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DRUG APPROVALS BY DR ANTHONY MELVIN CRASTO
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Tasquinimod for patients with metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) who have not yet received chemotherapy
Tasquinimod
Tasquinimod (ABR-215050, CID 54682876) is a novel, oral drug currently being investigated for the treatment of solid tumors. Tasquinimod has been mostly studied in prostate cancer, but its mechanism of action suggests that it could be used to treat other cancers. Castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), formerly called hormone-resistant or hormone-refractory prostate cancer, is prostate cancer that grows despite medical or surgical androgen deprivation therapy. Tasquinimod targets the tumor microenvironment and counteracts cancer development by inhibiting angiogenesis and metastasis and by modulating the immune system. It is now in phase III development, following successful phase II trial outcomes.
Collaborative studies by laboratories at The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA, and Active Biotech Research AB, Lund, Sweden, identified tasquinimod as the lead agent for developing a treatment for prostate cancer.Tasquinimod was one of several second-generation quinoline-3-carboxamide variants synthesized using the drug roquinimex as a starting point, and it performed well in pre-clinical studies of cancer models
Tasquinimod is a novel small molecule that targets the tumor microenvironment by binding to S100A9 and modulating regulatory myeloid cell functions, exerting immunomodulatory, anti-angiogenic and anti-metastatic properties. Tasquinimod may also suppress the tumor hypoxic response, contributing to its effect on the tumor microenvironment. Today the development of tasquinimod is principally focused on the treatment of prostate cancer, but clinical studies in other cancer indications are performed. The ongoing 10TASQ10 trial is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, global Phase III clinical trial evaluating tasquinimod in patients with metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) who have not yet received chemotherapy.
The aim of the 10TASQ10 study is to confirm tasquinimod’s efficacy, with radiological Progression Free Survival (rPFS) as primary endpoint and overall survival (OS) as key secondary endpoint. The Phase III 10TASQ10 trial met its enrollment target in December 2012 with 1,245 randomized patients as planned in the clinical protocol. The study recruited patients in 37 countries covering more than 200 centers. Active Biotech and Ipsen plan to conduct the primary PFS analysis for the 10TASQ10 trial in 2014, at the same time as the first interim overall survival (OS) analysis.
About Active Biotech
Active Biotech AB (nasdaq omx nordic:ACTI) is a biotechnology company with focus on autoimmune/inflammatory diseases and cancer. Projects in pivotal phase are laquinimod, an orally administered small molecule with unique immunomodulatory properties for the treatment of multiple sclerosis, tasquinimod for prostate cancer and ANYARA primarily for the treatment of renal cell cancer. In addition, laquinimod is also in Phase II development for Crohn’s and Lupus. The company also has one additional project in clinical development, the orally administered compound paquinimod (57-57) for systemic sclerosis. Please visit http://www.activebiotech.com for more information.
About Ipsen
Ipsen is a global specialty-driven pharmaceutical company with total sales exceeding EUR1.2 billion in 2012. Ipsen’s ambition is to become a leader in specialty healthcare solutions for targeted debilitating diseases. Its development strategy is supported by 3 franchises: neurology, endocrinology and uro-oncology. Moreover, the Group has an active policy of partnerships. Ipsen’s R&D is focused on its innovative and differentiated technological platforms, peptides and toxins. In 2012, R&D expenditure totaled close to EUR250 million, representing more than 20% of Group sales. The Group has close to 4,900 employees worldwide. Ipsen’s shares are traded on segment A of Euronext Paris (stock code:IPN)(isin code:FR0010259150) and eligible to the “Service de Reglement Differe” (“SRD”). The Group is part of the SBF 120 index. Ipsen has implemented a Sponsored Level I American Depositary Receipt (ADR) program, which trade on the over-the-counter market in the United States under the symbol IPSEY. For more information on Ipsen, visit http://www.ipsen.com.
