4-dimethyl-2″-oxo-1″ ,2″-dihydrodispiro[cyclohexane-1,2′-pyrrolidine-3′,3″-indole]-5′-carboxylic acid (650 mg, 100%) was obtained as a solid [MS (ESI) m/z :688(M+H) +]. The resulting carboxylic acid (650 mg, 0.94 mmol) was dissolved in methanol (30 ml) and water (8 ml), and diammonium cerium (IV) nitrate (1.55 g, 2.82 mmol) was added under ice-cooling. Stir at room temperature for 30 minutes. Potassium carbonate (780 mg, 5.64 mmol) was added under ice-cooling, and the mixture was stirred at the same temperature for 1 hour. After removing the insoluble matter by filtration through celite, the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure, water was added to the resulting residue, and the mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic layer was washed with saturated brine and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate. The solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure, and the resulting residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography [chloroform:methanol=20:1→4:1 (v/v)] to obtain 152 mg (33%) of the title compound as a solid. .
1 H-NMR (500 MHz, CD 3 OD) δ: 0.74 (3H, s), 0.9 (3H, s), 1.29-1.44 (2H, m), 1.48-1.58 (2H, m), 1.64-1.76 (1H ,m),1.94-2.02(1H,m),2.11(1H,ddd,J=14.0,14.0,4.0Hz),2.43-2.53(1H,m),5.07(1H,d,J=10.3Hz), 5.32(1H,d,J=10.3Hz),6.84(1H,d,J=1.7Hz),7.16(1H,dd,J=8.3,2.0Hz),7.63(1H,dd,J=8.0,2.3Hz) ),7.75(1H,t,J=5.2Hz),8.15(1H,d,J=5.2Hz).
MS(ESI)m/z:492(M+H) + .

[0091]

Reference example 2

[0092]

[Chem.5]

[0093]

[Step 1] Methyl 2,6-anhydro-3,4,5-trideoxy-5-(dibenzylamino)-L-erythro
-hexonate 2,6-anhydro-3,4,5-trideoxy-5-( dibenzylamino)-L-erythro-hexonate methyl 2,6-anhydro-3,4,5-trideoxy-5-(dibenzylamino)-L-erythro-hexonate (1.60 g, 4.70 mmol) was The mixture was dissolved in methanol (30 ml), 1N aqueous sodium hydroxide solution (10 ml) was gradually added under ice-cooling, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 3 hours. Dowex 50W-X8 was added to the reaction mixture to adjust the pH to 5 to 6, insoluble materials were removed by filtration, and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain 1.7 g (100%) of the title compound as a solid.
1 H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl 3 ) δ: 1.18-1.26(1H,m), 1.36-1.48(1H,m), 1.79-1.97(2H,m), 2.62(1H,t,J=11.0Hz) ,3.18(1H,t,J=10.4Hz),3.40(1H,d,J=11.5Hz),3.51-3.61(4H,m),3.90-3.99(1H,m),7.12-7.38(10H,m ).
MS(ESI)m/z:326(M+H) + .

[0094]

[Step 2] (2S,5R)-5-(dibenzylamino)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-carboxamide
The compound (870 mg, 2.67 mmol) obtained in Step 1 above was dissolved in N,N-dimethylformamide (30 ml). 1-hydroxybenzotriazole (361 mg, 2.67 mmol) and 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide hydrochloride (614 mg, 3.20 mmol) were added and stirred at room temperature for 15 minutes. Ammonium chloride (285 mg, 5.44 mmol) and N,N-diisopropylethylamine (1.86 ml, 10.7 mmol) were added and stirred at room temperature for 8 hours. After diluting with ethyl acetate, the organic layer was washed with saturated aqueous sodium hydrogencarbonate solution and saturated brine in that order, and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate. The solvent was removed under reduced pressure to give 495 mg (57%) of the title compound as a solid.
1 H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl 3 ) δ: 1.35-1.45 (1H, m), 1.60-1.70 (1 H, m), 2.10-2.18 (1 H, m), 2.21-2.28 (1 H, m), 2.76 ( 1H,tt,J=11.4,4.0Hz),3.44(1H,t,J=10.9Hz),3.67(4H,q,J=14.2Hz),3.71-3.73(1H,m),4.04(1H,dq ,J=11.0,2.1Hz),5.35(1H,s),6.40(1H,s),7.21-7.36(10H,m).MS
(ESI)m/z:325(M+H) + .

[0095]

[Step 3] (2S,5R)-5-aminotetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-carboxamide
The compound (490 mg, 1.51 mmol) obtained in Step 2 above was dissolved in ethanol (10 ml) and treated with 20% palladium hydroxide. (100 mg) was added, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 16 hours under a hydrogen atmosphere. After removing the catalyst by filtration through celite, the filtrate was distilled off under reduced pressure and dried to obtain 215 mg (99%) of the title compound as a solid.
1 H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6 ) δ: 1.11-1.22(1H,m), 1.25-1.35(1H,m), 1.83-1.91(2H,m), 2.51-2.60(1H,m), 2.90(1H,t,J=10.5Hz),3.52(1H,d,J=11.9Hz),
3.78-3.84 (1H,m),6.99(1H,br s),7.09(1H,br s). (ESI) m/z: 145(M+H) + .

PATENT

WO2012121361

PATENT

WO2015033974

PAPER

https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.oprd.2c00192

Abstract

Herein, we report the structure and synthesis of the potent MDM2-p53 inhibitor BI-0282. The complex spirooxindole scaffold bearing four stereocenters embedded in a rigid polycyclic ring-system was effectively prepared on a multi-gram scale in only five synthesis steps employing a three-component 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition and a late-stage Davis–Beirut reaction as key steps.

Compound 1

Intermediate 10 (28.8 g, 44.8 mmol) is dissolved in isopropanol (300 mL) and a solution of potassium hydroxide (39.0 g, 694.9 mmol) in water (95 mL) is slowly added. After stirring for 16 h at ambient temperature, the solvents are partially removed under reduced pressure. The residue is diluted with ethyl acetate and treated with a diluted aqueous solution of citric acid. After extraction of the aqueous layer with ethyl acetate, the organic layers are combined, dried with sodium sulfate, and the solvent is removed under reduced pressure. Purification by normal phase column chromatography using dichloromethane and methanol as solvents yields rac-1 (25.8 g, 43.5 mmol) in 70% yield as an amorphous white solid.

Chiral SFC and subsequent purification by reversed phase column chromatography using acetonitrile and methanol as solvents furnishes 1 (BI-0282).

Rac-1 (60 g, 93,3 mmol) was separated by chiral SFC and reversed phase column chromatography to obtain 1 (24.4 g, 40,0 mmol, 43%) as an amorphous white solid.

Chiral HPLC (CHIRALPAK, heptane/isopropanol/trifluoroacetic acid = 70/30/0.1, flow rate 1.0 mL/min, I = 240 mM) tR = 7.8 min (1), and 11.1 min (ent-1). Preparative SFC (CHIRALPAK, carbon dioxide/(isopropanol + 1% diethylamine) = 70/30, flow rate 300 g/min, I = 290 nM).

1H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d6): δ 12.64 (br s, 1H), 10.29 (s, 1H), 7.67 (s, 1H), 7.47 (d, J = 8.83 Hz, 2H), 7.29–7.36 (m, 1H), 7.26 (d, J = 7.88 Hz, 1H), 7.21 (dd, J = 1.26, 8.83 Hz, 1H), 7.12 (t, J = 8.04 Hz, 1H), 6.92 (dd, J = 1.89, 7.88 Hz, 1H), 6.48 (d, J = 1.89 Hz, 1H), 5.86 (t, J = 9.14 Hz, 1H), 4.59–4.68 (m, 1H), 4.52 (dd, J = 7.88, 11.35 Hz, 1H), 4.23–4.32 (m, 1H), 4.20 (d, J = 10.09 Hz, 1H), 2.27 (dd, J = 7.57, 13.08 Hz, 1H), 2.13 (dd, J = 5.83, 13.08 Hz, 1H), 0.47–0.62 (m, 1H), 0.26–0.37 (m, 1H), 0.11–0.20 (m, 1H), −0.04 to 0.04 (m, 1H), −0.25 (s, 1H).

13C{1H} NMR (125 MHz, DMSO-d6): δ 177.5, 168.1, 156.1 (d, 1JC,F = 248.7 Hz), 146.3, 145.3, 144.0, 134.1, 130.3, 129.7, 129.5, 126.8, 126.7, 125.4 (d, 3JC,F = 4.4 Hz), 123.5 (d, 2JC,F = 13.2 Hz), 122.5, 120.0, 119.9, 119.7 (d, 2JC,F = 18.3 Hz), 118.7, 110.0, 107.3, 76.4, 69.2, 57.5, 56.8, 54.2, 51.2, 11.6, 5.5, 4.1.

HRMS (ESI) m/z: [M + H]+ calcd for C30H24Cl2FN4O4, 593.1153; found, 593.1165.

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Milademetan is under investigation in clinical trial NCT02319369 (Safety, Tolerability and Pharmacokinetics of Milademetan Alone and With 5-Azacitidine (AZA) in Acute Myelogenous Leukemia (AML) or High-Risk Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MDS)).

/////////Milademetan, DS3032b, DS-3032b, DS 3032b, DS3032, DS-3032, DS 3032, DS-3032b tosylate, Milademetan tosylate, Milademetan HCl, orphan drug, UNII:R3I80TLN7S, миладеметан , ميلاديميتان , 米拉美坦

CC1(C)CCC2(CC1)N[C@H]([C@H](C1=C(F)C(Cl)=NC=C1)[C@]21C(=O)NC2=CC(Cl)=CC=C12)C(=O)N[C@@H]1CC[C@H](OC1)C(N)=O

wdt-5

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Firibastat


Firibastat, (+/-)-.png
ChemSpider 2D Image | firibastat | C8H20N2O6S4
26188 - Firibastat ( QGC-001 ) | CAS 648927-86-0

Firibastat

  • Molecular FormulaC8H20N2O6S4
  • Average mass368.514 Da

C8H20N2O6S4

368.5

RB 150

Qgc-001(racemate)

UNII-PD5EII1F9A

Firibastat, (+/-)-

PD5EII1F9A

3-amino-4-[(2-amino-4-sulfobutyl)disulfanyl]butane-1-sulfonic acid

(+/-)-QGC-001

1-Butanesulfonic acid, 4,4′-dithiobis(3-amino-

3-Amino-4-((2-amino-4-sulfo-butyl)disulfanyl)butane-1-sulfonic acid

cas 721392-96-7, RACEMIC

CAS 648927-86-0, (S)-3-amino-4-(((S)-2-amino-4-sulfobutyl)disulfaneyl)butane-1-sulfonic acid

фирибастат[Russian][INN]

فيريباستات[Arabic][INN]

(3S,3’S)-4,4′-Disulfanediylbis(3-aminobutane-1-sulfonic acid)

firibastatum

фирибастат

فيريباستات

非立巴司他[Chinese]

PAPER

Journal of Labelled Compounds & Radiopharmaceuticals (2004), 47(13), 997-1005

PATENT

https://patents.google.com/patent/WO2020084131A1/en

PATENT

WO2012045849

WO2012045849

EXAMPLES

Example 1: Synthesis of compound I from (S) ethyl 2-(benzyloxycarbonylamino) 4-(neopentyloxysulfonyl)butanoate

Step (a): (S) neopentyl 3-(benzylox carbonylamino) 4-hydroxybutane 1-sulfonate B

B

(S) ethyl 2-(benzyloxycarbonylamino) 4-(neopentyloxysulfonyl)butanoate A (41.55g, 100.0 mmol, 1.0 eq.) is added dropwise onto a 2M solution of LiBH4 in THF (50 mL, 44.8 g, 100.0 mmol, 1.0 eq.). The addition is performed at room temperature over a 3 hrs period. At the end of the addition, the mixture is stirred at room temperature until conversion is complete (A<1%). Addition of toluene, followed by hydrolysis with HC1, washings of the organic layer with NaHC03 and water, and concentration under vacuum lead to the desired product as a pale yellow oil in quantitative yield (ee = 98%), which slowly crystallises at room temperature in 4 or 5 days.

