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DR ANTHONY MELVIN CRASTO Ph.D

DR ANTHONY MELVIN CRASTO, Born in Mumbai in 1964 and graduated from Mumbai University, Completed his Ph.D from ICT, 1991,Matunga, Mumbai, India, in Organic Chemistry, The thesis topic was Synthesis of Novel Pyrethroid Analogues, Currently he is working with AFRICURE PHARMA, ROW2TECH, NIPER-G, Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers, Govt. of India as ADVISOR, earlier assignment was with GLENMARK LIFE SCIENCES LTD, as CONSUlTANT, Retired from GLENMARK in Jan2022 Research Centre as Principal Scientist, Process Research (bulk actives) at Mahape, Navi Mumbai, India. Total Industry exp 32 plus yrs, Prior to joining Glenmark, he has worked with major multinationals like Hoechst Marion Roussel, now Sanofi, Searle India Ltd, now RPG lifesciences, etc. He has worked with notable scientists like Dr K Nagarajan, Dr Ralph Stapel, Prof S Seshadri, etc, He did custom synthesis for major multinationals in his career like BASF, Novartis, Sanofi, etc., He has worked in Discovery, Natural products, Bulk drugs, Generics, Intermediates, Fine chemicals, Neutraceuticals, GMP, Scaleups, etc, he is now helping millions, has 9 million plus hits on Google on all Organic chemistry websites. His friends call him Open superstar worlddrugtracker. His New Drug Approvals, Green Chemistry International, All about drugs, Eurekamoments, Organic spectroscopy international, etc in organic chemistry are some most read blogs He has hands on experience in initiation and developing novel routes for drug molecules and implementation them on commercial scale over a 32 PLUS year tenure till date Feb 2023, Around 35 plus products in his career. He has good knowledge of IPM, GMP, Regulatory aspects, he has several International patents published worldwide . He has good proficiency in Technology transfer, Spectroscopy, Stereochemistry, Synthesis, Polymorphism etc., He suffered a paralytic stroke/ Acute Transverse mylitis in Dec 2007 and is 90 %Paralysed, He is bound to a wheelchair, this seems to have injected feul in him to help chemists all around the world, he is more active than before and is pushing boundaries, He has 100 million plus hits on Google, 2.5 lakh plus connections on all networking sites, 100 Lakh plus views on dozen plus blogs, 227 countries, 7 continents, He makes himself available to all, contact him on +91 9323115463, email amcrasto@gmail.com, Twitter, @amcrasto , He lives and will die for his family, 90% paralysis cannot kill his soul., Notably he has 38 lakh plus views on New Drug Approvals Blog in 227 countries......https://newdrugapprovals.wordpress.com/ , He appreciates the help he gets from one and all, Friends, Family, Glenmark, Readers, Wellwishers, Doctors, Drug authorities, His Contacts, Physiotherapist, etc He has total of 32 International and Indian awards

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Selinexor

July 16, 2019 9:07 am / Leave a comment

Selinexor

セリネクソル

KPT-330

UNII-31TZ62FO8F

(Z)-3-[3-[3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl]-N‘-pyrazin-2-ylprop-2-enehydrazide

Formula	C17H11F6N7O
CAS	1393477-72-9
Mol weight	443.306

FDA, APPROVED 2019/7/3, Xpovio

CAS : 1393477-72-9 (free base) 1421923-86-5 (E-isomer) 1621865-82-4 (E-isomer) Unknown (HCl)

Treatment of cancer, Antineoplastic, Nuclear export inhibitor

Selinexor (INN, trade name Xpovio; codenamed KPT-330) is a selective inhibitor of nuclear export used as an anti-cancer drug. It works by quasi-irreversibly binding to exportin 1 and thus blocking the transport of several proteins involved in cancer-cell growth from the cell nucleus to the cytoplasm, which ultimately arrests the cell cycle and leads to apoptosis.^[1] It is the first drug with this mechanism of action.^[2]^[3]

Selinexor was granted accelerated approval by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration in July 2019, for use as a drug of last resort in people with multiple myeloma. In clinical trials, it was associated with a high incidence of severe side effects, including low platelet counts and low blood sodium levels.^[3]^[4]

Selinexor is an orally available, small molecule inhibitor of CRM1 (chromosome region maintenance 1 protein, exportin 1 or XPO1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Selinexor modifies the essential CRM1-cargo binding residue cysteine-528, thereby irreversibly inactivates CRM1-mediated nuclear export of cargo proteins such as tumor suppressor proteins (TSPs), including p53, p21, BRCA1/2, pRB, FOXO, and other growth regulatory proteins. As a result, this agent, via the approach of selective inhibition of nuclear export (SINE), restores endogenous tumor suppressing processes to selectively eliminate tumor cells while sparing normal cells. CRM1, the major export factor for proteins from the nucleus to the cytoplasm, is overexpressed in a variety of cancer cell types.

Selinexor has been used in trials studying the treatment of AML, Glioma, Sarcoma, Leukemia, and Advanced, among others.

Selinexor, also known as KPT-330, is an orally bioavailable, potent and selective XPO1/CRM1 Inhibitor. Selinexor is effective in acquired resistance to ibrutinib and synergizes with ibrutinib in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Selinexor potentiates the antitumor activity of gemcitabine in human pancreatic cancer through inhibition of tumor growth, depletion of the antiapoptotic proteins, and induction of apoptosis. Selinexor has strong activity against primary AML cells while sparing normal stem and progenitor cells.

SYN

Medical uses

Selinexor is restricted for use in combination with the steroid dexamethasone in people with relapsed or refractory multiple myelomawhich has failed to respond to at least four or five other therapies (so-called “quad-refractory” or “penta-refractory” myeloma),^[5] for whom no other treatment options are available.^[3]^[4] It is the first drug to be approved for this indication.^[6]

Adverse effects

In the clinical study used to support FDA approval, selinexor was associated with high rates of pancytopenia, including leukopenia(28%), neutropenia (34%, severe in 21%), thrombocytopenia (74%, severe in 61% of patients), and anemia (59%).^[4]^[7] The most common non-hematological side effects were gastrointestinal reactions (nausea, anorexia, vomiting, and diarrhea), hyponatremia (low blood sodium levels, occurring in up to 40% of patients), and fatigue.^[7]^[8] More than half of all patients who received the drug developed infections, including fatal cases of sepsis.^[7] However, these data are from an open-label trial, and thus cannot be compared to placebo or directly attributed to treatment.

Mechanism of action

Schematic illustration of the Ran cycle of nuclear transport. Selinexor inhibits this process at the nuclear export receptor (upper right).

Like other so-called selective inhibitors of nuclear export (SINEs), selinexor works by binding to exportin 1 (also known as CRM1). CRM1 is a karyopherin which performs nuclear transport of several proteins, including tumor suppressors, oncogenes, and proteins involved in governing cell growth, from the cell nucleus to the cytoplasm; it is often overexpressed and its function misregulated in several types of cancer.^[1] By restoring nuclear transport of these proteins to normal, SINEs lead to a buildup of tumor suppressors in the nucleus of malignant cells and reduce levels of oncogene products which drive cell proliferation. This ultimately leads to cell cycle arrest and death of cancer cells by apoptosis.^[1]^[2]^[7] In vitro, this effect appeared to spare normal (non-malignant) cells.^[1]^[8]

Because CRM1 is a pleiotropic gene, inhibiting it affects many different systems in the body, which explains the high incidence of adverse reactions to selinexor.^[2] Thrombocytopenia, for example, is a mechanistic and dose-dependent effect, occurring because selinexor causes a buildup of the transcription factor STAT3 in the nucleus of hematopoietic stem cells, preventing their differentiation into mature megakaryocytes (platelet-producing cells) and thus slowing production of new platelets.^[2]

Chemistry

Selinexor is a fully synthetic small-molecule compound, developed by means of a structure-based drug design process known as induced-fit docking. It binds to a cysteine residue in the nuclear export signal groove of exportin 1. Although this bond is covalent, it is not irreversible.^[1]

History

Selinexor was developed by Karyopharm Therapeutics of Newton, Massachusetts, a pharmaceutical company devoted entirely to the development of drugs that target nuclear transport. It was approved by the FDA on July 3, 2019, on the basis of a single uncontrolled clinical trial. The decision was controversial, and overruled the previous recommendation of an FDA Advisory Panel which had voted 8–5 against approving the drug, due to concerns about efficacy and toxicity.^[3]

Research

Under the codename KPT-330, selinexor was tested in several preclinical animal models of cancer, including pancreatic cancer, breast cancer, non-small-cell lung cancer, lymphomas, and acute and chronic leukemias.^[9] In humans, early clinical trials (phase I) have been conducted in non-Hodgkin lymphoma, blast crisis, and a wide range of advanced or refractory solid tumors, including colon cancer, head and neck cancer, melanoma, ovarian cancer, and prostate cancer.^[9] Compassionate use in patients with acute myeloid leukemia has also been reported.^[9]

The pivotal clinical trial which served to support approval of selinexor for people with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma was an open-label study of 122 patients known as the STORM trial.^[7] In all of the enrolled patients, selinexor was used as fifth-line or sixth-line therapy after conventional chemotherapy, targeted therapy with bortezomib, carfilzomib, lenalidomide, pomalidomide, and a monoclonal antibody (daratumumab or isatuximab)^[5]; nearly all had also undergone hematopoietic stem cell transplantation to no effect.^[7] The overall response rate was 25%, and no patients had a complete response.^[7] However, the response rate was higher in patients with high-risk myeloma (cytogenetic abnormalities associated with a worse prognosis).^[5] The median time to progression was 2.3 months overall and 5 months in patients who responded to the drug.^[2]

As of 2019, phase I/II and III trials are ongoing,^[3]^[9] including the use of selinexor in other cancers and in combinations with other drugs used for multiple myeloma.^[2]

PATENT

WO 2013019561

WO 2013019548

US 9079865

PATENT

WO 2016025904 A

https://patents.google.com/patent/WO2016025904A1/tr

International Publication No. WO 2013/019548 describes a series of compounds that are indicated to have inhibitory activity against chromosomal region maintenance 1 (CRM1, also referred to as exportin 1 or XPO1) and to be useful in the treatment of disorders associated with CRM1 activity, such as cancer. (Z)-3-(3-(3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-N’-(pyrazin-2-yl)acrylohydrazide (also referred to as selinexor) is one of the compounds disclosed in International Publication No. WO 2013/019548. Selinexor has the chemical structure shown in Structural Formula I:

Example 1. Preparation of Selinexor Lot No.1305365 (Form A).