In 2011, Active Biotech and Ipsen entered into a broad partnership for the co-development and commercialization of tasquinimod. Under the terms of the agreement, Active Biotech has granted Ipsen exclusive rights to commercialize tasquinimod worldwide, except for North and South America and Japan, where Active Biotech has retained all commercial and marketing rights. Both companies co-develop tasquinimod for the treatment of metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) and Ipsen is developing tasquinimod also in other cancer indications. Active Biotech is responsible for conducting and funding the Phase III 10TASQ10 pivotal clinical trial and will receive up to EUR 200M (whereof EUR 25M upfront and EUR 32M in milestones have been received so far) upon achievement of clinical, regulatory and commercial milestones. In addition, Ipsen will pay Active Biotech tiered double-digit royalties on all sales of TASQ in Ipsen’s territories
N-alkyl-N-phenyl-quinoline-3-carboxamides such as paquinimod (herein below also referred to as A), laquinimod (herein below also referred to as B), andtasquinimod (herein below also referred to as C), have been prepared by a method involving distillation of the volatiles from a mixture comprising an ester, aniline and an aliphatic solvent such as n-heptane or n-octane.
Paquinimod (A) Laquinimod (B) Tasquinimod (C)
This method is described in US patent No. 6,875,869.
The prior art synthetic protocol (Org. Process. Res&Dev. 2007, 11, 674-680) for N-alkyl-N- phenyl-quinoline-3-carboxamides such as paquinimod (A), laquinimod (B), and tasquinimod (C) is exemplified with synthesis of paquinimod in Scheme 1. The route starts with an an- thranilic acid 1 which is transformed into an isatoic anhydride 2. The isatoic anhydride is methylated to give 3, which is condensed with dimethylmalonate to give the corresponding methyl ester 4. The methyl ester is subsequently condensed with the appropriate aniline, to give the desired final compound.
Scheme 1. The synthetic route to N-alkyl-N-phenyl-quinoline-3-carboxamides, exemplified with the synthesis of paquinimod (A) via the corresponding methyl ester 4.
This manufacturing method is short and avoids the use of expensive reagents. All intermediates are stable and easy to isolate in high purity by precipitation and filtration. The main impurity in the final condensation step is remaining alkyl ester. Alternative methods, such as carbodiimide mediated coupling between a carboxylic acid and aniline, or the condensation of N-alkyl-N-phenyl-malonamic acid methyl ester with an isatoic anhydride (US patent No. 5,912,349) are either longer or yield product of lower purity.
The final condensation step is an equilibrium (Scheme 2) that favors the alkyl ester and a action mechanism involving a ketene intermediate 5 has been strongly indicated (J. Org. Chem. 2006, 71, 1658-1667 and J Phys. Chem. A 2008, 112, 4501-4510).
Scheme 2. An intermediate ketene 5 is involved in the equilibrium between 4 and A. Usually formation of amides from esters and anilines requires very high reaction temperatures that also cause extensive byproduct formation. The above-mentioned reaction is enabled at moderate temperatures by the ability of 4 to unimolecularly form the ketene intermediate 5 instead of a tetrahedral intermediate. The method, which is described e.g. in US patent No. 6,875,869, comprises charging the reactor with an appropriate ester and an aniline derivative in an aliphatic solvent such as n-heptane or n-octane.
The equilibrium is driven towards the desired product by distilling off the solvent and any formed alcohol. After complete reaction the mixture is cooled and the precipitated raw product is isolated by filtration. Unlike most other reactions where esters are transformed into thermodynamically more stable amides this particular reaction needs a very efficient removal of formed alcohol in order to give a high yield.
Magic Bullets
I just saw that the most recent issue of Science is highlighting a favorite topic of mine, antibody-mediated therapy and B cell biology. I’ve done work in both of these (related) fields in the past and remain an advocate of antibody-tageting of therapies using drug conjugates (e.g. trastuzumab–DM1) or initiating cell-specific effects simply by binding (e.g. anti-CD20).
