Aleniglipron

CAS 2685823-26-9

MF C49H55FN9O6P MW916.0 g/mol

3-[(1S,2S)-1-[2-[(4S)-3-[3-[4-diethylphosphoryl-3-(methylamino)phenyl]-2-oxoimidazol-1-yl]-2-(4-fluoro-3,5-dimethylphenyl)-4-methyl-6,7-dihydro-4H-pyrazolo[4,3-c]pyridine-5-carbonyl]-5-(oxan-4-yl)indol-1-yl]-2-methylcyclopropyl]-4H-1,2,4-oxadiazol-5-one

glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist, GSBR-1290, GSBR 1290, Z6XCL6R9SX

Aleniglipron (development code GSBR-1290) is a small-molecule GLP-1 agonist developed by Structure Therapeutics.^[1] It is delivered orally and is in a Phase II trial as of 2023.^[2][3][4] In June 2024, Structure Therapeutics reported positive topline data from a Phase 2a obesity study in which GSBR-1290 demonstrated clinically meaningful and statistically significant placebo-adjusted mean weight loss and generally favorable safety and tolerability results.^[5]

• Aleniglipron Phase 2 Body Composition StudyCTID: NCT07169942Phase: Phase 2Status: Active, not recruitingDate: 2025-10-31
• A Dose-Range Study of Aleniglipron (GSBR-1290) in Participants Living With Obesity or Overweight With at Least One Weight-related ComorbidityCTID: NCT06703021Phase: Phase 2Status: Active, not recruitingDate: 2025-09-15
• A Phase 2b, Dose-range Finding Study of the Efficacy and Safety of Multiple Doses of Aleniglipron (GSBR-1290) in Participants Living With Obesity or Overweight With at Least One Weight-related ComorbidityCTID: NCT06693843Phase: Phase 2Status: Active, not recruitingDate: 2025-08-26

SYN

https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=US367934715&_cid=P10-MJRZ0C-74156-1

Example 2: Synthesis of

3-((1S,2S)-1-(2-((S)-3-(3-(4-(diethylphosphoryl)-3-(methylamino)phenyl)-2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-imidazol-1-yl)-2-(4-fluoro-3,5-dimethylphenyl)-4-methyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-2H-pyrazolo[4,3-c]pyridine-5-carbonyl)-5-(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)-1H-indol-1-yl)-2-methylcyclopropyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-5(4H)-one (Compound 121a)

Step A: (4-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)diethylphosphine oxide

The mixture of 4-bromo-2-fluoro-1-iodobenzene (2.00 g, 6.60 mmol), diethylphosphine oxide (775 mg, 7.30 mmol), Pd 2(dba) 3 (302 mg, 0.330 mmol) and XantPhos (382 mg, 0.660 mmol) in 40 mL of 1,4-dioxane was sparged with argon. Then triethylamine (1.30 g, 13.2 mmol) was added. The mixture was heated at 60° C. for 12 h under an atmosphere of argon. LCMS showed the reaction was completed. The mixture was concentrated, and the residue was diluted with ethyl acetate (100 mL) and washed with water (50 mL). The organic layer was dried and concentrated. The residue was purified with silica gel column chromatography (PE/EA/methanol=1:2:0.1) to provide (4-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)diethylphosphine oxide (1.50 g, 5.37 mmol, 80.6% yield) as a pale white solid.

LCMS: m/z=279.0, 281.0 (M+H) +.

1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6) δ 7.63-7.73 (m, 3H), 1.95-2.08 (m, 2H), 1.80-1.92 (m, 2H), 0.80-1.10 (m, 6H).

Step B: (4-bromo-2-(methylamino)phenyl)diethylphosphine oxide

To a mixture of (4-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)diethylphosphine oxide (360 mg, 1.29 mmol) in 2 mL of methanol was added methylamine (9.8 M in methanol, 4 mL, 39.2 mmol). The mixture was heated at 80° C. for 3 h in a microwave reactor. LCMS showed most of the starting material was consumed. The mixture was concentrated, diluted with ethyl acetate (50 mL), and washed with water (30 mL). The organic layer was dried and concentrated. The resulting residue was purified with silica gel column chromatography (PE/EA/methanol=1:2:0.1) to provide (4-bromo-2-(methylamino)phenyl)diethylphosphine oxide (179 mg, 0.617 mmol, 47.9% yield) as a white solid.

