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MAVORIXAFOR

April 19, 2023 3:14 am / Leave a comment

MAVORIXAFOR

AMD 070

N1-(1H-BENZIMIDAZOL-2-YLMETHYL)-N1-((S)-5,6,7,8-TETRAHYDROQUINOLIN-8-YL)-BUTANE-1,4-DIAMINE

fda approved 4/26/2024, To treat WHIM syndrome (warts, hypogammaglobulinemia, infections and myelokathexis), Xolremdi

Mavorixafor (AMD-070) is a potent, selective and orally available CXCR4 antagonist, with an IC₅₀ value of 13 nM against CXCR4 ¹²⁵I-SDF binding, and also inhibits the replication of T-tropic HIV-1 (NL4.3 strain) in MT-4 cells and PBMCs with an IC₅₀ of 1 and 9 nM, respectively.

Molecular Weight	349.47
Appearance	Solid
Formula	C₂₁H₂₇N₅
CAS No.	558447-26-0
SMILES	NCCCCN(CC1=NC2=C(N1)C=CC=C2)[C@@H]3C4=C(CCC3)C=CC=N4

PHASE 2

Mavorixafor trihydrochloride

Molecular Weight	458.86
Appearance	Solid
Formula	C₂₁H₃₀Cl₃N₅
CAS No.	2309699-17-8
SMILES	[H]Cl.[H]Cl.[H]Cl.NCCCCN(CC1=NC2=CC=CC=C2N1)[C@@H]3C4=NC=CC=C4CCC3

AMD-070 is a small molecule drug candidate that belongs to a new investigational class of anti-HIV drugs known as entry (fusion) inhibitors. Approximately 76% of HIV-patients with measurable viral load are infected with a strain of virus that is resistant to one or more classes of antiretroviral agents, thus reducing treatment options. Unlike many existing HIV drugs that target the virus after it has infected a healthy cell, AMD-070 blocks the virus from entering a healthy cell, thus preventing the replication process. AMD-070 targets the CXCR4 receptor on HIV and prevents the virus from entering and infecting healthy cells. AMD-070 is specific for the CXCR4 receptor and does not interact with any other chemokine receptors in vitro. AMD-070 strongly inhibits viral infection by all CXCR4 using virus (including virus using CXCR4 alone and/or virus using CXCR4 and CCR5) in vitro. AMD-070 is orally bioavailable in animals, it has suitable PK and toxicity profile for oral dosing. AMD-070 shows additive or synergistic effects in vitro in combination with other known anti-HIV agents. AMD-070 is active against CXCR4 using HIV strains that are resistant to existing antiretroviral therapies in vitro, reveals potent anti-HIV activity against CXCR4-using laboratory strains and clinical isolates. MD-070 had been in phase II clinical trials by Genzyme for the treatment of HIV infection. However, this research has been discontinued. AMD-070 has been studied in Phase I/II clinical trials for the treatment of Renal cell carcinoma and Phase I clinical trials for the treatment of malignant melanoma and solid tumours.

PAPER

https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.oprd.2c00076

Org. Process Res. Dev. 2022, 26, 6, 1831–1836

A novel and practical synthesis of mavorixafor (1) is reported. The novelty of this synthetic route is the use of 8-chloro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydroquinoline (9) and 1,4-diaminobutane as the materials, instead of 8-amino-5,6,7,8-tetrahydroquinoline (4) and N,N-diprotected aminobutyraldehyde (6a or 6b). The preparation of (S)-8-(4-aminobutylamino)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydroquinoline (13) by resolution with N-acetyl-l-leucine was first achieved. Then the one-pot synthesis of 1 from 13 involving protection, condensation, and subsequent hydrolysis was successfully developed. In addition, the final product with a satisfactory purity (>99.5%, detected by both achiral and chiral HPLC) was obtained by a simple operation (salification) without column chromatographic purification.

NEW PAT

https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=WO2023059903&_gid=202315

Scheme I

Mavorixafor

EXEMPLIFICATION

Example 1: Synthesis of Sulfonate adduct F-2d:

Scheme V:

1) AcOH, NaCI, water 1) Na ₂ S ₂ O ₅ , THF, water

2) n-Heptane, THF 2) THF/n-heptane, acetonitrile

Step 1C Step 1 D

Step 1A: Preparation of Dl

Charge diethyl-4-aminobutyl acetal (E) (1.00 wt, 1.00 eq) to vessel A. Charge acetonitrile (10.0 vol, 7.8 wt) and adjust temperature to 20°C. Heat the mixture to 40°C. Concentrate the reaction mixture to 6.0 vol under reduced pressure at 35 to 45°C.

[0098] Acetonitrile filler (5.0 vol, 3.9wt) at 35 to 45°C. Concentrate the reaction mixture to 6.0 vol under reduced pressure 35 to 45°C. This step is repeated once as described below.

[0099] Acetonitrile filler (5.0 vol, 3.9wt) at 35 to 45°C. Concentrate the reaction mixture to 6.0 vol under reduced pressure at 35 to 45°C. Cool to 20°C.

[00100] Charge di-tert-butyl dicarbonate (1.1 eq, 1.5 wt) to a drum, followed by acetonitrile (0.4 vol, 0.3 wt) and agitate until fully dissolved. Concentrate the reaction mixture to 6.0 vol under reduced pressure at 35 to 45°C.

[00101] Charge this di-tert-butyl dicarbonate solution in acetonitrile to vessel A maintaining 20°C. Charge acetonitrile (1.5 vol, 1.1 wt) to the solution as a line rinse and stir at 20°C for 30 to 60 min..

[00102] Charge 4-dimethylaminopyridine (0.076 wt, 0.10 eq) to the vessel A at 20°C. Heat the solution to 40°C. Concentrate the reaction mixture to 5.0 vol under reduced pressure. Charge acetonitrile (5.0 vol, 3.9 wt) to the solution. Concentrate the reaction mixture to 5.0 vol under reduced pressure.

[00103] Take the resulting solution of Dl into next reaction without isolation.

Step IB: Preparation of Cl

[00104] Charge acetonitrile (2.0 vol, 1.6 wt) at 35 to 45°C to vessel A containing solution of D-1 from Step 1A.

[00105] Charge di-tert-butyl dicarbonate (1.4 eq, 1.9 wt) to a drum, followed by acetonitrile (10.0 vol, 7.8 wt) and agitate until fully dissolved. Charge this di-tert-butyl dicarbonate solution to vessel A, 2 to 6 h while distilling under vacuum at 35 to 45°C maintaining the volume of the reaction at 7.0 vol. Load acetonitrile (3.0 vol, 2.4 wt) over 20 to 40 min. as a line rinse while distilling under vacuum at 35 to 45°C, maintaining the volume of the reaction at 7.0 vol.

[00106] Charge di-tert-butyl dicarbonate, (0.14 eq, 0.19 wt) to a drum, followed by acetonitrile (1.0 vol, 0.74 wt) and agitate until fully dissolved. Charge this di-tert-butyl dicarbonate solution to vessel A over 20 to 40 min.. Charge acetonitrile (0.3 vol, 0.24 wt) over 10 to 20 min as a line rinse while distilling under vacuum at 35 to 45°C, maintaining the volume of the reaction at 7.0 vol.

[00107] Concentrate the reaction mixture to 5.0 vol distilling under vacuum at 35 to 45°C.

[00108] Charge n-heptane, (7.5 vol, 5.1 wt) to the reaction mixture, and concentrate the reaction mixture to 5.0 vol under reduced pressure at 40°C. This step is repeated once as described below.

[00109] Charge n-heptane, (7.5 vol, 5.1 wt) to the reaction mixture, and concentrate the reaction mixture to 5.0 vol under reduced pressure at 40°C.

[00110] Charge decolorizing, activated charcoal (0.2 wt) to the solution and stir for 1 to 2 h at 40°C. Filter the reaction mixture at 40°C. Charge n-heptane, (2.0 vol, 1.4 wt) to the reactor vessel and stir for 5 to 15 min. at 20°C before charging to the filter as a line rinse. Combine the filtrate and wash, and as required adjust to 20°C.

[00111] Take the resulting solution of Cl into next reaction without isolation.

Step 1C: Preparation of Bl

[00112] Charge 15% v/v acetic acid (2.0 vol) caution gas evolution, to vessel A containing solution of Cl from Step IB, maintaining the temperature at 20°C and stir for 10 min. at 20°C. Allow the phases to separate for 15 min. at 20°C. Discharge the aqueous phase to waste, retaining the organic phase in vessel A. This step is repeated once as described below.

[00113] Charge 15% v/v acetic acid (2.0 vol) maintaining 20°C and stir for 10 min. at 20°C. Allow the phases to separate for 15 min. at 20°C. Discharge the aqueous phase to waste, retaining the organic phase in vessel A.

[00114] Adjust the reaction to 30°C. Charge 4% w/w sodium chloride solution (2.1 vol) to the vessel maintaining the temperature at 30°C. Charge glacial acetic acid (4.1 vol, 4.3 wt) to the vessel maintaining 30°C. Stir the reaction mixture for 2 h maintaining the temperature at 30°C.

[00115] Charge purified water, (6.0 vol) at 30°C. Stir the contents for 5 to 10 min. at 30°C, and separate the phases, retaining the upper organic phase in vessel A. Charge the lower aqueous phase to vessel B.

[00116] Charge purified water (4.0 vol) at 30°C and stir for 5 to 10 min. maintaining the temperature at 30°C. Separate the phases at 30°C, retaining the upper organic phase in vessel A. Charge the lower aqueous phase to vessel B.

[00117] Adjust the temperature to 30°C of vessel B containing combined aqueous phases. Charge n-heptane, (2.0 vol, 1.4 wt) to vessel B and stir for 5 to 10 min. maintaining the temperature at 30°C. Separate the phases at 30°C, over 15 min.. Charge the upper organic phase to vessel A and recharge the lower aqueous phase to vessel B. This step is repeated two additional times as described below.

[00118] Charge n-heptane, (2.0 vol, 1.4 wt) to vessel B and stir for 5 to 10 min. maintaining the temperature at 30°C. Separate the phases at 30°C, over 15 min.. Charge the upper organic phase to vessel A and recharge the lower aqueous phase to vessel B.

[00119] Charge n-heptane, (2.0 vol, 1.4 wt) to vessel B and stir for 5 to 10 min. maintaining the temperature at 30°C. Separate the phases at 30°C, over 15 min., discharge the lower aqueous phase to waste and charge the upper organic layer to vessel A.

[00120] Concentrate the combined organic phases in vessel A to 3.0 vol at 10 to 20°C under reduced pressure. Offload the solution to new HDPE drum(s) and line rinse with n-heptane (0.5

vol, 0.4 wt) at 20°C. Homogenize the drum and store as “Bl solution in n-heptane,” and take into next reaction without isolation.

Step ID: Preparation of F-2d

[00121] Calculate a new 1.00 wt based on the above assay.

[00122] Charge “Bl solution in n-heptane” from Step 1C (1.00 wt, 1.00 eq, corrected for w/w assay, ca. 3.0 vol), into an appropriate vessel. THF load (3.0 vol, 2.7 wt). Heat the reaction mixture to 40°C.

[00123] Charge purified water, (0.02 vol, 0.02 wt) followed by sodium metabisulphite, (0.125 eq, 0.08 wt) as a solid via the charge hole at 40°C. Stir the resulting mixture for 30 to 35 min. at 40°C. This step was repeated four additional times to add the reagent in five portions total, as detailed below.

[00124] Charge purified water, (0.02 vol, 0.02 wt) followed by sodium metabisulphite, (0.125 eq, 0.08 wt) as a solid via the charge hole at 40°C. Stir the resulting mixture for 30 to 35 min. at 40°C.

[00125] Charge purified water, (0.02 vol, 0.02 wt) followed by sodium metabisulphite, (0.125 eq, 0.08 wt) as a solid via the charge hole at 40°C. Stir the resulting mixture for 30 to 35 min. at 40°C.

[00126] Charge purified water, (0.02 vol, 0.02 wt) followed by sodium metabisulphite, (0.125 eq, 0.08 wt) as a solid via the charge hole at 40°C. Stir the resulting mixture for 30 to 35 min. at 40°C.

[00127] Charge purified water, (0.02 vol, 0.02 wt) followed by sodium metabisulphite, (0.125 eq, 0.08 wt) as a solid via the charge hole at 40°C. Stir the resulting mixture for 36 hours at 40°C.

[00128] Cool the reaction mixture to 20°C over 3 to 4 h at a target constant rate. Filter the reaction mixture at 20°C on a 1-2 pm cloth.

[00129] Wash the solid with a pre-mixed mixture of THF (0.5 vol, 0.5 wt) and n-heptane (0.5 vol, 0.3 wt) maintaining the temperature at 20°C. This step was repeated an additional three times, as detailed below.

[00130] Wash the solid with n-heptane, (2.0 vol, 1.4 wt) as a line rinse and apply to the filtercake at 20°C.

[00131] Wash the solid with n-heptane, (2.0 vol, 1.4 wt) as a line rinse and apply to the filtercake at 20°C.

[00132] Wash the solid with acetonitrile, (2.0 vol, 1.6 wt) as a line rinse and apply to the filtercake at 20°C.

[00133] Dry the solid at 38°C under a flow of nitrogen for 12 h.

[00134] Determine residual solvent content. Pass criteria acetonitrile <2.0% w/w, n-heptane <2.0% w/w and tetrahydrofuran <2.0% w/w.

[00135] Yield of compound F-2d: 52-69%.

[00136] ‘H NMR (400 MHz, d ₆ -DMSO): 8 5.22 (s, 1H), 3.77 (s, 1H), 3.45 (t, 2H), 1.70 (m, 2H), 1.44 (m, 20H) ). ¹³ C NMR (400 MHz, d ₆ -DMSO): 8 152.6, 83.2, 82.0, 46.5, 29.6, 28.1, 26.0. FTIR (wavenumber, cm’ ¹ ) 3294, 1721, 1738, 1367, 1233, 1180, 1135, 1109, 1045.

Example 2: Synthesis of F-3a:

Scheme VI:

Step 2A: Preparation of Gl

[00137] Charge J, (1.00 wt, 1.00 eq) to vessel A. Charge purified water, (1.0 vol, 1.0 wt) to vessel A and as necessary adjust the temperature to 20°C. Charge concentrated hydrochloric acid, (4.0 eq, 3.0 vol, 3.6 wt) to vessel A maintaining the temperature at 20°C. Line rinse with purified water, (0.5 vol, 0.5 wt) maintaining the contents of vessel A at 15 to 25°C.

[00138] Charge chloroacetic acid, (1.3 wt, 1.5 eq) and purified water, (1.0 vol, 1.0 wt) to vessel B and as necessary, adjust the temperature to 20°C. Stir until fully dissolved, expected 10 to 20 min.

[00139] Charge the chloroacetic acid solution to vessel A maintaining the temperature of vessel A at 20°C. Line rinse vessel A with purified water, (0.5 vol, 0.5 wt) at 15 to 25°C and charge to vessel B at 20°C. Heat the reaction mixture to 80°C. Stir the reaction mixture at 80°C for 20 h.

[00140] Cool the reaction mixture to 10°C over 1.5 h. Load 47% w/w potassium phosphate solution (6.0 vol) over 60 min. targeting a constant rate maintaining 10°C. Adjust the pH of the reaction mixture by charging 47% w/w potassium phosphate solution to pH 7.0 maintaining the reaction temperature at 10°C. Expected charge is 2.0 to 3.5 vol 47% w/w potassium phosphate solution.

[00141] Stir the slurry for >30 min. maintaining 10°C and rechecking the pH, pass criterion pH 7.0. Filter the reaction mixture through 20 pm cloth at 10°C. Wash the filter-cake with purified water, (1.0 vol, 1.0 wt) at 10°C. This step is repeated additional three times as described below.

[00142] Slurry wash the filter-cake in the reactor vessel with purified water, (10.0 vol, 10.0 wt) for 45 min. to 90 min. at 10°C. Filter the mixture through 20 pm cloth at 10°C.

[00143] Slurry wash the filter-cake in the reactor vessel with purified water, (10.0 vol, 10.0 wt) for 45 min. to 90 min. at 10°C. Filter the mixture through 20 pm cloth at 10°C.

[00144] Slurry wash the filter-cake in the reactor vessel with purified water, (10.0 vol, 10.0 wt) for 45 min. to 90 min. at 10°C. Filter the mixture through 20 pm cloth at 10°C.

[00145] Wash the filter-cake with purified water, (1.0 vol, 1.0 wt) at 10°C. The filter-cake was washed with purified water additional five times as described below.

[00146] Wash the filter-cake with purified water, (1.0 vol, 1.0 wt) at 10°C.

[00147] Wash the filter-cake with acetonitrile, (2×1.3 vol, 2×1.0 wt) at 10°C.

[00148] Dry the filter-cake on the filter under vacuum and strong nitrogen flow through the filter cake at 20°C until the water content is <15.0% w/w by Karl-Fisher analysis.

[00149] Dry the filter-cake on the filter under vacuum and strong nitrogen flow through the filter cake at 30°C until the water content is <5.0% w/w by Karl-Fisher analysis.

[00150] Dry the filter-cake on the filter under vacuum and strong nitrogen flow through the filter cake at 50°C until the water content is <1.0% w/w by Karl-Fisher analysis.

[00151] Yield of compound Gl: about 75%.

Step 2B: Preparation of F-3a

Charge di-/c/7-butyl dicarbonate, (1.85 wt, 1.4 eq) to vessel A followed by N,N-dimethylformamide, (2.6 wt, 2.7 vol) and stir at 20°C for 20 min. until dissolution achieved. Add A,A-diisopropylethylamine, (0.08 wt, 0.11 vol, 0.1 eq) to contents of vessel A at 20°C. Heat the contents of vessel A to 40°C.

[00153] Charge Gl, (1.00 wt) to vessel B followed by YW-di methyl form am ide, (5.2 wt, 5.5 vol) and adjust to 14°C.

[00154] Charge the Gl/DMF solution from vessel B to vessel A over 5 h at 40°C, at an approximately constant rate. Line rinse with Y,Y-di methyl form am ide, (0.4 wt, 0.4 vol), maintaining vessel A at 40°C. Stir the resulting reaction mixture at 40°C for 16 h.

[00155] Charge decolorizing charcoal activated, (0.20 wt). Adjust the mixture to 40°C and stir at 40°C for 60 to 90 min..

[00156] Clarify (filter) the reaction mixture into vessel B at 40°C. Charge N,N-dimethylformamide, (0.9 wt, 1.0 vol) via vessel A and filter at 40°C. Charge purified water, (3.5 vol) to the combined filtrates, over 60 min., maintaining the temperature at 40°C. As required, cool the mixture to 35°C over 30 to 60 min..

[00157] Filler F-3a, (0.02 wt) as seed material at 35°C. Stir at 34°C for 1.5 h then check for crystallization. Cool slurry to 30°C over 40 min.

[00158] Filler F-3a, (0.02 wt) as seed material at 30°C. Stir at 30°C for 1.5 h then check for crystallization.

[00159] Cool slurry at 20°C over 3.5 h at a targeted constant rate. Stir at 20°C for 3 hours. Charge purified water, (1.0 vol), maintaining the temperature at 20°C over 60 min..

Stir at 20°C for 3 hours.

[00160] Cool slurry to 2°C over 2.5 h. Stir at 2°C for 2.5 hours. Filter through 20 pm cloth and pull dry until no further filtrate passes. Wash the solid with pre-mixed Y,Y-di methyl form am ide / purified water, (2.0 vol, 1:2 v:v) at 2°C. Wash the solid with purified water, (2 x 3.0 vol) at 2°C. Dry under vacuum at 28°C until KF <0.2% w/w, and Y,Y-di methyl form am ide <0.4% w/w.

[00161] Yield of compound F-3a: 62-70%.

Example 3: Synthesis of Mavorixafor:

Scheme VI:

nce

Step 3A: Preparation of imine Q-1

[00162] To vessel A charge purified water, (8.7 vol, 8.7 wt) followed by potassium phosphate, (5.52 eq, 5.3 wt) portion-wise and cool to 15°C. Charge tetrahydrofuran, (4.3 vol, 3.8 wt) and n-heptane, (2.2 vol, 1.5 wt) to vessel A and cool the biphasic mixture to 0°C. Charge Fl, (1.00 eq, 1.00 wt) to the vessel in 2 portions maintaining 0°C.

[00163] Charge F-2d, (1.10 eq, 1.95 wt) to the vessel in 4 portions maintaining 0°C, ensuring portions are spaced by 10 min.. Stir the resulting biphasic mixture for 1.5 h at 0°C. Allow the layers to separate for 45 min. at 0°C before separating the layers. Retain the upper organic phase within vessel A.

[00164] Take the resulting solution of Ql into next reaction without isolation.

Step 3B: Preparation of amine P-1

[00165] To vessel B, charge tetrahydrofuran, (6.0 vol, 5.3 wt) and adjust to 15°C. Charge zinc chloride, (1.5 eq, 0.92 wt) to vessel B in 4 portions, maintaining 10 to 30°C. Adjust the reaction mixture in vessel B to 15°C. Stir the mixture at 15°C for 1 hour. Charge sodium borohydride,(1.0 eq, 0.17 wt) to vessel B in 2 portions maintaining 15°C. Cool the reaction mixture in vessel B to 15°C. Stir the mixture for 1 hour maintaining 15°C. Cool the reaction mixture in vessel B to -5°C.

[00166] Cool the retained organic solution of Ql in vessel A, from Step 3A, to -5°C.

[00167] Charge the organic solution in vessel A into vessel B over 1 to 2 h maintaining -5°C. Charge tetrahydrofuran, (1.0 vol, 0.9 wt) to vessel A as a line rinse and adjust to -5°C. Transfer the contents of vessel A to vessel B maintaining -5°C.

[00168] Stir the resulting reaction mixture in vessel B for 1.5 h maintaining -5°C.

[00169] Charge purified water, (4.5 vol, 4.5 wt) and glacial acetic acid, (1.0 eq, 0.27 wt, 0.26 vol) to the cleaned vessel A and cool to 0°C. Charge the contents of vessel B to vessel A over 1 to 2 h maintaining 0°C. Charge tetrahydrofuran, (1.0 vol, 0.9 wt) to vessel B as a vessel rinse, cool to 0°C and transfer to vessel A maintaining 0°C.

[00170] Warm the resulting mixture in vessel A to 30°C. Stir the resulting mixture in vessel A at 30°C for 1 h. Allow the layers to settle for 15 min. at 30°C before separating the layers. Retain the upper organic phase.

[00171] Cool the retained organic phase to 15°C. Charge to the vessel 25% w/w ammonia solution (3.0 vol) at 10 to 30°C. Cool the reaction mixture to 20°C. Charge to the vessel 25% w/w ammonium chloride solution (3.0 vol) at 20°C and stir for 1 h. Separate the layers for 15 min. at 20°C, retain the upper organic phase. Wash the retained organic phase with 10% w/w sodium chloride solution (3.0 vol) at 20°C for 10 min.. Allow the layers to settle for 10 min. at 20°C before separating and retaining the upper organic phase within the vessel.

[00172] Charge tert-butyl methyl ether, (0.5 vol, 0.4 wt) to the organic phase. Cool the mixture to 5°C. Adjust the pH of the reaction mixture to pH 5 with hydrochloric acid aqueous solution (expected ca. 9.0 vol) over 1 h at a targeted constant rate at 5°C. Stir the mixture at 5°C for 45 min.. Measure the pH of the aqueous phase to confirm the value is pH 5.

[00173] Charge sodium chloride, (2.1 wt) to the reaction mixture at 5°C and stir the mixture until everything is dissolved. Adjust the temperature of the reaction mixture to 20°C. Separate the layers at 20°C and retain the organic phase within the vessel. Tetrahydrofuran charge, (1.5 vol, 1.3 wt) maintaining 20°C.

[00174] Charge to the vessel 24% w/w sodium chloride solution (7.5 vol) at 20°C and stir for 10 min.. Separate the layers at 20°C and retain the organic phase in the vessel. This step is repeated additional one more time as described below.

[00175] Charge to the vessel 24% w/w sodium chloride solution (7.5 vol) at 20°C and stir for 10 min.. Separate the layers at 20°C and retain the organic phase in the vessel.

[00176] Heat the retained organic phase to 35°C and concentrate the mixture to 6.0 vol under reduced pressure maintaining 35°C.

[00177] Tetrahydrofuran charge, (15.0 vol, 13.2 wt) maintaining 35°C. Concentrate the mixture to 6.0 vol under reduced pressure maintaining 35°C.

[00178] Tetrahydrofuran charge, (15.0 vol, 13.2 wt) maintaining 35°C. Concentrate the mixture to 11.0 vol under reduced pressure maintaining 35°C.

[00179] Cool the mixture to -5°C. Load tert-butyl methyl ether, (10.0 vol, 7.4 wt) over 1 h maintaining -5°C. Stir the mixture at -5°C for 1.5 hours. Filter the solid on 1 to 2 pm filter cloth at -5°C. Wash the solid with pre-mixed tetrahydrofuran, (1.9 vol, 1.7 wt) and tert-butyl methyl ether, (3.1 vol, 1.9 wt) at -5°C as a displacement wash.

[00180] Wash the solid with tert-butyl methyl ether, (5.0 vol, 3.7 wt) at -5°C.

[00181] Dry the solid on the filter under a flow of nitrogen at 23°C.

[00182] Yield of compound P-1: 76-87%.

Step 3C: Preparation of compound 0-1

[00183] Charge purified water, (2.0 vol, 2.0 wt) followed by potassium phosphate, (3.3 eq, 1.54 wt), carefully portion-wise, maintaining <15°C, to vessel A. Charge toluene, (4.5 vol, 3.9 wt) to the vessel maintaining <15°C. As necessary, adjust the temperature to 10°C.

[00184] Charge P-1, (1.00 eq, 1.00 wt) to the vessel in two portions maintaining 10°C. Stir the reaction mixture at 10°C for 15 min..

[00185] Load F-3a, (1.1 eq, 0.64 wt) in 4 equal portions ensuring portions are spaced by 10 min. at 10°C.

[00186] Tetrabutylammonium iodide (TBAI) filler (0.20 eq, 0.16 wt). Heat the reaction mixture to 40°C. Stir the reaction mixture at 40°C for 30 h.

[00187] Charge pre-mixed 2-mercaptoacetic acid, (0.40 eq, 0.08 wt, 0.06 vol), and toluene, (0.5 vol, 0.4 wt) over 20 min. to Vessel A at 40°C. Line rinse with toluene, (0.5 vol, 0.4 wt) at 40°C. Adjust the temperature of the reaction mixture to 50°C. Stir the mixture at 50°C for 2.5 hours.

[00188] Adjust the temperature of Vessel A to 20°C. Charge purified water, (3.0 vol, 3.0 wt) maintaining 20°C. Stir the reaction mixture at 20°C for 15 min. and transfer to a new, clean HDPE container. Line/vessel rinse with toluene, (0.5 vol, 0.4 wt) at 20°C. Clarify (filter) the reaction mixture via a 1 pm filter at 20°C into clean Vessel A. Wash the vessel and the filter with toluene, (0.5 vol, 0.4 wt) at 20°C. Allow the layers to separate for 15 min. at 20°C, retaining the upper organic layer (organic layer 1).

[00189] Wash the aqueous layer with toluene, (2.5 vol, 2.2 wt) at 20°C for 15 min.. Allow the layers to separate for 15 min. at 20°C. Retain the upper organic layer (organic layer 2).

[00190] Combine the organic layer 1 and organic layer 2 and adjust the temperature to 20°C. Wash the combined organic layers with 10% w/w sodium chloride solution (5.0 vol) at 20°C for 15 min.. Allow the layers to settle for 15 min. at 20°C. Retain the upper organic layer.

[00191] Take the resulting solution of Ol into next reaction without isolation.

Step 3D: Preparation of compound Kl

[00192] Charge n-butanol, (2.4 wt, 3.0 vol) to vessel B and adjust to 5°C. Charge concentrated sulfuric acid, (1.1 wt, 5.0 eq, 0.6 vol) slowly to Vessel B maintaining <15°C. Line rinse with toluene, (0.4 wt, 0.5 vol) maintaining <15°C. Adjust the temperature of Vessel B to 25°C.

[00193] Heat the n-butanol/ sulfuric acid solution in Vessel B to 55°C. Charge the organic layer from Vessel A (from Step 3C) to the butanol/ sulfuric acid solution in Vessel B over 60 to 90 min. maintaining 55°C. Charge toluene, (1.3 wt, 1.5 vol) to Vessel A as a line rinse and transfer to Vessel B maintaining 55°C. Stir the contents of Vessel B at 55°C for 1.5 h.

[00194] Stir the mixture in Vessel B for 4.5 h at 55°C. Cool the contents of Vessel B to 20°C over 10 h. Filter the slurry over 1-2 pm filter cloth under nitrogen at 20°C. Wash the filter cake with pre-mixed toluene, (3.5 wt, 4.0 vol) and n-butanol, (1.0 vol, 0.8 wt) at 20°C. Wash the filter cake with toluene, (4.3 wt, 5.0 vol) at 20°C. Dry the solid at 30°C under vacuum.

[00195] Correct the output weight for assay. Expected 50-55% w/w.

[00196] Yield of compound K1: 89-92%.

Step 3E: Preparation of Mavorixafor Drug Substance

[00197] Charge Kl, (1.00 eq, 1.00 wt, corrected for HPLC assay) in vessel A followed by nitrogen-purged purified water, (2.0 wt, 2.0 vol) and if necessary, adjust the temperature to 20°C. Charge nitrogen-purged toluene, (12.0 wt, 14.0 vol) to the solution maintaining 20°C. Charge nitrogen-purged n-butanol, (0.8 wt, 1.0 vol) to the solution maintaining 20°C. Heat the biphasic mixture to 30°C. Charge nitrogen-purged 3.0 M aqueous sodium hydroxide solution (6.2 eq, 5.9 vol) maintaining 30°C. Check the pH (expected 12 to 13). Adjust the pH of the aqueous layer to pH 10.0 with nitrogen-purged 0.3 M sulfuric acid solution (expected up to 2.5 vol) maintaining 30°C. Stir the mixture at 30°C for 45 min..

[00198] Measure the pH to confirm the value is pH 10.0.

[00199] Allow the layers to settle at 30°C for 30 min. and separate the layers retaining the organic phase in the vessel, and discharge the aqueous layer into a separate container (container C).

[00200] Charge pre-mixed toluene, (4.1 wt, 4.7 vol) and n-butanol, (0.24 wt, 0.3 vol) to a separate vessel; heat the contents to 30°C and charge the aqueous layer from container C. As required adjust the temperature to 30°C and stir for 5 to 10 min. at 30°C. Allow the phases to separate for 10 to 15 min. at 30°C. Discharge the aqueous phase to waste and combine the organic phase to the organic phase in vessel A.

[00201] Charge nitrogen-purged purified water, (2.0 wt, 2.0 vol) to the organic layer maintaining the temperature at 30°C and stir for 5 to 10 min. at 30°C. Allow the phases to separate for 10 to 15 min. at 30°C. Discharge the aqueous phase to waste retaining the organic phase in the vessel. Heat the retained organic solution to 40°C. Concentrate the resulting organic phase to 7.0 vol by vacuum distillation at 40°C.

[00202] Charge nitrogen -purged toluene, (13.0 wt, 15.0 vol) to the mixture and concentrate the solution 7.0 vol by vacuum distillation at 40°C. This step is repeated additional one time as described below.

[00203] Charge nitrogen -purged toluene, (13.0 wt, 15.0 vol) to the mixture and concentrate the solution 7.0 vol by vacuum distillation at 40°C.

[00204] Charge nitrogen-purged toluene, (7.0 wt, 8.0 vol) to the mixture at 40°C, heat to 55°C and clarify the hot reaction mixture under nitrogen via a 1 pm filter.

[00205] Charge clarified nitrogen-purged toluene, (1.7 wt, 2.0 vol) to the mixture as a line and vessel rinse at 40°C. Concentrate the solution to 7.0 vol by vacuum distillation at 40°C. At the end of the distillation the product is expected to have precipitated. Heat the mixture to 63°C.

[00206] Adjust the temperature to 60.5°C. This batch will be referred to as the main batch.

[00207] Load seed material, (0.02 wt) to a new clean container. Charge clarified nitrogen-purged toluene, (0.09 wt, 0.10 vol) to this seed material and gently shake.

[00208] Seed the main batch with the slurry maintaining the temperature at 60.5 ± 2°C. Stir the reaction at the 60.5± 2°C for 1 hour.

[00209] Cool to 40°C for 2.5 h. Stir the reaction at 40°C for 1 hour.

[00210] Cool to 30°C over 2 h.. Stir the reaction at 30°C for 1 h.

[00211] Cool to 25°C 50 min. Stir the reaction at 25°C over 2 hours.

[00212] Cool to 2°C over 4 h. Stir the mixture for 12 hours at 2°C.

[00213] Filter the mixture at 2°C over 1 to 2 pm cloth. Wash the filter cake with clarified nitrogen-purged toluene, (2.0 vol, 1.7 wt) at 2°C. Dry the filter cake under vacuum and a flow of nitrogen for 1.5 h.

[00214] Dry the solid at 40°C under vacuum and a flow of nitrogen until drying specification is achieved.

[00215] Yield of the final compound mavorixafor: 72%.

[00216] When toluene is used as the recrystallization solvent, optionally with a dissolution aid such butanol or methanol, for maxorixa for recrystallization, advantages were found compared to using dichloromethane and isopropyl acetate. We have found that these solvents do not react with the API, and accordingly we believe that this change has caused the significant reduction of impurities A (imine), B (N-formyl) and C (acetamide) that we have observed.

[00217] In some embodiments, the mavorixafor composition included 7000, 6000, 5000, 4500, 4450, 4000, 3500, 3000, 2500, 2000, 1750, 1700, 1650, 1600, 1550, 1500, 1450, 1400, 1400, 1400, 1400 gold 50 ppm of toluene or less. In some embodiments, the mavorixafor composition comprises a detectable amount of toluene. In some embodiments, the mavorixafor composition comprises from a detectable amount of toluene to 1350 ppm of toluene.