In the early 20th century, Paul Ehrlich coined the phrase “magische Kugel,” to describe antibodies as ‘magical’ proteins which could unerringly home in on targets to do a variety of things. Today, we can paint tumors with antibody conjugated with fluorescent dyes, deliver toxic chemicals to cells we wish to eliminate or simply activate / deactivate cells through targeting of receptor proteins.
I’m eager to get my hands on this issue and see what’s new (if anything) in the field and what products are currently in the pipeline of various biotech companies.
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VERCIRNON – GSK1605786A (formerly CCX282-B) Anti-inflammatory intended to treat Crohn’s disease and inflammatory bowel disease
http://www.ama-assn.org/resources/doc/usan/vercirnon.pdf
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vercirnon
|
|
| Trade Name: | Traficet-EN |
| Synonym: | CCX282-B, GSK1605786, GSK 1605786 |
- C22H21ClN2O4S
- Average mass: 444.931091
4-(2-(4-(tert-butyl)phenylsulfonamido)-5-chlorobenzoyl)pyridine 1-oxide
698394-73-9 [RN]
Anti-inflammatory intended to treat Crohn’s
disease and inflammatory bowel disease
GSK1605786A (formerly CCX282-B) targets chemokine receptor CCR9, which is expressed selectively on intestinal lymphocytes and dendritic cells. CCR9 mediates migration of immune cells to the intestine, and blockade of the receptor inhibits migration.
GSK1605786A is being studied in CD at a dose of 500 mg by mouth once daily or 500 mg by mouth twice daily versus placebo. Final data is anticipated to be collected mid-2012 for a study evaluating efficacy over a 12-week treatment period.
A study reviewing maintenance of remission is expected to be complete in July 2014 and a long-term safety study is scheduled for completion in July 2015.
GSK-1605786 (CCX-282; Traficet-EN), a selective antagonist of the CC chemokine receptor (CCR9), is being developed by GlaxoSmithKline plc under license from ChemoCentryx Inc for the potential treatment of inflammatory bowel disease, including Crohn’s disease and celiac disease. CCR9 is a tissue-specific lymphocyte trafficking molecule that selectively attracts both B- and T-cells to the small gut. Inhibition of CCR9 by GSK-1605786 may inhibit B- and T-cell entry to the small gut and ameliorate inflammation while leaving immune function at other anatomical sites unaffected. GSK-1605786 was assessed as a treatment for moderate-to-severe Crohn’s disease in the phase II/III PROTECT-1 trial and as a treatment for celiac disease in a phase II trial. Data suggest that GSK-1605786 is efficacious in patients with Crohn’s disease with the advantage of being orally bioavailable.
Adempas, first-in-class drug, approved by the FDA for the treatment of severe form of Pulmonary Artery Hypertension
October 09 ,2013 | By Márcio Barra
Adempas (riociguat), a first-in-class oral soluble guanylate cyclase stimulator from Bayer, has been approved today by the FDA for the treatment of Pulmonary Artery Hypertension (PAH) and as the first approved treatment for Chronic ThromboEmbolic Pulmonary Hypertension (CTEPH).
“Adempas is the first in its drug class approved to treat pulmonary hypertension and the first drug of any class to be shown to be effective for patients with CTEPH,” said Norman Stockbridge, director of the Division of Cardiovascular and Renal Drug Products in the FDA’s Center for Drug Evaluation and Research.