As B was found to have a very low melting point by DSC analysis, it was not possible to isolate it as a solid by simple crystallisation. It was decided to let it in solution and use it without further purification in the following step.

Step (b): (S) neopentyl 3-(benzyloxycarbonylamino) 4-(methylsulfonyloxy)butane 1-sulfonate

C

C

A solution of B (57.64 g, 154.34 mmol, 1.0 eq.) in toluene (115 mL, 2.0 vol.) is diluted with MTBE (173 mL, 3.0 vol.) at room temperature. Mesyl chloride (17.9 mL, 26.5 g, 231.50 mmol, 1.5 eq.) is then added at room temperature and the homogeneous mixture is cooled to 10°C. The addition of triethylamine (43.0 mL, 31.2 g, 308.67 mmol, 2.0 eq.) is performed at T<20°C. At the end of the addition, the mixture is stirred at 10°C until conversion is complete (B<1%). After hydrolysis with diluted HCl, the organic layer is washed with NaHC03, water and brine, followed by a partial concentration under reduced pressure. The corresponding mesylate is then crystallised by addition of heptanes (5.0 vol.) at 40°C. After cooling, filtration and drying, the expected product is isolated as a whitish solid in 92.5% yield and with a very high chemical purity (98%).

Step (c): (S) 2-(benzyloxycarbonylamino) 4-(neopentyloxysulfonyl)butyl thioacetate D

D

A solution of mesylate C (81.3 g, 180.05 mmol, 1.0 eq.) in acetone (203 mL, 2.5 vol.) is added dropwise to a suspension of potassium thioacetate (41.1 g, 360.1 mmol, 2.0 eq.) in acetone (203 mL, 2.5 vol.) at room temperature and over a period of 2 hrs. The reaction mixture is stirred at room temperature until conversion is complete (C<1%). After filtration of the salts and addition of toluene (4.0 vol.), acetone is removed by distillation under reduced pressure at 25°C. The solution is then treated with active charcoal and concentrated to 2.0 volumes. Slow addition of heptane (5.0 vol.) at room temperature, followed by cooling at 0°C, filtration and drying at 45°C, provides the expected product as a whitish solid in 78.2% yield and with a very high chemical purity (98%).

Step (d): (3S,3S’) neopentyl 4,4′-disulfanediylbis(3-(benzyloxycarbonylamino)butane 1-sulfonate) E

E

A solution of D (59.16 g, 137.1 mmol, 1.0 eq.) suspended in ethanol (203 mL, 2.5 vol.) is cooled to 0°C. 20% sodium hydroxide (25.1 mL, 150.8 mmol, 1.1 eq.) diluted with water

(16.9 mL, 0.285 vol.) is then added dropwise to the suspension by keeping the temperature below 10°C. The reaction mixture is warmed to room temperature and stirred until conversion is complete (D<1%). The intermediate thiol reacts at room temperature with a solution of iodine (20.9 g, 82.3 mmol, 0.6 eq.) in ethanol (118 mL, 2.0 vol.). The reaction is complete at the end of the addition of the oxidizing agent. After addition of a Na2S205 (13.0 g, 68.5 mmol, 0.5 eq.) aqueous solution (118 mL, 2.0 vol.) to reduce the excess of residual iodine, ethanol is removed by distillation under reduced pressure at 40°C. Addition of water (3.0 vol.) at room temperature, followed by cooling at 0°C, filtration and drying at 45-50°C, provides the expected dimer as a white solid in 98.3% yield and with a very high chemical purity (97.0%). The amount of iodide ions, coming from the reduction of iodine, is checked in the sample by potentiometric assay.

E°(Ag+/Ag(s))=0.80V

KsAgi=1.5.10“16

[AgNO3]=0.1N

Electrode: E=E°(Ag+/Ag(s))+0.061og[Ag+]

E=E°(Ag+/Ag(s))+0.061og (Ksi/[L])

Assay: [T] decreases and E increases

LOD=l mg

Four further washings with water are performed until no more iodide ions are detected. The results are presented in table 2.

Table 2.

Step (e): (3S,3S’) 4,4′-disulfanediylbis(3-aminobutane 1-sulfonic acid) compound I

4

Compound I

A solution of E (44.0 g, 56.6 mmol, 1.0 eq.) in TFA (220 mL, 5.0 vol.) and anisole (44 mL, 1.0 vol.) is heated to reflux (75°C) and the reaction mixture is stirred in these conditions until conversion is complete (E<1%). TFA is removed by distillation under reduced pressure at 50°C. Slow addition of MTBE (5.0 vol.) at room temperature makes the expected product precipitate. After trituration, filtration and washing with MTBE (1.0 vol.), the crude solid is suspended in methanol (220 mL, 5.0 vol.). New trituration, filtration and washing with MTBE (1.0 vol.), followed by drying under reduced pressure, provides compound I as a white solid in 92.5% yield.

NMR: 1H (solvent D20, 400 MHz, ppm): 4.70 (s, 6H, ¾); 3.77 (m, 2H, H2); 3.14 (dd, 2H, Hi); 2.98 (dd, 4H, H4); 2.86 (dd, 2H, Hi); 2.13 (m, 4H, H3). 13C (solvent D20, 100 MHz, ppm): 49.4 (2C, C2); 46.6 (2C, C4); 38.3 (2C, C ; 26.9 (2C, C3).

////////

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  • OriginatorCNRS; INSERM; University Paris Descartes
  • DeveloperQuantum Genomics
  • ClassAmines; Aminopeptidases; Antihypertensives; Cardiovascular therapies; Disulfides; Heart failure therapies; Metalloexopeptidases; Small molecules; Sulfonic acids
  • Mechanism of ActionGlutamyl aminopeptidase inhibitors
  • Orphan Drug StatusNo
  • New Molecular EntityYes
  • Phase IIIHypertension
  • Phase IIChronic heart failure; Left ventricular dysfunction
  • 28 Mar 2022No recent reports of development identified for phase-I development in Hypertension(In volunteers) in United Kingdom (PO, Tablet)
  • 25 Nov 2021Firibastat licensed to Teva in Israel
  • 11 Oct 2021Quantum Genomics plans a phase III trial for Heart failure

////////Firibastat, фирибастат , فيريباستات , firibastatum, фирибастат ,فيريباستات ,非立巴司他 , rb 150, (+/-)-QGC-001, qgc 001, 

C(CS(=O)(=O)O)C(CSSCC(CCS(=O)(=O)O)N)N

Enobosarm


Betibeglogene autotemcel


Betibeglogene autotemcel

ベチベグロゲンアウトテムセル

2022/8/17, FDA APPROVED Zynteglo

Cellular therapy product
Treatment of betathalassemia

BB305 LVV

bb 1111

BB305 transduced SCD CD34+ HSCs bb1111
LentiGlobin BB305 LVV-transduced autologous SCD CD34+ HSCs bb1111
LentiGlobin drug product for SCD
LentiGlobin drug product for sickle cell disease
LentiGlobin for SCD bb1111

Betibeglogene autotemcel, sold under the brand name Zynteglo, is a medication for the treatment for beta thalassemia.[1][5][2] It was developed by Bluebird Bio and was given breakthrough therapy designation by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration in February 2015.[6][7]

The most common adverse reactions include reduced platelet and other blood cell levels, as well as mucositis, febrile neutropenia, vomiting, pyrexia (fever), alopecia (hair loss), epistaxis (nosebleed), abdominal pain, musculoskeletal pain, cough, headache, diarrhea, rash, constipation, nausea, decreased appetite, pigmentation disorder and pruritus (itch).[5]

It was approved for medical use in the European Union in May 2019,[2] and in the United States in August 2022.[5]

FDA Approves First Cell-Based Gene Therapy to Treat Adult and Pediatric Patients with Beta-thalassemia Who Require Regular Blood Transfusions

https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/fda-approves-first-cell-based-gene-therapy-treat-adult-and-pediatric-patients-beta-thalassemia-whoFor Immediate Release:August 17, 2022

Today, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved Zynteglo (betibeglogene autotemcel), the first cell-based gene therapy for the treatment of adult and pediatric patients with beta-thalassemia who require regular red blood cell transfusions.

“Today’s approval is an important advance in the treatment of beta-thalassemia, particularly in individuals who require ongoing red blood cell transfusions,” said Peter Marks, M.D., Ph.D., director of the FDA’s Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research. “Given the potential health complications associated with this serious disease, this action highlights the FDA’s continued commitment to supporting development of innovative therapies for patients who have limited treatment options.” 

Beta-thalassemia is a type of inherited blood disorder that causes a reduction of normal hemoglobin and red blood cells in the blood, through mutations in the beta-globin subunit, leading to insufficient delivery of oxygen in the body. The reduced levels of red blood cells can lead to a number of health issues including dizziness, weakness, fatigue, bone abnormalities and more serious complications. Transfusion-dependent beta-thalassemia, the most severe form of the condition, generally requires life-long red blood cell transfusions as the standard course of treatment. These regular transfusions can be associated with multiple health complications of their own, including problems in the heart, liver and other organs due to an excessive build-up of iron in the body.

Zynteglo is a one-time gene therapy product administered as a single dose. Each dose of Zynteglo is a customized treatment created using the patient’s own cells (bone marrow stem cells) that are genetically modified to produce functional beta-globin (a hemoglobin component).

The safety and effectiveness of Zynteglo were established in two multicenter clinical studies that included adult and pediatric patients with beta-thalassemia requiring regular transfusions. Effectiveness was established based on achievement of transfusion independence, which is attained when the patient maintains a pre-determined level of hemoglobin without needing any red blood cell transfusions for at least 12 months. Of 41 patients receiving Zynteglo, 89% achieved transfusion independence.

The most common adverse reactions associated with Zynteglo included reduced platelet and other blood cell levels, as well as mucositis, febrile neutropenia, vomiting, pyrexia (fever), alopecia (hair loss), epistaxis (nosebleed), abdominal pain, musculoskeletal pain, cough, headache, diarrhea, rash, constipation, nausea, decreased appetite, pigmentation disorder and pruritus (itch).

There is a potential risk of blood cancer associated with this treatment; however, no cases have been seen in studies of Zynteglo. Patients who receive Zynteglo should have their blood monitored for at least 15 years for any evidence of cancer. Patients should also be monitored for hypersensitivity reactions during Zynteglo administration and should be monitored for thrombocytopenia and bleeding.

This application was granted a rare pediatric disease voucher, in addition to receiving Priority ReviewFast TrackBreakthrough Therapy, and Orphan designations.

The FDA granted approval of Zynteglo to bluebird bio, Inc.