////////

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Description	Mavorixafor (AMD-070) is a potent, selective and orally available CXCR4 antagonist, with an IC₅₀ value of 13 nM against CXCR4 ¹²⁵I-SDF binding, and also inhibits the replication of T-tropic HIV-1 (NL4.3 strain) in MT-4 cells and PBMCs with an IC₅₀ of 1 and 9 nM, respectively.
IC₅₀ & Target^[1]	¹²⁵I-SDF-CXCR413 nM (IC₅₀)HIV-1 (NL4.3 strain)1 nM (IC₅₀, in MT-4 cells)HIV-1 (NL4.3 strain)9 nM (IC₅₀, in PBMCs)HIV-1 (NL4.3 strain)3 nM (IC90, in MT-4 cells)HIV-1 (NL4.3 strain)26 nM (IC90, in PBMCs)
In Vitro	Mavorixafor (AMD-070) is a potent and orally available CXCR4 antagonist, with an IC₅₀ value of 13 nM against CXCR4 ¹²⁵I-SDF binding, and also inhibits the replication of T-tropic HIV-1 (NL4.3 strain) in MT-4 cells and PBMCs with an IC₅₀ of 1 and 9 nM, respectively. Mavorixafor (AMD-070) shows no effect on other chemokine receptors (CCR1, CCR2b, CCR4, CCR5, CXCR1, and CXCR2)^[1]. Mavorixafor (AMD-070) (6.6 µM) significantly suppresses the anchorage-dependent growth, the migration and matrigel invasion of the B88-SDF-1 cells^[2].MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
In Vivo	Mavorixafor (AMD-070) (2 mg/kg, p.o.) significantly reduces the number of metastatic lung nodules in mice, and lowers the expression of human Alu DNA in mice, without body weight loss^[2].MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Clinical Trial	NCT NumberSponsorConditionStart DatePhaseNCT00089466National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)\|AIDS Clinical Trials GroupHIV InfectionsNovember 2004Phase 1\|Phase 2NCT02667886X4 PharmaceuticalsClear Cell Renal Cell CarcinomaJanuary 2016Phase 1\|Phase 2NCT02823405X4 PharmaceuticalsMelanomaSeptember 15, 2016Phase 1NCT00361101Genzyme, a Sanofi Company\|SanofiHIV Infections\|X4 Tropic VirusOctober 2005Phase 1NCT03005327X4 PharmaceuticalsWHIM SyndromeDecember 2016Phase 2NCT04274738X4 PharmaceuticalsWaldenstrom´s MacroglobulinemiaApril 30, 2020Phase 1NCT04154488X4 PharmaceuticalsNeutropeniaOctober 16, 2020Phase 1NCT03995108X4 PharmaceuticalsWHIM SyndromeOctober 17, 2019Phase 3NCT05103917Abbisko Therapeutics Co, LtdTriple Negative Breast CancerJuly 21, 2021Phase 1\|Phase 2NCT00063804National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)\|AIDS Clinical Trials GroupHIV Infections Phase 1NCT02923531X4 PharmaceuticalsClear Cell Renal Cell CarcinomaDecember 7, 2016Phase 1\|Phase 2NCT02680782X4 Pharmaceuticals\|CovanceHealthyJanuary 12, 2016Phase 1

REF

[1]. Skerlj RT, et al. Discovery of novel small molecule orally bioavailable C-X-C chemokine receptor 4 antagonists that are potent inhibitors of T-tropic (X4) HIV-1 replication. J Med Chem. 2010 Apr 22;53(8):3376-88. [Content Brief][2]. Chow LN, et al. Impact of a CXCL12/CXCR4 Antagonist in Bleomycin (BLM) Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis and Carbon Tetrachloride (CCl4) Induced Hepatic Fibrosis in Mice. PLoS One. 2016 Mar 21;11(3):e0151765. [Content Brief][3]. Uchida D, et al. Effect of a novel orally bioavailable CXCR4 inhibitor, AMD070, on the metastasis of oral cancer cells. Oncol Rep. 2018 Jul;40(1):303-308. [Content Brief]

/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////MAVORIXAFOR, AMD 070, PHASE 2

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LORPUCITINIB

September 21, 2022 3:12 am / Leave a comment

LORPUCITINIB

JNJ 64251330

2230282-02-5

UNII-OE1QTY7C25

Molecular Weight	408.50
Formula	C₂₂H₂₈N₆O₂

1-(TRANS-4-(CYANOMETHYL)CYCLOHEXYL)-1,6-DIHYDRO-N-(2-HYDROXY-2-METHYLPROPYL)IMIDAZO(4,5-D)PYRROLO(2,3-B)PYRIDINE-2-ACETAMIDE

2-[3-[4-(cyanomethyl)cyclohexyl]-3,5,8,10-tetrazatricyclo[7.3.0.0^2,6]dodeca-1,4,6,8,11-pentaen-4-yl]-N-(2-hydroxy-2-methylpropyl)acetamide

is a Gut-Restricted JAK Inhibitor for the research of Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

Lorpucitinib is an orally bioavailable pan-inhibitor of the Janus associated-kinases (JAKs), with potential immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory activities. Upon oral administration, lorpucitinib works in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract where it targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of the JAKs, thereby disrupting JAK-signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) signaling pathways and the phosphorylation of STAT proteins. This may inhibit the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, reducing inflammatory responses and preventing inflammation-induced damage. The Janus kinase family of non-receptor tyrosine kinases, which includes tyrosine-protein kinase JAK1 (Janus kinase 1; JAK1), tyrosine-protein kinase JAK2 (Janus kinase 2; JAK2), tyrosine-protein kinase JAK3 (Janus kinase 3; JAK3) and non-receptor tyrosine-protein kinase TYK2 (tyrosine kinase 2), plays a key role in cytokine signaling and inflammaton.

PATENT

WO2019239387

WO2018112379

WO2018112382

PATENT

WO/2022/189496LORPUCITINIB FOR USE IN THE TREATMENT OF JAK MEDIATED DISORDERS

Example 1

[0117] 2-(1-((1r,4r)-4-(Cyanomethyl)cyclohexyl)-1,6-dihydroimidazo[4,5-d]pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-2-yl)-N-(2-hydroxy-2-methylpropyl)acetamide

Step A: 2-(1-((1r,4r)-4-(Cyanomethyl)cyclohexyl)-6-(phenylsulfonyl)-1,6-dihydroimidazo[4,5-d]pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-2-yl)-N-(2-hydroxy-2-methylpropyl)acetamide. To ensure dry starting material, ethyl 2-(1-((1r,4r)-4-(cyanomethyl)cyclohexyl)-6-(phenylsulfonyl)-1,6-dihydroimidazo[4,5-d]pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-2-yl)acetate (Intermediate 3) was heated under vacuum at 50 °C for 18 h prior to the reaction. In a 1 L flask, ethyl 2-(1-((1r,4r)-4-(cyanomethyl)cyclohexyl)-6-(phenylsulfonyl)-1,6-dihydroimidazo[4,5-d]pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-2-yl)acetate (Intermediate 3, 52.585 g, 104.01 mmol) was suspended in DMA (50 mL). 1-Amino-2-methylpropan-2-ol (50 mL) was added and the reaction was heated to 110 °C for 45 minutes, then to 125 °C for 5 hours. The reaction was cooled to room temperature and diluted with EtOAc (800 mL). The organic layer was extracted three times with a solution of water/ brine wherein the solution was made up of 1 L water plus 50 mL brine. The aqueous layers were back extracted with EtOAc (2 × 600 mL). The combined organic layers were dried over anhydrous MgSO₄,

concentrated to dryness, and then dried for 3 days under vacuum to provide the title compound (65.9 g, 98% yield) as a yellow foam. The product was taken to the next step with no further purification. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C₂₈H₃₂N₆O₄S, 548.22; m/z found, 549.2 [M+H]⁺.¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃): δ 8.76 (s, 1H), 8.26 – 8.19 (m, 2H), 7.84 (d, J = 4.1 Hz, 1H), 7.60 – 7.53 (m, 1H), 7.50 – 7.44 (m, 2H), 6.84 (d, J = 4.2 Hz, 1H), 4.76 – 4.61 (m, 1H), 3.97 (s, 2H), 3.45 (s, 1H), 3.27 (d, J = 5.9 Hz, 2H), 2.41 (d, J = 6.5 Hz, 2H), 2.38 – 2.25 (m, 2H), 2.23 – 2.12 (m, 2H), 2.09 -1.94 (m, 4H), 1.48 (qd, J = 13.6, 4.0 Hz, 2H), 1.21 (s, 6H).

[0118] Step B: 2-(1-((1r,4r)-4-(Cyanomethyl)cyclohexyl)-1,6-dihydroimidazo[4,5-d]pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-2-yl)-N-(2-hydroxy-2-methylpropyl)acetamide. 2-(1-((1r,4r)-4-(Cyanomethyl)cyclohexyl)-6-(phenylsulfonyl)-1,6-dihydroimidazo[4,5-d]pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-2-yl)-N-(2-hydroxy-2-methylpropyl)acetamide (65.90 g, 102.1 mmol) was added to a 1 L flask containing a stir bar. 1,4-dioxane (300 mL) was added, followed by aq KOH (3 M, 150 mL). The reaction was heated at 80 °C for 2 h. The reaction was cooled to room temperature and the solvent volume was reduced to about 200 mL on a rotovap. The residue was treated with a solution of water/brine (100 mL/100mL), then extracted with 10% MeOH in CH₂Cl₂ (2 x 1L). The organic layers were combined, dried over anhydrous MgSO₄, and concentrated to dryness to provide a yellow solid. The solid was suspended in CH₂Cl₂ (200 mL), stirred vigorously for 30 minutes, and then collected by filtration. The solid was rinsed with CH₂Cl₂ (100 mL), dried by pulling air through the filter, and then further dried under vacuum at room temperature for 16 h to provide the title compound (41.59 g, 89% yield) as a white solid. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C₂₂H₂₈N₆O₂, 408.23; m/z found, 409.2 [M+H]⁺. ¹H NMR (600 MHz, DMSO-d₆): δ 11.85 (s, 1H), 8.50 (s, 1H), 8.21 – 8.10 (m, 1H), 7.49 – 7.43 (m, 1H), 6.74 – 6.65 (m, 1H), 4.53 – 4.42 (m, 2H), 4.07 (s, 2H), 3.08 (d, J = 6.0 Hz, 2H), 2.58 (d, J = 6.1 Hz, 2H), 2.41 – 2.28 (m, 2H), 2.09 – 1.92 (m, 5H), 1.42 – 1.31 (m, 2H), 1.09 (s, 6H). The synthesis and active compound characterization of each of the aspects of this invention are provided herein in the form of examples. Due to the crystal structure of some of the aspects of this invention, polymorph screening may be pursued to further characterize specific forms of any such compound. This is illustrated in a non-limiting manner for compound of Formula I by the example under the heading polymorph screening.

[0119] The following compounds were prepared in reference to the foregoing synthesis:

Intermediate 1

[0120] 2-((1r,4r)-4-((5-Nitro-1-(phenylsulfonyl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-4-yl)amino)cyclohexyl)acetonitrile

[0121] Step A: tert-butyl N-[(1r,4r)-4-(Hydroxymethyl)cyclohexyl]carbamate. To a 20-L 4-necked round-bottom flask purged and maintained with an inert atmosphere of nitrogen was placed (1r,4r)-4-[[(tert-butoxy)carbonyl]amino]cyclohexane-1-carboxylic acid (1066 g, 4.38 mol, 1.00 equiv) and THF (10 L). This was followed by the dropwise addition of BH₃-Me₂S (10 M, 660 mL) at -10 °C over 1 h. The resulting solution was stirred for 3 h at 15 °C. This reaction was performed three times in parallel and the reaction mixtures were combined. The reaction was then quenched by the addition of methanol (2 L). The resulting mixture was concentrated under vacuum. This resulted in of tert-butyl N-[(1r,4r)-4-(hydroxymethyl)cyclohexyl]carbamate (3000 g, 99.6%) as a white solid. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C₁₂H₂₃NO₃, 229.32; m/z found, 215.2 [M-tBu+MeCN+H]⁺; ¹H NMR: (300 MHz, CDCl₃): δ 4.40 (s, 1H), 3.45 (d, J = 6.3 Hz, 2H), 3.38 (s, 1H), 2.05-2.02 (m, 2H), 1.84-1.81 (m, 2H), 1.44 (s, 11H), 1.17-1.01 (m, 4H).

[0122] Step B: tert-butyl N-[(1r,4r)-4-[(Methanesulfonyloxy)methyl]cyclohexyl]carbamate. To a 20 L 4-necked round-bottom flask purged and maintained with an inert atmosphere of nitrogen, was placed tert-butyl N-[(1r,4r)-4-(hydroxymethyl)cyclohexyl]carbamate (1000 g, 4.36 mol, 1.00 equiv.), dichloromethane (10 L), pyridine (1380 g, 17.5 mol, 4.00 equiv.). This was followed by the dropwise addition of MsCl (1000 g, 8.73 mol, 2.00 equiv.) at -15 °C. The resulting solution was stirred overnight at 25 °C. This reaction was performed in parallel for 3 times and the reaction mixtures were combined. The reaction was then quenched by the addition of 2 L of water. The

water phase was extracted with ethyl acetate (1 x 9 L). The organic layer was separated and washed with 1 M HCl (3 x 10 L), NaHCO₃ (saturated aq.) (2 x 10 L), water (1 x 10 L) and brine (1 x 10 L). The mixture was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated under vacuum. This resulted in of tert-butyl N-[(1r,4r)-4-[(methanesulfonyloxy)methyl]cyclohexyl]carbamate (3300 g, 82%) as a white solid. LC-MS: MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C₁₃H₂₅NO₅S, 307.15; m/z found 292.1, [M-tBu+MeCN+H]⁺; ¹H NMR: (300 MHz, CDCl₃): δ 4.03 (d, J = 6.6 Hz, 2H), 3.38 (s, 1H), 3.00 (s, 3H), 2.07-2.05 (m, 2H), 1.87-1.84 (m, 2H), 1.72-1.69 (m, 1H), 1.44 (s, 9H), 1.19-1.04 (m, 4H).

[0123] Step C: tert-butyl N-[(1r,4r)-4-(Cyanomethyl)cyclohexyl]carbamate. To a 10 L 4-necked round-bottom flask, was placed tert-butyl N-[(1r,4r)-4-[(methanesulfonyloxy)methyl]cyclohexyl]carbamate (1100 g, 3.58 mol, 1.00 equiv.), DMSO (5500 mL) and NaCN (406 g, 8.29 mol, 2.30 equiv.). The resulting mixture was stirred for 5 h at 90 °C. This reaction was performed in parallel 3 times and the reaction mixtures were combined. The reaction was then quenched by the addition of 15 L of water/ice. The solids were collected by filtration. The solids were washed with water (3 x 10 L). This resulted in tert-butyl N-[(1r,4r)-4-(cyanomethyl)cyclohexyl]carbamate (2480 g, 97%) as a white solid. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C₁₃H₂₂N₂O₂, 238.17; m/z found 224 [M-tBu+MeCN+H]⁺; ¹H NMR: (300 MHz, CDCl₃): δ 4.39 (s, 1H), 3.38 (s, 1H), 2.26 (d, J = 6.9 Hz, 2H), 2.08-2.04 (m, 2H), 1.92-1.88 (m, 2H), 1.67-1.61 (m, 1H), 1.44 (s, 9H), 1.26-1.06 (m, 4H).

[0124] Step D: 2-[(1r,4r)-4-Aminocyclohexyl]acetonitrile hydrochloride. To a 10-L round-bottom flask was placed tert-butyl N-[(1r,4r)-4-(cyanomethyl)cyclohexyl]carbamate (620 g, 2.60 mol, 1.00 equiv.), and 1,4-dioxane (2 L). This was followed by the addition of a solution of HCl in 1,4-dioxane (5 L, 4 M) dropwise with stirring at 10 °C. The resulting solution was stirred overnight at 25 °C. This reaction was performed for 4 times and the reaction mixtures were combined. The solids were collected by filtration. The solids were washed with 1,4-dioxane (3 x 3 L), ethyl acetate (3 x 3 L) and hexane (3 x 3 L). This resulted in 2-[(1r,4r)-4-aminocyclohexyl]acetonitrile hydrochloride (1753 g, 96%) as a white solid. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C₈H₁₄N₂, 138.12; m/z found 139.25, [M+H]⁺; ¹H NMR: (300 MHz, DMSO-d₆): δ 8.14 (s, 3H), 2.96-2.84 (m, 1H), 2.46 (d, J = 6.3 Hz, 2H), 1.98 (d, J = 11.1 Hz, 2H), 1.79 (d, J = 12.0 Hz, 2H), 1.64-1.49 (m, 1H), 1.42-1.29 (m, 2H), 1.18-1.04 (m, 2H).

[0125] Step E: 2-((1r,4r)-4-((5-Nitro-1-(phenylsulfonyl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-4-yl)amino)cyclohexyl)acetonitrile. To a 1000 mL round bottom flask containing 2-[(1r,4r)-4-aminocyclohexyl]acetonitrile hydrochloride (29.10 g, 166.6 mmol) was added DMA (400 mL). The resulting suspension was treated with 4-chloro-5-nitro-1-(phenylsulfonyl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine (51.53 g, 152.6 mmol), followed by DIPEA (63.0 mL, 366 mmol). The reaction mixture was placed under N₂ and heated at 80 °C for 4 h. The crude reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and slowly poured into a vigorously stirred 2 L flask containing 1.6 L water. The resulting suspension was stirred for 15 minutes at room temperature, then filtered and dried for 16 h in a vacuum oven with heating at 70 °C to provide the title compound (63.37 g, 95%) as a yellow solid. MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C21H21N5O4S, 439.1; m/z found, 440.1 [M+H]⁺. ¹H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl₃): δ 9.10 (s, 1H), 8.99 (d, J = 7.8 Hz, 1H), 8.23 – 8.15 (m, 2H), 7.66 – 7.59 (m, 2H), 7.56 – 7.49 (m, 2H), 6.67 (d, J = 4.2 Hz, 1H), 3.95 – 3.79 (m, 1H), 2.38 (d, J = 6.2 Hz, 2H), 2.32 -2.21 (m, 2H), 2.08 – 1.98 (m, 2H), 1.88 – 1.76 (m, 1H), 1.60 – 1.32 (m, 4H).

Intermediate 2

[0126] 2-((1r,4r)-4-((5-Amino-1-(phenylsulfonyl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-4-yl)amino)cyclohexyl)acetonitrile

[0127] 2-((1r,4r)-4-((5-Nitro-1-(phenylsulfonyl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-4-yl)amino)cyclohexyl)acetonitrile (Intermediate 1, 58.60 g, 133.3 mmol) was dissolved in THF/MeOH (1:1, 4800 mL). The mixture was passed through a continuous-flow hydrogenation reactor (10% Pd/C), such as a Thales Nano H-Cube®, at 10 mL/min with 100 % hydrogen (atmospheric pressure, 80 °C), then the solution was concentrated to provide the product as a purple solid. The solid was triturated with EtOAc (400 mL) and then triturated again with MeOH (200 mL) then filtered and dried under vacuum to provide the title compound (50.2 g, 91.9% yield).

MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C₂₁H₂₃N₅O₂S, 409.2; m/z found, 410.2 [M+H]⁺. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 8.10 – 8.03 (m, 2H), 7.76 (s, 1H), 7.51 – 7.43 (m, 1H), 7.43 – 7.34 (m, 3H), 6.44 (d, J = 4.2 Hz, 1H), 4.61 (d, J = 8.5 Hz, 1H), 3.65 – 3.51 (m, 1H), 2.74 (s, 2H), 2.26 (d, J = 6.4 Hz, 2H), 2.19 – 2.05 (m, 2H), 1.97 – 1.86 (m, 2H), 1.76 – 1.59 (m, 1H), 1.33 – 1.12 (m, 4H).

Intermediate 3

[0128] Ethyl 2-(1-((1r,4r)-4-(cyanomethyl)cyclohexyl)-6-(phenylsulfonyl)-1,6-dihydroimidazo[4,5-d]pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-2-yl)acetate

[0129] To a 1L round bottom flask containing a stir bar and 2-((1r,4r)-4-((5-amino-1-(phenylsulfonyl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-4-yl)amino)cyclohexyl)acetonitrile (Intermediate 2, 58.31 g, 142.4 mmol) was added ethyl 3-ethoxy-3-iminopropanoate (60.51 g, 309.3 mmol), followed by EtOH (600 mL, dried over 3Å molecular sieves for 48 h). A reflux condenser was attached to the reaction flask, the reaction was purged with N₂, and was heated at 90 °C for 9 h. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and left to stand for 30 h where the product crystallized out as brown needles. The solids were broken up with a spatula and the reaction mixture was transferred to a 2 L flask. Water (1.4 L) was added slowly via separatory funnel with vigorous stirring. After addition of the water was complete, the suspension was stirred for 30 minutes. The brown needles were isolated by filtration and then dried by pulling air through the filter for 1 h. The product was transferred to a 500 mL flask and treated with EtOAc (200 mL). A small quantity of seed crystals were added, which induced the formation of a white solid precipitate. The suspension was stirred for 30 minutes at room temperature, filtered, rinsed with EtOAc (25 mL), and dried under vacuum to provide the product as a white solid (48.65 g, 68% yield). MS (ESI): mass calcd. for C₂₆H₂₇N₅O₄S, 505.2; m/z found, 506.2 [M+H]⁺. ¹H NMR (400

MHz, CDCl₃) δ 8.85 (s, 1H), 8.28 – 8.19 (m, 2H), 7.84 (d, J = 4.0 Hz, 1H), 7.61 – 7.53 (m, 1H), 7.52 – 7.43 (m, 2H), 6.84 (d, J = 4.1 Hz, 1H), 4.32 (s, 1H), 4.20 (q, J = 7.1 Hz, 2H), 4.09 (s, 2H), 2.44 (d, J = 6.2 Hz, 2H), 2.40 – 2.27 (m, 2H), 2.16 (d, J = 13.3 Hz, 2H), 2.12 – 1.96 (m, 3H), 1.54 – 1.38 (m, 2H), 1.27 (t, J = 7.1 Hz, 3H).

Polymorph screening example

[0130] Some embodiments of compound of Formula I as free bases present multiple crystalline configurations that have a complex solid-state behavior, some of which in turn can present distinguishing features among themselves due to different amounts of incorporated solvent. Some embodiments of compound of Formula I are in the form of pseudopolymorphs, which are embodiments of the same compound that present crystal lattice compositional differences due to different amounts of solvent in the crystal lattice itself. In addition, channel solvation can also be present in some crystalline embodiments of compound of Formula I, in which solvent is incorporated within channels or voids that are present in the crystal lattice. For example, the various crystalline configurations given in Table 2 were found for compound of Formula I. Because of these features, non-stoichiometric solvates were often observed, as illustrated in Table 2. Furthermore, the presence of such channels or voids in the crystal structure of some embodiments according to this invention enables the presence of water and/or solvent molecules that are held within the crystal structure with varying degrees of bonding strength. Consequently, changes in the specific ambient conditions can readily lead to some loss or gain of water molecules and/or solvent molecules in some embodiments according to this invention. It is understood that “solvation” (third column in Table 2) for each of the embodiments listed in Table 2 is the formula solvation, and that the actual determination of the same as a stoichiometry number (fourth column in Table 2) can slightly vary from the formula solvation depending on the actual ambient conditions when it is experimentally determined. For example, if about half of the water molecules in an embodiment may be present as hydrogen-bonded to the active compound in the crystal lattice, while about the other half of water molecules may be in channels or voids in the crystal lattice, then changes in ambient conditions may alter the amount of such loosely contained water molecules in voids or channels, and hence lead to a slight difference between the formula solvation that is assigned according to, for example, single crystal diffraction, and the

stoichiometry that is determined by, for example, thermogravimetric analysis coupled with mass spectroscopy.

Table 2. Embodiments of crystalline forms of compound of Formula I

[0131] The compound that was obtained as described in Example 1 was further crystallized by preparing a slurry in DCM (1:3, for example 10 g of compound in 30 ml DCM) that was stirred at 40^oC for 4 hours, and further stirred for 14 hours at 25^oC, then heptane was slowly added (1:2, for example 20 ml of heptane into the compound/DCM slurry/solution) at 25^oC, stirred at 40^oC for 4 hours, cooled to 25^oC and stirred for further 14 hours at 25^oC. Subsequent filtration led to compound of Formula I in the form of an off-white solid, that was identified as a monohydrate, a 1s embodiment.

CLIP

Journal of Medicinal Chemistry (2020), 63(6), 2915-2929

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Clip

https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04552197

The purpose of this study is to evaluate: systemic and local gut (rectum and sigmoid colon) exposure to JNJ-64251330, local tissue Pharmacodynamics (PD) using gut (rectum and sigmoid colon) biopsies (Part 1) and the effect of food on the rate and extent of absorption of JNJ-64251330 from oral tablet dosed with or without food (Part 2).

Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) is the most common polyposis syndrome. It is an autosomal dominant inherited disorder characterized by the early onset of hundreds to thousands of adenomatous polyps throughout the colon. JNJ-64251330 (lorpucitinib) is an oral, small molecule, potent pan-janus kinase (JAK) inhibitor that blocks phosphorylation of Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription (STAT) proteins. pSTAT induces transcription of multiple genes involved in the progression of inflammatory disease. JNJ-64251330 has chemical properties that limits the amount of drug in the blood while delivering the drug to the tissues of the gut. Local inhibition of JAK in the gut may present a promising method to treat inflammatory diseases of the intestinal tract, such as FAP. The study consists of 3 phases: screening phase (30 days) a treatment phase (24 weeks), and follow-up visit (up to 30 days after last dose of study drug). The total duration of the study will be up to 32 weeks. Study evaluations will include efficacy via endoscopies, safety (monitoring of adverse events (AE), serious adverse events (SAEs), events of infections including tuberculosis (TB), clinical laboratory blood tests (complete blood count and serum chemistries), vital signs, and concomitant medication review), pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamic and biomarkers evaluations.

Adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) also known as deleted in polyposis 2.5 (DP2.5) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the APC gene.^[4] The APC protein is a negative regulator that controls beta-catenin concentrations and interacts with E-cadherin, which are involved in cell adhesion. Mutations in the APC gene may result in colorectal cancer.^[5]

APC is classified as a tumor suppressor gene. Tumor suppressor genes prevent the uncontrolled growth of cells that may result in cancerous tumors. The protein made by the APC gene plays a critical role in several cellular processes that determine whether a cell may develop into a tumor. The APC protein helps control how often a cell divides, how it attaches to other cells within a tissue, how the cell polarizes and the morphogenesis of the 3D structures,^[6] or whether a cell moves within or away from tissue. This protein also helps ensure that the chromosome number in cells produced through cell division is correct. The APC protein accomplishes these tasks mainly through association with other proteins, especially those that are involved in cell attachment and signaling. The activity of one protein in particular, beta-catenin, is controlled by the APC protein (see: Wnt signaling pathway). Regulation of beta-catenin prevents genes that stimulate cell division from being turned on too often and prevents cell overgrowth.

The human APC gene is located on the long (q) arm of chromosome 5 in band q22.2 (5q22.2). The APC gene has been shown to contain an internal ribosome entry site. APC orthologs^[7] have also been identified in all mammals for which complete genome data are available.

////////////////JNJ-64251330, JNJ 64251330, LORPUCITINIB, PHASE 1, CANCER, Adenomatous Polyposis Coli

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ARIMOCLOMOL

May 30, 2022 7:42 am / 1 Comment on ARIMOCLOMOL

ARIMOCLOMOL

アリモクロモル;

Formula	C14H20ClN3O3
Exact mass	313.1193
Mol weight	313.7799

CAS 289893-25-0

289893-26-1 (Arimoclomol maleate);

INN 8300

N-[(2R)-2-hydroxy-3-piperidin-1-ylpropoxy]-1-oxidopyridin-1-ium-3-carboximidoyl chloride

BRX 220

Arimoclomol maleate is in a phase III clinical trials by Orphazyme for the treatment of Niemann-Pick disease type C (NP-C). It is also in phase II clinical studies for the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).

Arimoclomol (INN; originally codenamed BRX-345, which is a citrate salt formulation of BRX-220) is an experimental drug developed by CytRx Corporation, a biopharmaceutical company based in Los Angeles, California. In 2011 the worldwide rights to arimoclomol were bought by Danish biotech company Orphazyme ApS.^[1] The European Medicines Agency (EMA) and U.S. Food & Drug Administration (FDA) granted orphan drug designation to arimoclomol as a potential treatment for Niemann-Pick type C in 2014 and 2015 respectively.^[2][3]


	Fig. 1 Structures of (±)-bimoclomol (1) and (R)-(+)-arimoclomol (2).

Reference：1. WO0179174A1.

Reference：1. Tetrahedron: Asymmetr. 2012, 23, 1564-1570.

PATENT

WO/2022/106614PROCESSES FOR PREPARING ARIMOCLOMOL CITRATE AND INTERMEDIATES THEREOF

https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=WO2022106614&_cid=P22-L3S8T3-04206-1

The present disclosure provides an optimized four-step process for preparing an ultra-pure composition comprising arimoclomol citrate, i.e. N-{[(2R)-2-hydroxy-3-piperidin-l-ylpropyl]oxy}pyridine-3-carboximidoyl chloride 1-oxide citrate. The optimized process comprises a plurality of optimized sub-steps, each contributing to an overall improved process, providing the ultra-pure composition comprising arimoclomol citrate. The ultra-pure composition comprising arimoclomol citrate meets the medicines agencies’ high regulatory requirements. An overview of the four-steps process is outlined below:

Step 1: Overview of process for preparing ORZY-01

Step 2: Overview of process for preparing ORZY-03

Step 4: Overview of process for preparing BRX-345 (ORZY-05)

The previously reported two-step synthesis of ORZY-01 as shown below includes a 2 hour reflux in step 1A, followed by purification of intermediate compound (V) to increase the batch quality.

PAPER

https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlehtml/2017/ob/c7ob02578e

DOI: 10.1039/C7OB02578E (Communication) Org. Biomol. Chem., 2017, 15, 9794-9799

Scheme 1 Synthesis of arimoclomol (2) by reproduction of the published patent route. Reagents and conditions: (a) NH₂OH·HCl (1.2 equiv.), NaHCO₃ (1.2 equiv.), H₂O, rt, 18 h 91%; (b) piperidine (0.9 equiv.), MeOH, 65 °C, quant.; (c) 6, NaOH (1.3 equiv.), EtOH, H₂O, 70 °C, 18 h; (d) NaNO₂ (1.3 equiv.), conc. HCl, H₂O, −5 °C, 2.5 h 51% over 2 steps; (e) (−)-dibenzoyl-L-tartaric acid, EtOH then NaOH, CH₂Cl₂; (f) citric acid (1.0 equiv.), acetone; (g) supercritical fluid chromatography.


	Scheme 3 Arimoclomol (2) synthesis via chiral glycidyl nosylate synthon. Reagents and conditions: (a) (i) NaH (60% wt), DMF, 0 °C, 0.5 h; (ii) (R)-(−)-glycidyl nosylate (11) (1.06 equiv.), rt, 2 h; (iii) piperidine (1.1 equiv.), 80 °C for 4 h then rt for 18 h, 71%; (b) NaNO₂ (1.3 equiv.), conc. HCl, H₂O, −5 °C, 2.5 h, 73%.

Scheme 4 Chiral hydroxylamine route to arimoclomol (2). Reagents and conditions: (a) (i) NaH (60% wt), DMF, 0 °C, 0.5 h; (ii) (R)-(−)-glycidyl nosylate (11) (1.1 equiv.), rt, 2 h, 83%; (b) piperidine (1.05 equiv.), ⁱPrOH, 50 °C, 18 h, quant.; (c) HCl (6 M), 95 °C, 18 h; quant.; (d) Amberlyst A21, MeOH, rt, 4 h, 98%; (e) 3-cyanopyridine-N-oxide (3) (0.8 equiv.), HSCH₂CO₂H (17) (1.5 equiv.), Et₃N, EtOH, 85 °C, 24 h, 75%; (f) NaNO₂ (1.3 equiv.), conc. HCl, H₂O, −5 °C, 66%.

(R,Z)-3-(N′-(2-Hydroxy-3-(piperidine-1-yl)propoxy)carboximi-oylchloride)pyridine-1-oxide citrate (2-citrate, arimoclomol citrate) was prepared as an off-white amorphous solid (164 mg): m.p. 161–162 °C; [α]²⁰_D +8.0° (c = 1, H₂O); IR ν_max (neat): 3423, 3228, 2949, 2868, 1722, 1589, 1483, 1433, 1307, 1128, 972, 829 cm⁻¹; ¹H NMR (600 MHz, d₆-DMSO) δ: 8.54 (t, J = 1.5 Hz, 1H), 8.39–8.35 (m, 1H), 7.72–7.68 (m, 1H), 7.55 (dd, J = 8.0, 6.5 Hz, 1H), 4.28 (ddd, J = 17.6, 13.3, 7.4 Hz, 3H), 3.35 (br. s, 2H), 3.13–2.74 (m, 6H), 2.59 (d, J = 15.2 Hz, 2H), 2.56–2.51 (m, 2H), 1.77–1.61 (m, 4H), 1.48 (s, 2H); ¹³C NMR (151 MHz, d₆-DMSO) δ: 176.6, 171.3, 140.5, 136.4, 132.7, 131.5, 126.8, 123.3, 77.8, 71.4, 63.8, 58.7, 53.1, 44.0, 30.7, 23.0, 21.9; HRMS (m/z TOF MS ES+) for C₁₄H₂₀ClN₃O₃ [M + H]+ calc. 314.1271, observed 314.1263; SFC er purity R:S, >99:1.
(R,Z)-3-(N′-(2-Hydroxy-3-(piperidine-1-yl)propoxy)carboximi-oylchloride)pyridine maleate ((R)-1-maleate, bimoclomol maleate) was prepared as an off-white amorphous solid (70 mg): m.p. 137–138 °C; [α]²⁰_D +6.0° (c = 1, MeOH); IR νmax (neat): 3269, 2937, 1577, 1477, 1440, 1348, 1205, 1070, 981, 864 cm⁻¹; ¹H NMR (600 MHz, d₆-DMSO) δ: 9.09 (s, 1H), 9.01–8.98 (m, 1H), 8.73 (dd, J = 4.8, 1.5 Hz, 1H), 8.24–8.06 (m, 1H), 7.57 (ddd, J = 8.1, 4.8, 0.6 Hz, 1H), 6.02 (d, J = 4.0 Hz, 2H), 5.93 (s, 1H), 4.40–4.21 (m, 3H), 3.60–3.28 (m, 3H), 3.20 (d, J = 11.8 Hz, 1H), 3.12–3.05 (m, 1H), 3.03–2.83 (m, 2H), 1.84–1.55 (m, 5H), 1.38 (s, 1H); ¹³C NMR (151 MHz, d₆-DMSO) δ: 167.1, 151.7, 147.4, 136.0, 135.1, 134.6, 127.9, 123.9, 77.2, 63.1, 58.0, 54.1, 51.1, 22.2, 21.3; HRMS (m/z TOF MS ES+) for C₁₄H₂₀ClN₃O₂ [M + H]+ calc. 298.1322, observed 298.1319; SFC er purity R:S, 98:2.

