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IMIPRIDONE

IMIPRIDONE
CAS No. : 1616632-77-9
Molecular Weight, 386.4964
Related CAS #: 41276-02-2 (TIC10 isomer) 1616632-77-9 (free base) 1638178-82-1 (HCl) 1777785-71-3 (HBr) 2007141-57-1 (2HBr)
TIC 10, 0NC 201, OP 10
Synonym: ONC201; ONC 201; ONC-201; NSC350625; NSC-350625; NSC 350625; TIC10; TIC 10; TIC-10; TRAIL inducing compound 10; imipridone
7-benzyl-4-(2-methylbenzyl)-1,2,6,7,8,9-hexahydroimidazo[1,2-a]pyrido[3,4-e]pyrimidin-5(4H)-one
2,4,6,7,8,9-Hexahydro-4-((2-methylphenyl)methyl)-7-phenylmethyl)imidazo)(1,2-a)pyrido(3,4-e)pyrimidin-5(1H)-one
ONC-201 Dihydrochloride
459.4
UNII-53VG71J90J
53VG71J90J
Q27896336
1638178-82-1
- A TRAIL-dependent antitumor agent.
TIC10 (ONC-201) is a potent, orally active, and stable tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) inducer which acts by inhibiting Akt and ERK, consequently activating Foxo3a and significantly inducing cell surface TRAIL. TIC10 can cross the blood-brain barrier.
ONC-201, also known as TIC10, is a potent, orally active, and stable small molecule that transcriptionally induces TRAIL in a p53-independent manner and crosses the blood-brain barrier. TIC10 induces a sustained up-regulation of TRAIL in tumors and normal cells that may contribute to the demonstrable antitumor activity of TIC10. TIC10 inactivates kinases Akt and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), leading to the translocation of Foxo3a into the nucleus, where it binds to the TRAIL promoter to up-regulate gene transcription. TIC10 is an efficacious antitumor therapeutic agent that acts on tumor cells and their microenvironment to enhance the concentrations of the endogenous tumor suppressor TRAIL.
Akt/ERK Inhibitor ONC201 is a water soluble, orally bioavailable inhibitor of the serine/threonine protein kinase Akt (protein kinase B) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, Akt/ERK inhibitor ONC201 binds to and inhibits the activity of Akt and ERK, which may result in inhibition of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt signal transduction pathway as well as the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/ERK-mediated pathway. This may lead to the induction of tumor cell apoptosis mediated by tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL)/TRAIL death receptor type 5 (DR5) signaling in AKT/ERK-overexpressing tumor cells. The PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and MAPK/ERK pathway are upregulated in a variety of tumor cell types and play a key role in tumor cell proliferation, differentiation and survival by inhibiting apoptosis. In addition, ONC201 is able to cross the blood-brain barrier.
SYN
Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry, 19(39), 8497-8501; 2021
Herein, we present a copper-catalyzed tandem reaction of 2-aminoimidazolines and ortho-halo(hetero)aryl carboxylic acids that causes the regioselective formation of angularly fused tricyclic 1,2-dihydroimidazo[1,2-a]quinazolin-5(4H)-one derivatives. The reaction involved in the construction of the core six-membered pyrimidone moiety proceeded via regioselective N-arylation–condensation. The presented protocol been successfully applied to accomplish the total synthesis of TIC10/ONC201, which is an active angular isomer acting as a tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL): a sought after anticancer clinical agent.

7-Benzyl-4-(2-methylbenzyl)-1,2,6,7,8,9-hexahydroimidazo[1,2-a]pyrido[3,4-e]pyrimidin-5(4H)-one (6): Pale orange semi-solid, 202 mg (0.521 mmol), 52 % Rf = 0.25 (CH3OH/CHCl3 5:95); IR 1490, 1610, 1644, 2882, 2922 cm-1 ; 1H-NMR (500 MHz, CDCl3) δ = 2.39 (s, 3H), 2.54 (t, J = 5.5 Hz, 2H), 2.72 (t, J = 5.7 Hz, 2H), 3.31 (s, 2H), 3.67 (s, 2H), 3.84-3.91 (m, 4H), 5.04 (s, 2H), 7.02-7.04 (m, 1H), 7.08-7.12 (m, 3H), 7.26- 7.34 (m, 5H). 13C{1H}-NMR (101 MHz, CDCl3) δ = 19.3, 26.8, 43.4, 46.9, 48.2, 49.6, 50.45, 62.3, 102.1, 125.2, 125.9, 126.8, 127.4, 128.45, 129.2, 130.2, 134.2, 135.6, 137.9, 145.7, 153.3, 161.4; MS (ESI, m/z): [M+H]+ 387; HRMS (ESI, m/z): calcd for C24H27N4O [M+H]+ found 387.2183.



PATENT
https://patents.google.com/patent/WO2017132661A2/en
Scheme 1.


Scheme 2.



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CLIP
https://mdanderson.elsevierpure.com/en/publications/discovery-and-clinical-introduction-of-first-in-class-imipridone-Discovery and clinical introduction of first-in-class imipridone ONC201
Abstract
ONC201 is the founding member of a novel class of anti-cancer compounds called imipridones that is currently in Phase II clinical trials in multiple advanced cancers. Since the discovery of ONC201 as a p53-independent inducer of TRAIL gene transcription, preclinical studies have determined that ONC201 has anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effects against a broad range of tumor cells but not normal cells. The mechanism of action of ONC201 involves engagement of PERK-independent activation of the integrated stress response, leading to tumor upregulation of DR5 and dual Akt/ERK inactivation, and consequent Foxo3a activation leading to upregulation of the death ligand TRAIL. ONC201 is orally active with infrequent dosing in animals models, causes sustained pharmacodynamic effects, and is not genotoxic. The first-in-human clinical trial of ONC201 in advanced aggressive refractory solid tumors confirmed that ONC201 is exceptionally well-tolerated and established the recommended phase II dose of 625 mg administered orally every three weeks defined by drug exposure comparable to efficacious levels in preclinical models. Clinical trials are evaluating the single agent efficacy of ONC201 in multiple solid tumors and hematological malignancies and exploring alternative dosing regimens. In addition, chemical analogs that have shown promise in other oncology indications are in pre-clinical development. In summary, the imipridone family that comprises ONC201 and its chemical analogs represent a new class of anti-cancer therapy with a unique mechanism of action being translated in ongoing clinical trials.
////////////IMIPRIDONE, TIC 10, ONC 201, NSC 350625, OP 10, Fast Track Designation, Orphan Drug Designation, Rare Pediatric Disease Designation, PHASE 3, GLIOMA, CHIMERIX
O=C1N(CC2=CC=CC=C2C)C3=NCCN3C4=C1CN(CC5=CC=CC=C5)CC4
Pafolacianine


Pafolacianine
OTL-38
- Molecular FormulaC61H67N9O17S4
- Average mass1326.495 Da
FDA APPROVED NOV 2021
2-{(E)-2-[(3E)-2-(4-{2-[(4-{[(2-Amino-4-oxo-3,4-dihydro-6-pteridinyl)methyl]amino}benzoyl)amino]-2-carboxyethyl}phenoxy)-3-{(2E)-2-[3,3-dimethyl-5-sulfo-1-(4-sulfobutyl)-1,3-dihydro-2H-indol-2-ylidene ]ethylidene}-1-cyclohexen-1-yl]vinyl}-3,3-dimethyl-1-(4-sulfobutyl)-3H-indolium-5-sulfonate OTL-38Tyrosine, N-[4-[[(2-amino-3,4-dihydro-4-oxo-6-pteridinyl)methyl]amino]benzoyl]-O-[(6E)-6-[(2E)-2-[1,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-5-sulfo-1-(4-sulfobutyl)-2H-indol-2-ylidene]ethylidene]-2-[(E)-2-[3,3-dimethy l-5-sulfo-1-(4-sulfobutyl)-3H-indolium-2-yl]ethenyl]-1-cyclohexen-1-yl]-, inner salt
2-(2-(2-(4-((2S)-2-(4-(((2-amino-4-oxo-3,4-dihydropteridin-6-yl)methyl)amino)benzamido)-2-carboxyethyl)phenoxy)-3-(2-(3,3-dimethyl-5-sulfo-1-(4-sulfobutyl)-1,3-dihydro-2H-indol-2-ylidene)ethylidene)cyclohex-1-en-1-yl)ethenyl)-3,3-dimethyl-5-sulfo-1-(4-sulfobutyl)-3H-indolium inner salt,sodium salt (1:4)
- 3H-Indolium, 2-(2-(2-(4-((2S)-2-((4-(((2-amino-3,4-dihydro-4-oxo-6-pteridinyl)methyl)amino)benzoyl)amino)-2-carboxyethyl)phenoxy)-3-(2-(1,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-5-sulfo-1-(4-sulfobutyl)-2H-indol-2-ylidene)ethylidene)-1-cyclohexen-1-yl)ethenyl)-3,3-dimethyl-5-sulfo-1 (4-sulfobutyl)-, inner salt,sodium salt (1:4)
1628423-76-6 [RN]
Pafolacianine sodium [USAN]
RN: 1628858-03-6
UNII: 4HUF3V875C
C61H68N9Na4O17S4+5
- Intraoperative Imaging and Detection of Folate Receptor Positive Malignant Lesions
Pafolacianine, sold under the brand name Cytalux, is an optical imaging agent.[1][2]
The most common side effects of pafolacianine include infusion-related reactions, including nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, flushing, dyspepsia, chest discomfort, itching and hypersensitivity.[2]
It was approved for medical use in the United States in November 2021.[2][3]
Pafolacianine is a fluorescent drug that targets folate receptor (FR).[1]
Medical uses
Pafolacianine is indicated as an adjunct for intraoperative identification of malignant lesions in people with ovarian cancer.[1][2]
History
The safety and effectiveness of pafolacianine was evaluated in a randomized, multi-center, open-label study of women diagnosed with ovarian cancer or with high clinical suspicion of ovarian cancer who were scheduled to undergo surgery.[2] Of the 134 women (ages 33 to 81 years) who received a dose of pafolacianine and were evaluated under both normal and fluorescent light during surgery, 26.9% had at least one cancerous lesion detected that was not observed by standard visual or tactile inspection.[2]
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) granted the application for pafolacianine orphan drug, priority review, and fast track designations.[2][4] The FDA granted the approval of Cytalux to On Target Laboratories, LLC.[2]

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SYN

WO 2014149073
https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=WO2014149073
In another aspect of the invention, this disclosure provides a method of synthesizing a compound having the formula
[0029] In a fourth embodiment of the invention, this disclosure provides a method of synthesizing a compound having the formula
[0030]
[0032] wherein C is any carbon isotope. In this embodiment, the amino acid linker is selected from a group consisting of methyl 2-di-tert-butyl dicarbonate-amino-3-(4-phenyl)propanoate, 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-(di-tert-butyl-dicarbonate methylamino)propanoic acid, 2-amino-4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)butanoic acid, and Tert-butyl (2-di-tert-butyl dicarbonate- amino)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoate . In a particular embodiment, the aqueous base is potassium hydroxide (KOH). The method of this embodiment may also further include purifying the compound by preparatory HPLC.
EXAMPLE 1 : General synthesis of Pte – L Tyrosine – S0456 (OTL-0038)
[0088] Scheme:
C33H37CIF3N
Reactants for Step I:
[0089] A 500 mL round bottom flask was charged with a stirring bar, pteroic acid
(12.0 g, 29.40 mmol, 1 equiv), (L)-Tyr(-OfBu)-OfBu- HCI (1 1 .63 g, 35.28 mmol, 1 .2
equiv) and HATU (13.45 g, 35.28 mmol, 1 .2 equiv) then DMF (147 mL) was added to give a brown suspension [suspension A]. DIPEA (20.48 mL, 1 17.62 mmol, 4.0 equiv) was added slowly to suspension A at 23 °C, over 5 minutes. The suspension turned in to a clear brown solution within 10 minutes of addition of DIPEA. The reaction was stirred at 23 °C for 2.5 h. Reaction was essentially complete in 30 minutes as judged by LC/MS but was stirred further for 2.5 h. The formation of Pte_N10(TFA)_L_Tyr(-OfBu)-OfBu HCI (Figure 12) was confirmed by LC/MS showing m/z 409→m/z 684. LC/MS method: 0-50% acetonitrile in 20 mM aqueous NH4OAc for 5 min using Aquity UPLC-BEH C18, 1 .7μιη 2.1 * 50 mm column . The reaction mixture was cannulated as a steady stream to a stirred solution of aq. HCI (2.0 L, 0.28 M) over the period of 30 minutes to give light yellow precipitate of Pte_N10(TFA)_L_Tyr(-OfBu)-OfBu HCI. The precipitated Pte_N 10(TFA)_L_Tyr(- OfBu)-OfBu HCI was filtered using sintered funnel under aspirator vacuum, washed with water (8 * 300 mL) until the pH of the filtrate is between 3 and 4. The wet solid was allowed to dry under high vacuum for 12 hours on the sintered funnel. In a separate batch, where this wet solid (3) was dried under vacuum for 48 hours and then this solid was stored at -20 0 C for 48 h. However, this brief storage led to partial decomposition of 3. The wet cake (58 g) was transferred to a 500 mL round bottom flask and was submitted to the next step without further drying or purification.
Reactants for Step II:
The wet solid (58 g) was assumed to contain 29.40 mmol of the desired compound (3) (i. e. quantitative yield for the step I ).
[0090] A 500 mL round bottom flask was charged with a stirring bar, Pte_N10(TFA)_L_Tyr(-OfBu)-OfBu HCI as a wet cake (58 g, 29.40 mmol, 1 equiv). A solution of TFA:TIPS:H20 (95:2.5:2.5, 200 mL) was added at once to give a light brown suspension. The reaction content was stirred at 23°C for 1 .5 hours and was monitored by LC/MS. The suspension became clear dull brown solution after stirring for 5 minutes. LC/MS method: 0-50% acetonitrile in 20 mM aqueous NH4OAc for 5 min using Aquity UPLC-BEH C18, 1 .7μιη 2.1 * 50 mm column. The formation of Pte_TFA_L_Tyr (Figure 12) was confirmed by showing m/z 684→m/z 572. Reaction time varies from 30 min to 1 .5 hours depending on the water content of Pte_N10(TFA)_L_Tyr(-OfBu)-OfBu HCI. The reaction mixture was cannulated as a steady stream to a stirred MTBE (1 .8 L) at 23 °C or 100 °C to give light yellow precipitate of Pte_TFA_L_Tyr. The precipitated Pte_TFA_L_Tyr was filtered using sintered funnel under aspirator vacuum, washed with MTBE (6 * 300 mL) and dried under high vacuum for 8 hours to obtain Pte_TFA_L_Tyr (14.98 g, 83.98% over two steps) as a pale yellow solid. The MTBE washing was tested for absence of residual TFA utilizing wet pH paper (pH between 3-4). The yield of the reaction was between 80-85% in different batches. The deacylated side product was detected in 3.6% as judged by LC/MS. For the different batches this impurity was never more than 5%.
Reactants for Step III:
[0091] A 200 mL round bottom flask was charged with a stirring bar and Pte_TFA_L_Tyr (13.85 g, 22.78 mmol, 1 equiv), then water (95 mL) was added to give a yellow suspension [suspension B]. A freshly prepared solution of aqueous 3.75 M NaOH (26.12 mL, 97.96 mmol, 4.30 equiv), or an equivalent base at a corresponding temperature using dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) as a solvent (as shown in Table 1 ), was added dropwise to suspension B at 23 °C, giving a clear dull yellow solution over 15 minutes [solution B]. The equivalence of NaOH varied from 3.3 to 5.0 depending on the source of 4 (solid or liquid phase synthesis) and the residual TFA. Trianion 5 (Figure 12) formation was confirmed by LC/MS showing m/z 572→m/z 476 while the solution pH was 9-10 utilizing wet pH paper. The pH of the reaction mixture was in the range of 9-10. This pH is crucial for the overall reaction completion. Notably, pH more than 10 leads to hydrolysis of S0456. Excess base will efficiently drive reaction forward with potential hydrolysis of S0456. The presence of hydrolysis by product can be visibly detected by the persistent opaque purple/blue to red/brown color.
TABLE 1 : Separate TFA deprotection via trianion formation; S0456
[0092] The precipitated OTL-0038 product could also be crashed out by adding the reaction solution steady dropwise to acetone, acetonitrile, isopropanol or ethyl acetate/acetone mixture. Acetone yields optimal results. However, viscous reactions could be slower due to partial insolubility and/or crashing out of S0456. In this reaction, the equivalence of the aqueous base is significant. Excess base will efficiently drive reaction forward with potential hydrolysis of S0456. This solution phase synthesis provides Pte_N10(TFA)_Tyr-OH »HCI salt and desires approximately 4.1 to approximately 4.8 equiv base as a source to hydrolyze the product. Particularly, precipitation of Pte_Tyr_S0456 was best achieved when 1 mL of reaction mixture is added dropwise to the stirred acetone (20 mL). Filtration of the precipitate and washing with acetone (3 x10 mL) gave the highest purity as judged from LC/MS chromatogram.
[0093] During experimentation of this solution-phase synthesis of Pte – L Tyrosine -S0456 (OTL-0038) at different stages, some optimized conditions were observed:
Mode of addition: Separate TFA deprotection via trianion formation; S0456 @ 23 °C; reflux.
Stability data of Pte – L Tyrosine – S0456 (OTL-0038):
Liquid analysis: At 40 °C the liquid lost 8.6% at 270 nm and 1 % at 774 nm. At room temperature the liquid lost about 1 .4% at 270 nm and .5% at 774 nm. At 5 °C the
270 nm seems stable and the 774 nm reasonably stable with a small degradation purity.
Source Purity Linker S0456 Base Solvent Duration % Conversion
4.3-4.6
Solution 0.95
95% 1 equiv equiv H20 15 min 100% phase equiv
K2C03
PATENT
US 20140271482
FDA approves pafolacianine for identifying malignant ovarian cancer lesions
On November 29, 2021, the Food and Drug Administration approved pafolacianine (Cytalux, On Target Laboratories, LLC), an optical imaging agent, for adult patients with ovarian cancer as an adjunct for interoperative identification of malignant lesions. Pafolacianine is a fluorescent drug that targets folate receptor which may be overexpressed in ovarian cancer. It is used with a Near-Infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging system cleared by the FDA for specific use with pafolacianine.
Efficacy was evaluated in a single arm, multicenter, open-label study (NCT03180307) of 178 women diagnosed with ovarian cancer or with high clinical suspicion of ovarian cancer scheduled to undergo primary surgical cytoreduction, interval debulking, or recurrent ovarian cancer surgery. All patients received pafolacianine. One hundred and thirty-four patients received fluorescence imaging evaluation in addition to standard of care evaluation which includes pre-surgical imaging, intraoperative palpation and normal light evaluation of lesions. Among these patients, 36 (26.9%) had at least one evaluable ovarian cancer lesion detected with pafolacianine that was not observed by standard visual or tactile inspection. The patient-level false positive rate of pafolacianine with NIR fluorescent light with respect to the detection of ovarian cancer lesions confirmed by central pathology was 20.2% (95% CI 13.7%, 28.0%).
The most common adverse reactions (≥1%) occurring in patients were nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, flushing, dyspepsia, chest discomfort, pruritus, and hypersensitivity.
The recommended pafolacianine dose is 0.025 mg/kg administered intravenously over 60 minutes, 1 to 9 hours before surgery. The use of folate, folic acid, or folate-containing supplements should be avoided within 48 hours before administration of pafolacianine.
View full prescribing information for Cytalux.
This application was granted priority review, fast track designation, and orphan drug designation. A description of FDA expedited programs is in the Guidance for Industry: Expedited Programs for Serious Conditions-Drugs and Biologics.
USFDA approves new drug to help identify cancer lesions
This drug is indicated for use in adult patients with ovarian cancer to help identify cancerous lesions during surgery.By The Health Master -December 2, 2021
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (USFDA) has approved Cytalux (pafolacianine), an imaging drug intended to assist surgeons in identifying ovarian cancer lesions. The drug is designed to improve the ability to locate additional ovarian cancerous tissue that is normally difficult to detect during surgery.
Cytalux is indicated for use in adult patients with ovarian cancer to help identify cancerous lesions during surgery. The drug is a diagnostic agent that is administered in the form of an intravenous injection prior to surgery.
Alex Gorovets, M.D., deputy director of the Office of Specialty Medicine in the FDA’s Center for Drug Evaluation and Research said, “The FDA’s approval of Cytalux can help enhance the ability of surgeons to identify deadly ovarian tumors that may otherwise go undetected.
By supplementing current methods of detecting ovarian cancer during surgery, Cytalux offers health care professionals an additional imaging approach for patients with ovarian cancer.”
The American Cancer Society estimates there will be more than 21,000 new cases of ovarian cancer and more than 13,000 deaths from this disease in 2021, making it the deadliest of all female reproductive system cancers.
Conventional treatment for ovarian cancer includes surgery to remove as many of the tumors as possible, chemotherapy to stop the growth of malignant cells or other targeted therapy to identify and attack specific cancer cells.
Ovarian cancer often causes the body to overproduce a specific protein in cell membranes called a folate receptor. Following administration via injection, Cytalux binds to these proteins and illuminates under fluorescent light, boosting surgeons’ ability to identify the cancerous tissue.
Currently, surgeons rely on preoperative imaging, visual inspection of tumors under normal light or examination by touch to identify cancer lesions. Cytalux is used with a Near-Infrared fluorescence imaging system cleared by the FDA for specific use with pafolacianine.
The safety and effectiveness of Cytalux was evaluated in a randomized, multi-center, open-label study of women diagnosed with ovarian cancer or with high clinical suspicion of ovarian cancer who were scheduled to undergo surgery.
Of the 134 women (ages 33 to 81 years) who received a dose of Cytalux and were evaluated under both normal and fluorescent light during surgery, 26.9% had at least one cancerous lesion detected that was not observed by standard visual or tactile inspection.
The most common side effects of Cytalux were infusion-related reactions, including nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, flushing, dyspepsia, chest discomfort, itching and hypersensitivity. Cytalux may cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman.
The use of folate, folic acid, or folate-containing supplements should be avoided within 48 hours before administration of Cytalux. There is a risk of image interpretation errors with the use of Cytalux to detect ovarian cancer during surgery, including false negatives and false positives.
References
- ^ Jump up to:a b c d https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2020/214907s000lbl.pdf
- ^ Jump up to:a b c d e f g h i “FDA Approves New Imaging Drug to Help Identify Ovarian Cancer Lesions”. U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) (Press release). 29 November 2021. Retrieved 30 November 2021.
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- ^ “On Target Laboratories Announces FDA Approval of Cytalux (pafolacianine) injection for Identification of Ovarian Cancer During Surgery”. On Target Laboratories. 29 November 2021. Retrieved 30 November 2021 – via PR Newswire.
- ^ “Pafolacianine Orphan Drug Designations and Approvals”. U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). 23 December 2014. Retrieved 30 November 2021.
External links
- “Pafolacianine”. Drug Information Portal. U.S. National Library of Medicine.
Clinical data | |
---|---|
Trade names | Cytalux |
Other names | OTL-0038 |
License data | US DailyMed: Pafolacianine |
Pregnancy category | Not recommended |
Routes of administration | Intravenous |
ATC code | None |
Legal status | |
Legal status | US: ℞-only [1][2] |
Identifiers | |
showIUPAC name | |
CAS Number | 1628423-76-6 |
PubChem CID | 135565623 |
DrugBank | DB15413 |
ChemSpider | 64880249 |
UNII | F7BD3Z4X8L |
ChEMBL | ChEMBL4297412 |
Chemical and physical data | |
Formula | C61H67N9O17S4 |
Molar mass | 1326.49 g·mol−1 |
3D model (JSmol) | Interactive image |
showSMILES | |
showInChI |
////////////Pafolacianine, FDA 2021, APPROVALS 2021, Cytalux, OVARIAN CANCER, OTL 38,
[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].CC1(C)\C(=C/C=C/2\CCCC(=C2Oc3ccc(C[C@H](NC(=O)c4ccc(NCc5cnc6N=C(N)NC(=O)c6n5)cc4)C(=O)O)cc3)\C=C\C7=[N](CCCCS(=O)(=O)O)c8ccc(cc8C7(C)C)S(=O)(=O)O)\N(CCCCS(=O)(=O)O)c9ccc(cc19)S(=O)(=O)O

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TNO 155
TNO 155
2-Oxa-8-azaspiro[4.5]decan-4-amine, 8-[6-amino-5-[(2-amino-3-chloro-4-pyridinyl)thio]-2-pyrazinyl]-3-methyl-, (3S,4S)-
- (3S,4S)-8-[6-Amino-5-[(2-amino-3-chloro-4-pyridinyl)thio]-2-pyrazinyl]-3-methyl-2-oxa-8-azaspiro[4.5]decan-4-amine
- (3S,4S)-8-(6-amino-5-((2-amino-3-chloropyridin-4-yl)thio)pyrazin-2-yl)-3-methyl-2-oxa-8-azaspiro[4.5]decan-4-amine
Molecular Weight |
421.95 |
---|---|
Formula |
C₁₈H₂₄ClN₇OS |
CAS No. |
- PTPN11 inhibitor TNO155
- SHP2 inhibitor TNO155
- TNO-155
- TNO155
- UNII-FPJWORQEGI
TNO155 is a potent selective and orally active allosteric inhibitor of wild-type SHP2 (IC50=0.011 µM). TNO155 has the potential for the study of RTK-dependent malignancies, especially advanced solid tumors.
- Originator Novartis
- Developer Mirati Therapeutics; Novartis
- Class Antineoplastics
- Mechanism of ActionProtein tyrosine phosphatase non receptor antagonists
- Phase I/IISolid tumours
- Phase IColorectal cancer
- 11 Jul 2021Phase I trial in Solid tumours is still ongoing in USA, Canada, Japan, South Korea, Netherlands, Singapore, Spain, Taiwan (NCT03114319)
- 04 Jun 2021Efficacy, safety and pharmacokinetics data from phase I trial in Solid tumours presented at 57th Annual Meeting of the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO-2021)
- 08 Jan 2021Novartis plans a phase Ib/II trial for Solid tumours (Combination therapy, Inoperable/Unresectable, Late-stage disease, Metastatic disease, Second-line therapy or greater) in February 2021 (NCT04699188)
CLIP
Combinations with Allosteric SHP2 Inhibitor TNO155 to Block Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Signaling
//////////TNO 155, CANCER
AUPM 170, CA 170, PD-1-IN-1




(2S,3R)-2-(3-((S)-3-amino-1-(3-((R)-1-amino-2-hydroxyethyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl)-3-oxopropyl)ureido)-3-hydroxybutanoic acid




Molecular Weight (MW) | 360.33 |
---|---|
Formula | C12H20N6O7 |
CAS No. | 1673534-76-3 |
N-[[[(1S)-3-Amino-1-[3-[(1R)-1-amino-2-hydroxyethyl]-1,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl]-3-oxopropyl]amino]carbonyl]-L-threonine
L-Threonine, N-[[[(1S)-3-amino-1-[3-[(1R)-1-amino-2-hydroxyethyl]-1,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl]-3-oxopropyl]amino]carbonyl]-
AUPM 170, CA 170, AUPM-170, CA-170, PD-1-IN-1
Novel inhibitor of programmed cell dealth-1 (PD-1)
CA-170 (also known as AUPM170 or PD-1-IN-1) is a first-in-class, potent and orally available small molecule inhibitor of the immune checkpoint regulatory proteins PD-L1 (programmed cell death ligand-1), PD-L2 and VISTA (V-domain immunoglobulin (Ig) suppressor of T-cell activation (programmed death 1 homolog; PD-1H). CA-170 was discovered by Curis Inc. and has potential antineoplastic activities. CA-170 selectively targets PD-L1 and VISTA, both of which function as negative checkpoint regulators of immune activation. Curis is currently investigating CA-170 for the treatment of advanced solid tumours and lymphomas in patients in a Phase 1 trial (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02812875).
References: www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT02812875); WO 2015033299 A1 20150312.
Aurigene Discovery Technologies Limited INNOVATOR