The drug, reviewed under the FDA’s 6 months priority review program, is noteworthy as it is the first approved treatment for chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension, a more severe subset of pulmonary hypertension characterized by blockage of large pulmonary arteries by acute and recurrent pulmonary emboli, and organisation of these blood clots, which affects between…
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BAYER- sPRM (BAY 1002670) Vilaprisan is a novel oral progesterone receptor modulator that holds the promises of long-term treatment of patients with symptomatic uterine fibroids
http://www.who.int/medicines/publications/druginformation/issues/Proposed-List_109.pdf str is available in this link
20,20,21,21,21-pentafluoro-17-hydroxy-11β-[4-
(methanesulfonyl)phenyl]-19-nor-17α-pregna-4,9-dien-3-one
progesterone receptor antagonist
BAY 1002670, vilaprisan
1262108-14-4
C27H29F5O4S, 544.574
http://www.who.int/medicines/publications/druginformation/issues/Proposed-List_109.pdf str is available in this link
Bayer has also made good progress in the development of new treatment options for patients with gynecological diseases: sPRM (BAY 1002670) is a novel oral progesterone receptor modulator that holds the promises of long-term treatment of patients with symptomatic uterine fibroids. Based on promising early clinical data the initiation of a Phase III study is planned for mid-2014.
A selective progesterone receptor modulator (SPRM) is an agent that acts on the progesterone receptor. A characteristic that distinguishes such substances from receptor full agonists (such as progesterone) and full antagonists (such as mifepristone) is that their action differs in different tissues (agonist in some while antagonist in others). This mixed agonist/antagonist profile of action leads to selective stimulation or inhibition progesterone-like action in different tissues and furthermore raises the possibility of dissociation of desirable therapeutic effects from undesirable side effects in synthetic progesterone receptor drug candidates
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Molidustat (BAY 85-3934), Bayer’s drug under initiation in patients with anemia associated with chronic kidney disease and/or end-stage renal disease.
Molidustat
UNII-9JH486CZ13, cas no 1154028-82-6, MW: 314.3076
2-(6-morpholin-4-ylpyrimidin-4-yl)-4-(triazol-1-yl)-1H-pyrazol-3-one
Hypoxia-Inducible Factor Prolyl Hydroxylase Inhibitors
For the cardio-renal syndrome, a Phase IIb program with the investigational new drug Molidustat (BAY 85-3934) is under initiation in patients with anemia associated with chronic kidney disease and/or end-stage renal disease. Molidustat is a novel inhibitor of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) prolyl hydroxylase (PH) which stimulates erythropoietin (EPO) production and the formation of red blood cells. Phase I data have shown that inhibition of HIF-PH by Molidustat results in an increase in endogenous production of EPO.
About Bayer HealthCare
The Bayer Group is a global enterprise with core competencies in the fields of health care, agriculture and high-tech materials. Bayer HealthCare, a subgroup of Bayer AG with annual sales of EUR 18.6 billion (2012), is one of the world’s leading, innovative companies in the healthcare and medical products industry and is based in Leverkusen, Germany. The company combines the global activities of the Animal Health, Consumer Care, Medical Care and Pharmaceuticals divisions. Bayer HealthCare’s aim is to discover, develop, manufacture and market products that will improve human and animal health worldwide. Bayer HealthCare has a global workforce of 54,900 employees (Dec 31, 2012) and is represented in more than 100 countries. More information at www.healthcare.bayer.com.
molidustat
…………………………………………………………..
molidusat sodium
Sodium 1-[6-(morpholin-4-yl)pyrimidin-4-yl]-4-(1H-1,2,3-triazol-1-yl)-1H-pyrazol-5-olate
Molidustat sodium is an orally-available hypoxia-inducible factor prolyl hydroxylase inhibitor in phase I clinical trials at Bayer for the treatment of patients suffering from renal anemia due to chronic kidney disease.
WO 2008067871
WO 2012065967
WO 2013167552
…………………………
2-Heteroaryl-4-aryl-1,2-dihydropyrazolones having a bactericidal and/or fungicidal action are disclosed in EP 165 448 and EP 212 281. The use of 2-heteroaryl-4-aryl-1,2-dihydropyrazolones as lipoxygenase inhibitors for treatment of respiratory tract, cardiovascular and inflammatory diseases is claimed in EP 183 159. 2,4-Diphenyl-1,2-dihydropyrazolones having a herbicidal activity are described in DE 2 651 008.