(R,Z)-3-(N’-(2-hydroxy-3-(piperidin-1-yl)propoxy)carboximidoyl chloride)pyridine-1-oxide1 – (R)-(+)-Arimoclomol – 2 A solution of (R,Z)-3-(N’-(2-hydroxy-3-(piperidin-1-yl)propoxy)carbamimidoyl)pyridine-1-oxide 12 (205 mg, 0.70 mmol) in conc. hydrochloric acid (1.1 mL, 13.9 mmol) and water (3 mL) was cooled to -5 °C for 15 minutes. Sodium nitrite (63 mg, 0.91 mmol) in water (0.5 mL) was then added dropwise to the reaction mixture and the reaction was stirred at -5 °C for 2.5 hours. The reaction mixture was made alkaline with NaOH (7 M, 3 mL). An additional 10 mL of water was added followed by DCM (30 mL) containing EtOAc (5 mL) and the organics were dried over MgSO4, filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by FCC on Biotage Isolera using Biotage SNAP 10 g Si cartridge eluting with gradient elution 0-30% MeOH:DCM both containing 0.1% Et3N to afford the title compound (160 mg, 73% yield) as a colourless semi-solid. Analytical data was consistent with literature values. See ESI section SFC traces for specific enantiomeric ratios of 2 synthesised under the various methodologies quoted in the text. Optical rotation was not determined as it was determined in the ultimate product of this 2·citrate and comparative run times on SFC. 1H NMR (600 MHz, CDCl3) δ: 8.63 (t, J = 1.4 Hz, 1H), 8.16 (ddd, J = 6.4, 1.6, 0.9 Hz, 1H), 7.66 – 7.62 (m, 1H), 7.25 (dd, J = 8.0, 6.6 Hz, 1H), 4.26 (qd, J = 11.3, 5.2 Hz, 2H), 4.07 (dd, J = 9.2, 4.7 Hz, 1H), 2.62 (s, 2H), 2.47 – 2.31 (m, 4H), 1.65 – 1.51 (m, 4H), 1.42 (s, 2H); 13C NMR (151 MHz, CDCl3) δ: 140.3, 137.7, 133.1, 132.5, 125.7, 123.9, 78.7, 64.9, 60.9, 54.8, 25.8, 24.0.

(R,Z)-3-(N’-(2-hydroxy-3-(piperidin-1-yl)propoxy)carboximidoyl chloride)pyridine-1-oxide citrate

(R)-(+)- Arimoclomol citrate – 2·citrate (R,Z)-3-(N’-(2-hydroxy-3-(piperidin-1-yl)propoxy)carboximidoyl chloride)pyridine-1-oxide (159 mg, 0.51 mmol) was dissolved in acetone (3 mL) and citric acid (97 mg, 0.51 mmol) was added. The reaction mixture was left to stir at room temperature for 18 hours. After this time the mixture was sonicated and the precipitate was filtered, rinsed with cold acetone (1 mL) and dried under vacuum to afford the title compound (165 mg, 64% yield) as a white amorphous solid. Analytical data was consistent with literature values. m.p. 161-162 °C, Acetone (lit. 163-165 °C, EtOH); [α]D 20 +8.0 (c=1, H2O); IR νmax (neat): 3423, 3228, 2949, 2868, 1722, 1589, 1483, 1433, 1307, 1128, 972, 829 cm-1; 1H NMR (600 MHz, d6-DMSO) δ: 8.54 (t, J = 1.5 Hz, 1H), 8.39 – 8.35 (m, 1H), 7.72 – 7.68 (m, 1H), 7.55 (dd, J = 8.0, 6.5 Hz, 1H), 4.28 (ddd, J = 17.6, 13.3, 7.4 Hz, 3H), 3.35 (br. s, 2H), 3.13 – 2.74 (m, 6H), 2.59 (d, J = 15.2 Hz, 2H), 2.56 – 2.51 (m, 2H), 1.77 – 1.61 (m, 4H), 1.48 (s, 2H); 13C NMR (151 MHz, d6-DMSO) δ: 176.6, 171.3, 140.5, 136.4, 132.7, 131.5, 126.8, 123.3, 77.8, 71.4, 63.8, 58.7, 53.1, 44.0, 30.7, 23.0, 21.9; HRMS (m/z TOF MS ES+) for C14H20ClN3O3 [M+H]+ calc. 314.1271, observed 314.1263; SFC er purity R:S >99:1

Procedure for the conversion of (R)-(+)-Bimoclomol 1 into (R)-(+)-Arimoclomol 2 To a solution of (R)-(+)-bimoclomol (61 mg, 0.21 mmol) in acetone (2 mL) was added benzenesulfonic acid (33 mg, 0.21 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1.5 hours. The reaction mixture was concentrated in vacuo. Separately to a suspension of hydrogen peroxide-urea adduct (39 mg, 0.41 mmol) in acetonitrile (6 mL) at -5°C (ice-salt bath) was added trifluoroacetic anhydride (58 μL, 0.41 mmol) dropwise. A suspension of (R)-(+)-bimoclomol, 1, benzenesulfonic acid salt, as made above, in acetonitrile (3 mL) was then added dropwise to this solution. The reaction mixture was stirred for 18 hours, whilst slowly warming to room temperature. Aqueous Na2S2O5 solution (0.5 M, 1 mL) was added and the reaction mixture stirred for 1 hour. The reaction mixture was made alkaline with NaOH (7 M) and extracted with DCM (2 x 30 mL). The combined organics were washed with brine, dried over MgSO4, filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by FCC on a Biotage Isolera using Biotage SNAP 10g Si cartridge eluting with gradient elution 0-35% MeOH in DCM to afford the title compound (35 mg, 55% yield) as a colourless semi-solid. Analytical data of the products was consistent with literature and/or previous samples synthesised above.

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Mechanism of action

Arimoclomol is believed to function by stimulating a normal cellular protein repair pathway through the activation of molecular chaperones. Since damaged proteins, called aggregates, are thought to play a role in many diseases, CytRx believes that arimoclomol could treat a broad range of diseases.

Arimoclomol activates the heat shock response.^[4]^[5]^[6]^[7]^[8]^[9] It is believed to act at Hsp70.^[10]

History

Arimoclomol has been shown to extend life in an animal model of ALS^[11] and was well tolerated in healthy human volunteers in a Phase I study. CytRx is currently conducting a Phase II clinical trial.^[12]

Arimoclomol also has been shown to be an effective treatment in an animal model of Spinal Bulbar Muscular Atrophy (SBMA, also known as Kennedy’s Disease).^[13]

Arimoclomol was discovered by Hungarian researchers, as a drug candidate to treat insulin resistance^[14]^[15] and diabetic complications such as retinopathy, neuropathy and nephropathy. Later, the compound, along with other small molecules, was screened for further development by Hungarian firm Biorex, which was sold to CytRx Corporation, who developed it toward a different direction from 2003.

References

^ “CytRx Sells Molecular Chaperone Assets to Orphazyme in Deal Worth $120M | GEN Genetic Engineering & Biotechnology News – Biotech from Bench to Business | GEN”. GEN. 17 May 2011.
^ “European Medicines Agency – – EU/3/14/1376”. http://www.ema.europa.eu. Archived from the original on 2017-07-28. Retrieved 2022-02-15.
^ “Search Orphan Drug Designations and Approvals”. http://www.accessdata.fda.gov.
^ Kalmar B, Greensmith L (2009). “Activation of the heat shock response in a primary cellular model of motoneuron neurodegeneration-evidence for neuroprotective and neurotoxic effects”. Cell. Mol. Biol. Lett. 14 (2): 319–35. doi:10.2478/s11658-009-0002-8. PMC 6275696. PMID 19183864.
^ Kieran D, Kalmar B, Dick JR, Riddoch-Contreras J, Burnstock G, Greensmith L (April 2004). “Treatment with arimoclomol, a coinducer of heat shock proteins, delays disease progression in ALS mice”. Nat. Med. 10 (4): 402–5. doi:10.1038/nm1021. PMID 15034571. S2CID 2311751.
^ Kalmar B, Greensmith L, Malcangio M, McMahon SB, Csermely P, Burnstock G (December 2003). “The effect of treatment with BRX-220, a co-inducer of heat shock proteins, on sensory fibers of the rat following peripheral nerve injury”. Exp. Neurol. 184 (2): 636–47. doi:10.1016/S0014-4886(03)00343-1. PMID 14769355. S2CID 5316222.
^ Rakonczay Z, Iványi B, Varga I, et al. (June 2002). “Nontoxic heat shock protein coinducer BRX-220 protects against acute pancreatitis in rats”. Free Radic. Biol. Med. 32 (12): 1283–92. doi:10.1016/S0891-5849(02)00833-X. PMID 12057766.
^ Kalmar B, Burnstock G, Vrbová G, Urbanics R, Csermely P, Greensmith L (July 2002). “Upregulation of heat shock proteins rescues motoneurones from axotomy-induced cell death in neonatal rats”. Exp. Neurol. 176 (1): 87–97. doi:10.1006/exnr.2002.7945. PMID 12093085. S2CID 16071543.
^ Benn SC, Brown RH (April 2004). “Putting the heat on ALS”. Nat. Med. 10 (4): 345–7. doi:10.1038/nm0404-345. PMID 15057226. S2CID 11434434.
^ Brown IR (October 2007). “Heat shock proteins and protection of the nervous system”. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 1113 (1): 147–58. Bibcode:2007NYASA1113..147B. doi:10.1196/annals.1391.032. PMID 17656567. S2CID 36782230.
^ Kalmar B, Novoselov S, Gray A, Cheetham ME, Margulis B, Greensmith L (October 2008). “Late stage treatment with arimoclomol delays disease progression and prevents protein aggregation in the SOD1 mouse model of ALS”. J. Neurochem. 107 (2): 339–50. doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.2008.05595.x. PMID 18673445.
^ “Phase II/III Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Arimoclomol in SOD1 Positive Familial Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis – Full Text View – ClinicalTrials.gov”. Archived from the original on 11 May 2009. Retrieved 2009-05-18.
^ Malik B, Nirmalananthan N, Gray A, La Spada A, Hanna M, Greensmith L (2013). “Co-induction of the heat shock response ameliorates disease progression in a mouse model of human spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy: implications for therapy”. Brain. 136 (3): 926–943. doi:10.1093/brain/aws343. PMC 3624668. PMID 23393146.
^ Kürthy M, Mogyorósi T, Nagy K, et al. (June 2002). “Effect of BRX-220 against peripheral neuropathy and insulin resistance in diabetic rat models”. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 967 (1): 482–9. Bibcode:2002NYASA.967..482K. doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2002.tb04306.x. PMID 12079878. S2CID 19585837.
^ Seböková E, Kürthy M, Mogyorosi T, et al. (June 2002). “Comparison of the extrapancreatic action of BRX-220 and pioglitazone in the high-fat diet-induced insulin resistance”. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 967 (1): 424–30. Bibcode:2002NYASA.967..424S. doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2002.tb04298.x. PMID 12079870. S2CID 23338560.

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Clinical data

Routes of administration	Oral
ATC code	N07XX17 (WHO)
Legal status
Legal status	Investigational
Identifiers
show IUPAC name
CAS Number	289893-25-0
PubChem CID	208924
ChemSpider	21106260
UNII	EUT3557RT5
KEGG	D11374
ChEMBL	ChEMBL2107726
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID5057701
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C₁₄H₂₀ClN₃O₃
Molar mass	313.78 g·mol⁻¹
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image
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/////////ARIMOCLOMOL, アリモクロモル , BRX 220, INN 8300, Arimoclomol maleate, phase III, clinical, Orphazyme , Niemann-Pick disease type C, phase II, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, (ALS)

ZY 19489, MMV 253

December 16, 2021 11:51 am / Leave a comment

2-N-(4-cyclopropyl-5-fluoro-6-methylpyridin-2-yl)-5-[(3R)-3,4-dimethylpiperazin-1-yl]-4-N-(1,5-dimethylpyrazol-3-yl)pyrimidine-2,4-diamine.png

ZY 19489, MMV 253

C24 H32 FN9, 465.5

CAS 1821293-40-6

MMV253, GTPL10024, MMV674253

N-(4-cyclopropyl-5-fluoro-6-methylpyridin-2-yl)-5-((3R)-2-((1,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl)amino)-3,4-dimethylpiperazin-1-yl)pyrimidin-2-amine

2-N-(4-cyclopropyl-5-fluoro-6-methylpyridin-2-yl)-5-[(3R)-3,4-dimethylpiperazin-1-yl]-4-N-(1,5-dimethylpyrazol-3-yl)pyrimidine-2,4-diamine

N²-(4-Cyclopropyl-5-fluoro-6-methyl-2-pyridinyl)-5-[(3R)-3,4-dimethyl-1-piperazinyl]-N⁴-(1,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl)-2,4-pyrimidinediamine
(R)-N²-(4-Cyclopropyl-5-fluoro-6-methylpyridin-2-yl)-N⁴-(1,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl)-5-(3,4-dimethylpiperazin-1-yl)pyrimidine-2,4-diamine

Key biological and physical properties of MMV253. logD and in vivo ED90 kindly provided by V. Sambandamurthy, S. Hameed P. and S. Kavanagh, personal communication, 2018

SYN

IN 201721031453

The invention relates to triaminopyrimidine compd. of formula I, pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, hydrates, solvates, polymorphs, optically active forms thereof, in solid state forms useful for preventing or treating malaria. The invention also relates to a process for prepn. of triaminopyrimidine compd. and intermediates thereof. Compd. I was prepd. by condensation of 5-bromouracil with tert-Bu (R)-2-methylpiperazine-1-carboxylate to give tert-Bu (R)-4-(2,4-dichloropyrimidin-5-yl)-2-methylpiperazine-1-carboxylate, which underwent chlorination followed by condensation with 1,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-3-amine followed by condensation with 4-cyclopropyl-5-fluoro-6-methylpyridin-2-amine hydrochloride to give (R)-N²-(4-cyclopropyl-5-fluoro-6-methylpyridin-2-yl)-N⁴-(1,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl)-5-(3-methylpiperazin-1-yl)pyrimidine-2,4-diamine, which underwent Boc-deprotection followed by methylation to give I.

SYN

WO 2019049021

https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=WO2019049021

Malaria is caused by protozoan parasites of the genus Plasmodium that infect and destroy red blood cells, leading to fever, severe anemia, cerebral malaria and, if untreated, death.

International (PCT) Publication No. WO 2015/165660 (the WO ‘660) discloses triaminopyrimidine compounds, intermediates, pharmaceutical compositions and methods for use for preventing or treating malaria. The WO ‘660 discloses a process for preparation of 4-cyclopropyl-5-fluoro-6-methylpyridin-2-amine (compound 5) as depicted in scheme-1.

Scheme 1

WO ‘660 discloses a process for preparation of triaminopyrimidine compounds depicted in scheme-2.

WO ‘660 discloses the preparation of compounds 8 and 4 by using microwave technique using Biotage microwave vial. WO ‘660 in example- 13, discloses the isolation of compound 1 by concentration of reaction mixture to obtain crude product, which was purified through reverse phase HPLC GILSON instrument to obtain pure solid compound 1 in 40.8% yield, without providing the purity of the solid compound 1. The process disclosed in WO ‘660 is not industrially advantageous as it requires microwave conditions as well as chromatographic purification and provides compound 1 with lower yields. The compound 1 prepared may not be suitable for pharmaceutical preparations based on various regulatory requirements.

Polymorphism, the occurrence of different crystalline forms, is a property of some molecules. A single molecule can exist in different crystalline forms having distinct physical properties like melting point, thermal behaviors (e.g. measured by thermogravimetric analysis – TGA, or different scanning calorimetry – DSC, Powder x-ray diffraction pattern – PXRD, infrared absorption – IR). One or more these techniques may be used to distinguish different polymorphic forms of a compound.

Different salts and solid states (e.g. solvates, hydrates) of an active pharmaceutical ingredient may possess different physio-chemical properties. Such variation in the properties of different salts and solid states forms may provide a basis for improving formulation, for example, by facilitating better processing or handling characteristics, changing the dissolution profile in a favorable direction, or improving stability (both chemical and polymorph) and shelf-life. These variations in the properties of different salts and solid states forms may offer improvements to the final dosage form for example, to improve bioavailability. Different salts and solid state forms of an active pharmaceutical ingredient may also give rise to a variety of polymorphs or crystalline forms or amorphous form, which may in turn provide additional opportunities to assess variations in the properties and characteristics of an active pharmaceutical ingredient.

In view of the above, the present invention provides a process for the preparation of triaminopyrimidine compound 1 or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof or hydrates or solvates or polymorphs or optically active forms thereof, which is industrially scalable, environment friendly and efficient so as to obtain compounds of the invention in higher yields and purity.

The process for the preparation of triaminopyrimidine compound 1 or intermediates thereof of the present invention, takes the advantage by using appropriate solvent systems and isolation techniques as well as purification techniques, thereby to overcome problems of lower yields, chromatography purifications and microwave reactions of the prior art.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention provides solid state forms of triaminopyrimidine compound

Examples: Preparation of Intermediates

Example-1: Preparation of 6-chloro-4-cyclopropyl-3-fluoro-2-methylpyridine

In a 250 mL 4N round bottom flask, process water (30 ml) and cyclopropanecarboxylic acid (14.19 g, 164.88 mmol) were added at 25 to 35°C and started stirring. Sulphuric acid (4.4 ml, 82.44 mmol) was charged to the reaction mixture. Silver nitrate (4.18 g, 24.73 mmol), 6-Chloro-3-fluoro-2-methylpyridine (6 g, 41.22 mmol) were charged to the reaction mixture. Aqueous solution of ammonium persulphate (65.85 g, 288.54 mmol in 90 mL water) was added to the reaction mixture in 30 to 60 min at temperature NMT 60 °C. After the completion of the reaction as monitored by HPLC, toluene (30 ml) was added to the reaction mixture and stirred for 15 min. The reaction mixture filtered, separated layers from filtrate and extracted aqueous layer using toluene (30 mL). The organic layer was washed with aqueous sodium carbonate solution (30 mL) and water. The organic layer was distilled completely under vacuum at 60 °C to obtain 3.37 g syrupy mass as titled compound.

Example-2: Preparation of 6-chloro-4-cyclopropyl-3-fluoro-2-methylpyridine

In a suitable glass assembly, process water (7.5 L) and cyclopropanecarboxylic acid (3.55 Kg, 41.24 mol) were added at 25 to 35 °C and stirred. Sulphuric acid (2.02 Kg, 20.59 mol), silver nitrate (1.05 Kg, 6.21 mol), 6-chloro-3-fluoro-2-methylpyridine (1.5 Kg, 10.3 mol) were added to the reaction mixture. Aqueous solution of ammonium persulphate (16.46 g, 72.13 mmol in 22.5 L water) was added to the reaction mixture at 55 to 60 °C and maintained. After the completion of the reaction as monitored by HPLC, toluene (7.5 L) was added to the reaction mixture and stirred for 15 min. The reaction mixture was filtered, organic layer was separated and aqueous layer was extracted using toluene (6 L), filtered the reaction mixture and washed the solid with toluene (1.5 L). The combined organic layer was washed with 20% sodium carbonate solution (9 L) and water. The organic layer was concentrated completely under vacuum at 60 °C to obtain 880 g (86.50%) syrupy mass of titled compound.

Example-3: Preparation of N-(4-cyclopropyl-5-fluoro-6-methylpyridin-2-yl)-l,l-diphenyl-methanimine

In a 100 mL 3N round bottom flask, 6-chloro-4-cyclopropyl-3-fluoro-2-methylpyridine (2.69 g, 14.48 mmol) and toluene (30 mL) were added at 25 to 35 °C. Diphenylmethanimine (3.15 g, 17.38 mmol) was charged to the reaction mixture and stirred for 5-10 min under nitrogen purging. Racemic BINAP (270 mg, 0.43 mmol) and palladium acetate (98 mg, 0.43 mmol) were added to the reaction mixture. Sodium-ie/ -butoxide (2.78 g, 28.96 mmol) was added to the reaction mixture and heated to 100 to 110° C under nitrogen. After the completion of the reaction as monitored by HPLC, the reaction mixture was cooled to 25 to 35 °C and filtered over hyflo bed and washed with toluene. The filtrate containing titled compound was preserved for next stage of reaction.

Example-4: Preparation of N-(4-cyclopropyl-5-fluoro-6-methylpyridin-2-yl)-l,l-diphenyl-methanimine

In a suitable assembly, 6-chloro-4-cyclopropyl-3-fluoro-2-methylpyridine (880) and toluene (7.5 L) were added at 25 to 35 °C. Diphenylmethanimine (787 g, 4.34 mmol) and BOC anhydride (237 g, 1.086 mol) was added to the reaction mixture and stirred for 5-10 min under nitrogen purging. Racemic BINAP (67.6 g, 0.108 mmol) and palladium acetate (24.4 g, 0.108 mol) were added to the reaction mixture. S odium- ieri-butoxide (870 g, 9.05 mol) was added to the reaction mixture and heated to 100 to 110 °C under nitrogen. After the completion of the reaction as monitored by HPLC, the reaction mixture was cooled to 25 to 35 °C, water (6 L) was added. The reaction mixture was filtered over hyflo bed and washed with toluene. The filtrate containing titled compound was preserved for next stage of reaction.

Example-5: Preparation of 4-cyclopropyl-5-fluoro-6-methylpyridin-2-amine hydrochloride monohydrate

In a 100 mL 3N round bottom flask, N-(4-cyclopropyl-5-fluoro-6-methylpyridin-2-yl)-l,l-diphenylmethanimine in toluene as obtained in example-3 was added water (25 mL) at 25 to 35° C. The cone. HCl (3 mL) was charged to the reaction mixture and heated to 40 to 50 °C. After the completion of the reaction as monitored by HPLC, the reaction mixture was cooled to 25 to 35 °C. Layers were separated. The aqueous layer was treated with methylene dichloride and pH was adjusted to 7.5 to 8.5 using sodium carbonate solution, stirred for 15 min and layers were separated. Aqueous layer was extracted with methylene dichloride, charcoaled and acidified to pH 3 to 4 with aqueous HCl. The solvent was distilled completely and acetonitrile (9 mL) and ethyl acetate (9 mL) was added. The reaction mixture was stirred for 1 hour at 25 to 35° C. The product was filtered and washed with ethyl acetate. The product was dried at 50° C for 4 hours under vacuum to obtain 1.62 g title compound as monohydrate yellow crystalline solid having 99.51% HPLC purity.

Example-6: Preparation of 4-cyclopropyl-5-fluoro-6-methylpyridin-2-amine hydrochloride monohydrate

In a suitable glass assembly, N-(4-cyclopropyl-5-fluoro-6-methylpyridin-2-yl)-l,l-diphenylmethanimine in toluene as obtained in example-4 was added water (6 L) at 25 to 35° C. The cone. HCl (750 mL) was charged to the reaction mixture and heated to 40 to 50 °C. After the completion of the reaction as monitored by HPLC, the reaction mixture was cooled to 25 to 35 °C. Layers were separated. The aqueous layer was treated with methylene dichloride (3 L) and pH was adjusted to 7.5 to 8.5 using sodium carbonate solution, stirred for 15 min and layers were separated. Aqueous layer was extracted with methylene dichloride (3 L), charcoaled and acidified to pH 3 to 4 with aqueous HCl. The solvent was distilled completely and acetonitrile (1.5 L) and ethyl acetate (1.5 L) were added. The reaction mixture was stirred for 1 hour at 25 to 35° C. The product was filtered and washed with ethyl acetate. The product was dried at 50° C for 4 hours under vacuum to obtain 489 g (96.80%) title compound as monohydrate yellow crystalline solid having 99.51% HPLC purity. The crystalline compound is characterized by Powder x-ray diffraction pattern (FIG.5), Differential scanning calorimetry (FIG.6) and Thermogravimetric analysis (FIG.7).

Example 7: Preparation of 2,3-dibromobutanenitrile

In a 2 L round bottom flask, dichloromethane (550 mL) and 2-butenenitrile 110 g

(1.64 mol) were cooled to 20 to 25 °C. A solution of bromine 275 g (1.72 mol) in dichloromethane (220 mL) was dropwise added at 20 to 25 °C. Hydrobromic acid 1.43 ml (0.0082 mol) in acetic acid (33%) solution was added into the reaction mixture and stirred for 4 hours. After the completion of reaction, Na₂S₂0₃ (550 mL) 4% aqueous solution was added and the reaction mixture was stirred for 15 min. The separated organic layer was distilled under vacuum completely to obtain 364.2 g (97.9%) of title compound as an oil.

Example 8: Preparation of l,5-dimethyl-lH-pyrazol-3-amine

In a 5 L round bottom flask, water (1. 36 L), sodium hydroxide 340 g (8.99 mol) were added and the reaction mixture was cooled to 0 to 5°C. A solution of methyl hydrazine sulphate 237.8 g (1.65 mol) in 680 mL water was added dropwise to the reaction mixture and stirred below 10 °C. 2,3-dibromobutanenitrile 340 g (1.5 mol) prepared in example-7 was added and the reaction mixture was stirred below 10 °C for 2 hours. After the completion of reaction, toluene (630 mL) was added and the reaction mixture was stirred for 15 min. The aqueous layer was separated and the organic layer was removed. The aqueous layer was extracted with dichloromethane (5.1 L). The combined organic layer was distilled completely under vacuum to obtain residue. Diisopropyl ether (680 mL) was added and the reaction mixture was stirred at 0 to 5 °C for 1 hour. The reaction mixture was filtered, washed with diisopropyl ether and dried to obtained 121.5 g (72.93%) of title compound having 95.63% purity.

Examples: Preparation of triaminopyrimidine compounds

Example-9: Preparation of tert-butyl (R)-4-(2,4-dioxo-l,2,3,4-tetrahydro- pyrimidin-5-yl)-2-methylpiperazine-l-carboxylate

In 2 L four neck round bottom flask, 1.25 Kg (6.545 mol) 5-bromouracil, 1.87 Kg (9.360 mol) tert-butyl (R)-2-methylpiperazine-l-carboxylate and 5L pyridine were added at 25 to 35° C. The reaction mass was stirred for 15 hours at 115 to 120°C. After completion, the reaction mass was cooled to 25 to 35°C. 12.5 L water was added and stirred for 1 hour. The reaction mass was filtered, washed with 2.5 L water and dried to obtain 1.37 Kg (67.4%) of title compound.

Example-10: Preparation of tert-butyl (R)-4-(2,4-dichloropyrimidin-5-yl)-2-methylpiperazine- 1 -carboxylate

In 20 L four neck round bottom flask, 1.36 Kg (4.382 mmol) tert-butyl (R)-4-(2,4-dioxo-1, 2,3, 4-tetrahydropyrimidin-5-yl)-2-methylpiperazine-l -carboxylate and 6.8 L phosphorus oxychloride were added at 25 to 35° C. 26.5 mL pyridine (0.329 mol) was added and the reaction mass was heated to 105 to 110 °C and stirred for 4 hours. After the completion of the reaction, phosphorus oxychloride was distilled completely at atmospheric pressure. 2.72 L acetone was added and the reaction mixture was quenched into 4.08 L water. Acetone was removed by distillation under vacuum. 20% sodium carbonate solution was added to adjust pH 7.5-8.5 of the reaction mixture. 1.14 Kg (5.258 mol) di-tert-butyl dicarbonate and 9.52 L ethyl acetate were added and stirred for 2 hours at 25 to 35 °C. After the completion of the reaction, the organic layer was separated and aqueous layer was extracted with 6.8 L ethyl acetate. The combined ethyl layers were distilled to remove ethyl acetate completely under vacuum to obtain residue. 1.36 L isopropyl alcohol was added to the residue and isopropyl alcohol was removed completely. 4.08 L isopropyl alcohol and 6.8 L water were added to the residue and stirred for 1 hour. The reaction mass was filtered, washed with water and dried to obtain 1.25 Kg of title compound.

Example-11: Preparation of tert-butyl (R)-4-(2-chloro-4-[(l,5-dimethyl-lH-pyrazol-3-yl)amino)pyrimidin-5-yl]-2-methylpiperazine-l-carboxylate

In 20 L round bottom flask, 640 g (1.843 mol) tert-butyl (R)-4-(2, 4-dichloropyrimidin-5-yl)-2-methylpiperazine-l -carboxylate, 225.3 g (2.027 g) 1,5-dimethyl-lH-pyrazol-3-amine and 9.6L toluene were added at 25 to 35°C. 1.2 Kg (3.686 mol) cesium carbonate was added. The reaction mixture was purged for 15 min under nitrogen. 12.41 g (0.0553 mol) palladium acetate and 34.43 g (0.0553 mol) racemic 2,2′-bis(diphenylphosphino)-l,l’-binaphthyl were added and the reaction mass was maintained for 16 hours at 110 to 115 °C under nitrogen. After the completion of the reaction, the reaction mixture was filtered through a celite bed and washed the bed with 1.28 L toluene. Toluene was distilled completely and 2.56 L dichlromethane was added. The compound was adsorbed by 1.92 Kg silica gel (60-120 mesh). The dichloromethane was distilled completely under vacuum and 12.8 L mixture of ethyl acetate and hexane was added to the residue and stirred for 2 hours. The silica gel was filtered and the filtrate was distilled completely under vacuum to obtain 595 g title compound.

Example-12: Preparation of tert-butyl (R)-4-(2-((4-cyclopropyl-5-fluoro-6-methylpyridin-2-yl)amino)-4-((l,5-dimethyl-lH-pyrazol-3-yl)amino) pyrimidin-5-yl)-2-methylpiperazine-l-carboxylate

In 20 L round bottom flask, 595 g (1.40 mol) tert-butyl (R)- 4-(2-chloro-4-[(l,5-dimethyl-lH-pyrazol-3-yl)amino)pyrimidin-5-yl]-2-methylpiperazine-l-carboxylate, 305 g (1.38 mol) 4-cyclopropyl-5-fluoro-6-methylpyridin-2-amine hydrochloride and 11.5 L toluene were added at 25 to 35°C. 1.08 Kg (3.32 mol) cesium carbonate was added. The reaction mixture was purged for 15 min under nitrogen. 17.21 g (27.6 mmol) palladium acetate and 6.21 g (27.6 mmol) racemic 2,2′-bis(diphenylphosphino)-l, -binaphthyl were added. The reaction mass was stirred for 6 hours at 110 tol l5 °C under nitrogen. After the completion of the reaction, the reaction mixture was filtered through a celite bed and washed with toluene. The filtrate was used as such in the next step without further treatment.

Example-13: Preparation of tert-butyl (R)-4-(2-((4-cyclopropyl-5-fluoro-6-methylpyridin-2-yl)amino)-4-((l,5-dimethyl-lH-pyrazol-3-yl)amino) pyrimidin-5-yl)-2-methylpiperazine-l-carboxylate

In 500 mL four neck round bottom flask, 7.5 g (17.77 mmol) (R)-tert-butyl 4-(2-chloro-4-[(l,5-dimethyl-lH-pyrazol-3-yl)amino)pyrimidin-5-yl]-2-methylpiperazine-l-carboxylate, 3.92 g (17.77 mmol) 4-cyclopropyl-5-fluoro-6-methylpyridin-2-amine hydrochloride compound and 150 mL toluene were added at 25 to 35 °C. 20 g (61.3 mmol) cesium carbonate was added. The reaction mixture was purged for 15 min under nitrogen. Then, 130 mg (0.58 mmol) palladium acetate and 360 mg (0.58 mmol) racemic 2,2′-bis(diphenylphosphino)-l,l’-binaphthyl were added. The reaction mass was stirred for 18 hours at 110 to 115° C under nitrogen. After completion, the reaction mixture was filtered through a celite bed and washed with toluene. The filtrate was used as such in the next step without further treatment.

2 4

Example-14: (R)-N -(4-cyclopropyl-5-fluoro-6-methylpyridin-2-yl)-N -(1, 5-dimethyl-lH-pyrazol-3-yl)-5-(3-methylpiperazin-l-yl)pyrimidine-2,4-diamine

In 50 L glass assembly, the filtrate containing tert-butyl (R)-4-(2-((4-cyclopropyl-5-fluoro-6-methylpyridin-2-yl)amino)-4-((l,5-dimethyl-lH-pyrazol-3-yl)amino) pyrimidin-5-yl)-2-methylpiperazine-l-carboxylate from example 13 was taken. 11.5 L water and 1.28 L Cone. HC1 were added at 25 to 35 °C. The reaction mass was stirred for 2 hours at 50 to 55 °C. After the completion of the reaction, reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and filtered over celite bed and washed with water. The separated the aqueous layer from filtrate was basified by using 20% sodium carbonate solution and extracted with 12.8 L methylene dichloride. The organic layer was distilled completely under vacuum to obtain residue. 9.6 L acetonitrile was added to the residue and heated to reflux for 30 min. The reaction mixture was cooled and stirred at 25 to 35 °C for 1 hour. The reaction mixture was filtered, washed with 640 mL acetonitrile and dried to obtain 360 g titled compound.

2 4

Example-15: (R)-N -(4-cyclopropyl-5-fluoro-6-methylpyridin-2-yl)-N -(1,5-dimethyl-lH-pyrazol-3-yl)-5-(3,4-dimethylpiperazin-l-yl)pyrimidine-2,4-diamine

In 250 mL four neck round bottom flask, 4.7 g (10.4 mmol) (R)-N -(4-cyclopropyl-5-fluoro-6-methylpyridin-2-yl)-N⁴-(l,5-dimethyl-lH-pyrazol-3-yl)-5-(3,4-dimethylpiperazin-l-yl)pyrimidine-2,4-diamine was dissolved in 56 mL ethanol. 1.89 g (23.32 mmol) formaldehyde and 1.44 g (22.90 mmol) sodium cyanoborohydride were added. Adjusted pH 5-6 using acetic acid and stirred the reaction mass at 25 to 35 °C for 2 hours. After completion, ethanol was distilled completely under vacuum. 47 mL water was added to the residue. The reaction mass was basified by 20% sodium carbonate solution and extracted with methylene dichloride. Both the organic layers were combined and distilled completely under vacuum. 94 mL acetonitrile was added to the residue and heated to reflux for 15 min. The reaction mass was cooled to 25 to 35° C and stirred for 1 hour. The reaction mass was filtered, washed with 5 mL acetonitrile and dried to obtain 3.7 g title compound as crystalline solid, having HPLC purity of about 99.61%.

2 4

Example-16: (R)-N -(4-cyclopropyl-5-fluoro-6-methylpyridin-2-yl)-N -(1,5-dimethyl-lH-pyrazol-3-yl)-5-(3,4-dimethylpiperazin-l-yl)pyrimidine-2,4-diamine

In 20 L round bottom flask, 725 g (1.60 mol) (R)-N²-(4-cyclopropyl-5-fluoro-6-methylpyridin-2-yl)-N⁴-(l,5-dimethyl-lH-pyrazol-3-yl)-5-(3,4-dimethylpiperazine-l-yl)pyrimidine-2,4-diamine was dissolved in 6.52 L dichloromethane. 261.5 g (3.2 mol) formaldehyde and 510.4 g (2.4 mol) sodium triacetoxyborohydride were added and stirred the reaction mixture at 25 to 35 °C for 2 hours. After the completion of the reaction, 3.63 L water was added into the reaction mixture. The reaction mixture was basified by 20% sodium carbonate solution and the organic layer was separated. The aqueous layer was extracted with 1.45 L methylene dichloride. The combined organic layers were distilled completely under vacuum. 14.5 L acetonitrile was added to the residue and heated to reflux for 15 min. The reaction mixture was cooled to 25 to 35° C and stirred for 1 hour. The reaction mass was filtered, washed with 1.45 L acetonitrile and dried to obtain 632 g of title compound as crystalline solid having 99.01% HPLC purity. The crystalline compound is characterized by Powder x-ray diffraction pattern (FIG.l) and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (FIG.2).

