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DRUG APPROVALS BY DR ANTHONY MELVIN CRASTO
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OXYTOCIN , THE LOVE MOLECULE
OXYTOCIN
1-({(4R,7S,10S,13S,16S,19R)-19-amino-7-(2-amino-2-oxoethyl)-10-(3-amino-3-oxopropyl)-16-(4-hydroxybenzoyl)-13-[(1S)-1-methylpropyl]-6,9,12,15,18-pentaoxo-1,2-dithia-5,8,11,14,17-pentaazacycloicosan-4-yl}carbonyl)-L-prolyl-L-leucylglycinamide
Oxytocin is a mammalian neurohypophysial hormone that acts primarily as a neuromodulator in the brain.
Oxytocin plays roles in sexual reproduction, in particular during and after childbirth. It is released in large amounts after distension of the cervix and uterus during labor, facilitating birth, maternal bonding, and, after stimulation of the nipples, breastfeeding. Both childbirth and milk ejection result from positive feedback mechanisms.
Recent studies have begun to investigate oxytocin’s role in various behaviors, including orgasm, social recognition, pair bonding, anxiety, and maternal behaviors. For this reason, it is sometimes referred to as the “love hormone”. There is some evidence that oxytocin promotes ethnocentric behavior, incorporating the trust and empathy of in-groups with their suspicion and rejection of outsiders. Furthermore, genetic differences in the oxytocin receptor gene (OXTR) have been associated with maladaptive social traits such as aggressive behaviour.
Oxytocin , sometimes known as the “love molecule” or the “trust molecule” plays an important role in many processes. These include uterine contractions during childbirth, sexual arousal, lactation, puberty, orgasm, facial recognition, trust, memory formation and pair bonding.
Oxytocin is a cyclic peptide hormone with just nine amino acids in sequence (CYIQNCPLG) that also acts as a neurotransmitter in the brain where it is produced in the hypothalamus. It was the first ever polypeptide hormone to be sequenced and synthesized biochemically, work for which the American biochemist Vincent du Vigneaud was awarded the 1955 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.
Together with the neuropeptide argipressin (arginine vasopressin), it is believed to influence social cognition and behaviour. First shown in mice, recent studies have shown that also in humans simply sniffing a spray containing oxytocin increases a person’s level of trust in others.
References
- Lee, H.J., Macbeth, A.H., Pagani, J.H. and Young, W.S. (2009) Oxytocin: the great facilitator of life. Prog. Neurobiol. (Amsterdam, Neth.) 88, 127–151.
- du Vigneaud, V., Ressler, C., Swan, J.M., Roberts, C.W., Katsoyannis, P.G. and Gordon, S. (1953) The synthesis of an octapeptide amide with the hormonal activity of oxytocin. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 75, 4879–4880..
- Kosfeld, M., Heinrichs, M., Zak, P.J., Fischbacher, U. and Fehr, E. (2005) Oxytocin increases trust in humans. Nature 435, 673–676.
Oxytocin (ball-and-stick) bound to its carrier protein neurophysin (ribbons) based on: “Crystal structure of the neurophysin-oxytocin complex” Rose, J.P., Wu, C.K., Hsiao, C.D., Breslow, E., Wang, B.C. (1996) Nat.Struct.Biol. 3: 163-169
Avanir said the FDA agreed to a faster development process for its experimental drug AVP-786 and will allow the company to use some data from studies of Nuedexta in its applications for AVP-786
6/may/2013
Avanir Pharmaceuticals Inc. announced that the Food and Drug Administration will allow it to speed research on a newer version of its drug Nuedexta.
Avanir said the FDA agreed to a faster development process for its experimental drug AVP-786 and will allow the company to use some data from studies of Nuedexta in its applications for AVP-786.
Avanir plans to start human clinical trials of the drug after it completes some limited preclinical testing. The company said the FDA’s decision could reduce the cost of developing the drug and allow it to win marketing approval sooner.