/////////

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Clinical data
Trade namesZynteglo
Other namesLentiGlobin BB305, autologous CD34+ cells encoding βA-T87Q-globin gene
License dataEU EMAby INNUS DailyMedBetibeglogene autotemcel
Pregnancy
category
Contraindicated[1][2]
Routes of
administration
Intravenous[3]
ATC codeB06AX02 (WHO)
Legal status
Legal statusUK: POM (Prescription only) [1]US: ℞-only [3][4][5]EU: Rx-only [2]In general: ℞ (Prescription only)
Identifiers
UNIIMEE8487RTP
KEGGD11930

Medical uses

Betibeglogene autotemcel is indicated for the treatment of people twelve years and older with transfusion-dependent beta thalassemia (TDT) who do not have a β0/β0 genotype, for whom hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) transplantation is appropriate but a human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-matched related HSC donor is not available.[2]

Betibeglogene autotemcel is made individually for each recipient out of stem cells collected from their blood, and must only be given to the recipient for whom it is made.[2] It is given as an autologous intravenous infusion and the dose depends on the recipient’s body weight.[3][2]

Before betibeglogene autotemcel is given, the recipient receives conditioning chemotherapy to clear their bone marrow of cells (myeloablation).[2]

To make betibeglogene autotemcel, the stem cells taken from the recipient’s blood are modified by a virus that carries working copies of the beta globin gene into the cells.[2] When these modified cells are given back to the recipient, they are transported in the bloodstream to the bone marrow where they start to make healthy red blood cells that produce beta globin.[2] The effects of betibeglogene autotemcel are expected to last for the recipient’s lifetime.[2]

Mechanism of action

Beta thalassemia is caused by mutations to or deletions of the HBB gene leading to reduced or absent synthesis of the beta chains of hemoglobin that result in variable outcomes ranging from severe anemia to clinically asymptomatic individuals.[8] LentiGlobin BB305 is a lentiviral vector which inserts a functioning version of the HBB gene into a recipient’s blood-producing hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) ex vivo. The resulting engineered HSCs are then reintroduced to the recipient.[9][10]

History

In early clinical trials several participants with beta thalassemia, who usually require frequent blood transfusions to treat their disease, were able to forgo blood transfusions for extended periods of time.[11][12][13] In 2018, results from phase 1-2 trials suggested that of 22 participants receiving Lentiglobin gene therapy, 15 were able to stop or reduce regular blood transfusions.[14][15]

In February 2021, a clinical trial[16] of betibeglogene autotemcel in sickle cell anemia was suspended following an unexpected instance of acute myeloid leukemia.[17] The HGB-206 Phase 1/2 study is expected to conclude in March 2023.[16]

It was designated an orphan drug by the European Medicines Agency (EMA) and by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2013.[2][18] The Food and Drug Administration has also declared betibeglogene autotemcel a Regenerative Medicine Advanced Therapy.[19]

The safety and effectiveness of betibeglogene autotemcel were established in two multicenter clinical studies that included adult and pediatric particpiants with beta-thalassemia requiring regular transfusions.[5] Effectiveness was established based on achievement of transfusion independence, which is attained when the particpiant maintains a pre-determined level of hemoglobin without needing any red blood cell transfusions for at least 12 months. Of 41 particpiants receiving betibeglogene autotemcel, 89% achieved transfusion independence.[5]

Society and culture

Legal status

It was approved for medical use in the European Union in May 2019,[2] and in the United States in August 2022.[5]

Names

The international nonproprietary name (INN) is betibeglogene autotemcel.[20]

References

  1. Jump up to:a b c “Zynteglo dispersion for infusion – Summary of Product Characteristics (SmPC)”(emc). 12 May 2020. Retrieved 3 January 2021.[permanent dead link]
  2. Jump up to:a b c d e f g h i j k l m “Zynteglo EPAR”European Medicines Agency (EMA). 25 March 2019. Archived from the original on 16 August 2019. Retrieved 16 August 2019. Text was copied from this source which is © European Medicines Agency. Reproduction is authorized provided the source is acknowledged.
  3. Jump up to:a b c “Archived copy”Archived from the original on 26 August 2022. Retrieved 26 August 2022.
  4. ^ “Zynteglo”U.S. Food and Drug Administration. 17 August 2022. Archived from the original on 26 August 2022. Retrieved 26 August 2022.
  5. Jump up to:a b c d e f g “FDA Approves First Cell-Based Gene Therapy to Treat Adult and Pediatric Patients with Beta-thalassemia Who Require Regular Blood Transfusions”U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) (Press release). 17 August 2022. Archived from the original on 21 August 2022. Retrieved 20 August 2022. Public Domain This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
  6. ^ “Ten things you might have missed Monday from the world of business”The Boston Globe. 3 February 2015. Archived from the original on 1 August 2020. Retrieved 13 February 2015.
  7. ^ “Lentiviral vectors”. 27 June 2019. Archived from the original on 21 August 2022. Retrieved 8 July 2019.
  8. ^ Cao A, Galanello R (February 2010). “Beta-thalassemia”Genetics in Medicine12 (2): 61–76. doi:10.1097/GIM.0b013e3181cd68edPMID 20098328.
  9. ^ Negre O, Bartholomae C, Beuzard Y, Cavazzana M, Christiansen L, Courne C, et al. (2015). “Preclinical evaluation of efficacy and safety of an improved lentiviral vector for the treatment of β-thalassemia and sickle cell disease” (PDF). Current Gene Therapy15 (1): 64–81. doi:10.2174/1566523214666141127095336PMC 4440358PMID 25429463Archived (PDF) from the original on 19 July 2018. Retrieved 19 June 2018.
  10. ^ Thompson AA, Rasko JE, Hongeng S, Kwiatkowski JL, Schiller G, von Kalle C, et al. (2014). “Initial Results from the Northstar Study (HGB-204): A Phase 1/2 Study of Gene Therapy for β-Thalassemia Major Via Transplantation of Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cells Transduced Ex Vivo with a Lentiviral βΑ-T87Q -Globin Vector (LentiGlobin BB305 Drug Product)”Blood124 (21): 549. doi:10.1182/blood.V124.21.549.549Archived from the original on 18 October 2019. Retrieved 13 February 2015.
  11. ^ Cavazzana-Calvo M, Payen E, Negre O, Wang G, Hehir K, Fusil F, et al. (September 2010). “Transfusion independence and HMGA2 activation after gene therapy of human β-thalassaemia”Nature467 (7313): 318–322. Bibcode:2010Natur.467..318Cdoi:10.1038/nature09328PMC 3355472PMID 20844535.
  12. ^ Winslow R (8 December 2015). “New Gene Therapy Shows Promise for Lethal Blood Disease”The Wall Street JournalArchived from the original on 2 March 2020. Retrieved 13 February 2015.
  13. ^ (8 December 2014) bluebird bio Announces Data Demonstrating First Four Patients with β-Thalassemia Major Treated with LentiGlobin are Transfusion-Free Archived 26 September 2015 at the Wayback Machine Yahoo News, Retrieved 17 May 2015
  14. ^ Thompson AA, Walters MC, Kwiatkowski J, Rasko JE, Ribeil JA, Hongeng S, et al. (April 2018). “Gene Therapy in Patients with Transfusion-Dependent β-Thalassemia”The New England Journal of Medicine378 (16): 1479–1493. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1705342PMID 29669226.
  15. ^ Stein R (18 April 2018). “Gene Therapy For Inherited Blood Disorder Reduced Transfusions”NPRArchived from the original on 21 August 2022. Retrieved 4 March 2019.
  16. Jump up to:a b Clinical trial number NCT02140554 for “A Phase 1/2 Study Evaluating Gene Therapy by Transplantation of Autologous CD34+ Stem Cells Transduced Ex Vivo With the LentiGlobin BB305 Lentiviral Vector in Subjects With Severe Sickle Cell Disease” at ClinicalTrials.gov
  17. ^ “Bluebird bio Halts Sickle Cell Trials After Leukemia Diagnosis”BioSpaceArchived from the original on 27 June 2021. Retrieved 27 June 2021.
  18. ^ “Autologous CD34+ hematopoietic stem cells transduced with LentiGlobin BB305 lentiviral vector encoding the human BA-T87Q-globin gene Orphan Drug Designations and Approvals”U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). 18 March 2013. Archived from the original on 9 June 2020. Retrieved 8 June 2020.
  19. ^ “bluebird bio Announces Temporary Suspension on Phase 1/2 and Phase 3 Studies of LentiGlobin Gene Therapy for Sickle Cell Disease (bb1111)”Bluebird Bio (Press release). 16 February 2021. Archived from the original on 27 June 2021. Retrieved 27 June 2021.
  20. ^ World Health Organization (2020). “International nonproprietary names for pharmaceutical substances (INN): recommended INN: list 83”WHO Drug Information34 (1): 34. Archived from the original on 15 July 2020.

////////////Betibeglogene autotemcel, FDA 2022, APPROVALS 2022, ベチベグロゲンアウトテムセル  ,  Zynteglo, bluebird bio, bb 1111

BB305 transduced SCD CD34+ HSCs bb1111
LentiGlobin BB305 LVV-transduced autologous SCD CD34+ HSCs bb1111
LentiGlobin drug product for SCD
LentiGlobin drug product for sickle cell disease
LentiGlobin for SCD bb1111

wdt-2

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ATISOBAN


Atosiban SW.svg
Structure of ATOSIBAN

ATOSIBAN

cas 90779-69-4

WeightAverage: 994.19
Monoisotopic: 993.441208989

Chemical FormulaC43H67N11O12S2

(2S)-5-amino-2-{[(2S)-1-[(4R,7S,10S,13S,16R)-13-[(2S)-butan-2-yl]-7-(carbamoylmethyl)-16-[(4-ethoxyphenyl)methyl]-10-[(1R)-1-hydroxyethyl]-6,9,12,15,18-pentaoxo-1,2-dithia-5,8,11,14,17-pentaazacycloicosane-4-carbonyl]pyrrolidin-2-yl]formamido}-N-(carbamoylmethyl)pentanamide

  • Oxytocin, 1-(3-mercaptopropanoic acid)-2-(O-ethyl-D-tyrosine)-4-L-threonine-8-L-ornithine-
  • 1,2-Dithia-5,8,11,14,17-pentaazacycloeicosane, cyclic peptide deriv.
  • Antocile
  • Antocin
  • Antocin II

Product Ingredients

INGREDIENTUNIICASINCHI KEY
Atosiban acetate0P5DNO7CEF914453-95-5SVDWBHHCPXTODI-QIWYXCRTSA-N
  • CAP-449
  • CAP-476
  • CAP-581
  • F-314
  • ORF 22164
  • ORF-22164
  • RW-22164
  • RWJ 22164
  • RWJ-22164

Atosiban, sold under the brand name Tractocile among others, is an inhibitor of the hormones oxytocin and vasopressin. It is used as an intravenous medication as a labour repressant (tocolytic) to halt premature labor. It was developed by Ferring Pharmaceuticals in Sweden and first reported in the literature in 1985.[5] Originally marketed by Ferring Pharmaceuticals, it is licensed in proprietary and generic forms for the delay of imminent preterm birth in pregnant adult women.

The most commonly reported side effect is nausea.[4]

Atosiban is an inhibitor of the hormones oxytocin and vasopressin. It is used intravenously to halt premature labor. Although initial studies suggested it could be used as a nasal spray and hence would not require hospital admission, it is not used in that form. Atobisan was developed by the Swedish company Ferring Pharmaceuticals. It was first reported in the literature in 1985. Atosiban is licensed in proprietary and generic forms for the delay of imminent pre-term birth in pregnant adult women.

Medical uses

Atosiban is used to delay birth in adult women who are 24 to 33 weeks pregnant, when they show signs that they may give birth pre-term (prematurely).[4] These signs include regular contractions lasting at least 30 seconds at a rate of at least four every 30 minutes,[4] and dilation of the cervix (the neck of the womb) of 1 to 3 cm and an effacement (a measure of the thinness of the cervix) of 50% or more.[4] In addition, the baby must have a normal heart rate.[4]

Pharmacology

Mechanism of action

Atosiban is a nonapeptide, desamino-oxytocin analogue, and a competitive vasopressin/oxytocin receptor antagonist (VOTra). Atosiban inhibits the oxytocin-mediated release of inositol trisphosphate from the myometrial cell membrane. As a result, reduced release of intracellular, stored calcium from the sarcoplasmic reticulum of myometrial cells and reduced influx of Ca2+ from the extracellular space through voltage-gated channels occur. In addition, atosiban suppresses oxytocin-mediated release of PGE and PGF from the decidua.[6]

In human preterm labour, atosiban, at the recommended dosage, antagonises uterine contractions and induces uterine quiescence. The onset of uterus relaxation following atosiban is rapid, uterine contractions being significantly reduced within 10 minutes to achieve stable uterine quiescence.