LCMS: m/z=290.0, 292.0 (M+H) +.

1H NMR (600 MHz, DMSO-d 6) δ 7.75-7.76 (m, 1H), 7.11 (dd, J=13.2, 8.4 Hz, 1H), 6.63-6.80 (m, 2H), 2.71 (d, J=5.4 Hz, 3H), 1.88-1.94 (m, 4H), 0.90-1.05 (m, 6H).

Step C: tert-butyl (S)-3-(3-(4-(diethylphosphoryl)-3-(methylamino)phenyl)-2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-imidazol-1-yl)-2-(4-fluoro-3,5-dimethylphenyl)-4-methyl-2,4,6,7-tetrahydro-5H-pyrazolo[4,3-c]pyridine-5-carboxylate

The mixture of (4-bromo-2-(methylamino)phenyl)diethylphosphine oxide (310 mg, 1.07 mmol), tert-butyl (S)-2-(4-fluoro-3,5-dimethylphenyl)-4-methyl-3-(2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-imidazol-1-yl)-2,4,6,7-tetrahydro-5H-pyrazolo[4,3-c]pyridine-5-carboxylate (428 mg, 0.970 mmol), CuI (278 mg, 1.46 mmol), potassium carbonate (268 mg, 1.94 mmol), and (1S,2S)—N 1,N 2-dimethylcyclohexane-1,2-diamine (208 mg, 1.46 mmol) in NMP (25 mL) was heated at 130° C. for 3 h under an atmosphere of argon. LCMS showed the reaction was completed. The mixture was added ethyl acetate (100 mL) and washed with water (50 mL*3). The organic layer was dried and concentrated. The residue was purified with silica gel column chromatography (PE/EA/methanol=1:4:0.3) to provide tert-butyl (5)-3-(3-(4-(diethylphosphoryl)-3-(methylamino)phenyl)-2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-imidazol-1-yl)-2-(4-fluoro-3,5-dimethylphenyl)-4-methyl-2,4,6,7-tetrahydro-5H-pyrazolo[4,3-c]pyridine-5-carboxylate (530 mg, 0.810 mmol, 84.0% yield) as a pale yellow solid. LCMS: m/z=651.3 (M+H) +.

1H NMR (600 MHz, DMSO-d 6) δ 7.73 (q, J=4.8 Hz, 1H), 7.35 (d, J=3.0 Hz, 1H), 7.26 (dd, J=13.2, 8.4 Hz, 1H), 7.11 (d, J=6.6 Hz, 2H), 6.98 (s, 1H), 6.89 (d, J=7.8 Hz, 1H), 6.86 (s, 1H), 5.12 (br. s, 1H), 4.13-4.34 (m, 1H), 3.02-3.19 (m, 1H), 2.69-2.74 (m, 4H), 2.61-2.69 (m, 1H), 2.19 (s, 6H), 1.89-1.95 (m, 4H), 1.43 (s, 9H), 1.17-1.18 (m, 3H), 0.95-1.05 (m, 6H).

Step D: (5)-1-(4-(diethylphosphoryl)-3-(methylamino)phenyl)-3-(2-(4-fluoro-3,5-dimethylphenyl)-4-methyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-2H-pyrazolo[4,3-c]pyridin-3-yl)-1,3-dihydro-2H-imidazol-2-one hydrochloride

To a mixture of tert-butyl (S)-3-(3-(4-(diethylphosphoryl)-3-(methylamino)phenyl)-2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-imidazol-1-yl)-2-(4-fluoro-3,5-dimethylphenyl)-4-methyl-2,4,6,7-tetrahydro-5H-pyrazolo[4,3-c]pyridine-5-carboxylate (520 mg, 0.800 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (6 mL) was added hydrogen chloride (4 M in 1,4-dioxane, 12 mL, 48.0 mmol).