[00274] Selinexor for Lot No. 1305365 was made in accordance with the following reaction scheme:

[00275] A solution of propane phosphonic acid anhydride (T3P^®, 50% in ethyl acetate, 35Kg) in THF (24.6Kg) was cooled to about -40 °C. To this solution was added a solution of KG1 (13.8Kg) and diisopropylethylamine (12.4Kg) in tetrahydrofuran (THF, 24.6Kg). The resulting mixture was stirred at about -40°C for approximately 2.5 hours.

[00276] In a separate vessel, KJ8 (4.80Kg) was mixed with THF (122.7Kg), and the resulting mixture cooled to about -20°C. The cold activated ester solution was then added to the KJ8 mixture with stirring, and the reaction was maintained at about -20°C. The mixture was warmed to about 5°C, water (138.1Kg) was added and the temperature adjusted to about 20°C. After agitating for about an hour, the lower phase was allowed to separate from the mixture and discarded. The upper layer was diluted with ethyl acetate (EtOAc). The organic phase was then washed three times with potassium phosphate dibasic solution (~150Kg), then with water (138.6Kg).

[00277] The resulting organic solution was concentrated under reduced pressure to 95L, EtOAc (186.6Kg) was added and the distillation repeated to a volume of 90L. Additional EtOAc (186.8Kg) was added and the distillation repeated a third time to a volume of 90L. The batch was filtered to clarify, further distilled to 70L, then heated to about 75°C, and slowly cooled to 0 to 5°C. The resulting slurry was filtered and the filter cake washed with a mixture of EtOAc (6.3Kg) and toluene (17.9Kg) before being dried in a vacuum oven to provide selinexor designated Lot No. 1305365 (Form A).

Example 2. Preparation of Selinexor Lot No.1341-AK-109-2 (Form A).

[00278] The acetonitrile solvate of selinexor was prepared in accordance with Example 6.

[00279] The acetonitrile solvate of selinexor (2.7g) was suspended in a mixture of isopropanol (IPA, 8mL) and water (8mL), and the resulting mixture heated to 65 to 70 °C to effect dissolution. The solution was cooled to 45 °C, and water (28mL) was added over 15 minutes, maintaining the temperature between 40 and 45 °C. The slurry was cooled to 20 to 25 °C over an hour, then further cooled to 0 to 5 °C and held at that temperature for 30 minutes before being filtered. The filter cake was washed with 20% v/v IPA in water and the product dried under suction overnight, then in vacuo (40°C).

Example 3. Preparation of SelinexorSelinexorSelinexor Lot No. PC-14-005 (Form A).

[00280] The acetonitrile solvate of selinexor (Form D) was prepared in accordance with the procedure described in Example 6.

[00281] The acetonitrile solvate of selinexor (1.07Kg) was suspended in a mixture of IPA (2.52Kg) and water (3.2Kg) and the mixture heated to 70 to 75 °C to dissolve. The temperature was then adjusted to 40 to 45 °C and held at that temperature for 30 minutes. Water (10.7Kg) was added while maintaining the temperature at 40 to 45 °C, then the batch was cooled to 20 to 25 °C and agitated at that temperature for 4 hours before being further cooled to 0 to 5 °C. After a further hour of agitation, the slurry was filtered and the filter cake washed with a cold mixture of IPA (0.84Kg) and water (4.28Kg) before being dried.

Example 4. Preparation of SelinexorSelinexorSelinexor Lot No. PC-14-009 (Form A).

[00282] The acetonitrile solvate of selinexor (Form D) was prepared in accordance with the procedure described in Example 6.

[00283] The acetonitrile solvate of selinexor (1.5Kg) was suspended in IPA (3.6Kg) and water (4.5Kg) and warmed to 37 to 42 °C with gentle agitation. The suspension was agitated at that temperature for 4 hours, and was then cooled to 15 to 20 °C over 1 hour. Water (15.1Kg) was added, maintaining the temperature, then the agitation was continued for 1 hour and the batch was filtered. The filter cake was washed with a mixture of IPA (1.2Kg) and water (6Kg), then dried under a flow of nitrogen.

Example 5. Preparation of Selinexor Lot Nos.1339-BS-142-1, 1339-BS-142-2 and PC-14-008 (Form A).

[00284] A reactor, under nitrogen, was charged with KG1 (1Kg, 1.0 Eq), KJ8 (0.439 Kg, 1.4 Eq) and MeTHF (7L, 7 parts with respect to KG1). Diisopropylethylamine (0.902Kg, 2.45 Eq with respect to KG1) was added to the reaction mixture at -20 °C to -25 °C with a MeTHF rinse. To the reaction mixture, 50% T3P® in ethyl acetate (2.174Kg, 1.2 Eq with respect to KG1) was then charged, maintaining the temperature at -20 °C to -25 °C with a MeTHF rinse. After the completion of the addition, the reaction mixture was stirred briefly

and then warmed to 20 °C to 25 °C. Upon completion, the reaction mixture was washed first with water (5L, 5 parts with respect to KG1) and then with dilute brine (5L, 5 parts with respect to KG1). The organic layer was concentrated by vacuum distillation to a volume of 5 L (5 parts with respect to KG1), diluted with acetonitrile (15L, 15 parts with respect to KG1) at approximately 40 °C and concentrated again (5L, 5 parts with respect to KG1). After solvent exchange to acetonitrile, the reaction mixture was then heated to approximately 60 °C to obtain a clear solution. The reaction mixture was then cooled slowly to 0-5 °C, held briefly and filtered. The filter cake was washed with cold acetonitrile (2L, 5 parts with respect to KG1) and the filter cake was then dried under a stream of nitrogen to provide the acetonitrile solvate of selinexor (Form D) as a slightly off-white solid.

[00285] Form D of selinexor (0.9Kg) was suspended in IPA (2.1Kg, 2.7L, 3 parts with respect to Form D) and water (2.7Kg, 2.7L, 3 parts with respect to Form D) and warmed to approximately 40 °C. The resulting suspension was agitated for about 4 hours, selinexor, cooled to approximately 20 °C, and diluted with additional water (9Kg, 10 parts with respect to Form D). The mixture was stirred for a further 4-6 hours, then filtered, and the cake washed with a mixture of 20% IPA and water (4.5L, 5 parts with respect to Form D). The filter cake was then dried under vacuum to provide selinexor designated Lot No. PC-14-008 as a white crystalline powder with a >99.5% a/a UPLC purity (a/a=area to area of all peaks; UPLC-ultra performance HPLC).

Example 6. Preparation of Selinexor Lot No.1405463 (Form A).

[00286] Selinexor Lot No. 1405463 was prepared in accordance with the following reaction scheme:

[00287] A reactor was charged with KG1 (15.8Kg), KJ8 (6.9Kg) and MeTHF (90Kg). Diisopropylethylamine (14.2Kg) was added to the reaction mixture over approximately 35 minutes at about -20 °C. Following the addition of the diisopropylethylamine, T3P® (50%

solution in EtAOc, 34.4Kg) was added maintaining the temperature at -20 °C. The mixture stirred to complete the reaction first at -20 °C, then at ambient temperature.

[00288] Upon completion of the reaction, water (79Kg) was added over about 1 hour. The layers were separated and the organic layer was washed with a mixture of water (55Kg) and brine (18Kg), The mixture was filtered, and the methyl-THF/ethyl acetate in the mixture distillatively replaced with acetonitrile (volume of approximately 220L). The mixture was warmed to dissolve the solids, then slowly cooled to 0 to 5 °C before being filtered. The filter cake was washed with acetonitrile to provide the acetonitrile solvate of

selinexorSelinexorSelinexor (Form D).

[00289] The acetonitrile solvate of selinexorSelinexorSelinexor was dried, then mixed with isopropanol (23Kg) and water (55Kg). The slurry was warmed to about 38 °C and held at that temperature for approximately 4 hours before being cooled to 15 to 20 °C. Water (182Kg) was added. After a further 5 hours of agitation, the mixture was filtered and the filter cake washed with a mixture of isopropanol (14Kg) and water (73Kg), before being dried under vacuum (45 °C). The dried product was packaged to provide

selinexorSelinexorSelinexor Lot No. 1405463 (Form A).

Example 7. Polymorphism Studies of Selinexor.