2 4

Example-17: Preparation of (R)-N -(4-cyclopropyl-5-fluoro-6-methylpyridin-2-yl)-N -(l,5-dimethyl-lH-pyrazol-3-yl)-5-(3,4-dimethylpiperazin-l-yl)pyrimidine-2,4-diamine In a 10 mL round bottom flask, 300 mg (0.644 mmol) (R)-N²-(4-cyclopropyl-5-fluoro-6-methylpyridin-2-yl)-N⁴-(l,5-dimethyl-lH-pyrazol-3-yl)-5-(3,4-dimethylpiperazin-l-yl)pyrimidine-2,4-diamine, 2.7 mL acetonitrile and 0.3 mL water were added and the reaction mixture was heated to reflux for 15 min. The reaction mixture was cooled to 25 to 35 °C and stirred for 1 hour. The reaction mass was filtered, washed with acetonitrile and dried to obtain 201 mg (67%) title compound as crystalline solid. The crystalline compound is characterized by Powder x-ray diffraction pattern (FIG.3) and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (FIG.4).

SYN

WO 2015165660

https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=WO2015165660

Example 13

Synthetic scheme 1

Synthetic scheme 2

(R)-N2-(4-cyclopropyl-5-fluoro-6-methylpyridin-2-yl)-N4-(1,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl)-5-(3,4-dimethylpiperazin-1-yl)pyrimidine-2,4-diamine

In a 50 mL round-bottomed flask (R)-N2-(4-cyclopropyl-5-fluoro-6-methylpyridin-2-yl)-N4-(1,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl)-5-(3-methylpiperazin-1-yl)pyrimidine-2,4-diamine hydrochloride (190 mg, 0.42 mmol, Example 2) was taken in DCM (2 mL) to give a yellow suspension. To this Hunig’s Base (0.184 mL, 1.05 mmol) was added and the suspension turned clear. After 10 minutes, it turned into a white suspension. After another 10 minutes, the mixture was concentrated to dryness. Resultant residue was dissolved in ethanol (absolute, 99.5%) (3 mL) and formaldehyde (0.042 mL, 0.63 mmol) was added and stirred for 10 minutes. White suspension slowly cleared to yellow solution. To this clear solution sodium cyanoborohydride (26.4 mg, 0.42 mmol) was added in one portion to get white suspension. After 30 minutes LCMS showed completion of reaction. The reaction mixture was concentrated and the crude was purified through reverse phase HPLC GILSON instrument to get the pure solid of (R)-N2-(4-cyclopropyl-5-fluoro-6-methylpyridin-2-yl)-N4-(1,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl)-5-(3,4-dimethylpiperazin-1-yl)pyrimidine-2,4-diamine (80 mg, 40.8 %).¹H NMR (300

MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ ppm 0.67 – 0.78 (m, 2 H) 1.00 (d, J=6.22 Hz, 3 H) 1.02 – 1.08 (m, 2 H) 1.96 – 2.10 (m, 1 H) 2.23 (s, 7 H) 2.30 – 2.38 (m, 4 H) 2.73 – 2.96 (m, 4 H) 3.33 (s, 3 H) 6.83 (s, 1 H) 7.67 (d, J=5.09 Hz, 1 H) 8.00 (s, 1 H) 8.03 (s, 1 H) 9.26 (s,1 H) MS (ES⁺), (M+H)⁺ = 466.45 for C₂₁H₃₂FN₉.

SYN

Nature Communications (2015), 6, 6715.

https://www.nature.com/articles/ncomms7715

Hameed P., S., Solapure, S., Patil, V. et al. Triaminopyrimidine is a fast-killing and long-acting antimalarial clinical candidate. Nat Commun 6, 6715 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms7715

The widespread emergence of Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) strains resistant to frontline agents has fuelled the search for fast-acting agents with novel mechanism of action. Here, we report the discovery and optimization of novel antimalarial compounds, the triaminopyrimidines (TAPs), which emerged from a phenotypic screen against the blood stages of Pf. The clinical candidate (compound 12) is efficacious in a mouse model of Pf malaria with an ED₉₉ <30 mg kg⁻¹ and displays good in vivo safety margins in guinea pigs and rats. With a predicted half-life of 36 h in humans, a single dose of 260 mg might be sufficient to maintain therapeutic blood concentration for 4–5 days. Whole-genome sequencing of resistant mutants implicates the vacuolar ATP synthase as a genetic determinant of resistance to TAPs. Our studies highlight the potential of TAPs for single-dose treatment of Pf malaria in combination with other agents in clinical development.

(A) Pyridine, microwave, 150 °C, 45 min. (B) (i) POCl₃, reflux, 6 h (ii) sodium carbonate, di-tert-butyl dicarbonate, room temperature, 16 h. (C) N,N-Diisopropylethylamine (DIPEA), ethanol, microwave, 110 °C, 1 h. (D) (i) Potassium tert-butoxide, 2,2′-bis(diphenylphosphino)-1,1′-binaphthyl (BINAP), pd₂(dba)₃, toluene, reflux, 12 h. (E) HCl (4 N) in dioxane, 15–30 min. (F) Compound 9, DIPEA, dichloromethane, formaldehyde (HCHO), sodium cyanoborohydride, 15 min.

Synthesis of (R)-N2-(4-cyclopropyl-5-fluoro-6-methylpyridin-2-yl)-N4-(1, 5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl)-5-(3, 4-dimethylpiperazin-1-yl)pyrimidine-2,4-diamine (12). (R)-N2-(4-cyclopropyl-5-fluoro-6-methylpyridin-2-yl)-N4-(1,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl)-5-(3-methylpiperazin-1-yl)pyrimidine-2,4-diamine hydrochloride (compound 9, 190 mg, 0.42 mmol) was taken in dichloromethane (2 ml) to give a yellow suspension. To this Hunig’s Base (0.184 ml, 1.05 mmol) was added and the suspension turned clear. After 10 min of stirring, reaction mixture turned into a white suspension and then it was concentrated to dryness. Resultant residue was dissolved in ethanol (absolute, 99.5%) (3 ml), and formaldehyde (0.042 ml, 0.63 mmol) was added and stirred for 10 min. To this clear solution, sodium cyanoborohydride (26.4 mg, 0.42 mmol) was added in one portion to get a white suspension. The reaction mixture was concentrated and the crude product was purified through reverse-phase chromatography to get the pure off-white solid of (R)-N2-(4-cyclopropyl-5-fluoro-6-methylpyridin-2-yl)-N4-(1, 5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl)-5-(3,4-dimethylpiperazin-1-yl)pyrimidine-2,4-diamine (80 mg, 40.8%). Yield: 40.8%, purity: >95% by HPLC (ultraviolet at 220 and 254 nm). ¹H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ 9.26 (s,1H), 8.03 (s, 1H) 8.00 (s, 1H) 7.67 (d, J=5.1 Hz, 1H) 6.83 (s, 1H) 3.33 (s, 3H) 2.96–2.73 (m, 4H) 2.75–2.50 (m, 1H) 2.38–2.30 (m, 4H) 2.23 (s, 7H) 2.10–1.96 (m, 1H),1.08–1.02 (m, 2H) 1.00 (d, J=6.2 Hz, 3H) 0.78–0.67 (m, 2H). ¹³C-NMR (126 MHz, DMO-d₆) δ 155.30, 154.67, 152.10, 150.93, 148.98, 146.81. 145.29, 141.95, 140.31, 138.81, 124.91, 106.20, 97.07, 58.78, 51.87, 42.16, 35.28, 17.23. 10.99 and 8.77, HRMS (ESI): m/z calculated for C₂₄H₃₂FN₉+H [M+H]: 466.2765. Found: 466. 2838. Traces of LC-MS, HRMS, ¹H NMR and ¹³C-NMR of compound 12 are shown in Supplementary Figs 1–3.

Product vision	Uncomplicated malaria treatment and resistance management
MoA	Unknown
Key features	Predicted human dose 900mg for a 9-log parasite killing Low resistance potential from in vitro studies
Challenges	Synthesis and cost of goods
Status	First-in-human study started in February 2019
Next milestone	Initiate phase IIb study of ZY19489 with FQ
Previously	Discovery partnership between MMV and AstraZeneca, Bangalore Name AZ13721412; full reference name is MMV674253

Zydus receives Orphan Drug Designation from USFDA for ZY-19489, a novel compound to treat malaria;

https://www.indiainfoline.com/article/news-top-story/zydus-receives-orphan-drug-designation-from-usfda-for-zy-19489-a-novel-compound-to-treat-malaria-stock-down-1-121121600282_1.html

ZY19489 is a novel antimalarial compound active against all current clinical strains of P. falciparum and P. vivax, including drug-resistant strains.

December 16, 2021 11:38 IST | India Infoline News Service

Zydus Cadila listed as Cadila Healthcare Limited announced that its antimalarial compound ZY19489 (MMV253), currently in development together with Medicines for Malaria Venture (MMV), a leading product development partnership (PDP) in antimalarial drug research, has received Orphan Drug Designation from the USFDA.

Orphan drug designation provides eligibility for certain development incentives, including tax credits for qualified clinical testing, prescription drug user fee exemptions, and seven-year marketing exclusivity upon FDA approval.

The company said that the Phase I study of ZY19489 has demonstrated a long half-life and potential for a single-dose cure for malaria. In a separate malaria challenge trial, potent antimalarial activity has been demonstrated following single-dose oral administration of ZY19489.

“As a global community facing threats from rapidly mutating malaria strains and the rise in artemisinin resistance cases, we have to be prepared with novel therapeutic drugs. ZY-19489 is a potential single dose radical cure for P. falciparum and P. vivax malaria which is a major global health risk today,” Pankaj R. Patel, Chairman, Zydus Group, said.

“ZY19489 is a potent, first in class molecule, originally discovered and elaborated in India” said Dr. Timothy Wells, Chief Scientific Officer, MMV. “It has tremendous potential as part of a new generation of treatments and is fully active against drug resistant strains of malaria which are increasingly a concern.”

Artemisinin resistance is seen as a mounting challenge to the global fight against malaria. ZY19489 is being developed to provide an effective alternative to the current front-line antimalarial drugs for the treatment of P. falciparum and P. vivax malaria, as artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) are under threat of resistance.

As per the World Malaria Report 2021, there were an estimated 241 million cases of malaria worldwide and the estimated number of malaria deaths stood at 627,000 in 2020. A major health concern, it is estimated that a child dies from malaria every minute. About 96% of malaria deaths globally were in 29 countries. India accounted for about 82% of all malaria deaths in the WHO South-East Asia Region.

CLIP

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/331969151_The_past_present_and_future_of_anti-malarial_medicines

Identiﬁed by AstraZeneca in 2015, MMV253 is a novel triaminopyrimidine (TAP) that has shown good

invitro potency and in vivo eﬃcacy, and acts through another novel MoA [81].

High-throughput screening of 500,000 compounds from AstraZeneca’s library against blood stage P. falci–

parum resulted in the identiﬁcation of a promising series of TAPs. e initial hit (M’1, Fig.9) suﬀered from hERG

inhibition and poor solubility which, through lead opti–mization, was improved upon to give a compound that

possessed high potency and desirable pharmacokinetic properties (MMV253).

When screened against numerous mutant resist–ant strains with various mechanisms of resistance,

MMV253 showed no spontaneous reduction in potency which can be attributed to its novel MoA (PfATP4 inhi–

bition, vide infra). Good in vitro-in vivo correlation (IVIVC) was shown with a predicted human half-life

of ∼36 h (which is long compared to another fast-kill–ing drug, artemisinin, which has a human half-life of 1

hour).

As of late 2016, the pharmaceutical company CadilaHealthcare owns the license for the compound series and

is now doing further lead development in order to pro–gress the drug through preclinical trials [82

81. Hameed PS, Solapure S, Patil V, Henrich PP, Magistrado PA, Bharath S, et al. Triaminopyrimidine is a fast-killing and long-acting antimalarial clinical candidate. Nat Commun. 2015;6:6715.

82. MMV and Zydus join forces to develop new antimalarial 2017. https ://http://www.mmv.org/newsr oom/press -relea ses/mmv-and-zydus -join-forces-devel op-new-antim alari al. Accessed 17 June 2018

////////////ZY 19489, MMV 253, Orphan Drug Designation, PHASE 1, ZYDUS CADILA, ANTIMALARIAL

Cn1nc(Nc2nc(Nc3cc(C4CC4)c(F)c(C)n3)ncc2N2C[C@@H](C)N(C)CC2)cc1C

CC1CN(CCN1C)C2=CN=C(N=C2NC3=NN(C(=C3)C)C)NC4=NC(=C(C(=C4)C5CC5)F)C

RP 12146

November 11, 2021 3:16 am / 1 Comment on RP 12146

RP 12146

RP-12146 is an oral poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor in phase I clinical development at Rhizen Pharmaceuticals for the treatment of adult patients with locally advanced or metastatic solid tumors.

Solid TumorExtensive-stage Small-cell Lung CancerLocally Advanced Breast CancerMetastatic Breast CancerPlatinum-sensitive Ovarian CancerPlatinum-Sensitive Fallopian Tube CarcinomaPlatinum-Sensitive Peritoneal Cancer

Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) defines a family of 17 enzymes that cleaves NAD+ to nicotinamide and ADP-ribose to form long and branched (ADP-ribose) polymers on glutamic acid residues of a number of target proteins, including PARP itself. The addition of negatively charged polymers profoundly alters the properties and functions of the acceptor proteins. Poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation is involved in the regulation of many cellular processes, such as DNA repair, gene transcription, cell cycle progression, cell death, chromatin functions and genomic stability. These functions have been mainly attributed to PARP-1 that is regarded as the best characterized member of the PARP family. However, the identification of novel genes encoding PARPs, together with the characterization of their structure and subcellular localization, have disclosed different roles for poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation in cells, including telomere replication and cellular transport.

Recently, poly(ADP-ribose) binding sites have been identified in many DNA damage checkpoint proteins, such as tumor suppressor p53, cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21^Cip1/waf1, DNA damage recognition factors (i.e., the nucleotide excision repair xeroderma pigmentosum group A complementing protein and the mismatch repair protein MSH6), base excision repair (BER) proteins (i.e. DNA ligase III, X-ray repair cross-complementing 1, and XRCC1), DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK), cell death and survival regulators (i.e.,

NF-kB, inducible nitric oxide synthase, and telomerase). These findings suggest that the different components of the PARP family might be involved in the DNA damage signal network, thus regulating protein-protein and protein-DNA interactions and, consequently, different types of cellular responses to genotoxic stress. In addition to its involvement in BER and single strand breaks (SSB) repair, PARP-1 appears to aid in the non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ) and homologous recombination (HR) pathways of double strand breaks (DSB) repair. See Lucio Tentori et al., Pharmacological Research, Vol. 45, No. 2, 2002, page 73-85.

PARP inhibition might be a useful therapeutic strategy not only for the treatment of BRCA mutations but also for the treatment of a wider range of tumors bearing a variety of deficiencies in the HR pathway. Further, the existing clinical data (e.g., Csaba Szabo et al., British Journal of Pharmacology (2018) 175: 192-222) also indicate that stroke, traumatic brain injury, circulatory shock and acute myocardial infarction are some of the indications where PARP activation has been demonstrated to contribute to tissue necrosis and inflammatory responses.

As of now, four PARP inhibitors, namely olaparib, talazoparib, niraparib, and rucaparib have been approved for human use by regulatory authorities around the world.

Patent literature related to PARP inhibitors includes International Publication Nos. WO 2000/42040, WO 2001/016136, WO 2002/036576, WO 2002/090334, WO2003/093261, WO 2003/106430, WO 2004/080976, WO 2004/087713, WO 2005/012305, WO 2005/012524, WO 2005/012305, WO 2005/012524, WO 2005/053662, W02006/033003, W02006/033007, WO 2006/033006, WO 2006/021801, WO 2006/067472, WO 2007/144637, WO 2007/144639, WO 2007/144652, WO 2008/047082, WO 2008/114114, WO 2009/050469, WO 2011/098971, WO 2015/108986, WO 2016/028689, WO 2016/165650, WO 2017/153958, WO 2017/191562, WO 2017/123156, WO 2017/140283, WO 2018/197463, WO 2018/038680 and WO 2018/108152, each of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety for all purposes.

There still remains an unmet need for new PARP inhibitors for the treatment of various diseases and disorders associated with cell proliferation, such as cancer.

PATENT

https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=WO2021220120&tab=PCTDESCRIPTION&_cid=P10-KVUCV7-72239-1

Illustration 1

CLIP

https://cancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/81/13_Supplement/1233

Abstract 1233: Preclinical profile of RP12146, a novel, selective, and potent small molecule inhibitor of PARP1/2

Srikant Viswanadha, Satyanarayana Eleswarapu, Kondababu Rasamsetti, Debnath Bhuniya, Gayatriswaroop Merikapudi, Sridhar Veeraraghavan and Swaroop VakkalankaProceedings: AACR Annual Meeting 2021; April 10-15, 2021 and May 17-21, 2021; Philadelphia, PA

Abstract

Background: Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) activity involves synthesis of Poly-ADP ribose (PAR) polymers that recruit host DNA repair proteins leading to correction of DNA damage and maintenance of cell viability. Upon combining with DNA damaging cytotoxic agents, PARP inhibitors have been reported to demonstrate chemo- and radio-potentiation albeit with incidences of myelosuppression. A need therefore exists for the development selective PARP1/2 inhibitors with a high therapeutic window to fully exploit their potential as a single agent or in combination with established therapy across various tumor types. Additionally, with the emerging concept of ‘synthetic lethality’, the applicability PARP inhibitors can be expanded to cancers beyond the well-defined BRCA defects. Herein, we describe the preclinical profile of RP12146, a novel and selective small molecule inhibitor of PARP1 and PARP2.

Methods: Enzymatic potency was evaluated using a PARP Chemiluminescent Activity Assay Kit (BPS biosciences). Cell growth was determined following incubation with RP12146 in BRCA1 mutant and wild-type cell lines across indications. Apoptosis was evaluated following incubation of cell lines with compound for 120 h, subsequent staining with Annexin-V-PE and 7-AAD, and analysis by flow cytometry. For cell cycle, cells were incubated with compound for 72 h, and stained with Propidium Iodide prior to analysis by flow cytometry. Expression of downstream PAR, PARP-trapping, phospho-γH2AX and cleaved PARP expression were determined in UWB1.289 (BRCA1 null) cells by Western blotting. Anti-tumor potential of RP12146 was tested in OVCAR-3 Xenograft model. Pharmacokinetic properties of the molecule were also evaluated. Results: RP12146 demonstrated equipotent inhibition of PARP1 (0.6 nM) and PARP2 (0.5 nM) with several fold selectivity over the other members of the PARP family. Compound caused a dose-dependent growth inhibition of both BRCA mutant and non-mutant cancer cell lines with GI₅₀ in the range of 0.04 µM to 9.6 µM. Incubation of UWB1.289 cells with RP12146 caused a G2/M arrest with a corresponding dose-dependent increase in the percent of apoptotic cells. Expression of PAR was inhibited by 86% at 10 nM with a 2.3-fold increase in PARP-trapping observed at 100 nM in presence of RP12146. A four-fold increase in phospho-γH2AX and > 2-fold increase in cleaved PARP expression was observed at 3 µM of the compound. RP12146 exhibited anti-tumor potential with TGI of 28% as a single agent in OVCAR-3 xenograft model. Efficay was superior compared to Olaparib tested at an equivalent dose. Pharmacokinetic studies in rodents indicated high bioavailability with favorable plasma concentrations relevant for efficacy

Conclusions: Data demonstrate the therapeutic potential of RP12146 in BRCA mutant tumors. Testing in patients is planned in H1 2021.

Citation Format: Srikant Viswanadha, Satyanarayana Eleswarapu, Kondababu Rasamsetti, Debnath Bhuniya, Gayatriswaroop Merikapudi, Sridhar Veeraraghavan, Swaroop Vakkalanka. Preclinical profile of RP12146, a novel, selective, and potent small molecule inhibitor of PARP1/2 [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2021; 2021 Apr 10-15 and May 17-21. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2021;81(13_Suppl):Abstract nr 1233.

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https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20211101005515/en/Rhizen-Pharmaceuticals-AG-Announces-First-Patient-Dosing-in-a-Phase-IIb-Study-of-Its-Novel-PARP-Inhibitor-RP12146-in-Patients-With-Advanced-Solid-Tumors

Rhizen Pharmaceuticals AG Announces First Patient Dosing in a Phase I/Ib Study of Its Novel PARP Inhibitor (RP12146) in Patients With Advanced Solid Tumors

RHIZEN’S PARP INHIBITOR EFFORTS ARE PART OF A LARGER DDR PLATFORM THAT ALSO INCLUDES AN EARLY STAGE POLθ-DIRECTED PROGRAM; PLATFORM ENABLES PROPRIETARY IN-HOUSE COMBINATIONS

Rhizen Pharma commences dosing in a phase I/Ib trial to evaluate its novel PARP inhibitor (RP12146) in patients with advanced cancers.
Rhizen indicated that RP12146 has comparable preclinical activity vis-à-vis approved PARP inhibitors and shows improved preclinical safety that it expects will translate in the clinic.
The two-part multi-center phase I/Ib study is being conducted in Europe and is designed to initially determine safety, tolerability and MTD/RP2D of RP12146 and to subsequently assess its anti-tumor activity in expansion cohorts with HRR mutation-enriched ES-SCLC, ovarian and breast cancer patients.
RP12146 is part of a larger DDR platform at Rhizen that includes a preclinical-stage Polθ inhibitor program; the DDR platform enables novel, proprietary, in-house combinations

November 01, 2021 07:24 AM Eastern Daylight Time

BASEL, Switzerland–(BUSINESS WIRE)–Rhizen Pharmaceuticals AG (Rhizen), a Switzerland-based privately held, clinical-stage oncology & inflammation-focused biopharmaceutical company, announced today that it has commenced dosing in a multi-center, phase I/Ib trial to evaluate its novel poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor (RP12146) in patients with advanced solid tumors. This two-part multi-center phase I/Ib study is being conducted in Europe and has been designed to initially determine safety, tolerability, maximum tolerated dose (MTD), and/or recommended phase II dose (RP2D) of RP12146 and to subsequently assess its anti-tumor activity in expansion cohorts with HRR mutation-enriched ES-SCLC, ovarian and breast cancer patients.

“Our PARP program is foundational for our DDR platform efforts and will be the backbone for several novel proprietary combinations that we hope to bring into development going forward.”
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Rhizen indicated that RP12146 has shown preclinical activity and efficacy comparable to the approved PARP inhibitor Olaparib, and shows improved safety as seen in the preclinical IND-enabling toxicology studies; an advantage that Rhizen hopes will translate in the clinical studies. Rhizen also announced that its PARP program is part of a larger DNA Damage Response (DDR) platform effort, which includes a preclinical-stage polymerase theta (Polθ) inhibitor program. Rhizen expects the platform to enable novel proprietary combinations of its PARP and Polθ assets given the mechanistic synergy and opportunity across PARP resistant/refractory settings.

“PARP inhibitors are a great success story in the DNA damage response area, but they are not without safety concerns that have limited realization of their full potential. Although our novel PARP inhibitor is competing in a crowded space, we expect its superior preclinical safety to translate into the clinic which will differentiate our program and allow us to extend its application beyond the current landscape of approved indications and combinations”, said Swaroop Vakkalanka, Founder & CEO of Rhizen Pharma. Swaroop also added that “Our PARP program is foundational for our DDR platform efforts and will be the backbone for several novel proprietary combinations that we hope to bring into development going forward.”

About Rhizen Pharmaceuticals AG.:

Rhizen Pharmaceuticals is an innovative, clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company focused on the discovery and development of novel oncology & inflammation therapeutics. Since its establishment in 2008, Rhizen has created a diverse pipeline of proprietary drug candidates targeting several cancers and immune associated cellular pathways.

Rhizen has proven expertise in the PI3K modulator space with the discovery of our first PI3Kδ & CK1ε asset Umbralisib, that has been successfully developed & commercialized in MZL & FL by our licensing partner TG Therapeutics (TGTX) in USA. Beyond this, Rhizen has a deep oncology & inflammation pipeline spanning discovery to phase II clinical development stages.

Rhizen is headquartered in Basel, Switzerland.

REF

Safety, Pharmacokinetics and Anti-tumor Activity of RP12146, a PARP Inhibitor, in Patients With Locally Advanced or Metastatic Solid Tumors….https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05002868

//////////RP 12146, oral poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor, phase I, clinical development, INCOZEN, Rhizen Pharmaceuticals, adult patients, locally advanced, metastatic solid tumors, PARP, CANCER

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XL 114, AUR 104 and XL 102, AUR 102 (NO CONCLUSIONS, ONLY PREDICTIONS)

October 16, 2021 6:01 am / Leave a comment

File:Animated-Flag-India.gif - Wikimedia Commons

XL 114

FOR BOTH, JUST PREDICTION

PREDICTIONS

N[C@@H](CO)c1nc(on1)[C@@H](NC(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)O)C(C)O)CC(N)=O

(2S)-2-[[(1S)-3-amino-1-[3-[(1R)-1-amino-2-hydroxyethyl]-1,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl]-3-oxopropyl]carbamoylamino]-3-hydroxybutanoic acid

CAS 2305027-62-5

C₁₂ H₂₀ N₆ O_{7, 360.32}Threonine, N-[[[(1S)-3-amino-1-[3-[(1R)-1-amino-2-hydroxyethyl]-1,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl]-3-oxopropyl]amino]carbonyl]-, (2S,3ξ)-N[C@@H](CO)c1nc(on1)[C@@H](NC(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)O)C(C)O)CC(N)=O

ALSO SEE

(2S,3R)-2-[[(1S)-3-Amino-1-[3-[(1R)-1-amino-2-hydroxyethyl]-1,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl]-3-oxopropyl]carbamoylamino]-3-hydroxybutanoic acid.png

1673534-76-3C₁₂ H₂₀ N₆ O_{7, 360.32}
L-Threonine, N-[[[(1S)-3-amino-1-[3-[(1R)-1-amino-2-hydroxyethyl]-1,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl]-3-oxopropyl]amino]
(2S,3R)-2-[[(1S)-3-amino-1-[3-[(1R)-1-amino-2-hydroxyethyl]-1,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl]-3-oxopropyl]carbamoylamino]-3-hydroxybutanoic acidN-[[[(1S)-3-Amino-1-[3-[(1R)-1-amino-2-hydroxyethyl]-1,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl]-3-oxopropyl]amino]carbonyl]-L-threonine

CAS 1673534-76-3

PD-1-IN-1 free base, EX-A1918, CS-6240, NSC-799645, CA-170 (AUPM-170)|PDL1 inhibitor, HY-101093, PD-1-IN-1

N[C@@H](CO)c1nc(on1)[C@@H](NC(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)O)[C@@H](C)O)CC(N)=O

XL 114, AUR 104

A novel covalent inhibitor of FABP5 for cancer therapy

XL 102, AUR 102

A potent, selective and orally bioavailable inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase 7 (CDK7)

NO CONCLUSIONS, ONLY PREDICTIONS

PREDICTIONS MORE

(2R,3R)-2-[[(1S)-3-amino-1-[3-[(1R)-1-amino-2-hydroxyethyl]-1,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl]-3-oxopropyl]carbamoylamino]-3-hydroxybutanoic acid

C12H20N6O7, 360.32

(2S,3S)-2-[[(1S)-3-amino-1-[3-[(1S)-1-amino-2-hydroxyethyl]-1,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl]-3-oxopropyl]carbamoylamino]-3-hydroxybutanoic acid

XL102, AUR 102

XL102 is a potent, selective and orally bioavailable covalent inhibitor of CDK7, which is an important regulator of the cellular transcriptional and cell cycle machinery. CDK7 helps regulate cell cycle progression, with overexpression observed in multiple cancers, such as breast, prostate and ovarian cancers. In preclinical studies, XL102 revealed potent anti-proliferative activity, induced cell death in a large panel of cancer cell lines and caused tumor growth inhibition and regression in xenograft models, demonstrating its potential as a targeted antitumor agent.

In late 2020, Exelixis exercised its option to in-license XL102 (formerly AUR102) from Aurigene per the companies’ July 2019 collaboration, option and license agreement. Exelixis has assumed responsibility for the future clinical development, manufacturing and commercialization of XL102. Aurigene retains limited development and commercial rights for India and Russia.

SYN

ABOUT Fatty acid-binding proteins (FABPs)

Fatty acid-binding proteins (FABPs) are involved in binding and storing hydrophobic ligands such as long-chain fatty acids, as well as transporting them to the appropriate compartments in the cell. Epidermal fatty acid-binding protein (FABP5) is an intracellular lipid-binding protein that is abundantly expressed in adipocytes and macrophages. Previous studies have revealed that the FABP5 expression level is closely related to malignancy in various types of cancer. However, its precise functions in the metabolisms of cancer cells remain unclear. Here, we revealed that FABP5 knockdown significantly induced downregulation of the genes expression, such as hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL), monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL), elongation of long-chain fatty acid member 6 (Elovl6), and acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 1 (ACSL1), which are involved in altered lipid metabolism, lipolysis, and de novo FA synthesis in highly aggressive prostate and breast cancer cells. Moreover, we demonstrated that FABP5 induced inflammation and cytokine production through the nuclear factor-kappa B signaling pathway activated by reactive oxygen species and protein kinase C in PC-3 and MDA-MB-231 cells. Thus, FABP5 might regulate lipid quality and/or quantity to promote aggressiveness such as cell growth, invasiveness, survival, and inflammation in prostate and breast cancer cells. In the present study, we have revealed for the first time that high expression of FABP5 plays a critical role in alterations of lipid metabolism, leading to cancer development and metastasis in highly aggressive prostate and breast cancer cells.

Fatty acid-binding protein, epidermal is a protein that in humans is encoded by the FABP5 gene

Function

This gene encodes the fatty acid binding protein found in epidermal cells, and was first identified as being upregulated in psoriasis tissue. Fatty acid binding proteins are a family of small, highly conserved, cytoplasmic proteins that bind long-chain fatty acids and other hydrophobic ligands. It is thought that FABPs roles include fatty acid uptake, transport, and metabolism.^[6]

The phytocannabinoids (THC and CBD) inhibit endocannabinoid anandamide (AEA) uptake by targeting FABP5, and competition for FABPs may in part or wholly explain the increased circulating levels of endocannabinoids reported after consumption of cannabinoids.^[7] Results show that cannabinoids inhibit keratinocyte proliferation, and therefore support a potential role for cannabinoids in the treatment of psoriasis.^[8]

Interactions

FABP5 has been shown to interact with S100A7.^[

ABOUT CD47/SIRPa axis

CD47/SIRPa axis is established as a critical regulator of myeloid cell activation and serves as an immune checkpoint for macrophage mediated phagocytosis. Because of its frequent upregulation in several cancers, CD47 contributes to immune evasion and cancer progression. CD47 regulates phagocytosis primarily through interactions with SIRPla expressed on macrophages. Blockade of SIRPla/CD47 has been shown to dramatically enhance tumor cell phagocytosis and dendritic cells maturation for better antigen presentation leading to substantially improved antitumor responses in preclinical models of cancer (M. P. Chao et al. Curr Opin Immunol. 2012 (2): 225-232). Disruption of CD47-SIRPa interaction is now being evaluated as a therapeutic strategy for cancer with the use of monoclonal antibodies targeting CD47 or SIRPa and engineered receptor decoys.

CD47 is expressed on virtually all non-malignant cells, and blocking the CD47 or the loss of CD47 expression or changes in membrane distribution can serve as markers of aged or damaged cells, particularly on red blood cells (RBC). Alternatively, blocking SIRPa also allows engulfment of targets that are not normally phagocytosed, for those cells where pre-phagocytic signals are also present. CD47 is a broadly expressed transmembrane glycoprotein with a single Ig-like domain and five membrane- spanning regions, which functions as a cellular ligand for SIRPa with binding mediated through the NH₂-terminal V-like domain of SIRPa. SIRPa is expressed primarily on myeloid cells, including macrophages, granulocytes, myeloid dendritic cells (DCs), mast cells, and their precursors, including hematopoietic stem cells.

CD47 is also constitutively upregulated on a number of cancers such as Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL), Acute myeloid leukemia (AML), breast, colon, glioblastoma, glioma, ovarian, bladder and prostate cancers, etc. Overexpression of CD47 by tumor cells, which efficiently helps them to escape immune surveillance and killing by innate immune cells. However, in most of the tumor types, blockade of the CD47-SIRPa interaction as a single agent may not be capable of inducing significant phagocytosis and antitumor immunity, necessitating the need to combine with other therapeutic agents. The concomitant engagement of activating receptors such as Fc-receptors (FcRs) or other prophagocytic receptors (collectively known as “eat-me” signals) may be necessary for exploiting the maximum potential of the CD-47-SIPRa pathway blockade.

The role of engagement of prophagocytic receptors is proved by inefficiency to trigger phagocytosis either by anti-CD47 F(ab) fragments, single chain variable fragments of CD-47 or non-Fc portion- containing SIRPa proteins in blocking of the CD47-SIRPa interaction. When activating prophagocytic receptors are engaged, as evident in the case of using Fc portion-containing blocking anti-CD47 antibodies, CD47- SIRPa blockade is able to trigger more efficient phagocytosis. Combining CD47-SIRPa blocking agents with therapeutic antibodies (Fc-containing) targeting tumor antigens stimulate activating Fc receptors (FcRs) leading to efficient phagocytosis. The Fc portion of therapeutic antibody targeting tumor antigen also induces antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), which also adds to the therapeutic efficacy. Hence antibodies selected from the group consisting of rituximab, herceptin, trastuzumab, alemtuzumab, bevacizumab, cetuximab and panitumumab, daratumumab due to its tumor targeting nature and ADCC, can trigger more efficient phagocytosis.

Earlier approaches to disrupt CD47- SIRPa interaction utilized monoclonal antibodies targeting CD47 or SIRPa and engineered receptor decoys fused to Fc fragment. However, a concern with this approach is that CD47 is highly expressed on both hematopoietic and non-hematopoietic normal cells. Hence along with tumor cells CD47-SIRPa blocking agents containing Fc-portion may also target many normal cells potentially leading to their elimination by macrophages. The interaction of blocking antibodies with normal cells is considered as a major safety issue resulting in anemia, thrombocytopenia, and leukopenia. These agents may also affect solid tissues rich in macrophages such as liver, lung, and brain. Hence it may be ideal to block the CD47- SIRPa interaction by agents devoid of Fc portion, such as small

molecules, peptides, Fab fragments etc. while activating prophagocytic receptors in tumor cells by appropriate combinations to induce efficient phagocytosis of tumor cells.

Apart from Fc Receptors, a number of other prophagocytic receptors are also reported to promote engulfment of tumor cells in response to CD47-SIRPa blockade by triggering the phagocytosis. These include receptors for SLAMF7, Mac-l, calreticulin and possibly yet to identified receptors. B cell tumor lines such as Raji and other diffuse large B cell lymphoma express SLAMF7 and are implicated in triggering prophagocytic signals during CD47-SIRPa blockade.