The preparation and pharmacological properties of certain 2-pyridyl-1,2-dihydropyrazolones are reported in Helv. Chim. Acta 49 (1), 272-280 (1966). WO 96/12706, WO 00/51989 and WO 03/074550 claim compounds having a dihydropyrazolone partial structure for treatment of various diseases, and hydroxy- or alkoxy-substituted bipyrazoles for treatment of neuropsychiatric diseases are disclosed in WO 2006/101903.
Heteroaryl-substituted pyrazole derivatives for treatment of pain and various CNS diseases are furthermore described in WO 03/051833 and WO 2004/089303. WO 2006/114213 has meanwhile disclosed 2,4-dipyridyl-1,2-dihydropyrazolones as inhibitors of HIF prolyl 4-hydroxylases.
The x-ray crystal structure of the compound 3-methyl-1-(pyridin-2-yl)-4-(1-pyridin-2-yl-3-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)-2H-3-pyrazolin-5 (114)-one (other name: 5,5′-dimethyl-2,2′-di-pyridin-2-yl-1′,2′-dihydro-2H,3′H-3,4′-bipyrazol-3′-one) is reported inActa Crystallogr., Section E: Structure Reports Oμline E57 (11), o1126-o1127 (2001) [Chem. Abstr. 2001:796190].
The synthesis of certain 3′,5-dimethyl-2-phenyl-1′-(1,3-thiazol-2-yl)-1′H,2H-3,4′-bipyrazol-5′-ol derivatives is described inIndian J. Heterocyclic Chem. 3 (1), 5-8 (1993) [Chem. Abstr. 1994:323362].
The preparation and tautomerism of individual 4-(pyrazol-5-yl)-pyrazolin-5-one derivatives is reported in J. Heterocyclic Chem. 27 (4), 865-870 (1990) [Chem. Abstr. 1991:428557]. A therapeutic use has not hitherto been described for the compounds mentioned in these publications. The compound 2-tert-butyl-1′-[4-(4-chlorophenyl)-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]-3′,5-dimethyl-1′H,2H-3,4′-bipyrazol-5′-ol is listed as a test example in WO 2007/008541.
………………………….
https://www.google.co.in/patents/US20100305085
Example 3A 3-(Dimethylamino)-2-(1H-1,2,3-triazol-1-yl)acrylic acid ethyl ester
The preparation of the starting compound is carried out analogously to 2A starting from 1.00 g (6.45 mmol) 2-(1H-1,2,3-triazol-1-yl)acetic acid ethyl ester.
Yield: 1.4 g (100% of th.)
1H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6): δ=8.10 (d, 1H), 7.78 (d, 1H), 7.65 (s, 1H), 4.03 (q, 2H), 3.06 (br. s, 3H), 2.10 (br. s, 3H), 1.12 (t, 3H).
LC-MS (Method 5): Rt=1.40 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=211 [M+H]+.
Example 16A 4-(6-Hydrazinopyrimidin-4-yl)morpholine
Stage a): 4-(6-Chloropyrimidin-4-yl)morpholine
45.0 g (302.1 mmol) 4,6-dichloropyrimidine are initially introduced into 450 ml water. 26.3 g (302.1 mmol) morpholine are added and the mixture is stirred at 90° C. for 16 h. Thereafter, it is cooled to 0° C. and the precipitate formed is filtered off. The precipitate is washed once with 50 ml water and dried in air.
Yield: 51.0 g (85% of th.)
LC-MS (Method 4): Rt=1.09 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=200 [M+H]+;
1H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6): δ=8.35 (s, 1H), 6.95 (s, 1H), 3.62 (s, 8H).