Nuedexta is a treatment for pseudobulbar affect, a condition that involves involuntary emotional outbursts like laughing or crying. It is associated with brain disease or injury. Net revenue from the drug more than doubled to $31.4 million over the first six months of the company’s current fiscal year. That was almost all of the Aliso Viejo, Calif., company’s revenue.
Nuedexta was approved in February 2011. The drug combines two ingredients: dextromethorphan, a common ingredient in cough and cold medicines that can suppress coughing, and quinidine, which is used to treat abnormal heart rhythms.
Avanir is also studying Nuedexta as a treatment for diabetic nerve pain, agitation in patients with Alzheimer’s disease, central nerve pain in multiple sclerosis, and levodopa-induced dyskinesia in Parkinson’s disease. Dyskinesias are involuntary movements tied to most treatments used to manage Parkinson’s.
Canaccord Genuity analyst Ritu Baral said Avanir considers AVP-786 to be a safer version of Nuedexta because it contains less quinidine. The drug also has stronger patent protection and is patent protected until 2030, a few years longer than Nuedexta.
In a telephone interview, Baral said the FDA’s decision could speed approval of AVP-786 by two to four years. She said Avanir may start late-stage testing of the drug in the second half of 2014 depending on the results of current studies of Nuedexta.
OPRD PAPER-An Improved Manufacturing Process for the Antimalaria Drug artemether
Management of Hepatitis C with Natural and Synthetic Medicine
Management of Hepatitis C with Natural and Synthetic Medicine by Khan Usmanghani, Asif Iqbal , Department of Basic Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Eastern Medicine , HAMDARD UNIVERSITY, Karachi, Pakistan
during the 6 th International Conference of Infection Control December 19, 2006 Liaquat National Hospital, Karachi
http://www.slideshare.net/icsp/management-of-hepatitis-c-with-natural-and-synthetic-medicine
Viral hepatitis is defined as viral infection of hepatocytes that produces necrosis and inflammation of the liver. Viral Hepatitis is a parenchymal disease of liver. This disease is caused by (a) Hepatotropic viruses A, B, C (Non-A-Non B), D,E,F,G,H (b) Other viruses like Epstein-Barr, Cytomegalovirus, and Coxsackie virus etc. Hepatitis C virus (HCV), the major causative agent of non-A and non-B hepatitis, poses a serious worldwide health problem. about 170 million people, 3% of the world’s population, are infected with HCV High prevalence rates Southeast Asian countries WHO
DENGUE FEVER by Prof. D. S. Akram, Dr. Saba Ahmed
Dengue fever (DF) and Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) rank high among infectious diseases and are considered to be most important of arthropod born viral diseases
MOSQUITO VECTOR DF is caused by mosquito of genus Aedes ,most important is A.aegypti which is a day biting mosquito, rests indoors and can breed in small collection of water. Rainy season increase risk of DF as it increases larval population ,also ambient temperature and humidity favor viral propagation
Chikungunya an update by Dr.T.V.Rao MD
The Aedes aegypti mosquito biting a person.
WHAT IS CHIKUNGUNYA• Manifest with Crippling Arthritic disease of sudden onset.• Name is derived from Swahili – Chikungunya meaning that which bends up• Virus isolated in 1953 from serum and Aedes mosquitoes and Culex spp
Chikungunya is a virus that is transmitted from human to human mainly by infected Aedes albopictus and Aedes aegypti mosquitoes (later referred to as Aedes mosquitoes) acting as the disease-carrying vector• Chikungunya causes sudden onset of high fever, severe joint pain, muscle pain and headache• As no vaccine or medication is currently available to prevent or cure the infection, control of Chikungunya involves vector control measures and encouraging people to avoid mosquito bites
http://www.slideshare.net/doctorrao/chikungunya-an-update
SEXUAL POWER ; Confirmation of Sexual Power intensity of a Human being by Electro Tridosha Graphy ; ETG AyurvedaScan system
Many persons are willing to know the intensity of their SEXUAL POWER by any source. Till today no machine and mechanical parameters are available to establish sexual power by any technology.