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CURIS AND AURIGENE ANNOUNCE AMENDMENT OF COLLABORATION FOR THE DEVELOPMENT AND COMMERCIALIZATION OF CA-170
PRESS RELEASE
Curis and Aurigene Announce Amendment of Collaboration for the Development and Commercialization of CA-170
– Aurigene to fund and conduct a Phase 2b/3 randomized study of CA-170 in patients with non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer (nsNSCLC) –
– Aurigene to receive Asia rights for CA-170; Curis entitled to royalty payments in Asia –
LEXINGTON, Mass., February 5, 2020 /PRNewswire/ — Curis, Inc. (NASDAQ: CRIS), a biotechnology company focused on the development of innovative therapeutics for the treatment of cancer, today announced that it has entered into an amendment of its collaboration, license and option agreement with Aurigene Discovery Technologies, Ltd. (Aurigene). Under the terms of the amended agreement, Aurigene will fund and conduct a Phase 2b/3 randomized study evaluating CA-170, an orally available, dual
inhibitor of VISTA and PDL1, in combination with chemoradiation, in approximately 240 patients with nonsquamous
non-small cell lung cancer (nsNSCLC). In turn, Aurigene receives rights to develop and commercialize CA-170 in Asia, in addition to its existing rights in India and Russia, based on the terms of the original agreement. Curis retains U.S., E.U., and rest of world rights to CA-170, and is entitled to receive royalty payments on potential future sales of CA-170 in Asia.
In 2019, Aurigene presented clinical data from a Phase 2a basket study of CA-170 in patients with multiple tumor types, including those with nsNSCLC. In the study, CA-170 demonstrated promising signs of safety and efficacy in nsNSCLC patients compared to various anti-PD-1/PD-L1 antibodies.
“We are pleased to announce this amendment which leverages our partner Aurigene’s expertise and resources to support the clinical advancement of CA-170, as well as maintain our rights to CA-170 outside of Asia,” said James Dentzer, President and Chief Executive Officer of Curis. “Phase 2a data presented at the European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) conference last fall supported the potential for CA-170 to serve as a therapeutic option for patients with nsNSCLC. We look forward to working with our partner Aurigene to further explore this opportunity.”
“Despite recent advancements, patients with localized unresectable NSCLC struggle with high rates of recurrence and need for expensive intravenous biologics. The CA-170 data presented at ESMO 2019 from Aurigene’s Phase 2 ASIAD trial showed encouraging results in Clinical Benefit Rate and Prolonged PFS and support its potential to provide clinically meaningful benefit to Stage III and IVa nsNSCLC patients, in combination with chemoradiation and as oral maintenance” said Kumar Prabhash, MD, Professor of Medical Oncology at Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, India.
Murali Ramachandra, PhD, Chief Executive Officer of Aurigene, commented, “Development of CA-170, with its unique dual inhibition of PD-L1 and VISTA, is the result of years of hard-work and commitment by many people, including the patients who participated in the trials, caregivers and physicians, along with the talented teams at Aurigene and Curis. We look forward to further developing CA-170 in nsNSCLC.”
About Curis, Inc.
Curis is a biotechnology company focused on the development of innovative therapeutics for the treatment of cancer, including fimepinostat, which is being investigated in combination with venetoclax in a Phase 1 clinical study in patients with DLBCL. In 2015, Curis entered into a collaboration with Aurigene in the areas of immuno-oncology and precision oncology. As part of this collaboration, Curis has exclusive licenses to oral small molecule antagonists of immune checkpoints including, the VISTA/PDL1 antagonist CA-170, and the TIM3/PDL1 antagonist CA-327, as well as the IRAK4 kinase inhibitor, CA- 4948. CA-4948 is currently undergoing testing in a Phase 1 trial in patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma.
In addition, Curis is engaged in a collaboration with ImmuNext for development of CI-8993, a monoclonal anti-VISTA antibody. Curis is also party to a collaboration with Genentech, a member of the Roche Group, under which Genentech and Roche are commercializing Erivedge® for the treatment of advanced basal cell carcinoma. For more information, visit Curis’ website at http://www.curis.com.
About Aurigene
Aurigene is a development stage biotech company engaged in discovery and clinical development of novel and best-in-class therapies to treat cancer and inflammatory diseases and a wholly owned subsidiary of Dr. Reddy’s Laboratories Ltd. (BSE: 500124, NSE: DRREDDY, NYSE: RDY). Aurigene is focused on precision- oncology, oral immune checkpoint inhibitors, and the Th-17 pathway. Aurigene currently has several programs from its pipeline in clinical development. Aurigene’s ROR-gamma inverse agonist AUR-101 is currently in phase 2 clinical development under a US FDA IND. Additionally, Aurigene has multiple compounds at different stages of pre-clinical development. Aurigene has partnered with many large and mid-pharma companies in the United States and Europe and has 15 programs currently in clinical development. For more information, please visit Aurigene’s website at https://www.aurigene.com/
Curis with the option to exclusively license Aurigene’s orally-available small molecule antagonist of programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) in the immuno-oncology field
Addressing immune checkpoint pathways is a well validated strategy to treat human cancers and the ability to target PD-1/PD-L1 and other immune checkpoints with orally available small molecule drugs has the potential to be a distinct and major advancement for patients.
Through its collaboration with Aurigene, Curis is now engaged in the discovery and development of the first ever orally bioavailable, small molecule antagonists that target immune checkpoint receptor-ligand interactions, including PD-1/PD-L1 interactions. In the first half of 2016, Curis expects to file an IND application with the U.S. FDA to initiate clinical testing of CA-170, the first small molecule immune checkpoint antagonist targeting PD-L1 and VISTA. The multi-year collaboration with Aurigene is focused on generation of small molecule antagonists targeting additional checkpoint receptor-ligand interactions and Curis expects to advance additional drug candidates for clinical testing in the coming years. The next immuno-oncology program in the collaboration is currently targeting the immune checkpoints PD-L1 and TIM3.
In November 2015, preclinical data were reported. Data demonstrated tha the drug rescued and sustained activation of T cells functions in culture. CA-170 resulted in anti-tumor activity in multiple syngeneic tumor models including melanoma and colon cancer. Similar data were presented at the 2015 AACR-NCI-EORTC Molecular Targets and Cancer Therapeutics Conference in Boston, MA
By August 2015, preclinical data had been reported. Preliminary data demonstrated that in in vitro studies, small molecule PD-L1 antagonists induced effective T cell proliferation and IFN-gamma production by T cells that were specifically suppressed by PD-L1 in culture. The compounds were found to have effects similar to anti-PD1 antibodies in in vivo tumor models
(Oral Small Molecule PD-L1/VISTAAntagonist)
Certain human cancers express a ligand on their cell surface referred to as Programmed-death Ligand 1, or PD-L1, which binds to its cognate receptor, Programmed-death 1, or PD-1, present on the surface of the immune system’s T cells. Cell surface interactions between tumor cells and T cells through PD-L1/PD-1 molecules result in T cell inactivation and hence the inability of the body to mount an effective immune response against the tumor. It has been previously shown that modulation of the PD-1 mediated inhibition of T cells by either anti-PD1 antibodies or anti-PD-L1 antibodies can lead to activation of T cells that result in the observed anti-tumor effects in the tumor tissues. Therapeutic monoclonal antibodies targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 interactions have now been approved by the U.S. FDA for the treatment of certain cancers, and multiple therapeutic monoclonal antibodies targeting PD-1 or PD-L1 are currently in development.
In addition to PD-1/PD-L1 immune regulators, there are several other checkpoint molecules that are involved in the modulation of immune responses to tumor cells1. One such regulator is V-domain Ig suppressor of T-cell activation or VISTA that shares structural homology with PD-L1 and is also a potent suppressor of T cell functions. However, the expression of VISTA is different from that of PD-L1, and appears to be limited to the hematopoietic compartment in tissues such as spleen, lymph nodes and blood as well as in myeloid hematopoietic cells within the tumor microenvironment. Recent animal studies have demonstrated that combined targeting/ blockade of PD-1/PD-L1 interactions and VISTA result in improved anti-tumor responses in certain tumor models, highlighting their distinct and non-redundant functions in regulating the immune response to tumors2.
As part of the collaboration with Aurigene, in October 2015 Curis licensed a first-in-class oral, small molecule antagonist designated as CA-170 that selectively targets PD-L1 and VISTA, both of which function as negative checkpoint regulators of immune activation. CA-170 was selected from the broad PD-1 pathway antagonist program that the companies have been engaged in since the collaboration was established in January 2015. Preclinical data demonstrate that CA-170 can induce effective proliferation and IFN-γ (Interferon-gamma) production (a cytokine that is produced by activated T cells and is a marker of T cell activation) by T cells that are specifically suppressed by PD-L1 or VISTA in culture. In addition, CA-170 also appears to have anti-tumor effects similar to anti-PD-1 or anti-VISTA antibodies in multiple in vivo tumor models and appears to have a good in vivo safety profile. Curis expects to file an IND and initiate clinical testing of CA-170 in patients with advanced tumors during the first half of 2016.
Jan 21, 2015
Curis and Aurigene Announce Collaboration, License and Option Agreement to Discover, Develop and Commercialize Small Molecule Antagonists for Immuno-Oncology and Precision Oncology Targets
— Agreement Provides Curis with Option to Exclusively License Aurigene’s Antagonists for Immuno-Oncology, Including an Antagonist of PD-L1 and Selected Precision Oncology Targets, Including an IRAK4 Kinase Inhibitor —
— Investigational New Drug (IND) Application Filings for Both Initial Collaboration Programs Expected this Year —
— Curis to issue 17.1M shares of its Common Stock as Up-front Consideration —
— Management to Host Conference Call Today at 8:00 a.m. EST —
LEXINGTON, Mass. and BANGALORE, India, Jan. 21, 2015 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) — Curis, Inc. (Nasdaq:CRIS), a biotechnology company focused on the development and commercialization of innovative drug candidates for the treatment of human cancers, and Aurigene Discovery Technologies Limited, a specialized, discovery stage biotechnology company developing novel therapies to treat cancer and inflammatory diseases, today announced that they have entered into an exclusive collaboration agreement focused on immuno-oncology and selected precision oncology targets. The collaboration provides for inclusion of multiple programs, with Curis having the option to exclusively license compounds once a development candidate is nominated within each respective program. The partnership draws from each company’s respective areas of expertise, with Aurigene having the responsibility for conducting all discovery and preclinical activities, including IND-enabling studies and providing Phase 1 clinical trial supply, and Curis having responsibility for all clinical development, regulatory and commercialization efforts worldwide, excluding India and Russia, for each program for which it exercises an option to obtain a license.
The first two programs under the collaboration are an orally-available small molecule antagonist of programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) in the immuno-oncology field and an orally-available small molecule inhibitor of Interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 4 (IRAK4) in the precision oncology field. Curis expects to exercise its option to obtain exclusive licenses to both programs and file IND applications for a development candidate from each in 2015.
“We are thrilled to partner with Aurigene in seeking to discover, develop and commercialize small molecule drug candidates generated from Aurigene’s novel technology and we believe that this collaboration represents a true transformation for Curis that positions the company for continued growth in the development and eventual commercialization of cancer drugs,” said Ali Fattaey, Ph.D., President and Chief Executive Officer of Curis. “The multi-year nature of our collaboration means that the parties have the potential to generate a steady pipeline of novel drug candidates in the coming years. Addressing immune checkpoint pathways is now a well validated strategy to treat human cancers and the ability to target PD-1/PD-L1 and other immune checkpoints with orally available small molecule drugs has the potential to be a distinct and major advancement for patients. Recent studies have also shown that alterations of the MYD88 gene lead to dysregulation of its downstream target IRAK4 in a number of hematologic malignancies, including Waldenström’s Macroglobulinemia and a subset of diffuse large B-cell lymphomas, making IRAK4 an attractive target for the treatment of these cancers. We look forward to advancing these programs into clinical development later this year.”
Dr. Fattaey continued, “Aurigene has a long and well-established track record of generating targeted small molecule drug candidates with bio-pharmaceutical collaborators and we have significantly expanded our drug development capabilities as we advance our proprietary drug candidates in currently ongoing clinical studies. We believe that we are well-positioned to advance compounds from this collaboration into clinical development.”
CSN Murthy, Chief Executive Officer of Aurigene, said, “We are excited to enter into this exclusive collaboration with Curis under which we intend to discover and develop a number of drug candidates from our chemistry innovations in the most exciting fields of cancer therapy. This unique collaboration is an opportunity for Aurigene to participate in advancing our discoveries into clinical development and beyond, and mutually align interests as provided for in our agreement. Our scientists at Aurigene have established a novel strategy to address immune checkpoint targets using small molecule chemical approaches, and have discovered a number of candidates that modulate these checkpoint pathways, including PD-1/PD-L1. We have established a large panel of preclinical tumor models in immunocompetent mice and can show significant in vivo anti-tumor activity using our small molecule PD-L1 antagonists. We are also in the late stages of selecting a candidate that is a potent and selective inhibitor of the IRAK4 kinase, demonstrating excellent in vivo activity in preclinical tumor models.”
In connection with the transaction, Curis has issued to Aurigene approximately 17.1 million shares of its common stock, or 19.9% of its outstanding common stock immediately prior to the transaction, in partial consideration for the rights granted to Curis under the collaboration agreement. The shares issued to Aurigene are subject to a lock-up agreement until January 18, 2017, with a portion of the shares being released from the lock-up in four equal bi-annual installments between now and that date.
The agreement provides that the parties will collaborate exclusively in immuno-oncology for an initial period of approximately two years, with the option for Curis to extend the broad immuno-oncology exclusivity.
In addition Curis has agreed to make payments to Aurigene as follows:
- for the first two programs: up to $52.5 million per program, including $42.5 million per program for approval and commercial milestones, plus specified approval milestone payments for additional indications, if any;
- for the third and fourth programs: up to $50 million per program, including $42.5 million per program for approval and commercial milestones, plus specified approval milestone payments for additional indications, if any; and
- for any program thereafter: up to $140.5 million per program, including $87.5 million per program in approval and commercial milestones, plus specified approval milestone payments for additional indications, if any.
Curis has agreed to pay Aurigene royalties on any net sales ranging from high single digits to 10% in territories where it successfully commercializes products and will also share in amounts that it receives from sublicensees depending upon the stage of development of the respective molecule.
About Immune Checkpoint Modulation and Programmed Death 1 Pathway
Modulation of immune checkpoint pathways has emerged as a highly promising therapeutic approach in a wide range of human cancers. Immune checkpoints are critical for the maintenance of self-tolerance as well as for the protection of tissues from excessive immune response generated during infections. However, cancer cells have the ability to modulate certain immune checkpoint pathways as a mechanism to evade the immune system. Certain immune checkpoint receptors or ligands are expressed by various cancer cells, targeting of which may be an effective strategy for generating anti-tumor activity. Some immune-checkpoint modulators, such as programmed death 1 (PD-1) protein, specifically regulate immune cell effector functions within tissues. One of the mechanisms by which tumor cells block anti-tumor immune responses in the tumor microenvironment is by upregulating ligands for PD-1, such as PD-L1. Hence, targeting of PD-1 and/or PD-L1 has been shown to lead to the generation of effective anti-tumor responses.
About Curis, Inc.
Curis is a biotechnology company focused on the development and commercialization of novel drug candidates for the treatment of human cancers. Curis’ pipeline of drug candidates includes CUDC-907, a dual HDAC and PI3K inhibitor, CUDC-427, a small molecule antagonist of IAP proteins, and Debio 0932, an oral HSP90 inhibitor. Curis is also engaged in a collaboration with Genentech, a member of the Roche Group, under which Genentech and Roche are developing and commercializing Erivedge®, the first and only FDA-approved medicine for the treatment of advanced basal cell carcinoma. For more information, visit Curis’ website at www.curis.com.
About Aurigene
Aurigene is a specialized, discovery stage biotechnology company, developing novel and best-in-class therapies to treat cancer and inflammatory diseases. Aurigene’s Programmed Death pathway program is the first of several immune checkpoint programs that are at different stages of discovery and preclinical development. Aurigene has partnered with several large- and mid-pharma companies in the United States and Europe and has delivered multiple clinical compounds through these partnerships. With over 500 scientists, Aurigene has collaborated with 6 of the top 10 pharma companies. Aurigene is an independent, wholly owned subsidiary of Dr. Reddy’s Laboratories Ltd. (NYSE:RDY). For more information, please visit Aurigene’s website at http://aurigene.com/.
POSTER



WO2011161699, WO2012/168944, WO2013144704 and WO2013132317 report peptides or peptidomimetic compounds which are capable of suppressing and/or inhibiting the programmed cell death 1 (PD1) signaling pathway.
PATENT

Inventors
- SASIKUMAR, Pottayil Govindan Nair
- RAMACHANDRA, Muralidhara
- NAREMADDEPALLI, Seetharamaiah Setty Sudarshan
Priority Data
4011/CHE/2013 | 06.09.2013 | IN |
Example 4: Synthesis of Co

The compound was synthesised using similar procedure as depicted in Example 2 for synthesising compound 2 using
instead of H-Ser(‘Bu)-0’Bu (in synthesis of compound 2b) to yield 0.35 g crude material of the title compound. The crude solid material was purified using preparative HPLC described under experimental conditions. LCMS: 361.2 (M+H)+, HPLC: tR = 12.19 min.


REFERENCES
US20150073024
WO2011161699A2 | 27 Jun 2011 | 29 Dec 2011 | Aurigene Discovery Technologies Limited | Immunosuppression modulating compounds |
WO2012168944A1 | 21 Dec 2011 | 13 Dec 2012 | Aurigene Discovery Technologies Limited | Therapeutic compounds for immunomodulation |
WO2013132317A1 | 4 Mar 2013 | 12 Sep 2013 | Aurigene Discovery Technologies Limited | Peptidomimetic compounds as immunomodulators |
WO2013144704A1 | 28 Mar 2013 | 3 Oct 2013 | Aurigene Discovery Technologies Limited | Immunomodulating cyclic compounds from the bc loop of human pd1 |
http://www.curis.com/pipeline/immuno-oncology/pd-l1-antagonist
http://www.curis.com/images/stories/pdfs/posters/Aurigene_PD-L1_VISTA_AACR-NCI-EORTC_2015.pdf
References:
1) https://bmcimmunol.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12865-021-00446-4
2) https://www.nature.com/articles/s42003-021-02191-1
3) https://www.esmoopen.com/article/S2059-7029(20)30108-3/fulltext
4) https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/24/15/2804
////////Curis, Aurigene, AUPM 170, CA 170, AUPM-170, CA-170, PD-L1, VISTA antagonist, PD-1-IN-1, phase 2, CANCER
N[C@@H](CO)c1nc(on1)[C@@H](NC(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)O)[C@@H](C)O)CC(N)=O

NEW DRUG APPROVALS
ONE TIME
$9.00
Mobocertinib

Mobocertinib
1847461-43-1
MF C32H39N7O4
MW 585.70
propan-2-yl 2-[4-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl-methylamino]-2-methoxy-5-(prop-2-enoylamino)anilino]-4-(1-methylindol-3-yl)pyrimidine-5-carboxylate
TAK-788, AP32788, TAK788, UNII-39HBQ4A67L, AP-32788, 39HBQ4A67L
US10227342, Example 10, MFCD32669806, NSC825519, s6813, TAK-788;AP32788, WHO 11183
NSC-825519, example 94 [WO2015195228A1], GTPL10468, BDBM368374, BCP31045, EX-A3392
US FDA APPROVED 9/15/2021, Exkivity, To treat locally advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer with epidermal growth factor receptor exon 20 insertion mutation

Mobocertinib succinate Chemical Structure
CAS No. : 2389149-74-8
Molecular Weight | 703.78 |
---|---|
Formula | C₃₆H₄₅N₇O₈ |

Mobocertinib mesylateCAS# 2389149-85-1 (mesylate)C33H43N7O7S
Molecular Weight: 681.809
CAS #: 2389149-85-1 (mesylate) 1847461-43-1 (free base) 2389149-74-8 (succinate) 2389149-76-0 (HBr) 2389149-79-3 (HCl) 2389149-81-7 (sulfate) 2389149-83-9 (tosylate) 2389149-87-3 (oxalate) 2389149-89-5 (fumarate)
JAPANESE ACCEPTED NAME
Mobocertinib Succinate

Propan-2-yl 2-[4-{[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl](methyl)amino}-2-methoxy-5-(prop-2-enamido)anilino]-4-(1-methyl-1H-indol-3-yl)pyrimidine-5-carboxylate monosuccinate
C32H39N7O4▪C4H6O4 : 703.78
[2389149-74-8]
FDA grants accelerated approval to mobocertinib for metastatic non-small cell lung cancer with EGFR exon 20 insertion mutations……. https://www.fda.gov/drugs/resources-information-approved-drugs/fda-grants-accelerated-approval-mobocertinib-metastatic-non-small-cell-lung-cancer-egfr-exon-20
On September 15, 2021, the Food and Drug Administration granted accelerated approval to mobocertinib (Exkivity, Takeda Pharmaceuticals, Inc.) for adult patients with locally advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) exon 20 insertion mutations, as detected by an FDA-approved test, whose disease has progressed on or after platinum-based chemotherapy.
Today, the FDA also approved the Oncomine Dx Target Test (Life Technologies Corporation) as a companion diagnostic device to select patients with the above mutations for mobocertinib treatment.
Approval was based on Study 101, an international, non-randomized, open-label, multicohort clinical trial (NCT02716116) which included patients with locally advanced or metastatic NSCLC with EGFR exon 20 insertion mutations. Efficacy was evaluated in 114 patients whose disease had progressed on or after platinum-based chemotherapy. Patients received mobocertinib 160 mg orally daily until disease progression or intolerable toxicity.
The main efficacy outcome measures were overall response rate (ORR) according to RECIST 1.1 as evaluated by blinded independent central review (BICR) and response duration. The ORR was 28% (95% CI: 20%, 37%) with a median response duration of 17.5 months (95% CI: 7.4, 20.3).
The most common adverse reactions (>20%) were diarrhea, rash, nausea, stomatitis, vomiting, decreased appetite, paronychia, fatigue, dry skin, and musculoskeletal pain. Product labeling includes a boxed warning for QTc prolongation and Torsades de Pointes, and warnings for interstitial lung disease/pneumonitis, cardiac toxicity, and diarrhea.
The recommended mobocertinib dose is 160 mg orally once daily until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
View full prescribing information for mobocertinib.
This indication is approved under accelerated approval based on overall response rate and duration of response. Continued approval for this indication may be contingent upon verification and description of clinical benefit in a confirmatory trial(s).
This review was conducted under Project Orbis, an initiative of the FDA Oncology Center of Excellence. Project Orbis provides a framework for concurrent submission and review of oncology drugs among international partners. For this review, FDA collaborated with the Australian Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA), the Brazilian Health Regulatory Agency (ANVISA), and United Kingdom’s Medicines & Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA). The application reviews are ongoing at the other regulatory agencies.
This review used the Assessment Aid, a voluntary submission from the applicant to facilitate the FDA’s assessment. The FDA approved this application approximately 6 weeks ahead of the FDA goal date.
This application was granted priority review, breakthrough therapy designation and orphan drug designation. A description of FDA expedited programs is in the Guidance for Industry: Expedited Programs for Serious Conditions-Drugs and Biologics.Takeda’s EXKIVITY™ (mobocertinib) Approved by U.S. FDA as the First Oral Therapy Specifically Designed for Patients with EGFR Exon20 Insertion+ NSCLC…….. https://www.takeda.com/newsroom/newsreleases/2021/takeda-exkivity-mobocertinib-approved-by-us-fda/September 15, 2021
- Approval based on Phase 1/2 trial results, which demonstrated clinically meaningful responses with a median duration of response (DoR) of approximately 1.5 years
- Next-generation sequencing (NGS) companion diagnostic test approved simultaneously to support identification of patients with EGFR Exon20 insertion mutations
OSAKA, Japan, and CAMBRIDGE, Mass. September 15, 2021 – Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited (TSE:4502/NYSE:TAK) (“Takeda”) today announced that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved EXKIVITY (mobocertinib) for the treatment of adult patients with locally advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) exon 20 insertion mutations as detected by an FDA-approved test, whose disease has progressed on or after platinum-based chemotherapy. EXKIVITY, which was granted priority review and received Breakthrough Therapy Designation, Fast Track Designation and Orphan Drug Designation from the FDA, is the first and only approved oral therapy specifically designed to target EGFR Exon20 insertion mutations. This indication is approved under Accelerated Approval based on overall response rate (ORR) and DoR. Continued approval for this indication may be contingent upon verification and description of clinical benefit in a confirmatory trial.
“The approval of EXKIVITY introduces a new and effective treatment option for patients with EGFR Exon20 insertion+ NSCLC, fulfilling an urgent need for this difficult-to-treat cancer,” said Teresa Bitetti, president, Global Oncology Business Unit, Takeda. “EXKIVITY is the first and only oral therapy specifically designed to target EGFR Exon20 insertions, and we are particularly encouraged by the duration of the responses observed with a median of approximately 1.5 years. This approval milestone reinforces our commitment to meeting the needs of underserved patient populations within the oncology community.”
The FDA simultaneously approved Thermo Fisher Scientific’s Oncomine Dx Target Test as an NGS companion diagnostic for EXKIVITY to identify NSCLC patients with EGFR Exon20 insertions. NGS testing is critical for these patients, as it can enable more accurate diagnoses compared to polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing, which detects less than 50% of EGFR Exon20 insertions.
“EGFR Exon20 insertion+ NSCLC is an underserved cancer that we have been unable to target effectively with traditional EGFR TKIs,” said Pasi A. Jänne, MD, PhD, Dana Farber Cancer Institute. “The approval of EXKIVITY (mobocertinib) marks another important step forward that provides physicians and their patients with a new targeted oral therapy specifically designed for this patient population that has shown clinically meaningful and sustained responses.”
“Patients with EGFR Exon20 insertion+ NSCLC have historically faced a unique set of challenges living with a very rare lung cancer that is not only underdiagnosed, but also lacking targeted treatment options that can improve response rates,” said Marcia Horn, executive director, Exon 20 Group at ICAN, International Cancer Advocacy Network. “As a patient advocate working with EGFR Exon20 insertion+ NSCLC patients and their families every day for nearly five years, I am thrilled to witness continued progress in the fight against this devastating disease and am grateful for the patients, families, healthcare professionals and scientists across the globe who contributed to the approval of this promising targeted therapy.”
The FDA approval is based on results from the platinum-pretreated population in the Phase 1/2 trial of EXKIVITY, which consisted of 114 patients with EGFR Exon20 insertion+ NSCLC who received prior platinum-based therapy and were treated at the 160 mg dose. Results were presented at the 2021 American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) Annual Meeting from the Phase 1/2 trial and demonstrated a confirmed ORR of 28% per independent review committee (IRC) (35% per investigator) as well as a median DoR of 17.5 months per IRC, a median overall survival (OS) of 24 months and a median progression-free survival (PFS) of 7.3 months per IRC.
The most common adverse reactions (>20%) were diarrhea, rash, nausea, stomatitis, vomiting, decreased appetite, paronychia, fatigue, dry skin, and musculoskeletal pain. The EXKIVITY Prescribing Information includes a boxed warning for QTc prolongation and Torsades de Pointes, and warnings and precautions for interstitial lung disease/pneumonitis, cardiac toxicity, and diarrhea.
The FDA review was conducted under Project Orbis, an initiative of the FDA Oncology Center of Excellence (OCE), which provides a framework for concurrent submission and review of oncology products among international partners. We look forward to continuing our work with regulatory agencies across the globe to bring mobocertinib to patients.
About EXKIVITY (mobocertinib)
EXKIVITY is a first-in-class, oral tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) specifically designed to selectively target epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) Exon20 insertion mutations.
EXKIVITY is approved in the U.S. for the treatment of adult patients with locally advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with EGFR exon 20 insertion mutations as detected by an FDA-approved test, whose disease has progressed on or after platinum-based chemotherapy.
Results from the Phase 1/2 trial of mobocertinib have also been accepted for review by the Center for Drug Evaluation (CDE) in China for locally advanced or metastatic NSCLC patients with EGFR Exon20 insertion mutations who have been previously treated with at least one prior systemic chemotherapy.
For more information about EXKIVITY, visit http://www.EXKIVITY.com. For the Prescribing Information, including the Boxed Warning, please visit https://takeda.info/Exkivity-Prescribing-Information.
About EGFR Exon20 Insertion+ NSCLC
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common form of lung cancer, accounting for approximately 85% of the estimated 2.2 million new cases of lung cancer diagnosed each year worldwide, according to the World Health Organization.1,2 Patients with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) Exon20 insertion+ NSCLC make up approximately 1-2% of patients with NSCLC, and the disease is more common in Asian populations compared to Western populations.3-7 This disease carries a worse prognosis than other EGFR mutations, as EGFR TKIs – which do not specifically target EGFR Exon20 insertions – and chemotherapy provide limited benefit for these patients.
Takeda is committed to continuing research and development to meet the needs of the lung cancer community through the discovery and delivery of transformative medicines.
EXKIVITY IMPORTANT SAFETY INFORMATION
QTc Interval Prolongation and Torsades de Pointes: EXKIVITY can cause life-threatening heart rate-corrected QT (QTc) prolongation, including Torsades de Pointes, which can be fatal, and requires monitoring of QTc and electrolytes at baseline and periodically during treatment. Increase monitoring frequency in patients with risk factors for QTc prolongation. Avoid use of concomitant drugs which are known to prolong the QTc interval and use of strong or moderate CYP3A inhibitors with EXKIVITY, which may further prolong the QTc. Withhold, reduce the dose, or permanently discontinue EXKIVITY based on the severity of QTc prolongation.
Interstitial Lung Disease (ILD)/Pneumonitis: Monitor patients for new or worsening pulmonary symptoms indicative of ILD/pneumonitis. Immediately withhold EXKIVITY in patients with suspected ILD/pneumonitis and permanently discontinue EXKIVITY if ILD/pneumonitis is confirmed.
Cardiac Toxicity: Monitor cardiac function, including left ventricular ejection fraction, at baseline and during treatment. Withhold, resume at reduced dose or permanently discontinue based on severity.
Diarrhea: Diarrhea may lead to dehydration or electrolyte imbalance, with or without renal impairment. Monitor electrolytes and advise patients to start an antidiarrheal agent at first episode of diarrhea and to increase fluid and electrolyte intake. Withhold, reduce the dose, or permanently discontinue EXKIVITY based on the severity.
Embryo-Fetal Toxicity: Can cause fetal harm. Advise females of reproductive potential of the potential risk to a fetus and to use effective non-hormonal contraception.
Mobocertinib, sold under the brand name Exkivity, is used for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer.[2][3]
The most common side effects include diarrhea, rash, nausea, stomatitis, vomiting, decreased appetite, paronychia, fatigue, dry skin, and musculoskeletal pain.[2]
Mobocertinib is a small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitor. Its molecular target is epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) bearing mutations in the exon 20 region.[4][5]
Mobocertinib was approved for medical use in the United States in September 2021.[2][3] It is a first-in-class oral treatment to target EGFR Exon20 insertion mutations.[3]
Medical uses
Mobocertinib is indicated for adults with locally advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) exon 20 insertion mutations, as detected by an FDA-approved test, whose disease has progressed on or after platinum-based chemotherapy.[2]

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PATENT
WO 2019222093
https://patents.google.com/patent/WO2019222093A1

Scheme I



Example 1 Procedure for the preparation of isopropyl 2-((5-acrylamido-4-((2- (dimethylamino)ethyl) (methyl)amino)-2-methoxyphenyl)amino)-4-(l -methyl- lH-indol-3- yl)pyrimidine-5-carboxylate (Compound (A)).

