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DRUG APPROVALS BY DR ANTHONY MELVIN CRASTO
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FDA Approves Osphena,Ospemifene for Postmenopausal Women Experiencing Dyspareunia
Ospemifene
CAS Number: 128607-22-7
Molecular Formula: C24H23ClO2
Molecular Weight: 378.89 g.mol-1
February 26, 2013 — The U.S. Food and Drug Administration today approved Osphena (ospemifene) to treat women experiencing moderate to severe dyspareunia (pain during sexual intercourse), a symptom of vulvar and vaginal atrophy due to menopause.
Dyspareunia is a condition associated with declining levels of estrogen hormones during menopause. Less estrogen can make vaginal tissues thinner, drier and more fragile, resulting in pain during sexual intercourse.
Osphena, a pill taken with food once daily, acts like estrogen on vaginal tissues to make them thicker and less fragile, resulting in a reduction in the amount of pain women experience with sexual intercourse.
“Dyspareunia is among the problems most frequently reported by postmenopausal women,” said Victoria Kusiak, M.D., deputy director of the Office of Drug Evaluation III in the FDA’s Center for Drug Evaluation and Research. “Osphena provides an additional treatment option for women seeking relief.”
Osphena’s safety and effectiveness were established in three clinical studies of 1,889 postmenopausal women with symptoms of vulvar and vaginal atrophy. Women were randomly assigned to receive Osphena or a placebo. After 12 weeks of treatment, results from the first two trials showed a statistically significant improvement of dyspareunia in Osphena-treated women compared with women receiving placebo. Results from the third study support Osphena’s long-term safety in treating dyspareunia.
Common side effects reported during clinical trials included hot flush/flashes, vaginal discharge, muscle spasms, genital discharge and excessive sweating.
Osphena is marketed by Florham Park, N.J.-based Shionogi, Inc.
- Shionogi Files a New Drug Application for Ospemifene Oral Tablets 60mg for the Treatment of Vulvar and Vaginal Atrophy – May 9, 2012
Immune begins Phase II study of ulcerative colitis drug, Bertilimumab
| Monoclonal antibody | |
|---|---|
| Type | Whole antibody |
| Source | Human |
| Target | CCL11 (eotaxin-1) |
phase 2 NCT01671956; C2a/BRT/UC-01
A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study Designed to Evaluate the Safety, Clinical Efficacy, and Pharmacokinetic Profile of Bertilimumab in Subjects With Active Moderate to Severe Ulcerative Colitis
25 February 2013
Immune Pharmaceuticals has started Phase II study of its bertilimumab (iCo-008 or CAT-213) drug, designed for the treatment of moderate-to-severe ulcerative colitis.
Bertilimumab is a human immunoglobulin monoclonal antibody which targets eotaxin-1, a member of the chemokine family of proteins regulating eosinophilic inflammation.
The double-blind, parallel group, randomized, placebo-controlled 90 patients-based study is designed to demonstrate the safety, clinical efficacy, and pharmacokinetic profile of bertilimumab in subjects with active moderate-to-severe ulcerative colitis.
60 patients in the study will be treated with bertilimumab 7mg/kg, while 30 patients with placebo every two weeks at days 0, 14, and 28, according to the company.
In addition, the patients will be evaluated for clinical response after six weeks to determine the decrease if any in the full Mayo Clinic Ulcerative Colitis Score.
Secondary and exploratory end points of the study include clinical remission defined as symptom free, fecal calprotectin, a recognized marker of gastro-intestinal inflammation, histopathology improvement and degree of mucosal injury.
The company, which is expecting to follow-up the patients for up to day 90, said the patient enrollment and clinical results are likely to be completed in 2014.
The company has also announced that bertilimumab will be the lead clinical stage development drug for the combined company following completion of the proposed merger with EpiCept in the second quarter of 2013.