[00290] A comprehensive polymorphism assessment of selinexor was performed in a range of different solvents, solvent mixtures and under a number of experimental conditions based on the solubility of selinexor. Three anhydrous polymorphs of

selinexorSelinexorSelinexor were observed by XRPD investigation, designated Form A, Form B and Form C. Form A is a highly crystalline, high-melting form, having a melting point of 177 °C, and was observed to be stable from a physico-chemical point of view when exposed for 4 weeks to 25 °C/97% relative humidity (RH) and to 40 °C/75% RH. A solvated form of selinexor was also observed in acetonitrile, designated Form D. A competitive slurry experiment confirmed Form A as the stable anhydrous form under the conditions investigated, except in acetonitrile, in which solvate formation was observed. It was further found that in acetonitrile, below 50 °C, only Form D is observed, at 50 °C both Form A and Form D are observed, and at 55 °C, Form A is observed .

PATENT

CN 106831731

https://patents.google.com/patent/CN106831731A/en

Selinexor is an orally bioavailable selective nuclear export inhibitors, 2012 for the first time in clinical, so far carried out a total of 21 trials, indications include chronic myelogenous leukemia, acute myelogenous leukemia, acute lymphatic leukemia, prostate cancer, melanoma, non-small cell lung cancer, glioma, neuroblastoma into, gynecological cancer, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, squamous cell carcinoma, colorectal cancer and the like. May 2014, FDA granted orphan drug designation Selinexor treatment of acute myeloid leukemia and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, in June 2014, EMA is also granted orphan drug designation Selinexor treatment of both diseases. January 2015, received FDA orphan drug to treat multiple myeloma identified.

[0003] Currently, the synthesis process has been disclosed, the following reaction equation:

[0006] wherein the compound is 5 Selinexor drug.

[0007] In this method, however, easy to produce Intermediate 1-2 double bond is easily reversed when synthetically produced from trans impurities, in addition to more difficult to impact yield; Intermediate 3 Intermediate 4 Synthesis APIs 5 when required ultra-low temperature, and the product was purified by column required, only a yield of 20%.

SUMMARY

[0008] The object of the present invention to provide a novel compound Selinexor drug synthesis of 5, in order to solve technical problems.

[0009] – novel synthetic method of Se species I inexor drug, comprising the steps of:

Synthesis [0010] A, Compound 7

[0011] Compound 6, dichloromethane and ethyl acetate mixture, stirred and dissolved, compound 4, T3P (n-propyl phosphoric anhydride) and DIPEA (N, N- diisopropylethylamine) at a low temperature; the reaction was stirred for 25-35min at a low temperature, dichloromethane and water were added after the completion of the reaction, liquid separation, the organic phase was evaporated to dryness to give crude compound 7, crude without purification cast down;

[0012] B, Synthesis of Compound 8

[0013] the compound obtained in Step 7, and mixed sodium iodide acetic acid, warmed to 110-120 ° C, the reaction 2.5-3.5h; After completion of the reaction, the system cooled to room temperature, water and dichloromethane were added, stirred for 8 after -15min, standing layered organic phase was washed with saturated sodium bicarbonate and saturated sodium chloride, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and distilled to give crude compound 8, was dissolved in DMF (dimethyl fumarate) to give compound in DMF 8;

Synthesis [0014] C, of Compound 5

[0015] Compound 1, DBAC0 (triethylenediamine), the DMF mixed and dissolved with stirring, dropwise adding to the reaction system of the compound obtained in DMF step 8, after the addition was complete, stirring was continued for 3-4 hours; the reaction after completion, water and ethyl acetate were added to the system, the organic phase is evaporated to dryness and petroleum ether and recrystallized from ethyl acetate to give compound 5.

[0016] Preferably, said step A, the low temperature is 0-2 ° C.

[0017] Preferably, said step B in DMF, the crude compound 8 concentration of less than 1%.

[0018] The novel synthetic methods of the present invention Selinexor drug, the chemical equation is as follows:

〇

[0020] The present invention has the following advantages: novel synthetic method Selinexor drug of the present invention to overcome the conventional synthesis process, is easy to produce trans impurities, more difficult in addition, the influence the yield and the need for ultra-low temperature, and the product requires problems purified by column, the yield is very low, reducing the synthetic steps, increased yield, there is provided a new process for the synthesis of the drug Selinexor.

[0021] In addition to the above-described objects, features and advantages of the present invention as well as other objects, features and advantages. Below the invention will be described in further detail present.

Example 1

[0024] – novel synthetic method of Se species I inexor drug, comprising the steps of:

Synthesis [0025] A, Compound 7

[0026] 50ml three □ flask, 15ml of dichloromethane and 0.2g compound 6,15ml ethyl acetate, stirred and dissolved, was added 0.3g of compound 4 and 3gT3P, 0.75gDIPEA at 0 ° C; the system at 0 ° C the reaction was stirred for 30min, 50ml of dichloromethane and 30ml of water were added after the completion of the reaction, liquid separation, the organic phase was evaporated to dryness to give crude compound 7, crude without purification cast down;

[0027] B, Synthesis of Compound 8

[0028] 50ml three-necked flask, added the compound obtained in Step 7,40ml of glacial acetic acid and 1.38g of sodium iodide was heated to 115. (:, The reaction 3H; After completion of the reaction, cooled to room temperature system, the system will be transferred to 500ml flask, 50ml of water was added and IOOml dichloromethane, after stirring IOmin, standing separation, the organic phase was washed with saturated sodium bicarbonate and saturated washed with sodium chloride, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and distilled to give crude compound 8, was dissolved in IOmL DMF to give DMF solution of compound 8;

Synthesis [0029] C, of Compound 5

[0030] After 50ml 3-necked flask was added 0.2g compound 1,0.24gDBAC0,20mlDMF, dissolved with stirring, dropwise adding to the reaction system in DMF compound obtained in Step 8, after the addition was complete, stirring continued for 3.5 hours; after completion of the reaction, 20ml water was added to the system and 50ml ethyl acetate, the organic phase is evaporated to dryness and petroleum ether to ethyl acetate to give 0.158g of compound 5, yield 50.9%.

[0031] Example 2

[0032] – new type Se Iinexor drug synthesis, comprising the steps of:

Synthesis [0033] A, Compound 7

[0034] 50ml three □ flask, 15ml of dichloromethane and 0.2g compound 6,15ml ethyl acetate, stirred and dissolved, was added 0.3g of compound 4 and 3gT3P, 0.75gDIPEA at 1 ° C; system at 1 ° C the reaction was stirred for 35min, 50ml of dichloromethane and 30ml of water were added after the completion of the reaction, liquid separation, the organic phase was evaporated to dryness to give crude compound 7, crude without purification cast down;

[0035] B, Synthesis of Compound 8

Three-neck flask [0036] 50ml of addition of the compound obtained in Step 7,40ml glacial acetic acid and 1.38g of sodium iodide was heated to 120. (:, The reaction for 2.5 h; After completion of the reaction, cooled to room temperature system, the system will be transferred to 500ml flask, 60ml water and 120ml dichloromethane was added, after stirring for 15min, allowed to stand for separation, the organic phase was washed with saturated sodium bicarbonate and washed with saturated sodium chloride, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and distilled to give crude compound 8, 12mLDMF was dissolved in DMF to give a solution of compound 8;

Synthesis [0037] C, of Compound 5

[0038] After 50ml 3-necked flask was added 0.2g compound 1,0.24gDBAC0,20mlDMF, dissolved with stirring, dropwise adding to the reaction system of the compound obtained in DMF step 8, after the addition was complete, stirring continued for 3 hours; after completion of the reaction, 25ml of water and 50ml of ethyl acetate was added to the system, the organic phase is evaporated to dryness and petroleum ether to ethyl acetate to give 0.152g of compound 5, yield 49.0% billion

[0039] Example 3

[0040] – novel synthetic method of Se species I inexor drug, comprising the steps of:

Synthesis [0041] A, Compound 7

Three [0042] 50ml of flask, 15ml of dichloromethane and 0.2g compound 6,15ml ethyl acetate, stirred and dissolved, was added 0.3g of compound 4 and 3gT3P, 0.75gDIPEA at 2 ° C; system from 0 ° C the reaction was stirred for 25min, 40ml of dichloromethane and 35ml of water were added after the completion of the reaction, liquid separation, the organic phase was evaporated to dryness to give crude compound 7, crude without purification cast down;

[0043] B, Synthesis of Compound 8

Three-neck flask [0044] 50ml of addition of the compound obtained in Step 7,35ml glacial acetic acid and 1.38g of sodium iodide was heated to 110. (:, The reaction for 3.5 h; After completion of the reaction, cooled to room temperature system, the system will be transferred to 500ml flask, 50ml of water was added and dichloromethane IOOml After Smin of stirring, standing separation, the organic phase was washed with saturated sodium bicarbonate and washed with saturated sodium chloride, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and distilled to give crude compound 8, was dissolved in IOmL DMF to give DMF solution of compound 8;

Synthesis [0045] C, of Compound 5

[0046] 50ml three-neck flask was added 0.2g compound 1,0.24gDBA⑶, 20mlDMF, and dissolved with stirring, dropwise adding to the reaction system of the compound obtained in DMF step 8, after the addition was complete, stirring was continued for 4 hours; after completion of the reaction, 20ml of water and 40ml ethyl acetate were added to the system, the organic phase is evaporated to dryness and petroleum ether to ethyl acetate to give 0.155g of compound 5, yield 49.9% billion

PATENT

WO 2017118940

https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=WO2017118940&tab=PCTDESCRIPTION

The drug compound having the adopted name “Selinexor” has chemical name:(Z)-3-(3-(3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-IH-l,2,4-triazol-1 -yl)-N’-(pyrazin-2yl) acrylohydrazide as below.