[00351] Step 1 : Preparation of isopropyl 2-chloro-4-(l -methyl- lH-indo 1-3 -yl)pyrimidine-5- carboxylate.

[00352] To a 2 L Radley reactor equipped with a mechanical stirrer, a thermometer, and a refluxing condenser was charged isopropyl 2,4-dichloropyrimidine-5-carboxylate (100 g, 42.5 mmol, 1.00 eq.) andl,2-dimethoxyethane (DME, 1.2 L, 12 vol) at RT. The mixture was cooled to 3 °C, and granular AlCb (65.5 g, 49.1 mmol, 1.15 eq.) was added in 2 portions (IT 3-12 °C, jacket set 0 °C). The white slurry was stirred 15-25 °C for 60 minutes. 1 -Methylindole (59 g, 44.9 mmol, 1.06 eq.) was added in one portion (IT 20-21°C). DME (100 mL) was used to aid 1- Methylindole transfer. The reaction mixture was aged for at 35 °C for 24 h. Samples (1 mL) were removed at 5 h and 24 h for HPLC analysis (TM1195).[00353] At 5 h the reaction had 70 % conversion, while after 24 h the desired conversion was attained (< 98%).[00354] The reaction mixture was cooled to 0 °C to 5 °C and stirred for 1 h. The solids were collected via filtration and washed with DME (100 mL). The solids (AlCb complex) were charged back to reactor followed by 2-MeTHF (1 L, 10 vol), and water (400 mL, 4 vol). The mixture was stirred for 10 minutes. The stirring was stopped to allow the layers to separate.The organic phase was washed with water (200 mL, 2 vol). The combined aqueous phase was re-extracted with 2-MeTHF (100 mL, 1 vol).[00355] During workup a small amount of product title compound started to crystallize.Temperature during workup should be at about 25-40 °C.[00356] The combined organic phase was concentrated under mild vacuum to 300-350 mL (IT 40-61 °C). Heptane (550 mL) was charged while maintaining the internal temperature between 50 °C and 60 °C. The resulting slurry was cooled at 25 °C over 15 minutes, aged for 1 h (19-25 °C) and the resulting solids isolated by filtration.[00357] The product was dried at 50 °C under vacuum for 3 days to yield 108.1 g (77 % yield) of the title compound, in 100% purity (AUC) as a yellow solid.‘H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-i/e) d ppm 1.24 (d, J= 6.53 Hz, 6 H) 3.92 (s, 3 H) 5.19 (spt, J=6.27 Hz, 1 H) 7.25 – 7.35 (m, 2 H) 7.59 (d, J=8.03 Hz, 1 H) 8.07 (s, 1 H) 8.16 (d, J= 7.53 Hz, 1 H) 8.82 (s, 1 H).[00358] Step 2: Preparation of isopropyl 2-((4-fhioro-2-methoxy-5-nitrophenyl)amino)-4-(l- methyl-lH-indol-3-yl)pyrimidine-5-carboxylate.

[00359] A mixture of the product of step 1 (85.0 g, 258 mmol, 1.0 eq.), 4-fluoro-2-methoxy- 5nitroaniline (57.0 g, 306 mmol, 1.2 eq.) and PTSA monohydrate (13.3 g, 70.0 mmol, 0.27 eq.) in acetonitrile (1.4 L, 16.5 v) was heated to 76-81 °C under nitrogen in a 2 L Radley reactor. IPC at 19 h indicated that the reaction was complete.[00360] The reaction mixture was cooled to 25 °C and water (80 mL) was charged in one portion (IT during charge dropped from 25 °C to 19 °C). The reaction mixture was aged for 1 h at 21 °C and then the resulting solids were isolated by filtration. The product was washed with EtOAc (2 x 150 mL) and dried in high vacuum at 50 °C to 60 °C for 44 h to give 121.5 g of the title compound (98% yield), HPLC purity 100 % a/a; NMR indicated that PTSA was purged.¾ NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-7,) d ppm 1.21 (d, 7=6.02 Hz, 6 H) 3.91 (s, 3 H) 4.02 (s, 3 H) 5.09 (spt, 7=6.27 Hz, 1 H) 7.10 (t, 7=7.53 Hz, 1 H) 7.26 (t, 7=7.58 Hz, 1 H) 7.42 (d, 7=13.05 Hz, 1 H) 7.55 (d, 7=8.53 Hz, 1 H) 7.90 (br d, 7=7.53 Hz, 1 H) 7.98 (s, 1 H) 8.75 (s, 1 H) 8.88 (d, 7=8.03 Hz, 1 H) 9.03 (s, 1 H).[00361] Step 3: Preparation of isopropyl 2-((4-((2-(dimethylamino)ethyl(methyl)amino)-2- methoxy-5-nitrophenyl)amino)-4-(l-methyl-lH-indol-3-yl)pyrimidine-5-carboxylate.

[00362] A 50 L flask was charged 1.500 kg of the product of step 2 (3.1 moles, l.O equiv.), 639.0 g A,A,A-trimethylethylenediamine (6.3 mol, 2 equiv.), and 21 L MeCN. The resulting slurry was mixed for 7 hours at reflux. The reaction was cooled overnight. Water (16.5 L) was added before the solids were isolated. After isolation of the solids, a wash of 2.25 L MeCN in 2.25 L water was conducted to provide the title compound. The solids were dried, under vacuum, at 75 °C. HPLC purity a/a % of the dry solid was 99.3%.¾ NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-7,) d ppm 1.22 (d, 7=6.02 Hz, 6 H) 2.09 – 2.13 (m, 1 H) 2.19 (s, 6 H) 2.49 – 2.52 (m, 1 H) 2.89 (s, 3 H) 3.29 – 3.35 (m, 2 H) 3.89 (s, 3 H) 3.94 (s, 3 H) 5.10 (spt, 7=6.19 Hz, 1 H) 6.86 (s, 1 H) 7.07 (br t, 7=7.53 Hz, 1 H) 7.24 (t, 7=7.28 Hz, 1 H) 7.53 (d, 7=8.53Hz, 1 H) 7.86 – 8.02 (m, 2 H) 8.36 (s, 1 H) 8.69 (s, 1 H) 8.85 (s, 1 H).[00363] Step 4: Preparation of isopropyl 2-((5-amino-4-((2-(dimethylamino)ethyl)(methyl)- amino)-2-methoxyphenyl)amino)-4-(l -methyl- lH-indo 1-3 -yl)pyrimidine-5-carboxy late.

[00364] To a mixture of the product of step 3 (1.501 kg, 2.67 mol, 1.00 eq.) and 10% Pd/C (64 % wet, 125.0 g, 0.01 1 eq.) was added 2-MeTHF (17.7 L) in a 20 L pressure reactor. The mixture was hydrogenated at 6- 10 psi ¾ and at 40 °C until IPC indicated complete conversion (1 1 h, the reaction product 99.0%). The reaction mixture was filtered (Celite), and the pad rinsed with MeTHF (2.5 L total). The filtrate was stored under N2 in a refrigerator until crystallization.[00365] Approximately 74% of 2-MeTHF was evaporated under reduced pressure while maintaining IT 23-34 °C (residual volume in the reactor was approximately 4.8 L). To the mixture was added n-heptane (6 L) over 15 min via dropping funnel. The resulting slurry was aged at room temperature overnight. The next day the solids on the walls were scraped to incorporate them into the slurry and the solids were isolated by filtration. The isolated solids were washed with n-heptane containing 5% MeTFlF (2 x 750 mL), and dried (75 °C, 30 inch Flg) to yield 1287 g (91 % yield) of the title compound as a yellow solid. F1PLC purity: 99.7% pure.[00366] ¾ NMR (400 MHz, DMSO- ) d ppm 1.20 (d, .7=6.02 Hz, 6 H) 2.21 (s, 6 H) 2.37 -2.44 (m, 2 H) 2.68 (s, 3 H) 2.93 (t, .7=6.78 Hz, 2 H) 3.74 (s, 3 H) 3.90 (s, 3 H) 4.60 (s, 2 H) 5.08 (spt, 7=6.19 Hz, 1 H) 6.80 (s, 1 H) 7.08 – 7.15 (m, 1 H) 7.19 – 7.26 (m, 2 H) 7.52 (d, .7=8.03 Hz, 1 H) 7.94 – 8.01 (m, 2 H) 8.56 (s, 1 H) 8.66 (s, 1 H).[00367] Step 5: Preparation of isopropyl 2-((4-((2-(dimethylamino)ethyl)(methyl)amino)-2- methoxy-5 -(3 -(phenylsulfonyl)propanamido)phenyl)amino)-4-(l -methyl- lH-indol-3- yl)pyrimidine-5-carboxylate.

lnt-5[00368] A mixture of the product of step 4 (1.284 kg, 2.415 mol, 1.0 eq.) and 3- (phenylsulfonyl)propionic acid (0.5528 kg, 2.580 mol, 1.07 eq.) in anhydrous DCM (8.5 L) was cooled to 2 °C, and treated with DIEA (0.310 kg, 2.399 mol, 1.0 eq.). To the reaction mixture was charged over 40 min, 50 % w/w T3P in MeTHF (1.756 kg, 2.759 mol, 1.14 eq.) while maintaining the internal temperature between 0 °C and 8 °C. The mixture was stirred at 0 °C to 5 °C for 15 minutes and then warmed over 30 min to 15 °C then held at 15 °C to 30 °C for 60 min.[00369] The reaction was quenched with water (179 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred at ambient temperature for 30 min then DIEA (439 g) was charged in one portion. The resulting mixture was aged for 15 min, and then treated with 5% aqueous K2CO3 (7.3 L) at 22-25 °C. The organic layer was separated and the aqueous layer back extracted with DCM (6.142 L). The combined organic extract was washed with brine (2 x 5.5 L).[00370] The organic extract was concentrated to 6.5 L, diluted with EtOFl, 200 Proof (14.3 kg), and the mixture concentrated under vacuum (23-25 inch Flg/IT40-60 °C) to a residual volume of 12.8 L.[00371] The residual slurry was treated with EtOFl, 200 Proof (28.8 Kg), and heated to 69 °C to obtain a thin slurry. The reaction mixture was cooled to 15 °C over 2 h, and stored overnight at 15 °C under nitrogen.[00372] The next day, the mixture was cooled to 5 °C, and aged for 30 minutes. The resulting solid was isolated by filtration, washed with EtOFl (2 x 2.16 kg) and dried to give 1.769 kg (100% yield) of the title compound. F1PLC purity 99.85%.‘H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-i¾ d ppm 1.08 – 1.19 (m, 8 H) 2.15 (s, 6 H) 2.32 (t, J= 5.77 Hz, 2 H) 2.66 – 2.76 (m, 5 H) 2.88 (br t, J= 5.52 Hz, 2 H) 3.48 (qd, J= 7.03, 5.02 Hz, 1 H) 3.60 – 3.69 (m, 2 H) 3.83 (s, 3 H) 3.89 (s, 3 H) 4.40 (t, J=5.02 Hz, 1 H) 5.04 (quin, J=6.27 Hz, 1 H) 7.01 – 7.09 (m, 2 H) 7.22 (t, J= 7.53 Hz, 1 H) 7.52 (d, J= 8.53 Hz, 1 H) 7.67 – 7.82 (m, 4 H) 7.97 (s, 1 H) 7.98 – 8.00 (m, 1 H) 8.14 (s, 1 H) 8.61 – 8.70 (m, 3 H) 10.09 (s, 1 H).[00373] Step 6: Preparation of isopropyl 2-((5-acrylamido-4-((2-(dimethylamino)ethyl) (methyl)amino)-2-methoxyphenyl)amino)-4-(l -methyl- lH-indol-3-yl)pyrimidine-5-carboxylate (Compound (A)).

compound (A)[00374] The product of step 5 (1.600 kg, 2.198 mol, 1.0 equiv.) was dissolved in anhydrous THF (19.5 kg) and was treated at -1 °C to 1 °C with 2M KOSi(CH3)3 in THF (2.72 L, 5.44 mol, 2.47 equiv.). KOSi(CFb)3 was added over 5 minutes, reactor jacket set at -5 °C to 10 °C. 2 M KOSi(CFh)3 solution was prepared by dissolving 871 g of KOSi(CFh)3 technical grade (90%) in 3.056 L of anhydrous TF1F.[00375] The reaction mixture was aged for 60 minutes. Potable water (22 L) was charged to the reaction mixture over 1 10 minutes, while maintaining temperature at 2-7 °C. The resulting suspension was aged at 3-7 °C for 60 minutes; the product was isolated by filtration (the filtration rate during crude product isolation was (1.25 L/min), washed with potable water (2 x 1.6 L) and air dried overnight and then in high vacuum for 12 h at 45 °C to give 1.186 kg of crude title compound (92% yield).‘H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-i¾ d ppm 1.05 (t, J= 7.09 Hz, 2 H) 1.1 1 (d, J= 6.36 Hz, 6 H) 2.1 1 (s, 6 H) 2.28 (br t, .7=5.38 Hz, 3 H) 2.55 – 2.67 (m, 3 H) 2.69 (s, 3 H) 2.83 (br t, .7=5.38 Hz, 3 H) 3.31 (s, 3 H) 3.36 – 3.51 (m, 2 H) 3.54 – 3.70 (m, 3 H) 3.75 – 3.82 (m, 3 H) 4.33 (t, .7=5.14 Hz, 1 H) 4.99 (dt, 7=12.35, 6.30 Hz, 2 H) 5.75 (s, 1 H) 6.95 – 7.07 (m, 2 H) 7.17 (br t, .7=7.58 Hz, 2 H) 7.48 (d, 7=8.31 Hz, 2 H) 7.62 – 7.71 (m, 3 H) 7.71 – 7.83 (m, 2 H) 7.93 (d, .7=7.83 Hz, 3 H) 8.09 (s, 2 H) 8.53 – 8.67 (m, 3 H) 10.03 (s, 2 H).[00376] Step 7: Preparation of polymorphic Form-I of isopropyl 2-((5-acrylamido-4-((2- (dimethylamino)ethyl) (methyl)amino)-2-methoxyphenyl)amino)-4-(l -methyl- lH-indol-3- yl)pyrimidine-5-carboxylate (Free base Compound (A)).[00377] Method 1 : The crude product of step 6 (1.130 kg) was recrystallized by dissolving it in EtOAc (30.1 kg) at 75 °C, polish filtered (1.2 pm in-line filter), followed by concentration of the filtrate to 14 L of residue (IT during concentration is 58-70 °C). The residual slurry was cooled to 0 °C over 70 minutes and then aged at 0-2 °C for 30 minutes. Upon isolation the product was dried to a constant weight to give 1.007 kg (89% recovery) of the title compound as polymorphic Form-I. Purity (HPLC, a/a %, 99.80%).
PATENT
WO 2015195228
https://patents.google.com/patent/WO2015195228A1/en
PATENT
https://patents.google.com/patent/US10227342
References
- ^ Jump up to:a b https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2021/215310s000lbl.pdf
- ^ Jump up to:a b c d e “FDA grants accelerated approval to mobocertinib for metastatic non-sma”. U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). 16 September 2021. Retrieved 16 September 2021.
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- ^ Jump up to:a b c “Takeda’s Exkivity (mobocertinib) Approved by U.S. FDA as the First Oral Therapy Specifically Designed for Patients with EGFR Exon20 Insertion+ NSCLC” (Press release). Takeda Pharmaceutical Company. 15 September 2021. Retrieved 16 September 2021 – via Business Wire.
- ^ “TAK-788 as First-line Treatment Versus Platinum-Based Chemotherapy for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) With EGFR Exon 20 Insertion Mutations”. Clinicaltrials.gov. Retrieved 17 February 2021.
- ^ Zhang SS, Zhu VW (2021). “Spotlight on Mobocertinib (TAK-788) in NSCLC with EGFR Exon 20 Insertion Mutations”. Lung Cancer. Auckland, N.Z. 12: 61–65. doi:10.2147/LCTT.S307321. PMC 8286072. PMID 34285620.
External links
- “Mobocertinib”. Drug Information Portal. U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- Clinical trial number NCT02716116 for “A Study of TAK-788 in Adults With Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer” at ClinicalTrials.gov
Clinical data | |
---|---|
Trade names | Exkivity |
Other names | TAK-788 |
License data | US DailyMed: Mobocertinib |
Pregnancy category | Contraindicated[1] |
Routes of administration | By mouth |
Drug class | Antineoplastic |
ATC code | None |
Legal status | |
Legal status | US: ℞-only [1][2] |
Identifiers | |
showIUPAC name | |
CAS Number | 1847461-43-12389149-74-8 |
PubChem CID | 118607832 |
DrugBank | DB16390DBSALT003192 |
ChemSpider | 84455481 |
UNII | 39HBQ4A67L |
KEGG | D12001D11969 |
ChEMBL | ChEMBL4650319 |
Chemical and physical data | |
Formula | C32H39N7O4 |
Molar mass | 585.709 g·mol−1 |
3D model (JSmol) | Interactive image |
showSMILES | |
showInChI |
////////////mobocertinib, Exkivity, TAK 788, AP32788, fda 2021, approvals 2021, cancer
CC(C)OC(=O)C1=CN=C(N=C1C2=CN(C3=CC=CC=C32)C)NC4=C(C=C(C(=C4)NC(=O)C=C)N(C)CCN(C)C)OC

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one time to maintain this blog
$10.00
Piflufolastat F 18 injection, Dcfpyl F-18


Piflufolastat F 18 injection
Dcfpyl F-18
CAS 207181-29-0
PLAIN F 1423758-00-2 WITHOUT RADIO LABELC18 H23 F N4 O8, 441.4L-Glutamic acid, N-[[[(1S)-1-carboxy-5-[[[6-(fluoro-18F)-3-pyridinyl]carbonyl]amino]pentyl]amino]carbonyl]-2-(3-{1-carboxy-5-[(6-[18F]fluoro-pyridine-3-carbonyl) amino]-pentyl}ureido)-pentanedioic acid
Other Names
- N-[[[(1S)-1-Carboxy-5-[[[6-(fluoro-18F)-3-pyridinyl]carbonyl]amino]pentyl]amino]carbonyl]-L-glutamic acid
- [18F]DCFPyl
Dcfpyl F-18
(18F)Dcfpyl
UNII-3934EF02T7
18F-DCFPyL
3934EF02T7
Progenics Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
APPROVED 5/26/2021 fda, Pylarify
For positron emission tomography imaging of prostate-specific membrane antigen-positive lesions in men with prostate cancer
For positron emission tomography (PET) of prostatespecific membrane antigen (PSMA) positive lesions in men with prostate cancer: • with suspected metastasis who are candidates for initial definitive therapy. • with suspected recurrence based on elevated serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level.
- Originator Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine
- Developer Curium Pharma; Progenics Pharmaceuticals
- Class Amides; Carboxylic acids; Fluorinated hydrocarbons; Imaging agents; Pyridines; Radiopharmaceutical diagnostics; Radiopharmaceuticals; Small molecules; Urea compounds
- Mechanism of ActionPositron-emission tomography enhancers
- Orphan Drug StatusNo
- MarketedProstate cancer
- 28 May 2021Registered for Prostate cancer (Diagnosis) in USA (IV) – First global approval
- 28 May 2021Adverse events data from phase III CONDOR and phase II/III OSPREY trials in prostate cancer released by Lantheus Holdings
- 27 May 2021Lantheus Holdings intends to launch Fluorine-18 DCFPyL in USA at end of 2021
PYLARIFY contains fluorine 18 (F 18), radiolabeled prostate-specific membrane antigen inhibitor imaging agent. Chemically piflufolastat F 18 is 2-(3-{1-carboxy-5-[(6-[18F]fluoro-pyridine-3-carbonyl) amino]-pentyl}ureido)-pentanedioic acid. The molecular weight is 441.4 and the structural formula is:

The chiral purity of the unlabeled piflufolastat F 18 precursor is greater than 99% (S,S). PYLARIFY is a sterile, non-pyrogenic, clear, colorless solution for intravenous injection. Each milliliter contains 37 to 2,960 MBq (1 to 80 mCi) piflufolastat F 18 with ≤0.01 µg/mCi of piflufolastat at calibration time and date, and ≤ 78.9 mg ethanol in 0.9% sodium chloride injection USP. The pH of the solution is 4.5 to 7.0. PYLARIFY has a radiochemical purity of at least 95% up to 10 hours following end of synthesis, and specific activity of at least 1000 mCi/µmol at the time of administration.
PYLARIFY contains fluorine 18 (F 18), radiolabeled prostate-specific membrane antigen inhibitor imaging agent. Chemically piflufolastat F 18 is 2-(3-{1-carboxy-5-[(6-[18F]fluoro-pyridine-3-carbonyl)amino]-pentyl}ureido)-pentanedioic acid. The molecular weight is 441.4 and the structural formula is:
![]() |
The chiral purity of the unlabeled piflufolastat F 18 precursor is greater than 99% (S,S).
PYLARIFY is a sterile, non-pyrogenic, clear, colorless solution for intravenous injection. Each milliliter contains 37 to 2,960 MBq (1 to 80 mCi) piflufolastat F 18 with ≤0.01 μg/mCi of piflufolastat at calibration time and date, and ≤ 78.9 mg ethanol in 0.9% sodium chloride injection USP. The pH of the solution is 4.5 to 7.0.
PYLARIFY has a radiochemical purity of at least 95% up to 10 hours following end of synthesis, and specific activity of at least 1000 mCi/μmol at the time of administration.
Physical Characteristics
PYLARIFY is radiolabeled with fluorine 18 (F 18), a cyclotron produced radionuclide that decays by positron emission to stable oxygen 18 with a half-life of 109.8 minutes. The principal photons useful for diagnostic imaging are the coincident pair of 511 keV gamma photons, resulting from the interaction of the emitted positron with an electron (Table 3).
Table 3: Principal Radiation Produced from Decay of Fluorine 18
Radiation Energy (keV) | Abundance (%) | |
Positron | 249.8 | 96.9 |
Gamma | 511 | 193.5 |
FDA
- Approval Letter(s) (PDF)
- Printed Labeling (PDF)
- Product Quality Review(s) (PDF)
- Multi-Discipline Review (PDF)
- Proprietary Name Review(s) (PDF)
- Officer/Employee List (PDF)
- Other Review(s) (PDF)
- Risk Assessment and Risk Mitigation Review(s) (PDF)
- Administrative and Correspondence Documents (PDF)
PATENT
WO 2016030329
WO 2017072200
PAPER
Journal of Labelled Compounds and Radiopharmaceuticals (2016), 59(11), 439-450
CLIP
https://ejnmmires.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s13550-016-0195-6
![Radiosynthesis of [ 18 F]DCFPyL](https://www.researchgate.net/publication/301830909/figure/fig4/AS:362696278069251@1463484939571/Radiosynthesis-of-18-FDCFPyL.png)
Radiosynthesis of [ 18 F]DCFPyL




Structure of 18F-labeled small-molecule PSMA inhibitors
/////////piflufolastat F 18, injection, Orphan Drug , Prostate cancer, [18F]DCFPyL, 18F-DCFPYL, DCFPYL F-18, fda 2021, approvals 2021
- Product Quality Review(s) (PDF)
- Multi-Discipline Review (PDF)
- Proprietary Name Review(s) (PDF)
- Officer/Employee List (PDF)
- Other Review(s) (PDF)
- Risk Assessment and Risk Mitigation Review(s) (PDF)
- Administrative and Correspondence Documents (PDF)
- Label (PDF)
C1=CC(=NC=C1C(=O)NCCCCC(C(=O)O)NC(=O)NC(CCC(=O)O)C(=O)O)F

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Sotorasib

Sotorasib
6-fluoro-7-(2-fluoro-6-hydroxyphenyl)-1-(4-methyl-2-propan-2-ylpyridin-3-yl)-4-[(2S)-2-methyl-4-prop-2-enoylpiperazin-1-yl]pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2-one
AMG 510
AMG-510
AMG510
Formula | C30H30F2N6O3 |
---|---|
CAS | 2296729-00-3 |
Mol weight | 560.5944 |
FDA APPROVED, 2021/5/28 Lumakras
Antineoplastic, Non-small cell lung cancer (KRAS G12C-mutated)
ソトラシブ (JAN);
Sotorasib

