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DR ANTHONY MELVIN CRASTO Ph.D

DR ANTHONY MELVIN CRASTO Ph.D

DR ANTHONY MELVIN CRASTO, Born in Mumbai in 1964 and graduated from Mumbai University, Completed his Ph.D from ICT, 1991,Matunga, Mumbai, India, in Organic Chemistry, The thesis topic was Synthesis of Novel Pyrethroid Analogues, Currently he is working with AFRICURE PHARMA, ROW2TECH, NIPER-G, CLEANCHEM LABS as ADVISOR, earlier assignment was with GLENMARK LIFE SCIENCES LTD, as CONSUlTANT, Retired from GLENMARK in Jan2022 Research Centre as Principal Scientist, Process Research (bulk actives) at Mahape, Navi Mumbai, India. Total Industry exp 32 plus yrs, Prior to joining Glenmark, he has worked with major multinationals like Hoechst Marion Roussel, now Sanofi, Searle India Ltd, now RPG lifesciences, etc. He has worked with notable scientists like Dr K Nagarajan, Dr Ralph Stapel, Prof S Seshadri, etc, He did custom synthesis for major multinationals in his career like BASF, Novartis, Sanofi, etc., He has worked in Discovery, Natural products, Bulk drugs, Generics, Intermediates, Fine chemicals, Neutraceuticals, GMP, Scaleups, etc, he is now helping millions, has 9 million plus hits on Google on all Organic chemistry websites. His friends call him Open superstar worlddrugtracker. His New Drug Approvals, Green Chemistry International, All about drugs, Eurekamoments, Organic spectroscopy international, etc in organic chemistry are some most read blogs He has hands on experience in initiation and developing novel routes for drug molecules and implementation them on commercial scale over a 32 PLUS year tenure till date Feb 2023, Around 35 plus products in his career. He has good knowledge of IPM, GMP, Regulatory aspects, he has several International patents published worldwide . He has good proficiency in Technology transfer, Spectroscopy, Stereochemistry, Synthesis, Polymorphism etc., He suffered a paralytic stroke/ Acute Transverse mylitis in Dec 2007 and is 90 %Paralysed, He is bound to a wheelchair, this seems to have injected feul in him to help chemists all around the world, he is more active than before and is pushing boundaries, He has 100 million plus hits on Google, 2.5 lakh plus connections on all networking sites, 100 Lakh plus views on dozen plus blogs, 227 countries, 7 continents, He makes himself available to all, contact him on +91 9323115463, email amcrasto@gmail.com, Twitter, @amcrasto , He lives and will die for his family, 90% paralysis cannot kill his soul., Notably he has 38 lakh plus views on New Drug Approvals Blog in 227 countries......https://newdrugapprovals.wordpress.com/ , He appreciates the help he gets from one and all, Friends, Family, Glenmark, Readers, Wellwishers, Doctors, Drug authorities, His Contacts, Physiotherapist, etc He has total of 32 International and Indian awards

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EU approves Lilly diabetes drug Trulicity, dulaglutide

November 26, 2014 5:16 am / Leave a comment


EU approves Lilly diabetes drug Trulicity

Regulators in Europe have given the green light to Eli Lilly’s Trulicity, its once-weekly glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist for type 2 diabetes.

Read more at: http://www.pharmatimes.com/Article/14-11-25/EU_approves_Lilly_diabetes_drug_Trulicity.aspx

Dulaglutide is a glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist (GLP-1 agonist) for the treatment of type 2 diabetes that can be used once weekly.[1][2]GLP-1 is a hormone that is involved in the normalization of level of glucose in blood (glycemia). The FDA approved dulaglutide for use in the United States in September 2014.[3] The drug is manufactured by Eli Lilly under the brand name Trulicity.[3]

Mechanism of action

Dulaglutide binding to glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor, slows gastric emptying and increases insulin secretion by beta cells in the pancreas. Simultaneously the compound reduces the elevated glucagon secretion by alpha cells of the pancreas, which is known to be inappropriate in the diabetic patient. GLP-1 is normally secreted by L cells of the gastrointestinal mucosa in response to a meal.[4]

Medical uses[

The compound is indicated for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus as an adjunct to diet and exercise to improve glycemic control. Dulaglutide is not indicated in the treatment of subjects with type 1 diabetes mellitus or patients with diabetic ketoacidosis. Dulaglutide can be used either stand-alone or in combination with other medicines for type 2 diabetes, in particular metformin, sulfonylureas, thiazolidinediones, and insulin taken concomitantly with meals.[5]