Selinexor (KPT-330) is a first-in-class, oral Selective Inhibitor of Nuclear Export / SINE™ compound. Selinexor functions by binding with and inhibiting the nuclear export protein XP01 (also called CRM1 ), leading to the accumulation of tumor suppressor proteins in the cell nucleus. This reinitiates and amplifies their tumor suppressor function and is believed to lead to the selective induction of apoptosis in cancer cells, while largely sparing normal cells. Over 1 ,200 patients have been treated with Selinexor in company and investigator-sponsored Phase 1 and Phase 2 clinical trials in advanced hematologic malignancies and solid tumors. Karyopharm has initiated four later-phase clinical trials of Selinexor, including one in older patients with acute myeloid leukemia (SOPRA), one in patients with Richter’s transformation (SIRRT), one in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (SADAL) and a single-arm trial of Selinexor and lose-dose dexamethasone in patients with multiple myeloma (STORM). Patients may receive a twice-weekly combination of Selinexor in combination with low dose dexamethasone. Randomized 1 :1 , Selinexor will be dosed either at 60mg + dexamethasone or at 100 mg + dexamethasone.

US 8999996 B2 discloses Selinexor and a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, pharmaceutical compositions and use for treating disorders associated with CRM1 activity. Further, it discloses preparative methods for the preparation of compounds disclosed therein including Selinexor by reacting (Z)-3-(3- (3,5-

bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-IH-l,2,4-triazol-l-yl)acrylic acid in 1 :1 CH₂CI₂: AcOEt with 2-Hydrazinopyrazine at -40 °C followed by addition of T₃P[Propylphosphonic anhydride] (50%) and DIPEA. After 30 minutes, the reaction mixture was concentrated and the crude oil was purified by preparative TLC using 5% MeOH in CH2CI2 as mobile phase (under ammonia atmosphere) to afford 40 mg of Selinexor with purity: 95.78%. However, it is not disclosed about the nature of the compound obtained therein.

WO 2016025904 A1 discloses various crystalline forms of Selinexor namely Form A, Form B, Form C, Form D, compositions and MoU thereof for the treatment of disorder associated with CRM1 activity and their preparative processes.

Prior art process for the preparation of Selinexor suffers from disadvantages interms of process such as the use of lengthy procedures to practice and resulting in low yields, which may not be viable at industrial scale. Synthetic product obtained therein has very low purity and contains significant amounts of unreacted starting materials and trans-isomer of Selinexor, which are further purified by time consuming and expensive chromatographic separations leading to loss of yield. Hence, there remains a need for improved process for the preparation of Selinexor which is industrially viable and reproducible. Particularly, it is desirable to have a process avoiding purification steps still meeting desired pharmaceutical quality.

EXAMPLES

Example-1 : Preparation of isopropyl (Z)-3-(3-(3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl) phenyl)-1 H- -triazol-1 -yl)acrylate

3-(3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-1 H-1 ,2,4-triazole (250 g) was dissolved in tetrahydrofuran (2 I) under nitrogen atmosphere at 27°C and cooled to -5°C. 1 ,4- diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane (DABCO, 1 99.5 g) was added to the reaction mixture at -5°C and stirred at the same temperature for 40 minutes. Isopropyl (Z)-3- iodoacrylate (234.8 g in 500 mL of tetrahydrofuran) was added drop wise to the reaction mixture in 1 hour 1 0 minutes at -5°C and stirred at the same temperature for 2 hours. After the completion of the reaction, the reaction mixture was added to ice cold water (2 I) and separated the organic layer. The aqueous layer was extracted with ethyl acetate (2 x 1 I). The combined organic layer was washed with brine solution (1 I) and dried over sodium sulphate. The dried solution was evaporated completely under vacuum at 40°C to obtain crude product with HPLC purity of 93.53% The crude product was triturated with hexane (700 mL) and stirred for 20 minutes at -30°C and filtered the solid. Trituration of crude product with hexane was repeated for three times and dried under vacuum to obtain the title compound with HPLC purity of 97.46% and trans-isomer content of 0.66%. Yield: 297 g Example-2: Preparation of (Z)-3-(3-(3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-1 H-1 ,2,4- triazol-1 -yl)acr lic acid.

To a mixture of tetrahydrofuran (300 mL) and water (300 mL), Isopropyl (Z)-3-(3- (3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-1 H-1 ,2,4-triazol-1 -yl)acrylate (30 g) was added and cooled to 0°C. Lithium hydroxide monohydrate (16.03 g) under cooling condition at 0°C was added to the reaction mixture and stirred the reaction mixture at same temperature for 7 hours. After completion of the reaction, 2 N HCI (180 mL) was added to adjust the pH of the reaction mixture to 2 and extracted it with ethyl acetate (300 mL). Organic layer was dried over sodium sulphate and evaporated under vacuum at 40°C. The crude compound was stirred with hexane (150 mL) and filtered the solid. Dried the compound under vacuum at 40°C for 0.5 hour to obtain the title compound with HPLC purity of 97.25% with trans-isomer content of 3 %. Yield: 24 g

Example-3: Purification of (Z)-3-(3-(3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-1 H-1 ,2,4- tria

A mixture of (Z)-3-(3-(3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-1 H-1 ,2,4-triazol-1 -yl)acrylic acid (24 g) and acetone (240 mL) was stirred for complete dissolution at 30°C. Dicyclohexyl amine (1 5 mL) was added drop wise for 20 minutes under stirring at the same temperature. Acetone (50 mL) was added to the reaction mixture and stirred for 2 hours at 27°C. Filtered the solid and washed with hot acetone (150 mL) and dried in vacuum drier at 30°C for 1 hour to obtain the Dicyclohexyl amine salt of (Z)-3-(3-(3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-1 H-1 ,2,4-triazol-1 -yl)acrylic acid. To the above salt, dichloromethane (150 mL) and water (1 00 mL) was added and stirred for complete dissolution at 30and adjusted the pH of the solution with 2 N sulphuric acid (100 mL) to 2. Filtered the reaction mixture and washed the product with water (1 00 mL) and then with hexane (150 mL). The solid was dried under vacuum at 40°C for 0.5 hour to obtain title compound with HPLC purity 99.98% with no detectable content of trans-isomer. Yield: 17 g

Example-4: Preparation of Selinexor

(Z)-3-(3-(3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-1 H-1 ,2,4-triazol-1 -yl)acrylic acid (10 g) was combined with a mixture of acetonitrile (1 00 mL) and ethyl acetate (50 mL) then added the 2-hydrazinylpyrazine (3.76 g) and stirred for 5 min. Reaction mixture was cooled to 0°C and diisopropyl ethyl amine (16.63 ml) and then Propylphosphonic anhydride (T₃P, 33.31 mL) was added at 0°C and stirred the reaction mixture for 2.5 hours at the same temperature. After completion of the reaction, the reaction mixture was quenched with cold water (100 mL) and extracted the product with ethyl acetate (2 x 150 mL). The combined organic layer was dried over sodium sulphate and evaporated the solvent under vacuum at 40°C to obtain the crude product as yellow syrup. The obtained crude product was combined with dichloromethane (1 00 mL) and filtered the solid and washed with dichloromethane (2 x 50 mL). The solid was dried under vacuum at 40°C to obtain the title compound with purity by HPLC of 99.86%. Yield : 7 g

PATENT
WO 2018129227

References

^ Jump up to:^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Fung HY, Chook YM (2014). “Atomic basis of CRM1-cargo recognition, release and inhibition”. Semin Cancer Biol. 27: 52–61. doi:10.1016/j.semcancer.2014.03.002. PMC 4108548. PMID 24631835.
^ Jump up to:^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Gandhi UH, Senapedis W, Baloglu E, Unger TJ, Chari A, Vogl D; et al. (2018). “Clinical implications of targeting XPO1-mediated nuclear export in multiple myeloma”. Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk. 18 (5): 335–345. doi:10.1016/j.clml.2018.03.003. PMID 29610030.
^ Jump up to:^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Feuerstein, Adam (2019-07-03). “FDA approves new multiple myeloma drug despite toxicity concerns”. STAT. Retrieved 2019-07-06.
^ Jump up to:^a ^b ^c Mulcahy, Nick (2019-07-03). “FDA Approves Selinexor for Refractory Multiple Myeloma”. Medscape. Retrieved 2019-07-06.
^ Jump up to:^a ^b ^c Chim CS, Kumar SK, Orlowski RZ, Cook G, Richardson PG, Gertz MA; et al. (2018). “Management of relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma: novel agents, antibodies, immunotherapies and beyond”. Leukemia. 32 (2): 252–262. doi:10.1038/leu.2017.329. PMC 5808071. PMID 29257139.
^ Barrett, Jennifer (2019-07-03). “New Treatment for Refractory Multiple Myeloma Granted FDA Approval”. Pharmacy Times. Retrieved 2019-07-07.
^ Jump up to:^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g “XPOVIO Prescribing Information” (PDF). Newton, MA: Karyopharm Therapeutics. 2019-07-03. Retrieved 2019-07-06.
^ Jump up to:^a ^b Chen C, Siegel D, Gutierrez M, Jacoby M, Hofmeister CC, Gabrail N (2018). “Safety and efficacy of selinexor in relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma and Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia”. Blood. 131 (8): 855–863. doi:10.1182/blood-2017-08-797886. PMID 29203585.
^ Jump up to:^a ^b ^c ^d Parikh K, Cang S, Sekhri A, Liu D; et al. (2014). “Selective inhibitors of nuclear export (SINE)—a novel class of anti-cancer agents”. J Hematol Oncol. 7: 78. doi:10.1186/s13045-014-0078-0. PMC 4200201. PMID 25316614.

