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DRUG APPROVALS BY DR ANTHONY MELVIN CRASTO
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South Africa-Health Benefits of Rooibos Tea
Possible therapeutic applications for Rooibos in the management of stress-related and metabolic diseases
http://www.chemistryviews.org/details/news/5309541/Health_Benefits_of_Rooibos_Tea.html
Health Benefits of Rooibos Tea
Medicine Can be Sweet
Medicine Can be Sweet
Glycosylated analogues of pramlintide were synthesized by a combination of solid-phase peptide synthesis and enzymatic glycosylation
http://www.chemistryviews.org/details/ezine/5275441/Medicine_Can_be_Sweet.html
Medicine Can be Sweet
Eli Lilly’s Profit Slides, Gets Priority Review for Ramucirumab
Eli Lilly’s third-quarter earnings fell 9 percent compared with last year, when the maker of Cymbalta and Cialis booked a sizeable revenue-sharing payment from a former drug developer partner.
The Indianapolis company beat Wall Street expectations for the quarter and narrowed its earnings forecast for the year.
Lilly also said Wednesday that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration will give its stomach cancer treatment ramucirumab a priority review, which means the drugmaker will learn about its fate inside of eight months rather than a year, which is the norm.
read at
http://www.dddmag.com/news/2013/10/eli-lillys-profit-slides-gets-priority-review
cut paste old article
Eli Lilly and Co. announced that results from the Phase 3 REGARD trial of ramucirumab (IMC-1121B) as a single agent in patients with advanced gastric cancer who have had disease progression after initial chemotherapy were published today in The Lancet. REGARD is the first Phase 3 study with either a single-agent biologic or an anti-angiogenic therapy to show improved overall survival and progression-free survival in advanced gastric cancer patients.
READ ALL AT
Ramucirumab (IMC-1121B)[1] is a fully human monoclonal antibody (IgG1) being developed for the treatment of solid tumors. It is directed against the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2). By binding to VEGFR2 it works as a receptor antagonist blocking the binding of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) to VEGFR2. VEGFR2 is known to mediate the majority of the downstream effects of VEGF inangiogenesis.
Ramucirumab is being tested in several phase III clinical trials for the treatment of metastatic gastric adenocarcinoma,[2] non-small cell lung cancer,[3] among other types of cancer. On September 26, 2013 Eli Lilly announced that its Phase III study for ramucirumab failed to hit its primary endpoint on progression-free survival among women with metastatic breast cancer.[4][5]
This drug was developed by ImClone Systems Inc. It was isolated from a native phage display library from Dyax.
- Statement On A Nonproprietary Name Adopted By The USAN Council – Ramucirumab, American Medical Association.
- ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01170663 A Study of Paclitaxel With or Without Ramucirumab in Metastatic Gastric Adenocarcinoma (RAINBOW)
- ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01168973 A Study in Second Line Non Small Cell Lung Cancer
- ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00703326 Phase III Study of Docetaxel + Ramucirumab or Placebo in Breast Cancer
- Fierce Biotech. “In another stinging setback, Eli Lilly’s ramucirumab fails PhIII breast cancer study”. Retrieved 27 September 2013.
Positive Review For Gilead’s Hep C Drug Sofosbuvir
Sofosbuvir
Isopropyl (2S)-2-[[[(2R,3R,4R,5R)-5-(2,4-dioxopyrimidin-1-yl)-4-fluoro-3-hydroxy-4-methyl-tetrahydrofuran-2-yl]methoxy-phenoxy-phosphoryl]amino]propanoate
http://www.ama-assn.org/resources/doc/usan/sofosbuvir.pdf –for cas no
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has issued a positive review for a highly anticipated hepatitis C drug from Gilead Sciences, saying the pill cures more patients in less time than currently available treatments.
The agency posted its review of Gilead’s sofosbuvir online ahead of a meeting Friday where government experts will vote on whether to recommend the drug’s approval.
old article cut paste
Jun. 7, 2013– Gilead Sciences, Inc. today announced that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has granted priority review to the company’s New Drug Application (NDA) for sofosbuvir, a once-daily oral nucleotide analogue inhibitor for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. The FDA grants priority review status to drug candidates that may offer major advances in treatment over existing options. Gilead filed the NDA for sofosbuvir on April 8, 2013, and FDA has set a target review date under the Prescription Drug User Fee Act (PDUFA) of December 8, 2013.