Stage b) 4-(6-Hydrazinopyrimidin-4-yl)morpholine
53.0 g (2.7 mmol) 4-(6-chloropyrimidin-4-yl)morpholine are initially introduced into 260 ml ethanol. 132.9 g (2.7 mol) hydrazine hydrate are added and the mixture is stirred under reflux for 16 h. Thereafter, it is cooled to RT and approx. half of the solvent is removed by distillation. The mixture is cooled to 0° C. and the solid formed is filtered off. It is rinsed with cold ethanol and the solid is dried first in air and then in vacuo.
Yield: 35.0 g (68% of th.)
LC-MS (Method 1): Rt=0.17 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=196 [M+H]+;
1H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6): δ=7.94 (s, 1H), 7.70 (s, 1H), 5.91 (s, 1H), 4.15 (s, 2H), 3.66-3.60 (m, 4H), 3.45-3.37 (m, 4H).
Example 71 2-(6-Morpholin-4-ylpyrimidin-4-yl)-4-(1H-1,2,3-triazol-1-yl)-1,2-dihydro-3H-pyrazol-3-one
1.9 g (8.8 mmol) of the compound from Example 3A and 1.9 g (9.7 mmol) of the compound from Example 16A are initially introduced into 25 ml ethyl acetate and 504 mg (4.4 mmol) TFA are added at RT. The mixture is stirred under reflux for 16 h, then cooled to 5° C. and subsequently stirred for a further 2 h. The solid formed is filtered off, washed with ethyl acetate and dried first in air and thereafter under a high vacuum. 1.7 g of product are obtained.
The mother liquor is combined with the wash solution and the solvent is removed. According to LC-MS, the residue (2.4 g) still contains the intermediate 3-[2-(6-morpholin-4-ylpyrimidin-4-yl)hydrazino]-2-(1H-1,2,3-triazol-1-yl)prop-2-enoic acid ethyl ester (intermediate stage of the cyclization), which is used directly for the preparation of Example 72 (see there).
Yield: 1.7 g (61% of th.)
LC-MS (Method 9): Rt=0.90 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=315 [M+H]+;
1H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6): δ=8.42 (s, 1H), 8.38 (s, 1H), 8.01 (s, 1H), 7.73 (s, 1H), 7.70 (s, 1H), 3.71-3.65 (m, 4H), 3.57-3.51 (m, 4H).
hydrochloride
Example 72 2-(6-Morpholin-4-ylpyrimidin-4-yl)-4-(1H-1,2,3-triazol-1-yl)-1,2-dihydro-3H-pyrazol-3-one hydrochloride
Batch 1: 7.5 ml of a 4 N solution of hydrogen chloride in dioxane are added to 1.7 g (5.4 mmol) of the compound from Example 71. The mixture is stirred at RT, 5 ml dioxane are added and the mixture is stirred at RT for 16 h. The solid is filtered off and washed with 5 ml dioxane. The mixture is dried under a high vacuum for 16 h, 10 ml methanol are then added and the mixture is stirred at RT for 1 h. The solid is filtered off, washed with 4 ml methanol and dried under a high vacuum. 1.6 g of the title compound are obtained.
Batch 2: A further amount of the title compound is obtained as follows: The residue (2.4 g) obtained from the mother liquor during the synthesis of Example Compound 71, which contains the open-ring intermediate state of the cyclization, 3-[2-(6-morpholin-4-ylpyrimidin-4-yl)hydrazino]-2-(1H-1,2,3-triazol-1-yl)prop-2-enoic acid ethyl ester, is dissolved in 12 ml ethanol and 1.5 ml 30% strength sodium methylate solution in methanol are added at RT, while stirring. The mixture is subsequently stirred at RT for 45 min, then adjusted to pH 5 with 2 N hydrochloric acid and subsequently stirred at RT for a further 16 h. The mixture is cooled to 10° C. and the solid is filtered off and washed with 3.5 ml dioxane. The mixture is dried under a high vacuum for 16 h, 5 ml methanol are then added and the mixture is subsequently stirred at RT for 1 h. The solid is filtered off, washed with 2 ml methanol and dried under a high vacuum to give a further 997 mg of the title compound in this way.