Therapeutic agents known to activate prophagocytic receptors are also therefore ideal partners for use in combination with CD47-SIRPa blocking agents to achieve efficient phagocytosis. These agents include proteasome inhibitors (bortezomib, ixazomib and carfilzomib), Anthracyclines (Doxorubicin, Epirubicin, Daunorubicin, Idarubicin, Mitoxantrone) Oxaliplatin, Cyclophosphamide, Bleomycin, Vorinostat, Paclitaxel, 5-Fluorouracil, Cytarabine, BRAF inhibitory drugs (Dabrafenib, Vemurafenib), PI3K inhibitor, Docetaxel, Mitomycin C, Sorafenib, Tamoxifen and oncolytic viruses.

Apart from the specific agents known to have effect on‘eat me’ signals other agents including Abiraterone acetate, Afatinib, Aldesleukin, Aldesleukin, Alemtuzumab, Anastrozole, Axitinib, Belinostat, Bendamustine, Bicalutamide, Blinatumomab, Bosutinib, Brentuximab, Busulfan, Cabazitaxel, Capecitabine, Carboplatin, Carfilzomib, Carmustine, Ceritinib, Clofarabine, Crizotinib, Dacarbazine, Dactinomycin, Dasatinib, Degarelix, Denileukin, Denosumab, Enzalutamide, Eribulin, Erlotinib, Everolimus, Exemestane, Exemestane, Fludarabine, Fulvestrant, Gefitinib, Goserelin, Ibritumomab, Imatinib, Ipilimumab, Irinotecan, Ixabepilone, Lapatinib, Lenalidomide, Letrozole, Leucovorin, Leuprolide, Lomustine, Mechlorethamine, Megestrol, Nelarabine, Nilotinib, Nivolumab, Olaparib, Omacetaxine, Palbociclib, Pamidronate, Panitumumab, Panobinostat, Pazopanib, Pegaspargase, Pembrolizumab, Pemetrexed Disodium, Pertuzumab, Plerixafor, Pomalidomide, Ponatinib, Pralatrexate, Procarbazine, Radium 223, Ramucirumab, Regorafenib, rIFNa-2b, Romidepsin, Sunitinib, Temozolomide, Temsirolimus, Thiotepa, Tositumomab, Trametinib, Vinorelbine, Methotrexate, Ibrutinib, Aflibercept, Toremifene, Vinblastine, Vincristine, Idelalisib, Mercaptopurine and Thalidomide could potentially have effect on‘eat me’ signal pathway on combining with CD-47-SIRPa blocking agents.

In addition to the therapeutic agents mentioned above, other treatment modalities that are in use in cancer therapy also activate prophagocytic receptors, and thus can be combined with CD47-SIRPa blocking agents to achieve efficient phagocytosis. These include Hypericin-based photodynamic therapy (Hyp-PDT), radiotherapy, High-hydrostatic pressure, Photofrin-based PDT and Rose Bengal acetate -based PDT.

However, there is an unmet need for combining small molecule CD-47-SIRPa pathway inhibitors with agents capable of stimulating activating receptors such as Fc-receptors (FcRs) or other prophagocytic receptors, or combining with other treatment modalities that are in use in cancer therapy to activate prophagocytic receptors for exploiting the maximum potential of the CD-47- SIRPa pathway blockade.

CLIP

Exelixis In-Licenses Second Anti-Cancer Compound from Aurigene Following FDA Acceptance of Investigational New Drug Application for Phase 1 Clinical Trial in Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma

– Robust preclinical data support Exelixis’ clinical development of XL114, with phase 1 trial in Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma expected to begin in the coming months –

– Exelixis will make an option exercise payment of $10 million to Aurigene –

https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20211014005549/en/Exelixis-In-Licenses-Second-Anti-Cancer-Compound-from-Aurigene-Following-FDA-Acceptance-of-Investigational-New-Drug-Application-for-Phase-1-Clinical-Trial-in-Non-Hodgkin%E2%80%99s-LymphomaOctober 14, 2021 08:00 AM Eastern Daylight Time

ALAMEDA, Calif.–(BUSINESS WIRE)–Exelixis, Inc. (Nasdaq: EXEL) and Aurigene Discovery Technologies Limited (Aurigene) today announced that Exelixis has exercised its exclusive option under the companies’ July 2019 agreement to in-license XL114 (formerly AUR104), a novel anti-cancer compound that inhibits the CARD11-BCL10-MALT1 (CBM) signaling pathway, which promotes lymphocyte survival and proliferation. Exelixis has now assumed responsibility for the future clinical development, commercialization and global manufacturing of XL114. Following the U.S. Food and Drug Administration’s (FDA) recent acceptance of its Investigational New Drug (IND) application, Exelixis will soon initiate a phase 1 clinical trial evaluating XL114 monotherapy in patients with Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL). At the American Association of Cancer Research Annual Meeting in April of this year, Aurigene presented preclinical data (Abstract 1266) demonstrating that XL114 exhibited potent anti-proliferative activity in a large panel of cancer cell lines ranging from hematological cancers to solid tumors with excellent selectivity over normal cells. In addition, oral dosing of XL114 resulted in significant dose-dependent tumor growth inhibition in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and colon carcinoma models.

“We are pleased that our agreement with Aurigene has generated a second promising compound that warrants advancement into clinical development and believe the collaboration will continue to play an important role in expanding our pipeline”

XL114 is the second molecule that Exelixis in-licensed from Aurigene under the companies’ July 2019 collaboration, option and license agreement. Exelixis previously exercised its option to in-license XL102, a potent, selective and orally bioavailable inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase 7 (CDK7), from Aurigene in December 2020 and initiated a phase 1 trial of XL102 as a single agent and in combination with other anti-cancer agents in patients with advanced or metastatic solid tumors in January 2021.

“We are pleased that our agreement with Aurigene has generated a second promising compound that warrants advancement into clinical development and believe the collaboration will continue to play an important role in expanding our pipeline,” said Peter Lamb, Ph.D., Executive Vice President, Scientific Strategy and Chief Scientific Officer, Exelixis. “XL114 has shown potent anti-proliferative activity in lymphoma cell lines that have aberrant activation of the CBM signaling pathway and may have a differentiated profile and potential as a best-in-class molecule that could improve outcomes for patients with Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma and other hematologic cancers.”

XL114 was identified to have anti-proliferative activity in cell lines with constitutive activation of CBM signaling, including activated B-cell-like DLBCL (ABC-DLBCL), mantle cell lymphoma and follicular lymphoma cell lines. Further characterization of XL114 in cell-based assays demonstrated a functional role in B-cell (BCR) signaling pathways. Additionally, XL114 showed dose-dependent tumor growth inhibition in an ABC-DLBCL mouse xenograft tumor model. In preclinical development, XL114 also demonstrated a high degree of selectivity against a broad safety pharmacology panel of enzymes and receptors. While the precise molecular mechanism underlying XL114’s function in repressing BCR signaling and MALT1 activation has yet to be characterized, the fatty acid-binding protein 5 (FABP5) has been identified as a prominent XL114-binding target.

“XL114 is the second molecule that Exelixis has opted to in-license under our July 2019 agreement, underscoring the significant potential of our approach to the discovery and preclinical development of innovative cancer therapies that target novel mechanisms of action,” said Murali Ramachandra, Ph.D., Chief Executive Officer, Aurigene. “Exelixis has a track record of success in the clinical development and commercialization of anti-cancer therapies that provide patients with important new treatment options, and we are pleased that the continued advancement of XL114 will be supported by the company’s extensive clinical, regulatory and commercialization infrastructure.”

Under the terms of the July 2019 agreement, Exelixis made an upfront payment of $10 million for exclusive options to obtain an exclusive license from Aurigene to three preexisting programs, including the compounds now known as XL102 and XL114. In addition, Exelixis and Aurigene initiated three Aurigene-led drug discovery programs on mutually agreed upon targets, in exchange for an additional upfront payment of $2.5 million per program. The collaboration was expanded in 2021 to include three additional early discovery programs. Exelixis is also contributing research funding to Aurigene to facilitate discovery and preclinical development work on all nine programs. Exelixis may exercise its option for a program at any time up until the first IND for the program becomes effective. Having exercised options on two programs thus far (XL102 and XL114), if and when Exelixis exercises a future option, it will make an option exercise payment to Aurigene and assume responsibility for that program’s future clinical development and commercialization including global manufacturing. To exercise its option for XL114, Exelixis will make an option exercise payment to Aurigene of $10 million. Once Exelixis exercises its option for a program, Aurigene will be eligible for clinical development, regulatory and sales milestones, as well as royalties on future potential sales of the compound. Under the terms of the agreement, Aurigene retains limited development and commercial rights for India and Russia.

About Aurigene

Aurigene Discovery Technologies Limited is a development stage biotech company engaged in discovery and clinical development of novel and best-in-class therapies to treat cancer and inflammatory diseases and a wholly owned subsidiary of Dr. Reddy’s Laboratories Ltd. (BSE: 500124, NSE: DRREDDY, NYSE: RDY, NSEIFSC: DRREDDY). Aurigene is focused on precision-oncology, oral immune checkpoint inhibitors, and the Th-17 pathway. Aurigene’s programs currently in clinical development include an oral ROR-gamma inhibitor AUR101 for moderate to severe psoriasis in phase 2 under a U.S. FDA IND and a PD-L1/VISTA antagonist CA-170 for non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer in phase 2b/3 in India. Additionally, Aurigene has multiple compounds at different stages of pre-clinical development. Aurigene has also partnered with several large and mid-pharma companies in the U.S. and Europe and has multiple programs in clinical development. For more information, please visit Aurigene’s website at www.aurigene.com.

About Exelixis

Founded in 1994, Exelixis, Inc. (Nasdaq: EXEL) is a commercially successful, oncology-focused biotechnology company that strives to accelerate the discovery, development and commercialization of new medicines for difficult-to-treat cancers. Following early work in model system genetics, we established a broad drug discovery and development platform that has served as the foundation for our continued efforts to bring new cancer therapies to patients in need. Our discovery efforts have resulted in four commercially available products, CABOMETYX^® (cabozantinib), COMETRIQ^® (cabozantinib), COTELLIC^® (cobimetinib) and MINNEBRO^® (esaxerenone), and we have entered into partnerships with leading pharmaceutical companies to bring these important medicines to patients worldwide. Supported by revenues from our marketed products and collaborations, we are committed to prudently reinvesting in our business to maximize the potential of our pipeline. We are supplementing our existing therapeutic assets with targeted business development activities and internal drug discovery – all to deliver the next generation of Exelixis medicines and help patients recover stronger and live longer. Exelixis is a member of the Standard & Poor’s (S&P) MidCap 400 index, which measures the performance of profitable mid-sized companies. In November 2020, the company was named to Fortune’s 100 Fastest-Growing Companies list for the first time, ranking 17^th overall and the third-highest biopharmaceutical company. For more information about Exelixis, please visit www.exelixis.com, follow @ExelixisInc on Twitter or like Exelixis, Inc. on Facebook.

Dinesh Chikkanna

Director, Medicinal Chemistry Aurigene Discovery Technologies

Murali Ramachandra

CEO at Aurigene Discovery Technologies

CLIP

https://cancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/81/13_Supplement/1266

Abstract 1266: Discovery and preclinical evaluation of a novel covalent inhibitor of FABP5 for cancer therapyDinesh Chikkanna, Leena Khare Satyam, Sunil Kumar Pnaigrahi, Vinayak Khairnar, Manoj Pothuganti, Lakshmi Narayan Kaza, Narasimha Raju Kalidindi, Vijaya Shankar Nataraj, Aditya Kiran Gatta, Narasimha Rao Krishnamurthy, Sandeep Patil, DS Samiulla, Kiran Aithal, Vijay Kamal Ahuja, Nirbhay Kumar Tiwari, KB Charamannna, Pravin Pise, Thomas Anthony, Kavitha Nellore, Sanjeev Giri, Shekar Chelur, Susanta Samajdar and Murali Ramachandra
DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.AM2021-1266 Published July 2021
Proceedings: AACR Annual Meeting 2021; April 10-15, 2021 and May 17-21, 2021; Philadelphia, PA

Abstract

Dysregulated fatty acid metabolism is thought to be a hallmark of cancer, wherein fatty acids function both as an energy source and as signals for enzymatic and transcriptional networks contributing to malignancy. Fatty acid-binding protein 5 (FABP5) is an intracellular protein that facilitates transport of fatty acids and plays a role in regulating the expression of genes associated with cancer progression such as cell growth, survival, and metastasis. Overexpression of FABP5 has been reported to contribute to an aggressive phenotype and a poor survival correlation in several cancers. Therefore, inhibition of FABP5 is considered as a therapeutic approach for cancers. Phenotypic screening of a library of covalent compounds for selective sensitivity of cancer cells followed by medicinal chemistry optimization resulted in the identification of AUR104 with desirable properties. Chemoproteomic-based target deconvolution revealed FABP5 as the cellular target of AUR104. Covalent adduct formation with Cys43 of FABP5 by AUR104 was confirmed by mass spectrometry. Target occupancy studies using a biotin-tagged AUR104 demonstrated potent covalent binding to FABP5 in both cell-free and cellular conditions. Ligand displacement assay with a fluorescent fatty acid probe confirmed the competitive binding mode of AUR104 with fatty acids. Binding at the fatty acid site and covalent bond formation with Cys43 were also demonstrated by crystallography. Furthermore, AUR104 showed a high degree of selectivity against a broad safety pharmacology panel of enzymes and receptors. AUR104 exhibited potent anti-proliferative activity in a large panel of cell lines derived from both hematological and solid cancers with a high degree of selectivity over normal cells. Anti-proliferative activity in lymphoma cell lines correlated with inhibition of MALT1 pathway activity, cleavage of RelB/Bcl10 and secretion of cytokines, IL-10 and IL-6. AUR104 displayed desirable drug-like properties and dose-dependent oral exposure in pharmacokinetic studies. Oral dosing with AUR104 resulted in dose-dependent anti-tumor activity in DLBCL (OCI-LY10) and NSCLC (NCI-H1975) xenograft models. In a repeated dose MTD studies in rodents and non-rodents, AUR104 showed good tolerability with an exposure multiple of >500 over cellular EC₅₀ for up to 8 hours. In summary, we have identified a novel covalent FABP5 inhibitor with optimized properties that showed anti-tumor activity in in vitro and in vivo models with acceptable safety profile. The data presented here strongly support clinical development of AUR104.

Citation Format: Dinesh Chikkanna, Leena Khare Satyam, Sunil Kumar Pnaigrahi, Vinayak Khairnar, Manoj Pothuganti, Lakshmi Narayan Kaza, Narasimha Raju Kalidindi, Vijaya Shankar Nataraj, Aditya Kiran Gatta, Narasimha Rao Krishnamurthy, Sandeep Patil, DS Samiulla, Kiran Aithal, Vijay Kamal Ahuja, Nirbhay Kumar Tiwari, KB Charamannna, Pravin Pise, Thomas Anthony, Kavitha Nellore, Sanjeev Giri, Shekar Chelur, Susanta Samajdar, Murali Ramachandra. Discovery and preclinical evaluation of a novel covalent inhibitor of FABP5 for cancer therapy [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2021; 2021 Apr 10-15 and May 17-21. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2021;81(13_Suppl):Abstract nr 1266.

Patent

US20200147054 – COMBINATION OF SMALL MOLECULE CD-47 INHIBITORS WITH OTHER ANTI-CANCER AGENTS

https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=US294690878&tab=NATIONALBIBLIO

Muralidhara Ramachandra
Pottayil Govindan Nair Sasikumar
Girish Chandrappa Daginakatte
Kiran Aithal Balkudru

PATENT

WO 2020095256

https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=WO2020095256

Example- 1: The synthetic procedures for the preparation of compounds described in the present invention were described in co-pending Indian provisional patent application 201841001438 dated 12* Jan 2018, which is converted as PCT application

PCT/IB2019/050219, the contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety.

PATENT

WO 2018178947https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=WO2018178947&tab=PCTDESCRIPTION

PATENT

WO 2019138367

https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=WO2019138367

PATENT

WO 2019073399

https://patents.google.com/patent/WO2019073399A1/en

Priority to IN201741036169

Example 4 of WO 2015/033299

PATENT

https://patents.google.com/patent/BR112020014202A2/en

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PATENT

https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=WO2019142126&_fid=IN306692801

The present invention relates to substituted alkynylene compounds represented by compound of formula (I) pharmaceutically acceptable salts and stereoisomers thereof. The present invention further provides the methods of preparation of compound of formula (I) and therapeutic uses thereof as anti-cancer agents.

Patent

https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=US248874724&tab=PCTDESCRIPTION

Example 1

(((S)-4-amino-1-(3-((S)-1,5-diaminopentyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl)-4-oxobutyl)carbamoyl)-L-proline (Compound 1)

Synthesis of Compound 1 b

Ethylchloroformate (2.47 mL, 25.9 mmol) and NMM (2.9 mL, 25.9 mmol) were added to a solution of compound 1a (6.0 g, 17.3 mmol) in THF (60 mL) and stirred at −20° C. for 20 min. After 20 minutes 25% of aq.ammonia (24 mL) was added to the active mixed anhydride resulting from the reaction and the reaction mass was stirred at 0-5° C. for 30 min. The completeness of the reaction was confirmed by TLC analysis. The volatiles were evaporated under reduced pressure and partitioned between water and ethyl acetate. The organic layer was washed with NaHCO ₃solution followed by citric acid solution and brine solution. The separated organic layer was dried over Na ₂SO ₄, filtered and evaporated under reduced pressure to yield 5.6 g of compound 1 b. LCMS: 346.4 [M+H] ⁺.

Synthesis of Compound 1C

Trifluroacetic anhydride (6.85 mL, 48.6 mmol) was added to a solution of compound 1b (5.6 g, 16.2 mmol), pyridine (7.84 mL, 97.2 mmol) in DCM (60 mL) at 0° C. and stirred at room temperature for an hour. The completion of the reaction was confirmed by TLC analysis. The volatiles were evaporated under reduced pressure and partitioned between water and CH ₂Cl ₂. The organic layer was washed with NaHCO ₃solution followed by citric acid and brine solution. The separated organic layer was dried over Na ₂SO ₄, filtered and evaporated under reduced pressure to yield 5.42 g of compound 1c, which was used for next step directly.

Synthesis of Compound 1d

Hydroxylamine hydrochloride (3.43 g, 49.5 mmol), water (10 mL) and K ₂CO ₃(4.54 g, 32.9 mmol) were added to a solution of compound 1c (5.4 g, 16.5 mmol) in EtOH (60 mL) and stirred at room temperature for overnight. The completion of the reaction was confirmed by TLC analysis. After the completion of reaction, the compound from the water was extracted by using the CH ₂Cl ₂followed washing the organic layer with water, brine and concentrated under reduced pressure to yield 5.8 g of compound 1d. LCMS: 361.3 [M+H] ⁺.

Synthesis of Compound 1f

HOBt (3.24 g, 24.0 mmol) and DIC (3.36 mL, 24.0 mmol) were added to a solution of Fmoc-Gln(Trt)-OH (compound 1e) (9.83 g, 16.1 mmol) in DMF (100 mL) at 0° C. and stirred for 15 min. Compound 1d (5.8 g, 16.1 mmol) was added to the reaction mass at the same temperature and the resulting mixture was stirred for an hour at the same temperature, followed by stirring at room temperature for an additional 2 h. The completion of the reaction was confirmed by TLC analysis. The reaction mixture was quenched with ice water; precipitated white solid was filtered; washed with water (150 mL) and dried under high under reduced pressure to yield 8.62 g of compound 1f. LCMS: 953.7 [M+H] ⁺.

Synthesis of Compound 1g

Acetic acid (5 mL) was added to a solution of compound 1f (5.0 g, 5.0 mmol) in acetonitrile (50 ml) at room temperature and the reaction mass was refluxed at 85° C. for 12 h. The completion of the reaction was confirmed by TLC analysis. The volatiles were evaporated under reduced pressure to obtain crude semi solid which was diluted with water and ethyl acetate. The organic layer was washed with NaHCO ₃solution followed by citric acid and brine solution. The organic layer was dried over Na ₂SO ₄; filtered and evaporated under reduced pressure to obtain crude solid. Compound was purified using column chromatography to yield 4.3 g of title compound. LCMS: 935.6 [M+H] ⁺.

Synthesis of Compound 1h

Compound 1g (4.3 g, 4.5 mmol) was added to a solution of 20% piperidine in DMF (20 mL) at 0° C. and the reaction mass was stirred at same temperature for an hour. The completion of the reaction was confirmed by TLC analysis. After completion, the reaction mixture was quenched with ice-cold water and the resulting white precipitate was filtered and dried under vacuum. The crude product obtained was diluted with hexane, stirred and filtered to yield 3.0 g of compound 1h. LCMS: 713.4 [M+H] ⁺.

Synthesis of Compound 1i

Pyridine (0.33 mL, 4.2 mmol) was added to a solution of compound 1h (1.5 g, 2.1 mmol) in CH ₂Cl ₂(15 mL) and the resulting solution was stirred at room temperature for 10 min. 4-nitrophenyl chloroformate (0.84 g, 4.2 mmol) in CH ₂Cl ₂(15 mL) was added to the above mixture and the resultant mixture was stirred at room temperature for an hour. After completion of reaction (confirmed by TLC), it was diluted with CH ₂Cl ₂(50 mL) and washed with water (100 mL×2), 1N HCl (100 mL×2), water followed by brine solution (100 mL×2). The organic layer was dried over Na ₂SO ₄; filtered and evaporated under reduced pressure to yield 0.72 g compound 1i, which was taken to the next step without any further purification. LCMS: 878.9 [M-100].

Synthesis of compound 1j

TEA (0.34 mL, 2.46 mm) was added to a solution of H-Pro-O ^tBu.HCl (0.21 g, 1.23 mmol) and compound 1i (0.72 g, 0.82 mmol) in THF (10 mL) at room temperature and stirred for 12 h. The volatiles were evaporated and portioned between ethyl acetate and water. The reaction mixture was diluted with ice cold water and extracted with EtOAc. The Organic layer was separated and dried over Na ₂SO ₄and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude compound obtained was purified by column chromatography and compound elutes in 50% of ethyl acetate in hexane. Yield: 0.5 g of compound 1j. LCMS: 910.6 [M+H] ⁺.

Synthesis of Compound 1

Compound 1j (0.5 g, 0.55 mmol) was added to a cocktail mixture (10 m L) of TFA:TIPS:H ₂O (95:2.5:2.5) and was stirred at room temperature for 3 h. The resulting reaction mixture was evaporated under reduced pressure, diluted with diethyl ether and filtered to yield 0.2 g of crude compound 1. The crude solid material was purified by preparative HPLC method described under experimental conditions. LCMS: 412.2 [M+H] ⁺. HPLC t _R(min): 9.6.

Example 2

(S)-4-(3-((S)-1-amino-4-guanidinobutyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl)-4-(3-((S)-1-carboxy-2-phenylethyl) ureido)butanoic acid (Compound 7)

Synthesis of Compound 2b

Ethylchloroformate (1.75 mL, 18.23 mmol) and NMM (2.0 mL, 18.23 mmol) were added into a solution of compound 2a (8.0 g, 15.18 mmol) in THF (45 mL) and the resulting mixture was stirred at −20° C. for 20 min. After 20 minutes 25% of aqueous ammonia (25 mL) was added to the active mixed anhydride generated and stirred at 0-5° C. for 30 min. The completeness of the reaction was confirmed by TLC analysis. The volatiles were evaporated under reduced pressure and partitioned between water and ethyl acetate. The organic layer was washed with NaHCO ₃solution followed by citric acid solution and brine solution. The separated organic layer was dried over Na ₂SO ₄, filtered and evaporated under reduced pressure to yield 7.1 g of compound 2b. LCMS: 526.3 [M+H] ⁺.

Synthesis of Compound 2c

Trifluroacetic anhydride (TFAA) (2.83 mL, 20.26 mmol) was added to a solution of compound 2b (7.1 g, 13.51 mmol) in pyridine (7.08 g, 87.80 mmol) and the resulting mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 h. The completion of the reaction was confirmed by TLC analysis. The volatiles were evaporated under reduced pressure and partitioned between water and ethyl acetate. The organic layer was washed with citric acid and brine solution. The separated organic layer was dried over Na ₂SO ₄, filtered and evaporated under reduced pressure. The crude solid was purified via column chromatography (60-120 silicagel) to yield 5.8 g of compound 2c. LCMS: 508.3 [M+H] ⁺.

Synthesis of Compound 2d

Hydroxylamine hydrochloride (1.56 g, 22.50 mmol), water (30 mL) and potassium carbonate (3.11 g, 11.25 mmol) were added to a solution of compound 2c (5.8 g, 11.25 mmol) in EtOH (60 mL) and stirred at 90° C. for 3 h. The completion of the reaction was confirmed by TLC analysis. The volatiles were evaporated under reduced pressure and partitioned between water and ethyl acetate. The organic layer was washed with brine solution, dried over Na ₂SO ₄then filtered and evaporated under reduced pressure, the solid obtained was washed with 20% ethyl acetate to yield 6.1 g of compound 2d. LCMS: 541.3 [M+H] ⁺.

Synthesis of Compound 2f

HOBt (2.28 g, 16.9 mmol) and DIC (2.62 mL, 16.9 mmol) were added to a solution of Fmoc-Glu(O ^tBu)-OH (compound 2e) (4.0 g, 9.02 mmol) in DMF (60 mL) at 0° C. and the resulting mixture was stirred for 15 min. Then compound 2d (6.1 g, 11.28 mmol) was added to the above mixture at the same temperature and the reaction mixture was continued stirring for an hour and then at room temperature for 2 h. The completion of the reaction was confirmed by TLC analysis. The reaction mixture was quenched with ice cold water, the precipitated white solid was filtered, washed with water (150 mL) and dried under high under reduced pressure. The solid was taken into 10% MeOH in DCM and washed the organic layer with 10% NaHCO ₃, water and brine solution. The organic layer was dried over Na ₂SO ₄and concentrated under reduced pressure to yield 8.0 g of compound 2f. LCMS: 948.7 [M+H] ⁺.

Synthesis of Compound 2g

Acetic acid (7 mL) was added to a solution of compound 2f (7.0 g, 7.38 mmol) in THF (70 ml) at room temperature and the resulting mixture was refluxed at 70° C. for 12 h. The completion of the reaction was confirmed by TLC analysis. The volatiles were evaporated under reduced pressure to obtain crude semi solid which was diluted with water and ethyl acetate. The organic layer was washed with NaHCO ₃solution followed by brine solution. The organic layer was dried over Na ₂SO ₄, filtered and evaporated under reduced pressure to get crude solid. The compound was purified by column chromatography (60-120 silicagel) to yield 5.4 g of compound 2g. LCMS: 930.5 [M+H] ⁺.

Synthesis of Compound 2h

Compound 2g (5.4 g, 5.80 mmol) was added to a solution of 50% piperidine in DMF (20 mL) at 0° C. and stirred at same temperature for 2 h. The completion of the reaction was confirmed by TLC analysis. The reaction mass was quenched with water (100 mL), the resulted precipitate was filtered. The solid obtained was dissolved in ethyl acetate and washed the organic layer with 10% NaHCO ₃, water and brine. The organic layer was dried over Na ₂SO ₄and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude product obtained was diluted with hexane and the resulted precipitate was filtered followed by washing with hexane to obtain 3.0 g of compound 2h. LCMS 708.6 [M+H] ⁺.

Synthesis of Compound 2i

Pyridine (0.75 mL, 9.3 mmol) was added to a solution of H-Phe-O ^tBu.HCl (2.0 g, 7.75 mmol) in CH ₂Cl ₂(20 mL) was added pyridine and the resulting solution was stirred at room temperature for 10 min. To this reaction mixture a solution of 4-nitrophenyl chloroformate (1.87 g, 9.30 mmol) in CH ₂Cl ₂(20 mL) was added and the resultant mixture was stirred at room temperature for 3 h. After completion of reaction (confirmed by TLC) it was diluted with CH ₂Cl ₂(50 mL) and washed with water (100 mL×2), 10% citric acid (100 mL×2), water (100 mL), followed by brine solution (100 mL). The organic layer was dried over Na ₂SO ₄, filtered and evaporated under reduced pressure to yield 1.7 g compound 2i, which was taken to the next step without any further purification.

Synthesis of Compound 2j

TEA (0.29 mL, 2.1 mmol) was added to a solution of compound 2h (1.0 g, 1.41 mmol) and compound 2i (0.54 g, 1.41 mmol) in THF (10 mL) at room temperature and stirred for 3 h. The volatiles were evaporated and portioned between EtOAc and water. The reaction mixture was diluted with ice cold water and extracted with EtOAc followed by washing with 10% K ₂CO ₃(100 mL×4), water and brine solution. Organic layer separated and dried over Na ₂SO ₄and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude product obtained was diluted with hexane and the resulted precipitate was filtered followed by washing with hexane yielded 0.98 g of compound 2j. LCMS: 955.6 [M+H] ⁺.

Synthesis of Compound 7

Compound 2j (0.5 g, 5.2 mmol) was added to cocktail mixture (5 m L) of trifluoroacetic: TIPS: water (95:2.5:2.5). The cleavage solution was stirred at room temperature for 3 h. The resulting reaction mixture was evaporated under reduced pressure, diluted with diethyl ether and filtered to yield 0.34 g of crude compound 2. The crude solid material was purified by preparative HPLC method as described under experimental conditions. LCMS: 491.1 [M+H] ⁺. HPLC t _R: (min): 11.1

PATENT

WO 2015/033299

https://patents.google.com/patent/WO2015033299A1/en?oq=WO+2015%2f033299

Pottayil Govindan Nair Sasikumar Muralidhara Ramachandra Seetharamaiah Setty Sudarshan Naremaddepalli

Example 1: Synthesis of Compound 1

Step la:

Ethylchloroformate (1.5 g, 13.78 mniol) and N-Methylmorpholine ( 1.4 g, 13.78 mmol) were added to a solution of compound la (3 g, 11.48 mmol) in THE (30 mL) arid stirred at -20 °C. After 20 min. Liquid ammonia (0.77 g, 45.92 mmol) was added to the active mixed anhydride formed in- situ and stirred at 0-5 °C for 20 min. The completeness of the reaction was confirmed by TLC analysis. The reaction mixture was evaporated under reduced pressure and partitioned between water and ethyl acetate. Organic layer was washed with NaHCOs, citric acid, brine solution, dried over Na₂S0₄ and evaporated under reduced pressure to get 2.9 g of compound lb (Yield: 96.3%). LCMS: 261.0 ( Vi+H ; .

Step lb:

1 b 1cTrifluroacetic anhydride (9.7 g, 46.0 mmol) was added to a solution of compound lb (8 g, 30.7 mmol) in pyridine (24.3 g, 307.0 mmol) and stirred at room temperature for 3 h. The completeness of the reaction was confirmed by TLC analysis. The reaction mixture was evaporated under reduced pressure and partitioned between water and ethyl acetate. Organic layer was washed with NaHCO_?,, citric acid, brine solution, dried over Na₂-S04 and evaporated under reduced pressure to afford 7 g of compound lc (Yield: 94.0%). LCMS: 187.2 (M-¾u )⁺.

Step lc:

1 c 1dHydroxylamine hydrochloride (3 g, 43.37 mmol) and potassium carbonate (6 g, 43.37 mmol) were added to a solution of compound lc (7 g, 28.91 mmol) in EtOH (70 m L) and stirred at 90 °C for 2 h. The completeness of the reaction was confirmed by TLC analysis. The reaction mixture was evaporated under reduced pressure and partitioned between water and ethyl acetate. Organic layer was washed with brine solution, dried over Na₂S0₄ and evaporated under reduced pressure. The crude compound was purified by silica gel column chromatography (Eluent: 0-5% ethyl acetate in hexane) to get 4.2 g of compound Id (Yield: 52.8%). LCMS: 276.4 (M+H)⁺.Step Id:

Deoxo-Fluor® (1.83 g, 8.3 mmol) was added to a solution of Fmoc-Asn(Trt)-OH (4.5 g, 7.5 mmol) in CH₂Q₂ (50 mL) and stirred at 0 °C for 3 h. Then CH₂CI₂ was evaporated and triturated with hexane, decanted and evaporated under vacuum to get the corresponding acid fluoride. NMM (1.17 g, 1 1.6 mmol) and compound Id (1.6 g, 5.8 mmol) in THF were added to the acid fluoride and stirred at room temperature for 12 h. Then THF was evaporated and sodium acetate (0.72 g, 8.7 mmol) was added followed by EtOH (50 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred at 90 °C for 2 h. The completeness of the reaction was confirmed by TLC analysis. The reaction mixture was evaporated under reduced pressure and partitioned between water and ethyl acetate. Organic layer was washed with NaHCOa, citric acid, brine solution, dried over Na₂S0₄ and evaporated under reduced pressure, which was further purified by silica gel column chromatography (Eluent: 0-5% ethyl acetate in hexane) to afford 2.8 g of compound le (Yield: 44.4%). LCMS: 836.4 (M+Hf .Step le:

Ph₃

To compound le (2.3 g, 2.7 mmol) in CH₂CI₂ (10 mL) diethyiarnine (10 mL) was added and the reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 30 min. The resulting solution was concentrated in vacuum to get gummy residue. The crude compound was purified by neutral alumina column chromatography (Eluent: 0-50% ethyl acetate in hexane then 0-5% methanol in chloroform) to get 1.4 g of If (Yield: 90 %). LCMS: 636.5 (M+Na)⁺.

1f 1To a solution of compound If (0.45 g) in CH₂CI₂ (5 mL), trifluoroacetic acid (5 mL) and catalytic amount of triisopropylsilane were added and stirred for 3 h at room temperature to remove the acid sensitive protecting groups. The resulting solution was concentrated in vacuum to afford 0.29 g of crude compound 1 which was purified using prep-HPLC method described under experimental conditions. \H NMR (DMSQ-d₆, 400 MHz): δ 2.58 (m, 2H), 3.53 (m, 3H), 3.91 (t, 1H), 4.36 (t, 1H), 6.91 (s, 1H), 7.45 (s, 1H); ¹ C NMR (DMSO-de, 400 MHz): δ 20.85, 45.71 , 50.23, 65.55, 171.03, 171 .41, 181.66. LCMS: 216.2 (Μ+ΗΓ; HPLC: t_R = 13.1 min.Example 2: Synthesis of Co

Step 2a:

1f2a

The urea linkage was carried out by the coupling compound If (2.7 g, 4.39 mmoi) in THF (30 mL) at room temperature with compound 2b (1.67 g, 4.39 mmoi). The coupling was initiated by the addition of TEA (0.9 g, 8.78 mmoi) in THF (10 m L) and the resultant mixture was stirred at room temperature. After completion of 20 h, THF was evaporated from the reaction mass, and partitioned between water and ethyl acetate. Organic layer was washed with water, brine, dried over Na₂S0₄ and evaporated under reduced pressure to get compound 2a, which was further purified by silica gel column chromatography (Fluent: 0-50% ethyl acetate in hexane) to afford 3.46 g of compound 2a (Yield: 92.10%). LCMS 857.4 (M+H)⁺.

2aTo a solution of compound 2a (0.22 g, 0.25 mmol) in 0¾ί¾ (5 m L), trifluoroaeetic acid (5 mL) and catalytic amount of triisopropyisilane were added and stirred for 3h at room, temperature. The resulting solution was concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain 0.35 g of crude compound. The crude solid material was purified using preparative- HPLC method described under experimental conditions. LCMS: 347.1 (M+H)⁺; HPLC: t_{R =} 12.9 min.