The data submitted in this NDA support the use of sofosbuvir and ribavirin (RBV) as an all-oral therapy for patients with genotype 2 and 3 HCV infection, and for sofosbuvir in combination with RBV and pegylated interferon (peg-IFN) for treatment-naïve patients with genotype 1, 4, 5 and 6 HCV infection.
Sofosbuvir is an investigational product and its safety and efficacy have not yet been established.
About Gilead Sciences
Gilead Sciences is a biopharmaceutical company that discovers, develops and commercializes innovative therapeutics in areas of unmet medical need. The company’s mission is to advance the care of patients suffering from life-threatening diseases worldwide. Headquartered in Foster City, California, Gilead has operations in North America, Europe and Asia Pacific.
Sofosbuvir (formerly PSI-7977 or GS-7977) is an experimental drug candidate for the treatment of hepatitis C.[1] It was discovered at Pharmasset and then acquired for development by Gilead Sciences. It is currently in Phase III clinical trials.[2]
Sofosbuvir is a prodrug that is metabolized to the active antiviral agent 2′-deoxy-2′-α-fluoro-β-C-methyluridine-5′-monophosphate.[3]
Sofosbuvir is a nucleotide analogue inhibitor of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) polymerase.[4] The HCV polymerase or NS5B protein is a RNA-dependent RNA polymerase critical for the viral cycle.
Sofosbuvir is being studied in combination with pegylated interferon and ribavirin, with ribavirin alone, and with other direct-acting antiviral agents.[5] It has shown excellent clinical efficacy when used either with pegylated interferon/ribavirin or in interferon-free combinations. In particular, combinations of sofosbuvir with NS5A inhibitors, such as daclatasvir or GS-5885, have shown sustained virological response rates of up to 100% in people infected with HCV.[6]
Data from the ELECTRON trial showed that a dual interferon-free regimen of sofosbuvir plus ribavirin produced a 24-week post-treatment sustained virological response (SVR24) rate of 100% for previously untreated patients with HCV genotypes 2 or 3.[7][8]
Data presented at the 20th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections in March 2013 showed that a triple regimen of sofosbuvir, ledipasvir (formerly GS-5885), and ribavirin produced a 12-week post-treatment sustained virological response (SVR12) rate of 100% for both treatment-naive patients and prior non-responders with HCV genotype 1.[9]Gilead has developed a sofosbuvir + ledipasvir coformulation that is being tested with and without ribavirin.
- Sofia, M. J.; Bao, D.; Chang, W.; Du, J.; Nagarathnam, D.; Rachakonda, S.; Reddy, P. G.; Ross, B. S. et al. (2010). “Discovery of a β-d-2′-Deoxy-2′-α-fluoro-2′-β-C-methyluridine Nucleotide Prodrug (PSI-7977) for the Treatment of Hepatitis C Virus”. Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 53 (19): 7202–7218. doi:10.1021/jm100863x. PMID 20845908. edit
- “PSI-7977″. Gilead Sciences.
- Murakami, E.; Tolstykh, T.; Bao, H.; Niu, C.; Steuer, H. M. M.; Bao, D.; Chang, W.; Espiritu, C. et al. (2010). “Mechanism of Activation of PSI-7851 and Its Diastereoisomer PSI-7977″. Journal of Biological Chemistry 285 (45): 34337–34347.doi:10.1074/jbc.M110.161802. PMC 2966047. PMID 20801890. edit
- Alejandro Soza (November 11, 2012). “Sofosbuvir”. Hepaton.
- Tom Murphy (November 21, 2011). “Gilead Sciences to buy Pharmasset for $11 billion”. Bloomberg Businessweek.
- http://www.gilead.com/pr_1757156
- AASLD: PSI-7977 plus Ribavirin Can Cure Hepatitis C in 12 Weeks without Interferon. Highleyman, L. HIVandHepatitis.com. 8 November 2011.
- Nucleotide Polymerase Inhibitor Sofosbuvir plus Ribavirin for Hepatitis C. Gane, E et al. New England Journal of Medicine 368:3444. January 3, 2013.
- CROI 2013: Sofosbuvir + Ledipasvir + Ribavirin Combo for HCV Produces 100% Sustained Response. Highleyman, L. HIVandHepatitis.com. 4 March 2013.
GSK and Genmab seek FDA approval for ofatumumab combination therapy for CLL first-line treatment
GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) and Genmab have submitted a supplemental Biologics License Application (sBLA) to the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) seeking the use of Arzerra (ofatumumab) in combination with an alkylator-based therapy in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) who have not received prior treatment.
READ AT
GSK and Genmab seek FDA approval for ofatumumab combination therapy for CLL first-line treatment
Iroko Pharmaceuticals Receives FDA Approval for ZORVOLEX™
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, October 18, 2013 – Iroko Pharmaceuticals, LLC, a global specialty pharmaceutical company dedicated to advancing the science of analgesia, today announced that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved ZORVOLEX™ (diclofenac) capsules, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), for the treatment of mild to moderate acute pain in adults[i]. ZORVOLEX was approved at dosage strengths that are 20 percent lower than currently available diclofenac products. FDA approval of ZORVOLEX was supported by data from a Phase 3 multi-center, randomized study in which patients treated with ZORVOLEX reported significant pain relief compared with patients receiving placebo
Health Canada approves Levemir® FlexTouch® prefilled insulin pen for the treatment of type 1 and type 2 diabetes
MISSISSAUGA, ON, Oct. 18, 2013 /CNW/ – Novo Nordisk today announced that Health Canada has approved Levemir® FlexTouch®, a disposable prefilled insulin pen containing Levemir® (insulin detemir). Levemir® FlexTouch® has been designed to improve ease of use for insulin administration and to help decrease barriers to good treatment adherence for Canadians living with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus (diabetes).
The approval was also announced at the 2013 Vascular Conference in Montreal, Quebec.
Health Canada approves Levemir® FlexTouch® prefilled insulin pen for the treatment of type 1 and type 2 diabetes
http://www.pharmalive.com/health-canada-approves-levemir-flextouch
ALIROCUMAB
ALIROCUMAB
http://www.ama-assn.org/resources/doc/usan/alirocumab.pdf
Immunoglobulin G1, anti-(human neural apoptosis-regulated proteinase 1) (human REGN727 heavy chain), disulfide with human REGN727 κ-chain, dimer
Immunoglobulin G1, anti-(human proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9
(EC=3.4.21.-, neural apoptosis-regulated convertase 1, proprotein convertase 9,
subtilisin/kexin-like protease PC9)); human monoclonal REGN727 des-448-
lysine(CH3-K107)-1 heavy chain (221-220′)-disulfide with human monoclonal
REGN727 light chain dimer (227-227”:230-230”)-bisdisulfide
Clinical Trials for Compound
| Number of clinical trials registered at clinicaltrials.gov | 30 |
Biological Sequence
| Description | Sequence |
| Alirocumab heavy chain | EVQLVESGGGLVQPGGSLRLSCAASGFTFNNYAMNWVRQAPGKGLDWVSTISGSGGTTNY ADSVKGRFIISRDSSKHTLYLQMNSLRAEDTAVYYCAKDSNWGNFDLWGRGTLVTVSSAS TKGPSVFPLAPSSKSTSGGTAALGCLVKDYFPEPVTVSWNSGALTSGVHTFPAVLQSSGL YSLSSVVTVPSSSLGTQTYICNVNHKPSNTKVDKKVEPKSCDKTHTCPPCPAPELLGGPS VFLFPPKPKDTLMISRTPEVTCVVVDVSHEDPEVKFNWYVDGVEVHNAKTKPREEQYNST YRVVSVLTVLHQDWLNGKEYKCKVSNKALPAPIEKTISKAKGQPREPQVYTLPPSRDELT KNQVSLTCLVKGFYPSDIAVEWESNGQPENNYKTTPPVLDSDGSFFLYSKLTVDKSRWQQ GNVFSCSVMHEALHNHYTQKSLSLSPG |
| Alirocumab light chain | DIVMTQSPDSLAVSLGERATINCKSSQSVLYRSNNRNFLGWYQQKPGQPPNLLIYWASTR ESGVPDRFSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLQAEDVAVYYCQQYYTTPYTFGQGTKLEIKRTVAAPS VFIFPPSDEQLKSGTASVVCLLNNFYPREAKVQWKVDNALQSGNSQESVTEQDSKDSTYS LSSTLTLSKADYEKHKVYACEVTHQGLSSPVTKSFNRGEC |
1245916-14-6 CAS
C6472H9996N1736O2032S42
Alirocumab is a human monoclonal antibody designed for the treatment of hypercholesterolemia.[1]
This drug was discovered by Regeneron Pharmaceuticals and is being co-developed by Regeron and Sanofi.
When the results from Phase II trials of Sanofi and Regeneron’s proprotein convertase subtilisin kexin 9 (PCSK9) inhibitor alirocumab were presented in March, they stunned even the company representatives working on the trials. “I’m still amazed by the reduction in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) that we saw with our drug,” says Bill Sasiela, vice president of cardiovascular and metabolic research at Regeneron. The monoclonal antibody (mAb) reduced LDL-C levels by up to 73% in three mid-stage trials, irrespective of baseline LDL-C levels or background treatment, offering hope for millions of patients who can’t hit the recommended cholesterol targets with statins — the standard therapies for lowering LDL-C levels in patients with cardiovascular disease. Spurred on by these results, Sanofi and Regeneron geared up into Phase III trials of the first-in-class alirocumab (also known as REGN727 and SAR236553) over the summer, and initiated the latest and largest trial — an 18,000-patient outcomes study
It is a Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9, (also known as PCSK9) inhibitor . Phase III trials showed a 47% reduction in LDL-C. There was a high rate of adverse events with 69% experiencing side effects (most common problem was infection).
About PCSK9 PCSK9 is known to be a determinant of circulating LDL levels, as it binds to LDL receptors resulting in their degradation so that fewer are available on liver cells to remove excess LDL-cholesterol from the blood. Moreover, traditional LDL-lowering therapies such as statins actually stimulate the production of PCSK9, which limits their own ability to lower LDL-cholesterol. Blocking the PCSK9 pathway is therefore a potentially novel mechanism for lowering LDL-cholesterol.
Alirocumab is an investigational, fully-human monoclonal antibody that targets and blocks PCSK9. It is administered via subcutaneous injection. By inhibiting PCSK9, a determinant of circulating LDL-C levels in the blood, alirocumab has been shown in pre-clinical studies to increase the number of LDL receptors on hepatocytes, thereby lowering LDL-C.
The investigational agent described above is currently under clinical development and its safety and efficacy have not been fully evaluated by any regulatory authority
References
- Statement On A Nonproprietary Name Adopted By The USAN Council – Alirocumab, American Medical Association.
PARIS and TARRYTOWN, N.Y., Oct. 16, 2013 /PRNewswire via COMTEX/ — Sanofi and Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc. REGN -1.73% today announced that the Phase 3 ODYSSEY MONO trial with alirocumab, an investigational monoclonal antibody targeting PCSK9 (proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9), met its primary efficacy endpoint. The mean low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C, or “bad” cholesterol) reduction from baseline to week 24, the primary efficacy endpoint of the study, was significantly greater in patients randomized to alirocumab, as compared to patients randomized to ezetimibe (47.2% vs. 15.6%, p<0.0001). In the trial, which employed a dose increase (up-titration) for patients who did not achieve an LDL-C level of 70 milligrams/deciliter (mg/dL), the majority of patients remained on the initial low dose of alirocumab of 75 milligrams (mg). read at
Pipeline of selected PCSK9 inhibitors
| Drug name | Companies | Modality | Clinical phase |
|---|---|---|---|
| Alirocumab (also known as REGN727 and SAR236553) | Regeneron/Sanofi | Monoclonal antibody | III |
| AMG145 | Amgen | Monoclonal antibody | II |
| LGT209 | Novartis | Monoclonal antibody | II |
| RG7652 | Roche/Genentech | Monoclonal antibody | II |
| RN316 | Pfizer | Monoclonal antibody | II |
| BMS-962476 | Bristol-Myers Squibb | Adnectin | I |
| ALN-PCS | Alnylam | RNA interference | I |
| ISIS-405879/BMS-844421 | Isis/Bristol-Myers Squibb | Antisense | Discontinued |
| PCSK9, proprotein convertase subtilisin kexin 9. | |||
New Drug Approvals 