REFERENCES

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2: Crochiere ML, Hannus S, Hansen K, Becker F, Baloglu E, Lee M, Kauffman M, Shacham S, Landesman Y. XPO1 target occupancy measurements confirm the selinexor recommended phase 2 dose. Oncotarget. 2017 Nov 30;8(66):110503-110516. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.22801. eCollection 2017 Dec 15. PubMed PMID: 29299164; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC5746399.

3: Chim CS, Kumar SK, Orlowski RZ, Cook G, Richardson PG, Gertz MA, Giralt S, Mateos MV, Leleu X, Anderson KC. Management of relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma: novel agents, antibodies, immunotherapies and beyond. Leukemia. 2017 Jan 16. doi: 10.1038/leu.2017.329. [Epub ahead of print] Review. PubMed PMID: 29257139.

4: Bobillo S, Abrisqueta P, Carpio C, Raheja P, Castellví J, Crespo M, Bosch F. Promising activity of selinexor in the treatment of a patient with refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and central nervous system involvement. Haematologica. 2017 Dec 14. pii: haematol.2017.181636. doi: 10.3324/haematol.2017.181636. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 29242296.

5: Chen C, Siegel D, Gutierrez M, Jacoby M, Hofmeister CC, Gabrail N, Baz R, Mau-Sorensen M, Berdeja JG, Savona M, Savoie L, Trudel S, Areethamsirikul N, Unger TJ, Rashal T, Hanke T, Kauffman M, Shacham S, Reece D. Safety and efficacy of selinexor in relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma and Waldenstrom’s macroglobulinemia. Blood. 2017 Dec 4. pii: blood-2017-08-797886. doi: 10.1182/blood-2017-08-797886. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 29203585.

6: Corno C, Stucchi S, De Cesare M, Carenini N, Stamatakos S, Ciusani E, Minoli L, Scanziani E, Argueta C, Landesman Y, Zaffaroni N, Gatti L, Perego P. FoxO-1 contributes to the efficacy of the combination of the XPO1 inhibitor selinexor and cisplatin in ovarian carcinoma preclinical models. Biochem Pharmacol. 2018 Jan;147:93-103. doi: 10.1016/j.bcp.2017.11.009. Epub 2017 Nov 16. PubMed PMID: 29155058.

7: Azmi AS, Li Y, Muqbil I, Aboukameel A, Senapedis W, Baloglu E, Landesman Y, Shacham S, Kauffman MG, Philip PA, Mohammad RM. Exportin 1 (XPO1) inhibition leads to restoration of tumor suppressor miR-145 and consequent suppression of pancreatic cancer cell proliferation and migration. Oncotarget. 2017 Jul 17;8(47):82144-82155. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.19285. eCollection 2017 Oct 10. PubMed PMID: 29137251; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC5669877.

8: Chen Y, Zhang L, Huang J, Hong X, Zhao J, Wang Z, Zhang K. Dasatinib and chemotherapy in a patient with early T-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia and NUP214-ABL1 fusion: A case report. Exp Ther Med. 2017 Nov;14(5):3979-3984. doi: 10.3892/etm.2017.5046. Epub 2017 Aug 28. PubMed PMID: 29067094; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC5647690.

9: Body S, Esteve-Arenys A, Miloudi H, Recasens-Zorzo C, Tchakarska G, Moros A, Bustany S, Vidal-Crespo A, Rodriguez V, Lavigne R, Com E, Casanova I, Mangues R, Weigert O, Sanjuan-Pla A, Menéndez P, Marcq B, Picquenot JM, Pérez-Galán P, Jardin F, Roué G, Sola B. Cytoplasmic cyclin D1 controls the migration and invasiveness of mantle lymphoma cells. Sci Rep. 2017 Oct 24;7(1):13946. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-14222-1. PubMed PMID: 29066743; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC5654982.

10: Broccoli A, Argnani L, Zinzani PL. Peripheral T-cell lymphomas: Focusing on novel agents in relapsed and refractory disease. Cancer Treat Rev. 2017 Nov;60:120-129. doi: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2017.09.002. Epub 2017 Sep 18. Review. PubMed PMID: 28946015.

11: Soung YH, Kashyap T, Nguyen T, Yadav G, Chang H, Landesman Y, Chung J. Selective Inhibitors of Nuclear Export (SINE) compounds block proliferation and migration of triple negative breast cancer cells by restoring expression of ARRDC3. Oncotarget. 2017 May 18;8(32):52935-52947. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.17987. eCollection 2017 Aug 8. PubMed PMID: 28881784; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC5581083.

12: Garg M, Kanojia D, Mayakonda A, Ganesan TS, Sadhanandhan B, Suresh S, S S, Nagare RP, Said JW, Doan NB, Ding LW, Baloglu E, Shacham S, Kauffman M, Koeffler HP. Selinexor (KPT-330) has antitumor activity against anaplastic thyroid carcinoma in vitro and in vivo and enhances sensitivity to doxorubicin. Sci Rep. 2017 Aug 29;7(1):9749. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-10325-x. PubMed PMID: 28852098; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC5575339.

13: Conforti F, Zhang X, Rao G, De Pas T, Yonemori Y, Rodriguez JA, McCutcheon JN, Rahhal R, Alberobello AT, Wang Y, Zhang YW, Guha U, Giaccone G. Therapeutic Effects of XPO1 Inhibition in Thymic Epithelial Tumors. Cancer Res. 2017 Oct 15;77(20):5614-5627. doi: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-17-1323. Epub 2017 Aug 17. PubMed PMID: 28819023.

14: Arango NP, Yuca E, Zhao M, Evans KW, Scott S, Kim C, Gonzalez-Angulo AM, Janku F, Ueno NT, Tripathy D, Akcakanat A, Naing A, Meric-Bernstam F. Selinexor (KPT-330) demonstrates anti-tumor efficacy in preclinical models of triple-negative breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res. 2017 Aug 15;19(1):93. doi: 10.1186/s13058-017-0878-6. PubMed PMID: 28810913; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC5557476.

15: Schaffer M, Chaturvedi S, Davis C, Aquino R, Stepanchick E, Versele M, Liu Y, Yang J, Lu R, Balasubramanian S. Identification of potential ibrutinib combinations in hematological malignancies using a combination high-throughput screen. Leuk Lymphoma. 2017 Jul 28:1-10. doi: 10.1080/10428194.2017.1349899. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 28750570.

16: Muz B, Azab F, de la Puente P, Landesman Y, Azab AK. Selinexor Overcomes Hypoxia-Induced Drug Resistance in Multiple Myeloma. Transl Oncol. 2017 Aug;10(4):632-640. doi: 10.1016/j.tranon.2017.04.010. Epub 2017 Jun 29. PubMed PMID: 28668761; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC5496204.

17: Gupta A, Saltarski JM, White MA, Scaglioni PP, Gerber DE. Therapeutic Targeting of Nuclear Export Inhibition in Lung Cancer. J Thorac Oncol. 2017 Sep;12(9):1446-1450. doi: 10.1016/j.jtho.2017.06.013. Epub 2017 Jun 21. PubMed PMID: 28647672; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC5572747.

18: Machlus KR, Wu SK, Vijey P, Soussou TS, Liu ZJ, Shacham E, Unger TJ, Kashyap T, Klebanov B, Sola-Visner M, Crochiere M, Italiano JE Jr, Landesman Y. Selinexor-induced thrombocytopenia results from inhibition of thrombopoietin signaling in early megakaryopoiesis. Blood. 2017 Aug 31;130(9):1132-1143. doi: 10.1182/blood-2016-11-752840. Epub 2017 Jun 19. PubMed PMID: 28630120; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC5580272.

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Selinexor
Clinical data

Trade names	Xpovio
Pregnancy category	Known to cause fetal harm
Routes of administration	Oral
Legal status
Legal status	US: ℞-only
Pharmacokinetic data
Protein binding	95%
Metabolism	Hepatic oxidation, glucuronidation, and conjugation, by CYP3A4, UGTand GST
Elimination half-life	6–8 h
Identifiers
IUPAC name [show]
CAS Number	1393477-72-9
PubChem CID	71481097
DrugBank	DB11942
UNII	31TZ62FO8F
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C₁₇H₁₁F₆N₇O
Molar mass	443.313 g·mol⁻¹
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image
SMILES [hide] C1=CN=C(C=N1)NNC(=O)/C=C\N2C=NC(=N2)C3=CC(=CC(=C3)C(F)(F)F)C(F)(F)F

Karyopharm’s Selinexor Receives Fast Track Designation from FDA for the Treatment of Patients with Penta-Refractory Multiple Myeloma

NEWTON, Mass., April 10, 2018 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) — Karyopharm Therapeutics Inc. (Nasdaq:KPTI), a clinical-stage pharmaceutical company, today announced that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has granted Fast Track designation to the Company’s lead, oral Selective Inhibitor of Nuclear Export (SINE) compound selinexor for the treatment of patients with multiple myeloma who have received at least three prior lines of therapy. The FDA’s statement, consistent with the design of Karyopharm’s Phase 2b STORM study, noted that the three prior lines of therapy include regimens comprised of an alkylating agent, a glucocorticoid, Velcade® (bortezomib), Kyprolis® (carfilzomib), Revlimid® (lenalidomide), Pomalyst® (pomalidomide) and Darzalex® (daratumumab). In addition, the patient’s disease must be refractory to at least one proteasome inhibitor (Velcade or Kyprolis), one immunomodulatory agent (Revlimid or Pomalyst), glucocorticoids and to Darzalex, as well as to the most recent therapy. The Company expects to report top-line data from the STORM study at the end of April 2018.