Synthesis of

2bTo the compound H-Ser(^tBu)-OⁱBu (2 g, 9.2 mmol) in C I I^■■(.^‘{■ (20 mL), triethylamine (1.39 g, 13.8 mmol) was added and the solution was stirred at room temperature for 5-10 min. To this mixture, solution of 4-Nitrophenyl chioro formate (2.22 g, 11.04 mmol) in CH₂CI₂ was added and the resultant mixture was stirred at room temperature for 30 min. The completion of the reaction was confirmed by TLC analysis. After completion of reaction, reaction mixture was diluted with CH₂CI₂ and washed with water and 5.0 M citric acid solution, dried over Na₂SC>₄ and evaporated under reduced pressure to get crude compound 2b, which was further purified by silica gel column chromatography (Eiuent: 0-20% ethyl acetate in hexane) to yield 2.1 g (58.9%) of 2b.Example 3: Synthesis of Compound 3

The compound was synthesised using similar procedure as depicted in Example 1 (compound 1) and D-amino acids are linked up in reverse order. Boc-D-Thr(‘Bu)-OH was used in place of Boc-Ser(‘Bu)-OH (compound la, Example 1) and Fmoc-D- Asn(trt)-OH in place of Fmoc-Asn(trt)-OH to yield 0.15 g crude material of the title compound 3. LCMS: 230.1 (M+H)⁺.Example 4: Synthesis of Co

The compound was synthesised using similar procedure as depicted in Example 2 for synthesising compound 2 using

instead of H-Ser(‘Bu)-0’Bu (in synthesis of compound 2b) to yield 0.35 g crude material of the title compound. The crude solid material was purified using preparative HPLC described under experimental conditions. LCMS: 361.2 (M+H)⁺, HPLC: t_R = 12.19 min.Example 5: Synthesis of

The compound was synthesised using similar procedure as depicted in Example 4 (compound 4) using D-amino acids are linked up in reverse order. Boc-D-Thr(‘Bu)-OH was used in place of Boc-Ser(‘Bu)-OH, Fmoc-D-Asn(trt)-OH in place of Fmoc-Asn(trt)- OH and H-D-Ser(‘Bu)-0’Bu was used in place of H-Thr^Bu^O’Bu to yield 0.3 g crude material of the title compound. The cmde solid material was purified using preparative HPLC described under experimental conditions. LCMS: 361.3 (M+H)⁺. HPLC: t_R = 13.58 min.Example 6: Synthesis of Compound 6

The compound was synthesised using similar procedure as depicted in Example 2 by using H-Thr(‘Bu)-OMe instead of H-Ser(‘Bu)-0’Bu (in synthesis of compound 2b) to yield 0.2 g crude material of the title compound. The crude solid material was purified using preparative HPLC described under experimental conditions. LCMS: 375.1 (M+H)⁺, HPLC: t_{R =} 1.84 min.Example 7: Synthesis of Compound 7

Step 7a:

1f7aThe compound 7a was synthesised using similar procedure as for compound 2a (Example 2, step 2a) using H-Thr(‘Bu)-OMe instead of H-Ser(‘Bu)-OtBu to get crude material which was further purified by silica gel column chromatography (Eluent: 0-50% ethyl acetate in he ane) to get 2.0 g of compound 7a (Yield: 74 %). LCMS: 829.2 (M+H)⁺.Step 7b:

7a 7bTo a solution of compound 7a (0.35 g, 4.0 mmol) in THF (5 mL) was added lithium hydroxide (0.026 g, 0.63 mmol) at 0 °C and the mixture was stirred for 2 h at room temperature. The completion of the reaction was confirmed by TLC analysis. THF was evaporated from the reaction mass, and partitioned between water and ethyl acetate. Organic layer was washed with citric acid, brine solution, dried over Na₂S0₄ and evaporated under reduced pressure to afford 7b, which was further purified by silica gel column chromatography (Eluent: 0-5% methanol in DCM) to get 0.3 g of product 7b (Yield: 86.7%). LCMS 815.2 (M+H)⁺.

Step 7c:

7b 7Compound 7b (0.295 g, 0.39 mmol) was anchored to Rink amide resin (0.7 g, 0.55 mmol/g) using HOBT (0.072 g, 0.54 mmol) and DIC (0.068 g, 0.54 mmol) method in DMF (10 mL). The resin was stirred for 12 h at room temperature. The resin was washed with DCM, DMF and DCM and dried. The target compound was cleaved from the rink amide resin using TFA (5 mL) and catalytic amount of TIPS. The resin was allowed to remain at room temperature for 2 h with occasional stirring. After 2 h, TFA and TIPS were evaporated under nitrogen atmosphere and the resulting residue was washed with diethyl ether to yield 0.1 g crude material of the title compound 7. The crude solid material was purified using preparative HPLC described under experimental conditions. LCMS: 360.0 (M+H)⁺, HPLC: t_R = 13.88 min.Example 8: Synthesis of

The compound was synthesised using similar procedure as depicted in Example 2 (compound 2) using Fmoc-Glu(0’Bu)-OH instead of Fmoc-Asn(Trt)-OH to get 0.4 g crude material of the title compound. The crude solid material was purified using preparative HPLC described under experimental conditions. LCMS: 362.1 (M+H)⁺. HPLC: t_{R =} 13.27 min.

PATENThttps://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=WO2019061324&tab=FULLTEXT

Patenthttps://patents.google.com/patent/WO2019067678A1/enPATENThttps://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=WO2019061324

PATENThttps://patents.google.com/patent/WO2018073754A1/en
PATENThttps://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=WO2019087087
PAPERSScientific Reports (2019), 9(1), 1-19. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-019-48826-6

Chemical structures of PD-L1 inhibitors developed by Aurigene (Aurigene-1) and Bristol-Meyers Squibb (BMSpep-57, BMS-103, and BMS-142). Chemical structures were generated using ChemDraw Professional 15. PATENT
https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=WO2019087087

L-threonine’ mentioned in compound of formula (I) thereof can be represented by any one of the following formulae:

Publication Number	Title	Priority Date
US-2020289477-A1	Conjoint therapies for immunomodulation	2017-11-06
WO-2019073399-A1	CRYSTALLINE FORMS OF 1,2,4-OXADIAZOLE SUBSTITUTED IN POSITION 3	2017-10-11
AU-2018341583-A1	Crystal forms of immunomodulators	2017-09-29
WO-2019061324-A1	CRYSTALLINE FORMS OF IMMUNOMODULATORS	2017-09-29
WO-2019067678-A1	CRYSTALLINE FORMS OF IMMUNOMODULATORS	2017-09-29

Publication Number	Title	Priority Date	Grant Date
US-2020247766-A1	Crystal forms of immunomodulators	2017-09-29
US-2020061030-A1	Dual inhibitors of vista and pd-1 pathways	2016-10-20
WO-2018073754-A1	Dual inhibitors of vista and pd-1 pathways	2016-10-20
US-2020361880-A1	1,2,4-Oxadiazole and Thiadiazole Compounds as Immunomodulators	2015-03-10
EP-3041827-B1	1,2,4-oxadiazole derivatives as immunomodulators	2013-09-06	2018-04-18

Publication Number	Title	Priority Date	Grant Date
EP-3363790-B1	1,2,4-oxadiazole derivatives as immunomodulators	2013-09-06	2020-02-19
US-10173989-B2	1,2,4-oxadiazole derivatives as immunomodulators	2013-09-06	2019-01-08
US-10590093-B2	1,2,4-oxadiazole derivatives as immunomodulators	2013-09-06	2020-03-17
US-2015073024-A1	1,2,4-Oxadiazole Derivatives as Immunomodulators	2013-09-06
US-2017101386-A1	1,2,4-Oxadiazole Derivatives as Immunomodulators	2013-09-06

Publication Number	Title	Priority Date	Grant Date
US-2018072689-A1	1,2,4-Oxadiazole Derivatives as Immunomodulators	2013-09-06
US-2019144402-A1	1,2,4-Oxadiazole Derivatives as Immunomodulators	2013-09-06
US-2020199086-A1	1,2,4-Oxadiazole Derivatives as Immunomodulators	2013-09-06
US-9771338-B2	1,2,4-oxadiazole derivatives as immunomodulators	2013-09-06	2017-09-26
WO-2015033299-A1	1,2,4-oxadiazole derivatives as immunomodulators	2013-09-06

////////////Investigational New Drug Application, Phase 1, Clinical Trial, Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma, XL 114, AUR 104, aurigene, Exelixis

N[C@@H](CO)c1nc(on1)[C@@H](NC(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)O)C(C)O)CC(N)=O

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NEW DRUG APPROVALS

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$10.00

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PATENT

https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=WO2019142126&tab=PCTDESCRIPTION

XL 102

EXELIXIS AND AURIGENE ANNOUNCE THAT PROMISING PRECLINICAL DATA TO BE PRESENTED AT THE ENA SYMPOSIUM SUPPORT THE CLINICAL DEVELOPMENT OF A NOVEL CDK7 INHIBITOR

https://www.aurigene.com/exelixis-and-aurigene-announce-that-promising-preclinical-data-to-be-presented-at-the-ena-symposium-support-the-clinical-development-of-a-novel-cdk7-inhibitor/

Exelixis and Aurigene Announce That Promising Preclinical Data to Be Presented at the ENA Symposium Support the Clinical Development of a Novel CDK7 Inhibitor

– Detailed characterization of an oral inhibitor of CDK7 demonstrates potent activity against multiple hematologic and solid tumor cell lines, as monotherapy and in combination with chemotherapies –

October 09, 2020 03:02 AM Eastern Daylight Time

ALAMEDA, Calif.–(BUSINESS WIRE)–Exelixis, Inc. (Nasdaq: EXEL) and Aurigene Discovery Technologies Limited (Aurigene) today disclosed new preclinical data showing that AUR102 has potent anti-tumor activity in a large panel of cancer cell lines. AUR102 is a potent, selective, and orally bioavailable covalent inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase 7 (CDK7), which is an important regulator of the cellular transcriptional and cell cycle machinery. Exelixis has an exclusive option for AUR102 under its July 2019 exclusive collaboration, option and license agreement with Aurigene. The new data will be presented in a poster (Abstract 170) at the 32nd EORTC-NCI-AACR (ENA) Symposium, which is being held virtually on October 24-25, 2020.

“CDK7 plays a critical role in regulating cellular transcription and cell cycle machinery, making it an exciting target for cancer therapy”

“CDK7 plays a critical role in regulating cellular transcription and cell cycle machinery, making it an exciting target for cancer therapy,” said Murali Ramachandra, Ph.D., Chief Executive Officer of Aurigene. “The data to be presented at ENA 2020 demonstrate that AUR102 effectively engages CDK7 and inhibits a key mediator of the cell cycle and transcription. The ability to inhibit CDK7 activity with an orally available therapeutic such as AUR102 holds great potential to improve care and outcomes for patients with diverse cancer indications, including breast cancer, prostate cancer, leukemia and lymphoma.”

The abstract provides a summary of results from a detailed characterization of AUR102 in cancer cell lines and animal tumor models. Additional data will be presented in the poster. Key findings included in the abstract are:
• AUR102 exhibited potent anti-proliferative activity in a large panel of cell lines with induction of cell death in cell lines derived from multiple cancer types.
• The observed anti-proliferative activity correlated with cellular CDK7 target engagement and decreased levels of P-Ser5 RNAPII, a key mediator of transcription.
• AUR102 studies showed synergy when used in combination with multiple chemotherapies.
• Oral dosing with AUR102 resulted in dose-dependent anti-tumor activity, including complete tumor regression in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, acute myeloid leukemia, and triple-negative breast cancer xenograft models.
• Inhibition of tumor growth was accompanied by complete target engagement as demonstrated in a parallel PK-PD study.
• AUR102 significantly impacts several pathways and key cancer driver and immune-response genes.

The study authors conclude that the data support clinical evaluation of AUR102 as a single agent and in combination with chemotherapies for the treatment of cancer.

“The exciting AUR102 data to be presented at ENA 2020 provide further validation of our partnering strategy, which gives us multiple opportunities to build a pipeline of best-in-class cancer therapies,” said Peter Lamb, Ph.D., Executive Vice President of Scientific Strategy and Chief Scientific Officer of Exelixis. “AUR102 could be the subject of an Investigational New Drug filing later this year, which would be an important value driver for the program itself and for our collaboration with Aurigene. We commend the Aurigene team on their ongoing success in building a robust body of data supporting the broad clinical potential of AUR102.”

Under the terms of the July 2019 agreement, Exelixis made an upfront payment of $10 million for exclusive options to license three preexisting programs from Aurigene. In addition, Exelixis and Aurigene initiated three Aurigene-led drug discovery programs on mutually agreed upon targets, in exchange for additional upfront option payments of $2.5 million per program. Exelixis is also contributing research funding to Aurigene to facilitate discovery and preclinical development work on all six programs. As the programs mature, Exelixis will have the opportunity to exercise an exclusive option for each program up until the time of Investigational New Drug (IND) filing acceptance. If Exelixis decides to exercise an option, it will make an option exercise payment to Aurigene and assume responsibility for that program’s future clinical development and commercialization including global manufacturing. Aurigene will be eligible for clinical development, regulatory, and sales milestones, as well as royalties on sales. Under the terms of the agreement, Aurigene retains limited development and commercial rights for India and Russia.

About Aurigene

Aurigene is a development stage biotech company engaged in discovery and clinical development of novel and best-in-class therapies to treat cancer and inflammatory diseases and a wholly owned subsidiary of Dr. Reddy’s Laboratories Ltd. (BSE: 500124, NSE: DRREDDY, NYSE: RDY). Aurigene is focused on precision-oncology, oral immune checkpoint inhibitors, and the Th-17 pathway. Aurigene’s programs currently in clinical development include an oral ROR-gamma inhibitor AUR101 for moderate to severe psoriasis in phase 2 under a U.S. FDA IND and a PD-L1/ VISTA antagonist CA-170 for non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer in phase 2b/3 in India. Additionally, Aurigene has multiple compounds at different stages of pre-clinical development. Aurigene has also partnered with several large and mid-pharma companies in the United States and Europe and has multiple programs in clinical development. For more information, please visit Aurigene’s website at http://www.aurigene.com.

About Exelixis

Founded in 1994, Exelixis, Inc. (Nasdaq: EXEL) is a commercially successful, oncology-focused biotechnology company that strives to accelerate the discovery, development and commercialization of new medicines for difficult-to-treat cancers. Following early work in model system genetics, we established a broad drug discovery and development platform that has served as the foundation for our continued efforts to bring new cancer therapies to patients in need. Our discovery efforts have resulted in four commercially available products, CABOMETYX® (cabozantinib), COMETRIQ® (cabozantinib), COTELLIC® (cobimetinib) and MINNEBRO® (esaxerenone), and we have entered into partnerships with leading pharmaceutical companies to bring these important medicines to patients worldwide. Supported by revenues from our marketed products and collaborations, we are committed to prudently reinvesting in our business to maximize the potential of our pipeline. We are supplementing our existing therapeutic assets with targeted business development activities and internal drug discovery – all to deliver the next generation of Exelixis medicines and help patients recover stronger and live longer. Exelixis is a member of Standard & Poor’s (S&P) MidCap 400 index, which measures the performance of profitable mid-sized companies. For more information about Exelixis, please visit http://www.exelixis.com, follow @ExelixisInc on Twitter or like Exelixis, Inc. on Facebook.

EXELIXIS AND AURIGENE ANNOUNCE THAT PROMISING PRECLINICAL DATA TO BE PRESENTED AT THE ENA SYMPOSIUM SUPPORT THE CLINICAL DEVELOPMENT OF A NOVEL CDK7 INHIBITOR

https://www.aurigene.com/exelixis-and-aurigene-announce-that-promising-preclinical-data-to-be-presented-at-the-ena-symposium-support-the-clinical-development-of-a-novel-cdk7-inhibitor/

Exelixis and Aurigene Announce That Promising Preclinical Data to Be Presented at the ENA Symposium Support the Clinical Development of a Novel CDK7 Inhibitor

October 09, 2020 03:02 AM Eastern Daylight Time

“CDK7 plays a critical role in regulating cellular transcription and cell cycle machinery, making it an exciting target for cancer therapy”

The study authors conclude that the data support clinical evaluation of AUR102 as a single agent and in combination with chemotherapies for the treatment of cancer.

About Aurigene

About Exelixis

Founded in 1994, Exelixis, Inc. (Nasdaq: EXEL) is a commercially successful, oncology-focused biotechnology company that strives to accelerate the discovery, development and commercialization of new medicines for difficult-to-treat cancers. Following early work in model system genetics, we established a broad drug discovery and development platform that has served as the foundation for our continued efforts to bring new cancer therapies to patients in need. Our discovery efforts have resulted in four commercially available products, CABOMETYX® (cabozantinib), COMETRIQ® (cabozantinib), COTELLIC® (cobimetinib) and MINNEBRO® (esaxerenone), and we have entered into partnerships with leading pharmaceutical companies to bring these important medicines to patients worldwide. Supported by revenues from our marketed products and collaborations, we are committed to prudently reinvesting in our business to maximize the potential of our pipeline. We are supplementing our existing therapeutic assets with targeted business development activities and internal drug discovery – all to deliver the next generation of Exelixis medicines and help patients recover stronger and live longer. Exelixis is a member of Standard & Poor’s (S&P) MidCap 400 index, which measures the performance of profitable mid-sized companies. For more information about Exelixis, please visit http://www.exelixis.com, follow @ExelixisInc on Twitter or like Exelixis, Inc. on Facebook.

Exelixis Forward-Looking Statements

This press release contains forward-looking statements, including, without limitation, statements related to: Exelixis’ and Aurigene’s plans to present preclinical data in support of the continued development of AUR102 in a poster as part of the 32nd ENA Symposium; the potential for AUR102 to improve care and outcomes for patients with diverse cancer indications, including breast cancer, prostate cancer, leukemia and lymphoma; the potential for AUR102 to be the subject of an Investigational New Drug filing later in 2020; Exelixis’ potential future financial and other obligations under the exclusive collaboration, option and license agreement with Aurigene; and Exelixis’ plans to reinvest in its business to maximize the potential of the company’s pipeline, including through targeted business development activities and internal drug discovery. Any statements that refer to expectations, projections or other characterizations of future events or circumstances are forward-looking statements and are based upon Exelixis’ current plans, assumptions, beliefs, expectations, estimates and projections. Forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties. Actual results and the timing of events could differ materially from those anticipated in the forward-looking statements as a result of these risks and uncertainties, which include, without limitation: the availability of data at the referenced times; the level of costs associated with Exelixis’ commercialization, research and development, in-licensing or acquisition of product candidates, and other activities; uncertainties inherent in the drug discovery and product development process; Exelixis’ dependence on its relationship with Aurigene, including Aurigene’s adherence to its obligations under the exclusive collaboration, option and license agreement and the level of Aurigene’s assistance to Exelixis in completing clinical trials, pursuing regulatory approvals or successfully commercializing partnered compounds in the territories where they may be approved; the continuing COVID-19 pandemic and its impact on Exelixis’ research and development operations; complexities and the unpredictability of the regulatory review and approval processes in the U.S. and elsewhere; Exelixis’ and Aurigene’s continuing compliance with applicable legal and regulatory requirements; Exelixis’ and Aurigene’s ability to protect their respective intellectual property rights; market competition; changes in economic and business conditions; and other factors affecting Exelixis and its product pipeline discussed under the caption “Risk Factors” in Exelixis’ Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) on August 6, 2020, and in Exelixis’ future filings with the SEC. All forward-looking statements in this press release are based on information available to Exelixis as of the date of this press release, and Exelixis undertakes no obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements contained herein, except as required by law.

Exelixis, the Exelixis logo, CABOMETYX, COMETRIQ and COTELLIC are registered U.S. trademarks. MINNEBRO is a registered Japanese trademark.

MEVOCICLIB, SY 1365

September 20, 2021 2:37 am / Leave a comment

MEVOCICLIB,

CAS 1816989-16-8

SY 1365

N-[(1S,3R)-3-[[5-chloro-4-(1H-indol-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl]amino]-1-methylcyclohexyl]-5-[[(E)-4-(dimethylamino)but-2-enoyl]amino]pyridine-2-carboxamide

N-((lS,3R)-3-(5-chloro-4-(lH-indol-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-ylamino)-l-methylcvclohexyl)-5-((E)-4-(dimethylamino)but-2-enamido)picolinamide

HS Tariff Code: 2934.99.9001

Syros

Molecular Weight	587.12
Formula	C₃₁H₃₅ClN₈O₂

OriginatorSyros Pharmaceuticals
ClassAmides; Amines; Antineoplastics; Chlorinated hydrocarbons; Cyclohexanes; Indoles; Pyridines; Pyrimidines; Small molecules
Mechanism of ActionCyclin-dependent kinase-activating kinase inhibitors
DiscontinuedAcute myeloid leukaemia; Breast cancer; Haematological malignancies; Ovarian cancer; Solid tumours

23 Oct 2019Discontinued – Preclinical for Haematological malignancies and Acute myeloid leukaemia in the USA (Parenteral); Phase-I for Solid tumours, Ovarian cancer and Breast cancer in the USA (IV) because data obtained did not support an optimal profile for patients and indicated higher or frequent dosing
07 Dec 2018Pharmacodynamics data from preclinical trials in Breast cancer presented at the 41st Annual San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium (SABCS-2018)
15 Nov 2018Adverse events, efficacy and pharmacokinetics data from a phase I trial in Solid tumours presented at the 30^thEORTC-NCI-AACR Molecular Targets and Cancer Therapeutics Symposium (EORTC-NCI-AACR-2018)

Clinical Trial	NCT NumberSponsorConditionStart DatePhaseNCT03134638Syros PharmaceuticalsAdvanced Solid Tumors\|Ovarian Cancer\|Breast CancerMay 12, 2017Phase 1

Mevociclib (SY-1365) is a potent and first-in-class selective CDK7 inhibitor, with a K_i of 17.4 nM. Mevociclib exhibits anti-proliferative and apoptotic effects in solid tumor cell lines. Mevociclib possesses anti-tumor activity in hematological and multiple aggressive solid tumors.

Mevociclib, also known as SY-1365, is a CDK7 inhibitor. In vitro, SY-1365 inhibited cell growth of many different cancer types at nanomolar concentrations. SY-1365 treatment decreased MCL1 protein levels, and cancer cells with low BCL-XL expression were found to be more sensitive to SY-1365. Transcriptional changes in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cell lines were distinct from those following treatment with other transcriptional inhibitors. SY-1365 demonstrated substantial anti-tumor effects in multiple AML xenograft models as a single agent; SY-1365-induced growth inhibition was enhanced in combination with the BCL2 inhibitor venetoclax.

Syn

WO2015154038

https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=WO2015154038

Example 16. Synthesis of N-((lS,3R)-3-(5-chloro-4-(lH-indol-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-ylamino)-l-methylcvclohexyl)-5-((E)-4-(dimethylamino)but-2-enamido)picolinamide (Compound 267).

[251] (+/-) Benzyl tert-butyl ((lS,3R)-l-methylcvclohexane-l,3-diyl)dicarbamate

(+/-)

[252] A solution of (+/-)-(lS,3R) -3-((ieit-¾itoxycarbonyl)amino)–l -raethylcyclohexanecarboxylic acid prepared as in WO2010/148197 (4.00 g, 15.5 mmol) in toluene (Ϊ 55 mL) was treated with Et₃N (2.4 mL, 17.1 mmol) and DPPA (3.68 mL, Ϊ7.1 mmol) and heated at reflux for lh. Benzyl alcohol (8.0 mL, 77.7 mmol) and Et₃N (4.4 mL , 31 .4 mmol) were added to the reaction mixture and the solution was heated at 100 °C for 72h. The mixture was cooled to room temperature and then diluted with EtOAc (300 mL) and H₂0 (300 mL). The layers were separated and the aqueous layer was extracted with EtOAc (3 x 200 mL). The combined organics layers were washed with brine (100 mL), filtered and evaporated to dryness. The residue was purified by Si0₂ chromatography (EtOAc in hexanes, 0 to 50% gradient) and afforded the title compound (3.40 g, 9.38 mmol, 60%) as a white solid.

[253] Benzyl tert-butyl ((lS,3R)-l-methylcvclohexane-l,3-diyl)dicarbamate and benzyl tert- -l-methylcvclohexane-l,3-diyl)dicarbamate

(+/-)

[254] Both enantiomers of (+/-)-Benzyl tert-butyl ((lS,3R)-l-methylcyclohexane-l,3-diyl)dicarbamate (3.40 g, 9.38 mmol) were separated using preparative chiral HPLC (Chiralpak IA, 5 urn, 20×250 mm; hex/MeOH/DCM = 90/5/5) to yield both compounds benzyl tert-butyl ((lS,3R)-l-methylcyclohexane-l,3-diyl)dicarbamate (1.20 g, 3.31 mmol) and benzyl iert-butyl ((lR,3S)-l-methylcyclohexane-l,3-diyl)dicarbamate (1.15 g, 3.17 mmol) as white solids.

255 Benzyl ((lS,3R)-3-amino-l-methylcvclohexyl)carbamate hydrochloride

[256] A solution of benzyl tert-butyl ((lS,3R)-l-methylcyclohexane-l,3-diyl)dicarbamate (700 mg, 1.93 mmol) in DCM (19 mL) was treated with a 4M solution of HCI in dioxane (9.66 mL, 38.6 mmol) and stirred 16h at rt. The mixture was evaporated to dryness and afforded the title compound (577 mg, 1.93 mmol, 100%) as a white solid which was used in the next step without further purification.

[257] (lS,3R)-Benzyl-3-(5-chloro-4-(l-(phenylsulfonyl)-lH ndol-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-ylamino)-1-methylcyclohexylcarbamate

[258] A solution of 3-(2,5-dichloropyrimidin-4-yl)-l-(phenylsulfonyl)-lH-indole (1.02 g, 2.53 mmol), benzyl (( iS,3 )-3- amino- 1 -methylcyclohexyljcarbaniaie hydrochloride (577 mg, 1.93 mmol) and DIPEA (1.15 mL, 6.60 mmol) in NMP (11 mL) was heated at 135 °C (microwave) for 60 min. The cooled mixture was diluted with EtOAc (250 mL), washed with H₂0 (100 mL), brine (100 mL), dried over MgS0₄, filtered and evaporated to dryness. The residue was purified by Si0₂ chromatography (EtOAc in DCM, 0 to 50% gradient) and afforded the title compound (747 mg, 1.19 mmol, 54%) as a yellow foam.

[259] (lS,3R)-N-(5-chloro-4-(l-(phenylsulfonyl)-lH ndol-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)-3-methylcvclohexane-l,3-diamine

[260] A cooled (-78°C) solution of (lS,3R)-benzyl-3-(5-chloro-4-(l-(phenylsulfonyl)-lH-indol-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-ylamino)-l-methylcyclohexylcarbamate (747 mg, 1.19 mmol) in DCM (39 mL) was treated with a 1M solution of BBr₃ in DCM (2.83 mL, 2.83 mmol) and was slowly warmed up to rt. MeOH (10 mL) was added to the mixture was the resulting solution was stirred lh at rt. The resulting mixture was evaporated to dryness. The residue was purified by reverse phase chromatography (C₁₈, H₂0/ACN +0.1% HC0₂H, 0 to 60% gradient) and afforded the title compound (485 mg, 0.978 mmol, 83%) as a yellow solid.

[261] 5-amino-N-( ( lS,3R)-3-( 5-chloro-4-(l-(phenylsulfonyl)-lH-indol-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-ylamino)-l-methylcvclohexyl)picolinamide

[262] A solution of (lR,3S)-N-(5-chloro-4-(l-(phenylsulfonyl)-lH-indol-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)-3-methylcyclohexane-l,3-diamine (75.0 mg, 0.150 mmol) and 5-aminopicolinic acid (25.0 mg, 0.180 mmol) in DMF (5.0 mL) was treated with HBTU (86.0 mg, 0.230 mmol) and DIPEA (79 μί, 0.45 mmol). The resulting mixture was stirred 5h at rt and diluted with MeTHF (50 mL) and saturated NaHC0₃ (50 mL). The layers were separated and the aqueous layer was extracted with MeTHF (2 x 50 mL). The combined organic layers were dried over MgS0₄, filtered and evaporated to dryness. The residue was purified by Si0₂ chromatography (EtOAc in DCM, 0 to 50% gradient) and afforded the title compound (74.0 mg, 0.120 mmol, 79%) as a light yellow oil.

[263] 5-amino-N-((lS,3R)-3-(5-chloro-4-(lH ndol-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-ylamino)-l-methylcyclohexyDpicolinamide

[264] A solution of 5-amino-N-((lS,3R)-3-(5-chloro-4-(l-(phenylsulfonyl)-lH-indol-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-ylamino)-l-methylcyclohexyl)picolinamide (74.0 mg, 0.120 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (4.0 mL) was treated with a 2M solution of NaOH in H₂0 (960 μί, 4.78 mmol) and heated at 60°C for lh. The cooled mixture was diluted with MeTHF (30 mL) and H₂0 (30 mL). The layers were separated and the aqueous layer was extracted with MeTHF (3 x 30 mL). The combined organic layers were dried over MgS0₄, filtered and evaporated to dryness affording the title compound (57.0 mg, 0.120 mmol, 100%) as a light yellow oil which was used in the next step without further purification.

[265] N-((lS,3R)-3-(5-chloro-4-(lH ndol-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-ylamino)-l-methylcvd^

( ( E)-4-(dimethylamino)but-2-enamido )picolinamide ( Compound 267)

[266] A cooled (-78°C) solution of 5-amino-N-((lS,3R)-3-(5-chloro-4-(lH-indol-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-ylamino)-l-methylcyclohexyl)picolinamide (57.0 mg, 0.120 mmol) and DIPEA (104 0.598 mmol) in THF/NMP (4.0 mL/1.0 mL) was treated with a 54.2 mg/mL solution of (E)-4-bromobut-2-enoyl chloride in DCM (104 μί, 0.598 mmol). The resulting mixture was stirred 4h at -78°C before addition of a 2M solution of dimethylamine in THF (359 μί, 0.717 mmol). The resulting mixture was warmed up to rt and stirred 45min at this temperature before being evaporated to dryness. The residue was purified by reverse phase chromatography (C₁₈, H₂0/ACN +0.1% HC0₂H, 0 to 50% gradient) and afforded the title compound (15.0 mg, 0.026 mmol, 22%) as a white solid after lyophilization. LCMS: Calculated: 587.12; Found (M+H⁺): 587.39. 1H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO) δ 11.84 (s, 1H), 10.54 (s, 1H), 8.82 (d, J = 2.3 Hz, 1H), 8.64 (s, 1H), 8.47 (s, 1H), 8.25 (dd, J = 8.6, 2.4 Hz, 2H), 7.98 (d, J = 8.9 Hz, 2H), 7.50 (d, J = 7.7 Hz, 1H), 7.25 – 7.07 (m, 3H), 6.81 (dt, J = 15.5, 5.8 Hz, 1H), 6.29 (d, J = 15.4 Hz, 1H), 4.23 – 4.08 (m, 1H), 3.08 (dd, J = 5.7, 1.1 Hz, 2H), 2.46 – 2.37 (m, 1H), 2.18 (s, 6H), 2.04 – 1.95 (m, 2H), 1.87 – 1.70 (m, 3H), 1.63 – 1.46 (m, 4H), 1.39 – 1.26 (m, 1H).

Ref

[1]. Hu S, et al. Discovery and characterization of SY-1365, a selective, covalent inhibitor of CDK7. Cancer Res. 2019 May 7.[2]. Shanhu Hu, et al. SY-1365, a potent and selective CDK7 inhibitor, exhibits promising anti-tumor activity in multiple preclinical models of aggressive solid tumors.

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CN(C)C\C=C\C(=O)Nc1ccc(nc1)C(=O)N[C@]1(C)C[C@@H](CCC1)Nc1ncc(Cl)c(n1)c1c[NH]c2ccccc21

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SY 5609

September 18, 2021 2:12 pm / Leave a comment

[ Fig. 0001] [ Fig. 0002] [ Fig. 0003] [ Fig. 0004]

https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=WO2016058544&tab=FULLTEXT&_cid=P10-KTPTVL-74436-1

SY 5609

CAS 2519828-12-5

Cancer, solid tumor

PHASE 1

A highly selective and potent oral inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase 7 (CDK7) for potential treatment of advanced solid tumors that harbor the Rb pa thway alterations (Syros Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA)

SY-5609 is an oral non-covalent CDK7 inhibitor in early clinical development at Syros Pharmaceuticals for the treatment of patients with advanced breast, colorectal, lung or ovarian cancer, or with solid tumors of any histology that harbor Rb pathway alterations.

OriginatorSyros Pharmaceuticals
ClassAntineoplastics; Small molecules
Mechanism of ActionCyclin-dependent kinase-activating kinase inhibitors
Phase IBreast cancer; Solid tumours

05 Aug 2021Roche plans the phase I/Ib INTRINSIC trial in Colorectal cancer (Combination therapy, Metastatic disease) in USA, Canada, Italy, South Korea, Spain and United Kingdom (NCT04929223)
05 Aug 2021Roche and Syros Pharmaceuticals enters into a clinical trial collaboration to evaluate atezolizumab in combination with SY 5609 in a clinical trial
05 Aug 2021Syros Pharmaceuticals plans a phase I trial in Cancer in second half of 2021
NCT04247126
https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04247126

At #ESMO21, we will be presenting new preclinical and clinical data on SY-5609, our highly selective and potent oral CDK7 inhibitor. #oncology #biotech Learn more: https://lnkd.in/gqYmWYhb

A Promising Approach for Difficult-to-Treat Cancers

SY-5609 is a highly selective and potent oral inhibitor of the cyclin-dependent kinase 7 (CDK7) in a Phase 1 dose-escalation trial in patients with advanced breast, colorectal, lung, ovarian or pancreatic cancer, or with solid tumors of any histology that harbor Rb pathway alterations.

SY-5609 represents a new approach to treating cancer that we believe has potential in a range of difficult-to-treat cancers. It has shown robust anti-tumor activity, including complete regressions, in preclinical models of breast, colorectal, lung and ovarian cancers at doses below the maximum tolerated dose. In preclinical studies of breast, lung and ovarian cancers, deeper and more sustained responses were associated with the presence of Rb pathway alterations. SY-5609 has also shown substantial anti-tumor activity in combination with fulvestrant in treatment-resistant models of estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer, including those resistant to both fulvestrant and a CDK4/6 inhibitor. Early dose-escalation data demonstrated proof-of-mechanism at tolerable doses.

Syros to Present New Data from Phase 1 Clinical Trial of SY-5609 in Oral Presentation at ESMO Congress 2021SEPTEMBER 13, 2021

Management to Host Conference Call on Monday, September 20, 2021 at 4:00 p.m. ET

CAMBRIDGE, Mass.–(BUSINESS WIRE)– Syros Pharmaceuticals (NASDAQ:SYRS), a leader in the development of medicines that control the expression of genes, today announced that it will present new data from the dose-escalation portion of the Phase 1 clinical trial of SY-5609, its highly selective and potent oral cyclin-dependent kinase 7 (CDK7) inhibitor, at the ESMO Congress 2021, taking place virtually September 16-21, 2021. The oral presentation will include safety, tolerability, and initial clinical activity data for SY-5609 in patients with breast, colorectal, lung, ovarian and pancreatic cancers, as well as in patients with solid tumors of any histology harboring Rb pathway alterations.