Other uses

Atosiban use after assisted reproduction

Atosiban is useful in improving the pregnancy outcome of in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET) in patients with repeated implantation failure.[7] The pregnancy rate improved from zero to 43.7%.[8]

First- and second-trimester bleeding was more prevalent in ART than in spontaneous pregnancies. From 2004 to 2010, 33 first-trimester pregnancies with vaginal bleeding after ART with evident uterine contractions, when using atosiban and/or ritodrine, no preterm delivery occurred before 30 weeks.[9]

In a 2010 meta-analysis,[10] nifedipine is superior to β2 adrenergic receptor agonists and magnesium sulfate for tocolysis in women with preterm labor (20–36 weeks), but it has been assigned to pregnancy category C by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, so is not recommended before 20 weeks, or in the first trimester.[9] A report from 2011 supports the use of atosiban, even at very early pregnancy, to decrease the frequency of uterine contractions to enhance success of pregnancy.[7]

Pharmacovigilance

Following the launch of atosiban in 2000, the calculated cumulative patient exposure to atosiban (January 2000 to December 2005) is estimated as 156,468 treatment cycles. To date, routine monitoring of drug safety has revealed no major safety issues.[11]

Regulatory affairs

Atosiban was approved in the European Union in January 2000 and launched in the European Union in April 2000.[12][4] As of June 2007, atosiban was approved in 67 countries, excluding the United States and Japan.[12] It was understood that Ferring did not expect to seek approval for atosiban in the US or Japan, focusing instead on development of new compounds for use in Spontaneous Preterm Labor (SPTL).[12] The fact that atosiban only had a short duration before it was out of patent that the parent drug company decided not to pursue licensing in the US.[13]

Systematic reviews

In a systematic review of atosiban for tocolysis in preterm labour, six clinical studies — two compared atosiban to placebo and four atosiban to a β agonist — showed a significant increase in the proportion of women undelivered by 48 hours in women receiving atosiban compared to placebo. When compared with β agonists, atosiban increased the proportion of women undelivered by 48 hours and was safer compared to β agonists. Therefore, oxytocin antagonists appear to be effective and safe for tocolysis in preterm labour.[14]

A 2014 systematic review by the Cochrane Collaboration showed that while atosiban had fewer side effects than alternative drugs (such as ritodrine), other beta blockers, and calcium channel antagonists, it was no better than placebo in the major outcomes i.e. pregnancy prolongation or neonatal outcomes. The finding of an increase in infant deaths in one placebo-controlled trial warrants caution. Further research is recommended.[15]

 PATENT

WO 2021207870

Atosiban (Atosiban) is an oxytocin and vasopressin V1A combined receptor antagonist, which can be used as a competitive antagonist of cyclic peptide oxytocin receptors in the uterus, decidua and fetal membrane. Atosiban is a disulfide-bonded cyclic polypeptide composed of 9 amino acids. It is a modified oxytocin molecule at positions 1, 2, 4 and 8. The N-terminal of the peptide is 3-mercaptopropionic acid (thiol and [ Cys] 6 thiol forms a disulfide bond), the C-terminal is in the form of an amide, and the second amino acid at the N-terminal is ethylated [D-Tyr(Et)] 2 . Atosiban is generally present in medicines in the form of acetate salt, commonly known as atosiban acetate. Its chemical formula is C 45 H 71 N 11 O 14 S 2 , its molecular weight is 994.19, and its structural formula is as follows:

[0003]

[0004]

In the prior art, atosiban is usually synthesized by a solid-phase peptide synthesis (SPPS) method, an amino resin is used as a starting carrier resin, and protected amino acids are sequentially connected, and the obtained atosiban is oxidized and then cleaved to obtain atosiban. However, the above-mentioned existing process has high cost, generates a large amount of solvent waste, and is not easy to monitor during the cyclization process. In addition, the above-mentioned prior art has deficiencies in the overall yield of crude peptides. Moreover, due to the existence of D-Tyr(Et) in the structure of atosiban, Fmoc-D-Tyr(Et) easily undergoes a racemization reaction during the peptide attachment process, resulting in [Tyr(Et) 2 ]-A The impurity of tosiban, which is similar in polarity to atosiban itself, is difficult to completely remove through purification, thus affecting the quality of atosiban.

[table 0001]

Amino acid namealphabetic symbols
GlycineGly
OrnithineOrn
ProlinePro
cysteineCys
AsparagineAsn
ThreonineThr
IsoleucineIle
D-tyrosine (oxyethyl)D-Tyr(ET)

Table 3 List of intermediates and Fmoc protected amino acids

[0043]

[table 0002]

Fmoc-Orn(Boc)-OH
Fmoc-Pro-OH
Fmoc-Cys(Trt)-OH
Fmoc-Asn-OH
Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH
Fmoc-Ile-OH
Fmoc-D-Tyr(ET)-OH
Fmoc-Gly Rink Resin
Fmoc-Orn(Boc)-Gly Rink Resin
Fmoc-Pro-Orn(Boc)-Gly Rink Resin
Fmoc-Cys(Trt)-Pro-Orn(Boc)-Gly Rink Resin
Fmoc-Asn-Cys(Trt)-Pro-Orn(Boc)-Gly Rink Resin
Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-Asn-Cys(Trt)-Pro-Orn(Boc)-Gly Rink Resin
Fmoc-Ile-Thr(tBu)-Asn-Cys(Trt)-Pro-Orn(Boc)-Gly Rink Resin
Fmoc-D-Tyr(RT)-Ile-Thr(tBu)-Asn-Cys(Trt)-Pro-Orn(Boc)-Gly Rink Resin
Mpa(Trt)-D-Tyr(ET)-Ile-Thr(tBu)-Asn-Cys(Trt)-Pro-Orn(Boc)-Gly Rink Resin
str1

[0045]

According to the most preferred embodiment of the present invention, the method of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0046]

The first step: Fmoc-Gly Rink resin can be directly purchased, which reduces the first step of synthesis and improves the synthesis efficiency;

[0047]

The second step: preparing a deprotection solution: the deprotection solution is a mixture of piperidine/N,N-dimethylformamide, preferably piperidine/N,N-dimethylformamide in a volume ratio of 1/4.

[0048]

The third step: preparation of Fmoc-Orn(Boc)-Gly Rink resin: deprotect the Fmoc-Gly Rink resin obtained in the first step, wash with DMF, add Fmoc-Orn(Boc)-OH in DMF solution, Condensation reaction is carried out under the condition of peptide coupling condensing agent to obtain Fmoc-Orn(Boc)-Gly Rink resin;

[0049]

The fourth step: preparation of Fmoc-Pro-Orn(Boc)-Gly Rink resin: the peptide resin obtained in the fourth step is deprotected and washed, and then reacted with Fmoc-Pro-OH under the condition of a peptide coupling agent to obtain Fmoc-Pro-Orn(Boc)-Gly Rink resin;

[0050]

The fifth step: preparation of Fmoc-Cys(Trt)-Pro-Orn(Boc)-Gly Rink resin. The peptide resin obtained in the fifth step is deprotected and washed, and then reacted with Fmoc-Cys(Trt)-OH under the condition of peptide coupling agent to obtain Fmoc-Cys(Trt)-Pro-Orn(Boc)-Gly Rink resin;

[0051]

The sixth step: preparation of Fmoc-Asn-Cys(Trt)-Pro-Orn(Boc)-Gly Rink resin. The peptide resin obtained in the sixth step is deprotected and washed, and then reacted with Fmoc-Asn-OH under the condition of peptide coupling agent to obtain Fmoc-Asn-Cys(Trt)-Pro-Orn(Boc)-Gly Rink resin ;

[0052]

The seventh step: preparation of Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-Asn-Cys(Trt)-Pro-Orn(Boc)-Gly Rink resin. The peptide resin obtained in the seventh step was deprotected and washed, and then reacted with Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH under the condition of a peptide coupling agent. Obtain Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-Asn-Cys(Trt)-Pro-Orn(Boc)-Gly Rink resin;

[0053]

The eighth step: preparation of Fmoc-Ile-Thr(tBu)-Asn-Cys(Trt)-Pro-Orn(Boc)-Gly Rink resin. The peptide resin obtained in the eighth step is deprotected and washed, and then reacted with Fmoc-Ile-OH under the condition of a peptide coupling agent to obtain Fmoc-Ile-Thr(tBu)-Asn-Cys(Trt)-Pro-Orn (Boc)-Gly Rink resin;

[0054]

The ninth step: preparation of Fmoc-D-Tyr(RT)-Ile-Thr(tBu)-Asn-Cys(Trt)-Pro-Orn(Boc)-Gly Rink resin. The peptide resin obtained in the ninth step is deprotected and washed, and then reacted with Fmoc-D-Tyr(ET)-OH under the condition of a peptide coupling agent to obtain Fmoc-D-Tyr(RT)-Ile-Thr(tBu )-Asn-Cys(Trt)-Pro-Orn(Boc)-Gly Rink resin;

[0055]

The tenth step: preparation of Mpa(Trt)-D-Tyr(ET)-Ile-Thr(tBu)-Asn-Cys(Trt)-Pro-Orn(Boc)-Gly Rink resin. The peptide resin obtained in the tenth step is deprotected and washed, and then reacted with Mpa(Trt) under the condition of a peptide coupling agent to obtain Mpa(Trt)-D-Tyr(ET)-Ile-Thr(tBu)-Asn -Cys(Trt)-Pro-Orn(Boc)-Gly Rink resin;

[0056]

The eleventh step: Mpa(Trt)-D-Tyr(ET)-Ile-Thr(tBu)-Asn-Cys(Trt)-Pro-Orn(Boc)-Gly Rink resin in TFA/TIS/EDT/H2O =90/54/10/5 TFA, cleaved for 3 hours, and filtered to obtain crude peptide solution;

[0057]

The twelfth step: sedimentation and washing of the crude peptide solution with methyl tert-butyl ether, centrifugation at 2000 rpm, and vacuum drying to obtain a pale yellow solid powder of atosiban linear crude peptide;

[0058]

The thirteenth step: prepare three solutions for atosiban cyclization: solution A-sodium acetate buffered aqueous solution, solution B-aqueous solution of linear peptide atosiban crude peptide acetic acid, solution C: 30%-60% hydrogen peroxide solution ;

[0059]

The fourteenth step: Mix the above three solutions of A, B, and C at 15-25 ° C, and stir for 1-3 hours after mixing, so that the Mpa at the 1st position and the Cys at the 6th position form a disulfide bond to obtain Cyclized atosiban crude peptide.

[0060]

Step fifteen: Purify crude atosiban by preparative high performance liquid chromatography with a water/acetonitrile gradient from 100% water to 100% acetonitrile in 20 minutes.

[0061]

The sixteenth step: freeze-dry the purified atosiban solution at -50 to -70° C. for 18-48 hours with a freeze dryer.

[0062]

The purity of atosiban obtained by the method of the invention is more than 99.5%, and the total product yield is 55%-65%.

[0063]

The advantage of the method for preparing atosiban of the present invention is:

[0064]

The traditional SPPS synthesis of atosiban usually produces a large amount of waste with high disposal costs. This process adopts high-temperature SPPS process and selects different condensing agent combinations, which is faster than the conventional SPPS process, the product purity can reach more than 99.9%, the purity is better than that of the conventional atosiban process, the impurity content is low, and the product quality is high. The total yield can reach 55%-65%.

Detailed ways

[0065]

The invention will now be described with reference to specific embodiments. It must be understood that these examples are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Unless otherwise stated, percentages and parts are by weight. Unless otherwise specified, experimental materials and reagents used in the following examples were obtained from commercial sources.

[0066]

Example 1:

[0067]

Using Rink-Fmoc-Gly resin (40 g, substitution amount 0.61 mmol/g) as the starting material, the stepwise Fmoc-SPPS (solid phase peptide synthesis) method was used to synthesize the peptide. Fmoc deprotection was performed with piperidine in DMF (1:4 v/v). Subsequently, other amino acids in the sequence are connected in the following order, and the coupling reagents are N,N-diisopropylcarbodiimide, 2-(7-benzotriazole)-N,N,N’,N ‘-Tetramethylurea hexafluorophosphate mixed in a volume ratio of 1:1, Fmoc-Orn(Boc)-OH, Fmoc-Pro-OH, Fmoc-Cys(Trt)-OH, Fmoc-Asn-OH, Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH, Fmoc-Ile-OH, Fmoc-D-Tyr(ET)-OH, Mpa(Trt). Coupling and deprotection of amino acids were carried out at 90°C for 2-3 min and monitored with the Kaiser test. The peptide was cleaved with the lysing solution of TFA for 3 hours, precipitated and washed twice with methyl tert-butyl ether, and after centrifugal drying, the atosiban linear crude peptide was cyclized by the method of liquid phase synthesis, and the volume ratio was 1: 2:2 A solution-acetic acid-sodium acetate buffer aqueous solution (concentration is 30g/L), B solution-linear peptide atosiban crude peptide acetic acid aqueous solution and C solution: 60% hydrogen peroxide solution.