Side effects

The most common side effects include gastrointestinal disorders, such as dyspepsia, decreased appetite, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea.[6] Some patients may experience serious adverse reactions: acute pancreatitis (symptoms include persistent severe abdominal pain, sometimes radiating to the back and accompanied by vomiting),hypoglycemia, renal impairment (which may sometimes require hemodialysis). The risk of hypoglycemia is increased if the drug is used in combination with sulfonylureas orinsulin.[7][8]

Contraindications

The compound is contraindicated in subjects with hypersensitivity to active principle or any of the product’s components. As a precautionary measure patients with a personal or family history of medullary thyroid carcinoma or affected by multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome type 2 should not take dulaglutide, because for now it is unclear whether the compound can increase the risk of these cancers.[9]

References

  1. JCourtney Aavang Tibble, Tricia Santos Cavaiola, Robert R Henry (2013). “Longer Acting GLP-1 Receptor Agonists and the Potential for Improved Cardiovascular Outcomes: A Review of Current Literature”. Expert Rev Endocrinol Metab 8 (3): 247–259.doi:10.1586/eem.13.20.
  2.  “Lilly’s Once-Weekly Dulaglutide Shows Non-Inferiority to Liraglutide in Head-to-Head Phase III Trial for Type 2 Diabetes”. Eli Lilly. Feb 25, 2014.
  3.  “FDA approves Trulicity to treat type 2 diabetes” (Press release). FDA. Sep 18, 2014.
  4.  Nadkarni P, Chepurny OG, Holz GG (2014). “Regulation of glucose homeostasis by GLP-1”. Prog Mol Biol Transl Sci 121: 23–65. doi:10.1016/B978-0-12-800101-1.00002-8.PMC 4159612. PMID 24373234. Retrieved 2014-09-29.
  5.  Terauchi Y, Satoi Y, Takeuchi M, Imaoka T (July 2014). “Monotherapy with the once weekly GLP-1 receptor agonist dulaglutide for 12 weeks in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes: dose-dependent effects on glycaemic control in a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study”. Endocr. J. PMID 25029955. Retrieved 2014-09-29.
  6.  Nauck M, Weinstock RS, Umpierrez GE, Guerci B, Skrivanek Z, Milicevic Z (August 2014). “Efficacy and safety of dulaglutide versus sitagliptin after 52 weeks in type 2 diabetes in a randomized controlled trial (AWARD-5)”. Diabetes Care 37 (8): 2149–58.doi:10.2337/dc13-2761. PMID 24742660.
  7.  Amblee A (April 2014). “Dulaglutide for the treatment of type 2 diabetes”. Drugs Today50 (4): 277–89. doi:10.1358/dot.2014.50.4.2132740. PMID 24918645.
  8.  Monami M, Dicembrini I, Nardini C, Fiordelli I, Mannucci E (February 2014). “Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and pancreatitis: a meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials”. Diabetes Res. Clin. Pract. 103 (2): 269–75. doi:10.1016/j.diabres.2014.01.010.PMID 24485345.
  9. Samson SL, Garber A (April 2013). “GLP-1R agonist therapy for diabetes: benefits and potential risks”. Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes 20 (2): 87–97.doi:10.1097/MED.0b013e32835edb32. PMID 23403741. Retrieved 2014-09-30.
Identifiers
CAS number 923950-08-7
ATC code None
Chemical data
Formula C2646H4044N704O836S18 
Mol. mass 59669.81 g/mol

FDA Approves Trulicity (dulaglutide) for Type 2 Diabetes

September 19, 2014 3:39 am / Leave a comment


FDA Approves Trulicity (dulaglutide) for Type 2 Diabetes

 

DULAGLUTIDE
PRONUNCIATION doo” la gloo’ tide
THERAPEUTIC CLAIM Treatment of type II diabetes
CHEMICAL NAMES
1. 7-37-Glucagon-like peptide I [8-glycine,22-glutamic acid,36-glycine] (synthetic
human) fusion protein with peptide (synthetic 16-amino acid linker) fusion protein with immunoglobulin G4 (synthetic human Fc fragment), dimer
2. [Gly8,Glu22,Gly36]human glucagon-like peptide 1-(7-37)-peptidyltetraglycyl-Lseryltetraglycyl-L-seryltetraglycyl-L-seryl-L-alanyldes-Lys229-[Pro10,Ala16,Ala17]human immunoglobulin heavy constant γ4 chain H-CH2-CH3 fragment, (55-55′:58-58′)-bisdisulfide dimer

 

  • Dulaglutide
  • LY 2189265
  • LY-2189265
  • LY2189265
  • UNII-WTT295HSY5

 

GLP-1 immunoglobulin G (IgG4) Fc fusion protein with extended activity; a hypoglycemic agent.
  • 7-37-Glucagon-like peptide I (8-glycine,22-glutamic acid,36-glycine) (synthetic human) fusion protein
    with peptide (synthetic 16-amino acid linker) fusion protein with immunoglobulin G4 (synthetic human Fc fragment), dimer

 

sept 18 2014

The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved dulaglutide (Trulicity, Eli Lilly & Co), as a once-weekly injection for the treatment of type 2 diabetes.