The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 3 h. LCMS showed the reaction was completed. The mixture was concentrated, and the residue was dispersed in 40 mL of ethyl ether. The resulting solid was collected and dried in vacuo to provide (S)-1-(4-(diethylphosphoryl)-3-(methylamino)phenyl)-3-(2-(4-fluoro-3,5-dimethylphenyl)-4-methyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-2H-pyrazolo[4,3-c]pyridin-3-yl)-1,3-dihydro-2H-imidazol-2-one hydrochloride (430 mg, 0.730 mmol, 91.7% yield) as a pale yellow solid.

LCMS: m/z=551.2 (M+H) +.

1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6) δ 10.14 (s, 1H), 9.46-9.53 (m, 1H), 7.39 (d, J=3.2 Hz, 1H), 7.27 (dd, J=12.8, 8.4 Hz, 1H), 7.13 (d, J=6.4 Hz, 2H), 6.93 (d, J=3.2 Hz, 1H), 6.90 (dt, J=8.4, 2.0 Hz, 1H), 6.86-6.87 (m, 1H), 4.55-4.59 (m, 2H), 3.58-3.62 (m, 1H), 3.28-3.33 (m, 1H), 3.03-3.10 (m, 1H), 2.90-3.05 (m, 1H), 2.73 (s, 3H), 2.20 (d, J=2.0 Hz, 6H), 1.88-1.97 (m, 4H), 1.36 (d, J=6.8 Hz, 3H), 0.90-1.05 (m, 6H).

Step E: 3-((1S,2S)-1-(2-((S)-3-(3-(4-(diethylphosphoryl)-3-(methylamino) phenyl)-2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-imidazol-1-yl)-2-(4-fluoro-3,5-dimethylphenyl)-4-methyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-2H-pyrazolo[4,3-c]pyridine-5-carbonyl)-5-(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)-1H-indol-1-yl)-2-methylcyclopropyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-5(4H)-one

To a mixture of 1-((1S,2S)-2-methyl-1-(5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl)cyclopropyl)-5-(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)-1H-indole-2-carboxylic acid (272 mg, 0.710 mmol) and DMF (7 mL) in a 50 mL flask (flask A) were added HATU (810 mg, 2.13 mmol) and triethylamine (1.45 g, 14.3 mmol). The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 10 mins. In another 50 mL flask (flask B), (5)-1-(4-(diethylphosphoryl)-3-(methylamino)phenyl)-3-(2-(4-fluoro-3,5-dimethylphenyl)-4-methyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-2H-pyrazolo[4,3-c]pyridin-3-yl)-1,3-dihydro-2H-imidazol-2-one hydrochloride (420 mg, 0.710 mmol) and triethylamine (2.90 g, 28.7 mmol) in 7 mL of DMF was stirred at room temperature for 10 mins. Then the mixture in flask B was added into flask A dropwise. The resulting mixture was stirred at room temperature for 12 h. LCMS showed most of the starting material was consumed. The mixture was diluted with DCM (100 mL) and washed with water (50 mL*3). The organic layer was dried and concentrated. The residue was purified with Prep-HPLC (0.01% hydrochloric acid in water and acetonitrile) to provide 3-((1S,2S)-1-(2-((S)-3-(3-(4-(diethylphosphoryl)-3-(methylamino)phenyl)-2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-imidazol-1-yl)-2-(4-fluoro-3,5-dimethylphenyl)-4-methyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-2H-pyrazolo[4,3-c]pyridine-5-carbonyl)-5-(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)-1H-indol-1-yl)-2-methylcyclopropyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-5 (4H)-one (290 mg) as a white solid.

LCMS: m/z=916.4 (M+H) +.

1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6, 80° C.) δ 11.58 (br. s, 1H), 7.66 (br. s, 1H), 7.52 (s, 1H), 7.42 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 7.05-7.30 (m, 5H), 6.70-6.95 (m, 4H), 5.56 (br. s, 1H), 4.45 (br. s, 1H), 3.95-3.99 (m, 2H), 3.40-3.70 (m, 3H), 2.83-2.90 (m, 3H), 2.60-2.80 (m, 3H), 2.22 (d, J=1.6 Hz, 6H), 1.88-1.96 (m, 4H), 1.58-1.80 (m, 7H), 1.43 (br. s, 3H), 1.17 (br. s, 3H), 0.95-1.10 (m, 6H).