In separate poster presentations, Syros will present new preclinical data evaluating the antitumor and pharmacodynamic activity of intermittent dosing regimens for SY-5609 in ovarian cancer models, as well as new preclinical data evaluating antitumor activity of SY-5609 as a single agent and in combination with chemotherapy in KRAS-mutant models.

The abstracts for the two poster presentations are now available online on the ESMO conference website at: https://www.esmo.org/meetings/esmo-congress-2021/abstracts, and the presentations will become available for on-demand viewing starting September 16 at 08:30 CEST (September 16 at 2:30 a.m. ET). The abstract for the oral presentation on the Phase 1 dose-escalation data will remain embargoed until September 17 at 00:05 CEST (September 16 at 6:05 p.m. ET).

Details of the oral presentation are as follows:

Presentation Title: Tolerability and Preliminary Clinical Activity of SY-5609, a Highly Potent and Selective Oral CDK7 Inhibitor, in Patients with Advanced Solid Tumors
Session Date & Time: Monday, September 20, 17:30-18:30 CEST (11:30-12:30 p.m. ET)
Presentation Time: 17:55-18:00 CEST (11:55-12:00 p.m. ET)
Session Title: Mini Oral Session: Developmental Therapeutics
Presenter: Manish Sharma, M.D., START Midwest
Abstract Number: 518MO

Details of the poster presentations are as follows:

Presentation Title: Preclinical Evaluation of Intermittent Dosing Regimens on Antitumor and PD Activity of SY-5609, a Potent and Selective Oral CDK7 Inhibitor, in Ovarian Cancer Xenografts
Abstract Number: 14P
Presentation Title: SY-5609, a Highly Potent and Selective Oral CDK7 inhibitor, Exhibits Robust Antitumor Activity in Preclinical Models of KRAS Mutant Cancers as a Single Agent and in Combination with Chemotherapy
Abstract Number: 13P

Conference Call Information

Syros will host a conference call on Monday, September 20, 2021 at 4:00 p.m. ET to discuss the new clinical and preclinical data for SY-5609, which will be presented at the ESMO Congress 2021.

To access the live conference call, please dial 866-595-4538 (domestic) or 636-812-6496 (international) and refer to conference ID 4648345. A webcast of the call will also be available on the Investors & Media section of the Syros website at www.syros.com. An archived replay of the webcast will be available for approximately 30 days following the conference call.

About Syros Pharmaceuticals

Syros is redefining the power of small molecules to control the expression of genes. Based on its unique ability to elucidate regulatory regions of the genome, Syros aims to develop medicines that provide a profound benefit for patients with diseases that have eluded other genomics-based approaches. Syros is advancing a robust clinical-stage pipeline, including: tamibarotene, a first-in-class oral selective RARα agonist in RARA-positive patients with higher-risk myelodysplastic syndrome and acute myeloid leukemia; SY-2101, a novel oral form of arsenic trioxide in patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia; and SY-5609, a highly selective and potent oral CDK7 inhibitor in patients with select solid tumors. Syros also has multiple preclinical and discovery programs in oncology and monogenic diseases.

View source version on businesswire.com: https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20210913005090/en/

PATENT

https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=WO2020219926&tab=PCTDESCRIPTION&_cid=P10-KTPT14-70600-1

CN(C)C\C=C\C(=O)Nc1ccc(cc1)C(=O)Nc1cccc(c1)Nc1ncc(Cl)c(n1)c1c[NH]c2ccccc21

THZ1; 1604810-83-4; THZ-1; HY-80013

CLIP

SY 1365 MEVOCICLIB, CAS 1816989-16-8

CN(C)C\C=C\C(=O)Nc1ccc(nc1)C(=O)N[C@]1(C)C[C@@H](CCC1)Nc1ncc(Cl)c(n1)c1c[NH]c2ccccc21

PATENT

https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=WO2016058544&tab=FULLTEXT&_cid=P10-KTPTVL-74436-1

PATENT

https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=US206490062&tab=PCTDESCRIPTION&_cid=P10-KTPTVL-74436-1

3-fluoro-4-(methylamino)-N-[(1S,3R)-1-methyl-3-[[4-(7-methyl-1H-indol-3-yl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl]amino]cyclohexyl]benzamide (Compound 130)

3-chloro-4-[[4-(dimethylamino)-3-hydroxy-butanoyl]amino]-N-[(1S,3R)-3-[[4-(1H-indazol-3-yl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl]amino]-1-methyl-cyclohexyl]benzamide (Compound 129)

4-amino-N-((1S,3R)-3-((5-chloro-4-(1H-indol-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)-1-methylcyclohexyl)benzamide (Compound 128)

4-amino-3-fluoro-N-[(1S,3R)-3-[[4-(1H-indazol-3-yl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl]amino]-1-methyl-cyclohexyl]benzamide (Compound 127)

4-amino-N-((1S,3R)-3-((5-chloro-4-(2-methyl-1H-indol-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)cyclohexyl)benzamide (Compound 126)

4-amino-N-((1S,3R)-3-((5-chloro-4-(1H-indazol-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)cyclohexyl)benzamide (Compound 124)

Example 25 Synthesis of N1-(4-(((1S,3R)-3-((5-chloro-4-(1H-indol-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)cyclohexyl)carbamoyl)phenyl)oxalamide (Compound 113)

Example 24 Synthesis of N-((1S,3R)-3-((5-chloro-4-(1H-indol-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)cyclohexyl)-4-(4-(dimethylamino)butanamido)benzamide (Compound 105)

PATENT

https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=US319558608&tab=PCTDESCRIPTION&_cid=P10-KTPTVL-74436-1

4-amino-N-(3-(5-chloro-4-(1H-indol-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-ylamino)tricyclo[3.3.1.1^3,7]decanyl)benzamide (Compound 100).

+/−)-4-amino-N-(3-(5-chloro-4-(1H-indol-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-ylamino)-5 hydroxycyclohexyl)benzamide (Compound 101)

4-amino-N-((1S,3R)-3-(5-chloro-4-(1H-indol-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-ylamino)cyclohexyl)benzamide (Compound 102)

(1S,3R)-N-(4-aminophenyl)-3-(5-chloro-4-(1H-indol-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-ylamino)cyclohexanecarboxamide (Compound 106)

4-amino-N-((1S,3R)-3-(5-cyclopropyl-4-(1H-indol-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-ylamino)cyclohexyl)benzamide.HCl (Compound 103)

4-amino-N-((1S,3R)-3-(5-chloro-4-(pyridin-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-ylamino)cyclohexyl)benzamide (Compound 108)

4-amino-N-((1S,3R)-3-(5-cyano-4-(1H-indol-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-ylamino)cyclohexyl)benzamide (Compound 107)

(+/−)-4-amino-N-(3-(5-chloro-4-(1H-indol-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-ylamino)-5-fluorocyclohexyl)benzamide (Compound 110)

4-amino-N-(5-(5-chloro-4-(1H-indol-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-ylamino)bicyclo[3.1.1]heptan-1-yl)benzamide (Compound 104)

4-amino-N4(1R,5S)-5-(5-chloro-4-(1H-indol-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-ylamino)-3,3-difluorocyclohexyl)benzamide (Compound 115)

4-amino-N-((1S,3R)-3-(5-chloro-4-(1H-indol-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-ylamino)cyclohexyl)benzenesulfonamide (Compound 109).

4-amino-N-((1S,3R)-3-(5-chloro-4-(1H-indol-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-ylamino)cyclohexyl)-2-fluorobenzamide (Compound 112)

4-amino-N-((1S,3R)-3-(5-chloro-4-(1H-indol-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-ylamino)cyclohexyl)-3-fluorobenzamide (Compound 111).

(+/−)-4-amino-N-(3-(5-chloro-4-(1H-indol-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-ylamino)-1-methylcyclohexyl)benzamide (Compound 116).

N-((1S,3R)-3-(4-(1H-indol-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-ylamino)cyclohexyl)-4-aminobenzamide (Compound 114).

4-amino-N-((1S,3R)-3-(5-chloro-4-(1H-indol-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-ylamino)cyclohexyl)-2-morpholinobenzamide(Compound 117).

4-amino-N-((1S,3R)-3-(5-chloro-4-(1H-indol-3-yl)pyridin-2-ylamino)cyclohexyl)benzamide (Compound 118).

3-amino-N-(trans-4-(5-chloro-4-(1H-indol-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-ylamino)cyclohexyl)benzamide.HCl (Compound 119).

(1S,3R)-N1-(R)-1-(4-aminophenyl)-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)-N3-(5-chloro-4-(1H-indol-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)cyclohexane-1,3-diamine (Compound 120).

(1S,3R)-N1-(4-aminobenzyl)-N3-(5-chloro-4-(1H-indol-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)-N1-methylcyclohexane-1,3-diamine.HCl (Compound 122).

4-amino-N-((1S,3R)-3-(5-chloro-4-(pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridin-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-ylamino)cyclohexyl)benzamide.HCl (Compound 123).

Synthesis of 5-amino-N-((1S,3R)-3-(5-chloro-4-(1-methyl-1H-indol-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-ylamino)cyclohexyl)picolinamide (Compound 125)

Synthesis of N-((1S,3R)-3-((5-chloro-4-(1H-indol-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)cyclohexyl)-4-(4-(dimethylamino)butanamido)benzamide (Compound 105)

Synthesis of N1-(4-(((1S,3R)-3-)(5-chloro-4-(1H-indol-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)cyclohexyl)carbamoyl)phenyl)oxalamide (Compound 113)

Synthesis of 4-amino-N-((1S,3R)-3-((5-chloro-4-(1H-indazol-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)cyclohexyl)benzamide (Compound 124)

Synthesis of 4-amino-N-((1S,3R)-3-((5-chloro-4-(2-methyl-1H-indol-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)cyclohexyl)benzamide (Compound 126)

Synthesis of 4-amino-3-fluoro-N-[(1S,3R)-3-[[4-(1H-indazol-3-yl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl]amino]-1-methyl-cyclohexyl]benzamide (Compound 127).

Synthesis of 4-amino-N-((1S,3R)-3-((5-chloro-4-(1H-indol-3-yl) pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)-1-methylcyclohexyl)benzamide (Compound 128)

Synthesis of 3-chloro-4-[[4-(dimethylamino)-3 hydroxy-butanoyl]amino]-N-[(1S,3R)-3-[[4-(1H-indazol-3-yl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl]amino]-1-methyl-cyclohexyl]benzamide (Compound 129).

Synthesis of 3-fluoro-4-(methylamino)-N-[(1S,3R)-1-methyl-3-[[4-(7-methyl-1H-indol-3-yl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl]amino]cyclohexyl]benzamide (Compound 130)

//////////////SY 5609, 2519828-12-5, Cancer, solid tumor, PHASE 1, SYROS

wdt-13

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MAX 40279

September 14, 2021 2:06 am / 1 Comment on MAX 40279

Thieno(3,2-d)pyrimidin-2-amine, 7-(4-fluoro-2-methoxyphenyl)-6-methyl-N-(1-(4-piperidinyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-.png

MAX 40279, EX-A4057

Max 4; MAX-40279; MAX-40279-001; MAX-40279-01

UNII-DL772G3NN7

2070931-57-4

C₂₂H₂₃FN₆OS, 438.5

7-(4-fluoro-2-methoxyphenyl)-6-methyl-N-(1-piperidin-4-ylpyrazol-4-yl)thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidin-2-amine

Thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidin-2-amine, 7-(4-fluoro-2-methoxyphenyl)-6-methyl-N-[1-(4-piperidinyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl]-

7-(4-FLUORO-2-METHOXYPHENYL)-6-METHYL-N-(1-(PIPERIDIN-4-YL)-1H-PYRAZOL-4-YL) THIENO (3,2-D)PYRIMIDIN-2-AMINE SEMI-FUMARATE CAS 2388506-43-0

7-(4-Fluoro-2-methoxyphenyl)-6-methyl-N-[1-(4-piperidinyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl]thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidin-2-amine

Originator Maxinovel Pharmaceuticals
ClassAntineoplastics
Mechanism of ActionFibroblast growth factor receptor antagonists; Fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 inhibitors
Orphan Drug StatusYes – Acute myeloid leukaemia
Phase IAcute myeloid leukaemia; Solid tumours

Most Recent Events

28 Nov 2019Phase-I clinical trials in Solid tumours (Late-stage disease, Metastatic disease) in China (PO) (NCT04183764)
16 Apr 2019Phase-I clinical trials in Acute myeloid leukaemia (Second-line therapy or greater) in China (PO) (NCT04187495)
23 Jan 2019Guangzhou Maxinovel Pharmaceuticals plans a phase I trial in China (ChiCTR1900020971)
MaxiNovel Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Announces FDA Orphan Drug Designation for MAX-40279 for the Treatment of Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML)

March 29, 2018 11:24 AM Eastern Daylight Timehttps://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20180329005826/en/MaxiNovel-Pharmaceuticals-Inc.-Announces-FDA-Orphan-Drug-Designation-for-MAX-40279-for-the-Treatment-of-Acute-Myeloid-Leukemia-AML

GUANGZHOU, China–(BUSINESS WIRE)–MaxiNovel Pharmaceuticals, Inc. announced today that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (“FDA”) has granted MaxiNovel Orphan Drug Designation for MAX-40279 in the treatment of Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML).

AML is the most common acute leukemia which accounts for approximately 25% of all adult leukemias worldwide. Approximately one-third of AML patients have a FLT3 gene mutation. Such mutation can result in faster disease progression, higher relapse rates and lower rates of survival than other forms of AML. Inhibition of FLT3 mutation is of high importance in combating AML.

In the preclinical testing, MAX-40279 demonstrated potent inhibition of both FLT3 and FGFR with excellent drug concentration in the bone marrow. It is designed to overcome the observed drug resistance of the current FLT3 inhibitors due to the bone marrow FGF/FGFR pathway activation.

“We are very pleased to receive the ODD,” commented MaxiNovel’s Vice President Dr. Elizabeth Ashraf. “Our objective is to bring the best in class medicine to the patients worldwide.”

The FDA Office of Orphan Products Development grants orphan drug designation to novel drugs and biologics that are intended for the safe and effective treatment, diagnosis or prevention of rare diseases or disorders that affect fewer than 200,000 people in the United States. The designation allows manufacturers to qualify for various incentives including federal grants, tax credits for qualified clinical trials, a waiver of PDUFA filing fees and 7 years of market exclusivity upon regulatory approval.

About MaxiNovel Pharmaceuticals, Inc:

Maxinovel Pharmaceuticals, Inc. is a biotech company focusing on the discovery and development of Immuno-oncology therapy and targeted therapy. It will use its orally active Immuno-oncology product platform to bring effective combo product of multi-components in a single oral pill to the patients worldwide. For more info: www.maxinovel.com

The JAK-STAT (Janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription) signal pathway is a signal transduction pathway stimulated by cytokines discovered in recent years, and it participates in many important biology such as cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis and immune regulation. Process (Aaronson, D Set al. Science 2002, 296, 1653-1655; O’Shea, J Jet al. Nat. Rev. Drug Discovery 2004, 3, 555-564). Compared with other signal pathways, the transmission process of this signal pathway is relatively simple. It mainly consists of three components, namely tyrosine kinase-related receptor, tyrosine kinase JAK and transcription factor STAT. JAK (Janus Kinase), a type of molecule in the cell, is rapidly recruited and activated on the receptor after receiving the signal from the upstream receptor molecule. The activated JAK catalyzes the receptor tyrosine phosphorylation, and the phosphorylation of tyrosine on the receptor molecule Amino acid is the recognition and binding site of a kind of signal molecule STAT SH2. Tyrosine phosphorylation occurs after STAT binds to the receptor. Tyrosine phosphorylated STAT forms a dimer and enters the nucleus. As an active transcription factor, dimeric STAT molecules directly affect the expression of related genes, thereby changing the proliferation or differentiation status of target cells.

The JAK-STAT pathway is widely present in various tissues and cells in the body, and has an important role in the differentiation, proliferation, and anti-infection of lymphocytes, and participates in the interaction of various inflammatory factors and signal transduction (Kiesseleva T. et al. . J. Gene, 2002, 285, 1-24). The abnormal activation of this pathway is closely related to a variety of diseases. Finding and screening JAK inhibitors can help in-depth study of the regulatory mechanism of JAK-STAT, thereby providing new drugs and methods for the prevention and treatment of related diseases

The occurrence, growth, invasion and metastasis of tumors are related to the JAK-STAT signal transduction pathway. In normal signal transduction, the activation of STATs is rapid and transient. The continuous activation of STATs is closely related to the process of malignant transformation of cells (Buettner R. et al. Clin. Cancer Res. 2002, 8(4), 945-954). STAT3 is the focus of multiple oncogenic tyrosine kinase signal channels such as EGFR, IL-6/JAK, Src, etc. It is activated in a variety of tumor cells and tissues, such as breast cancer, ovarian cancer, and head and neck squamous cells. Like cell carcinoma, prostate cancer, malignant melanoma, multiple myeloma, lymphoma, brain tumor, non-small cell lung cancer and various leukemias, etc. (Niu G. et al. Oncogene 2002, 21(13), 2000-2008 ). JAK-STAT pathway inhibitors belong to PTK inhibitors, and this enzyme is a member of the oncogene protein and proto-oncoprotein family, and plays an important role in the normal and abnormal cell proliferation. The occurrence and growth of tumors are inseparable from PTK. Therefore, JAK-STAT pathway inhibitors inhibit tumor growth by antagonizing PTK, and have obvious anti-tumor effects (Mora LBet al.J.Cancer Res.2002,62(22) , 6659-6666).

In addition, the latest research shows that: organ transplant rejection, psoriasis, tissue and organ fibrosis, bronchial asthma, ischemic cardiomyopathy, heart failure, myocardial infarction, blood system diseases, and immune system diseases are all related to JAK-STAT signaling. The pathway is closely related. This signaling pathway is not only important for maintaining the normal physiological functions of cells, but also has an important regulatory role for the occurrence and development of diseases.

The Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor family belongs to a new type of receptor kinase family, which includes four receptor subtypes (FGFR-1,2,3) encoded by four closely related genes. And 4) and some heterogeneous molecules, which form a ternary complex with fibroblast growth factor (FGF) and heparan sulfate, and then trigger a series of signal transduction pathways to participate in the regulation of physiological processes in the organism. FGFR has a wide range of physiological and pathological effects in the body: (1) Embryo development. Studies have shown that during embryonic development, FGFR signal transduction is essential for most organ development and the formation of embryonic patterns. (2) Cell division, migration and differentiation. FGFR stimulates cell proliferation and participates in the regulation of cell transformation in the pathological process. There are many parallel pathways to achieve FGFR-mediated cell division signal transduction, which has been confirmed by many studies (JKWang et al., Oncogene 1997, 14, 1767 -1778.). (3) Bone diseases. The growth and differentiation of bones are also regulated by the FGF family, and mutations in FGFR can cause bone deformities (R. Shang et al., Cell 1994, 78, 335-342.). (4) The occurrence of tumors. FGFR can promote the migration, proliferation and differentiation of endothelial cells, and plays an important role in the regulation of angiogenesis and angiogenesis. Uncontrolled angiogenesis can lead to the occurrence of tumors and the growth of metastases (J.Folkman.Nat.Med.1995) ,1,27-31.).

FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3, FLT3) belongs to the type III receptor tyrosine kinase (receptor tyrosine kinase III, RTK III) family member, it is composed of extracellular domain, intracellular domain and The transmembrane region is composed of 3 parts, which are first expressed in human hematopoietic stem cells. FLT3 interacts with its ligand FL to stimulate or act on stem cells, which is of great significance to the growth and differentiation of stem cells. FLT3 kinase has wild-type FLT3-WT and its main activation mutant FLT3-ITD and FLT3-D835Y. FLT3 is mainly expressed in the precursors of normal myeloid cells, but its abnormal expression is also found in a large part of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells.

In recent years, many large-scale studies have confirmed that activating mutations of FLT3 play a very important pathological role in the occurrence and progression of acute myeloid leukemia. FLT3 has become an important target for the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia.

rc family kinase (SFK) is a family of non-receptor tyrosine kinases, including c-Src, LYN, FYN, LCK, HCK, FGR, BLK, YES and YRK, among which LYN kinase has LYNα and LYNβ Both subtypes, LYN kinase and its two subtypes can cause similar intracellular tyrosine phosphorylation. According to the amino acid sequence, SFK can be divided into two sub-families: one family is c-Src, FYN, YES and FGR, which are widely expressed in different tissues; the other family is LCK, BLK, LYN and HCK, which are closely related to hematopoietic cells. SFK is connected to multiple signal transduction pathways in the body, and can be activated by growth factors, cytokines and immune cell receptors, G protein-coupled receptors, integrins and other cell adhesion molecules, and then activate the corresponding signal transduction pathways , Causing a variety of physiological effects of cells. The activity of SFK mainly includes the regulation of cell morphology, cell movement, cell proliferation and survival. The abnormal activation and expression of these kinases leads to the occurrence and development of a wide range of diseases, such as a large number of solid tumors, various hematological malignancies and some neuronal pathologies. Therefore, looking for SFK inhibitors is a promising research topic in the field of medicinal chemistry.

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Patent

CN106366093A

PATENT

WO 2017012559

https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=WO2017012559Example 31
N-[7-(4-Fluoro-2-methoxyphenyl)-6-methylthieno[3,2-d]pyrimidin-2-yl]-1-(piperidin-4-yl)- 1H-pyrazole-4-amine (Compound 31)

Synthesis of compound 31-e
2,4-Dichloro-6-methylthiophene [3,2-d] pyrimidine (10g, 45.6mmol) was dissolved in tetrahydrofuran (100mL) and ethanol (100mL), and the reaction solution was cooled to 0°C and divided Sodium borohydride (12.5 g, 198 mmol) was added in batches. The reaction solution was raised to room temperature and continued to stir for 16 hours, diluted with water (500 mL), and then adjusted to pH=7 with 1N aqueous hydrochloric acid. The aqueous phase was extracted with ethyl acetate (150 mL×3). The organic phase was washed sequentially with water (100mL×3) and saturated brine (100mL), dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered, and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain a white solid 31-e (7.5g, yield: 88%). The product does not require further purification. LC-MS(ESI): m/z=187[M+H] ⁺ .[0492]Synthesis of compound 31-d[0493]Compound 31-e (7.5 g, 40 mmol) was dissolved in chloroform (300 mL) at 0°C, active manganese dioxide (35 g, 400 mmol) was added, the reaction solution was raised to room temperature and stirring was continued for 16 hours. The reaction solution was filtered through Celite, and the filter cake was washed with chloroform (100 mL×3). The combined filtrates were concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain white solid 31-d (6.6 g, yield: 89%), which did not require further purification. LC-MS(ESI): m/z=185[M+H]+.[0494]Synthesis of compound 31-c[0495]Compound 31-d (3.1g, 16.8mmol) was dissolved in trifluoroacetic acid (30mL) at 0℃, N-iodosuccinimide (5.7g, 25.3mmol) was added in batches, and the reaction solution was raised to Keep stirring at room temperature for 1 hour. Water (50 mL) was added to the reaction solution to quench the reaction, and it was extracted with dichloromethane (50 mL×3). The organic phase was washed successively with water (50mL×3) and saturated brine (50mL), dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered, and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain a white solid 31-c (4.9g, yield: 94%). The product does not require further purification. LC-MS(ESI): m/z＝311[M+H] ⁺ .[0496]Synthesis of compound 31-b[0497]Compound 31-c (615mg, 1.98mmol), 2-methoxy-4-fluorophenylboronic acid (405mg, 2.38mmol) and sodium carbonate (630mg, 5.94mmol) were suspended in dioxane (5mL) water (5mL) ), add [1,1′-bis(diphenylphosphorus)ferrocene]dichloropalladium dichloromethane complex (163mg, 0.2mmol). Replace with nitrogen 3 times, and heat to 80°C to react for 16 hours. After cooling to room temperature, the reaction solution was concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was partitioned with dichloromethane (50mL) and water (50mL). The organic phase was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and filtered. The filtrate was concentrated and purified by silica gel column chromatography (petroleum Ether: dichloromethane=1:1) to obtain a white solid 31-b (240 mg, yield: 39%). LC-MS(ESI): m/z=309[M+H] ⁺ .[0498]Synthesis of compound 31-a[0499]Compound 31-b (240mg, 0.78mmol) and compound 32-c (208mg, 0.78mmol) were dissolved in N,N-dimethylformamide (3mL), potassium carbonate (323mg, 2.34mmol) was added, 2- Dicyclohexylphosphine-2′,6′-diisopropoxy-1,1′-biphenyl (112 mg, 0.24 mmol) and tris(dibenzylideneacetone) dipalladium (134 mg, 0.24 mmol). Under the protection of nitrogen, heat to 110°C to react for 16 hours. After cooling to room temperature, the reaction solution was partitioned with dichloromethane (50 mL) and water (50 mL). The organic phase was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered, and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel thin layer chromatography preparation plate (petroleum Ether: ethyl acetate = 1:1) to obtain a yellow viscous oil 31-a (190 mg, yield: 45%). LC-MS(ESI): m/z=539[M+H] ⁺ .[0500]Synthesis of compound 31[0501]31-a (190 mg, 0.35 mmol) was dissolved in dichloromethane (3 mL), trifluoroacetic acid (3 mL) was added, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 3 hours. The reaction solution was concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was layered with ethyl acetate (50mL) and 1N aqueous hydrochloric acid (50mL). The aqueous phase was adjusted to pH=10 with saturated aqueous potassium carbonate solution. 3) Washing and vacuum drying the solid to obtain a light yellow solid 31 (22 mg, yield: 14%). LC-MS(ESI): m/z=439[M+H] ⁺ .[0502]¹ H-NMR (400MHz, MeOD) δ: 8.78 (d, J = 5Hz, 1H), 7.87 (s, 1H), 7.48 (s, 1H), 7.35 (m, 1H), 7.05 (dd, J = 11Hz) ,J = 2Hz, 1H), 6.91 (m, 1H), 4.10 (m, 1H), 3.79 (s, 3H), 3.22 (m, 2H), 2.77 (m, 2H), 2.47 (s, 3H), 2.03(m,2H),1.73(m,2H)ppm

PATENT

WO 2019228171

https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=WO2019228171&_cid=P10-KTJFI4-27381-1

Example 1 Preparation of fumarate of fused ring pyrimidine compound as shown in formula 2
Weigh the compound N-[7-(4-fluoro-2-methoxyphenyl)-6-methylthieno[3,2-d]pyrimidin-2-yl]-1-(piperidine-4- Base)-1H-pyrazol-4-amine (synthesized according to Example 31 of patent CN106366093A) 100mg (0.228mmol, 1eq) into the vial, add 10mL 88% acetone-water solution, add the vial at about 50°C and stir until dissolved clear. 1.1 mL of fumaric acid with a concentration of 0.25 mol/L in ethanol (0.275 mmol, 1.2 eq) was slowly added dropwise to the free base solution of fused ring pyrimidine compounds, and stirred at 50 ℃ for 1 hour, and then the solution was The rate of 5°C/h was slowly reduced to room temperature, and the solid was collected and dried under vacuum at 40°C overnight.
¹ H-NMR (400MHz, DMSO-d ₆ ) δ: 9.45 (s, 1H), 8.94 (s, 1H), 7.75 (s, 1H), 7.78-7.33 (m, 2H), 7.15 (d, J = 6.4Hz, 1H), 6.99 (dd, J = 7.6 Hz, J = 7.2 Hz, 1H), 6.42 (s, 1H), 4.10 (m, 1H), 3.73 (s, 3H), 3.17 (d, J = 12.4 Hz, 2H), 2.77 (dd, J = 12.4 Hz, J = 11.6 Hz, 2H), 2.40 (s, 3H), 1.94 (d, J = 11.6 Hz, 2H), 1.73 (m, 2H) ppm.

PATENT

WO2021175155

https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=WO2021175155&tab=FULLTEXT&_cid=P10-KTIIWZ-64113-1

7-(4-Fluoro-2-methoxyphenyl)-6-methyl-N-(1-piperidin-4-yl)-1hydro-pyrazol-4-yl)thieno[3,2 -D]pyrimidine-2-amino is a strong JAK, FGFR, FLT3 kinase inhibitor, and has a good application prospect in the treatment of tumors, immune system diseases, allergic diseases and cardiovascular diseases. This compound is described in patent CN106366093A and has the following chemical structure:

CN106366093A discloses the preparation method of the compound:

In the above synthetic route, NaBH ₄ is sodium borohydride, MnO ₂ is manganese dioxide, NIS is N-iodosuccinimide, TFA is trifluoroacetic acid, and Pd(dppf)Cl ₂ is [1,1′- Bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene]palladium dichloride, DIAD is diisopropyl azodicarboxylate, PPh ₃ is triphenylphosphine, Pd/C is palladium on carbon, Pd ₂ (dba) ₃ is Tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium, RuPhos is 2-bicyclohexylphosphine-2′,6′-diisopropoxybiphenyl.

However, the above method has the problems of a large number of reaction steps, low yield, and requires column chromatography for separation and purification, and is not suitable for industrial scale-up production. Therefore, it is necessary to improve its preparation method.

The present invention provides a method for preparing a compound represented by formula B, which comprises the following steps: under a protective gas atmosphere, in a solvent, in the presence of a catalyst and a base, a compound represented by formula C is combined with a compound represented by formula K The compound can be subjected to the coupling reaction shown below; the catalyst includes a palladium compound and a phosphine ligand;

The preparation method of the compound represented by formula B may further include the following steps: in an organic solvent, in the presence of a base, the compound represented by formula E and the compound represented by formula D are subjected to the substitution reaction shown below, To obtain the compound represented by formula C;

The present invention provides a method for preparing a compound represented by formula C, which comprises the following steps: in an organic solvent, in the presence of a base, a compound represented by formula E and a compound represented by formula D are subjected to the following steps: Substitution reaction is enough;