A member of the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist class, dulaglutide joins liraglutide (Victoza, Novo Nordisk), exenatide (Byetta, AstraZeneca/Bristol-Myers Squibb), and albiglutide (Tanzeum, GlaxoSmithKline), on the US market.

Once-weekly dulaglutide was approved based on 6 clinical trials involving a total of 3342 patients who received the drug. It was studied as a stand-alone therapy and in combination withmetformin, sulfonylurea, thiazolidinedione, and prandial insulin.

In one trial the once-weekly dulaglutide was non-inferior to daily liraglutide and in another it topped the oral dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor sitagliptin (Januvia, Merck).

The most common side effects observed in patients treated with dulaglutide were nausea, diarrhea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and decreased appetite.

Dulaglutide should not be used to treat people with type 1 diabetes, diabetic ketoacidosis, or severe abdominal or intestinal problems, or as first-line therapy for patients who cannot be managed with diet and exercise.

As with others in its class, dulaglutide’s label will include a boxed warning that thyroid C-cell tumors have been observed in rodents but the risk in humans is unknown. The drug should not be used in patients with a personal or family history of medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) or multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2.

The FDA is requiring Lilly to conduct the following postmarketing studies for dulaglutide:

•  A clinical trial to evaluate dosing, efficacy, and safety in children

•  A study to assess potential effects on sexual maturation, reproduction, and central nervous system development and function in immature rats

•  An MTC case registry of at least 15 years duration to identify any increase in MTC incidence with the drug

•  A clinical trial comparing dulaglutide with insulin glargine on glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes and moderate or severe renal impairment

•  A cardiovascular outcomes trial to evaluate the drug’s cardiovascular risk profile in patients with high baseline risk for cardiovascular disease.

The FDA approval also comes with a Risk Evaluation and Mitigation Strategy, including a communication plan to inform healthcare professionals about the serious risks associated with the drug.

 

 

STRUCTURAL FORMULA
Monomer
HGEGTFTSDV SSYLEEQAAK EFIAWLVKGG GGGGGSGGGG SGGGGSAESK 50
YGPPCPPCPA PEAAGGPSVF LFPPKPKDTL MISRTPEVTC VVVDVSQEDP 100
EVQFNWYVDG VEVHNAKTKP REEQFNSTYR VVSVLTVLHQ DWLNGKEYKC 150
KVSNKGLPSS IEKTISKAKG QPREPQVYTL PPSQEEMTKN QVSLTCLVKG 200
FYPSDIAVEW ESNGQPENNY KTTPPVLDSD GSFFLYSRLT VDKSRWQEGN 250
VFSCSVMHEA LHNHYTQKSL SLSLG 275
Disulfide bridges location
55-55′ 58-58′ 90-150 90′-150′ 196-254 196′-254′
MOLECULAR FORMULA C2646H4044N704O836S18
MOLECULAR WEIGHT 59.67 kDa

MANUFACTURER Eli Lilly and Company
CODE DESIGNATION LY2189265
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER 923950-08-7

http://www.ama-assn.org/resources/doc/usan/dulaglutide.pdf

LY2189265 (dulaglutide), a glucagon-like peptide-1 analog, is a biologic entity being studied as a once-weekly treatment for type 2 diabetes.

Dulaglatuide works by stimulating cells to release insulin only when blood sugar levels are high.

Gwen Krivi, Ph.D., vice president, product development, Lilly Diabetes, said of the drug, “We believe dulaglutide, if approved, can bring significant benefits to people with type 2 diabetes.”

In fact, it might help to control both diabetics’ blood sugar and their high blood pressure.

Eli Lilly CEO John Lechleiter believes the drug has the potential to be a blockbuster. Lilly could be ready to seek approval by 2013.

For more information on dulaglutide clinical studies, click here.