ChemSpider 2D Image | selinexor | C17H11F6N7O

The FDA’s Fast Track program facilitates the development of drugs intended to treat serious conditions and that have the potential to address unmet medical needs. A drug program with Fast Track status is afforded greater access to the FDA for the purpose of expediting the drug’s development, review and potential approval. In addition, the Fast Track program allows for eligibility for Accelerated Approval and Priority Review, if relevant criteria are met, as well as for Rolling Review, which means that a drug company can submit completed sections of its New Drug Application (NDA) for review by FDA, rather than waiting until every section of the NDA is completed before the entire application can be submitted for review.

“The designation of Fast Track for selinexor represents important recognition by the FDA of the potential of this anti-cancer agent to address the significant unmet need in the treatment of patients with penta-refractory myeloma that has continued to progress despite available therapies,” said Sharon Shacham, PhD, MBA, Founder, President and Chief Scientific Officer of Karyopharm. “We are fully committed to working closely with the FDA as we continue development of this potential new, orally-administered treatment for patients who currently have no other treatment options of proven benefit.”

About the Phase 2b STORM Study

In the multi-center, single-arm Phase 2b STORM (Selinexor Treatment of Refractory Myeloma) study, approximately 122 patients with heavily pretreated, penta-refractory myeloma receive 80mg oral selinexor twice weekly in combination with 20mg low-dose dexamethasone, also dosed orally twice weekly. Patients with penta-refractory disease are those who have previously received an alkylating agent, a glucocorticoid, two immunomodulatory drugs (IMiDs) (Revlimid® (lenalidomide) and Pomalyst® (pomalidomide)), two proteasome inhibitors (PIs) (Velcade® (bortezomib) and Kyprolis® (carfilzomib)), and the anti-CD38 monoclonal antibody Darzalex® (daratumumab), and their disease is refractory to at least one PI, at least one IMiD, Darzalex, glucocorticoids and their most recent anti-myeloma therapy. Overall response rate is the primary endpoint of the study, with duration of response and clinical benefit rate being secondary endpoints. All responses will be adjudicated by an Independent Review Committee (IRC).

About Selinexor

Selinexor (KPT-330) is a first-in-class, oral Selective Inhibitor of Nuclear Export (SINE) compound. Selinexor functions by binding with and inhibiting the nuclear export protein XPO1 (also called CRM1), leading to the accumulation of tumor suppressor proteins in the cell nucleus. This reinitiates and amplifies their tumor suppressor function and is believed to lead to the selective induction of apoptosis in cancer cells, while largely sparing normal cells. To date, over 2,300 patients have been treated with selinexor, and it is currently being evaluated in several mid- and later-phase clinical trials across multiple cancer indications, including in multiple myeloma in a pivotal, randomized Phase 3 study in combination with Velcade® (bortezomib) and low-dose dexamethasone (BOSTON), in combination with low-dose dexamethasone (STORM) and as a potential backbone therapy in combination with approved therapies (STOMP), and in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (SADAL), and liposarcoma (SEAL), among others. Additional Phase 1, Phase 2 and Phase 3 studies are ongoing or currently planned, including multiple studies in combination with one or more approved therapies in a variety of tumor types to further inform Karyopharm’s clinical development priorities for selinexor. Additional clinical trial information for selinexor is available at www.clinicaltrials.gov.

About Karyopharm Therapeutics

Karyopharm Therapeutics Inc. (Nasdaq:KPTI) is a clinical-stage pharmaceutical company focused on the discovery, development and subsequent commercialization of novel first-in-class drugs directed against nuclear transport and related targets for the treatment of cancer and other major diseases. Karyopharm’s SINE compounds function by binding with and inhibiting the nuclear export protein XPO1 (or CRM1). In addition to single-agent and combination activity against a variety of human cancers, SINE compounds have also shown biological activity in models of neurodegeneration, inflammation, autoimmune disease, certain viruses and wound-healing. Karyopharm, which was founded by Dr. Sharon Shacham, currently has several investigational programs in clinical or preclinical development.

/////////Selinexor, FDA 2019, セリネクソル ,KPT-330, KPT 330 , KPT330, AML, Glioma, Sarcoma, Leukemia, Fast Track, CANCER

Pracinostat

November 15, 2017 9:37 am / Leave a comment

ChemSpider 2D Image | Pracinostat | C20H30N4O2

2D chemical structure of 929016-96-6

Pracinostat

Molecular Formula C₂₀H₃₀N₄O₂
Average mass 358.478 Da

2-Propenamide, 3-[2-butyl-1-[2-(diethylamino)ethyl]-1H-benzimidazol-5-yl]-N-hydroxy-, (2E)-

929016-96-6 [RN]

SB939

(2E)-3-{2-butyl-1-[2-(diethylamino)ethyl]-1,3-benzodiazol-5-yl}-N-hydroxyprop-2-enamide

N-hydroxy-1-[(4-methoxyphenyl)methyl]-1H-indole-6-carboxamide

PCI 34051, UNII: GPO2JN4UON

929016-98-8 DI HCl salt, C20 H30 N4 O2 . 2 Cl H, 431.4
929016-96-6 (free base)
929016-97-7 (trifluoroacetate)

S*BIO (Originator)

Leukemia, acute myeloid, phase 3, helsinn

CAS 929016-98-8 DI HCl salt, C20 H30 N4 O2 . 2 Cl H, 431.4

E)-3-[2-Butyl-1-(2-diethylaminoethyl)-1H-benzimidazol-5-yl]-N-hydroxyacrylamide Dihydrochloride Salt

Pracinostat (SB939) is an orally bioavailable, small-molecule histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor based on hydroxamic acid with potential anti-tumor activity characterized by favorable physicochemical, pharmaceutical, and pharmacokinetic properties.

WO-2017192451 describes Novel polymorphic crystalline forms of pracinostat (designated as Form 3) and their hydrates, processes for their preparation and compositions and combination comprising them are claimed. Also claimed is their use for inhibiting histone deacetylase and treating cancer, such as myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), acute myeloid leukemia (AML), breast cancer, colon cancer, prostate cancer, pancreas cancer, leukemia, lymphoma, ovary cancer, melanoma and neuroblastoma.

See WO2014070948 , Helsinn , under sub-license from MEI Pharma (under license from S*Bio), is developing pracinostat, an oral HDAC inhibitor, for treating hematological tumors, including AML, MDS and myelofibrosis.

The oncolytic agent pracinostat hydrochloride is an antagonist of histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1) and 2 (HDAC2) that was discovered by the Singapore-based company S*BIO. Helsinn obtained the exlusive development and commercialization rights in July 2016, and is conducting phase III clinical trials in combination with azacitidine in adults with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia. Phase II trials are also under way for the treatment of previously untreated intermediate-2 or high risk myelodysplastic syndrome patients and for the treatment of primary or post essential thrombocythemia/polycythemia vera) in combination with ruxolitinib.In North America, S*BIO had been conducting phase II clinical trials of pracinostat hydrochloride in patients with solid tumors and for the treatment of myeloproliferative diseases and phase I clinical trials in patients with leukemia; however, recent progress reports are not available at present. The University of Queensland had been evaluating the compound in preclinical studies for malaria.

University of Queensland

Image result for MEI Pharma

MEI Pharma

The Canadian Cancer Society Research Institute (the research branch of the Canadian Cancer Society upon its integration with the National Cancer Institute of Canada to form the new Canadian Cancer Society) is conducting phase II clinical trials in Canada for the treatment of recurrent or metastatic prostate cancer.

Image result for Canadian Cancer Society Research Institute

Canadian Cancer Society Research Institute

In 2012, the product was licensed to MEI Pharma by S*BIO on a worldwide basis. In 2016, MEI Pharma and Helsinn entered into a licensing, development and commercialization agreement by which Helsinn obtained exclusive worldwide rights (including manufacturing and commercialization rights).

Image result for HELSINN

HELSINN

In 2014, the FDA assigned an orphan drug designation to MEI Pharma for the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia. In 2016, the product received breakthrough therapy designation in the U.S. in combination with azacitidine for the treatment of patients with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia (AML) who are older than 75 years of age or unfit for intensive chemotherapy.

Pracinostat is an orally available, small-molecule histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Pracinostat inhibits HDACs, which may result in the accumulation of highly acetylated histones, followed by the induction of chromatin remodeling; the selective transcription of tumor suppressor genes; the tumor suppressor protein-mediated inhibition of tumor cell division; and, finally, the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. This agent may possess improved metabolic, pharmacokinetic and pharmacological properties compared to other HDAC inhibitors.

Pracinostat is a novel HDAC inhibitor with improved in vivo properties compared to other HDAC inhibitors currently in clinical trials, allowing oral dosing. Data demonstrate that Pracinostat is a potent and effective anti-tumor drug with potential as an oral therapy for a variety of human hematological and solid tumors

SYNTHESIS

Clinically tested HDAC inhibitors.