(1M)-6-Fluoro-7-(2-fluoro-6-hydroxyphenyl)-1-[4-methyl-2-(propan-2-yl)pyridin-3-yl]-4-[(2S)-2-methyl-4-(prop-2-enoyl)piperazin-1-yl]pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2(1H)-one
C30H30F2N6O3 : 560.59
[2296729-00-3]
Sotorasib is an inhibitor of the RAS GTPase family. The molecular formula is C30H30F2N6O3, and the molecular weight is 560.6 g/mol. The chemical name of sotorasib is 6-fluoro-7-(2-fluoro-6-hydroxyphenyl)-(1M)-1-[4-methyl-2-(propan-2-yl)pyridin-3-yl]-4-[(2S)-2-methyl-4-(prop-2enoyl) piperazin-1-yl]pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2(1H)-one. The chemical structure of sotorasib is shown below:
![]() |
Sotorasib has pKa values of 8.06 and 4.56. The solubility of sotorasib in the aqueous media decreases over the range pH 1.2 to 6.8 from 1.3 mg/mL to 0.03 mg/mL.
LUMAKRAS is supplied as film-coated tablets for oral use containing 120 mg of sotorasib. Inactive ingredients in the tablet core are microcrystalline cellulose, lactose monohydrate, croscarmellose sodium, and magnesium stearate. The film coating material consists of polyvinyl alcohol, titanium dioxide, polyethylene glycol, talc, and iron oxide yellow.
FDA grants accelerated approval to sotorasib for KRAS G12C mutated NSCLC
On May 28, 2021, the Food and Drug Administration granted accelerated approval to sotorasib (Lumakras™, Amgen, Inc.), a RAS GTPase family inhibitor, for adult patients with KRAS G12C ‑mutated locally advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), as determined by an FDA ‑approved test, who have received at least one prior systemic therapy.
FDA also approved the QIAGEN therascreen® KRAS RGQ PCR kit (tissue) and the Guardant360® CDx (plasma) as companion diagnostics for Lumakras. If no mutation is detected in a plasma specimen, the tumor tissue should be tested.
Approval was based on CodeBreaK 100, a multicenter, single-arm, open label clinical trial (NCT03600883) which included patients with locally advanced or metastatic NSCLC with KRAS G12C mutations. Efficacy was evaluated in 124 patients whose disease had progressed on or after at least one prior systemic therapy. Patients received sotorasib 960 mg orally daily until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
The main efficacy outcome measures were objective response rate (ORR) according to RECIST 1.1, as evaluated by blinded independent central review and response duration. The ORR was 36% (95% CI: 28%, 45%) with a median response duration of 10 months (range 1.3+, 11.1).
The most common adverse reactions (≥ 20%) were diarrhea, musculoskeletal pain, nausea, fatigue, hepatotoxicity, and cough. The most common laboratory abnormalities (≥ 25%) were decreased lymphocytes, decreased hemoglobin, increased aspartate aminotransferase, increased alanine aminotransferase, decreased calcium, increased alkaline phosphatase, increased urine protein, and decreased sodium.
The recommended sotorasib dose is 960 mg orally once daily with or without food.
The approved 960 mg dose is based on available clinical data, as well as pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic modeling that support the approved dose. As part of the evaluation for this accelerated approval, FDA is requiring a postmarketing trial to investigate whether a lower dose will have a similar clinical effect.
View full prescribing information for Lumakras.
This indication is approved under accelerated approval based on overall response rate and duration of response. Continued approval for this indication may be contingent upon verification and description of clinical benefit in a confirmatory trial(s).
This review was conducted under Project Orbis, an initiative of the FDA Oncology Center of Excellence. Project Orbis provides a framework for concurrent submission and review of oncology drugs among international partners. For this review, FDA collaborated with the Australian Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA), the Brazilian Health Regulatory Agency (ANVISA), Health Canada, and the United Kingdom Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA). The application reviews are ongoing at the other regulatory agencies.
This review used the Real-Time Oncology Review (RTOR) pilot program, which streamlined data submission prior to the filing of the entire clinical application, the Assessment Aid, and the Product Quality Assessment Aid (PQAA), voluntary submissions from the applicant to facilitate the FDA’s assessment. The FDA approved this application approximately 10 weeks ahead of the FDA goal date.
This application was granted priority review, fast-track, breakthrough therapy and orphan drug designation. A description of FDA expedited programs is in the Guidance for Industry: Expedited Programs for Serious Conditions-Drugs and Biologics.
Sotorasib, sold under the brand name Lumakras is an anti-cancer medication used to treat non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC).[1][2] It targets a specific mutation, G12C, in the protein KRAS which is responsible for various forms of cancer.[3][4]
The most common side effects include diarrhea, musculoskeletal pain, nausea, fatigue, liver damage and cough.[1][2]
Sotorasib is an inhibitor of the RAS GTPase family.[1]
Sotorasib is the first approved targeted therapy for tumors with any KRAS mutation, which accounts for approximately 25% of mutations in non-small cell lung cancers.[2] KRAS G12C mutations represent about 13% of mutations in non-small cell lung cancers.[2] Sotorasib was approved for medical use in the United States in May 2021.[2][5]
Sotorasib is an experimental KRAS inhibitor being investigated for the treatment of KRAS G12C mutant non small cell lung cancer, colorectal cancer, and appendix cancer.
Sotorasib, also known as AMG-510, is an acrylamide derived KRAS inhibitor developed by Amgen.1,3 It is indicated in the treatment of adult patients with KRAS G12C mutant non small cell lung cancer.6 This mutation makes up >50% of all KRAS mutations.2 Mutant KRAS discovered in 1982 but was not considered a druggable target until the mid-2010s.5 It is the first experimental KRAS inhibitor.1
The drug MRTX849 is also currently being developed and has the same target.1
Sotorasib was granted FDA approval on 28 May 2021.6
Medical uses
Sotorasib is indicated for the treatment of adults with KRAS G12C-mutated locally advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), as determined by an FDA-approved test, who have received at least one prior systemic therapy.[1][2]
Clinical development
Sotorasib is being developed by Amgen. Phase I clinical trials were completed in 2020.[6][7][8] In December 2019, it was approved to begin Phase II clinical trials.[9]
Because the G12C KRAS mutation is relatively common in some cancer types, 14% of non-small-cell lung cancer adenocarcinoma patients and 5% of colorectal cancer patients,[10] and sotorasib is the first drug candidate to target this mutation, there have been high expectations for the drug.[10][11][12] The Food and Drug Administration has granted a fast track designation to sotorasib for the treatment of metastatic non-small-cell lung carcinoma with the G12C KRAS mutation.[13]
Chemistry and pharmacology
Sotorasib can exist in either of two atropisomeric forms and one is more active than the other.[10] It selectively forms an irreversible covalent bond to the sulfur atom in the cysteine residue that is present in the mutated form of KRAS, but not in the normal form.[10]
History
Researchers evaluated the efficacy of sotorasib in a study of 124 participants with locally advanced or metastatic KRAS G12C-mutated non-small cell lung cancer with disease progression after receiving an immune checkpoint inhibitor and/or platinum-based chemotherapy.[2] The major outcomes measured were objective response rate (proportion of participants whose tumor is destroyed or reduced) and duration of response.[2] The objective response rate was 36% and 58% of those participants had a duration of response of six months or longer.[2]
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) granted the application for sotorasib orphan drug, fast track, priority review, and breakthrough therapy designations.[2] The FDA collaborated with the Australian Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA), the Brazilian Health Regulatory Agency (ANVISA), Health Canada and the United Kingdom Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA).[2] The application reviews are ongoing at the other regulatory agencies.[2]
The FDA granted approval of Lumakras to Amgen Inc.[2]
Society and culture
Economics
Sotorasib costs US$17,900 per month.[5]
Names
Sotorasib is the recommended international nonproprietary name (INN).[14]
PAPER
Nature (London, United Kingdom) (2019), 575(7781), 217-223
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-019-1694-1
KRAS is the most frequently mutated oncogene in cancer and encodes a key signalling protein in tumours1,2. The KRAS(G12C) mutant has a cysteine residue that has been exploited to design covalent inhibitors that have promising preclinical activity3,4,5. Here we optimized a series of inhibitors, using novel binding interactions to markedly enhance their potency and selectivity. Our efforts have led to the discovery of AMG 510, which is, to our knowledge, the first KRAS(G12C) inhibitor in clinical development. In preclinical analyses, treatment with AMG 510 led to the regression of KRASG12C tumours and improved the anti-tumour efficacy of chemotherapy and targeted agents. In immune-competent mice, treatment with AMG 510 resulted in a pro-inflammatory tumour microenvironment and produced durable cures alone as well as in combination with immune-checkpoint inhibitors. Cured mice rejected the growth of isogenic KRASG12D tumours, which suggests adaptive immunity against shared antigens. Furthermore, in clinical trials, AMG 510 demonstrated anti-tumour activity in the first dosing cohorts and represents a potentially transformative therapy for patients for whom effective treatments are lacking.
Paper
Scientific Reports (2020), 10(1), 11992
PAPER
European journal of medicinal chemistry (2021), 213, 113082.
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0223523420310540

KRAS is the most commonly altered oncogene of the RAS family, especially the G12C mutant (KRASG12C), which has been a promising drug target for many cancers. On the basis of the bicyclic pyridopyrimidinone framework of the first-in-class clinical KRASG12C inhibitor AMG510, a scaffold hopping strategy was conducted including a F–OH cyclization approach and a pyridinyl N-atom working approach leading to new tetracyclic and bicyclic analogues. Compound 26a was identified possessing binding potency of 1.87 μM against KRASG12C and cell growth inhibition of 0.79 μM in MIA PaCa-2 pancreatic cancer cells. Treatment of 26a with NCI–H358 cells resulted in down-regulation of KRAS-GTP levels and reduction of phosphorylation of downstream ERK and AKT dose-dependently. Molecular docking suggested that the fluorophenol moiety of 26a occupies a hydrophobic pocket region thus forming hydrogen bonding to Arg68. These results will be useful to guide further structural modification.
PAPER
Journal of Medicinal Chemistry (2020), 63(1), 52-65.
https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b01180

KRASG12C has emerged as a promising target in the treatment of solid tumors. Covalent inhibitors targeting the mutant cysteine-12 residue have been shown to disrupt signaling by this long-“undruggable” target; however clinically viable inhibitors have yet to be identified. Here, we report efforts to exploit a cryptic pocket (H95/Y96/Q99) we identified in KRASG12C to identify inhibitors suitable for clinical development. Structure-based design efforts leading to the identification of a novel quinazolinone scaffold are described, along with optimization efforts that overcame a configurational stability issue arising from restricted rotation about an axially chiral biaryl bond. Biopharmaceutical optimization of the resulting leads culminated in the identification of AMG 510, a highly potent, selective, and well-tolerated KRASG12C inhibitor currently in phase I clinical trials (NCT03600883).
AMG 510 [(R)-38]. (1R)-6-Fluoro-7-(2-fluoro-6-hydroxyphenyl)-1-[4-methyl-2-(1-methylethyl)-3-pyridinyl]-4-[(2S)-2-methyl-4-(1-oxo-2-propen-1-yl)-1-piperazinyl]-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2(1H)-one
………… concentrated in vacuo. Chromatographic purification of the residue (silica gel; 0–100% 3:1 EtOAc–EtOH/heptane) followed by chiral supercritical fluid chromatography (Chiralpak IC, 30 mm × 250 mm, 5 μm, 55% MeOH/CO2, 120 mL/min, 102 bar) provided (1R)-6-fluoro-7-(2-fluoro-6-hydroxyphenyl)-1-[4-methyl-2-(1-methylethyl)-3-pyridinyl]-4-[(2S)-2-methyl-4-(1-oxo-2-propen-1-yl)-1-piperazinyl]pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2(1H)-one (AMG 510; (R)-38; 2.25 g, 43% yield) as the first-eluting peak. 1H NMR (600 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ ppm 10.20 (s, 1H), 8.39 (d, J = 4.9 Hz, 1H), 8.30 (d, J = 8.9 Hz, 0.5H), 8.27 (d, J = 8.7 Hz, 0.5H), 7.27 (q, J = 8.4 Hz, 1H), 7.18 (d, J = 4.9 Hz, 1H), 6.87 (dd, J = 16.2, 10.8 Hz, 0.5H), 6.84 (dd, J = 16.2, 10.7 Hz, 0.5H), 6.74 (d, J = 8.4 Hz, 1H), 6.68 (t, J = 8.4 Hz, 1H), 6.21 (d, J = 16.2 Hz, 0.5H), 6.20 (d, J = 16.2 Hz, 0.5H), 5.76 (d, J = 10.8 Hz, 0.5H), 5.76 (d, J = 10.7 Hz, 0.5H), 4.91 (m, 1H), 4.41 (d, J = 12.2 Hz, 0.5H), 4.33 (d, J = 12.2 Hz, 1H), 4.28 (d, J = 12.2 Hz, 0.5H), 4.14 (d, J = 12.2 Hz, 0.5H), 4.02 (d, J = 13.6 Hz, 0.5H), 3.69 (m, 1H), 3.65 (d, J = 13.6 Hz, 0.5H), 3.52 (t, J = 12.2 Hz, 0.5H), 3.27 (d, J = 12.2 Hz, 0.5H), 3.15 (t, J = 12.2 Hz, 0.5H), 2.72 (m, 1H), 1.90 (s, 3H), 1.35 (d, J = 6.7 Hz, 3H), 1.08 (d, J = 6.7 Hz, 3H), 0.94 (d, J = 6.7 Hz, 3H).
19F NMR (376 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ −115.6 (d, J = 5.2 Hz, 1 F), −128.6 (br s, 1 F).
13C NMR (151 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ ppm 165.0 (1C), 163.4 (1C), 162.5 (1C), 160.1 (1C), 156.8 (1C), 153.7 (1C), 151.9 (1C), 149.5 (1C), 148.3 (1C), 145.2 (1C), 144.3 (1C), 131.6 (1C), 130.8 (1C), 127.9 (0.5C), 127.9 (0.5C), 127.8 (0.5C), 127.7 (0.5C), 123.2 (1C), 122.8 (1C), 111.7 (1C), 109.7 (1C), 105.7 (1C), 105.3 (1C), 51.4 (0.5C), 51.0 (0.5C), 48.9 (0.5C), 45.4 (0.5C), 44.6 (0.5C), 43.7 (0.5C), 43.5 (0.5C), 41.6 (0.5C), 29.8 (1C), 21.9 (1C), 21.7 (1C), 17.0 (1C), 15.5 (0.5C), 14.8 (0.5C).
FTMS (ESI) m/z: [M + H]+ calcd for C30H30F2N6O3 561.24202. Found 561.24150.