 

 

PRESS RELEASES

Data Preseted at 49th EASD Annual Meeting Show Treatment with Lilly’s Investigational Dulaglutide Resulted in Improved Patient-Reported Health Outcomes – September 26, 2013

Lilly’s Investigational GLP-1 Receptor Agonist, Dulaglutide, Showed Superior Glycemic Control Versus Comparators in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes – June 22, 2013

Lilly Announces Positive Results of Phase III Trials of Dulaglutide in Type 2 Diabetes – April 16, 2013

Lilly Diabetes Announces Positive Results of Phase III Trials of Dulaglutide in Type 2 Diabetes – October 22, 2012

Lilly Diabetes Presents Phase II Blood Pressure and Heart Rate Data on Investigational GLP-1 Analog Candidate, Dulaglutide, in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes at the 27th American Society of Hypertension Scientific Meeting – May 22, 2012

LY2189265 (dulaglutide), a glucagon-like peptide-1 analog as once-weekly treatment for type 2 diabetes.

October 25, 2013 7:47 am / Leave a comment


DULAGLUTIDE
PRONUNCIATION doo” la gloo’ tide
THERAPEUTIC CLAIM Treatment of type II diabetes
CHEMICAL NAMES
1. 7-37-Glucagon-like peptide I [8-glycine,22-glutamic acid,36-glycine] (synthetic
human) fusion protein with peptide (synthetic 16-amino acid linker) fusion protein with immunoglobulin G4 (synthetic human Fc fragment), dimer
2. [Gly8,Glu22,Gly36]human glucagon-like peptide 1-(7-37)-peptidyltetraglycyl-Lseryltetraglycyl-L-seryltetraglycyl-L-seryl-L-alanyldes-Lys229-[Pro10,Ala16,Ala17]human immunoglobulin heavy constant γ4 chain H-CH2-CH3 fragment, (55-55′:58-58′)-bisdisulfide dimer

 

STRUCTURAL FORMULA
Monomer
HGEGTFTSDV SSYLEEQAAK EFIAWLVKGG GGGGGSGGGG SGGGGSAESK 50
YGPPCPPCPA PEAAGGPSVF LFPPKPKDTL MISRTPEVTC VVVDVSQEDP 100
EVQFNWYVDG VEVHNAKTKP REEQFNSTYR VVSVLTVLHQ DWLNGKEYKC 150
KVSNKGLPSS IEKTISKAKG QPREPQVYTL PPSQEEMTKN QVSLTCLVKG 200
FYPSDIAVEW ESNGQPENNY KTTPPVLDSD GSFFLYSRLT VDKSRWQEGN 250
VFSCSVMHEA LHNHYTQKSL SLSLG 275
Disulfide bridges location
55-55′ 58-58′ 90-150 90′-150′ 196-254 196′-254′
MOLECULAR FORMULA C2646H4044N704O836S18
MOLECULAR WEIGHT 59.67 kDa

MANUFACTURER Eli Lilly and Company
CODE DESIGNATION LY2189265
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER 923950-08-7

http://www.ama-assn.org/resources/doc/usan/dulaglutide.pdf

LY2189265 (dulaglutide), a glucagon-like peptide-1 analog, is a biologic entity being studied as a once-weekly treatment for type 2 diabetes.

Dulaglatuide works by stimulating cells to release insulin only when blood sugar levels are high.

Gwen Krivi, Ph.D., vice president, product development, Lilly Diabetes, said of the drug, “We believe dulaglutide, if approved, can bring significant benefits to people with type 2 diabetes.”

In fact, it might help to control both diabetics’ blood sugar and their high blood pressure.

Eli Lilly CEO John Lechleiter believes the drug has the potential to be a blockbuster. Lilly could be ready to seek approval by 2013.

For more information on dulaglutide clinical studies, click here.

PRESS RELEASES

Data Preseted at 49th EASD Annual Meeting Show Treatment with Lilly’s Investigational Dulaglutide Resulted in Improved Patient-Reported Health Outcomes – September 26, 2013

Lilly’s Investigational GLP-1 Receptor Agonist, Dulaglutide, Showed Superior Glycemic Control Versus Comparators in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes – June 22, 2013

Lilly Announces Positive Results of Phase III Trials of Dulaglutide in Type 2 Diabetes – April 16, 2013

Lilly Diabetes Announces Positive Results of Phase III Trials of Dulaglutide in Type 2 Diabetes – October 22, 2012

Lilly Diabetes Presents Phase II Blood Pressure and Heart Rate Data on Investigational GLP-1 Analog Candidate, Dulaglutide, in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes at the 27th American Society of Hypertension Scientific Meeting – May 22, 2012

Dulaglutide Shows Superiority in Phase 3 Trials

June 25, 2013 7:01 am / 8 Comments on Dulaglutide Shows Superiority in Phase 3 Trials


DULAGLUTIDE

STRUCTURAL FORMULA
Monomer
HGEGTFTSDV SSYLEEQAAK EFIAWLVKGG GGGGGSGGGG SGGGGSAESK 50
YGPPCPPCPA PEAAGGPSVF LFPPKPKDTL MISRTPEVTC VVVDVSQEDP 100
EVQFNWYVDG VEVHNAKTKP REEQFNSTYR VVSVLTVLHQ DWLNGKEYKC 150
KVSNKGLPSS IEKTISKAKG QPREPQVYTL PPSQEEMTKN QVSLTCLVKG 200
FYPSDIAVEW ESNGQPENNY KTTPPVLDSD GSFFLYSRLT VDKSRWQEGN 250
VFSCSVMHEA LHNHYTQKSL SLSLG 275
Disulfide bridges location
55-55′ 58-58′ 90-150 90′-150′ 196-254 196′-254′

http://www.ama-assn.org/resources/doc/usan/dulaglutide.pdf

7-37-Glucagon-like peptide I [8-glycine,22-glutamic acid,36-glycine] (synthetic
human) fusion protein with peptide (synthetic 16-amino acid linker) fusion protein with
immunoglobulin G4 (synthetic human Fc fragment), dimer

Eli Lilly and Co. announced detailed safety and efficacy results from three Phase 3 AWARD trials for dulaglutide, an investigational, long-acting glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist being studied as a once-weekly treatment for type 2 diabetes

http://www.dddmag.com/news/2013/06/dulaglutide-shows-superiority-phase-3-trials?et_cid=3330501&et_rid=523035093&type=cta

Lilly’s diabetes drug dulaglutide shines again in Phase III

April 19, 2013 9:10 am / 3 Comments on Lilly’s diabetes drug dulaglutide shines again in Phase III


Lilly's diabetes drug dulaglutide shines again in Phase III

STRUCTURAL FORMULA OF DULAGLUTIDE
Monomer
HGEGTFTSDV SSYLEEQAAK EFIAWLVKGG GGGGGSGGGG SGGGGSAESK 50
YGPPCPPCPA PEAAGGPSVF LFPPKPKDTL MISRTPEVTC VVVDVSQEDP 100
EVQFNWYVDG VEVHNAKTKP REEQFNSTYR VVSVLTVLHQ DWLNGKEYKC 150
KVSNKGLPSS IEKTISKAKG QPREPQVYTL PPSQEEMTKN QVSLTCLVKG 200
FYPSDIAVEW ESNGQPENNY KTTPPVLDSD GSFFLYSRLT VDKSRWQEGN 250
VFSCSVMHEA LHNHYTQKSL SLSLG 275
Disulfide bridges location
55-55′ 58-58′ 90-150 90′-150′ 196-254 196′-254′
MOLECULAR FORMULA C2646H4044N704O836S18
MOLECULAR WEIGHT 59.67 kDa

MANUFACTURER Eli Lilly and Company
CODE DESIGNATION LY2189265
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER 923950-08-7

http://www.ama-assn.org/resources/doc/usan/dulaglutide.pdf      FOR ALL DATA

Dulaglutide

APRIL 17, 2013

Eli Lilly has presented more promising late-stage data on its investigational long-acting diabetes drug dulaglutide.

The US major has presented top-line results from two Phase III studies from the five-trial AWARD programme. The first showed that dulaglutide demonstrated statistically superior reduction in HbA1c (blood sugar) levels compared to Sanofi’s Lantus (insulin glargine) at 52 weeks in patients with type 2 diabetes who were on metformin and glimeperide (AWARD-2). The second trial demonstrated that the drug, a once-weekly glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist, in combination with Lilly’s own Humalog (insulin lispro) was more effective than a Lantus/Humalog combo.

In October, Lilly posted impressive data from three other AWARD trials which showed that dulaglutide controlled HbA1c levels better than Byetta (exenatide), a drug Lilly helped develop before ending a collaboration with Amylin (since bought by Bristol-Myers Squibb and AstraZeneca), metformin and Merck & Co’s Januvia (sitagliptin).

Lilly stated that it expects to submit dulaglutide to regulatory authorities this year and present detailed data from the AWARD studies at scientific meetings in 2013 and 2014.

Links

www.lilly.com

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