Activity

Pracinostat selectively inhibits HDAC class I,II,IV without class III and HDAC6 in class IV,^[1] but has no effect on other Zn-binding enzymes, receptors, and ion channels. It accumulates in tumor cells and exerts a continuous inhibition to histone deacetylase,resulting in acetylated histones accumulation, chromatin remodeling, tumor suppressor genes transcription, and ultimately, apoptosis of tumor cells.^[2]

Clinical medication

Clinical studies suggests that pracinostat has potential best pharmacokinetic properties when compared to other oral HDAC inhibitors.^[3]In March 2014, pracinostat has granted Orphan Drug for acute myelocytic leukemia (AML) and for the treatment of T-cell lymphoma by the Food and Drug Administration.

Clinical Trials

CTID	Title	Phase	Status	Date
NCT03151304	A Safety and Efficacy Study of Pracinostat and Azacitidine in Patients With High Risk Myelodysplastic Syndromes	2	Recruiting	2017-10-27
NCT03151408	An Efficacy and Safety Study Of Pracinostat In Combination With Azacitidine In Adults With Acute Myeloid Leukemia	3	Recruiting	2017-10-17
NCT02267278	Ruxolitinib and Pracinostat Combination Therapy for Patients With Myelofibrosis (MF)	2	Active, not recruiting	2017-04-27
NCT01873703	Phase 2 Study of Pracinostat With Azacitidine in Patients With Previously Untreated Myelodysplastic Syndrome	2	Active, not recruiting	2017-04-21
NCT02118909	Evaluate the Effects of Itraconazole and Ciprofloxacin on Single-Dose PK of Pracinostat in Healthy Nonsmoking Subjects	1	Completed	2017-02-22
NCT02058784	Study to Evaluate the Food Effect of Single-dose Bioavailability of Pracinostat in Healthy Adult Subjects	1	Completed	2017-02-22
NCT01993641	Phase 2 Study Adding Pracinostat to a Hypomethylating Agent (HMA) in Patients With MDS Who Failed to Respond to Single Agent HMA	2	Completed	2017-02-22
NCT01112384	A Study of SB939 in Patients With Translocation-Associated Recurrent/Metastatic Sarcomas	2	Completed	2016-11-25
NCT01184274	A Phase I Study of SB939 in Pediatric Patients With Refractory Solid Tumours and Leukemia	1	Completed	2014-01-16
NCT01200498	Study of SB939 in Subjects With Myelofibrosis	2	Completed	2013-12-13

from ClinicalTrials.gov

PATENT

WO2005028447

Inventors	Dizhong Chen, Weiping Deng, Kanda Sangthongpitag, Hong Yan Song, Eric T. Sun, Niefang Yu, Yong Zou,
Applicant	S*Bio Pte Ltd

Scheme I

Scheme II

Scheme III

Scheme IV

Scheme V

PAPER

Discovery of (2E)-3-{2-Butyl-1-[2-(diethylamino)ethyl]-1H-benzimidazol-5-yl}-N-hydroxyacrylamide (SB939), an Orally Active Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor with a Superior Preclinical Profile

^†Chemistry Discovery, ^‡Biology Discovery, and ^§Pre-Clinical Development, S*BIO Pte Ltd., 1 Science Park Road, No. 05-09 The Capricorn, Singapore Science Park II, Singapore 117528, Singapore

J. Med. Chem., 2011, 54 (13), pp 4694–4720

DOI: 10.1021/jm2003552

Phone: +65-68275019. Fax: +65-68275005. E-mail: haishan_wang@sbio.com.

http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/jm2003552

Abstract

A series of 3-(1,2-disubstituted-1H-benzimidazol-5-yl)-N-hydroxyacrylamides (1) were designed and synthesized as HDAC inhibitors. Extensive SARs have been established for in vitro potency (HDAC1 enzyme and COLO 205 cellular IC₅₀), liver microsomal stability (t_1/2), cytochrome P450 inhibitory (3A4 IC₅₀), and clogP, among others. These parameters were fine-tuned by carefully adjusting the substituents at positions 1 and 2 of the benzimidazole ring. After comprehensive in vitro and in vivo profiling of the selected compounds, SB939 (3) was identified as a preclinical development candidate. 3 is a potent pan-HDAC inhibitor with excellent druglike properties, is highly efficacious in in vivo tumor models (HCT-116, PC-3, A2780, MV4-11, Ramos), and has high and dose-proportional oral exposures and very good ADME, safety, and pharmaceutical properties. When orally dosed to tumor-bearing mice, 3 is enriched in tumor tissue which may contribute to its potent antitumor activity and prolonged duration of action. 3 is currently being tested in phase I and phase II clinical trials.

(E)-3-[2-Butyl-1-(2-diethylaminoethyl)-1H-benzimidazol-5-yl]-N-hydroxyacrylamide Dihydrochloride Salt (3)

The freebase of 3 was prepared according to procedure D. The hydroxamic acid moiety was identified by ¹H–¹⁵N HSQC (DMSO-d₆) with δ_N = 169.0 ppm (CONHOH). Other nitrogens in 3were identified by ¹H–¹⁵N HMBC (DMSO-d₆) with δ_N of 241.4 ppm for N³ of the benzimidazole ring, 152.3 ppm for N¹, and 41.3 ppm for the diethylamino group (reference to nitromethane δ_N = 380.0 ppm in CDCl₃). The dihydrochloride salt of 3 was prepared according to procedure D as white or off-white solid or powder in ∼60% yield from 9 in two steps. LC–MS m/z 359.2 ([M + H]⁺).

¹H NMR (DMSO-d₆) δ 11.79 (brs, 1H, NH or OH), 10.92 (very br s, 1H), 8.18 (d, J = 8.6 Hz, 1H), 7.97 (s, 1H), 7.79 (d, J = 8.6 Hz, 1H), 7.64 (d, J = 15.8 Hz, 1H), 6.65 (d, J = 15.8 Hz, 1H), 5.01 (t-like, J = 7.7 Hz, 2H), 3.48 (m, 2H), 3.30–3.19 (m, 6H), 1.87 (quintet, J = 7.8 Hz, 2H), 1.47 (sextet, J = 7.5 Hz, 2H), 1.29 (t, J = 7.2 Hz, 6H), 0.97 (t, J = 7.3 Hz, 3H);

¹³C NMR (DMSO-d₆) δ 162.3, 156.0, 137.3 (CH), 132.8, 132.3, 132.0 (br, identified by HMBC), 124.7 (CH), 120.2 (CH), 113.1 (2 × CH), 48.2, 46.3, 39.0, 28.1, 25.0, 21.7, 13.6, 8.3.

Anal. (C₂₀H₃₀N₄O₂·2HCl·0.265H₂O) C, H, N, Cl. Water content = 1.09% (Karl Fisher method). HRMS (ESI) m/z [M + H]⁺ calcd for C₂₀H₃₁N₄O₂, 359.2442; found, 359.2449.

PATENT

WO 2007030080

http://google.com/patents/WO2007030080A1?cl=en


Inventors	Dizhong Chen, Weiping Deng, Ken Chi Lik Lee, Pek Ling Lye, Eric T. Sun, Haishan Wang, Niefang Yu,
Applicant	S*Bio Pte Ltd

SEE

WO 2008108741

WO 2014070948

Patent

WO-2017192451

References

Jump up^ “In vitro enzyme activity of SB939 and SAHA”. 22 Aug 2014.
Jump up^ “The oral HDAC inhibitor pracinostat (SB939) is efficacious and synergistic with the JAK2 inhibitor pacritinib (SB1518) in preclinical models of AML”. Blood Cancer Journal. doi:10.1038/bcj.2012.14.
Jump up^ Veronica Novotny-Diermayr; et al. (March 9, 2010). “SB939, a Novel Potent and Orally Active Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor with High Tumor Exposure and Efficacy in Mouse Models of Colorectal Cancer”. Mol Cancer Ther. doi:10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-09-0689.

PATENT

Cited Patent	Filing date	Publication date	Applicant	Title
WO2005028447A1 *	Sep 21, 2004	Mar 31, 2005	S*Bio Pte Ltd	Benzimidazole derivates: preparation and pharmaceutical applications
US20050137234 *	Dec 14, 2004	Jun 23, 2005	Syrrx, Inc.	Histone deacetylase inhibitors

Reference
1		None
2		See also references of EP1937650A1

Citing Patent	Filing date	Publication date	Applicant	Title
WO2009084544A1 *	Dec 24, 2008	Jul 9, 2009	Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd.	Nitrogen-containing heterocyclic derivative and organic electroluminescent device using the same
WO2010043953A2 *	Oct 14, 2009	Apr 22, 2010	Orchid Research Laboratories Ltd.	Novel bridged cyclic compounds as histone deacetylase inhibitors
WO2010043953A3 *	Oct 14, 2009	Mar 24, 2011	Orchid Research Laboratories Ltd.	Novel bridged cyclic compounds as histone deacetylase inhibitors
WO2017030938A1 *	Aug 12, 2016	Feb 23, 2017	Incyte Corporation	Heterocyclic compounds and uses thereof
DE102007037579A1	Aug 9, 2007	Feb 19, 2009	Emc Microcollections Gmbh	Neue Benzimidazol-2-yl-alkylamine und ihre Anwendung als mikrobizide Wirkstoffe
US8865912	Jan 27, 2014	Oct 21, 2014	Glaxosmithkline Llc	Benzimidazole derivatives as PI3 kinase inhibitors
US9024029	Sep 3, 2013	May 5, 2015	Mei Pharma, Inc.	Benzimidazole derivatives: preparation and pharmaceutical applications
US9062003	Sep 9, 2014	Jun 23, 2015	Glaxosmithkline Llc	Benzimidazole derivatives as PI3 kinase inhibitors
US9156797	May 15, 2015	Oct 13, 2015	Glaxosmithkline Llc	Benzimidazole derivatives as PI3 kinase inhibitors
US9402829	Feb 20, 2015	Aug 2, 2016	Mei Pharma, Inc.	Benzimidazole derivatives: preparation and pharmaceutical applications
US9717713	Jun 10, 2016	Aug 1, 2017	Mei Pharma, Inc.	Benzimidazole derivatives: preparation and pharmaceutical applications