Yield: together 2.6 g (83% of th.)
LC-MS (Method 6): Rt=0.89 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=315 [M+H]+;
1H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6): δ=8.54 (s, 1H), 8.39 (s, 1H), 8.28 (s, 1H), 7.88 (s, 1H), 7.42 (s, 1H), 3.71 (s, 8H).
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Copanlisib (BAY 80-6946), Bayer’s novel, oral phosphatidylinositol-3 kinases (PI3K) inhibitor
Copanlisib (BAY 80-6946)
1032568-63-0, cas no
MW: 480.5262
In oncology, Copanlisib (BAY 80-6946), a novel, oral phosphatidylinositol-3 kinases (PI3K) inhibitor, was selected for accelerated development. Copanlisib demonstrated a broad anti-tumor spectrum in preclinical tumor models and promising early clinical signals in a Phase I study in patients with follicular lymphoma. A Phase II study in patients with Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma is currently ongoing.
PI3K inhibitor BAY 80-6946
A phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. PI3K inhibitor BAY 80-6946 inhibits the activation of the PI3K signaling pathway, which may result in inhibition of tumor cell growth and survival in susceptible tumor cell populations. Activation of the PI3K signaling pathway is frequently associated with tumorigenesis and dysregulated PI3K signaling may contribute to tumor resistance to a variety of antineoplastic agents.
Finerenone (BAY 94-8862), BAYER’S next generation oral, non-steroidal Mineralocorticoid Receptor antagonist which blocks the deleterious effects of aldosterone
CAS Number: 1050477-31-0, UNII-DE2O63YV8R
MW: 378.4298, C21-H22-N4-O3
Finerenone (BAY 94-8862) is a next generation oral, non-steroidal Mineralocorticoid Receptor antagonist which blocks the deleterious effects of aldosterone.
Currently available steroidal MR antagonists have proven to be effective in reducing cardiovascular mortality in patients with heart failure but have significant side effects that limit their utilization.
Finerenone is currently in clinical Phase IIb development for the treatment of worsening chronic heart failure, as well as diabetic nephropathy.
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved Adempas (riociguat) to treat adults with two forms of pulmonary hypertension.
October 8, 2013 — The U.S. Food and Drug Administration today approved Adempas (riociguat) to treat adults with two forms of pulmonary hypertension.
Pulmonary hypertension is caused by abnormally high blood pressure in the arteries of the lungs. It makes the right side of the heart work harder than normal. In its various forms, pulmonary hypertension is a chronic, progressive, debilitating disease, often leading to death or need for lung transplantation
read all at
http://www.drugs.com/newdrugs/fda-approves-adempas-pulmonary-hypertension-3927.html
In the area of pulmonary hypertension Adempas (Riociguat) is the first member of a novel class of compounds – so-called ‘soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) stimulators’ – being investigated as a new and specific approach to treating different types of pulmonary hypertension (PH). Adempas has the potential to overcome a number of limitations of currently approved treatments for pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and addresses the unmet medical need in patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH). It was approved for the treatment of CTEPH in Canada in September 2013, making it the world’s first drug approved in this deadly disease.
Riociguat has already shown promise as a potential treatment option beyond these two PH indications. An early clinical study was conducted in PH-ILD (interstitial lung disease), a disease characterized by lung tissue scarring (fibrosis) or lung inflammation which can lead to pulmonary hypertension, and, based on positive data, the decision was taken to initiate Phase IIb studies in PH-IIP (idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis), a subgroup of PH-ILD. Moreover, scientific evidence was demonstrated in preclinical models that the activity may even go beyond vascular relaxation. To prove the hypothesis Bayer is initiating clinical studies in the indication of systemic sclerosis (SSc), an orphan chronic autoimmune disease of the connective tissue affecting several organs and associated with high morbidity and mortality. If successful, Riociguat has the potential to become the first approved treatment for this devastating disease.