d (1R)-6-Fluoro7-(2-fluoro-6-hydroxyphenyl)-1-[4-methyl-2-(1-methylethyl)-3-pyridinyl]-4-[(2S)-2-methyl-4-(1-oxo-2-propen-1-yl)-1- piperazinyl]-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2(1H)-one ((R)-38; AMG 510; 2.25 g, 43% yield) as the first-eluting peak.1 H NMR (600 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ ppm 10.20 (s, 1H), 8.39 (d, J = 4.9 Hz, 1H), 8.30 (d, J = 8.9 Hz, 0.5H), 8.27 (d, J = 8.7 Hz, 0.5H), 7.27 (q, J = 8.4 Hz, 1H), 7.18 (d, J = 4.9 Hz, 1H), 6.87 (dd, J = 16.2, 10.8 Hz, 0.5H), 6.84 (dd, J = 16.2, 10.7 Hz, 0.5H), 6.74 (d, J = 8.4 Hz, 1H), 6.68 (t, J = 8.4 Hz, 1H), 6.21 (d, J = 16.2 Hz, 0.5H), 6.20 (d, J = 16.2 Hz, 0.5H), 5.76 (d, J = 10.8 Hz, 0.5H), 5.76 (d, J = 10.7 Hz, 0.5H), 4.91 (m, 1H), 4.41 (d, J = 12.2 Hz, 0.5H), 4.33 (d, J = 12.2 Hz, 1H), 4.28 (d, J = 12.2 Hz, 0.5H), 4.14 (d, J = 12.2 Hz, 0.5H), 4.02 (d, J = 13.6 Hz, 0.5H), 3.69 (m, 1H), 3.65 (d, J = 13.6 Hz, 0.5H), 3.52 (t, J = 12.2 Hz, 0.5H), 3.27 (d, J = 12.2 Hz, 0.5H), 3.15 (t, J = 12.2 Hz, 0.5H), 2.72 (m, 1H), 1.90 (s, 3H), 1.35 (d, J = 6.7 Hz, 3H), 1.08 (d, J = 6.7 Hz, 3H), 0.94 (d, J = 6.7 Hz, 3H).
19F NMR (376 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ –115.6 (d, J = 5.2 Hz, 1 F), –128.6 (br. s., 1 F).
13C NMR (151 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ ppm 165.0 (1C), 163.4 (1C), 162.5 (1C), 160.1 (1C), 156.8 (1C), 153.7 (1C), 151.9 (1C), 149.5 (1C), 148.3 (1C), 145.2 (1C), 144.3 (1C), 131.6 (1C), 130.8 (1C), 127.9 (0.5C), 127.9 (0.5C), 127.8 (0.5C), 127.7 (0.5C), 123.2 (1C), 122.8 (1C), 111.7 (1C), 109.7 (1C), 105.7 (1C), 105.3 (1C), 51.4 (0.5C), 51.0 (0.5C), 48.9 (0.5C), 45.4 (0.5C), 44.6 (0.5C), 43.7 (0.5C), 43.5 (0.5C), 41.6 (0.5C), 29.8 (1C), 21.9 (1C), 21.7 (1C), 17.0 (1C), 15.5 (0.5C), 14.8 (0.5C).
FTMS (ESI) m/z: [M+H]+ Calcd for C30H30F2N6O3 561.24202; Found 561.24150. Atropisomer configuration (R vs. S) assigned crystallographically.The Supporting Information is available free of charge at https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b01180.
PATENT
WO 2021097212
The present disclosure relates to an improved, efficient, scalable process to prepare intermediate compounds, such as compound of Formula 6A, having the structure,
useful for the synthesis of compounds for the treatment of KRAS G12C mutated cancers.
BACKGROUND
[0003] KRAS gene mutations are common in pancreatic cancer, lung adenocarcinoma, colorectal cancer, gall bladder cancer, thyroid cancer, and bile duct cancer. KRAS mutations are also observed in about 25% of patients with NSCLC, and some studies have indicated that KRAS mutations are a negative prognostic factor in patients with NSCLC. Recently, V-Ki-ras2 Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (KRAS) mutations have been found to confer resistance to epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) targeted therapies in colorectal cancer; accordingly, the mutational status of KRAS can provide important information prior to the prescription of TKI therapy. Taken together, there is a need for new medical treatments for patients with pancreatic cancer, lung adenocarcinoma, or colorectal cancer, especially those who have been diagnosed to have such cancers characterized by a KRAS mutation, and including those who have progressed after chemotherapy.
Related Synthetic Processes
[0126] The following intermediate compounds of 6-Fluoro-7-(2-fluoro-6-hydroxyphenyl)-1-(4-methyl-2-(2-propanyl)-3-pyridinyl)-4-((2S)-2-methyl-4-(2-propenoyl)-1-piperazinyl)pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2(1H)-one are representative examples of the disclosure and are not intended to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
[0127] A synthesis of Compound 9 and the relevant intermediates is described in U.S. Serial No.15/984,855, filed May 21, 2018 (U.S. Publication No.2018/0334454, November 22, 2018) which claims priority to and the benefit claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No.62/509,629, filed on May 22, 2017, both of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entireties for all purposes. 6-Fluoro-7-(2-fluoro-6-hydroxyphenyl)-1-(4-methyl-2-(2-propanyl)-3-pyridinyl)-4-((2S)-2-methyl-4-(2-propenoyl)-1-piperazinyl)pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2(1H)-one was prepared using the following process, in which the isomers of the final product were isolated via chiral chromatography.
[0128] Step 1: 2,6-Dichloro-5-fluoronicotinamide (Intermediate S). To a mixture of 2,6-dichloro-5-fluoro-nicotinic acid (4.0 g, 19.1 mmol, AstaTech Inc., Bristol, PA) in dichloromethane (48 mL) was added oxalyl chloride (2M solution in DCM, 11.9 mL, 23.8 mmol), followed by a catalytic amount of DMF (0.05 mL). The reaction was stirred at room temperature overnight and then was concentrated. The residue was dissolved in 1,4-dioxane (48 mL) and cooled to 0 °C. Ammonium hydroxide solution (28.0-30% NH3 basis, 3.6 mL, 28.6 mmol) was added slowly via syringe. The resulting mixture was stirred at 0 °C for 30 min and then was concentrated. The residue was diluted with a 1:1 mixture of EtOAc/Heptane and agitated for 5 min, then was filtered. The filtered solids were discarded, and the remaining mother liquor was partially concentrated to half volume and filtered. The filtered solids were washed with heptane and dried in a reduced-pressure oven (45 °C) overnight to provide 2,6-dichloro-5-fluoronicotinamide. 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ ppm 8.23 (d, J = 7.9 Hz, 1 H) 8.09 (br s, 1 H) 7.93 (br s, 1 H). m/z (ESI, +ve ion): 210.9 (M+H)+.
[0129] Step 2: 2,6-Dichloro-5-fluoro-N-((2-isopropyl-4-methylpyridin-3-yl)carbamoyl)nicotinamide. To an ice-cooled slurry of 2,6-dichloro-5-fluoronicotinamide (Intermediate S, 5.0 g, 23.9 mmol) in THF (20 mL) was added oxalyl chloride (2 M solution in DCM, 14.4 mL, 28.8 mmol) slowly via syringe. The resulting mixture was heated at 75 °C for 1 h, then heating was stopped, and the reaction was concentrated to half volume. After cooling to 0 °C, THF (20 mL) was added, followed by a solution of 2-isopropyl-4-methylpyridin-3-amine (Intermediate R, 3.59 g, 23.92 mmol) in THF (10 mL), dropwise via cannula. The resulting mixture was stirred at 0 °C for 1 h and then was quenched with a 1:1 mixture of brine and saturated aqueous ammonium chloride. The mixture was extracted with EtOAc (3x) and the combined organic layers were dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated to provide 2,6-dichloro-5-fluoro-N-((2-isopropyl-4-methylpyridin-3-yl)carbamoyl)nicotinamide. This material was used without further purification in the following step. m/z (ESI, +ve ion): 385.1(M+H)+.
[0130] Step 3: 7-Chloro-6-fluoro-1-(2-isopropyl-4-methylpyridin-3-yl)pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione. To an ice-cooled solution of 2,6-dichloro-5-fluoro-N-((2-isopropyl-4-methylpyridin-3-yl)carbamoyl)nicotinamide (9.2 g, 24.0 mmol) in THF (40 mL) was added KHMDS (1 M solution in THF, 50.2 mL, 50.2 mmol) slowly via syringe. The ice bath was removed and the resulting mixture was stirred for 40 min at room temperature. The reaction was quenched with saturated aqueous ammonium chloride and extracted with EtOAc (3x). The combined organic layers were dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography (eluent: 0-50% 3:1 EtOAc-EtOH/heptane) to provide 7-chloro-6-fluoro-1-(2-isopropyl-4-methylpyridin-3-yl)pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione.1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ ppm 12.27 (br s, 1H), 8.48-8.55 (m, 2 H), 7.29 (d, J = 4.8 Hz, 1 H), 2.87 (quin, J = 6.6 Hz, 1 H), 1.99-2.06 (m, 3 H), 1.09 (d, J = 6.6 Hz, 3 H), 1.01 (d, J = 6.6 Hz, 3 H).19F NMR (376 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ: -126.90 (s, 1 F). m/z (ESI, +ve ion): 349.1 (M+H)+.
[0131] Step 4: 4,7-Dichloro-6-fluoro-1-(2-isopropyl-4-methylpyridin-3-yl)pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2(1H)-one. To a solution of 7-chloro-6-fluoro-1-(2-isopropyl-4-methylpyridin-3-yl)pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione (4.7 g, 13.5 mmol) and DIPEA (3.5 mL, 20.2 mmol) in acetonitrile (20 mL) was added phosphorus oxychloride (1.63 mL, 17.5 mmol), dropwise via syringe. The resulting mixture was heated at 80 °C for 1 h, and then was cooled to room temperature and concentrated to provide 4,7-dichloro-6-fluoro-1-(2-isopropyl-4-methylpyridin-3-yl)pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2(1H)-one. This material was used without further purification in the following step. m/z (ESI, +ve ion): 367.1 (M+H)+.
[0132] Step 5: (S)-tert-Butyl 4-(7-chloro-6-fluoro-1-(2-isopropyl-4-methylpyridin-3-yl)-2-oxo-1,2-dihydropyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)-3-methylpiperazine-1-carboxylate. To an ice-cooled solution of 4,7-dichloro-6-fluoro-1-(2-isopropyl-4-methylpyridin-3-yl)pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2(1H)-one (13.5 mmol) in acetonitrile (20 mL) was added DIPEA (7.1 mL, 40.3 mmol), followed by (S)-4-N-Boc-2-methyl piperazine (3.23 g, 16.1 mmol, Combi-Blocks, Inc., San Diego, CA, USA). The resulting mixture was warmed to room temperature and stirred for 1 h, then was diluted with cold saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution (200 mL) and EtOAc (300 mL). The mixture was stirred for an additional 5 min, the layers were separated, and the aqueous layer was extracted with more EtOAc (1x). The combined organic layers were dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography (eluent: 0-50% EtOAc/heptane) to provide (S)-tert-butyl 4-(7-chloro-6-fluoro-1-(2-isopropyl-4-methylpyridin-3-yl)-2-oxo-1,2-dihydropyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)-3-methylpiperazine-1-carboxylate. m/z (ESI, +ve ion): 531.2 (M+H)+.
[0133] Step 6: (3S)-tert-Butyl 4-(6-fluoro-7-(2-fluoro-6-hydroxyphenyl)-1-(2-isopropyl-4-methylpyridin-3-yl)-2-oxo-1,2-dihydropyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)-3-methylpiperazine-1-carboxylate. A mixture of (S)-tert-butyl 4-(7-chloro-6-fluoro-1-(2-isopropyl-4-methylpyridin-3-yl)-2-oxo-1,2-dihydropyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)-3-methylpiperazine-1-carboxylate (4.3 g, 8.1 mmol), potassium trifluoro(2-fluoro-6-hydroxyphenyl)borate (Intermediate Q, 2.9 g, 10.5 mmol), potassium acetate (3.2 g, 32.4 mmol) and [1,1′-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene]dichloropalladium(II), complex with dichloromethane (661 mg, 0.81 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (80 mL) was degassed with nitrogen for 1 min. De-oxygenated water (14 mL) was added, and the resulting mixture was heated at 90 °C for 1 h. The reaction was allowed to cool to room temperature, quenched with half-saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate, and extracted with EtOAc (2x) and DCM (1x). The combined organic layers were dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography (eluent: 0-60% 3:1 EtOAc-EtOH/heptane) to provide (3S)-tert-butyl 4-(6-fluoro-7-(2-fluoro-6-hydroxyphenyl)-1-(2-isopropyl-4-methylpyridin-3-yl)-2-oxo-1,2-dihydropyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)-3-methylpiperazine-1-carboxylate.1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ ppm 10.19 (br s, 1 H), 8.38 (d, J = 5.0 Hz, 1 H), 8.26 (dd, J = 12.5, 9.2 Hz, 1 H), 7.23-7.28 (m, 1 H), 7.18 (d, J = 5.0 Hz, 1 H), 6.72 (d, J = 8.0 Hz, 1 H), 6.68 (t, J = 8.9 Hz, 1 H), 4.77-4.98 (m, 1 H), 4.24 (br t, J = 14.2 Hz, 1 H), 3.93-4.08 (m, 1 H), 3.84 (br d, J=12.9 Hz, 1 H), 3.52-3.75 (m, 1 H), 3.07-3.28 (m, 1 H), 2.62-2.74 (m, 1 H), 1.86-1.93 (m, 3 H), 1.43-1.48 (m, 9 H), 1.35 (dd, J = 10.8, 6.8 Hz, 3 H), 1.26-1.32 (m, 1 H), 1.07 (dd, J = 6.6, 1.7 Hz, 3 H), 0.93 (dd, J = 6.6, 2.1 Hz, 3 H).19F NMR (376 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ: -115.65 (s, 1 F), -128.62 (s, 1 F). m/z (ESI, +ve ion): 607.3 (M+H)+.
[0134] Step 7: 6-Fluoro-7-(2-fluoro-6-hydroxyphenyl)-1-(4-methyl-2-(2-propanyl)-3-pyridinyl)-4-((2S)-2-methyl-4-(2-propenoyl)-1-piperazinyl)pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2(1H)-one. Trifluoroacetic acid (25 mL, 324 mmol) was added to a solution of (3S)-tert-butyl 4-(6-fluoro-7-(2-fluoro-6-hydroxyphenyl)-1-(2-isopropyl-4-methylpyridin-3-yl)-2-oxo-1,2-dihydropyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)-3-methylpiperazine-1-carboxylate (6.3 g, 10.4 mmol) in DCM (30 mL). The resulting mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 h and then was concentrated. The residue was dissolved in DCM (30 mL), cooled to 0 °C, and sequentially treated with DIPEA (7.3 mL, 41.7 mmol) and a solution of acryloyl chloride (0.849 mL, 10.4 mmol) in DCM (3 mL; added dropwise via syringe). The reaction was stirred at 0 °C for 10 min, then was quenched with half-saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate and extracted with DCM (2x). The combined organic layers were dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography (eluent: 0-100% 3:1 EtOAc-EtOH/heptane) to provide 6-fluoro-7-(2-fluoro-6-hydroxyphenyl)-1-(4-methyl-2-(2-propanyl)-3-pyridinyl)-4-((2S)-2-methyl-4-(2-propenoyl)-1-piperazinyl)pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2(1H)-one.1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ ppm 10.20 (s, 1 H), 8.39 (d, J = 4.8 Hz, 1 H), 8.24-8.34 (m, 1 H), 7.23-7.32 (m, 1 H), 7.19 (d, J = 5.0 Hz, 1 H), 6.87 (td, J = 16.3, 11.0 Hz, 1 H), 6.74 (d, J = 8.6 Hz, 1 H), 6.69 (t, J = 8.6 Hz, 1 H), 6.21 (br d, J = 16.2 Hz, 1 H), 5.74-5.80 (m, 1 H), 4.91 (br s, 1 H), 4.23-4.45 (m, 2 H), 3.97-4.21 (m, 1 H), 3.44-3.79 (m, 2 H), 3.11-3.31 (m, 1 H), 2.67-2.77 (m, 1 H), 1.91 (s, 3 H), 1.35 (d, J = 6.8 Hz, 3 H), 1.08 (d, J = 6.6 Hz, 3 H), 0.94 (d, J = 6.8 Hz, 3 H).19F NMR (376 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ ppm -115.64 (s, 1 F), -128.63 (s, 1 F). m/z (ESI, +ve ion): 561.2 (M+H)+.
[0135] Another synthesis of Compound 9 and the relevant intermediates was described in a U.S. provisional patent application filed November 16, 2018, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety for all purposes.
Representative Synthetic Processes
[0136] The present disclosure comprises the following steps wherein the synthesis and utilization of the boroxine intermediate is a novel and inventive step in the manufacture of AMG 510 (Compound 9):
Raw Materials
Step la
[0137] To a solution of 2,6-dichloro-5-fluoro-3-pyridinecarboxylic acid (25kg; 119. lmol) in dichloromethane (167kg) and DMF (592g) was added Oxalyl chloride (18.9kg; 148.9mol) while maintaining an internal temp between 15-20 °C. Additional dichloromethane (33kg) was added as a rinse and the reaction mixture stirred for 2h. The reaction mixture is cooled then quenched with ammonium hydroxide (40.2L; 595.5mol) while maintaining internal temperature 0 ± 10°C. The resulting slurry was stirred for 90min then the product collected by filtration. The filtered solids were washed with DI water (3X 87L) and dried to provide 2,6-dichloro-5-fluoronicotinamide (Compound 1).
Step 1b
[0138] In reactor A, a solution of 2,6-dichloro-5-fluoronicotinamide (Compound 1) (16.27kg; 77.8mol) in dichloromethane (359.5kg) was added oxalyl chloride (11.9kg;
93.8mol) while maintaining temp ≤ 25°C for 75min. The resulting solution was then headed to 40°C ± 3°C and aged for 3h. Using vacuum, the solution was distilled to remove dichloromethane until the solution was below the agitator. Dichloromethane (300 kg) was then added and the mixture cooled to 0 ± 5°C. To a clean, dry reactor (reactor B) was added,2-isopropyl-4-methylpyridin-3-amine (ANILINE Compound 2A) (12.9kg; 85.9mol) followed by dichloromethane (102.6 kg). The ANILINE solution was azeodried via vacuum distillation while maintaining an internal temperature between 20-25 °), replacing with additional dichloromethane until the solution was dry by KF analysis (limit ≤ 0.05%). The solution volume was adjusted to approx. 23L volume with dichloromethane. The dried ANILINE solution was then added to reactor A while maintaining an internal temperature of 0 ± 5°C throughout the addition. The mixture was then heated to 23 °C and aged for 1h. the solution was polish filtered into a clean reactor to afford 2,6-dichloro-5-fluoro-N-((2- isopropyl-4-methylpyridin-3-yl)carbamoyl)nicotinamide (Compound 3) as a solution in DCM and used directly in the next step.
Step 2
[0139] A dichloromethane solution of 2,6-dichloro-5-fluoro-N-{[4-methyl-2-(propan-2- yl)pyridin-3-yl]carbamoyl}pyridine-3-carboxamide (UREA (Compound 3)) (15kg contained; 38.9mol) was solvent exchanged into 2-MeTHF using vacuum distillation while maintaining internal temperature of 20-25 °C. The reactor volume was adjusted to 40L and then
additional 2-MeTHF was charged (105.4 kg). Sodium t-butoxide was added (9.4 kg;
97.8mol) while maintaining 5-10 °C. The contents where warmed to 23 °C and stirred for 3h. The contents where then cooled to 0-5C and ammonium chloride added (23.0kg; 430mol) as a solution in 60L of DI water. The mixture was warmed to 20 C and DI water added (15L) and further aged for 30min. Agitation was stopped and the layers separated. The aqueous layer was removed and to the organic layer was added DI water(81.7L). A mixture of conc HCl (1.5kg) and water (9L) was prepared then added to the reactor slowly until pH measured between 4-5. The layers were separated, and the aqueous layer back extracted using 2-MeTHF (42.2kg). The two organic layers combined and washed with a 10% citric acid solution (75kg) followed by a mixture of water (81.7L) and saturated NaCl (19.8 kg). The organic layer was then washed with saturated sodium bicarbonate (75kg) repeating if necessary to achieve a target pH of ≥ 7.0 of the aqueous. The organic layer was washed again with brine (54.7kg) and then dried over magnesium sulfate (5kg). The mixture was filtered to remove magnesium sulfate rinsing the filtered bed with 2-MeTHF (49.2 kg). The combined filtrate and washes where distilled using vacuum to 40L volume. The concentrated solution was heated to 55 °C and heptane (10-12kg) slowly added until cloud point. The solution was cooled to 23 °C over 2h then heptane (27.3 kg) was added over 2h. The product slurry was aged for 3h at 20-25 °C then filtered and washed with a mixture of 2-MeTHF (2.8kg) and heptane (9kg). The product was dried using nitrogen and vacuum to afford solid 7-chloro-6-fluoro-1-(2-isopropyl-4-methylpyridin-3-yl)pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione (rac-DIONE (Compound 4)).
Step 3
[0140] To a vessel, an agitated suspension of Compound 4, (1.0 eq.) in 2- methylterahydrofuran (7.0 L/kg) was added (+)-2,3-dibenzoyl-D-tartaric acid (2.0 eq.) under an atmosphere of nitrogen. 2-MeTHF is chiral, but it is used as a racemic mixture. The different enantiomers of 2-MeTHF are incorporated randomly into the co-crystal. The resulting suspension was warmed to 75°C and aged at 75°C until full dissolution was observed (< 30 mins.). The resulting solution was polish filtered at 75°C into a secondary vessel. To the polish filtered solution was charged n-Heptane (2.0 L/kg) at a rate that maintained the internal temperature above 65°C. The solution was then cooled to 60°C, seeded with crystals (0.01 kg/kg) and allowed to age for 30 minutes. The resulting suspension was cooled to 20°C over 4 hours and then sampled for chiral purity analysis by HPLC. To the suspension, n-Heptane (3.0 L/kg) was charged and then aged for 4 hours at 20°C under an atmosphere of nitrogen. The suspension was filtered, and the isolated solids were washed two times with (2:1) n-Heptane:2-methyltetrahydrofuran (3.0 L/kg). The material was dried with nitrogen and vacuum to afford M-Dione:DBTA: Me-THF complex (Compound 4a).
Step 4
[0141] To vessel A, a suspension of disodium hydrogen phosphate (21.1 kg, 2.0 equiv) in DI water (296.8 L, 6.3 L/kg) was agitated until dissolution was observed (≥ 30 min.). To vessel B, a suspension of the M-Dione:DBTA: Me-THF complex (Composition 4a)[46.9 kg (25.9 kg corrected for M-dione, 1.0 equiv.)] in methyl tert-butyl ether (517.8 L, 11.0 L/kg) was agitated for 15 to 30 minutes. The resulting solution from vessel A was added to vessel B, and then the mixture was agitated for more than 3 hours. The agitation was stopped, and the biphasic mixture was left to separate for more than 30 minutes. The lower aqueous phase was removed and then back extracted with methyl tert-butyl ether (77.7 L, 1.7 L/kg). The organic phases were combined in vessel B and dried with magnesium sulfate (24.8 kg, 0.529 kg/kg). The resulting suspension from vessel B was agitated for more than three hours and then filtered into vessel C. To vessel B, a methyl tert-butyl ether (46.9 L, 1.0 L/kg) rinse was charged and then filtered into vessel C. The contents of vessel C were cooled to 10 °C and then distilled under vacuum while slowly being warmed to 35°C. Distillation was continued until 320-350 kg (6.8-7.5 kg/kg) of methyl tert-butyl ether was collected. After cooling the contents of vessel C to 20°C, n-Heptane (278.7 L, 5.9 L/kg) was charged over one hour and then distilled under vacuum while slowly being warmed to 35°C. Distillation was continued until a 190-200 kg (4.1-4.3 kg/kg) mixture of methyl tert-butyl ether and n-Heptane was collected. After cooling the contents of vessel C to 20°C, n-Heptane (278.7 L, 5.9 L/kg) was charged a second time over one hour and then distilled under vacuum while slowly being warmed to 35°C. Distillation was continued until a 190-200 kg (4.1-4.3 kg/kg) mixture of methyl tert-butyl ether and n-Heptane was collected. After cooling the contents of vessel C to 20°C, n-Heptane (195.9 L, 4.2 L/kg) was charged a third time over one hour and then sampled for solvent composition by GC analysis. The vessel C suspension continued to agitate for more than one hour. The suspension was filtered, and then washed with a n-Heptane (68.6 L, 1.5 L/kg) rinse from vessel C. The isolated solids were dried at 50°C, and a sample was submitted for stock suitability. Afforded 7-chloro-6-fluoro-(1M)-1-[4-methyl-2-(propan-2-yl)pyridin-3-yl]pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione (M-DIONE) Compound 5M.
[0142] The first-generation process highlighted above has been successfully scaled on 200+ kg of rac-dione starting material (Compound 4). In this process, seeding the crystallization with the thermodynamically-stable rac-dione crystal form (which exhibits low solubility) would cause a batch failure. Based on our subsequent studies, we found that increasing the DBTA equivalents and lowering the seed temperature by adjusting heptane
charge schedule improves robustness of the process. The improved process is resistant to the presence of the thermodynamically-stable rac-dione crystal form and promotes successful separation of atropisomers. Subsequent batches will incorporate the improved process for large scale manufacture.
Step 5
Note: All L/kg amounts are relative to M-Dione input; All equiv. amounts are relative to M-Dione input after adjusted by potency.
[0143] M-Dione (Compound 5M, 1.0 equiv.) and Toluene-1 (10.0 L/kg) was charged to Vessel A. The resulting solution was dried by azeotropic distillation under vacuum at 45 °C until 5.0 L/kg of solvents has been removed. The contents of Vessel A were then cooled to 20 °C.
[0144] Vessel C was charged with Toluene-3 (4.5 L/kg), Phosphoryl chloride (1.5 equiv.) and N,N-Diisopropylethylamine-1 (2.0 equiv.) while maintaining the internal temperature below 20 ± 5 °C.
Upon finishing charging, Vessel C was warmed to 30 ± 5 °C. The contents of Vessel A were then transferred to Vessel C over 4 hours while maintaining the internal temperature at 30 ± 5°C. Vessel A was rinsed with Toluene-2 (0.5 L/kg) and transferred to Vessel C. The contents of Vessel C were agitated at 30°C for an additional 3 hours. The contents of Vessel C were cooled to 20 ± 5 °C. A solution of (s)-1-boc-3-methylpiperazine (1.2 equiv.), N,N-Diisopropylethylamine-2 (1.2 equiv.) in isopropyl acetate-1 (1.0 L/kg) was prepared in Vessel D. The solution of Vessel D was charged to vessel C while maintaining a batch temperature of 20 ± 5 °C (Note: Exotherm is observed). Upon the end of transfer, Vessel D was rinsed with additional dichloromethane (1.0 L/kg) and transferred to Vessel C. The contents of Vessel C were agitated for an additional 60 minutes at 20 °C. A solution of sodium bicarbonate [water-1 (15.0 L/kg + Sodium bicarbonate (4.5 equiv.)] was then charged into Vessel C over an hour while maintaining an internal temperature at 20 ± 5 °C throughout the addition. The contents of Vessel C were agitated for at least 12 hours at which point the Pipazoline (Compound 6) product was isolated by filtration in an agitated filter dryer. The cake was washed with water-2 and -3 (5.0 L/kg x 2 times, agitating each wash for 15 minutes) and isopropyl acetate-2 and 3 (5.0 L/kg x 2 times, agitating each wash for 15 min). The cake as dried under nitrogen for 12 hours.
Acetone Re-slurry (Optional):
[0145] Pipazoline (Compound 6) and acetone (10.0 L/kg) were charged to Vessel E. The suspension was heated to 50 °C for 2 hours. Water-4 (10.0 L/kg) was charged into Vessel E over 1 hour. Upon completion of water addition, the mixture was cooled to 20 °C over 1 hour. The contents of Vessel E were filtered to isolate the product, washing the cake with 1:1 acetone/water mixture (5.0 L/kg). The cake was dried under nitrogen for 12 hours.
Step 6
General Note: All equivalents and volumes are reported in reference to Pipazoline input
Note: All L/kg and kg/kg amounts are relative to Pipazoline input
[0146] Reactor A is charged with Pipazoline (Compound 6, 1.0 equiv), degassed 2- MeTHF (9.0 L/kg) and a solution of potassium acetate (2.0 equiv) in degassed water (6.5 L/kg). The resulting mixture is warmed to 75 ± 5 °C and then, charge a slurry of
Pd(dpePhos)Cl2 (0.003 equiv) in 2-MeTHF (0.5 L/kg). Within 2 h of catalyst charge, a solution of freshly prepared Boroxine (Compound 6A, 0.5 equiv) in wet degassed 2-MeTHF (4.0 L/kg, KF > 4.0%) is charged over the course of >1 hour, but < 2 hours, rinsing with an additional portion of wet 2-MeTHF (0.5 L/kg) after addition is complete. After reaction completion ( <0.15 area % Pipazoline remaining, typically <1 h after boroxine addition is complete), 0.2 wt% (0.002 kg/kg) of Biaryl seed is added as a slurry in 0.02 L/kg wet 2- MeTHF, and the resulting seed bed is aged for > 60 min. Heptane (5.0 L/kg) is added over 2 hours at 75 ± 5 °C. The batch is then cooled to 20 ± 5 °C over 2 hours and aged for an additional 2 h. The slurry is then filtered and cake washed with 1 x 5.0L/kg water, 1 x 5.0L/kg 1:1 iPrOH:water followed by 1 x 5.0 L/kg 1:1 iPrOH:heptane (resuspension wash: the cake is resuspended by agitator and allow to set before filtering) . The cake (Biaryl, Compound 7) is then dried under vacuum with a nitrogen sweep.
Note: If the reaction stalls, an additional charge of catalyst and boroxine is required
Step 7 Charcoal Filtration for Pd removal
General Note: All equivalents and volumes are reported in reference to crude Biaryl input
Note: All L/kg and kg/kg amounts are relative to crude Biaryl input
[0147] In a clean Vessel A, charge crude Biaryl (1 equiv) and charge DCM (10 L/kg). Agitate content for > 60 minutes at 22 ± 5 °C, observing dissolution. Pass crude Biaryl from Vessel A, through a bag filter and carbon filters at a flux ≤ 3 L2/min/m and collect filtrate in clean Vessel B. Charge DCM rinse (1 L/kg) to Vessel A, and through carbon filters to collect in vessel B.
[0148] From filtrate in Vessel B, pull a solution sample for IPC Pd content. Sample is concentrated to solid and analyzed by ICP-MS. IPC: Pd ≤ 25 ppm with respect to Biaryl. a. If Pd content is greater than 25 ppm with respect to Biaryl on first or second IPC sample, pass solution through carbon filter a second time at ≤ 3 L2/min/m2, rinsing with 1 L/kg DCM; sample filtrate for IPC.
b. If Pd content remains greater than 25 ppm after third IPC, install and condition fresh carbon discs. Pass Biaryl filtrate through refreshed carbon filter, washing with 1 L/kg DCM. Sample for IPC.
[0149] Distill and refill to appropriate concentration. Prepare for distillation of recovered filtrate by concentrating to ≤ 4 L/kg DCM, and recharge to reach 5.25 ± 0.25 L/kg DCM prior to moving into Step 7 Boc-deprotection reaction.
Step 7
General Note: All equivalents and volumes are reported in reference to crude Biaryl input
Note: All L/kg and kg/kg amounts are relative to Biaryl input
[0150] To Reactor A was added: tert-butyl (3S)-4-{6-fluoro-7-(2-fluoro-6-hydroxyphenyl)-(1M)-1-[4-methyl-2-(propan-2-yl)pyridin-3-yl]-2-oxo-1,2-dihydropyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl}-3-methylpiperazine-1-carboxylate (Biaryl) (1.0 equiv), dichloromethane (5.0 L/kg), and the TFA (15.0 equiv, 1.9 L/kg) is charged slowly to maintain the internal temperature at 20 ± 5 °C. The reaction was stirred for 4 h at 20 ± 5 °C.
[0151] To Reactor B was added: potassium carbonate (18.0 equiv), water (20.0 L/kg), and NMP (1.0) to form a homogenous solution. While agitating at the maximum acceptable rate for the equipment, the reaction mixture in A was transferred into the potassium carbonate solution in B over 30 minutes (~ 0.24 L/kg/min rate). The mixture was stirred at 20 ± 5 °C for an additional 12 h.
[0152] The resulting slurry was filtered and rinsed with water (2 x 10 L/kg). The wet cake was dried for 24 h to give 6-fluoro-7-(2-fluoro-6-hydroxyphenyl)-4-[(2S)-2-methylpiperazin- 1-yl]-(1M)-1-[4-methyl-2-(propan-2-yl)pyridin-3-yl]pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2(1H)-one (Des- Boc, Compound 8).
Step 8
Note: All L/kg and kg/kg amounts are relative to Des-Boc input
[0153] Des-Boc (Compound 8, 1.0 equiv) and NMP (4.2 L/kg) are charged to Vessel A under nitrogen, charge the TFA (1.0 equiv.) slowly to maintain the Tr <25 °C. The mixture is aged at 25 °C until full dissolution is observed (about 0.5 hour). The solution is then polish filtered through a 0.45 micron filter into Vessel B, washing with a NMP (0.8 L/kg). The filtrate and wash are combined, and then cooled to 0 °C. To the resulting solution, Acryloyl Chloride (1.3 equiv.) is added while maintaining temperature < 10 C. The reaction mixture is then aged at 5 ±5°C until completed by IPC (ca.1.5 hrs).
Preparation of Aqueous Disodium Phosphate Quench:
[0154] Disodium Phosphate (3.0 equiv) and Water (15.0 L/kg) are charged to Vessel C. The mixture is aged at 25 °C until full dissolution is observed. The solution is warmed to 45 ±5°C. A seed slurry of AMG 510 (0.005 equiv.) in Water (0.4 L/kg) is prepared and added to Vessel C while maintaining temperature at 45 ±5°C.
[0155] The reaction mixture in Vessel B is transferred to Vessel C (quench solution) while maintaining temperature at 45 ±5°C (ca.1 hrs). Vessel B is washed with a portion of NMP (0.5 L/kg). The product slurry is aged for 2 hrs at 45 ±5°C, cooled to 20 °C over 3 hrs, aged at 20 °C for a minimum of 12 hrs, filtered and washed with Water (2 x 10.0 L/kg). The product is dried using nitrogen and vacuum to afford Crude AMG 510 (Compound 9A).
Step 9
General Note: All equivalents and volumes are reported in reference to crude AMG 510 input
Note: All L/kg and kg/kg amounts are relative to Crude AMG 510 input
[0156] Reactor A was charged with 6-fluoro-7-(2-fluoro-6-hydroxyphenyl)-(1M)-1-[4- methyl-2-(propan-2-yl)pyridin-3-yl]-4-[(2S)-2-methyl-4-(prop-2-enoyl)piperazin-1- yl]pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2(1H)-one (Crude AMG 510) (1.0 equiv), ethanol (7.5 L/kg), and water (1.9 L/kg). The mixture heated to 75 °C and polish filtered into a clean Reactor B. The solution was cool to 45 °C and seeded with authentic milled AMG 510 seed (0.015 േ 0.005
1 Seed performs best when reduced in particle size via milling or with other type of mechanical grinding if mill is not available (mortar/ pestle). Actual seed utilized will be based on seed availability. 1.0- 2.0% is seed is target amount.
kg/kg); the resulting slurry was aged for 30 min. Water (15.0 L/kg) was added over 5h while maintaining an internal temperature > 40 °C; the mixture was aged for an additional 2h.
[0157] The mixture was cooled to 20 °C over 3 hours and aged for 8h, after which the solid was collected by filtration and washed using a mixture of ethanol (2.5 L/kg) and water (5.0 L/kg). The solid was dried using vacuum and nitrogen to obtain 6-fluoro-7-(2-fluoro-6-hydroxyphenyl)-(1M)-1-[4-methyl-2-(propan-2-yl)pyridin-3-yl]-4-[(2S)-2-methyl-4-(prop-2-enoyl)piperazin-1-yl]pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2(1H)-one (AMG 510, Compound 9).
Compound 6A Boroxine Synthesis:
Lithiation/borylation
[0158] Reactor A was charged with THF (6 vol), a secondary amine base, Diisopropylamine (1.4 equiv), and a catalyst, such as triethylamine hydrochloride (0.01 equiv.). The resulting solution was cooled to -70 °C and a first base, n-BuLi (2.5 M in hexane, 1.5 equiv) was slowly added. After addition is complete, a solution of 3-fluoroanisole (1.0 equiv) in THF (6 vol) was added slowly and kept at -70 °C for 5 min. Concurrently or subsequently, a reagent, B(EtO)3 (2.0 equiv), was added slowly and kept at -70 °C for 10 min. The reaction mixture was quenched with an acid, 2N HCl. The quenched reaction mixture was extracted with MTBE (3 x 4 vol). The combined organic phases were concentrated to 1.5-3 total volumes. Heptane (7-9 vol) was added drop-wise and the mixture was cooled to 0-10 °C and stirred for 3 h. The mixture was filtrated and rinsed with heptane (1.5 vol). The solid was dried under nitrogen at < 30 °C to afford (2-fluoro-6-methoxyphenyl)boronic acid.
Demethylation:
Note: All L/kg and kg/kg amounts are relative to (2-fluoro-6-methoxyphenyl)boronic acid input
[0159] To a reactor, charge dichloromethane (solvent, 4.0 L/kg) and an acid, BBr3 (1.2 equiv), and cool to -20 °C. To this solution, a suspension of (2-fluoro-6-methoxyphenyl)boronic acid (1.0 equiv) in dichloromethane (4.0 L/kg) was added into the BBr3/DCM mixture while keeping temperature -15 to -25 °C. The reaction was allowed to proceed for approximately 2 hours while monitored by HPLC [≤1% (2-fluoro-6-methoxyphenyl)boronic acid] before reverse quenching into water (3.0 L/kg). The precipitated solid was then isolated by filtration and slurried with water (3.0 L/kg) on the filter prior to deliquoring. The filtrates were adjusted to pH 4-6 by the addition of sodium bicarbonate. The bottom organic phase was separated and the resulting aqueous layer was washed with dichloromethane (solvent, 5.0 Vol) and adjusted to pH = 1 by addition of concentrated hydrochloric acid. The resulting solids were isolated by filtration, washing the cake with water (2 x 5.0 L/kg)
Purification via Reslurry (required)
[0160] The combined crude solids were charged into a reactor and slurried with 5% EtOH/water (5.0 L/kg) at 20 °C for >1 h. The purified product was then isolated by filtration and rinsed with water (2 x 3 L/kg) before drying on the filter at < 30 °C to with nitrogen/vacuum to afford 2,2′,2”-(1,3,5,2,4,6-trioxatriborinane-2,4,6-triyl)tris(3-fluorophenol) (Boroxine, Compound 6A).
PATENT
WO 2020102730
https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=WO2020102730
PATENT
US 20180334454
References
- ^ Jump up to:a b c d e “Lumakras- sotorasib tablet, coated”. DailyMed. Retrieved 6 June 2021.
- ^ Jump up to:a b c d e f g h i j k l m n “FDA Approves First Targeted Therapy for Lung Cancer Mutation Previously Considered Resistant to Drug Therapy”. U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). 28 May 2021. Retrieved 28 May 2021.
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- ^ “KRAS mutant-targeting AMG 510”. NCI Drug Dictionary. National Cancer Institute. 2 February 2011. Retrieved 16 November2019.
- ^ Canon J, Rex K, Saiki AY, Mohr C, Cooke K, Bagal D, et al. (November 2019). “The clinical KRAS(G12C) inhibitor AMG 510 drives anti-tumour immunity”. Nature. 575 (7781): 217–23. Bibcode:2019Natur.575..217C. doi:10.1038/s41586-019-1694-1. PMID 31666701.
- ^ Jump up to:a b “FDA approves Amgen drug for lung cancer with specific mutation”. CNBC. 28 May 2021. Retrieved 28 May 2021.
- ^ Hong DS, Fakih MG, Strickler JH, Desai J, Durm GA, Shapiro GI, et al. (2020). “KRASG12C inhibition with sotorasib in advanced solid tumors”. N Engl J Med. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1917239. PMC 7571518.
- ^ Clinical trial number NCT03600883 for “A Phase 1/2, Study Evaluating the Safety, Tolerability, PK, and Efficacy of AMG 510 in Subjects With Solid Tumors With a Specific KRAS Mutation ” at ClinicalTrials.gov
- ^ “The Discovery Of Amgen’s Novel Investigational KRAS(G12C) Inhibitor AMG 510 Published In Nature” (Press release). Amgen. 30 October 2019. Retrieved 16 November 2019.
- ^ Irving M (24 December 2019). “Drug targeting common cancer cause enters phase 2 clinical trials”. New Atlas. Retrieved 24 December 2019.
- ^ Jump up to:a b c d Halford B (3 April 2019). “Amgen unveils its KRas inhibitor in human clinical trials: AMG 510 shuts down a mutant version of the cancer target via covalent interaction”. Chemical & Engineering News. 97 (4). Retrieved 16 November 2019.
- ^ Al Idrus A (9 September 2019). “Amgen’s KRAS drug continues to deliver but faces ‘curse’ of high expectations”. fiercebiotech.com. Retrieved 16 November 2019.
- ^ Kaiser J (30 October 2019). “Two new drugs finally hit ‘undruggable’ cancer target, providing hope for treatments”. Science Magazine. AAAS. Retrieved 16 November 2019.
- ^ Astor L (9 September 2019). “FDA Grants AMG 510 Fast Track Designation for KRAS G12C+ NSCLC”. targetedonc.com. Retrieved 16 November 2019.
- ^ World Health Organization (2021). “International nonproprietary names for pharmaceutical substances (INN): recommended INN: list 85” (PDF). WHO Drug Information. 35 (1).
Further reading
- Hong DS, Fakih MG, Strickler JH, Desai J, Durm GA, Shapiro GI, et al. (September 2020). “KRASG12C Inhibition with Sotorasib in Advanced Solid Tumors”. N Engl J Med. 383 (13): 1207–17. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1917239. PMC 7571518. PMID 32955176.
- Lanman BA, Allen JR, Allen JG, Amegadzie AK, Ashton KS, Booker SK, et al. (January 2020). “Discovery of a Covalent Inhibitor of KRASG12C (AMG 510) for the Treatment of Solid Tumors”. J Med Chem. 63 (1): 52–65. doi:10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b01180. PMID 31820981.
External links
- “Sotorasib”. Drug Information Portal. U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- Clinical trial number NCT03600883 for “A Phase 1/2, Study Evaluating the Safety, Tolerability, PK, and Efficacy of AMG 510 in Subjects With Solid Tumors With a Specific KRAS Mutation (CodeBreaK 100)” at ClinicalTrials.gov
Clinical data | |
---|---|
Trade names | Lumakras |
Other names | AMG 510 |
License data | US DailyMed: Sotorasib |
Routes of administration | By mouth |
ATC code | None |
Legal status | |
Legal status | US: ℞-only [1][2] |
Identifiers | |
showIUPAC name | |
CAS Number | 2252403-56-6 |
PubChem CID | 137278711 |
DrugBank | DB15569 |
ChemSpider | 72380148 |
UNII | 2B2VM6UC8G |
KEGG | D12055 |
Chemical and physical data | |
Formula | C30H30F2N6O3 |
Molar mass | 560.606 g·mol−1 |
3D model (JSmol) | Interactive image |
showSMILES | |
showInChI |
////////Sotorasib, ソトラシブ , FDA 2021, APPROVALS 2021, Lumakras, CANCER, ANTINEOPLASTIC, AMG 510, AMG-510, AMG510, AMGEN, priority review, fast-track, breakthrough therapy, orphan drug
CC1CN(CCN1C2=NC(=O)N(C3=NC(=C(C=C32)F)C4=C(C=CC=C4F)O)C5=C(C=CN=C5C(C)C)C)C(=O)C=C