[0068]

The crude peptide yield was 85%. Crude atosiban was purified by preparative high performance liquid chromatography with a water/acetonitrile gradient from 100% water to 100% acetonitrile in 20 minutes. The purified atosiban solution is freeze-dried at -50 to -70° C. for 18 hours with a freeze dryer, the obtained atosiban has a purity of more than 99.5%, and the total product yield is 56%.

[0069]

Example 2:

[0070]

Using Rink-Fmoc-Gly resin (40 g, substitution amount 0.36 mmol/g) as the starting material, the stepwise Fmoc-SPPS (solid phase peptide synthesis) method was used to synthesize the peptide. Fmoc deprotection was performed with piperidine in DMF (1:4 v/v). Subsequently, the other amino acids in the sequence are connected in the following order, and the coupling reagents are N,N-tert-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide, 1-hydroxybenzotriazole and Oxyma, which are mixed in a volume ratio of 1:1:1 , Fmoc-Orn(Boc)-OH, Fmoc-Pro-OH, Fmoc-Cys(Trt)-OH, Fmoc-Asn-OH, Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH, Fmoc-Ile-OH, Fmoc-D- Tyr(ET)-OH, Mpa(Trt). Coupling and deprotection of amino acids were carried out at 90°C for 2-3 min and monitored with the Kaiser test. The peptide was cleaved with the lysing solution of TFA for 3 hours, precipitated with methyl tert-butyl ether and washed twice, and after centrifugal drying, the atosiban linear crude peptide was cyclized by the method of liquid phase synthesis, and the volume ratio was 1: 3:2 solution A-formic acid-sodium formate buffer aqueous solution (concentration 25g/L), solution B-linear peptide atosiban crude peptide formic acid aqueous solution and solution C: 30% hydrogen peroxide solution, and oxygen was introduced.

[0071]

The crude peptide yield was 83%. Crude atosiban was purified by preparative high performance liquid chromatography with a water/acetonitrile gradient from 100% water to 100% acetonitrile in 20 minutes. The purified atosiban solution is freeze-dried at -50 to -70° C. for 18 hours with a freeze dryer, the obtained atosiban has a purity greater than 99.5%, and the total product yield is 57%.

[0072]

Example 3:

[0073]

Using Rink-Fmoc-Gly resin (40 g, substitution amount 0.36 mmol/g) as the starting material, the stepwise Fmoc-SPPS (solid phase peptide synthesis) method was used to synthesize the peptide. Fmoc deprotection was performed with piperidine in DMF (1:4 v/v). Subsequently, other amino acids in the sequence were connected in the following order, and the coupling reagents were N,N-diisopropylethylamine, 2-(7-benzotriazole)-N,N,N’,N’- Two kinds of tetramethylurea hexafluorophosphate mixed in a 1:1 volume ratio, Fmoc-Orn(Boc)-OH, Fmoc-Pro-OH, Fmoc-Cys(Trt)-OH, Fmoc-Asn-OH, Fmoc- Thr(tBu)-OH, Fmoc-Ile-OH, Fmoc-D-Tyr(ET)-OH, Mpa(Trt). Coupling and deprotection of amino acids were carried out at 75°C for 2-3 min and monitored with the Kaiser test. The peptide was cleaved with the lysing solution of TFA for 3 hours, precipitated and washed twice with methyl tert-butyl ether, and after centrifugal drying, the atosiban linear crude peptide was cyclized by the method of liquid phase synthesis, and the volume ratio was 1: 2:3 solution A-sodium phosphate buffered aqueous solution (concentration 15g/L), solution B-linear peptide atosiban crude peptide phosphoric acid aqueous solution and solution C: DMSO aqueous solution (volume 1:1).

[0074]

The crude peptide yield was 80%. Crude atosiban was purified by preparative high performance liquid chromatography with a water/acetonitrile gradient from 100% water to 100% acetonitrile in 20 minutes. The purified atosiban solution is freeze-dried at -50 to -70 DEG C for 28 hours with a freeze dryer, the obtained atosiban has a purity of more than 99.5%, and the total product yield is 55%.

[0075]

Example 4:

[0076]

Using Rink-Fmoc-Gly resin (40 g, substitution amount 0.36 mmol/g) as the starting material, the stepwise Fmoc-SPPS (solid phase peptide synthesis) method was used to synthesize the peptide. Fmoc deprotection was performed with piperidine in DMF (1:3 by volume). Subsequently, the other amino acids in the sequence were connected in the following order, and the coupling reagents were selected from 2-oxime ethyl cyanoacetate, N,N-diisopropylcarbodiimide, and 1-hydroxybenzotriazole in a volume ratio of 1. :1:1 mix, Fmoc-Orn(Boc)-OH, Fmoc-Pro-OH, Fmoc-Cys(Trt)-OH, Fmoc-Asn-OH, Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH, Fmoc-Ile-OH , Fmoc-D-Tyr(ET)-OH, Mpa(Trt). Coupling and deprotection of amino acids were carried out at 80°C for 2-3 min and monitored with the Kaiser test. The peptide was cleaved with the lysing solution of TFA for 3 hours, precipitated with methyl tert-butyl ether and washed twice, and after centrifugal drying, the atosiban linear crude peptide was cyclized by the method of liquid phase synthesis, and the volume ratio was 1: 3:4 solution of A-trifluoroacetic acid-aqueous ammonia solution (concentration of 45 g/L), solution B-aqueous solution of linear peptide atosiban crude peptide trifluoroacetic acid and solution C: saturated aqueous iodine solution.

[0077]

The crude peptide yield was 78%. Crude atosiban was purified by preparative high performance liquid chromatography with a water/acetonitrile gradient from 100% water to 100% acetonitrile in 20 minutes. The purified atosiban solution is freeze-dried at -50 to -70° C. for 38 hours with a freeze dryer, the obtained atosiban has a purity of more than 99.5%, and the total product yield is 52%.

PATENT

WO/2022/141615

Atosiban Acetate Injection was first listed in Austria on March 23, 2000 under the trade name: Atosiban, a new type of anti-prematurity drug developed by Ferring GmbH, which is an oxytocin The analog is a competitive antagonist of oxytocin receptors in the uterus, decidua, and fetal membranes. It is a first-line drug recommended by the European Medical Association; it can inhibit the binding of oxytocin and oxytocin receptors, thereby directly inhibiting the effect of oxytocin. In the uterus, it can inhibit uterine contraction; it can also inhibit the hydrolysis of phosphatidylinositol.

Atosiban is a cyclic nonapeptide whose molecular formula is C 43 H 67 N 11 O 12 S 2 ; molecular weight is 994.19; CAS registration number is 90779-69-4; its peptide sequence is as follows:

Cyclo[Mpa-D-Tyr(Et)-Ile-Thr-Asn-Cys]-Pro-Orn-Gly-NH 2

In the Chinese patents with announcement numbers CN101314613B and CN101696236B, the solid-phase synthesis of atosiban uses Rink Amide AM Resin resin solid-phase coupling stepwise to obtain Mpa(Trt)-D-Tyr(Et)-Ile-Thr(tBu)- Asn(Trt)-Cys(Trt)-Pro-Orn(Boc)-Gly-Resin is directly oxidized in solid phase to generate disulfide bonds, and then cleaved to obtain atosiban. The Rink Amide AM Resin resin used in the prior art needs to be cracked under a strong acid environment, which is not conducive to product stability and has a greater operational risk; Mpr and Cys both have sulfhydryl groups, and the sulfhydryl groups have the ability to capture tBu to generate double tBu impurities, When the peptide resin after solid-phase oxidation is cleaved to remove the protective group and resin, due to the presence of tBu or tBu source Boc protective group, it requires high capture agent, which is not conducive to product quality control and reduces product yield.

The Chinese patent with publication number CN105408344B discloses a method for synthesizing atosiban starting from Fmoc-Orn-Gly-NH2, wherein Fmoc-Orn-Gly-NH2 is connected to trityl through the side chain of ornithine On the base resin, impurities can be effectively controlled. However, using dipeptide and trityl-type resin for coupling, the resin attached to the Orn side chain of the dipeptide increases the steric hindrance of the subsequent Pro coupling and prolongs the coupling time, which is easy to cause missing peptide impurities.

Example 1. Synthesis of Fmoc-Pro-Orn-Gly-NH 2 tripeptide

[0027]

Fmoc-Pro-OH (134.94 g, 400 mmol) and N-hydroxysuccinimide (46.00 g, 400 mmol) were weighed into 1600 ml of tetrahydrofuran, and stirred at room temperature. The temperature was controlled at about 5°C, and a solution of DCC (90.72g, 440mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (320ml) was slowly added and stirred at room temperature for 2.5h, filtered, concentrated and added to petroleum ether for recrystallization to precipitate a solid, washed and dried, and the obtained activated ester was The solid was dissolved in 400 ml of tetrahydrofuran, and H-Orn(Boc)-NH 2 (92.92 g, 400 mmol) was dissolved in 300 ml of tetrahydrofuran and slowly added dropwise to the above solution. After dropping, the reaction was continued at room temperature. Concentrate to dryness under reduced pressure, add N-hydroxysuccinimide (46.00 g, 400 mmol) and 1600 ml of tetrahydrofuran to dissolve, and stir at room temperature. The temperature was controlled at about 5°C, and a solution of DCC (90.72g, 440mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (320ml) was slowly added and stirred at room temperature for 2.5h, filtered, concentrated and added to petroleum ether for recrystallization to precipitate a solid, washed and dried, and the obtained activated ester was The solid was dissolved in 400 ml of tetrahydrofuran, and H-Gly-NH 2 (29.64 g, 400 mmol) was dissolved in 300 ml of tetrahydrofuran and slowly added dropwise to the above solution, and the reaction was continued at room temperature after dropping, and the monitoring of the raw materials was completed. The reaction was filtered, and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure. Dry, add 1000 mL of 5% TFA/DCM solution to the reaction solution, continue to react for 1 h, and concentrate to dryness to obtain a yellow oil, which is recrystallized from isopropanol to obtain 171.56 g of white solid with a yield of 69%.

[0028]

Example 2. Synthesis of Fmoc-Pro-Orn (trityl resin)-Gly-NH 2 peptide resin with a degree of substitution of 0.42 mmol/g

[0029]

Trityl resin (37.5 g, 30 mmol, substitution degree: 0.80 mmol/g) was weighed into a solid-phase reaction synthesis column. 400 mL of dry DMF was added to swell for 30 min, and the DMF was removed. The resin was washed with 3*400 mL of dry DMF, and the DMF was removed. Fmoc-Pro-Orn-Gly-NH 2 (37.30 g, 60 mmol) prepared in Example 1 , DIEA (11.63 g, 90 mmol) were added, 100 mL of dry DMF was added to dissolve and clarified, added to the resin to react for 2 h, and methanol (9.61 mmol) was added. g, 300 mmol) reacted for 20 min, sucked dry, washed the resin with 3*400 mL of CH 2 Cl 2 , and removed CH 2 Cl 2 . The resin was taken out and dried under vacuum at 25-35° C. to obtain 52.14 g of Fmoc-Pro-Orn (trityl resin)-Gly-NH 2 resin with a measured substitution degree of 0.42 mmol/g.

[0030]

Example 3. Synthesis of Fmoc-Pro-Orn(2-CTC Resin)-Gly-NH 2 peptide resin with a degree of substitution of 0.50 mmol/g

[0031]

2-CTC Resin resin (30.0 g, 30 mmol, substitution degree: 1.00 mmol/g) was weighed into a solid-phase reaction synthesis column. 400 mL of dry DMF was added to swell for 30 min, and the DMF was removed. The resin was washed with 3*400 mL of dry DMF, and the DMF was removed. Fmoc-Pro-Orn-Gly-NH 2 (37.30 g, 60 mmol) prepared in Example 1 , DIEA (11.63 g, 90 mmol) were added, 100 mL of dry DMF was added to dissolve and clarified, added to the resin to react for 2 h, and methanol (9.61 mmol) was added. g, 300 mmol) reacted for 20 min, sucked dry, washed the resin with 3*400 mL of CH 2 Cl 2 , and removed CH 2 Cl 2 . The resin was taken out and dried under vacuum at 25-35° C. to obtain 43.80 g of Fmoc-Pro-Orn(2-CTC Resin)-Gly-NH 2 resin with a measured substitution degree of 0.50 mmol/g.