Bertilimumab is a human monoclonal antibody that binds to eotaxin-1, an important regulator of overall eosinophil function.
patent WO00166754
It was discovered by Cambridge Antibody Technology using their phage displaytechnology.[1] Named CAT-213 during early discovery and development by CAT, it was to be used to treat severe allergic disorders.[2]
In January 2007, CAT licensed the drug for treatment of allergy disorders to iCo Therapeutics Inc.[3] iCo Therapeutics Inc. is a Vancouver-based reprofiling company focused on redosing or reformulating drugs with clinical history for new or expanded indications – a so-called ‘search and development company’.[4]
iCo Therapeutics Inc. renamed the drug from CAT-213 to iCo-008 and, at that stage, planned to initiate a Phase II clinical trial in patients with vernal keratoconjunctivitis.[5]
In March 2008, iCo announced iCo-008 had been in 126 patients in Phase I and II clinical trials. The drug substance had been manufactured by Lonza, in its cGMP facilities inSlough, UK. Subsequently iCo moved the drug substance to a fill-finish site for the final stage of manufacturing. iCo reported that the iCo-008 drug product was within specifications and contained a high antibody yield.[6]
In June 2011, IMMUNE Pharmaceuticals[7] (Herzliya, Israel) in-licensed Bertilimumab from iCo for non-ophthalmic indications. [8]IMMUNE is initiating Phase II clinical trials of Bertilimumab in inflammatory bowel disease (ulcerative colitis & Crohn’s disease) in 2012 and 2013.
- http://jpet.aspetjournals.org/cgi/content/abstract/319/3/1395
- Bertilimumab Cambridge Antibody Technology Group. 5. November 2004. pp. 1213–8. PMID 15573873.
- http://www.icotherapeutics.com/site/investor-relations/cambridge_antibody_tech_licenses_monoclonal_antibody_treatment_allergy/
- http://www.icotherapeutics.com/site/corporate_overview/overview/
- http://www.icotherapeutics.com/site/pipeline/ico008/
- http://www.icotherapeutics.com/site/investor-relations/ico_therapeutics_provides_ico_008_phase_ii_clinical_update/
- http://immunepharmaceuticals.com/
- http://immunepharmaceuticals.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=32&Itemid=20
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DR ANTHONY MELVIN CRASTO Ph.D , Born in Mumbai in 1964 and graduated from Mumbai University, Completed his PhD from ICT ,1991, Mumbai, India in Organic chemistry, The thesis topic was Synthesis of Novel Pyrethroid Analogues,
Currently he is working with GLENMARK- GENERICS LTD, Research centre as Principal Scientist, Process Research (bulk actives) at Mahape, Navi Mumbai, India.
Prior to joining Glenmark, he worked with major multinationals like Hoechst Marion Roussel, now Sanofi Aventis, & Searle India ltd, now Rpg lifesciences, etc. He has worked in Basic research, Neutraceuticals, Natural products, Flavors, Fragrances, Pheromones, Vet Drugs, Drugs, formulation, GMP etc. He has total 25 yrs exp in this field, he is now helping millions, has million hits on google on all organic chemistry websites.
His New Drug Approvals , Green Chemistry International, Eurekamoments in Organic Chemistry , Organic Chemistry by Dr Anthony, WIX BLOG , are some most read chemistry blogs
He has hands on experience in initiation and developing novel routes for drug molecules and implementation them on commercial scale over a 25 year tenure, good knowledge of IPM, GMP, Regulatory aspects, he has several international drug patents published worldwide .
He has good proficiency in Technology Transfer, Spectroscopy , Stereochemistry , Synthesis, Reactions in Org Chem , Polymorphism, Pharmaceuticals , Medicinal chemistry , Organic chemistry literature , Patent related site , Green chemistry , Reagents , R & D , Molecules , Heterocyclic chem , Sourcing etc
He suffered a paralytic stroke in dec 2007 and is bound to a wheelchair, this seems to have injected feul in him to help chemists around the world, he is more active than before and is pushing boundaries, he has one lakh connections on all networking sites, He makes himself available to all, contact him on +91 9323115463, amcrasto@gmail.com
FDA Approves Stivarga, Regorafenib for Advanced Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors
Regorafenib
cas 755037-03-7
4-[4-({[4-Chloro-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]carbamoyl}amino)-3-fluorophenoxy]-N-methylpyridine-2-carboxamide hydrate
February 25, 2013 — The U.S. Food and Drug Administration today expanded the approved use of Stivarga (regorafenib) to treat patients with advanced gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) that cannot be surgically removed and no longer respond to other FDA-approved treatments for this disease.
GIST is a tumor in which cancerous cells form in the tissues of the gastrointestinal tract, part of the body’s digestive system. According to the National Cancer Institute, an estimated 3,300 to 6,000 new cases of GIST occur yearly in the United States, most often in older adults.
Stivarga, a multi-kinase inhibitor, blocks several enzymes that promote cancer growth. With this new approval, Stivarga is intended to be used in patients whose GIST cancer cannot be removed by surgery or has spread to other parts of the body (metastatic) and is no longer responding to Gleevec (imatinib) and Sutent (sunitinib), two other FDA-approved drugs to treat GIST.
“Stivarga is the third drug approved by the FDA to treat gastrointestinal stromal tumors,” said Richard Pazdur, M.D., director of the Office of Hematology and Oncology Products in the FDA’s Center for Drug Evaluation and Research. “It provides an important new treatment option for patients with GIST in which other approved drugs are no longer effective.”
Stivarga was approved in September 2012 to treat colorectal cancer. It is marketed by Bayer HealthCare Pharmaceuticals, based in Wayne, N.J. Gleevec is marketed by East Hanover, N.J.-based Novartis, and Sutent is marketed by New York City-based Pfizer.
Regorafenib (BAY 73-4506, commercial name Stivarga) is an oral multi-kinase inhibitor developed by Bayer which targets angiogenic, stromal and oncogenic receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK). Regorafenib shows anti-angiogenic activity due to its dual targetedVEGFR2-TIE2 tyrosine kinase inhibition. It is currently being studied as a potential treatment option in multiple tumor types.[1]
Metastatic colorectal cancer
Regorafenib demonstrated to increase the overall survival of patients with metastaticcolorectal cancer[2] and has been approved by the US FDA on September 27, 2012.[3]Stivarga is being approved with a Boxed Warning alerting patients and health care professionals that severe and fatal liver toxicity occurred in patients treated with Stivarga during clinical studies. The most common side effects reported in patients treated with Stivarga include weakness or fatigue, loss of appetite, hand-foot syndrome (also called palmar-plantar erythrodysesthesia), diarrhea, mouth sores (mucositis), weight loss, infection, high blood pressure, and changes in voice volume or quality (dysphonia).[4]
- “Bayer Announces New Data on Oncology Portfolio To Be Presented at the ECCO-ESMO Congress 2009”. Retrieved 2009-09-19.
- “Phase III Trial of Regorafenib in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Meets Primary Endpoint of Improving Overall Survival”. Retrieved 2011-10-26.
- “FDA approves new treatment for advanced colorectal cancer”. 27 Sep 2012.
- “FDA Prescribing Information”. 27 Sept 2012.
Researchers Begin Shigella Vaccine Trial , WRSs2 and WRSs3
FEB2013
PHASE 1 Safety and Immunogenicity of Two Live, Attenuated Oral Shigella Sonnei Vaccines WRSs2 and WRSs3
Phase 1, randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled, dose-escalation, inpatient study of single doses of S. sonnei. Enroll serial groups up to 90 subjects. Evaluate safety and tolerance of WRSs2 by monitoring presence and severity of clinical signs and symptoms, evaluate the immune response in blood and stool following ingestion of WRSs2
http://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT01336699
Shigellosis is one of those nasty bacterial diseases that follows the cringeworthy fecal-oral route to infect humans and other primates. Mild cases bring stomachaches; the severe end includes cramping, vomiting, fever, diarrhea, and it generally only gets more disgusting from there. While the disease can occur all over the world—estimates suggest ninety million cases of Shigellosis dysentery each year—the greatest mortality occurs in the third world. Hoping to stem transmission, or, at least, minimize the damage it causes, the World Health Organization has long called for a vaccine to stop Shigella infection.
And, today, scientists are one step closer. The National Institutes of Health announced that two Shigella vaccine have entered early-stage human clinical trials:
Researchers have launched an early-stage human clinical trial of two related candidate vaccines to prevent infection with Shigella, bacteria that are a significant cause of diarrheal illness, particularly among children. The Phase 1 clinical trial, funded by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), part of the National Institutes of Health, will evaluate the vaccines for safety and their ability to induce immune responses among 90 healthy adults ages 18 to 45 years. The trial is being conducted at the Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, one of the eight NIAID-funded Vaccine and Treatment Evaluation Units in the United States.
Researchers have launched an early-stage human clinical trial of two related candidate vaccines to prevent infection with Shigella, bacteria that are a significant cause of diarrheal illness, particularly among children. The Phase I clinical trial, funded by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), part of the National Institutes of Health, will evaluate the vaccines for safety and their ability to induce immune responses among 90 healthy adults ages 18 to 45 years. The trial is being conducted at the Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, one of the eight NIAID-funded Vaccine and Treatment Evaluation Units in the United States ….
…. Led by principal investigator Robert W. Frenck, Jr., M.D., director of clinical medicine at Cincinnati Children’s, the new clinical trial will evaluate two related candidate vaccines, known as WRSs2 and WRSs3, which have been found to be safe and effective when tested in guinea pigs and nonhuman primates. Both target Shigella sonnei, one of the bacteria’s four subtypes and the cause of most shigellosis outbreaks in developed and newly industrialized countries. Though neither candidate vaccine has been tested in humans, a precursor to both, known as WRSs1, was found to be safe and generated an immune response in small human trials in the United States and Israel. This early work was supported by NIAID, the U.S. Department of Defense and the Walter Reed Army Institute of Research. All three versions of the vaccine were developed by researchers at the Walter Reed institute.
Sanofi Pasteur has received a positive opinion from the European Medicines Agency’s Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use (CHMP) recommending market approval for Sanofi Pasteur’s 6-in-1 pediatric vaccine Hexyon/Hexacima (DTaP-IPV-Hib-HepB vaccine).
FEB22,2013
French drug major Sanofi’s vaccines subsidiary Sanofi Pasteur has received a positive opinion from the European Medicines Agency’s Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use (CHMP) recommending market approval for Sanofi Pasteur’s 6-in-1 pediatric vaccine Hexyon/Hexacima (DTaP-IPV-Hib-HepB vaccine).
Hexyon/Hexacima is the only fully liquid, ready-to-use, 6-in-1 vaccine to protect infants against diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis (whooping cough), Hepatitis B, poliomyelitis and invasive infections caused by Haemophilus influenzae type b.
The new vaccine will be commercialized under the brand name Hexyon in Western European countries by Sanofi Pasteur MSD, the joint venture between US pharma giant Merck & Co and Sanofi Pasteur, and under the brand name Hexacima in Eastern European countries by Sanofi Pasteur.
“Availability of Hexyon/Hexacima ready-to-use, 6-in-1 pediatric vaccine will raise the standard of care of vaccination for millions of children. It reduces the number of vaccination visits for infants and it is more convenient for parents to complete the recommended vaccination schedule and thus better protect their children against six major childhood diseases,” said Olivier Charmeil, president and chief executive of Sanofi Pasteur, adding: “Upon licensure, we intend to introduce Hexyon/Hexacima vaccine in countries that are looking for improved and effective solutions for public immunization programs.”
Key benefits of Hexyon/Hexacima vaccine
According to Sanofi, the key benefits of Hexyon/Hexacima include the following:
• Hexyon/Hexacima is a fully liquid, ready-to-use vaccine; no reconstitution is needed prior to administration, which improves convenience for health care professionals. It is available in vial and pre-filled syringe presentations;
• by combining six vaccines into one, the vaccine reduces the number of injections, which improves comfort and vaccination compliance for infants, and
• the use of acP (acellular pertussis) antigens and IPV (inactivated poliovirus vaccine) improves safety and reduces reactogenicity as compared to wcP (whole cell pertussis)-containing vaccines and OPV (oral polio vaccine).
Assuming licensure, Hexyon/Hexacima would be indicated for primary and booster vaccination of infants from six weeks of age in accordance with official recommendations. The CHMP positive opinion is supported by results of multi-center clinical studies involving around 5,000 infants. Phase III clinical studies comparing Hexyon/Hexacima to licensed combination vaccines demonstrated that the vaccine is safe and induces a robust immune response against all six targeted diseases.
Medical Imaging Drugs Advisory Committee Recommends Approval of Guerbet NDA for Dotarem (gadoterate meglumine)
| Cas No. | 98059-18-8 |
| Name | 2-[4,7-bis(carboxylatomethyl)-10-(carboxymethyl)-1,4,7, 10-tetrazacyclododec-1-yl]acetate; gadolinium(3+); (2R,3R,4R,5S)-6-(methylamino)hexane-1,2,3,4,5-pentol |
Dotarem (gadoterate meglumine)
Company: Guerbet
Treatment for: Diagnostic
Dotarem (gadoterate meglumine) is a gadolinium-based contrast agent under review for use in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
VILLEPINTE, France, Feb. 14, 2013 Guerbet, the contrast agent specialist for medical imaging, today announced that the Medical Imaging Drugs Advisory Committee to US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has voted unanimously by votes of 17 to 0 to recommend that FDA approve the New Drug Application (NDA) for Dotarem (gadoterate meglumine) for adults, and for pediatric use for children two years of age and older. The Committee voted 10 to 6 (with one member abstaining) not to recommend at this time approval of the indication for children under two years of age.
Dotarem is the only macrocyclic and ionic gadolinium-based contrast agent (GBCA) for the intravenous use with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the brain (intracranial), spine and associated tissues in adults and pediatric patients to detect and visualize areas with disruption of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and/or abnormal vascularity. The Guerbet NDA recommended dose is 0.1 mmol Gd/kg.
Gadoteric acid
Gadoteric acid (trade names Artirem, Dotarem) is a macrocycle-structured gadolinium-based MRI contrast agent. It consists of the organic acid DOTA as a chelating agent, and gadolinium (Gd3+), and is used in form of the meglumine salt.[1] The drug is approved and used in a number of countries worldwide.[2]
References
- Herborn, C. U.; Honold, E.; Wolf, M.; Kemper, J.; Kinner, S.; Adam, G.; Barkhausen, J. (2007). “Clinical Safety and Diagnostic Value of the Gadolinium Chelate Gadoterate Meglumine (Gd-DOTA)”. Investigative Radiology 42 (1): 58–62. doi:10.1097/01.rli.0000248893.01067.e5. PMID 17213750. edit
- Drugs.com: Gadoteric Acid
A gadolinium chelate paramagnetic contrast agent. When placed in a magnetic field, gadoterate meglumine produces a large magnetic moment and so a large local magnetic field, which can enhance the relaxation rate of nearby protons; as a result, the signal intensity of tissue images observed with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) may be enhanced. Because this agent is preferentially taken up by normal functioning hepatocytes, normal hepatic tissue is enhanced with MRI while tumor tissue is unenhanced. In addition, because gadobenate dimeglumine is excreted in the bile, it may be used to visualize the biliary system using MRI.
FDA has approved a new use of Avastin® (bevacizumab) in combination with fluoropyrimidine-based irinotecan or oxaliplatin chemotherapy for people with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC).
Bevacizumab, CAS NO 216974-75-3
A MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY
January 23, 2013
Avastin (bevacizumab) is a recombinant humanized monoclonal IgG1 antibody that binds to and inhibits the biologic activity of human vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in in vitro and in vivo assay systems. Bevacizumab contains human framework regions and the complementarity-determining regions of a murine antibody that binds to VEGF. Avastin has an approximate molecular weight of 149 kD. Bevacizumab is produced in a mammalian cell (Chinese Hamster Ovary) expression system in a nutrient medium containing the antibiotic gentamicin. Gentamicin is not detectable in the final product.
FDA has approved a new use of Avastin® (bevacizumab) in combination with fluoropyrimidine-based irinotecan or oxaliplatin chemotherapy for people with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC).
On January 23, 2013, the FDA has approved a new use of Avastin® (bevacizumab) in combination with fluoropyrimidine-based irinotecan or oxaliplatin chemotherapy for people with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). The new indication will allow people who received Avastin plus an irinotecan or oxaliplatin containing chemotherapy as an initial treatment (first-line) for mCRC to continue to receive Avastin plus a different irinotecan or oxaliplatin containing chemotherapy after their cancer worsens (second-line treatment).
People who start on Avastin for mCRC can now stay on Avastin after their cancer worsens.
Bevacizumab (trade name Avastin, Genentech/Roche) is an angiogenesis inhibitor, a drug that slows the growth of new blood vessels. It is licensed to treat various cancers, including colorectal, lung, breast (outside the USA), glioblastoma (USA only), kidney and ovarian.
Bevacizumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody that inhibits vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A).[1] VEGF-A is a chemical signal that stimulates angiogenesis in a variety of diseases, especially in cancer. Bevacizumab was the first clinically available angiogenesis inhibitor in the United States.[citation needed]
Bevacizumab was approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for certain metastatic cancers. It received its first approval in 2004, for combination use with standard chemotherapy for metastatic colon cancer.[2] It has since been approved for use in certain lung cancers, renal cancers, and glioblastoma multiforme of the brain.
At one point bevacizumab was approved for breast cancer by the FDA, but the approval was revoked on 18 November 2011.[3][4]
- Los, M.; Roodhart, J. M. L.; Voest, E. E. (2007). “Target Practice: Lessons from Phase III Trials with Bevacizumab and Vatalanib in the Treatment of Advanced Colorectal Cancer”. The Oncologist 12 (4): 443–50. doi:10.1634/theoncologist.12-4-443. PMID 17470687.
- http://www.gene.com/gene/products/information/pdf/avastin-prescribing.pdf
- Pollack, Andrew (18 November 2011). “F.D.A. Revokes Approval of Avastin for Breast Cancer”. New York Times.
- “Cancer drug Avastin loses US approval”. BBC. November 18, 2011.
SEQUENCE
>1bj1_H|Fab-12, F(ab)-12, 12-IgG1, rhuMAb-VEGF|||VH-CH1 (VH(1-123)+CH1(124-215))|||||||231||||MW 24867.8|MW 24867.8| EVQLVESGGGLVQPGGSLRLSCAASGYTFTNYGMNWVRQAPGKGLEWVGWINTYTGEPTY AADFKRRFTFSLDTSKSTAYLQMNSLRAEDTAVYYCAKYPHYYGSSHWYFDVWGQGTLVT VSSASTKGPSVFPLAPSSKSTSGGTAALGCLVKDYFPEPVTVSWNSGALTSGVHTFPAVL QSSGLYSLSSVVTVPSSSLGTQTYICNVNHKPSNTKVDKKVEPKSCDKTHT >1bj1_L|Fab-12, F(ab)-12, 12-IgG1, rhuMAb-VEGF|||L-KAPPA (V-KAPPA(1-107)+C-KAPPA(108-213))|||||||214||||MW 23451.0|MW 23451.0| DIQMTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITCSASQDISNYLNWYQQKPGKAPKVLIYFTSSLHSGVPS RFSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLQPEDFATYYCQQYSTVPWTFGQGTKVEIKRTVAAPSVFIFPP SDEQLKSGTASVVCLLNNFYPREAKVQWKVDNALQSGNSQESVTEQDSKDSTYSLSSTLT LSKADYEKHKVYACEVTHQGLSSPVTKSFNRGEC >1bj1_J|Fab-12, F(ab)-12, 12-IgG1, rhuMAb-VEGF|||L-KAPPA (V-KAPPA(1-107)+C-KAPPA(108-213))|||||||214||||MW 23451.0|MW 23451.0| DIQMTQSPSSLSASVGDRVTITCSASQDISNYLNWYQQKPGKAPKVLIYFTSSLHSGVPS RFSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLQPEDFATYYCQQYSTVPWTFGQGTKVEIKRTVAAPSVFIFPP SDEQLKSGTASVVCLLNNFYPREAKVQWKVDNALQSGNSQESVTEQDSKDSTYSLSSTLT LSKADYEKHKVYACEVTHQGLSSPVTKSFNRGEC >1bj1_K|Fab-12, F(ab)-12, 12-IgG1, rhuMAb-VEGF|||VH-CH1 (VH(1-123)+CH1(124-215))|||||||231||||MW 24867.8|MW 24867.8| EVQLVESGGGLVQPGGSLRLSCAASGYTFTNYGMNWVRQAPGKGLEWVGWINTYTGEPTY AADFKRRFTFSLDTSKSTAYLQMNSLRAEDTAVYYCAKYPHYYGSSHWYFDVWGQGTLVT VSSASTKGPSVFPLAPSSKSTSGGTAALGCLVKDYFPEPVTVSWNSGALTSGVHTFPAVL QSSGLYSLSSVVTVPSSSLGTQTYICNVNHKPSNTKVDKKVEPKSCDKTHT
FDA approves Kadcyla (ado-trastuzumab emtansine), a new therapy for patients with HER2-positive, late-stage (metastatic) breast cancer.
Structure of trastuzumab emtansine. An ADC is a three-block “engine” — antibody-linker-drug — and each part of the composite molecule has to be carefully selected and assembled. Considered as an armed-antibody, an ADC is a bi-dentate construction where both parts (antibody and drug) of the molecule combine their effect to ensure selectivity and potency. The role of the linker arm is of paramount importance demanding a fine tuning to execute the controlled release and delivery of the two active components in the tumor environment.
Feb. 22, 2013
FDA approves new treatment for late-stage breast cancer
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration today approved Kadcyla (ado-trastuzumab emtansine), a new therapy for patients with HER2-positive, late-stage (metastatic) breast cancer.
HER2 is a protein involved in normal cell growth. It is found in increased amounts on some types of cancer cells (HER2-positive), including some breast cancers. In these HER2-positive breast cancers, the increased amount of the HER2 protein contributes to cancer cell growth and survival.
Kadcyla is intended for patients who were previously treated with trastuzumab, another anti-HER2 therapy, and taxanes, a class of chemotherapy drugs commonly used for the treatment of breast cancer.
“Kadcyla is trastuzumab connected to a drug called DM1 that interferes with cancer cell growth,” said Richard Pazdur, M.D., director of the Office of Hematology and Oncology Products in the FDA’s Center for Drug Evaluation and Research. “Kadcyla delivers the drug to the cancer site to shrink the tumor, slow disease progression and prolong survival. It is the fourth approved drug that targets the HER2 protein.”
Referred to as T-DM1 during clinical research, Kadcyla was reviewed under the FDA’s priority review program, which provides for an expedited six-month review of drugs that may provide safe and effective therapy when no satisfactory alternative therapy exists, or offer significant improvement compared to marketed products. Other FDA-approved drugs used to treat HER2-positive breast cancer include trastuzumab (1998), lapatinib (2007) and pertuzumab (2012).
Kadcyla, trastuzumab and pertuzumab are marketed by South San Francisco, Calif.-based Genentech, a member of the Roche Group. Lapatinib is marketed by GlaxoSmithKline, based in Research Triangle Park, N.C
ImmunoGen, Inc. a biotechnology company that develops anticancer therapeutics using its TAP technology, today announced that Roche has reported that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has granted marketing approval to Kadcyla for the treatment of people with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer who have received prior treatment with Herceptin® (trastuzumab) and a taxane chemotherapy.
“This is a big day for the patients with this cancer and for ImmunoGen,” commented Daniel Junius, President and CEO. “In clinical testing, the findings with Kadcyla in this patient population have been impressive, and we’re delighted the product can now be used by practicing oncologists across the US. In addition to its importance from a medical perspective, commercialization of Kadcyla also marks the start of ImmunoGen earning royalty income.”
Mr. Junius continued, “The efficacy and tolerability seen with Kadcyla underscores the transformative potential of our technology. Kadcyla is the most advanced of ten compounds with our TAP technology already in the clinic, with more in earlier stages of development. We are hopeful that in the future many different types of cancers will be routinely treated with TAP compounds.”
Genentech licensed from ImmunoGen exclusive rights to use the Company’s maytansinoid TAP technology to develop anticancer products targeting HER2.
According to Genentech, Kadcyla will cost $9,800 per month, compared to $4,500 per month for regular Herceptin. The company estimates a full course of Kadcyla, about nine months of medicine, will cost $94,000. Thus, the cost of the drug is beyond the reach of many women unless they have an insurance plan.
”””””’
Afatinib
-
- Synonyms:BIBW 2992
- ATC:L01XE13
- Use:anticancer; tyrosine kinase inhibitor
- Chemical name:N-[4-[(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)amino]-7-[[(3S)-tetrahydro-3-furanyl]oxy]-6-quinazolinyl]-4-(dimethylamino)-2-butenamide; N-[(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)amino]-6-{[4-(N,N-dimethylamino)-1-oxo-2-buten-1-yl]amino}-7-((S)-tetrahydrofuran-3-yloxy)-quinazoline
- Formula:C24H25ClFN5O3
- MW:485.9 g/mol
- CAS-RN:439081-18-2; 850140-72-6
Derivatives
dimaleate
- Formula:C32H33ClFN5O11
- MW:718.1 g/mol
- CAS-RN:850140-73-7
Substance Classes
Synthesis Path
Substances Referenced in Synthesis Path
| CAS-RN | Formula | Chemical Name | CAS Index Name |
|---|---|---|---|
| 446-32-2 | C7H6FNO2 | 4-fluoro-anthranilic acid | |
| 162012-70-6 | C8H3ClFN3O2 | 4-chloro-7-fluoro-6-nitroquinazoline | |
| 367-21-5 | C6H5ClFN | 3-chloro-4-fluoroaniline | |
| 86087-23-2 | C4H8O2 | (S)-(+)-3-hydroxytetrahydrofuran | |
| 314771-76-1 | C18H16ClFN4O2 | N-(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-7-((tetrahydrofuran-3-yl)oxy)quinazoline-4,6-diamine | |
| 13991-36-1 | C4H5BrO2 | bromocrotonic acid | |
| 3095-95-2 | C6H13O5P | diethylphophonoacetic acid | |
| 618061-76-0 | C24H27ClFN4O6P | Diethyl-{[4-((3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)amino)-7-(((S)-tetrahydro- furan-3-yloxy)quinazolin-6-yl)carbamoyl]-methyl}phosphonate |
|
| 3616-56-6 | C8H19NO2 | (dimethylamino)-acetaldehyde diethylacetate |
Trade Names
| Country | Trade Name | Vendor | Annotation |
|---|---|---|---|
| USA | Gilotrif | Boehringer Ingelheim, 2013 | |
| EU | Giotrif | Boehringer Ingelheim, 2013 |
Formulations
- tabs.; 20, 30 and 40 mg
References
-
- a US 6 251 912 (American Cyanamid; 26.6.2001; appl. 29.7.1998; USA-prior. 1.8.1997).
- WO 0 250 043 (Boehringer Ingelheim; 27.6.2002; appl. 12.12.2001; DE-prior. 20.12.2000).
- US RE 43431 (Boehringer Ingelheim; 29.5.2012; appl. 18.8.2009; DE-prior. 20.12.2000).
- b US 8 426 586 (Boehringer Ingelheim; 1.2.2007; appl. 14.7.2006; DE-prior. 17.10.2003).
-
crystalline forms of Afatinib di-maleate:
- Solca, F. et al., J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., (2012) 343(2), 342-350.
- WO 2013 052157 (Ratiopharm/Teva; 11.4.2013; appl. 25.4.2012; USA-prior. 6.10.2011).
Natrol, Inc. Revitalizes Hair Technology with NuHair® FOAM, a Natural Solution for Male and Female Hair Rejuvenation
February 21, 2013, Natrol, Inc., a global leader in the nutrition industry and trusted manufacturer and marketer of superior quality supplements, has raised the bar for hair technology and created an alternate and innovative method to enhance hair rejuvenation among men and women with NuHair® FOAM. The product is hitting the marketplace following Natrol’s tablet hair-rejuvenation product being named the #1 selling supplement for hair growth.
NuHair® FOAM, now available at Walgreens nationwide, joins the NuHair line of dietary supplements that includes: Hair Regrowth Tablets designed for both men and women, Thinning Hair Serum, and DHT Blocker. The product was specifically created to protect against follicle damage, graying hair, and bring nourishment to the scalp and revitalize each strand to promote fuller, beautiful hair. It is also a 2-in-1 product, which has a light hold for styling.
“Natrol believes that hair rejuvenation begins at the root, and we’re thrilled to roll out NuHair® FOAM as the perfect product to stimulate that area,” said Stacy Dill, Natrol’s Senior Marketing Manager. “It works naturally, and with its robust styling ingredients as a bonus, provides a better alternative to what is already out there, without any extensive warning labels or side effects. NuHair® FOAM is simple…and can easily be a part of one’s daily regimen.”
NuHair® FOAM is formulated to work naturally with a natural blend of vitamins, herbs and extracts:
- Chamomile and Sage: Revitalizes the scalp, strengthens the texture of the hair, and promotes elasticity.
- Fo-Ti: Supports hair growth and may help prevent thinning and graying hair.
- Vitamin E: Stabilizes cell membranes in hair follicles to encourage proper growth.
- Vitamin B5: Penetrates the hair cuticle to retain moisture, leaving strands pliable, shinier and thicker.
- Shea Butter: Soothes dryness from root to tip, repairs breakage and mends split ends.
- Rosemary: Stimulates and improves hair group and may help darken gray hair.
- Nettle: Revitalizes and repairs brittle and damaged hair.
- Grape Seed Extract: Enhances hair growth and provides a rich, silky luster.
NuHair® belongs to Natrol, Inc.’s family of brands: Natrol, MRI, PROLAB, Promensil, Trinovin, Laci Le Beau, Shen Min, and Vedic Mantra.
NuHair® products are also available on Amazon.com, www.bodybuilders.com and other online retailers.
GSK/Isis rare disease drug moves into Phase II/III
feb20,2013
GlaxoSmithKline is paying out $7.5 million to partner Isis Pharmaceuticals as an antisense drug being developed for transthyretin amyloidosis, “a severe and rare genetic disease,” goes into a Phase II/III study.
TTR amyloidosis is characterised by progressive dysfunction of peripheral nerve and/or heart tissues and affects 50,000 patients worldwide and current treatments are limited. The 15-month study of the drug, known as ISIS-TTRRx, will involve some 200 patients with familial amyloid polyneuropathy who experience TTR build-up in their peripheral nerves and experience the loss of motor functions, such as walking.
Lynne Parshall, chief operating officer at Isis, said that “the rapid development of ISIS-TTRRx from a research-stage programme to a drug in late-stage clinical development in just over two years represents the strong commitment of both teams”. She added that the encouraging data from a Phase I study, “in which our drug was well tolerated and produced significant reductions in TTR protein, supported the advancement of ISIS-TTRRx directly into this registration-directed Phase II/III study”.
New Drug Approvals 