Sotorasib
6-fluoro-7-(2-fluoro-6-hydroxyphenyl)-1-(4-methyl-2-propan-2-ylpyridin-3-yl)-4-[(2S)-2-methyl-4-prop-2-enoylpiperazin-1-yl]pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2-one
AMG 510
AMG-510
AMG510
Formula | C30H30F2N6O3 |
---|---|
CAS | 2296729-00-3 |
Mol weight | 560.5944 |
FDA APPROVED, 2021/5/28 Lumakras
Antineoplastic, Non-small cell lung cancer (KRAS G12C-mutated)
ソトラシブ (JAN);
Sotorasib

(1M)-6-Fluoro-7-(2-fluoro-6-hydroxyphenyl)-1-[4-methyl-2-(propan-2-yl)pyridin-3-yl]-4-[(2S)-2-methyl-4-(prop-2-enoyl)piperazin-1-yl]pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2(1H)-one
C30H30F2N6O3 : 560.59
[2296729-00-3]
Sotorasib is an inhibitor of the RAS GTPase family. The molecular formula is C30H30F2N6O3, and the molecular weight is 560.6 g/mol. The chemical name of sotorasib is 6-fluoro-7-(2-fluoro-6-hydroxyphenyl)-(1M)-1-[4-methyl-2-(propan-2-yl)pyridin-3-yl]-4-[(2S)-2-methyl-4-(prop-2enoyl) piperazin-1-yl]pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2(1H)-one. The chemical structure of sotorasib is shown below:
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Sotorasib has pKa values of 8.06 and 4.56. The solubility of sotorasib in the aqueous media decreases over the range pH 1.2 to 6.8 from 1.3 mg/mL to 0.03 mg/mL.
LUMAKRAS is supplied as film-coated tablets for oral use containing 120 mg of sotorasib. Inactive ingredients in the tablet core are microcrystalline cellulose, lactose monohydrate, croscarmellose sodium, and magnesium stearate. The film coating material consists of polyvinyl alcohol, titanium dioxide, polyethylene glycol, talc, and iron oxide yellow.
FDA grants accelerated approval to sotorasib for KRAS G12C mutated NSCLC
On May 28, 2021, the Food and Drug Administration granted accelerated approval to sotorasib (Lumakras™, Amgen, Inc.), a RAS GTPase family inhibitor, for adult patients with KRAS G12C ‑mutated locally advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), as determined by an FDA ‑approved test, who have received at least one prior systemic therapy.
FDA also approved the QIAGEN therascreen® KRAS RGQ PCR kit (tissue) and the Guardant360® CDx (plasma) as companion diagnostics for Lumakras. If no mutation is detected in a plasma specimen, the tumor tissue should be tested.
Approval was based on CodeBreaK 100, a multicenter, single-arm, open label clinical trial (NCT03600883) which included patients with locally advanced or metastatic NSCLC with KRAS G12C mutations. Efficacy was evaluated in 124 patients whose disease had progressed on or after at least one prior systemic therapy. Patients received sotorasib 960 mg orally daily until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
The main efficacy outcome measures were objective response rate (ORR) according to RECIST 1.1, as evaluated by blinded independent central review and response duration. The ORR was 36% (95% CI: 28%, 45%) with a median response duration of 10 months (range 1.3+, 11.1).
The most common adverse reactions (≥ 20%) were diarrhea, musculoskeletal pain, nausea, fatigue, hepatotoxicity, and cough. The most common laboratory abnormalities (≥ 25%) were decreased lymphocytes, decreased hemoglobin, increased aspartate aminotransferase, increased alanine aminotransferase, decreased calcium, increased alkaline phosphatase, increased urine protein, and decreased sodium.
The recommended sotorasib dose is 960 mg orally once daily with or without food.
The approved 960 mg dose is based on available clinical data, as well as pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic modeling that support the approved dose. As part of the evaluation for this accelerated approval, FDA is requiring a postmarketing trial to investigate whether a lower dose will have a similar clinical effect.
View full prescribing information for Lumakras.
This indication is approved under accelerated approval based on overall response rate and duration of response. Continued approval for this indication may be contingent upon verification and description of clinical benefit in a confirmatory trial(s).
This review was conducted under Project Orbis, an initiative of the FDA Oncology Center of Excellence. Project Orbis provides a framework for concurrent submission and review of oncology drugs among international partners. For this review, FDA collaborated with the Australian Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA), the Brazilian Health Regulatory Agency (ANVISA), Health Canada, and the United Kingdom Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA). The application reviews are ongoing at the other regulatory agencies.
This review used the Real-Time Oncology Review (RTOR) pilot program, which streamlined data submission prior to the filing of the entire clinical application, the Assessment Aid, and the Product Quality Assessment Aid (PQAA), voluntary submissions from the applicant to facilitate the FDA’s assessment. The FDA approved this application approximately 10 weeks ahead of the FDA goal date.
This application was granted priority review, fast-track, breakthrough therapy and orphan drug designation. A description of FDA expedited programs is in the Guidance for Industry: Expedited Programs for Serious Conditions-Drugs and Biologics.
Sotorasib, sold under the brand name Lumakras is an anti-cancer medication used to treat non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC).[1][2] It targets a specific mutation, G12C, in the protein KRAS which is responsible for various forms of cancer.[3][4]
The most common side effects include diarrhea, musculoskeletal pain, nausea, fatigue, liver damage and cough.[1][2]
Sotorasib is an inhibitor of the RAS GTPase family.[1]
Sotorasib is the first approved targeted therapy for tumors with any KRAS mutation, which accounts for approximately 25% of mutations in non-small cell lung cancers.[2] KRAS G12C mutations represent about 13% of mutations in non-small cell lung cancers.[2] Sotorasib was approved for medical use in the United States in May 2021.[2][5]
Sotorasib is an experimental KRAS inhibitor being investigated for the treatment of KRAS G12C mutant non small cell lung cancer, colorectal cancer, and appendix cancer.
Sotorasib, also known as AMG-510, is an acrylamide derived KRAS inhibitor developed by Amgen.1,3 It is indicated in the treatment of adult patients with KRAS G12C mutant non small cell lung cancer.6 This mutation makes up >50% of all KRAS mutations.2 Mutant KRAS discovered in 1982 but was not considered a druggable target until the mid-2010s.5 It is the first experimental KRAS inhibitor.1
The drug MRTX849 is also currently being developed and has the same target.1
Sotorasib was granted FDA approval on 28 May 2021.6
Medical uses
Sotorasib is indicated for the treatment of adults with KRAS G12C-mutated locally advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), as determined by an FDA-approved test, who have received at least one prior systemic therapy.[1][2]
Clinical development
Sotorasib is being developed by Amgen. Phase I clinical trials were completed in 2020.[6][7][8] In December 2019, it was approved to begin Phase II clinical trials.[9]
Because the G12C KRAS mutation is relatively common in some cancer types, 14% of non-small-cell lung cancer adenocarcinoma patients and 5% of colorectal cancer patients,[10] and sotorasib is the first drug candidate to target this mutation, there have been high expectations for the drug.[10][11][12] The Food and Drug Administration has granted a fast track designation to sotorasib for the treatment of metastatic non-small-cell lung carcinoma with the G12C KRAS mutation.[13]
Chemistry and pharmacology
Sotorasib can exist in either of two atropisomeric forms and one is more active than the other.[10] It selectively forms an irreversible covalent bond to the sulfur atom in the cysteine residue that is present in the mutated form of KRAS, but not in the normal form.[10]
History
Researchers evaluated the efficacy of sotorasib in a study of 124 participants with locally advanced or metastatic KRAS G12C-mutated non-small cell lung cancer with disease progression after receiving an immune checkpoint inhibitor and/or platinum-based chemotherapy.[2] The major outcomes measured were objective response rate (proportion of participants whose tumor is destroyed or reduced) and duration of response.[2] The objective response rate was 36% and 58% of those participants had a duration of response of six months or longer.[2]
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) granted the application for sotorasib orphan drug, fast track, priority review, and breakthrough therapy designations.[2] The FDA collaborated with the Australian Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA), the Brazilian Health Regulatory Agency (ANVISA), Health Canada and the United Kingdom Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA).[2] The application reviews are ongoing at the other regulatory agencies.[2]
The FDA granted approval of Lumakras to Amgen Inc.[2]
Society and culture
Economics
Sotorasib costs US$17,900 per month.[5]
Names
Sotorasib is the recommended international nonproprietary name (INN).[14]
PAPER
Nature (London, United Kingdom) (2019), 575(7781), 217-223
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-019-1694-1
KRAS is the most frequently mutated oncogene in cancer and encodes a key signalling protein in tumours1,2. The KRAS(G12C) mutant has a cysteine residue that has been exploited to design covalent inhibitors that have promising preclinical activity3,4,5. Here we optimized a series of inhibitors, using novel binding interactions to markedly enhance their potency and selectivity. Our efforts have led to the discovery of AMG 510, which is, to our knowledge, the first KRAS(G12C) inhibitor in clinical development. In preclinical analyses, treatment with AMG 510 led to the regression of KRASG12C tumours and improved the anti-tumour efficacy of chemotherapy and targeted agents. In immune-competent mice, treatment with AMG 510 resulted in a pro-inflammatory tumour microenvironment and produced durable cures alone as well as in combination with immune-checkpoint inhibitors. Cured mice rejected the growth of isogenic KRASG12D tumours, which suggests adaptive immunity against shared antigens. Furthermore, in clinical trials, AMG 510 demonstrated anti-tumour activity in the first dosing cohorts and represents a potentially transformative therapy for patients for whom effective treatments are lacking.
Paper
Scientific Reports (2020), 10(1), 11992
PAPER
European journal of medicinal chemistry (2021), 213, 113082.
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0223523420310540

KRAS is the most commonly altered oncogene of the RAS family, especially the G12C mutant (KRASG12C), which has been a promising drug target for many cancers. On the basis of the bicyclic pyridopyrimidinone framework of the first-in-class clinical KRASG12C inhibitor AMG510, a scaffold hopping strategy was conducted including a F–OH cyclization approach and a pyridinyl N-atom working approach leading to new tetracyclic and bicyclic analogues. Compound 26a was identified possessing binding potency of 1.87 μM against KRASG12C and cell growth inhibition of 0.79 μM in MIA PaCa-2 pancreatic cancer cells. Treatment of 26a with NCI–H358 cells resulted in down-regulation of KRAS-GTP levels and reduction of phosphorylation of downstream ERK and AKT dose-dependently. Molecular docking suggested that the fluorophenol moiety of 26a occupies a hydrophobic pocket region thus forming hydrogen bonding to Arg68. These results will be useful to guide further structural modification.
PAPER
Journal of Medicinal Chemistry (2020), 63(1), 52-65.
https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b01180

KRASG12C has emerged as a promising target in the treatment of solid tumors. Covalent inhibitors targeting the mutant cysteine-12 residue have been shown to disrupt signaling by this long-“undruggable” target; however clinically viable inhibitors have yet to be identified. Here, we report efforts to exploit a cryptic pocket (H95/Y96/Q99) we identified in KRASG12C to identify inhibitors suitable for clinical development. Structure-based design efforts leading to the identification of a novel quinazolinone scaffold are described, along with optimization efforts that overcame a configurational stability issue arising from restricted rotation about an axially chiral biaryl bond. Biopharmaceutical optimization of the resulting leads culminated in the identification of AMG 510, a highly potent, selective, and well-tolerated KRASG12C inhibitor currently in phase I clinical trials (NCT03600883).
AMG 510 [(R)-38]. (1R)-6-Fluoro-7-(2-fluoro-6-hydroxyphenyl)-1-[4-methyl-2-(1-methylethyl)-3-pyridinyl]-4-[(2S)-2-methyl-4-(1-oxo-2-propen-1-yl)-1-piperazinyl]-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2(1H)-one
………… concentrated in vacuo. Chromatographic purification of the residue (silica gel; 0–100% 3:1 EtOAc–EtOH/heptane) followed by chiral supercritical fluid chromatography (Chiralpak IC, 30 mm × 250 mm, 5 μm, 55% MeOH/CO2, 120 mL/min, 102 bar) provided (1R)-6-fluoro-7-(2-fluoro-6-hydroxyphenyl)-1-[4-methyl-2-(1-methylethyl)-3-pyridinyl]-4-[(2S)-2-methyl-4-(1-oxo-2-propen-1-yl)-1-piperazinyl]pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2(1H)-one (AMG 510; (R)-38; 2.25 g, 43% yield) as the first-eluting peak. 1H NMR (600 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ ppm 10.20 (s, 1H), 8.39 (d, J = 4.9 Hz, 1H), 8.30 (d, J = 8.9 Hz, 0.5H), 8.27 (d, J = 8.7 Hz, 0.5H), 7.27 (q, J = 8.4 Hz, 1H), 7.18 (d, J = 4.9 Hz, 1H), 6.87 (dd, J = 16.2, 10.8 Hz, 0.5H), 6.84 (dd, J = 16.2, 10.7 Hz, 0.5H), 6.74 (d, J = 8.4 Hz, 1H), 6.68 (t, J = 8.4 Hz, 1H), 6.21 (d, J = 16.2 Hz, 0.5H), 6.20 (d, J = 16.2 Hz, 0.5H), 5.76 (d, J = 10.8 Hz, 0.5H), 5.76 (d, J = 10.7 Hz, 0.5H), 4.91 (m, 1H), 4.41 (d, J = 12.2 Hz, 0.5H), 4.33 (d, J = 12.2 Hz, 1H), 4.28 (d, J = 12.2 Hz, 0.5H), 4.14 (d, J = 12.2 Hz, 0.5H), 4.02 (d, J = 13.6 Hz, 0.5H), 3.69 (m, 1H), 3.65 (d, J = 13.6 Hz, 0.5H), 3.52 (t, J = 12.2 Hz, 0.5H), 3.27 (d, J = 12.2 Hz, 0.5H), 3.15 (t, J = 12.2 Hz, 0.5H), 2.72 (m, 1H), 1.90 (s, 3H), 1.35 (d, J = 6.7 Hz, 3H), 1.08 (d, J = 6.7 Hz, 3H), 0.94 (d, J = 6.7 Hz, 3H).
19F NMR (376 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ −115.6 (d, J = 5.2 Hz, 1 F), −128.6 (br s, 1 F).
13C NMR (151 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ ppm 165.0 (1C), 163.4 (1C), 162.5 (1C), 160.1 (1C), 156.8 (1C), 153.7 (1C), 151.9 (1C), 149.5 (1C), 148.3 (1C), 145.2 (1C), 144.3 (1C), 131.6 (1C), 130.8 (1C), 127.9 (0.5C), 127.9 (0.5C), 127.8 (0.5C), 127.7 (0.5C), 123.2 (1C), 122.8 (1C), 111.7 (1C), 109.7 (1C), 105.7 (1C), 105.3 (1C), 51.4 (0.5C), 51.0 (0.5C), 48.9 (0.5C), 45.4 (0.5C), 44.6 (0.5C), 43.7 (0.5C), 43.5 (0.5C), 41.6 (0.5C), 29.8 (1C), 21.9 (1C), 21.7 (1C), 17.0 (1C), 15.5 (0.5C), 14.8 (0.5C).
FTMS (ESI) m/z: [M + H]+ calcd for C30H30F2N6O3 561.24202. Found 561.24150.

d (1R)-6-Fluoro7-(2-fluoro-6-hydroxyphenyl)-1-[4-methyl-2-(1-methylethyl)-3-pyridinyl]-4-[(2S)-2-methyl-4-(1-oxo-2-propen-1-yl)-1- piperazinyl]-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2(1H)-one ((R)-38; AMG 510; 2.25 g, 43% yield) as the first-eluting peak.1 H NMR (600 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ ppm 10.20 (s, 1H), 8.39 (d, J = 4.9 Hz, 1H), 8.30 (d, J = 8.9 Hz, 0.5H), 8.27 (d, J = 8.7 Hz, 0.5H), 7.27 (q, J = 8.4 Hz, 1H), 7.18 (d, J = 4.9 Hz, 1H), 6.87 (dd, J = 16.2, 10.8 Hz, 0.5H), 6.84 (dd, J = 16.2, 10.7 Hz, 0.5H), 6.74 (d, J = 8.4 Hz, 1H), 6.68 (t, J = 8.4 Hz, 1H), 6.21 (d, J = 16.2 Hz, 0.5H), 6.20 (d, J = 16.2 Hz, 0.5H), 5.76 (d, J = 10.8 Hz, 0.5H), 5.76 (d, J = 10.7 Hz, 0.5H), 4.91 (m, 1H), 4.41 (d, J = 12.2 Hz, 0.5H), 4.33 (d, J = 12.2 Hz, 1H), 4.28 (d, J = 12.2 Hz, 0.5H), 4.14 (d, J = 12.2 Hz, 0.5H), 4.02 (d, J = 13.6 Hz, 0.5H), 3.69 (m, 1H), 3.65 (d, J = 13.6 Hz, 0.5H), 3.52 (t, J = 12.2 Hz, 0.5H), 3.27 (d, J = 12.2 Hz, 0.5H), 3.15 (t, J = 12.2 Hz, 0.5H), 2.72 (m, 1H), 1.90 (s, 3H), 1.35 (d, J = 6.7 Hz, 3H), 1.08 (d, J = 6.7 Hz, 3H), 0.94 (d, J = 6.7 Hz, 3H).
19F NMR (376 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ –115.6 (d, J = 5.2 Hz, 1 F), –128.6 (br. s., 1 F).
13C NMR (151 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ ppm 165.0 (1C), 163.4 (1C), 162.5 (1C), 160.1 (1C), 156.8 (1C), 153.7 (1C), 151.9 (1C), 149.5 (1C), 148.3 (1C), 145.2 (1C), 144.3 (1C), 131.6 (1C), 130.8 (1C), 127.9 (0.5C), 127.9 (0.5C), 127.8 (0.5C), 127.7 (0.5C), 123.2 (1C), 122.8 (1C), 111.7 (1C), 109.7 (1C), 105.7 (1C), 105.3 (1C), 51.4 (0.5C), 51.0 (0.5C), 48.9 (0.5C), 45.4 (0.5C), 44.6 (0.5C), 43.7 (0.5C), 43.5 (0.5C), 41.6 (0.5C), 29.8 (1C), 21.9 (1C), 21.7 (1C), 17.0 (1C), 15.5 (0.5C), 14.8 (0.5C).
FTMS (ESI) m/z: [M+H]+ Calcd for C30H30F2N6O3 561.24202; Found 561.24150. Atropisomer configuration (R vs. S) assigned crystallographically.The Supporting Information is available free of charge at https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b01180.
PATENT
WO 2021097212
The present disclosure relates to an improved, efficient, scalable process to prepare intermediate compounds, such as compound of Formula 6A, having the structure,
useful for the synthesis of compounds for the treatment of KRAS G12C mutated cancers.
BACKGROUND
[0003] KRAS gene mutations are common in pancreatic cancer, lung adenocarcinoma, colorectal cancer, gall bladder cancer, thyroid cancer, and bile duct cancer. KRAS mutations are also observed in about 25% of patients with NSCLC, and some studies have indicated that KRAS mutations are a negative prognostic factor in patients with NSCLC. Recently, V-Ki-ras2 Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (KRAS) mutations have been found to confer resistance to epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) targeted therapies in colorectal cancer; accordingly, the mutational status of KRAS can provide important information prior to the prescription of TKI therapy. Taken together, there is a need for new medical treatments for patients with pancreatic cancer, lung adenocarcinoma, or colorectal cancer, especially those who have been diagnosed to have such cancers characterized by a KRAS mutation, and including those who have progressed after chemotherapy.
Related Synthetic Processes
[0126] The following intermediate compounds of 6-Fluoro-7-(2-fluoro-6-hydroxyphenyl)-1-(4-methyl-2-(2-propanyl)-3-pyridinyl)-4-((2S)-2-methyl-4-(2-propenoyl)-1-piperazinyl)pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2(1H)-one are representative examples of the disclosure and are not intended to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
[0127] A synthesis of Compound 9 and the relevant intermediates is described in U.S. Serial No.15/984,855, filed May 21, 2018 (U.S. Publication No.2018/0334454, November 22, 2018) which claims priority to and the benefit claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No.62/509,629, filed on May 22, 2017, both of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entireties for all purposes. 6-Fluoro-7-(2-fluoro-6-hydroxyphenyl)-1-(4-methyl-2-(2-propanyl)-3-pyridinyl)-4-((2S)-2-methyl-4-(2-propenoyl)-1-piperazinyl)pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2(1H)-one was prepared using the following process, in which the isomers of the final product were isolated via chiral chromatography.
[0128] Step 1: 2,6-Dichloro-5-fluoronicotinamide (Intermediate S). To a mixture of 2,6-dichloro-5-fluoro-nicotinic acid (4.0 g, 19.1 mmol, AstaTech Inc., Bristol, PA) in dichloromethane (48 mL) was added oxalyl chloride (2M solution in DCM, 11.9 mL, 23.8 mmol), followed by a catalytic amount of DMF (0.05 mL). The reaction was stirred at room temperature overnight and then was concentrated. The residue was dissolved in 1,4-dioxane (48 mL) and cooled to 0 °C. Ammonium hydroxide solution (28.0-30% NH3 basis, 3.6 mL, 28.6 mmol) was added slowly via syringe. The resulting mixture was stirred at 0 °C for 30 min and then was concentrated. The residue was diluted with a 1:1 mixture of EtOAc/Heptane and agitated for 5 min, then was filtered. The filtered solids were discarded, and the remaining mother liquor was partially concentrated to half volume and filtered. The filtered solids were washed with heptane and dried in a reduced-pressure oven (45 °C) overnight to provide 2,6-dichloro-5-fluoronicotinamide. 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ ppm 8.23 (d, J = 7.9 Hz, 1 H) 8.09 (br s, 1 H) 7.93 (br s, 1 H). m/z (ESI, +ve ion): 210.9 (M+H)+.
[0129] Step 2: 2,6-Dichloro-5-fluoro-N-((2-isopropyl-4-methylpyridin-3-yl)carbamoyl)nicotinamide. To an ice-cooled slurry of 2,6-dichloro-5-fluoronicotinamide (Intermediate S, 5.0 g, 23.9 mmol) in THF (20 mL) was added oxalyl chloride (2 M solution in DCM, 14.4 mL, 28.8 mmol) slowly via syringe. The resulting mixture was heated at 75 °C for 1 h, then heating was stopped, and the reaction was concentrated to half volume. After cooling to 0 °C, THF (20 mL) was added, followed by a solution of 2-isopropyl-4-methylpyridin-3-amine (Intermediate R, 3.59 g, 23.92 mmol) in THF (10 mL), dropwise via cannula. The resulting mixture was stirred at 0 °C for 1 h and then was quenched with a 1:1 mixture of brine and saturated aqueous ammonium chloride. The mixture was extracted with EtOAc (3x) and the combined organic layers were dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated to provide 2,6-dichloro-5-fluoro-N-((2-isopropyl-4-methylpyridin-3-yl)carbamoyl)nicotinamide. This material was used without further purification in the following step. m/z (ESI, +ve ion): 385.1(M+H)+.
[0130] Step 3: 7-Chloro-6-fluoro-1-(2-isopropyl-4-methylpyridin-3-yl)pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione. To an ice-cooled solution of 2,6-dichloro-5-fluoro-N-((2-isopropyl-4-methylpyridin-3-yl)carbamoyl)nicotinamide (9.2 g, 24.0 mmol) in THF (40 mL) was added KHMDS (1 M solution in THF, 50.2 mL, 50.2 mmol) slowly via syringe. The ice bath was removed and the resulting mixture was stirred for 40 min at room temperature. The reaction was quenched with saturated aqueous ammonium chloride and extracted with EtOAc (3x). The combined organic layers were dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography (eluent: 0-50% 3:1 EtOAc-EtOH/heptane) to provide 7-chloro-6-fluoro-1-(2-isopropyl-4-methylpyridin-3-yl)pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione.1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ ppm 12.27 (br s, 1H), 8.48-8.55 (m, 2 H), 7.29 (d, J = 4.8 Hz, 1 H), 2.87 (quin, J = 6.6 Hz, 1 H), 1.99-2.06 (m, 3 H), 1.09 (d, J = 6.6 Hz, 3 H), 1.01 (d, J = 6.6 Hz, 3 H).19F NMR (376 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ: -126.90 (s, 1 F). m/z (ESI, +ve ion): 349.1 (M+H)+.
[0131] Step 4: 4,7-Dichloro-6-fluoro-1-(2-isopropyl-4-methylpyridin-3-yl)pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2(1H)-one. To a solution of 7-chloro-6-fluoro-1-(2-isopropyl-4-methylpyridin-3-yl)pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione (4.7 g, 13.5 mmol) and DIPEA (3.5 mL, 20.2 mmol) in acetonitrile (20 mL) was added phosphorus oxychloride (1.63 mL, 17.5 mmol), dropwise via syringe. The resulting mixture was heated at 80 °C for 1 h, and then was cooled to room temperature and concentrated to provide 4,7-dichloro-6-fluoro-1-(2-isopropyl-4-methylpyridin-3-yl)pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2(1H)-one. This material was used without further purification in the following step. m/z (ESI, +ve ion): 367.1 (M+H)+.
[0132] Step 5: (S)-tert-Butyl 4-(7-chloro-6-fluoro-1-(2-isopropyl-4-methylpyridin-3-yl)-2-oxo-1,2-dihydropyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)-3-methylpiperazine-1-carboxylate. To an ice-cooled solution of 4,7-dichloro-6-fluoro-1-(2-isopropyl-4-methylpyridin-3-yl)pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2(1H)-one (13.5 mmol) in acetonitrile (20 mL) was added DIPEA (7.1 mL, 40.3 mmol), followed by (S)-4-N-Boc-2-methyl piperazine (3.23 g, 16.1 mmol, Combi-Blocks, Inc., San Diego, CA, USA). The resulting mixture was warmed to room temperature and stirred for 1 h, then was diluted with cold saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution (200 mL) and EtOAc (300 mL). The mixture was stirred for an additional 5 min, the layers were separated, and the aqueous layer was extracted with more EtOAc (1x). The combined organic layers were dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography (eluent: 0-50% EtOAc/heptane) to provide (S)-tert-butyl 4-(7-chloro-6-fluoro-1-(2-isopropyl-4-methylpyridin-3-yl)-2-oxo-1,2-dihydropyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)-3-methylpiperazine-1-carboxylate. m/z (ESI, +ve ion): 531.2 (M+H)+.
[0133] Step 6: (3S)-tert-Butyl 4-(6-fluoro-7-(2-fluoro-6-hydroxyphenyl)-1-(2-isopropyl-4-methylpyridin-3-yl)-2-oxo-1,2-dihydropyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)-3-methylpiperazine-1-carboxylate. A mixture of (S)-tert-butyl 4-(7-chloro-6-fluoro-1-(2-isopropyl-4-methylpyridin-3-yl)-2-oxo-1,2-dihydropyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)-3-methylpiperazine-1-carboxylate (4.3 g, 8.1 mmol), potassium trifluoro(2-fluoro-6-hydroxyphenyl)borate (Intermediate Q, 2.9 g, 10.5 mmol), potassium acetate (3.2 g, 32.4 mmol) and [1,1′-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene]dichloropalladium(II), complex with dichloromethane (661 mg, 0.81 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (80 mL) was degassed with nitrogen for 1 min. De-oxygenated water (14 mL) was added, and the resulting mixture was heated at 90 °C for 1 h. The reaction was allowed to cool to room temperature, quenched with half-saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate, and extracted with EtOAc (2x) and DCM (1x). The combined organic layers were dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography (eluent: 0-60% 3:1 EtOAc-EtOH/heptane) to provide (3S)-tert-butyl 4-(6-fluoro-7-(2-fluoro-6-hydroxyphenyl)-1-(2-isopropyl-4-methylpyridin-3-yl)-2-oxo-1,2-dihydropyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)-3-methylpiperazine-1-carboxylate.1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ ppm 10.19 (br s, 1 H), 8.38 (d, J = 5.0 Hz, 1 H), 8.26 (dd, J = 12.5, 9.2 Hz, 1 H), 7.23-7.28 (m, 1 H), 7.18 (d, J = 5.0 Hz, 1 H), 6.72 (d, J = 8.0 Hz, 1 H), 6.68 (t, J = 8.9 Hz, 1 H), 4.77-4.98 (m, 1 H), 4.24 (br t, J = 14.2 Hz, 1 H), 3.93-4.08 (m, 1 H), 3.84 (br d, J=12.9 Hz, 1 H), 3.52-3.75 (m, 1 H), 3.07-3.28 (m, 1 H), 2.62-2.74 (m, 1 H), 1.86-1.93 (m, 3 H), 1.43-1.48 (m, 9 H), 1.35 (dd, J = 10.8, 6.8 Hz, 3 H), 1.26-1.32 (m, 1 H), 1.07 (dd, J = 6.6, 1.7 Hz, 3 H), 0.93 (dd, J = 6.6, 2.1 Hz, 3 H).19F NMR (376 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ: -115.65 (s, 1 F), -128.62 (s, 1 F). m/z (ESI, +ve ion): 607.3 (M+H)+.
[0134] Step 7: 6-Fluoro-7-(2-fluoro-6-hydroxyphenyl)-1-(4-methyl-2-(2-propanyl)-3-pyridinyl)-4-((2S)-2-methyl-4-(2-propenoyl)-1-piperazinyl)pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2(1H)-one. Trifluoroacetic acid (25 mL, 324 mmol) was added to a solution of (3S)-tert-butyl 4-(6-fluoro-7-(2-fluoro-6-hydroxyphenyl)-1-(2-isopropyl-4-methylpyridin-3-yl)-2-oxo-1,2-dihydropyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)-3-methylpiperazine-1-carboxylate (6.3 g, 10.4 mmol) in DCM (30 mL). The resulting mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 h and then was concentrated. The residue was dissolved in DCM (30 mL), cooled to 0 °C, and sequentially treated with DIPEA (7.3 mL, 41.7 mmol) and a solution of acryloyl chloride (0.849 mL, 10.4 mmol) in DCM (3 mL; added dropwise via syringe). The reaction was stirred at 0 °C for 10 min, then was quenched with half-saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate and extracted with DCM (2x). The combined organic layers were dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography (eluent: 0-100% 3:1 EtOAc-EtOH/heptane) to provide 6-fluoro-7-(2-fluoro-6-hydroxyphenyl)-1-(4-methyl-2-(2-propanyl)-3-pyridinyl)-4-((2S)-2-methyl-4-(2-propenoyl)-1-piperazinyl)pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2(1H)-one.1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ ppm 10.20 (s, 1 H), 8.39 (d, J = 4.8 Hz, 1 H), 8.24-8.34 (m, 1 H), 7.23-7.32 (m, 1 H), 7.19 (d, J = 5.0 Hz, 1 H), 6.87 (td, J = 16.3, 11.0 Hz, 1 H), 6.74 (d, J = 8.6 Hz, 1 H), 6.69 (t, J = 8.6 Hz, 1 H), 6.21 (br d, J = 16.2 Hz, 1 H), 5.74-5.80 (m, 1 H), 4.91 (br s, 1 H), 4.23-4.45 (m, 2 H), 3.97-4.21 (m, 1 H), 3.44-3.79 (m, 2 H), 3.11-3.31 (m, 1 H), 2.67-2.77 (m, 1 H), 1.91 (s, 3 H), 1.35 (d, J = 6.8 Hz, 3 H), 1.08 (d, J = 6.6 Hz, 3 H), 0.94 (d, J = 6.8 Hz, 3 H).19F NMR (376 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ ppm -115.64 (s, 1 F), -128.63 (s, 1 F). m/z (ESI, +ve ion): 561.2 (M+H)+.
[0135] Another synthesis of Compound 9 and the relevant intermediates was described in a U.S. provisional patent application filed November 16, 2018, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety for all purposes.
Representative Synthetic Processes
[0136] The present disclosure comprises the following steps wherein the synthesis and utilization of the boroxine intermediate is a novel and inventive step in the manufacture of AMG 510 (Compound 9):
Raw Materials
Step la
[0137] To a solution of 2,6-dichloro-5-fluoro-3-pyridinecarboxylic acid (25kg; 119. lmol) in dichloromethane (167kg) and DMF (592g) was added Oxalyl chloride (18.9kg; 148.9mol) while maintaining an internal temp between 15-20 °C. Additional dichloromethane (33kg) was added as a rinse and the reaction mixture stirred for 2h. The reaction mixture is cooled then quenched with ammonium hydroxide (40.2L; 595.5mol) while maintaining internal temperature 0 ± 10°C. The resulting slurry was stirred for 90min then the product collected by filtration. The filtered solids were washed with DI water (3X 87L) and dried to provide 2,6-dichloro-5-fluoronicotinamide (Compound 1).
Step 1b
[0138] In reactor A, a solution of 2,6-dichloro-5-fluoronicotinamide (Compound 1) (16.27kg; 77.8mol) in dichloromethane (359.5kg) was added oxalyl chloride (11.9kg;
93.8mol) while maintaining temp ≤ 25°C for 75min. The resulting solution was then headed to 40°C ± 3°C and aged for 3h. Using vacuum, the solution was distilled to remove dichloromethane until the solution was below the agitator. Dichloromethane (300 kg) was then added and the mixture cooled to 0 ± 5°C. To a clean, dry reactor (reactor B) was added,2-isopropyl-4-methylpyridin-3-amine (ANILINE Compound 2A) (12.9kg; 85.9mol) followed by dichloromethane (102.6 kg). The ANILINE solution was azeodried via vacuum distillation while maintaining an internal temperature between 20-25 °), replacing with additional dichloromethane until the solution was dry by KF analysis (limit ≤ 0.05%). The solution volume was adjusted to approx. 23L volume with dichloromethane. The dried ANILINE solution was then added to reactor A while maintaining an internal temperature of 0 ± 5°C throughout the addition. The mixture was then heated to 23 °C and aged for 1h. the solution was polish filtered into a clean reactor to afford 2,6-dichloro-5-fluoro-N-((2- isopropyl-4-methylpyridin-3-yl)carbamoyl)nicotinamide (Compound 3) as a solution in DCM and used directly in the next step.
Step 2
[0139] A dichloromethane solution of 2,6-dichloro-5-fluoro-N-{[4-methyl-2-(propan-2- yl)pyridin-3-yl]carbamoyl}pyridine-3-carboxamide (UREA (Compound 3)) (15kg contained; 38.9mol) was solvent exchanged into 2-MeTHF using vacuum distillation while maintaining internal temperature of 20-25 °C. The reactor volume was adjusted to 40L and then
additional 2-MeTHF was charged (105.4 kg). Sodium t-butoxide was added (9.4 kg;
97.8mol) while maintaining 5-10 °C. The contents where warmed to 23 °C and stirred for 3h. The contents where then cooled to 0-5C and ammonium chloride added (23.0kg; 430mol) as a solution in 60L of DI water. The mixture was warmed to 20 C and DI water added (15L) and further aged for 30min. Agitation was stopped and the layers separated. The aqueous layer was removed and to the organic layer was added DI water(81.7L). A mixture of conc HCl (1.5kg) and water (9L) was prepared then added to the reactor slowly until pH measured between 4-5. The layers were separated, and the aqueous layer back extracted using 2-MeTHF (42.2kg). The two organic layers combined and washed with a 10% citric acid solution (75kg) followed by a mixture of water (81.7L) and saturated NaCl (19.8 kg). The organic layer was then washed with saturated sodium bicarbonate (75kg) repeating if necessary to achieve a target pH of ≥ 7.0 of the aqueous. The organic layer was washed again with brine (54.7kg) and then dried over magnesium sulfate (5kg). The mixture was filtered to remove magnesium sulfate rinsing the filtered bed with 2-MeTHF (49.2 kg). The combined filtrate and washes where distilled using vacuum to 40L volume. The concentrated solution was heated to 55 °C and heptane (10-12kg) slowly added until cloud point. The solution was cooled to 23 °C over 2h then heptane (27.3 kg) was added over 2h. The product slurry was aged for 3h at 20-25 °C then filtered and washed with a mixture of 2-MeTHF (2.8kg) and heptane (9kg). The product was dried using nitrogen and vacuum to afford solid 7-chloro-6-fluoro-1-(2-isopropyl-4-methylpyridin-3-yl)pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione (rac-DIONE (Compound 4)).
Step 3
[0140] To a vessel, an agitated suspension of Compound 4, (1.0 eq.) in 2- methylterahydrofuran (7.0 L/kg) was added (+)-2,3-dibenzoyl-D-tartaric acid (2.0 eq.) under an atmosphere of nitrogen. 2-MeTHF is chiral, but it is used as a racemic mixture. The different enantiomers of 2-MeTHF are incorporated randomly into the co-crystal. The resulting suspension was warmed to 75°C and aged at 75°C until full dissolution was observed (< 30 mins.). The resulting solution was polish filtered at 75°C into a secondary vessel. To the polish filtered solution was charged n-Heptane (2.0 L/kg) at a rate that maintained the internal temperature above 65°C. The solution was then cooled to 60°C, seeded with crystals (0.01 kg/kg) and allowed to age for 30 minutes. The resulting suspension was cooled to 20°C over 4 hours and then sampled for chiral purity analysis by HPLC. To the suspension, n-Heptane (3.0 L/kg) was charged and then aged for 4 hours at 20°C under an atmosphere of nitrogen. The suspension was filtered, and the isolated solids were washed two times with (2:1) n-Heptane:2-methyltetrahydrofuran (3.0 L/kg). The material was dried with nitrogen and vacuum to afford M-Dione:DBTA: Me-THF complex (Compound 4a).
Step 4
[0141] To vessel A, a suspension of disodium hydrogen phosphate (21.1 kg, 2.0 equiv) in DI water (296.8 L, 6.3 L/kg) was agitated until dissolution was observed (≥ 30 min.). To vessel B, a suspension of the M-Dione:DBTA: Me-THF complex (Composition 4a)[46.9 kg (25.9 kg corrected for M-dione, 1.0 equiv.)] in methyl tert-butyl ether (517.8 L, 11.0 L/kg) was agitated for 15 to 30 minutes. The resulting solution from vessel A was added to vessel B, and then the mixture was agitated for more than 3 hours. The agitation was stopped, and the biphasic mixture was left to separate for more than 30 minutes. The lower aqueous phase was removed and then back extracted with methyl tert-butyl ether (77.7 L, 1.7 L/kg). The organic phases were combined in vessel B and dried with magnesium sulfate (24.8 kg, 0.529 kg/kg). The resulting suspension from vessel B was agitated for more than three hours and then filtered into vessel C. To vessel B, a methyl tert-butyl ether (46.9 L, 1.0 L/kg) rinse was charged and then filtered into vessel C. The contents of vessel C were cooled to 10 °C and then distilled under vacuum while slowly being warmed to 35°C. Distillation was continued until 320-350 kg (6.8-7.5 kg/kg) of methyl tert-butyl ether was collected. After cooling the contents of vessel C to 20°C, n-Heptane (278.7 L, 5.9 L/kg) was charged over one hour and then distilled under vacuum while slowly being warmed to 35°C. Distillation was continued until a 190-200 kg (4.1-4.3 kg/kg) mixture of methyl tert-butyl ether and n-Heptane was collected. After cooling the contents of vessel C to 20°C, n-Heptane (278.7 L, 5.9 L/kg) was charged a second time over one hour and then distilled under vacuum while slowly being warmed to 35°C. Distillation was continued until a 190-200 kg (4.1-4.3 kg/kg) mixture of methyl tert-butyl ether and n-Heptane was collected. After cooling the contents of vessel C to 20°C, n-Heptane (195.9 L, 4.2 L/kg) was charged a third time over one hour and then sampled for solvent composition by GC analysis. The vessel C suspension continued to agitate for more than one hour. The suspension was filtered, and then washed with a n-Heptane (68.6 L, 1.5 L/kg) rinse from vessel C. The isolated solids were dried at 50°C, and a sample was submitted for stock suitability. Afforded 7-chloro-6-fluoro-(1M)-1-[4-methyl-2-(propan-2-yl)pyridin-3-yl]pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione (M-DIONE) Compound 5M.
[0142] The first-generation process highlighted above has been successfully scaled on 200+ kg of rac-dione starting material (Compound 4). In this process, seeding the crystallization with the thermodynamically-stable rac-dione crystal form (which exhibits low solubility) would cause a batch failure. Based on our subsequent studies, we found that increasing the DBTA equivalents and lowering the seed temperature by adjusting heptane
charge schedule improves robustness of the process. The improved process is resistant to the presence of the thermodynamically-stable rac-dione crystal form and promotes successful separation of atropisomers. Subsequent batches will incorporate the improved process for large scale manufacture.
Step 5
Note: All L/kg amounts are relative to M-Dione input; All equiv. amounts are relative to M-Dione input after adjusted by potency.
[0143] M-Dione (Compound 5M, 1.0 equiv.) and Toluene-1 (10.0 L/kg) was charged to Vessel A. The resulting solution was dried by azeotropic distillation under vacuum at 45 °C until 5.0 L/kg of solvents has been removed. The contents of Vessel A were then cooled to 20 °C.
[0144] Vessel C was charged with Toluene-3 (4.5 L/kg), Phosphoryl chloride (1.5 equiv.) and N,N-Diisopropylethylamine-1 (2.0 equiv.) while maintaining the internal temperature below 20 ± 5 °C.
Upon finishing charging, Vessel C was warmed to 30 ± 5 °C. The contents of Vessel A were then transferred to Vessel C over 4 hours while maintaining the internal temperature at 30 ± 5°C. Vessel A was rinsed with Toluene-2 (0.5 L/kg) and transferred to Vessel C. The contents of Vessel C were agitated at 30°C for an additional 3 hours. The contents of Vessel C were cooled to 20 ± 5 °C. A solution of (s)-1-boc-3-methylpiperazine (1.2 equiv.), N,N-Diisopropylethylamine-2 (1.2 equiv.) in isopropyl acetate-1 (1.0 L/kg) was prepared in Vessel D. The solution of Vessel D was charged to vessel C while maintaining a batch temperature of 20 ± 5 °C (Note: Exotherm is observed). Upon the end of transfer, Vessel D was rinsed with additional dichloromethane (1.0 L/kg) and transferred to Vessel C. The contents of Vessel C were agitated for an additional 60 minutes at 20 °C. A solution of sodium bicarbonate [water-1 (15.0 L/kg + Sodium bicarbonate (4.5 equiv.)] was then charged into Vessel C over an hour while maintaining an internal temperature at 20 ± 5 °C throughout the addition. The contents of Vessel C were agitated for at least 12 hours at which point the Pipazoline (Compound 6) product was isolated by filtration in an agitated filter dryer. The cake was washed with water-2 and -3 (5.0 L/kg x 2 times, agitating each wash for 15 minutes) and isopropyl acetate-2 and 3 (5.0 L/kg x 2 times, agitating each wash for 15 min). The cake as dried under nitrogen for 12 hours.
Acetone Re-slurry (Optional):
[0145] Pipazoline (Compound 6) and acetone (10.0 L/kg) were charged to Vessel E. The suspension was heated to 50 °C for 2 hours. Water-4 (10.0 L/kg) was charged into Vessel E over 1 hour. Upon completion of water addition, the mixture was cooled to 20 °C over 1 hour. The contents of Vessel E were filtered to isolate the product, washing the cake with 1:1 acetone/water mixture (5.0 L/kg). The cake was dried under nitrogen for 12 hours.
Step 6
General Note: All equivalents and volumes are reported in reference to Pipazoline input
Note: All L/kg and kg/kg amounts are relative to Pipazoline input
[0146] Reactor A is charged with Pipazoline (Compound 6, 1.0 equiv), degassed 2- MeTHF (9.0 L/kg) and a solution of potassium acetate (2.0 equiv) in degassed water (6.5 L/kg). The resulting mixture is warmed to 75 ± 5 °C and then, charge a slurry of
Pd(dpePhos)Cl2 (0.003 equiv) in 2-MeTHF (0.5 L/kg). Within 2 h of catalyst charge, a solution of freshly prepared Boroxine (Compound 6A, 0.5 equiv) in wet degassed 2-MeTHF (4.0 L/kg, KF > 4.0%) is charged over the course of >1 hour, but < 2 hours, rinsing with an additional portion of wet 2-MeTHF (0.5 L/kg) after addition is complete. After reaction completion ( <0.15 area % Pipazoline remaining, typically <1 h after boroxine addition is complete), 0.2 wt% (0.002 kg/kg) of Biaryl seed is added as a slurry in 0.02 L/kg wet 2- MeTHF, and the resulting seed bed is aged for > 60 min. Heptane (5.0 L/kg) is added over 2 hours at 75 ± 5 °C. The batch is then cooled to 20 ± 5 °C over 2 hours and aged for an additional 2 h. The slurry is then filtered and cake washed with 1 x 5.0L/kg water, 1 x 5.0L/kg 1:1 iPrOH:water followed by 1 x 5.0 L/kg 1:1 iPrOH:heptane (resuspension wash: the cake is resuspended by agitator and allow to set before filtering) . The cake (Biaryl, Compound 7) is then dried under vacuum with a nitrogen sweep.
Note: If the reaction stalls, an additional charge of catalyst and boroxine is required
Step 7 Charcoal Filtration for Pd removal
General Note: All equivalents and volumes are reported in reference to crude Biaryl input
Note: All L/kg and kg/kg amounts are relative to crude Biaryl input
[0147] In a clean Vessel A, charge crude Biaryl (1 equiv) and charge DCM (10 L/kg). Agitate content for > 60 minutes at 22 ± 5 °C, observing dissolution. Pass crude Biaryl from Vessel A, through a bag filter and carbon filters at a flux ≤ 3 L2/min/m and collect filtrate in clean Vessel B. Charge DCM rinse (1 L/kg) to Vessel A, and through carbon filters to collect in vessel B.
[0148] From filtrate in Vessel B, pull a solution sample for IPC Pd content. Sample is concentrated to solid and analyzed by ICP-MS. IPC: Pd ≤ 25 ppm with respect to Biaryl. a. If Pd content is greater than 25 ppm with respect to Biaryl on first or second IPC sample, pass solution through carbon filter a second time at ≤ 3 L2/min/m2, rinsing with 1 L/kg DCM; sample filtrate for IPC.
b. If Pd content remains greater than 25 ppm after third IPC, install and condition fresh carbon discs. Pass Biaryl filtrate through refreshed carbon filter, washing with 1 L/kg DCM. Sample for IPC.
[0149] Distill and refill to appropriate concentration. Prepare for distillation of recovered filtrate by concentrating to ≤ 4 L/kg DCM, and recharge to reach 5.25 ± 0.25 L/kg DCM prior to moving into Step 7 Boc-deprotection reaction.
Step 7
General Note: All equivalents and volumes are reported in reference to crude Biaryl input
Note: All L/kg and kg/kg amounts are relative to Biaryl input
[0150] To Reactor A was added: tert-butyl (3S)-4-{6-fluoro-7-(2-fluoro-6-hydroxyphenyl)-(1M)-1-[4-methyl-2-(propan-2-yl)pyridin-3-yl]-2-oxo-1,2-dihydropyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl}-3-methylpiperazine-1-carboxylate (Biaryl) (1.0 equiv), dichloromethane (5.0 L/kg), and the TFA (15.0 equiv, 1.9 L/kg) is charged slowly to maintain the internal temperature at 20 ± 5 °C. The reaction was stirred for 4 h at 20 ± 5 °C.
[0151] To Reactor B was added: potassium carbonate (18.0 equiv), water (20.0 L/kg), and NMP (1.0) to form a homogenous solution. While agitating at the maximum acceptable rate for the equipment, the reaction mixture in A was transferred into the potassium carbonate solution in B over 30 minutes (~ 0.24 L/kg/min rate). The mixture was stirred at 20 ± 5 °C for an additional 12 h.
[0152] The resulting slurry was filtered and rinsed with water (2 x 10 L/kg). The wet cake was dried for 24 h to give 6-fluoro-7-(2-fluoro-6-hydroxyphenyl)-4-[(2S)-2-methylpiperazin- 1-yl]-(1M)-1-[4-methyl-2-(propan-2-yl)pyridin-3-yl]pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2(1H)-one (Des- Boc, Compound 8).
Step 8
Note: All L/kg and kg/kg amounts are relative to Des-Boc input
[0153] Des-Boc (Compound 8, 1.0 equiv) and NMP (4.2 L/kg) are charged to Vessel A under nitrogen, charge the TFA (1.0 equiv.) slowly to maintain the Tr <25 °C. The mixture is aged at 25 °C until full dissolution is observed (about 0.5 hour). The solution is then polish filtered through a 0.45 micron filter into Vessel B, washing with a NMP (0.8 L/kg). The filtrate and wash are combined, and then cooled to 0 °C. To the resulting solution, Acryloyl Chloride (1.3 equiv.) is added while maintaining temperature < 10 C. The reaction mixture is then aged at 5 ±5°C until completed by IPC (ca.1.5 hrs).
Preparation of Aqueous Disodium Phosphate Quench:
[0154] Disodium Phosphate (3.0 equiv) and Water (15.0 L/kg) are charged to Vessel C. The mixture is aged at 25 °C until full dissolution is observed. The solution is warmed to 45 ±5°C. A seed slurry of AMG 510 (0.005 equiv.) in Water (0.4 L/kg) is prepared and added to Vessel C while maintaining temperature at 45 ±5°C.
[0155] The reaction mixture in Vessel B is transferred to Vessel C (quench solution) while maintaining temperature at 45 ±5°C (ca.1 hrs). Vessel B is washed with a portion of NMP (0.5 L/kg). The product slurry is aged for 2 hrs at 45 ±5°C, cooled to 20 °C over 3 hrs, aged at 20 °C for a minimum of 12 hrs, filtered and washed with Water (2 x 10.0 L/kg). The product is dried using nitrogen and vacuum to afford Crude AMG 510 (Compound 9A).
Step 9
General Note: All equivalents and volumes are reported in reference to crude AMG 510 input
Note: All L/kg and kg/kg amounts are relative to Crude AMG 510 input
[0156] Reactor A was charged with 6-fluoro-7-(2-fluoro-6-hydroxyphenyl)-(1M)-1-[4- methyl-2-(propan-2-yl)pyridin-3-yl]-4-[(2S)-2-methyl-4-(prop-2-enoyl)piperazin-1- yl]pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2(1H)-one (Crude AMG 510) (1.0 equiv), ethanol (7.5 L/kg), and water (1.9 L/kg). The mixture heated to 75 °C and polish filtered into a clean Reactor B. The solution was cool to 45 °C and seeded with authentic milled AMG 510 seed (0.015 േ 0.005
1 Seed performs best when reduced in particle size via milling or with other type of mechanical grinding if mill is not available (mortar/ pestle). Actual seed utilized will be based on seed availability. 1.0- 2.0% is seed is target amount.
kg/kg); the resulting slurry was aged for 30 min. Water (15.0 L/kg) was added over 5h while maintaining an internal temperature > 40 °C; the mixture was aged for an additional 2h.
[0157] The mixture was cooled to 20 °C over 3 hours and aged for 8h, after which the solid was collected by filtration and washed using a mixture of ethanol (2.5 L/kg) and water (5.0 L/kg). The solid was dried using vacuum and nitrogen to obtain 6-fluoro-7-(2-fluoro-6-hydroxyphenyl)-(1M)-1-[4-methyl-2-(propan-2-yl)pyridin-3-yl]-4-[(2S)-2-methyl-4-(prop-2-enoyl)piperazin-1-yl]pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2(1H)-one (AMG 510, Compound 9).
Compound 6A Boroxine Synthesis:
Lithiation/borylation
[0158] Reactor A was charged with THF (6 vol), a secondary amine base, Diisopropylamine (1.4 equiv), and a catalyst, such as triethylamine hydrochloride (0.01 equiv.). The resulting solution was cooled to -70 °C and a first base, n-BuLi (2.5 M in hexane, 1.5 equiv) was slowly added. After addition is complete, a solution of 3-fluoroanisole (1.0 equiv) in THF (6 vol) was added slowly and kept at -70 °C for 5 min. Concurrently or subsequently, a reagent, B(EtO)3 (2.0 equiv), was added slowly and kept at -70 °C for 10 min. The reaction mixture was quenched with an acid, 2N HCl. The quenched reaction mixture was extracted with MTBE (3 x 4 vol). The combined organic phases were concentrated to 1.5-3 total volumes. Heptane (7-9 vol) was added drop-wise and the mixture was cooled to 0-10 °C and stirred for 3 h. The mixture was filtrated and rinsed with heptane (1.5 vol). The solid was dried under nitrogen at < 30 °C to afford (2-fluoro-6-methoxyphenyl)boronic acid.
Demethylation:
Note: All L/kg and kg/kg amounts are relative to (2-fluoro-6-methoxyphenyl)boronic acid input
[0159] To a reactor, charge dichloromethane (solvent, 4.0 L/kg) and an acid, BBr3 (1.2 equiv), and cool to -20 °C. To this solution, a suspension of (2-fluoro-6-methoxyphenyl)boronic acid (1.0 equiv) in dichloromethane (4.0 L/kg) was added into the BBr3/DCM mixture while keeping temperature -15 to -25 °C. The reaction was allowed to proceed for approximately 2 hours while monitored by HPLC [≤1% (2-fluoro-6-methoxyphenyl)boronic acid] before reverse quenching into water (3.0 L/kg). The precipitated solid was then isolated by filtration and slurried with water (3.0 L/kg) on the filter prior to deliquoring. The filtrates were adjusted to pH 4-6 by the addition of sodium bicarbonate. The bottom organic phase was separated and the resulting aqueous layer was washed with dichloromethane (solvent, 5.0 Vol) and adjusted to pH = 1 by addition of concentrated hydrochloric acid. The resulting solids were isolated by filtration, washing the cake with water (2 x 5.0 L/kg)
Purification via Reslurry (required)
[0160] The combined crude solids were charged into a reactor and slurried with 5% EtOH/water (5.0 L/kg) at 20 °C for >1 h. The purified product was then isolated by filtration and rinsed with water (2 x 3 L/kg) before drying on the filter at < 30 °C to with nitrogen/vacuum to afford 2,2′,2”-(1,3,5,2,4,6-trioxatriborinane-2,4,6-triyl)tris(3-fluorophenol) (Boroxine, Compound 6A).
PATENT
WO 2020102730
https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=WO2020102730
PATENT
US 20180334454
References
- ^ Jump up to:a b c d e “Lumakras- sotorasib tablet, coated”. DailyMed. Retrieved 6 June 2021.
- ^ Jump up to:a b c d e f g h i j k l m n “FDA Approves First Targeted Therapy for Lung Cancer Mutation Previously Considered Resistant to Drug Therapy”. U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). 28 May 2021. Retrieved 28 May 2021.
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- ^ “KRAS mutant-targeting AMG 510”. NCI Drug Dictionary. National Cancer Institute. 2 February 2011. Retrieved 16 November2019.
- ^ Canon J, Rex K, Saiki AY, Mohr C, Cooke K, Bagal D, et al. (November 2019). “The clinical KRAS(G12C) inhibitor AMG 510 drives anti-tumour immunity”. Nature. 575 (7781): 217–23. Bibcode:2019Natur.575..217C. doi:10.1038/s41586-019-1694-1. PMID 31666701.
- ^ Jump up to:a b “FDA approves Amgen drug for lung cancer with specific mutation”. CNBC. 28 May 2021. Retrieved 28 May 2021.
- ^ Hong DS, Fakih MG, Strickler JH, Desai J, Durm GA, Shapiro GI, et al. (2020). “KRASG12C inhibition with sotorasib in advanced solid tumors”. N Engl J Med. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1917239. PMC 7571518.
- ^ Clinical trial number NCT03600883 for “A Phase 1/2, Study Evaluating the Safety, Tolerability, PK, and Efficacy of AMG 510 in Subjects With Solid Tumors With a Specific KRAS Mutation ” at ClinicalTrials.gov
- ^ “The Discovery Of Amgen’s Novel Investigational KRAS(G12C) Inhibitor AMG 510 Published In Nature” (Press release). Amgen. 30 October 2019. Retrieved 16 November 2019.
- ^ Irving M (24 December 2019). “Drug targeting common cancer cause enters phase 2 clinical trials”. New Atlas. Retrieved 24 December 2019.
- ^ Jump up to:a b c d Halford B (3 April 2019). “Amgen unveils its KRas inhibitor in human clinical trials: AMG 510 shuts down a mutant version of the cancer target via covalent interaction”. Chemical & Engineering News. 97 (4). Retrieved 16 November 2019.
- ^ Al Idrus A (9 September 2019). “Amgen’s KRAS drug continues to deliver but faces ‘curse’ of high expectations”. fiercebiotech.com. Retrieved 16 November 2019.
- ^ Kaiser J (30 October 2019). “Two new drugs finally hit ‘undruggable’ cancer target, providing hope for treatments”. Science Magazine. AAAS. Retrieved 16 November 2019.
- ^ Astor L (9 September 2019). “FDA Grants AMG 510 Fast Track Designation for KRAS G12C+ NSCLC”. targetedonc.com. Retrieved 16 November 2019.
- ^ World Health Organization (2021). “International nonproprietary names for pharmaceutical substances (INN): recommended INN: list 85” (PDF). WHO Drug Information. 35 (1).
Further reading
- Hong DS, Fakih MG, Strickler JH, Desai J, Durm GA, Shapiro GI, et al. (September 2020). “KRASG12C Inhibition with Sotorasib in Advanced Solid Tumors”. N Engl J Med. 383 (13): 1207–17. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1917239. PMC 7571518. PMID 32955176.
- Lanman BA, Allen JR, Allen JG, Amegadzie AK, Ashton KS, Booker SK, et al. (January 2020). “Discovery of a Covalent Inhibitor of KRASG12C (AMG 510) for the Treatment of Solid Tumors”. J Med Chem. 63 (1): 52–65. doi:10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b01180. PMID 31820981.
External links
- “Sotorasib”. Drug Information Portal. U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- Clinical trial number NCT03600883 for “A Phase 1/2, Study Evaluating the Safety, Tolerability, PK, and Efficacy of AMG 510 in Subjects With Solid Tumors With a Specific KRAS Mutation (CodeBreaK 100)” at ClinicalTrials.gov
Clinical data | |
---|---|
Trade names | Lumakras |
Other names | AMG 510 |
License data | US DailyMed: Sotorasib |
Routes of administration | By mouth |
ATC code | None |
Legal status | |
Legal status | US: ℞-only [1][2] |
Identifiers | |
showIUPAC name | |
CAS Number | 2252403-56-6 |
PubChem CID | 137278711 |
DrugBank | DB15569 |
ChemSpider | 72380148 |
UNII | 2B2VM6UC8G |
KEGG | D12055 |
Chemical and physical data | |
Formula | C30H30F2N6O3 |
Molar mass | 560.606 g·mol−1 |
3D model (JSmol) | Interactive image |
showSMILES | |
showInChI |
////////Sotorasib, ソトラシブ , FDA 2021, APPROVALS 2021, Lumakras, CANCER, ANTINEOPLASTIC, AMG 510, AMG-510, AMG510, AMGEN, priority review, fast-track, breakthrough therapy, orphan drug
CC1CN(CCN1C2=NC(=O)N(C3=NC(=C(C=C32)F)C4=C(C=CC=C4F)O)C5=C(C=CN=C5C(C)C)C)C(=O)C=C

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Loncastuximab tesirine



Loncastuximab tesirine
ZYNLONTA FDA APPROVED 2021/4/23
Formula | C6544H10048N1718O2064S52 |
---|---|
Exact mass | 147387.9585 |
CAS | 1879918-31-6 |
Efficacy | Antineoplasitc, Anti-CD19 antibody |
Disease | Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma not otherwise specified [DS:H02434] |
Comment | Antibody-drug conjugate Treatment of hematological cancers |
ロンカスツキシマブテシリン; ADCT-402, ADCX 19
Immunoglobulin G1, anti-(human CD19 antigen) (human-Mus musculus monoclonal RB4v1.2 γ1-chain), disulfide with human-Mus musculus monoclonal RB4v1.2 κ-chain, dimer, bis(thioether) with N-[31-(3-mercapt-2,5-dioxo-1-pyrrolidinyl)-1,29-dioxo-4,7,10,13,16,19,22,25-octaoxa-28-azahentriacont-1-yl]-L-valyl-N-[4-[[[[(11S,11aS)-8-[[5-[[(11aS)-5,11a-dihydro-7-methoxy-2-methyl-5-oxo-1H-pyrrolo[2,1-c][1,4]benzodiazepin-8-yl]oxy]pentyl]oxy]-11,11a-dihydro-11-hydroxy-7-methoxy-2-methyl-5-oxo-1H-pyrrolo[2,1-c][1,4]benzodiazepin-10(5H)-yl]carbonyl]oxy]methyl]phenyl]-L-alaninamide

NEW DRUG APPROVALS
ONETIME
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Monoclonal antibody | |
---|---|
Type | Whole antibody |
Source | Humanized |
Target | CD19 |
Clinical data | |
Trade names | Zynlonta |
Other names | ADCT-402, loncastuximab tesirine-lpyl |
License data | US DailyMed: Loncastuximab_tesirine |
ATC code | None |
Legal status | |
Legal status | US: ℞-only [1] |
Identifiers | |
CAS Number | 1879918-31-6 |
DrugBank | DB16222 |
ChemSpider | none |
UNII | 7K5O7P6QIU |
KEGG | D11338 |
Chemical and physical data | |
Formula | C6544H10048N1718O2064S52 |
Molar mass | 147481.45 g·mol−1 |
NAME | DOSAGE | STRENGTH | ROUTE | LABELLER | MARKETING START | MARKETING END | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Zynlonta | Injection, powder, lyophilized, for solution | 5 mg/1mL | Intravenous | ADC Therapeutics America, Inc. | 2021-04-30 | Not applicable |
Loncastuximab tesirine-lpyl is a CD19-directed antibody and alkylating agent conjugate, consisting of a humanized IgG1 kappa monoclonal antibody conjugated to SG3199, a pyrrolobenzodiazepine (PBD) dimer cytotoxic alkylating agent, through a protease-cleavable valine–alanine linker. SG3199 attached to the linker is designated as SG3249, also known as tesirine.
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Loncastuximab tesirine-lpyl has an approximate molecular weight of 151 kDa. An average of 2.3 molecules of SG3249 are attached to each antibody molecule. Loncastuximab tesirine-lpyl is produced by chemical conjugation of the antibody and small molecule components. The antibody is produced by mammalian (Chinese hamster ovary) cells, and the small molecule components are produced by chemical synthesis.
ZYNLONTA (loncastuximab tesirine-lpyl) for injection is supplied as a sterile, white to off-white, preservative-free, lyophilized powder, which has a cake-like appearance, for intravenous infusion after reconstitution and dilution. Each single-dose vial delivers 10 mg of loncastuximab tesirine-lpyl, L-histidine (2.8 mg), L-histidine monohydrochloride (4.6 mg), polysorbate 20 (0.4 mg), and sucrose (119.8 mg). After reconstitution with 2.2 mL Sterile Water for Injection, USP, the final concentration is 5 mg/mL with a pH of approximately 6.0.
Loncastuximab tesirine , sold under the brand name Zynlonta, is used for the treatment of large B-cell lymphoma. It is an antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a humanized antibody targeting the protein CD19, which is expressed in a wide range of B cell hematological tumors.[2] The experimental drug, developed by ADC Therapeutics is being tested in clinical trials for the treatment of B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) and B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).
On April 23, 2021, the Food and Drug Administration granted accelerated approval to loncastuximab tesirine-lpyl (Zynlonta, ADC Therapeutics SA), a CD19-directed antibody and alkylating agent conjugate, for adult patients with relapsed or refractory large B-cell lymphoma after two or more lines of systemic therapy, including diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) not otherwise specified, DLBCL arising from low grade lymphoma, and high-grade B-cell lymphoma.
Approval was based on LOTIS-2 (NCT03589469), an open-label, single-arm trial in 145 adult patients with relapsed or refractory DLBCL or high-grade B-cell lymphoma after at least two prior systemic regimens. Patients received loncastuximab tesirine-lpyl 0.15 mg/kg every 3 weeks for 2 cycles, then 0.075 mg/kg every 3 weeks for subsequent cycles. Patients received treatment until progressive disease or unacceptable toxicity.
The main efficacy outcome measure was overall response rate (ORR), as assessed by an independent review committee using Lugano 2014 criteria. The ORR was 48.3% (95% CI: 39.9, 56.7) with a complete response rate of 24.1% (95% CI: 17.4, 31.9). After a median follow-up of 7.3 months, median response duration was 10.3 months (95% CI: 6.9, NE). Of the 70 patients who achieved objective responses, 36% were censored for response duration prior to 3 months.
Most common (≥20%) adverse reactions in patients receiving loncastuximab tesirine-lpyl, including laboratory abnormalities, are thrombocytopenia, increased gamma-glutamyltransferase, neutropenia, anemia, hyperglycemia, transaminase elevation, fatigue, hypoalbuminemia, rash, edema, nausea, and musculoskeletal pain.
The prescribing information provides warnings and precautions for adverse reactions including edema and effusions, myelosuppression, infections, and cutaneous reactions.
The recommended loncastuximab tesirine-lpyl dosage is 0.15 mg/kg every 3 weeks for 2 cycles, then 0.075 mg/kg every 3 weeks for subsequent cycles, by intravenous infusion over 30 minutes on day 1 of each cycle (every 3 weeks). Patients should be premedicated with dexamethasone 4 mg orally or intravenously twice daily for 3 days beginning the day before loncastuximab tesirine-lpyl.
Technology
The humanized monoclonal antibody is stochastically conjugated via a valine-alanine cleavable, maleimide linker to a cytotoxic (anticancer) pyrrolobenzodiazepine (PBD) dimer. The antibody binds to CD19, a protein which is highly expressed on the surface of B-cell hematological tumors[3] including certain forms of lymphomas and leukemias. After binding to the tumor cells the antibody is internalized, the cytotoxic drug PBD is released and the cancer cells are killed. PBD dimers are generated out of PBD monomers, a class of natural products produced by various actinomycetes. PBD dimers work by crosslinking specific sites of the DNA, blocking the cancer cells’ division that cause the cells to die. As a class of DNA-crosslinking agents they are significantly more potent than systemic chemotherapeutic drugs.[4]
Clinical trials
Two phase I trials are evaluating the drug in patients with relapsed or refractory B-cell non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma and relapsed or refractory B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia.[5] At the 14th International Conference on Malignant Lymphoma interim results from a Phase I, open-label, dose-escalating study designed to evaluate the treatment of loncastuximab tesirine in relapsed or refractory non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma were presented.[6] Among the patients enrolled at the time of the data cutoff the overall response rate was 61% in the total patient population (42% complete response and 19% partial response) and in patients with relapsing or refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) the overall response rate was 57% (43% complete response and 14% partial response).[7][8]
Orphan drug designation
Loncastuximab tesirine was granted Orphan Drug Designation by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and mantle cell lymphoma.[9]
References
- ^ https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2021/761196s000lbl.pdf
- ^ WHO Drug Information: International Nonproprietary Names for Pharmaceutical Substances
- ^ Wang K, Wei G, Liu D (November 2012). “CD19: a biomarker for B cell development, lymphoma diagnosis and therapy”. Experimental Hematology & Oncology. 1 (1): 36. doi:10.1186/2162-3619-1-36. PMC 3520838. PMID 23210908.
- ^ “Pyrrolobenzodiazepine”. ADC Review.
- ^ Clinical trial number NCT02669017 for “ADCT-402 in B-NHL” at ClinicalTrials.gov
- ^ Kahl B, Hamadani M, Caimi PF, Reid EG, Havenith K, He S, Feingold JM, O’Connor O (June 2017). “First clinical results of ADCT‐402, a novel pyrrolobenzodiazepine-based antibody drug conjugate (ADC), in relapsed/refractory B‐cell linage NHL” (PDF). Hematol Oncol. 35 (S2): 49–51. doi:10.1002/hon.2437_33.
- ^ “First clinical results of ADCT-402”. ADC Review.
- ^ Bainbridge K. “Grandfather fighting deadly cancer reveals scans of tumors after testing new drug”. Mirror.
- ^ “ADCT-402 Orphan Drug Designation” (PDF). ADC Therapeutics press release.
External links
- “Loncastuximab tesirine”. Drug Information Portal. U.S. National Library of Medicine.
/////////Loncastuximab tesirine, FDA 2021, APPROVALS 2021, ZYNLONTA, ロンカスツキシマブテシリン, ORPHAN DRUG, ADCT-402, priority review, ADCX 19
Dostarlimab
(Heavy chain)
EVQLLESGGG LVQPGGSLRL SCAASGFTFS SYDMSWVRQA PGKGLEWVST ISGGGSYTYY
QDSVKGRFTI SRDNSKNTLY LQMNSLRAED TAVYYCASPY YAMDYWGQGT TVTVSSASTK
GPSVFPLAPC SRSTSESTAA LGCLVKDYFP EPVTVSWNSG ALTSGVHTFP AVLQSSGLYS
LSSVVTVPSS SLGTKTYTCN VDHKPSNTKV DKRVESKYGP PCPPCPAPEF LGGPSVFLFP
PKPKDTLMIS RTPEVTCVVV DVSQEDPEVQ FNWYVDGVEV HNAKTKPREE QFNSTYRVVS
VLTVLHQDWL NGKEYKCKVS NKGLPSSIEK TISKAKGQPR EPQVYTLPPS QEEMTKNQVS
LTCLVKGFYP SDIAVEWESN GQPENNYKTT PPVLDSDGSF FLYSRLTVDK SRWQEGNVFS
CSVMHEALHN HYTQKSLSLS LGK
(Light chain)
DIQLTQSPSF LSAYVGDRVT ITCKASQDVG TAVAWYQQKP GKAPKLLIYW ASTLHTGVPS
RFSGSGSGTE FTLTISSLQP EDFATYYCQH YSSYPWTFGQ GTKLEIKRTV AAPSVFIFPP
SDEQLKSGTA SVVCLLNNFY PREAKVQWKV DNALQSGNSQ ESVTEQDSKD STYSLSSTLT
LSKADYEKHK VYACEVTHQG LSSPVTKSFN RGEC
(Disulfide bridge: H22-H96, H130-L214, H143-H199, H222-H’222, H225-H’225, H257-H317, H363-H421, H’22-H’96, H’130-L’214, H’143-H’199, H’257-H’317, H’363-H’421, L23-L88, L134-L194, L’23-L’88, L’194-L’134)
>Heavy Chain EVQLLESGGGLVQPGGSLRLSCAASGFTFSSYDMSWVRQAPGKGLEWVSTISGGGSYTYY QDSVKGRFTISRDNSKNTLYLQMNSLRAEDTAVYYCASPYYAMDYWGQGTTVTVSSASTK GPSVFPLAPCSRSTSESTAALGCLVKDYFPEPVTVSWNSGALTSGVHTFPAVLQSSGLYS LSSVVTVPSSSLGTKTYTCNVDHKPSNTKVDKRVESKYGPPCPPCPAPEFLGGPSVFLFP PKPKDTLMISRTPEVTCVVVDVSQEDPEVQFNWYVDGVEVHNAKTKPREEQFNSTYRVVS VLTVLHQDWLNGKEYKCKVSNKGLPSSIEKTISKAKGQPREPQVYTLPPSQEEMTKNQVS LTCLVKGFYPSDIAVEWESNGQPENNYKTTPPVLDSDGSFFLYSRLTVDKSRWQEGNVFS CSVMHEALHNHYTQKSLSLSLGK
>Light Chain DIQLTQSPSFLSAYVGDRVTITCKASQDVGTAVAWYQQKPGKAPKLLIYWASTLHTGVPS RFSGSGSGTEFTLTISSLQPEDFATYYCQHYSSYPWTFGQGTKLEIKRTVAAPSVFIFPP SDEQLKSGTASVVCLLNNFYPREAKVQWKVDNALQSGNSQESVTEQDSKDSTYSLSSTLT LSKADYEKHKVYACEVTHQGLSSPVTKSFNRGEC
References:
- Statement on a Nonproprietary Name Adopted by the USAN Council: Dostarlimab [Link]
Dostarlimab
Immunoglobulin G4, anti-(programmed cell death protein 1 (PDCD1)) (humanized clone ABT1 γ4-chain), disulfide with humanized clone ABT1 κ-chain, dimer
Protein Sequence
Sequence Length: 1314, 443, 443, 214, 214multichain; modified (modifications unspecified)
- GSK-4057190
- GSK4057190
- TSR 042
- TSR-042
- WBP-285
- ANB 011
Formula | C6420H9832N1680O2014S44 |
---|---|
CAS | 2022215-59-2 |
Mol weight | 144183.6677 |
Jemperli FDA 2021/4/22 AND EMA 2021/4/21

NEW DRUG APPROVALS
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$10.00
Dostarlimab, sold under the brand name Jemperli, is a monoclonal antibody medication used for the treatment of endometrial cancer.[1][2][3][4]
The most common adverse reactions (≥20%) were fatigue/asthenia, nausea, diarrhea, anemia, and constipation.[1][2] The most common grade 3 or 4 adverse reactions (≥2%) were anemia and transaminases increased.[1][2]
Dostarlimab is a programmed death receptor-1 (PD-1)–blocking antibody.[1][2]
Dostarlimab was approved for medical use in the United States in April 2021.[1][2][5]
NAME | DOSAGE | STRENGTH | ROUTE | LABELLER | MARKETING START | MARKETING END | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Jemperli | Injection | 50 mg/1mL | Intravenous | GlaxoSmithKline LLC | 2021-04-22 | Not applicable |
Medical uses
Dostarlimab is indicated for the treatment of adults with mismatch repair deficient (dMMR) recurrent or advanced endometrial cancer, as determined by an FDA-approved test, that has progressed on or following prior treatment with a platinum-containing regimen.[1][2]
On April 22, 2021, the Food and Drug Administration granted accelerated approval to dostarlimab-gxly (Jemperli, GlaxoSmithKline LLC) for adult patients with mismatch repair deficient (dMMR) recurrent or advanced endometrial cancer, as determined by an FDA-approved test, that has progressed on or following a prior platinum-containing regimen.
Efficacy was evaluated based on cohort (A1) in GARNET Trial (NCT02715284), a multicenter, multicohort, open-label trial in patients with advanced solid tumors. The efficacy population consisted of 71 patients with dMMR recurrent or advanced endometrial cancer who progressed on or after a platinum-containing regimen. Patients received dostarlimab-gxly, 500 mg intravenously, every 3 weeks for 4 doses followed by 1,000 mg intravenously every 6 weeks.
The main efficacy endpoints were overall response rate (ORR) and duration of response (DOR), as assessed by blinded independent central review (BICR) according to RECIST 1.1. Confirmed ORR was 42.3% (95% CI: 30.6%, 54.6%). The complete response rate was 12.7% and partial response rate was 29.6%. Median DOR was not reached, with 93.3% of patients having durations ≥6 months (range: 2.6 to 22.4 months, ongoing at last assessment).
Serious adverse reactions occurred in 34% of patients receiving dostarlimab-gxly. Serious adverse reactions in >2% of patients included sepsis , acute kidney injury , urinary tract infection , abdominal pain , and pyrexia . The most common adverse reactions (≥20%) were fatigue/asthenia, nausea, diarrhea, anemia, and constipation. The most common grade 3 or 4 adverse reactions (≥2%) were anemia and transaminases increased. Immune-mediated adverse reactions can occur including pneumonitis, colitis, hepatitis, endocrinopathies, and nephritis.
The recommended dostarlimab-gxly dose and schedule (doses 1 through 4) is 500 mg every 3 weeks. Subsequent dosing, beginning 3 weeks after dose 4, is 1,000 mg every 6 weeks until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Dostarlimab-gxly should be administered as an intravenous infusion over 30 minutes.
View full prescribing information for Jemperli.
This indication is approved under accelerated approval based on tumor response rate and durability of response. Continued approval for this indication may be contingent upon verification and description of clinical benefit in a confirmatory trial(s).
FDA also approved the VENTANA MMR RxDx Panel as a companion diagnostic device for selecting endometrial cancer patients for treatment with dostarlimab-gxly.
This review used the Real-Time Oncology Review (RTOR) pilot program, which streamlined data submission prior to the filing of the entire clinical application, and the Assessment Aid, a voluntary submission from the applicant to facilitate the FDA’s assessment.
This application was granted priority review, and breakthrough therapy designation. A description of FDA expedited programs is in the Guidance for Industry: Expedited Programs for Serious Conditions-Drugs and Biologics.
Side effects
Serious adverse reactions in >2% of patients included sepsis, acute kidney injury, urinary tract infection, abdominal pain, and pyrexia.[1][2]
Immune-mediated adverse reactions can occur including pneumonitis, colitis, hepatitis, endocrinopathies, and nephritis.[1][2]
History
Like several other available and experimental monoclonal antibodies, it is a PD-1 inhibitor. As of 2020, it is undergoing Phase I/II and Phase III clinical trials.[6][7][8] The manufacturer, Tesaro, announced prelimary successful results from the Phase I/II GARNET study.[6][9][10]
In 2020, the GARNET study announced that Dostarlimab was demonstrating potential to treat a subset of women with recurrent or advanced endometrial cancer.[11]
April 2021, Dostarlimab is approved for the treatment of recurrent or advanced endometrial cancer with deficient mismatch repair (dMMR), which are genetic anomalies abnormalities that disrupt DNA repair.[12]
On April 22, 2021, the Food and Drug Administration granted accelerated approval to dostarlimab-gxly (Jemperli, GlaxoSmithKline LLC).[1] Efficacy was evaluated based on cohort (A1) in GARNET Trial (NCT02715284), a multicenter, multicohort, open-label trial in patients with advanced solid tumors.[1]
Society and culture
Legal status
On 25 February 2021, the Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use (CHMP) of the European Medicines Agency (EMA) adopted a positive opinion, recommending the granting of a conditional marketing authorization for the medicinal product Jemperli, intended for the treatment of certain types of recurrent or advanced endometrial cancer.[13] The applicant for this medicinal product is GlaxoSmithKline (Ireland) Limited.[13]
References[
- ^ Jump up to:a b c d e f g h i j k “FDA grants accelerated approval to dostarlimab-gxly for dMMR endometri”. U.S. Food and Drug Administration(FDA) (Press release). 22 April 2021. Retrieved 22 April 2021.
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- ^ Jump up to:a b c d e f g h i “Jemperli- dostarlimab injection”. DailyMed. Retrieved 28 April 2021.
- ^ Statement On A Nonproprietary Name Adopted By The USAN Council – Dostarlimab, American Medical Association.
- ^ World Health Organization (2018). “International Nonproprietary Names for Pharmaceutical Substances (INN). Proposed INN: List 119” (PDF). WHO Drug Information. 32 (2).
- ^ “FDA grants accelerated approval for GSK’s Jemperli (dostarlimab-gxly) for women with recurrent or advanced dMMR endometrial cancer” (Press release). GlaxoSmithKline. 22 April 2021. Retrieved 22 April 2021 – via PR Newswire.
- ^ Jump up to:a b Clinical trial number NCT02715284 for “A Phase 1 Dose Escalation and Cohort Expansion Study of TSR-042, an Anti-PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody, in Patients With Advanced Solid Tumors (GARNET)” at ClinicalTrials.gov
- ^ Clinical trial number NCT03981796 for “A Study of Dostarlimab (TSR-042) Plus Carboplatin-paclitaxel Versus Placebo Plus Carboplatin-paclitaxel in Patients With Recurrent or Primary Advanced Endometrial Cancer (RUBY)” at ClinicalTrials.gov
- ^ Clinical trial number NCT03602859 for “A Phase 3 Comparison of Platinum-Based Therapy With TSR-042 and Niraparib Versus Standard of Care Platinum-Based Therapy as First-Line Treatment of Stage III or IV Nonmucinous Epithelial Ovarian Cancer (FIRST)” at ClinicalTrials.gov
- ^ “Data from GARNET study indicates robust activity of dostarlimab in patients with advanced or recurrent endometrial cancer”. Tesaro (Press release). Retrieved 1 January 2020.
- ^ Scalea B (28 May 2019). “Dostarlimab Effective in Endometrial Cancer Regardless of MSI Status”. Targeted Oncology. Retrieved 1 January 2020.
- ^ “GSK Presents New Data from the GARNET Study Demonstrating Potential of Dostarlimab to Treat a Subset of Women with Recurrent or Advanced Endometrial Cancer – Drugs.com MedNews”. Drugs.com. Retrieved 29 April 2020.
- ^ “FDA Approves New Immunotherapy for Endometrial Cancer”. Medscape. Retrieved 23 April 2021.
- ^ Jump up to:a b “Jemperli: Pending EC decision”. European Medicines Agency (EMA) (Press release). 25 February 2021. Retrieved 22 April 2021.
External links
- “Dostarlimab”. Drug Information Portal. U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- Clinical trial number NCT02715284 for “Study of TSR-042, an Anti-programmed Cell Death-1 Receptor (PD-1) Monoclonal Antibody, in Participants With Advanced Solid Tumors (GARNET)” at ClinicalTrials.gov
- Kaplon H, Muralidharan M, Schneider Z, Reichert JM: Antibodies to watch in 2020. MAbs. 2020 Jan-Dec;12(1):1703531. doi: 10.1080/19420862.2019.1703531. [Article]
- Temrikar ZH, Suryawanshi S, Meibohm B: Pharmacokinetics and Clinical Pharmacology of Monoclonal Antibodies in Pediatric Patients. Paediatr Drugs. 2020 Apr;22(2):199-216. doi: 10.1007/s40272-020-00382-7. [Article]
- Green AK, Feinberg J, Makker V: A Review of Immune Checkpoint Blockade Therapy in Endometrial Cancer. Am Soc Clin Oncol Educ Book. 2020 Mar;40:1-7. doi: 10.1200/EDBK_280503. [Article]
- Deshpande M, Romanski PA, Rosenwaks Z, Gerhardt J: Gynecological Cancers Caused by Deficient Mismatch Repair and Microsatellite Instability. Cancers (Basel). 2020 Nov 10;12(11). pii: cancers12113319. doi: 10.3390/cancers12113319. [Article]
- FDA Approved Drug Products: Jemperli (dostarlimab-gxly) for intravenous injection [Link]
- FDA News Release: FDA grants accelerated approval to dostarlimab-gxly for dMMR endometrial cancer [Link]
- Statement on a Nonproprietary Name Adopted by the USAN Council: Dostarlimab [Link]
Monoclonal antibody | |
---|---|
Type | Whole antibody |
Source | Humanized |
Target | PCDP1 |
Clinical data | |
Trade names | Jemperli |
Other names | TSR-042, WBP-285, dostarlimab-gxly |
License data | US DailyMed: Dostarlimab |
Routes of administration | Intravenous |
Drug class | Antineoplastic |
ATC code | L01XC40 (WHO) |
Legal status | |
Legal status | US: ℞-only [1][2] |
Identifiers | |
CAS Number | 2022215-59-2 |
PubChem SID | 384585344 |
DrugBank | DB15627 |
UNII | P0GVQ9A4S5 |
KEGG | D11366 |
Chemical and physical data | |
Formula | C6420H9832N1690O2014S44 |
Molar mass | 144325.73 g·mol−1 |
/////////Dostarlimab, PEPTIDE, ANTINEOPLASTIC, CANCER, ドスタルリマブ , GSK 4057190, GSK4057190, TSR 042, TSR-042, WBP-285, FDA 2021, EU 2021