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US2010098691	COMBINATION OF BENZIMIDAZOLE ANTI-CANCER AGENT AND A SECOND ANTI-CANCER AGENT	2010-04-22
US2016069887	BIOMARKERS FOR PROGNOSIS	2014-04-08	2016-03-10
US8937050	Methods and compositions for treatment of autism	2012-10-31	2015-01-20

Patent ID	Patent Title	Submitted Date	Granted Date
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US2015258068	COMBINATION THERAPIES	2013-10-30	2015-09-17
US2015182490	METHODS FOR TREATING TYROSINE-KINASE-INHIBITOR-RESISTANT MALIGNANCIES IN PATIENTS WITH GENETIC POLYMORPHISMS OR AHI1 DYSREGULATIONS OR MUTATIONS EMPLOYING DIANHYDROGALACTITOL, DIACETYLDIANHYDROGALACTITOL, DIBROMODULCITOL, OR ANALOGS OR DERIVATIVES THEREOF	2013-06-24	2015-07-02

Patent ID	Patent Title	Submitted Date	Granted Date
US8143282	Heterocyclic Compounds	2009-02-19	2012-03-27
US2017020874	COMPOUNDS AND METHODS FOR IMPROVING IMPAIRED ENDOGENOUS FIBRINOLYSIS USING HISTONE DEACETYLASE INHIBITORS	2015-12-01
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Pracinostat
Names

IUPAC name (E)-3-(2-Butyl-1-(2-(diethylamino)ethyl)-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-5-yl)-N-hydroxyacrylamide
Other names Pracinostat
Identifiers
CAS Number	929016-96-6
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image
ChemSpider	25027185
PubChem CID	49855250
InChI [show]
SMILES [show]
Properties
Chemical formula	C₂₀H₃₀N₄O₂
Molar mass	358.49 g·mol⁻¹
Density	1.1±0.1 g/cm³
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).

//////////////Pracinostat, PCI 34051, SB939, orphan drug designation, Leukemia, acute myeloid, phase 3, helsinn

CCCCC1=NC2=C(N1CCN(CC)CC)C=CC(=C2)C=CC(=O)NO

“NEW DRUG APPROVALS” CATERS TO EDUCATION GLOBALLY, No commercial exploits are done or advertisements added by me. This is a compilation for educational purposes only. P.S. : The views expressed are my personal and in no-way suggest the views of the professional body or the company that I represent

HAO 472

July 8, 2016 4:08 am / Leave a comment

.CF3COOH

HAO 472

PHASE 1 CHINA

PRoject Name: HAO472 treatment Phase I clinical trial in relapsed / refractory AML, M2b type of AML

The main purpose: to determine HAO472 treatment of relapsed / refractory C the maximum tolerated dose (MTD). Secondary objectives: 1) evaluation of drug safety and tolerability; 2) study HAO472 in pharmacokinetic characteristics of the human body; 3) the effectiveness of HAO472 treatment of relapsed / refractory M2b type of AML.

Introduction Test

Acute myelogenous leukemia

HAO472

Phase I

Test Number: CTR20150246

Sponsor Name:

Jiangsu Hengrui Medicine Co., Ltd. 1/
2 Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine /
3 Jiangsu Hengrui Medicine Co., Ltd. /
4 Shanghai Hengrui Medicine Co., Ltd. /

Natural products have historically been, and continue to be, an invaluable source for the discovery of various therapeutic agents. Oridonin, a natural diterpenoid widely applied in traditional Chinese medicines, exhibits a broad range of biological effects including anticancer and anti-inflammatory activities. To further improve its potency, aqueous solubility and bioavailability, the oridonin template serves as an exciting platform for drug discovery to yield better candidates with unique targets and enhanced drug properties. A number of oridonin derivatives (e.g. HAO472) have been designed and synthesized, and have contributed to substantial progress in the identification of new agents and relevant molecular mechanistic studies toward the treatment of human cancers and other diseases. This review summarizes the recent advances in medicinal chemistry on the explorations of novel oridonin analogues as potential anticancer therapeutics, and provides a detailed discussion of future directions for the development and progression of this class of molecules into the clinic.

Highlights

Oridonin displays significant anticancer activities via multi-signaling pathways.

Recent advances in medicinal chemistry of oridonin-like compounds are presented.

The article summarizes the SAR and mechanism studies of relevant drug candidates.

The milestones and future direction of oridonin-based drug discovery are discussed.

European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry

Volume 122, 21 October 2016, Pages 102–117

Review article

Discovery and development of natural product oridonin-inspired anticancer agents

^a Chemical Biology Program, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555, United States
^b Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, Division of Cancer Prevention and Population Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, United States

SEE http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0223523416304937

doi:10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.06.015

Major milestones achieved in oridonin-inspired drug discovery and development.

////////Natural product, Oridonin, Diterpenoids, Anticancer agents, Drug discovery, Chemical biology, AML, HAO 472, relapsed / refractory AML. Jiangsu Hengrui Medicine Co., Ltd, PHASE1, LEUKEMIA

C[C@H](N)C(=O)O[C@]15OC[C@@]2([C@H](O)CCC(C)(C)[C@@H]2[C@H]1O)[C@H]3CC[C@@H]4C(=C)C(=O)[C@@]35C4O

Umbralisib, TGR-1202, a Phosphoinositide-3 kinase delta inhibitor, Rhizen Pharmaceuticals S.A./TG Therapeutics

December 11, 2015 3:48 am / Leave a comment

TGR 1202, TGR-1202-101, RP 5264, Umbralisib

AK173784;

(S)-2-(1-(4-amino-3-(3-fluoro-4-isopropoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)ethyl)-6-fluoro-3-(3-fluorophenyl)-4H-chromen-4-one

(S)-2-(l-(4-amino-3-(3-fluoro-4-isopropoxyphenyl)-lH-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-l-yl)ethyl)-3-(3-fluorophenyl)-4H-chromen-4-one,

2-[(1S)-1-[4-amino-3-(3-fluoro-4-propan-2-yloxyphenyl)pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]ethyl]-6-fluoro-3-(3-fluorophenyl)chromen-4-one

CAS TOSYLATE 1532533-72-4 Umbralisib tosylate

CAS 1532533-67-7, 1514919-95-9

Molecular Formula:	C₃₁H₂₄F₃N₅O₃
Molecular Weight:	571.54917 g/mol

RP-5307
TGR-1202
TGR-1202 PTSA
FU8XW5V3FS (UNII code)
RP-5264 (free base)

A PI3K inhibitor potentially for treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia, leukemia，lymphoma，B-cell

TGR‐1202, a next generation PI3K-δ delta inhibitor. TGR-1202 (RP-5264) is a highly specific, orally available, PI3K delta inhibitor, targeting the delta isoform with nanomolar potency and several fold selectivity over the alpha, beta, and gamma isoforms of PI3K.

TG Therapeutics, under license from Rhizen Pharmaceuticals, is developing TGR-1202 (structure shown; formerly RP-5264), a lead from a program of PI3K delta inhibitors, for the potential oral treatment of hematological cancers including Hodgkin lymphoma, non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), B-cell lymphoma and mantle cell lymphoma (MCL)

Incozen Therapeutics Pvt Ltd

TG Therapeutics

TGR-1202 potential to perform as the best PI3K inhibitor in its class and the possible superiority of TG-1101 over Rituxan®.

	Rhizen Pharmaceuticals S.A.
Description	Phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) delta inhibitor

Leukemia, chronic lymphocytic PHASE 3, TG Therapeutics

Orphan Drug

Umbralisib is a novel phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase delta (PI3Kdelta) inhibitor under development at TG Therapeutics in phase III clinical trials, in combination with ublituximab, for the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and for the treatment of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). The company refers to the combination regimen of ublituximab and TGR-1202 as TG-1303. The drug is also in phase II clinical development for the oral treatment of hematologic malignancies, as a single agent or in combination therapy. Phase I clinical trials are ongoing in patients with select relapsed or refractory solid tumors, such as adenocarcinoma of the pancreas, adenocarcinoma of the colon, rectum, gastric and GE junction cancer, and GI Stromal Tumor (GIST).

In 2016, orphan drug designation was assigned to the compound in the U.S. for the treatment of CLL. In 2017, additional orphan drug designation was granted in the U.S. for the treatment of CLL and DLBCL, in combination with ublituximab.

Originated by Rhizen Pharmaceuticals, the product was jointly developed by Rhizen Pharmaceuticals and TG Therapeutics since 2012. In 2014, exclusive global development and commercialization rights (excluding India) were licensed to TG Therapeutics.

CLINICAL TRIALS……….https://clinicaltrials.gov/search/intervention=TGR-1202

B-cell lymphoma; Chronic lymphocytic leukemia; Hematological neoplasm; Hodgkins disease; Mantle cell lymphoma; