Graphical abstract
Plus the 14 other new drugs marketed in 2010.

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Home » Posts tagged 'organic reactions' (Page 8)
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oxytocin
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ergometrine
Oxytocin/ergometrine (trade name Syntometrine) is an obstetric combination drug. The components are synthetically produced oxytocin, a human hormone produced in thehypothalamus, and ergometrine, an alpha-adrenergic, dopaminergic and serotonin (5-HT2) receptor agonist.
Both substances cause the uterus to contract. An injection of syntometrine is given in thethird stage of labor, just after the birth of the child, to facilitate delivery of the placenta and to prevent postpartum hemorrhage by causing smooth muscle tissue in the blood vessel walls to narrow, thereby reducing blood flow.
British Alliance Pharma plc has bought the complete rights for Novartis’ obstetric drug Syntometrine.
The Chippenham-based specialty company already owns the UK rights to Syntometrine, an obstetric drug used in the final stage of labour. With the US$11.5m deal, Alliance Pharma adds Novartis’ assets in other countries to its portfolio. read all at
http://www.eurobiotechnews.eu/news/news/2013-02/alliance-pharma-bags-novartis-drug.html

Technology transfer is helpful to develop dosage forms in various ways as it provides efficiency in process, maintains quality of product, helps to achieve standardized process which facilitates cost effective production. It is the process by which an original innovator of technology makes its technology available to commercial partner that will exploit the technology.
Technology transfer is both integral and critical to drug discovery and development for new medicinal products. The cost of product development raises during pilot scale-up and initial production batch i.e. the critical path for success is dependent on completion of technology transfer to the production site at an affordable cost.
Technology transfer is defined as “The processes that are needed for successful progress from drug discovery to product development to clinical trials to full-scale commercialization.”
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memantine
Forest Announces U.S. Availability of New Once-Daily NAMENDA XR
— Treatment for moderate to severe Alzheimer’s Disease is now available to patients in a convenient extended release formulation —
NYSE:FRX.NEW YORK–(BUSINESS WIRE)–Forest Laboratories, Inc. announced today that NAMENDA XR(TM) (memantine hydrochloride) once-daily formulation is now available in pharmacies throughout the United States. NAMENDA XR is approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of moderate to severe dementia of the Alzheimer’s type.
http://www.pharmalive.com/once-daily-namenda-xr-launched-in-us
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Memantine is the first in a novel class of Alzheimer’s disease medications acting on theglutamatergic system by blocking NMDA-type glutamate receptors. It was first synthesized by Eli Lilly and Company in 1968. Memantine is marketed under the brandsAxura and Akatinol by Merz, Namenda by Forest, Ebixa and Abixa by Lundbeck andMemox by Unipharm. Memantine has been shown to have a modest effect in moderate-to-severe Alzheimer’s disease and in dementia with Lewy bodies. Despite years of research, there is little evidence of effect in mild Alzheimer’s disease.

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Omecamtiv mecarbil
A new drug which helps the heart pump more easily could improve the lives of thousands of people afflicted by debilitating heart failure, research suggests. Omecamtiv mecarbil is the first of a new class of drugs, called myosin activators, targeting proteins that make the heart contract. Rather than forcing the heart to beat more often, the drug causes heart muscles to contract for longer, increasing the volume of blood pumped out with each stroke. A British trial reported in The Lancet medical journal showed that omecamtiv mecarbil significantly improved the heart function of 45 heart failure patients.
Amgen, Cytokinetics expand collaboration
Amgen and Cytokinetics, a clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company, have expanded their strategic collaboration to include Japan. In 2006, Cytokinetics and Amgen entered into a collaboration to discover, develop and commercialize novel small-molecule therapeutics that activate cardiac muscle contractility for potential applications in the treatment of heart failure. Omecamtiv mecarbil is the most advanced drug candidate in this collaboration.
– See more at:
http://www.centerwatch.com//news-online/article/4852/amgen-cytokinetics-expand-collaboration

Omecamtiv mecarbil , previously codenamed CK-1827452, is a cardiac specific myosin activator. It is clinically tested for its role in the treatment of left ventricular systolic heart failure. Systolic heart failure is characterised as a decreased cardiac output (<40% ejection fraction), due to decreased stroke volume, resulting in the inability to meet the metabolic demands of the body. The loss of contraction is caused by a reduced number of effective actin-myosin cross bridges in the left ventricular myocytes.

One possible underlying mechanism is altered signal transduction that interferes with excitation-contraction coupling. A decreased cardiac output causes peripheral hypotension and activation of the sympathetic nervous system. This in turn stimulates the cardiac myocytes excessively, eventually leading to left ventricular hypertrophy, characteristic of chronic heart failure. Some symptoms of systolic heart failure are fatigue, peripheral oedema, dyspnoea, exercise intolerance and breathlessness. Current inotropic drug therapies such as dobutamine, are palliative and not a cure. They also cause many adverse effects including arrhythmias related to increased myocardical oxygen consumption, desensitization of adrenergic receptors and altering intracellular calcium levels. Thus systolic heart failure is considered malignant, however the novel mechanism of Omecamtiv Mecarbil is a hopeful long-term resolution.


Heart failure is often caused after the heart has suffered significant damage, this is something that can occur during a heart attack. A failing heart cannot provide sufficient blood flow to the body. Natasha Steward works for the British Heart Foundation (BHF) as a senior cardiac nurse. She has stated that, “it does seem that using certain doses of Omecamtiv Mercabil can offer some improvement to a damaged heart.”
Stewart also commented that, “This is a very early stage for the drug, the study we have seen here only took place for a very short time and with a small number of patients. Before we can say this drug is safe for use and will be effective, clinical trials of a much greater scale will need to be conducted.”
The BHF runs the Mending Broken Hearts campaign which raises money in the hope of finding a cure for heart failure. The campaign hopes to raise over £50m to spend on research to help the quarter of a million people who suffer from heart failure in the UK.

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Synacthen (tetracosactide)
Questcor’s stock leapt nearly 40% during trading yesterday as investors welcomed its $135m-plus purchase of Novartis’ rival immune drug Synacthen.
The US speciality pharma said it has bought rights to develop Synacthen (tetracosactide) and Synacthen Depot in its domestic market, and potentially some other regions (subject to closing conditions).
read all at
http://www.pharmatimes.com/Article/13-06-11/Questcor_stock_swells_on_Novartis_drug_buy.aspx
Tetracosactide (marketed under the brand name Synacthen) is a synthetic analogue consisting of the first 24 amino acids of the naturally occurring adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH). It is known to be used as a doping agent to increase the secretion of glucocorticoids by adrenal glands.
solithromycin
(3aS,4R,7S,9R,10R,11R,13R,15R,15aR)-1-[4-[4-(3-aminophenyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-1-yl]butyl]-4-ethyl-7-fluorooctahydro-11-methoxy-3a,7,9,11,13,15-hexamethyl-10-{[3,4,6-trideoxy-3-(dimethylamino)-β-D–xylo-hexopyranosyl]oxy}-2H-Oxacyclotetradecino[4,3-d]oxazole-2,6,8,14(1H,7H,9H)-tetrone
| Legal status | Phase III clinical trials, North America, South America, Europe |
|---|---|
| Routes | oral, intravenous |
| Identifiers | |
| CAS number | 760981-83-7 |
Cempra Provides Guidance on the Clinical Program Required for Regulatory …
The Herald | HeraldOnline.com
The Phase 3 solithromycin clinical program in CABP will be planned to consist of an oral trial and an intravenous (IV)-to-oral clinical trial. Cempra followed the CABP guidance that the FDA proposed in a November, 2011, meeting of the Anti-Infective …
READ ALL AT
http://www.heraldonline.com/2013/06/13/4944834/cempra-provides-guidance-on-the.html
Solithromycin (formerly known as CEM-101 and OP-1068) is a novel ketolide antibiotic undergoing clinical development for the treatment of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) and other infections.It is expected to be the first macrolide antibiotic available in intravenous, oral, and pediatric suspension formulations in over 20 years.
Solithromycin exhibits excellent in vitro activity against a broad spectrum of Gram-positive respiratory tract pathogens, including macrolide-resistant strains. Solithromycin has activity against a wide variety of pathogens, and further research is being conducted for other infections.
June 13, 2013 — The U.S. Food and Drug Administration today expanded the approved use of Xgeva (denosumab) to treat adults and some adolescents with giant cell tumor of the bone (GCTB), a rare and usually non-cancerous tumor.
GCTB generally occurs in adults between the ages of 20 and 40 years. In most cases, GCTB does not spread to other parts of the body but destroys normal bone as it grows, causing pain, limited range of motion and bone fractures. Rarely, GCTB can transform into a cancerous tumor and spread to the lungs.
Xgeva is a monoclonal antibody that binds to RANKL, a protein essential for maintenance of healthy bone. RANKL is also present in GCTB. Xgeva is intended for patients whose GCTB cannot be surgically removed (unresectable) or when surgery is likely to result in severe morbidity, such as loss of limbs or joint removal. It should only be used in adolescents whose bones have matured
http://www.drugs.com/newdrugs/fda-approves-xgeva-giant-cell-tumor-bone-3815.html

Denosumab is a fully human monoclonal antibody for the treatment of osteoporosis, treatment-induced bone loss, bone metastases, rheumatoid arthritis, multiple myeloma, and giant cell tumor of bone. It was developed by the biotechnology companyAmgen.
Denosumab is designed to inhibit RANKL (RANK ligand), a protein that acts as the primary signal for bone removal. In many bone loss conditions, RANKL overwhelms the body’s natural defenses against bone destruction.
In June 2010, denosumab was approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for use in postmenopausal women with risk of osteoporosis under the trade nameProlia, and in November 2010, as Xgeva, for the prevention of skeleton-related events in patients with bone metastases from solid tumors.Denosumab is the first RANKL inhibitor to be approved by the FDA. In the summer of 2011 clinical trials were investigating denosumab in giant cell tumors, multiple myeloma with bone metastases, and hypercalcemia of malignancy, and further investigating its dosing and safety.
| Synthetic approaches to the 2010 new drugsReview Article Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry, Volume 20, Issue 3, 1 February 2012, Pages 1155-1174 Kevin K.-C. Liu, Subas M. Sakya, Christopher J. O’Donnell, Andrew C. Flick, Hong X. Ding |
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Plus the 14 other new drugs marketed in 2010.

STRUCTURAL FORMULA ,Trebananib, AMG-386
Monomer
MDKTHTCPPC PAPELLGGPS VFLFPPKPKD TLMISRTPEV TCVVVDVSHE 50
DPEVKFNWYV DGVEVHNAKT KPREEQYNST YRVVSVLTVL HQDWLNGKEY 100
KCKVSNKALP APIEKTISKA KGQPREPQVY TLPPSRDELT KNQVSLTCLV 150
KGFYPSDIAV EWESNGQPEN NYKTTPPVLD SDGSFFLYSK LTVDKSRWQQ 200
GNVFSCSVMH EALHNHYTQK SLSLSPGKGG GGGAQQEECE WDPWTCEHMG 250
SGSATGGSGS TASSGSGSAT HQEECEWDPW TCEHMLE 287
Disulfide bridges location
7-7′ 10-10′ 42-102 42′-102′ 148-206
148′-206′ 239-246 239′-246′ 275-282 275′-282′
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER 894356-79-7
MOLECULAR FORMULA C2794H4248N752O886S30
Trebananib
Immunoglobulin G1 (synthetic human Fc domain fragment) fusion protein with
angiopoietin 1/angiopoietin 2-binding peptide (synthetic)
http://www.ama-assn.org/resources/doc/usan/trebananib.pdf
http://www.genome.jp/dbget-bin/www_bget?dr:D10177
Amgen’s Experimental Ovarian Cancer Drug, Trebananib, Shows Positive …
Medical Daily
Amgen, a large biotechnology company out of Thousand Oaks, Calif. has announced that its drug for reoccurring ovarian cancer has shown positive results in Phase III clinical trials. The trials sought to stop the progression of ovarian cancer and extend …
read all at