PAT

• Heterocyclic glp-1 agonistsPublication Number: EP-4097099-A1Priority Date: 2020-02-07
• Heterocyclic GLP-1 agonistsPublication Number: CN-115698003-APriority Date: 2020-02-07
• Heterocyclic glp-1 agonistsPublication Number: EP-4097099-B9Priority Date: 2020-02-07Grant Date: 2025-04-30
• Heterocyclic glp-1 agonistsPublication Number: EP-4458834-A2Priority Date: 2020-02-07
• Heterocyclic GLP-1 agonistsPublication Number: US-11926643-B2Priority Date: 2020-02-07Grant Date: 2024-03-12
• Heterocyclic GLP-1 agonistsPublication Number: CN-119823184-APriority Date: 2020-02-07
• Heterocyclic GLP-1 agonistsPublication Number: CN-119841865-APriority Date: 2020-02-07
• Heterocyclic GLP-1 agonistsPublication Number: CN-119874775-APriority Date: 2020-02-07
• Heterocyclic GLP-1 agonistsPublication Number: US-11492365-B2Priority Date: 2020-02-07Grant Date: 2022-11-08
• Heterocyclic GLP-1 agonistsPublication Number: CN-115698003-BPriority Date: 2020-02-07Grant Date: 2024-10-11
• Heterocyclic glp-1 agonistsPublication Number: US-2022213130-A1Priority Date: 2020-02-07
• Heterocyclic glp-1 agonistsPublication Number: EP-4097099-B1Priority Date: 2020-02-07Grant Date: 2024-06-26
• Heterocyclic glp-1 agonistsPublication Number: US-2023174565-A1Priority Date: 2020-02-07
• Salts and solid forms of a compound having glp-1 agonist activityPublication Number: WO-2024125602-A1Priority Date: 2022-12-15
• Salts and solid forms of a compound having glp-1 agonist activityPublication Number: EP-4634180-A1Priority Date: 2022-12-15
• Heterocyclic glp-1 agonistsPublication Number: US-2024366639-A1Priority Date: 2021-08-12
• Heterocyclic glp-1 agonistsPublication Number: WO-2023016546-A1Priority Date: 2021-08-12
• Heterocyclic glp-1 agonistsPublication Number: WO-2021155841-A1Priority Date: 2020-02-07

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References

1.  Mao, Ting; Meng, Qinghua; Zhang, Haizhen; Zhang, Jinqiang J.; Shi, Songting; Guan, Zhibo; Jiang, Xinglong; Zhang, Fang; Lei, Hui; Lin, Xichen (20 June 2023). “760-P: Discovery of GSBR-1290, a Highly Potent, Orally Available, Novel Small Molecule GLP-1 Receptor Agonist”. Diabetes. 72 (Supplement_1) 760-P. doi:10.2337/db23-760-P. S2CID 259430363.
2.  “Structure Therapeutics Initiates Phase 2a Study of Oral GLP-1 agonist GSBR-1290 for the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes and Obesity”. BioSpace. 25 May 2023. Retrieved 4 November 2023.
3.  “Structure announces positive results from oral GLP-1 receptor agonist gsbr-1290”. Bariatric News. 2 October 2023. Retrieved 4 November 2023.
4.  Satija, Bhanvi (29 September 2023). “Structure Therapeutics surges as early data from obesity pill tops expectations”. Reuters. Retrieved 4 November 2023.
5.  “Structure Therapeutics Reports Positive Topline Data from its Phase 2a Obesity Study and Capsule to Tablet PK Study for its Oral Non-Peptide Small Molecule GLP-1 Receptor Agonist GSBR-1290”. BioSpace. 2024-06-03. Retrieved 2024-10-24.

Legal status
Legal status	Investigational
Identifiers
IUPAC name
CAS Number	2685823-26-9
PubChem CID	164809721
DrugBank	DB18551
UNII	Z6XCL6R9SX
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C49H55FN9O6P
Molar mass	916.008 g·mol−1
InChI

//////////Aleniglipron, glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist, GSBR-1290, GSBR 1290, Z6XCL6R9SX