[0032]

Example 4. Synthesis of Fmoc-Pro-Orn (4-methyl-trityl resin)-Gly-NH 2 peptide resin with a degree of substitution of 0.50 mmol/g

[0033]

4-methyl-trityl resin (33.33 g, 30 mmol, substitution degree: 0.90 mmol/g) was weighed into a solid-phase reaction synthesis column. 400 mL of dry DMF was added to swell for 30 min, and the DMF was removed. The resin was washed with 3*400 mL of dry DMF, and the DMF was removed. Fmoc-Pro-Orn-Gly-NH 2 (37.30 g, 60 mmol) prepared in Example 1 , DIEA (11.63 g, 90 mmol) were added, 100 mL of dry DMF was added to dissolve and clarified, added to the resin to react for 2 h, and methanol (9.61 mmol) was added. g, 300 mmol) reacted for 20 min, sucked dry, washed the resin with 3*400 mL of CH 2 Cl 2 , and removed CH 2 Cl 2 . The resin was taken out and dried under vacuum at 25-35° C. to obtain 43.89 g of Fmoc-Pro-Orn (4-methyl-trityl resin)-Gly-NH 2 resin with a measured substitution degree of 0.50 mmol/g.

[0034]

Example 5. Synthesis of Fmoc-Pro-Orn (4-methoxy-trityl resin)-Gly-NH 2 peptide resin with a degree of substitution of 0.50 mmol/g

[0035]

4-Methoxy-trityl resin (30.0 g, 30 mmol, substitution degree: 1.00 mmol/g) was weighed into a solid-phase reaction synthesis column. 400 mL of dry DMF was added to swell for 30 min, and the DMF was removed. The resin was washed with 3*400 mL of dry DMF, and the DMF was removed. Fmoc-Pro-Orn-Gly-NH 2 (37.30 g, 60 mmol) prepared in Example 1 , DIEA (11.63 g, 90 mmol) were added, 100 mL of dry DMF was added to dissolve and clarified, added to the resin to react for 2 h, and methanol (9.61 mmol) was added. g, 300 mmol) reacted for 20 min, sucked dry, washed the resin with 3*400 mL of CH 2 Cl 2 , and removed CH 2 Cl 2 . The resin was taken out and dried under vacuum at 25-35° C. to obtain 43.69 g of Fmoc-Pro-Orn (4-methoxy-trityl resin)-Gly-NH 2 resin with a measured substitution degree of 0.50 mmol/g.

[0036]

Example 6. Synthesis of Atosiban Linear Peptide Resin 1

[0037]

Fmoc-Pro-Orn (trityl resin)-Gly-NH 2 (35.71 g) prepared in Example 2 was weighed into a solid-phase reaction synthesis column. 400 mL of DMF was added to swell for 30 min, and the DMF was removed. The resin was washed with 3*200 mL of dry DMF, and the DMF was removed. 200 mL of DBLK solution (20% piperidine/DMF solution, V/V) was added and deprotected twice, the first time was 5 min and the second time was 15 min. After deprotection, the resin was washed with 200 mL of DMF each time, and washed 6 times. After the fourth washing, a little resin was taken with a glass rod. The ninhydrin test was positive, indicating that Fmoc had been removed.

[0038]

Weigh 17.57g Fmoc-Cys(Trt)-OH and 4.86g HOBt, add 100mL DMF to dissolve, after complete dissolution, cool the solution to below 5°C, then add 5.68g DIC (pre-cooled to <0°C), Activated in the solution for about 3 to 5 minutes, the activated solution was added to the reaction column under control, and reacted at 20 to 35 °C for 2 to 3 hours. The ninhydrin test was negative. The reaction solution was removed, and 200 mL of DMF was added to wash the resin. 6 times. After washing, the washing liquid was removed to obtain Fmoc-Cys(Trt)-Pro-Orn (trityl resin)-Gly-NH 2 .

[0039]

Repeat the step of receiving the peptide and remove the Fmoc protective group. According to the amino acid sequence of atosiban, Fmoc-Cys(Trt)-Pro-Orn (trityl resin)-Gly-NH 2 was coupled to Fmoc- Asn-OH, Fmoc-Thr-OH, Fmoc-Ile-OH, Fmoc-D-Tyr(Et)-OH, Mpa(Trt)-OH give Mpa(Trt)-D-Tyr(Et)-Ile-Thr- Asn-Cys(Trt)-Pro-Orn (trityl resin)-Gly- NH2 . After washing with DMF, the washing solution was removed. The resin was washed with 200 ml of DCM each time, 4 times, 5 min/time, the DCM was removed, and the resin was vacuum-dried at room temperature (20-35° C.) until it was quicksand. The peptide resin was 48.72g after drying, and the resin weight gain was 89.0%.

[0040]

Example 7. Synthesis of atosiban linear peptide resin 2

[0041]

Fmoc-Pro-Orn(2-CTC Resin)-Gly-NH 2 (30.00 g) prepared in Example 3 was weighed into a solid-phase reaction synthesis column. 400 mL of DMF was added to swell for 30 min, and the DMF was removed. The resin was washed with 3*200 mL of dry DMF, and the DMF was removed. 200 mL of DBLK solution (20% piperidine/DMF solution, V/V) was added and deprotected twice, the first time was 5 min and the second time was 15 min. After deprotection, the resin was washed with 200 mL of DMF each time, and washed 6 times. After the fourth washing, a little resin was taken with a glass rod. The ninhydrin test was positive, indicating that Fmoc had been removed.

[0042]

Weigh 17.57g Fmoc-Cys(Trt)-OH and 13.65g HBTU, add 100mL DMF to dissolve, after complete dissolution, cool the solution to below 5°C, then add 5.82g DIEA (pre-cooled to <0°C), put Activated in the solution for about 3 to 5 minutes, the activated solution was added to the reaction column under control, and reacted at 20 to 35 °C for 2 to 3 hours. The ninhydrin test was negative. The reaction solution was removed, and 200 mL of DMF was added to wash the resin. 6 times. After washing, the washing solution was removed to obtain Fmoc-Cys(Trt)-Pro-Orn(2-CTC Resin)-Gly-NH 2 .

[0043]

Fmoc-D-Tyr(Et)-OH (86.30 g, 200 mmol) and N-hydroxysuccinimide (23.00 g, 200 mmol) were weighed into 800 ml of tetrahydrofuran, and stirred at room temperature. The temperature was controlled at about 5°C, and a solution of DCC (45.36g, 220mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (160ml) was slowly added and stirred at room temperature for 2.5h, filtered, concentrated and added to petroleum ether for recrystallization to precipitate a solid, washed and dried, and the obtained activated ester was The solid was dissolved in 200 ml of tetrahydrofuran, and H-Ile-OH (26.24 g, 200 mmol) was dissolved in 150 ml of tetrahydrofuran and slowly added dropwise to the above solution. After dropping, the reaction was continued at room temperature. The monitoring of the raw materials was completed. After filtration, the solution was concentrated under reduced pressure. , the concentrated solution was added to petroleum ether to separate out the solid, the solid was washed and then dried, recrystallized and dried with isopropanol to obtain 75.60 g of Fmoc-D-Tyr(Et)-Ile-OH with a yield of 75%.

[0044]

Repeat the step of receiving the peptide and removing the Fmoc protective group. According to the amino acid sequence of atosiban, sequentially couple Fmoc-Asn on Fmoc-Cys(Trt)-Pro-Orn(2-CTC Resin)-Gly-NH 2 -OH, Fmoc-Thr-OH, Fmoc-D-Tyr(Et)-Ile-OH, Mpa(Trt)-OH to give Mpa(Trt)-D-Tyr(Et)-Ile-Thr-Asn-Cys(Trt )-Pro-Orn( 2 -CTC Resin)-Gly-NH2 . After washing with DMF, the washing solution was removed. The resin was washed with 200 ml of DCM each time, 4 times, 5 min/time, the DCM was removed, and the resin was vacuum-dried at room temperature (20-35° C.) until it was quicksand. The peptide resin was 42.77g after drying, and the resin weight gain rate was 87.4%.

[0045]

Example 8. Synthesis of atosiban linear peptide resin 3

[0046]

Fmoc-Pro-Orn (4-methyl-trityl resin)-Gly-NH 2 (30.00 g) prepared in Example 4 was weighed into a solid-phase reaction synthesis column. 400 mL of DMF was added to swell for 30 min, and the DMF was removed. The resin was washed with 3*200 mL of dry DMF, and the DMF was removed. 200 mL of DBLK solution (20% piperidine/DMF solution, V/V) was added and deprotected twice, the first time was 5 min and the second time was 15 min. After deprotection, the resin was washed with 200 mL of DMF each time, and washed 6 times. After the fourth washing, a little resin was taken with a glass rod, and the ninhydrin test was positive, indicating that Fmoc had been removed.

[0047]

Weigh 17.57g Fmoc-Cys(Trt)-OH, 13.65g HBTU and 4.05g HOBt, add 100mL DMF to dissolve, after complete dissolution, cool the solution to below 5°C, then add 5.82g DIEA (pre-cooled to <0 ℃), activate in the solution for about 3-5min, add the activated solution to the reaction column, react at 20-35 ℃ for 2-3h, the ninhydrin test is negative, remove the reaction solution, add 200mL of DMF The resin was washed 6 times. After washing, the washing liquid was removed to obtain Fmoc-Cys(Trt)-Pro-Orn(4-methyl-trityl resin)-Gly-NH 2 .

[0048]

Mpa(Trt)-OH (69.69 g, 200 mmol) and N-hydroxysuccinimide (23.00 g, 200 mmol) were weighed into 800 ml of tetrahydrofuran, and stirred at room temperature. The temperature was controlled at about 5°C, and a solution of DCC (45.36g, 220mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (160ml) was slowly added and stirred at room temperature for 2.5h, filtered, concentrated and added to petroleum ether for recrystallization to precipitate a solid, washed and dried, and the obtained activated ester was The solid was dissolved in 200 ml of tetrahydrofuran, and HD-Tyr(Et)-OH (41.85 g, 200 mmol) was dissolved in 150 ml of tetrahydrofuran and slowly added dropwise to the above solution. After dropping, the reaction was continued at room temperature. Concentrate under reduced pressure, add the concentrated solution to petroleum ether to precipitate a solid, wash the solid and then dry it, recrystallize and dry with isopropanol to obtain Mpa(Trt)-D-Tyr(Et)-OH 77.98g, yield 72%.

[0049]

Repeat the step of receiving the peptide and removing the Fmoc protective group, according to the amino acid sequence of atosiban, on Fmoc-Cys(Trt)-Pro-Orn (4-methyl-trityl resin)-Gly- NH 2 Fmoc-Asn-OH, Fmoc-Thr-OH, Fmoc-Ile-OH, Mpa(Trt)-D-Tyr(Et)-OH were sequentially coupled to obtain Mpa(Trt)-D-Tyr(Et)-Ile-Thr -Asn-Cys(Trt)-Pro-Orn(4-methyl-trityl resin)-Gly- NH2 . After washing with DMF, the washing solution was removed. The resin was washed with 200 ml of DCM each time, 4 times, 5 min/time, the DCM was removed, and the resin was vacuum-dried at room temperature (20-35° C.) until it was quicksand. The peptide resin was 42.91g after drying, and the resin weight gain rate was 88.3%.

[0050]

Example 9. Synthesis of atosiban linear peptide resin 4

[0051]

Fmoc-Pro-Orn (4-methoxy-trityl resin)-Gly-NH 2 (30.00 g) prepared in Example 5 was weighed into a solid-phase reaction synthesis column. 400 mL of DMF was added to swell for 30 min, and the DMF was removed. The resin was washed with 3*200 mL of dry DMF, and the DMF was removed. 200 mL of DBLK solution (20% piperidine/DMF solution, V/V) was added and deprotected twice, the first time was 5 min and the second time was 15 min. After deprotection, the resin was washed with 200 mL of DMF each time, and washed 6 times. After the fourth washing, a little resin was taken with a glass rod. The ninhydrin test was positive, indicating that Fmoc had been removed.