Example 1: 2-Chloro-6-methylthieno[3,2-D]pyrimidine (Compound I)
Into a 500L reactor, add 10% palladium on carbon (4.6Kg), 2,4-dichloro-6-methylthieno[3,2-D]pyrimidine (24.2Kg, 109.5mol), and tetrahydrofuran (150Kg) in sequence And N,N-diisopropylethylamine (17.0Kg, 131.5mol). Fill the kettle with hydrogen, and control the hydrogen pressure at 0.5 MPa. Turn on the stirring and keep the temperature at 25±5°C to react for 120 hours. Filter, collect the filtrate, concentrate the filtrate under reduced pressure, add ethanol (58Kg) to the concentrate, and concentrate again to bring out residual tetrahydrofuran. Add ethanol (60Kg) and stir at 70±5°C until all solids are dissolved. Cool down, control the temperature at 25±5°C, add 360Kg of purified water dropwise to the kettle, control the dropping rate, and keep the temperature at 25±5°C. The solid product was separated out, centrifuged, and the filter cake was vacuum dried to obtain the product 2-chloro-6-methylthieno[3,2-D]pyrimidine 18.94Kg, yield: 93.2%. LC-MS(ESI): m/z＝185.1[M+H] ⁺ .
¹ H NMR (400MHz, d ⁶ -DMSO): δ9.30 (s, 1H), 7.34 (s, 1H), 2.73 (s, 3H).
Example 2: 2-Chloro-6-methylthieno[3,2-D]pyrimidine (Compound I)
To a 100mL reaction flask, add 10% palladium on carbon (0.17g), 2,4-dichloro-6-methylthieno[3,2-D]pyrimidine (2g, 9.2mmol), tetrahydrofuran (40mL) and N,N-Diisopropylethylamine (1.412 g, 10.9 mmol). Fill the bottle with hydrogen and control the hydrogen pressure at 0.5MPa. Turn on the stirring and keep the temperature at 25±5°C to react for 20 hours. Filter, collect the filtrate, concentrate the filtrate under reduced pressure, add ethanol (2.1 g) to the concentrate, and concentrate again to bring out residual tetrahydrofuran. Add ethanol (2.2g) and stir at 70±5°C until all solids are dissolved. Cool down, control the temperature at 25±5°C, add 13.3g of purified water dropwise to the kettle, control the dropping rate, and keep the temperature at 25±5°C. The solid product was precipitated, centrifuged, and the filter cake was vacuum dried to obtain 2.4 g of 2-chloro-6-methylthieno[3,2-D]pyrimidine as a product, with a yield of 82%. The LC-MS and ¹ H NMR are the same as in Example 1.
Example 3: 7-Bromo 2-chloro-6-methylthieno[3,2-D]pyrimidine (Compound E)
Add trifluoroacetic acid (150Kg) and 2-chloro-6-methylthieno[3,2-D]pyrimidine (18.90Kg, 102.4mol) into a 500L enamel reactor. Add N-bromosuccinimide (18.33Kg, 103.0mol) under temperature control at 15±5℃. After the addition, the temperature is controlled at 25±5℃ to react for 2 hours. Sampling to monitor the reaction, there is still a small amount of raw materials remaining. Additional N-bromosuccinimide (1.0 Kg, 5.6 mol) was added, stirring was continued for 1 hour, sampling and monitoring showed that the reaction was complete. Control the temperature at 10±5°C, and add 274Kg of water dropwise. After the addition, stir at 10±5°C for 2 hours. After centrifugation, the solid was vacuum-dried to obtain the product, 7-bromo-2-chloro-6-methylthieno[3,2-D]pyrimidine, 24.68Kg, yield: 91.4%. LC-MS(ESI): m/z＝265.0[M+H] ⁺ .
¹ H NMR (400MHz, d ⁶ -DMSO): δ9.33 (s, 1H), 2.64 (s, 3H).
Example 4: 4-(p-toluenesulfonyl)-piperidine-1-tert-butyl carbonate (Compound G)
Add pyridine (176Kg) and N-BOC-4-hydroxypiperidine (36.00Kg, 178.9mol) to a 500L enamel reactor. Add p-toluenesulfonyl chloride (50.5Kg, 264.9mol) in batches under temperature control at 10±10°C. After the addition, the temperature is controlled at 25±5°C to react for 18 hours. The reaction solution was transferred to a 1000L reactor, the temperature was controlled at 15±5°C, and 710Kg of water was added dropwise. After the addition, stir at 15±5°C for 2 hours. After filtration, the solid was washed with water and dried in vacuum to obtain the product 4-(p-methylbenzenesulfonyl)-piperidine-1-carbonate tert-butyl ester, 59.3Kg, yield: 93.3%. LC-MS(ESI): m/z＝378.0[M+Na] ⁺ .
Example 5: 4-(4-Nitro-1hydro-pyrazol-1-yl)piperidine-1-tert-butyl carbonate (Compound F)
Add N,N-dimethylformamide (252Kg), 4-(p-methylbenzenesulfonyl)-piperidine-1-carbonate tert-butyl ester (59.3Kg, 166.8mol), 4-nitro to the reaction kettle Pyrazole (21.5Kg, 190.1mol), and anhydrous potassium carbonate (34.3Kg, 248.2mol). The temperature was controlled at 80±5°C and the reaction was stirred for 18 hours. Cool down to 15±5°C, add 900Kg of water dropwise, control the dropping rate, and keep the temperature at 15±5°C. After the addition, stir at 5±5°C for 2 hours. After filtering, the solid was washed twice with water and dried in vacuum to obtain the product 4-(4-nitro-1hydro-pyrazol-1-yl)piperidine-1-tert-butyl carbonate 39.92Kg, yield: 80.8%. LC-MS (ESI): m/z=319.1 [M+Na] ⁺ .
¹ H NMR (400MHz, d ⁶ -DMSO): δ8.96(s,1H), 8.27(s,1H), 4.44-4.51(m,1H), 4.06-4.08(m,2H), 2.75-2.91( m, 2H), 2.04-2.07 (m, 2H), 1.80-1.89 (m, 2H), 1.41 (s, 9H).
Example 6: 4-(4-Amino-1hydro-pyrazol-1-yl)piperidine-1-tert-butyl carbonate (Compound D)
Add 10% palladium-carbon (2.00Kg), 4-(4-nitro-1hydro-pyrazol-1-yl)piperidine-1-tert-butyl carbonate (39.94Kg, 134.09mol) to the reaction kettle, nothing Water ethanol (314Kg) and ammonia (20.0Kg, 134.09mol). Fill the kettle with hydrogen, and control the hydrogen pressure at 0.2MPa. Turn on the stirring and keep the temperature at 45±5°C to react for 4 hours. Filter, collect the filtrate, and concentrate the filtrate under reduced pressure. Add ethyl acetate (40Kg) and n-heptane (142Kg) to the concentrate, stir at 25±5°C for 1 hour, and then lower the temperature to 5±5°C and stir for 2 hours. After filtration, the solid was vacuum dried to obtain the product 4-(4-amino-1hydro-pyrazol-1-yl)piperidine-1-tert-butyl carbonate 31.85Kg, yield: 88.6%. LC-MS(ESI): m/z＝267.2[M+H] ⁺ .
¹ H NMR (400MHz, d ⁶ -DMSO): δ7.06 (s, 1H), 6.91 (s, 1H), 4.08-4.15 (m, 1H), 3.98-4.01 (m, 2H), 3.81 (brs, 2H), 2.83-2.87 (m, 2H), 1.88-1.91 (m, 2H), 1.63-1.72 (m, 2H), 1.41 (s, 9H).
Example 7: 4-(4-(7-Bromo-6-methylthieno[3,2-D]pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)-1hydro-pyrazol-1-yl)piperidine-1 -Tert-butyl carbonate (compound C)
Add n-butanol (117Kg), N,N-diisopropylethylamine (15.00Kg, 116.06mol), 4-(4-amino-1hydro-pyrazol-1-yl)piperidine to the reaction kettle 1-tert-butyl carbonate (32.02Kg, 120.22mol) and 7-bromo-2-chloro-6-methylthieno[3,2-D]pyrimidine (24.68Kg, 93.65mol). Turn on the stirring and keep the temperature at 100±5°C to react for 42 hours. Concentrate under reduced pressure. Methanol was added to the concentrate to be beaten. The solid was filtered and dried under vacuum to obtain the product 4-(4-(7-bromo-6-methylthieno[3,2-D]pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)-1hydro-pyrazol-1-yl ) Piperidine-1-tert-butyl carbonate 37.26Kg, yield: 80.6%. LC-MS(ESI): m/z=493.1[M+H] ⁺ .
¹ H NMR (400MHz, d ⁶ -DMSO): δ9.73 (s, 1H), 8.97 (s, 1H), 8.18 (s, 1H), 7.68 (s, 1H), 4.30-4.36 (m, 1H) ,4.01-4.04(m,2H),2.87-2.93(m,2H),2.53(s,3H),2.00-2.03(m,2H),1.70-1.80(m,2H),1.41(s,9H) .
Example 8: 4-(4-((7-(4-fluoro-2-methoxyphenyl)-6-methylthieno[3,2-D]pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)-1 Hydro-pyrazol-1-yl)piperidine-1-tert-butyl carbonate (Compound B)
Add purified water (113Kg), dioxane (390Kg), 4-(4-(7-bromo-6-methylthieno[3,2-D]pyrimidin-2-yl)amino) into the reactor -1H-pyrazol-1-yl)piperidine-1-tert-butyl carbonate (37.26Kg, 93.65mol), 2-methoxy-4-fluorophenylboronic acid pinacol ester (23.05Kg, 120.22mol) , Anhydrous potassium carbonate (20.95Kg, 151.8mol), palladium acetate (0.18Kg, 0.80mol) and 2-dicyclohexylphosphine-2,4,6-triisopropylbiphenyl (0.90Kg, 1.89mol). Under the protection of nitrogen, the temperature is controlled at 70±5℃ to react for 4 hours. Cool down to 40±5°C, add ammonia water (68Kg), and stir for 8 hours. Cool down to 20±5°C and dilute with water (1110Kg). Dichloromethane extraction twice (244Kg, 170Kg). Combine the organic phases, wash sequentially with water and then with saturated brine. Add 3-mercaptopropyl ethyl sulfide-based silica (4.0Kg, used to remove heavy metal palladium) into the organic phase, and stir at 40±5°C for 20 hours. After filtration, the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure. The remainder was slurried sequentially with methyl tert-butyl ether and ethanol. Filter and dry in vacuo to obtain 4-(4-((7-(4-fluoro-2-methoxyphenyl)-6-methylthieno[3,2-D]pyrimidin-2-yl)amino) -1H-pyrazol-1-yl)piperidine-1-tert-butyl carbonate 34.6Kg, yield: 68.6%. LC-MS(ESI): m/z=539.3[M+H] ⁺ .
¹ H NMR (400MHz, d ⁶ -DMSO): δ9.46 (s, 1H), 8.94 (s, 1H), 7.76 (s, 1H), 7.38 (s, 1H), 7.33 to 7.35 (m, 1H) ,7.08-7.11(m,1H),6.91-6.95(m,1H),4.03-4.12(m,3H),3.73(s,3H),2.85-2.89(m,2H),2.39(s,3H) ,1.90-1.93(m,2H),1.55-1.60(m,2H),1.41(s,9H).
Comparative Example 1: 2-Chloro-6-methylthieno[3,2-D]pyrimidine (Compound I)
Into a 100mL reaction flask, add 10% palladium on carbon (0.1g), 2,4-dichloro-6-methylthieno[3,2-D]pyrimidine (2g, 9.2mmol), methanol (40mL) and N,N-Diisopropylethylamine (1.412 g, 10.9 mmol). Fill the bottle with hydrogen and control the hydrogen pressure at 0.5MPa. Turn on the stirring and keep the temperature at 25±5°C to react for 21 hours. Filter, collect the filtrate, concentrate the filtrate under reduced pressure, add ethanol (2.1 g) to the concentrate, and concentrate again to bring out residual tetrahydrofuran. Add ethanol (2.2g) and stir at 70±5°C until all solids are dissolved. Cool down, control the temperature at 25±5°C, add 13.3g of purified water dropwise to the kettle, control the dropping rate, and keep the temperature at 25±5°C. The solid product was precipitated, centrifuged, and the filter cake was vacuum dried to obtain 1.6 g of 2-chloro-6-methylthieno[3,2-D]pyrimidine as a product, with a yield of 54%. Methoxy substituted impurities in 20% yield.
Comparative Example 2: 2-Chloro-6-methylthieno[3,2-D]pyrimidine (Compound I)
After replacing the solvent tetrahydrofuran in Example 2 with ethyl acetate, the solubility of 2-chloro-6-methylthieno[3,2-D]pyrimidine in ethyl acetate was poor, and only a small amount of product was formed, which was not calculated Specific yield.
Comparative example 3: 4-(p-toluenesulfonyl)-piperidine-1-tert-butyl carbonate (Compound G)
Triethylamine (25mL), N-BOC-4-hydroxypiperidine (5g) were added to a 100mL reaction flask. P-toluenesulfonyl chloride (7.1g) was added in batches while controlling the temperature at 10±10°C. After the addition, the temperature is controlled at 25±5℃ to react for 25 hours. Monitoring by LC-MS showed a large amount of unreacted raw materials and the reaction liquid was black and red.

Publication Number	Title	Priority Date	Grant Date
WO-2019228171-A1	Salt of fused ring pyrimidine compound, crystal form thereof and preparation method therefor and use thereof	2018-05-31
AU-2016295594-A1	Fused ring pyrimidine compound, intermediate, and preparation method, composition and use thereof	2015-07-21
AU-2016295594-B2	Fused ring pyrimidine compound, intermediate, and preparation method, composition and use thereof	2015-07-21	2020-04-16
EP-3354653-A1	Fused ring pyrimidine compound, intermediate, and preparation method, composition and use thereof	2015-07-21
EP-3354653-B1	Fused ring pyrimidine compound, intermediate, and preparation method, composition and use thereof	2015-07-21	2019-09-04

Publication Number	Title	Priority Date	Grant Date
JP-2018520202-A	Fused ring pyrimidine compounds, intermediates, production methods, compositions and applications thereof	2015-07-21
KR-20180028521-A	Condensed ring pyrimidine-based compounds, intermediates, methods for their preparation, compositions and applications	2015-07-21
US-10494378-B2	Fused ring pyrimidine compound, intermediate, and preparation method, composition and use thereof	2015-07-21	2019-12-03
US-2018208604-A1	Fused ring pyrimidine compound, intermediate, and preparation method, composition and use thereof	2015-07-21
WO-2017012559-A1	Fused ring pyrimidine compound, intermediate, and preparation method, composition and use thereof	2015-07-21

CTID	Title	Phase	Status	Date
NCT03412292	MAX-40279 in Subjects With Acute Myelogenous Leukemia (AML)	Phase 1	Recruiting	2021-05-21

///////////////Orphan Drug, Acute myeloid leukaemia, MAX 40279, EX-A4057, Max 4, MAX-40279, MAX-40279-001, MAX-40279-01, PHASE 1, Maxinovel Pharmaceuticals

CC1=C(C2=NC(=NC=C2S1)NC3=CN(N=C3)C4CCNCC4)C5=C(C=C(C=C5)F)OC

TRK 700

August 10, 2021 6:08 am / Leave a comment

1-[4-(Dimethylamino)piperidin-1-yl]-3-(1-methylimidazol-2-yl)propan-1-one.png

TRK-700

CAS 1463432-16-7C₁₄ H₂₄ N₄ O264.371-Propanone, 1-[4-(dimethylamino)-1-piperidinyl]-3-(1-methyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-

1-[4-(dimethylamino)piperidin-1-yl]-3-(1-methylimidazol-2-yl)propan-1-one

1-[4-(Dimethylamino)-1-piperidinyl]-3-(1-methyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-1-propanone

OriginatorToray Industries
ClassAnalgesics
Mechanism of ActionUndefined mechanism

Phase IIPostherpetic neuralgia
PreclinicalPeripheral nervous system diseases

12 Sep 2018Pharmacodynamics data from a preclinical trial in Peripheral neuropathy presented at the 17^th World Congress on Pain (WCP-2018)
01 Jul 2017Toray Industries completes a phase II trial for Postherpetic neuralgia (In adults, In the elderly) in Japan (PO) (NCT02701374)
21 May 2017Toray Industries completes a phase I drug-drug interaction trial in Healthy volunteers in Japan (PO) (NCT03043248)

developed by Toray for treating neuropathic pain and investigating for fibromyalgia. In August 2021, this drug was reported to be in phase 1 clinical development.

PATENT

WO 2016136944

https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=WO2016136944

(Reference Example 22) Synthesis of (E) -methyl 3- (1-methyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl) acrylate:
[Chemical 56]

　1-methyl-1H-imidazol-2-carbaldehyde (10.0 g, Methyl (triphenylphosphoranylidene) acetate (33.4 g, 99.9 mmol) was added to a solution of 90.8 mmol) in dichloromethane (240 mL) at room temperature, and the mixture was stirred for 16 hours and then concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was washed with a mixed solvent of hexane / dichloromethane = 19/1, and the washing liquid was concentrated. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (hexane / ethyl acetate) to give (E) -methyl 3- (1-methyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl) acrylate as a white solid (11.9 g, 71. 6 mmol, 79%).
¹ H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl ₃ ) δ: 3.76 (3H, s), 3.81 (3H, s), 6.82 (1H, d, J = 15.6 Hz), 6.98 (1H, brs), 7.16 (1H, brs), 7.53 (1H, d, J = 15.6Hz).
ESI-MS: m / z = 167 (M + H) ⁺ .

(Reference Example 27) Synthesis of 1- (4- (dimethylamino) piperidine-1-yl) -3- (1-methyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl) propan-1-one:
[Chemical 61]

　(E) )-Methyl 3- (1-methyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl) acrylate (0.180 g, 1.08 mmol) in ethanol (4.0 mL) solution of palladium-carbon (10% wet, 15 mg) at room temperature In a hydrogen atmosphere, the mixture was stirred for 4 hours. The reaction mixture was filtered through Celite, and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure. Methanol (1.0 mL) was added to the obtained residue at room temperature to dissolve it, and the mixture was cooled to 0 ° C. An aqueous sodium hydroxide solution (1.0 N, 1.19 mL, 1.19 mmol) was added to the reaction solution at 0 ° C., the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 hours, and then concentrated under reduced pressure. Chloroform (10.0 mL) was added to the obtained residue at room temperature to dissolve it. Add diisopropylethylamine (0.568 mL, 3.25 mmol), HBTU (0.616 g, 1.63 mmol) and 4- (dimethylamino) piperidine (0.125 g, 0.975 mmol) to the reaction solution at room temperature, and add the reaction solution. The mixture was stirred at the same temperature for 16 hours. A saturated aqueous sodium hydrogen carbonate solution was added to the reaction mixture, and the mixture was extracted with chloroform. The organic layer was washed with a 10% aqueous sodium chloride solution, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered, and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by flash column chromatography (NH silica gel, chloroform / methanol) and 1- (4- (dimethylamino) piperidine-1-yl) -3- (1-methyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl) propane. -1-one (0.179 g, 0.68 mmol, 63%) was obtained as a colorless oil.
^{1 1} H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl ₃) δ: 1.29-1.43 (2H, m), 1.80-1.88 (2H, m), 2.27 (6H, s), 2.29-2.38 (1H, m), 2.54-2.63 (1H, m), 2.88-3.04 ( 5H, m), 3.62 (3H, s), 3.98-4.05 (1H, m), 4.57-4.65 (1H, m), 6.79 (1H, d, J = 1.2 Hz), 6.91 (1H, d, J = 1.2 Hz).
ESI-MS: m / z = 265 (M + H) ⁺ .

(Comparative Example 1) Synthesis of 1- (4- (dimethylamino) piperidine-1-yl) -3- (1-methyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl) propan-1-one hydrochloride:
[Chemical 66]

　1- (4- (Dimethylamino) piperidine-1-yl) -3- (1-methyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl) propan-1-one (1.50 g, 5.67 mmol) diethyl ether (60) A dioxane solution of hydrogen chloride (4.0 M, 3.69 mL, 14.8 mmol) was added to the (0.0 mL) solution at 0 ° C. The reaction mixture was stirred at the same temperature for 1 hour and then at room temperature for 30 minutes. The precipitated white solid was collected by filtration, washed with diethyl ether (100 mL), dried at room temperature for 36 hours, and then 1- (4- (dimethylamino) piperidine-1-yl) -3- (1-methyl-1H-). Imidazole-2-yl) propan-1-one hydrochloride (1.41 g, 4.18 mmol, 74%) (hereinafter, the compound of Comparative Example 1) was obtained as a white solid.
^{1 1} H-NMR (400 MHz, D ₂ O) δ: 1.53-1.80 (2H, m), 2.12-2.23 (2H, m), 2.68-2.80 (1H, m), 2.88 (6H, s), 3.01- 3.08 (2H, m), 3.15-3.26 (3H, m), 3.47-3.58 (1H, m), 3.84 (3H, s), 4.08-4.16 (1H, m), 4.50-4.59 (1H, m), 7.29-7.33 (2H, m).
ESI-MS; 1- (4- (dimethylamino) piperidine-1-yl) -3- (1-methyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl) as propan-1-one : m / z = 265 (M + H) ⁺ .

(Comparative Example 2) Synthesis of 1- (4- (dimethylamino) piperidine-1-yl) -3- (1-methyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl) propan-1-one sulfate monohydrate:
[Chemical 67]

　1- (4- (dimethylamino) piperidine-1-yl) -3- (1-methyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl) propan-1-one (6.72 g, 25.4 mmol) Concentrated sulfuric acid (2.49 g, 25.4 mmol), water (1.83 g, 102 mmol) and 1- (4- (dimethylamino) piperidine-1-yl) -3- (1-methyl) in a DMSO (100 mL) solution. Seed crystals (50 mg, 0.13 mmol) of -1H-imidazol-2-yl) propan-1-one sulfate monohydrate were added at 80 ° C. The reaction was stirred at the same temperature for 2.5 hours, at 50 ° C. for 2.5 hours and at room temperature for 15 hours. The precipitated white solid was collected by filtration, washed successively with DMSO (20 mL) and methyl ethyl ketone (40 mL), dried at room temperature, and then 1- (4- (dimethylamino) piperidine-1-yl) -3- (1-methyl). -1H-imidazol-2-yl) propan-1-one sulfate monohydrate (8.42 g, 22.1 mmol, 87%) (hereinafter, the compound of Comparative Example 2) was obtained as white crystals.
^{1 1} H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d ₆₎) δ: 1.36 (1H, m), 1.58 (1H, m), 1.95 (2H, br), 2.44-2.57 (1H, m), 2.65 (6H, s), 2.74-2.88 (4H, m), 3.00 (1H, t, J = 12.0 Hz), 3.22 (1H, m), 3.61 (3H, s), 4.02 (1H, d, J = 14.0 Hz), 4.47 (1H, d, J = 12.8 Hz), 6.87 (1H, d, J = 1.2 Hz), 7.11 (1H, d, J = 1.2 Hz).
ESI-MS; 1- (4- (dimethylamino) piperidine-1-yl) -3- (1-methyl-) As 1H-imidazol-2-yl) propan-1-one: m / z = 265 (M + H) ⁺ .

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PATENT

WO-2021153744

https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=WO2021153744&_cid=P10-KS5N4C-23080-1

PATENT

WO-2021153743

https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=WO2021153743&tab=FULLTEXT&_cid=P10-KS5MS1-18911-1

Novel crystalline polymorphic form of 1-(4-(dimethylamino) piperidin-1-yl)-3-(1-methyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)propan-1-one, useful as an analgesic in treating neuropathic pain and/or fibromyalgia.Pain is an experience with unpleasant sensations and emotions that occurs when or may cause tissue damage. Pain is mainly classified into nociceptive pain, neuropathic pain or psychogenic pain according to its cause. In addition, fibromyalgia is known as pain of unknown cause.
　Neuropathic pain is pathological pain caused by dysfunction of the peripheral or central nervous system itself, and is caused by direct damage or compression of nervous tissue even though nociceptors are not stimulated. It refers to the pain that occurs. As a therapeutic agent for neuropathic pain, an anticonvulsant, an antidepressant, anxiolytic, or an antiepileptic drug such as gabapentin or pregabalin is used.
　Fibromyalgia is a disease in which systemic pain is the main symptom and neuropsychiatric symptoms and autonomic nervous system symptoms are secondary symptoms. Pregabalin approved in the United States and Japan, duloxetine and milnacipran approved in the United States are mainly used as therapeutic agents for fibromyalgia, and non-approved agents for fibromyalgia are not approved. It has also been used for steroidal anti-inflammatory agents, opioid compounds, antidepressants, anticonvulsants and antiepileptic drugs. However, the therapeutic effects of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and opioid compounds are generally considered to be low (Non-Patent Document 1).
　On the other hand, Patent Document 1 discloses that certain substituted piperidins have cardiotonic activity, and Patent Document 2 discloses that an imidazole derivative exhibits an FXa inhibitory effect. Patent Document 3 suggests that the substituted piperidins may have a medicinal effect on overweight or obesity, and Patent Documents 4 to 6 and Non-Patent Document 2 indicate that the imidazole derivative has an analgesic effect. It is disclosed.
　In addition, the quality of pharmaceutical products needs to be maintained over a long period of time such as distribution and storage, and the compound as an active ingredient is required to have high chemical and physical stability. Therefore, as the active ingredient of a pharmaceutical product, a crystal that can be expected to have higher stability than an amorphous substance is generally adopted. Further, if crystals are obtained, a purification effect due to recrystallization during production can be expected. Further, it is preferable to have low hygroscopicity from the viewpoint of maintaining stability and handling during manufacturing, storage, formulation and analysis of the drug substance. In addition, since a drug needs to be dissolved in the digestive tract in order to exhibit its medicinal effect, it is preferable that the drug has excellent solubility, which is a physical property contrary to stability.
　In order to obtain crystals of a compound that is an active ingredient of a pharmaceutical product, it is necessary to study various conditions for precipitating crystals from the solution. It is common to carry out crystallization under the condition of being dissolved in.

Patent documents

Patent Document 1: French Patent Invention No. 2567885
Patent Document 2: Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2006-0083664
Patent Document 3: International Publication No. 2003/031432
Patent Document 4: International Publication No. 2013/147160
Patent Document 5: International Publication No. 2015/046403
Patent Document 6: International Publication No. 2016/136944

Non-patent literature

Non-Patent Document 1: Okifuji et al., Pain and Therapy, 2013, Volume 2, p. 87-104
Non-Patent Document 2: Takahashi et al., Toxicological Pathology, 2019, Vol. 47. p. 494-503

Compound (I) was synthesized by the method described in the following reference example. For the compounds used in the synthesis of the reference example compounds for which the synthesis method is not described, commercially available compounds were used.
(Reference Example 4) Synthesis of amorphous compound (I):
[Chemical formula 2] 2 of

crude ethyl 3- (1-methyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl) propanol (5.00 g, 27.4 mmol) Aqueous sodium hydroxide solution (1.0N, 30.2 mL, 30.2 mmol) was added to a solution of -propanol (55 mL) at 0 ° C., and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 12 hours. 2-Propanol (220 mL) was added to the reaction solution at room temperature, and crude 4- (dimethylamino) piperidine (3.17 g, 24.7 mmol) and DMT-MM (8.35 g, 30.2 mmol) were added at room temperature to react. The liquid was stirred at the same temperature for 3 hours. A 10% aqueous sodium chloride solution and a 1.0N aqueous sodium hydroxide solution were added to the reaction mixture, and the mixture was extracted with chloroform. The organic layer was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered, and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure to give compound (I) (6.98 g) as an amorphous substance.
^{1 1} H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl ₃ ) δ: 1.29-1.43 (2H, m), 1.80-1.88 (2H, m), 2.27 (6H, s), 2.29-2.38 (1H, m), 2.54-2.63 (1H, m), 2.88-3.04 (5H, m), 3.62 (3H, s), 3.98-4.05 (1H, m), 4.57-4.65 (1H, m), 6.79 (1H, d, J = 1.2 Hz) ), 6.91 (1H, d, J = 1.2 Hz).
ESI-MS: m / z = 265 (M + H) ⁺ .
(Reference Example 5) Synthesis of crude 4- (dimethylamino) piperidine:
[Chemical

formula 3] 1-benzyloxycarbonyl-4- (dimethylamino) piperidine (20.1 g, 77.0 mmol) in methanol (154.0 mL) Palladium-carbon (10% wet, 2.01 g) was added thereto, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 19 hours under a hydrogen atmosphere. The reaction mixture was filtered through Celite, and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure to give a crude product of 4- (dimethylamino) piperidine (9.86 g).
(Reference Example 6) Synthesis of crude ethyl 3- (1-methyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl) propanoate:
[Chemical

formula 4] Sodium hydride (55%, 4.36 g, 100 mmol) aqueous solution and tetrahydrofuran (150 mL) To the mixture was added triethylphosphonoacetate (19.1 mL, 95.0 mmol) at 0 ° C. After stirring the reaction solution for 20 minutes, a solution of 1-methyl-1H-imidazol-2-carbaldehyde (10.0 g, 91.0 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (150 mL) was added at 0 ° C., and then ethanol (30 mL) was added in the same manner. The mixture was added at temperature and stirred at room temperature for 2 hours. A 10% aqueous sodium chloride solution was added to the reaction mixture, and the mixture was extracted with dichloromethane. The organic layer was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered, and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by flash chromatography (silica gel, chloroform / methanol). After adding methanol (310 mL) to the residue, palladium-carbon (10% wet, 1.40 g) was added, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 3 hours under a hydrogen atmosphere. The reaction mixture was filtered through Celite, and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain a crude product (14.2 g) of ethyl 3- (1-methyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl) propanoate.
(Reference Example 7) Synthesis of 1-benzyloxycarbonyl-4- (dimethylamino) piperidine:
[Chemical

formula 5] dichloromethane (55.7 mL) of 1-benzyloxycarbonyl-4-oxopiperidine (13.0 g, 55.7 mmol) ) Solution of dimethylamine in tetrahydrofuran (2.0 M, 34.8 mL, 69.7 mmol), acetic acid (0.32 mL, 5.6 mmol) and sodium triacetoxyborohydride (4.8 g, 22.6 mmol). Added at ° C. After stirring the reaction solution at the same temperature for 30 minutes, sodium triacetoxyborohydride (4.8 g, 22.6 mmol) was added at 0 ° C. The reaction mixture was stirred at the same temperature for 30 minutes, sodium triacetoxyborohydride (8.1 g, 38.2 mmol) was added at 0 ° C., and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 12 hours. The reaction solution was cooled to 0 ° C. A saturated aqueous sodium hydrogen carbonate solution was added to the reaction mixture, and the mixture was extracted with chloroform. The organic layer was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered, and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by flash chromatography (silica gel, n-hexane / ethyl acetate) and then again by flash chromatography (silica gel, chloroform / methanol) to obtain 1-benzyloxycarbonyl-4- (dimethylamino) piperidine (dimethylamino) piperidine. 13.6 g, 51.8 mmol, 93%) was obtained as a colorless oil.
^{1 1} H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl ₃) δ: 1.34-1.46 (2H, m), 1.78-1.86 (2H, m), 2.28 (6H, s), 2.29-2.34 (1H, m), 2.75-2.85 (2H, m), 4.14-4.28 ( 2H, m), 5.12 (2H, s), 7.29-7.36 (5H, m).
ESI-MS: m / z = 263 (M + H) ⁺ .
(Reference Example 8) Synthesis of 1-benzyloxycarbonyl-4-oxopiperidine:
[Chemical

formula 6] Hydrochloride (130 mL) and water (130 mL) of 4-piperidinone hydrochloride monohydrate (10.0 g, 65.1 mmol) Sodium carbonate (13.8 g, 130.2 mmol) and benzyl chloroformate (8.79 mL, 61.8 mmol) were added to the mixed solution with and at 0 ° C., and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 3 hours. The reaction mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic layer was washed with 10% aqueous sodium chloride solution, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered, and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by flash chromatography (silica gel, n-hexane / ethyl acetate) to give 1-benzyloxycarbonyl-4-oxopiperidine (13.1 g, 56.2 mmol, 86%) as a colorless oil.
^{1 1} H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl ₃ ) δ: 2.42-2.50 (4H, m), 3.78-3.82 (4H, m), 5.18 (2H, s), 7.32-7.38 (5H, m).
(Example 1) Production of A-type crystal of
compound (I): Amorphous compound (6.98 g) of compound (I) prepared in Reference Example 4 is purified and concentrated with chloroform / methanol by silica gel column chromatography. After that, the wall surface of the flask was rubbed with a spartel and mechanical stimulation was applied to obtain A-type crystals of compound (I) as a powder. For the obtained crystals, measurement of powder X-ray diffraction using a powder X-ray diffractometer (Rigaku Co., Ltd .; 2200 / RINT ultima + PC) and TG-DTA using a TG-DTA device (Rigaku Co., Ltd .; TG8120) Was done. The results of these measurements are shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.
Diffraction angle 2θ: 5.9, 16.5, 17.7, 20.8, 26.7 °
Endothermic peak: 55 ° C

PATENT

WO2013147160

https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=WO2013147160&_cid=P10-KS5MZ2-21335-1

Example 1 Synthesis of 1- (4- (dimethylamino) piperidine-1-yl) -3- (1-methyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl) propan-1-one:
[Chemical 27]

(E) )-Methyl 3- (1-methyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl) acrylate (0.180 g, 1.08 mmol) in ethanol (4.0 mL) solution of palladium-carbon (10% wet, 15 mg) at room temperature In a hydrogen atmosphere, the mixture was stirred for 4 hours. The reaction mixture was filtered through Celite, and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure. Methanol (1.0 mL) was added to the obtained residue at room temperature to dissolve it, and the mixture was cooled to 0 ° C. An aqueous sodium hydroxide solution (1.0 N, 1.19 mL, 1.19 mmol) was added to the reaction solution at 0 ° C., the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 hours, and then concentrated under reduced pressure. Chloroform (10.0 mL) was added to the obtained residue at room temperature to dissolve it. Add diisopropylethylamine (0.568 mL, 3.25 mmol), HBTU (0.616 g, 1.63 mmol) and 4- (dimethylamino) piperidine (0.125 g, 0.975 mmol) to the reaction solution at room temperature, and add the reaction solution. The mixture was stirred at the same temperature for 16 hours. A saturated aqueous sodium hydrogen carbonate solution was added to the reaction mixture, and the mixture was extracted with chloroform. The organic layer was washed with a 10% aqueous sodium chloride solution, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered, and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by flash chromatography (NH silica gel, chloroform / methanol) and 1- (4- (dimethylamino) piperidine-1-yl) -3- (1-methyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl) propan- 1-one (0.179 g, 0.68 mmol, 63%) (hereinafter, the compound of Example 1) was obtained as a colorless oil.
^{1 1} H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl ₃) δ: 1.29-1.43 (2H, m), 1.80-1.88 (2H, m), 2.27 (6H, s), 2.29-2.38 (1H, m), 2.54-2.63 (1H, m), 2.88-3.04 ( 5H, m), 3.62 (3H, s), 3.98-4.05 (1H, m), 4.57-4.65 (1H, m), 6.79 (1H, d, J = 1.2 Hz), 6.91 (1H, d, J = 1.2 Hz).
ESI-MS: m / z = 265 (M + H) ⁺ .

Publication Number	Title	Priority Date
WO-2016136944-A1	Cyclic amine derivative and pharmaceutical use thereof	2015-02-27
JP-WO2013147160-A1	Cyclic amine derivatives and their pharmaceutical use	2012-03-29
TW-201350119-A	Cyclic amine derivatives and their medical uses	2012-03-29
WO-2013147160-A1	Cyclic amine derivative and use thereof for medical purposes	2012-03-29

Publication Number	Title	Priority Date	Grant Date
RU-2667062-C1	Dynamic cyclic amine and pharmaceutical application thereof	2015-02-27	2018-09-14
TW-201639826-A	Cyclic amine derivatives and their medical uses	2015-02-27
TW-I682927-B	Cyclic amine derivatives and their medical uses	2015-02-27	2020-01-21
US-10173999-B2	Cyclic amine derivative and pharmaceutical use thereof	2015-02-27	2019-01-08
US-2018065950-A1	Cyclic amine derivative and pharmaceutical use thereof	2015-02-27

Publication Number	Title	Priority Date	Grant Date
EP-3263565-A1	Cyclic amine derivative and pharmaceutical use thereof	2015-02-27
EP-3263565-B1	Cyclic amine derivative and pharmaceutical use thereof	2015-02-27	2019-06-26
ES-2744785-T3	Cyclic amine derivative and pharmaceutical use thereof	2015-02-27	2020-02-26
JP-6569671-B2	Cyclic amine derivatives and their pharmaceutical use	2015-02-27	2019-09-04
JP-WO2016136944-A1	Cyclic amine derivatives and their pharmaceutical use	2015-02-27

Publication Number	Title	Priority Date	Grant Date
WO-2019189781-A1	Agent for inhibiting rise in intraneuronal calcium concentration	2018-03-30
AU-2016224420-A1	Cyclic amine derivative and pharmaceutical use thereof	2015-02-27
AU-2016224420-B2	Cyclic amine derivative and pharmaceutical use thereof	2015-02-27	2019-08-22
CA-2977614-A1	Cyclic amine derivative and pharmaceutical use thereof	2015-02-27
CN-107250128-B	Cyclic amine derivatives and its medical usage	2015-02-27	2019-07-26

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XL 114, AUR 104

XL 102, AUR 102

NO CONCLUSIONS, ONLY PREDICTIONS

XL102, AUR 102

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Example 1

(((S)-4-amino-1-(3-((S)-1,5-diaminopentyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl)-4-oxobutyl)carbamoyl)-L-proline (Compound 1)

Synthesis of Compound 1 b

Synthesis of Compound 1C

Synthesis of Compound 1d

Synthesis of Compound 1f

Synthesis of Compound 1g

Synthesis of Compound 1h

Synthesis of Compound 1i

Synthesis of compound 1j

Synthesis of Compound 1

Example 2

(S)-4-(3-((S)-1-amino-4-guanidinobutyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl)-4-(3-((S)-1-carboxy-2-phenylethyl) ureido)butanoic acid (Compound 7)

Synthesis of Compound 2b

Synthesis of Compound 2c

Synthesis of Compound 2d

Synthesis of Compound 2f

Synthesis of Compound 2g

Synthesis of Compound 2h

Synthesis of Compound 2i

Synthesis of Compound 2j

Synthesis of Compound 7

XL 102

EXELIXIS AND AURIGENE ANNOUNCE THAT PROMISING PRECLINICAL DATA TO BE PRESENTED AT THE ENA SYMPOSIUM SUPPORT THE CLINICAL DEVELOPMENT OF A NOVEL CDK7 INHIBITOR

EXELIXIS AND AURIGENE ANNOUNCE THAT PROMISING PRECLINICAL DATA TO BE PRESENTED AT THE ENA SYMPOSIUM SUPPORT THE CLINICAL DEVELOPMENT OF A NOVEL CDK7 INHIBITOR

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A Promising Approach for Difficult-to-Treat Cancers

3-chloro-4-[[4-(dimethylamino)-3-hydroxy-butanoyl]amino]-N-[(1S,3R)-3-[[4-(1H-indazol-3-yl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl]amino]-1-methyl-cyclohexyl]benzamide (Compound 129)

4-amino-N-((1S,3R)-3-((5-chloro-4-(1H-indol-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)-1-methylcyclohexyl)benzamide (Compound 128)

4-amino-3-fluoro-N-[(1S,3R)-3-[[4-(1H-indazol-3-yl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl]amino]-1-methyl-cyclohexyl]benzamide (Compound 127)

4-amino-N-((1S,3R)-3-((5-chloro-4-(2-methyl-1H-indol-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)cyclohexyl)benzamide (Compound 126)

4-amino-N-(3-(5-chloro-4-(1H-indol-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-ylamino)tricyclo[3.3.1.1^3,7]decanyl)benzamide (Compound 100).