But it is possible today and sexual power can be measured by mechanical means. By virtue of Electro Tridosha Graphy ; ETG AyurvedaScan system, now it is possible to establish the SEXUAL POWER of any human being in measured intensity.
The ETG system measures many parameters systemwise, sectorwise, traces wise, ayurvedic fundamental-wise and so on . PROSTATE health condition is scanned by ETG system. So is of the SAPTA dhatu. The SAPTA DHATU of Ayurveda is considered , similar to PATHOLOGY of Modern western medicine. Intensity of Prostate value shows the Sexual Power intensity of a human being, how is the person’s sexual drive. One of the Sapta Dhatu SHUKRA is evaluated and this shows the Quality and quantity…
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New late-stage data on Boehringer Ingelheim’s lung cancer drug nintedanib and its benefit to overall survival in some patients has caused a stir at the American Society of Clinical Oncology meeting in Chicago.
nintedanib
The German drugmaker presented results from the LUME-Lung 1 Phase III trial looking at the addition of nintedanib, to docetaxel as a second-line treatment in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) compared to chemotherapy alone.
New late-stage data on Boehringer Ingelheim’s lung cancer drug nintedanib and its benefit to overall survival in some patients has caused a stir at the American Society of Clinical Oncology meeting inChicago.
read all at
http://www.pharmatimes.com/Article/13-06-04/Boehringer_NSCLC_drug_impresses_at_ASCO.aspx
Nintedanib (also known as BIBF 1120 and Vargatef) is a small molecule inhibitor of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR), fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) and platelet derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) being developed by Boehringer Ingelheim for use as an anti-vascular anti-cancer agent.
Impotence: When You Can’t Get It Up is Getting You Down
Probably nothing devastates a man more than having a failure in the bedroom. Impotence or erectile dysfunction affects nearly 33 million men in the United States. You are not alone. Help is available for nearly every man who has erectile dysfunction.
Diet
According to the Urology Channel’s “Erectile Dysfunction: Natural/Alternative Treatments,” erectile dysfunction can be treated by eating right, drinking plenty of water and avoiding sugar, dairy and caffeine. They recommend to eat whole, fresh, unrefined and unprocessed foods, including vegetables, whole grains, soy, beans, seeds, nuts, olive oil and cold-water fish such as salmon and tuna.
Taking your vitamins can also help; the Urology Channel suggests supplements such as flaxseed, and in particular vitamins C, E and the mineral zinc. These vitamins and supplements help bolster the vascular system, which is an important part of good sexual health.
Exercise
Since sexual health relies on the vascular system, a strong heart…
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Ayurvedic Management of Chronic Colds, Flu, Ear Nose & Throat Problems
This protocol assumes that you do not have access to Ayurvedic clinical treatments. Please also note that this article may be too complex for the general public. If you have studied Ayurveda, you will be more familiar with the terms and basic concepts.
The main treatments are dietary, lifestyle and herbal. Treatment should begin with Langhana (reducing) then move towards Brimhana (nourishing).
FOUNDATION (DOSHA/AGNI/AMA)
#1 Balance the Doshas
Reduce causal Dosha accumulation in inner pathway + reduce/balance Bodaka/Avalabbaka.
Start with diet & lifestyle.
Dietshould have most offending Kapha aggravating foods removed but also adapt to causal Dosha if it is not Kapha.
- All animal and dairy foods should be stopped along with wheat and all sweeteners.
- Any Ama forming food should be avoided.
- Eat lightly. Fast if possible (if not too weak), otherwise cooked whole grains and steamed vegetables with spices is perfect.
- Foods that are helpful: Cabbage, Garlic…
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New Drug Approvals 