synthesis
Generic Name: Riociguat
Trade Name: Adempas
Synonym: BAY 63-2521
CAS number: 625115-55-1
Chemical Name: Methyl N-[4,6-Diamino-2-[1-[(2-fluorophenyl)methyl]-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-3-yl]-5-pyrimidinyl]-N-methyl-carbaminate
Mechanism of Action: soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC) stimulator
Date of Approval: October 8, 2013(US)
Indication: Pulmonary Hypertension
Company: Bayer AG
1)J. Mittendorf.; S. Weigand.; C. Alonso-Alija.; E. Bischoff.; A. Feurer.; M. Gerisch.; A. Kern.; A. Knorr.; D. Lang.; K. Muenter.; M. Radtke.; H. Schirok.; K.-H. Schlemmer.; E. Stahl.; A. Straub.; F. Wunder.; J.-P. Stasch. Discovery of Riociguat (BAY 63-2521): A Potent, Oral Stimulator of Soluble Guanylate Cyclase for the Treatment of Pulmonary Hypertension, ChemMedChem. 2009, 4, 853-865.
2)Cristina Alonso-Alija, Bayer Ag, Erwin Bischoff, Achim Feurer, Klaus Muenter, Elke Stahl, Johannes-Peter Stasch, Stefan Weigand, Carbamate-substituted pyrazolopyridines, WO2003095451 A1
3)Franz-Josef Mais, Joachim Rehse, Winfried Joentgen, Konrad SIEGEL, Process for preparing methyl methylcarbamate and its purification for use as pharmaceutically active compound,US20110130410
4)Claudia Hirth-Dietrich, Peter Sandner, Johannes-Peter Stasch, Andreas Knorr, Degenfeld Georges Von, Michael Hahn, Markus Follmann, The use of sGC stimulators, sGC activators, alone and combinations with PDE5 inhibitors for the treatment of systemic sclerosis (SSc), WO 2011147810A1
5)Li Liang, Li Xing-zhou, Liu Ya-dan, Zheng Zhi-bing, Li Song, Synthesis of riociguat in treatment of pulmonary hypertension, Chinese Journal of Medicinal Chemistry(Zhongguo Yaowu Huaxue Zazhi), 21(2),120-125; 2011
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cut paste from my earlier post
RIOCIQUAT
CAS NO 625115-55-1
Methyl N-[4,6-Diamino-2-[1-[(2-fluorophenyl)methyl]-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-3-yl]-5-pyrimidinyl]-N-methyl-carbaminate
9 APRIL2013
Bayer has been boosted by the news that regulators in the USA are fast-tracking the German group’s investigational pulmonary arterial hypertension riociguat.
The US Food and Drug Administration has granted priority review to the New Drug Application for riociguat, which Bayer filed in February on both sides of the Atlantic for PAH and a related condition, inoperable chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH). The FDA bestows a priority review on medicines that offer major advances in care or that provide a treatment where no adequate therapy exists. The agency aims to complete its assessment within eight months from the submission of the NDA, rather than the standard 12 months.
Riociguat (BAY 63-2521) is a novel drug that is currently in clinical development by Bayer. It is a stimulator of soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC). At the moment Phase III clinical trialsinvestigate the use of riociguat as a new approach to treat two forms of pulmonary hypertension (PH): chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) andpulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Riociguat constitutes the first drug of a novel class of sGC stimulators
The submissions are based on two Phase III studies and riociguat, the first member of a novel class of compounds called stimulators of soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC), met its primary endpoint in both trials, a change in exercise capacity after 12- or 16 weeks respectively. The drug was generally well tolerated, with a good safety profile.
If approved, riociguat would be going up against Actelion’s Tracleer (bosentan) and Gilead Sciences/GlaxoSmithKline’s Letairis/Volibris (ambrisentan). Actelion, which has dominated the PAH market, has already filed its follow-up to Tracleer, Opsumit (macitentan).
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New Drug Approvals 