[0052]

Fmoc-Asn-OH (70.87 g, 200 mmol) and N-hydroxysuccinimide (23.00 g, 200 mmol) were weighed into 800 ml of tetrahydrofuran, and stirred at room temperature. The temperature was controlled at about 5°C, and a solution of DCC (45.36g, 220mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (160ml) was slowly added and stirred at room temperature for 2.5h, filtered, concentrated and added to petroleum ether for recrystallization to precipitate a solid, washed and dried, and the obtained activated ester was The solid was dissolved in 200 ml of tetrahydrofuran, and H-Cys(Trt)-OH (79.96 g, 200 mmol) was dissolved in 150 ml of tetrahydrofuran and slowly added dropwise to the above solution. After dropping, the reaction was continued at room temperature. Concentrate under reduced pressure, add the concentrated solution to petroleum ether to precipitate a solid, wash the solid and then dry, recrystallize and dry with isopropanol to obtain Fmoc-Asn-Cys(Trt)-OH 102.17g, yield 73%.

[0053]

Weigh 20.99g Fmoc-Asn-Cys(Trt)-OH and 13.65g HCTU, add 100mL DMF to dissolve, after complete dissolution, cool the solution to below 5°C, then add 5.82g DIEA (pre-cool to <0°C) , activate in the solution for about 3-5min, add the activated solution to the reaction column, react at 20-35°C for 2-3h, the ninhydrin test is negative, remove the reaction solution, add 200mL of DMF to wash the resin , wash 6 times. After washing, the washing liquid was removed to obtain Fmoc-Asn-Cys(Trt)-Pro-Orn(4-methoxy-trityl resin)-Gly-NH 2 .

[0054]

Repeat the step of receiving the peptide and removing the Fmoc protective group. According to the amino acid sequence of atosiban, in Fmoc-Asn-Cys(Trt)-Pro-Orn(4-methoxy-trityl resin)-Gly- Fmoc-Thr-OH, Fmoc-Ile-OH, Fmoc-D-Tyr(Et)-OH, Mpa(Trt)-OH were sequentially coupled on NH 2 to obtain Mpa(Trt)-D-Tyr(Et)-Ile- Thr-Asn-Cys(Trt)-Pro-Orn(4-methoxy-trityl resin)-Gly- NH2 . After washing with DMF, the washing solution was removed. The resin was washed with 200 ml of DCM each time, 4 times, 5 min/time, the DCM was removed, and the resin was vacuum-dried at room temperature (20-35° C.) until it was quicksand. The peptide resin was 42.28g after drying, and the resin weight gain was 84.0%.

[0055]

Example 10. Synthesis of atosiban crude peptide 1

[0056]

Configure 487.2ml of TFA/DCM=2/98 (V/V) lysis solution, cool to 5-10°C, add 48.72g of peptide resin prepared in Example 6 into the lysis solution, at room temperature (20-35°C) React for 5h, filter, wash the peptide resin twice with acetonitrile, 50ml/time, combine into the filtrate, spin the filtrate to dry, obtain a solid after drying, wash with isopropyl ether, filter, and dry under reduced pressure at 20-35°C to constant weight To obtain 14.77g of atosiban linear peptide, dissolve 14.30g of atosiban linear peptide in 0.75L of glacial acetic acid, add 6.75L of water to dilute, add 0.1M/L iodine ethanol solution dropwise until the solution changes color, react at room temperature for 1.0h, That is, the crude atosiban peptide is obtained, and its HPLC spectrum is shown in Figure 1.

[0057]

Example 11. Synthesis of atosiban crude peptide 2

[0058]

Configure TFA/DCM=5/95 (V/V) lysate 448.6ml, cool to 5~10℃, add 42.77g of peptide resin prepared in Example 7 into the lysate, at room temperature (20~35℃) React for 3h, filter, wash the peptide resin twice with acetonitrile, 50ml/time, combine into the filtrate, spin the filtrate, dry to obtain a solid, wash with isopropyl ether, filter, and dry under reduced pressure at 20-35°C to constant weight To obtain 14.21g of atosiban linear peptide, dissolve 14.21g of atosiban linear peptide in 1.5L of glacial acetic acid, add 6L of water to dilute, add 0.1M/L iodoethanol solution dropwise until the solution changes color, react at room temperature for 1.0h, that is The crude atosiban peptide was obtained, and its HPLC chromatogram was similar to that in Figure 1.

[0059]

Example 12. Synthesis of atosiban crude peptide 3

[0060]

Configure 450.5ml of TFA/DCM=20/80(V/V) lysis solution, cool to 5~10℃, add 45.05g of peptide resin prepared in Example 8 into the lysis solution, at room temperature (20~35℃) React for 2h, filter, wash the peptide resin twice with acetonitrile, 50ml/time, combine into the filtrate, spin the filtrate to dry, obtain a solid after drying, wash with isopropyl ether, filter, and dry under reduced pressure at 20-35°C to constant weight To obtain 14.63g of atosiban linear peptide, dissolve 14.63g of atosiban linear peptide in 1.5L of glacial acetic acid, add 6L of water to dilute, add 10% hydrogen peroxide solution, and react at room temperature for 1.0h to obtain atosiban Crude peptide, its HPLC chromatogram is similar to Figure 1.

[0061]

Example 13. Synthesis of atosiban crude peptide 4

[0062]

Configure TFA/DCM=1/99 (V/V) lysate 442.7ml, cool to 5~10℃, add 44.27g of peptide resin prepared in Example 9 into the lysate, at room temperature (20~35℃) React for 5h, filter, wash the peptide resin twice with acetonitrile, 50ml/time, combine into the filtrate, spin the filtrate to dry, obtain a solid after drying, wash with isopropyl ether, filter, and dry under reduced pressure at 20-35°C to constant weight To obtain 14.13 g of atosiban linear peptide, dissolve 14.13 g of atosiban linear peptide in 1.5 L of glacial acetic acid, add 6 L of water to dilute, add 30% hydrogen peroxide solution, and react at room temperature for 1.0 h to obtain atosiban Crude peptide, its HPLC chromatogram is similar to Figure 1.

[0063]

Example 14. Purification of atosiban crude peptide 1

[0064]

The atosiban crude peptide prepared in Example 10 was dissolved in 15% acetonitrile aqueous solution and filtered, purified by preparative reverse-phase HPLC (C18 column), transferred to salt, collected more than 99% of the fraction, concentrated and lyophilized to obtain 10.12g , the yield is 64%, the purity is 99%, and the HPLC spectrum of the obtained atosiban peptide is shown in Figure 2.

[0065]

Example 15. Purification of atosiban crude peptide 2

[0066]

The crude atosiban peptide obtained in Example 11 was dissolved in a 15% acetonitrile aqueous solution and filtered, purified by preparative reverse-phase HPLC (C18 column), transferred to salt, collected more than 99% of the fraction, concentrated and lyophilized to obtain 9.80 g , the yield is 62%, the purity is 99%, and the obtained atosiban peptide HPLC spectrum is similar to Figure 2.

[0067]

Example 16. Purification of atosiban crude peptide 3

[0068]

The crude atosiban peptide obtained in Example 12 was dissolved in a 15% acetonitrile aqueous solution and filtered, purified by preparative reverse-phase HPLC (C18 column), transferred to salt, collected more than 99% of the fraction, concentrated and lyophilized to obtain 10.28g , the yield is 65%, the purity is 99%, and the HPLC spectrum of the obtained atosiban peptide is similar to that in Figure 2.

[0069]

Example 17. Purification of atosiban crude peptide 4

[0070]

The crude atosiban peptide obtained in Example 13 was dissolved in 15% acetonitrile aqueous solution and filtered, purified by preparative reverse-phase HPLC (C18 column), transferred to salt, collected more than 99% of the fraction, concentrated and lyophilized to obtain 10.27g , the yield is 65%, the purity is 99%, and the HPLC spectrum of the obtained atosiban peptide is similar to that in Figure 2.

PATENT

https://patents.google.com/patent/US9434767B2/es

Atosiban is a nonapeptide which contains three non-natural amino acids: D-Tyr(Et), Mpa and Orn, and a pair of disulfide bonds looped between Mpa and Cys, the structural formula is:
c[Mpa-D-Tyr(Et)-Ile-Thr-Asn-Cys]-Pro-Orn-Gly-NH2.

By means of competing for oxytocin receptor with oxytocin, Atosiban can inhibit the combination between oxytocin and oxytocin receptor, and directly prevent the oxytocin from acting on uterus, and then inhibit the uterine contraction; as another hand, atosiban can also inhibit the hydrolysis of phosphatidylinositol and then block the generation of messenger and activity of Ca2+, with the decreasing of activity from oxytocin, the contraction of uterine is indirectly inhabited.

At present, there are many reports about synthesis process method in China and abroad A report in China shows that the inventor found a simple process by adopting solid phase oxidation, resulting in a low purity crude product, with low yield and low application value. The aforementioned reports about atosiban synthesis process reveal that most of them adopt the method using Boc solid phase synthetic and cleaving peptide with liquid ammonia, then oxidating with liquid phase oxidation, and purifying. Those respective processes result in “the three wastes” and are too complex for industrial production. See U.S. Pat. No. 4,504,469.

Example 1Preparing the Linear Atosiban Peptide Resin

(i) 6.25 g of Rink Amide resin (substitutability=0.8 mmol/g) is put into a reaction bottle, DMF is added into the bottle and washed twice, then swelled for 30 min with DMF. Fmoc protecting group of Rink Amide resin is removed with 30-40 ml of 20% DBLK, washed for 4 times with DMF, then washed twice with DCM after removal, the product is detected by ninhydrin detecting method, the resin is reddish-brown.

(ii) 4.46 g of Fmoc-Gly-OH and 2.43 g of HOBt dissolved in a suitable amount of DMF, which had been pre-activated with 3.05 ml DIC; the mixture is, added to the reaction bottle, and reacted for 2 h, the resin is negative by ninhydrin detecting method, after the reaction, the product is washed for 4 times with DMF, then washed twice with DCM, if the resin is positive, repeating the above condensation reaction until negative.

(iii) Fmoc-Orn(Boc)-OH, Fmoc-Pro-OH, Fmoc-Cys(Trt)-OH, Fmoc-Asn(Trt)-OH, Fmoc-Thr(tBu)-OH, Fmoc-Ile-OH, Fmoc-D-Tyr(ET)-OH and Mpa(Trt)-OH are coupled orderly.

Example 2Cleaving the Linear Atosiban Peptide Resin

5.15 g of linear atosiban is prepared by washing the linear atosiban peptide resin obtained from Example 1 for 3 times with 30 ml of methanol, adding the dry resin obtained to 150 ml of mixed solution with a volume ratio of TFA:H2O=95:5, reacting for 2 hours at 25° C. and filtering, washing the resin for 3 times with few trifluoroacetic acid, combining the filtrate and pouring into 1500 ml glacial ether, making rest for 2 hours, centrifugally separating the linear atosiban, washing for 3 times, and drying in a vacuum drier, MS: 995.3, HPLC: 91.5%, content: 65.5%, synthesis yield: 68%.

Example 3Oxidizing the Linear Atosiban

2.85 g of atosiban acetate is prepared by dissolving the linear atosiban obtained from Example 2 in 250 ml of 5% acetonitrile aqueous solution, adjusting the pH value to 8 to 9 with 30% ammonia water, adding 0.60 g of H2O2, reacting for 10 min at 25° C., monitoring with HPLC (HPLC: 75.6%), filtering after reaction, purifying filtrate by preparative RP-HPLC (column C18 or C8), transferring salt, and freeze-drying, MS: 994.5, HPLC: 99.4%.

Example 4Oxidizing the Linear Atosiban

3.01 g of atosiban acetate is prepared by dissolving the linear atosiban obtained from Example 2 in 250 ml of 10% acetonitrile aqueous solution, adjusting the pH value to 8 to 9 with 30% ammonia water, adding 0.85 g of H2O2, reacting for 30 min at 25° C., monitoring with HPLC (HPLC: 89.5%), filtering after reaction, purifying filtrate by preparative RP-HPLC (column C18 or C8), transferring salt, and freeze-drying, MS: 994.5, HPLC: 99.6%.

Example 5Oxidizing the Linear Atosiban

2.95 g of atosiban acetate is prepared by dissolving the linear atosiban obtained from Example 2 in 250 ml of 10% acetonitrile aqueous solution, adjusting the pH value to 8 to 9 with 30% ammonia water, adding 0.85 g of H2O2, reacting for 60 min at 25° C., monitoring with HPLC (HPLC: 83.5%), filtering after reaction, purifying filtrate by preparative RP-HPLC (column C18 or C8), transferring salt, and freeze-drying, MS: 994.5, HPLC: 99.4%.

The above is the further detailed description of the invention in conjunction with specific preferred examples, but it should not be considered that the specific examples of the invention are only limited to the these descriptions. For one of ordinary skill in the art, many deductions and replacements can be made without departing from the inventive concept. Such deductions and replacements should fall within the scope of protection of the invention.

Clips

https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/6/1920/htm

Molecules 27 01920 g001 550

Figure 1. Structure of Atosiban, pentapeptide intermediate, BSA and NHS ester.

Molecules 27 01920 g002 550

Figure 2. Synthesis of Boc-Cys(Bzl)-Pro-COOH using BSA/NHS as coupling agents.

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Clinical trials

Atosiban vs. nifedipine

A 2013 retrospective study comparing the efficacy and safety of atosiban and nifedipine in the suppression of preterm labour concluded that atosiban and nifedipine are effective in delaying delivery for seven days or more in women presenting with preterm labour.[16] A total of 68.3% of women in the atosiban group remained undelivered at seven days or more, compared with 64.7% in the nifedipine group.[16] They have the same efficacy and associated minor side effects.[16] However, flushing, palpitation, and hypotension were significantly higher in the nifedipine group.[16]

A 2012 clinical trial compared tocolytic efficacy and tolerability of atosiban with that of nifedipine.[17] Forty-eight (68.6%) women allocated to atosiban and 39 (52%) to nifedipine did not deliver and did not require an alternate agent at 48 hours, respectively (p=.03).[17] Atosiban has fewer failures within 48 hours.[17] Nifedipine may be associated with a longer postponement of delivery.[17]

A 2009 randomised controlled study demonstrated for the first time the direct effects of atosiban on fetal movement, heart rate, and blood flow.[18] Tocolysis with either atosiban or nifedipine combined with betamethasone administration had no direct fetal adverse effects.[18]

Atosiban vs. ritodrine

Multicentre, controlled trial of atosiban vs. ritodrine in 128 women shows a significantly better tocolytic efficacy after 7 days in the atosiban group than in the ritodrine group (60.3 versus 34.9%), but not at 48 hours (68.3 versus 58.7%). Maternal adverse events were reported less frequently in the atosiban group (7.9 vs 70.8%), resulting in fewer early drug terminations due to adverse events (0 versus 20%). Therefore, atosiban is superior to ritodrine in the treatment of preterm labour.[19]

Brand names

In India it is marketed under the brand name Tosiban by Zuventus healthcare ltd.

References

  1. ^ “Atosiban International Drug Names”Drugs.com. 10 April 2020. Retrieved 29 April 2020.
  2. ^ “Tractocile 7.5 mg/ml Solution for Injection – Summary of Product Characteristics (SmPC)”(emc). Retrieved 29 April 2020.
  3. ^ “Tractocile 7.5 mg/ml Concentrate for Solution for Infusion – Summary of Product Characteristics (SmPC)”(emc). 24 June 2013. Retrieved 29 April 2020.
  4. Jump up to:a b c d e f g “Tractocile EPAR”European Medicines Agency (EMA). Retrieved 29 April 2020. Public Domain This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
  5. ^ Akerlund M, Carlsson AM, Melin P, Trojnar J (1985). “The effect on the human uterus of two newly developed competitive inhibitors of oxytocin and vasopressin”. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand64 (6): 499–504. doi:10.3109/00016348509156728PMID 4061066S2CID 25799128.
  6. ^ Sanu O, Lamont RF (2010). “Critical appraisal and clinical utility of atosiban in the management of preterm labor”Ther Clin Risk Manag6: 191–199. doi:10.2147/tcrm.s9378PMC 2861440PMID 20463780.
  7. Jump up to:a b Chou PY, Wu MH, Pan HA, Hung KH, Chang FM (June 2011). “Use of an oxytocin antagonist in in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer for women with repeated implantation failure: a retrospective study”Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol50 (2): 136–40. doi:10.1016/j.tjog.2011.04.003PMID 21791296.
  8. ^ Lan, VT; Khang, VN; Nhu, GH; Tuong, HM (September 2012). “Atosiban improves implantation and pregnancy rates in patients with repeated implantation failure”. Reprod Biomed Online25 (3): 254–60. doi:10.1016/j.rbmo.2012.05.014PMID 22818095.
  9. Jump up to:a b Wu, MY; Chen, SU; Yang, YS (December 2011). “Using atosiban in uterine contractions of early pregnancies after assisted reproduction”J Formos Med Assoc110 (12): 800. doi:10.1016/j.jfma.2011.11.016PMID 22248840.
  10. ^ Conde-Agudelo, A; Romero, R; Kusanovic, JP (2011). “Nifedipine in the management of preterm labor: a systematic review and metaanalysis”Am J Obstet Gynecol204 (2): 134.e1–134.e20. doi:10.1016/j.ajog.2010.11.038PMC 3437772PMID 21284967.
  11. ^ Lamont, Ronald F; Kam, KY Ronald (March 2008). “Atosiban as a tocolytic for the treatment of spontaneous preterm labor”. Expert Review of Obstetrics & Gynecology3 (2): 163–174. doi:10.1586/17474108.3.2.163ISSN 1747-4108.
  12. Jump up to:a b c Lamont, Ronald F.; Kam, KY Ronald (2008). “Atosiban as a tocolytic for the treatment of spontaneous preterm labor”. Expert Review of Obstetrics & Gynecology3 (2): 163–174. doi:10.1586/17474108.3.2.163.
  13. ^ Lamont CD, Jørgensen JS, Lamont RF (September 2016). “The safety of tocolytics used for the inhibition of preterm labour”. Expert Opinion on Drug Safety15 (9): 1163–73. doi:10.1080/14740338.2016.1187128PMID 27159501S2CID 4937942It was for this reason and the fact that Tractocile (atosiban) only had a short duration before it was out of patent that the parent drug company decided not to pursue licensing in the USA.
  14. ^ Coomarasamy, A; Knox, EM; Gee, H; Khan, KS (November 2002). “Oxytocin antagonists for tocolysis in preterm labour — a systematic review”. Med Sci Monit8 (11): RA268–73. PMID 12444392.
  15. ^ Flenady, Vicki; Reinebrant, Hanna E.; Liley, Helen G.; Tambimuttu, Eashan G.; Papatsonis, Dimitri N. M. (6 June 2014). “Oxytocin receptor antagonists for inhibiting preterm labour” (PDF). The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (6): CD004452. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD004452.pub3ISSN 1469-493XPMID 24903678.
  16. Jump up to:a b c d Saleh SS, Al-Ramahi MQ, Al Kazaleh FA (January 2013). “Atosiban and nifedipine in the suppression of preterm labour: a comparative study”. J Obstet Gynaecol33 (1): 43–5. doi:10.3109/01443615.2012.721822PMID 23259877S2CID 20753923.
  17. Jump up to:a b c d Salim R, Garmi G, Nachum Z, Zafran N, Baram S, Shalev E (December 2012). “Nifedipine compared with atosiban for treating preterm labor: a randomized controlled trial”. Obstet Gynecol120 (6): 1323–31. doi:10.1097/aog.0b013e3182755dffPMID 23168756S2CID 22487349.
  18. Jump up to:a b de Heus R, Mulder EJ, Derks JB, Visser GH (June 2009). “The effects of the tocolytics atosiban and nifedipine on fetal movements, heart rate and blood flow”. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med22 (6): 485–90. doi:10.1080/14767050802702349PMID 19479644S2CID 35810758.
  19. ^ Shim JY, Park YW, YoonBH, Cho YK, Yang JH, Lee Y, Kim A. “Multicentre, parallelgroup, randomised, single-blind study of the safety and efficacy of atosibanversus ritodrine in the treatment of acute preterm labour in Korean women. BJOG 2006Nov;113(11):1228-34.

External links

  • “Atosiban”Drug Information Portal. U.S. National Library of Medicine.
Clinical data
Trade namesTractocile, Antocin, others[1]
AHFS/Drugs.comUK Drug Information
License dataEU EMAby INN
Routes of
administration
Intravenous
ATC codeG02CX01 (WHO)
Legal status
Legal statusAU: S4 (Prescription only)UK: POM (Prescription only) [2][3]EU: Rx-only [4]In general: ℞ (Prescription only)
Identifiers
showIUPAC name
CAS Number90779-69-4 
PubChem CID5311010
IUPHAR/BPS2213
DrugBankDB09059
ChemSpider4470550 
UNII081D12SI0Z
KEGGD03008 
ChEMBLChEMBL378642 
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)DTXSID8048991 
ECHA InfoCard100.234.128 
Chemical and physical data
FormulaC43H67N11O12S2
Molar mass994.19 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)Interactive image
showSMILES
showInChI

Publication numberPriority datePublication dateAssigneeTitle

US4504469A *1982-12-211985-03-12Ferring AbVasotocin derivatives

WO2006119388A2 *2005-05-032006-11-09Novetide, Ltd.Methods for the production of peptide having a c-terminal amide

CN102127146A *2010-12-242011-07-20深圳翰宇药业股份有限公司Method for preparing atosiban acetate

DK0710243T3 *1993-06-292000-10-16Ferring BvSynthesis of cyclic peptides

CN101357937B *2007-07-312012-11-07上海苏豪逸明制药有限公司Method for synthesizing atosiban acetate from solid phase polypeptide

CN101314613B *2008-05-082012-04-25吉尔生化(上海)有限公司Solid phase synthesis method for atosiban

CN102127146B *2010-12-242013-04-24深圳翰宇药业股份有限公司Method for preparing atosiban acetate

CN102584953B *2012-02-092014-01-01深圳翰宇药业股份有限公司Purification method for atosiban

CN104098650B *2013-04-152019-04-09中国医学科学院药物研究所The synthesis and application of the intermediate of Atosiban

GB201310921D0 *2013-06-192013-07-31Chemical & Biopharmaceutical Lab Of Patras S APeptide-resin conjugate and use thereof

CN105949283A *2016-06-072016-09-21海南合瑞制药股份有限公司Atosiban acetate impurities and preparation and detection methods

CN106279367B *2016-08-152019-06-04海南合瑞制药股份有限公司A kind of atosiban acetate crystal and preparation method thereof

CN107312072A *2017-06-202017-11-03浙江湃肽生物有限公司A kind of method of purifies and separates Atosiban

ApplicationPriority dateFiling dateTitle

CN201010604790.62010-12-24

CN2010106047906A2010-12-242010-12-24Method for preparing atosiban acetate

CN2010106047902010-12-24

PCT/CN2011/0844142010-12-242011-12-22Method for preparing atosiban acetate

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////////////// ATOSIBAN, CAP-449, CAP-476, CAP-581, F-314, ORF 22164, ORF-22164, RW-22164, RWJ 22164, RWJ-22164

[H][C@]1(NC(=O)[C@@]([H])(NC(=O)[C@@H](CC2=CC=C(OCC)C=C2)NC(=O)CCSSC[C@H](NC(=O)[C@H](CC(N)=O)NC1=O)C(=O)N1CCC[C@H]1C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCN)C(=O)NCC(N)=O)[C@@H](C)CC)[C@@H](C)O

wdt-1

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Dr. D Srinivasa Reddy appointed Director CSIR-IICT Hyderabad  India on 7th June 2022. A new assignment


Dr. D Srinivasa Reddy appointed Director CSIR-IICT Hyderabad India on 7th June 2022. A new assignment

This is on recommendation from search cum selection committee which met Prime minister who is president CSIR on 2nd may 2022

currently he is Director CSIR-IIIM jammu

we wish him all the best in New assignment

D. Srinivasa Reddy (DSReddy)

………….Srinivasa Reddy,  Director,  CSIR-IICT,  Hyderabad, india

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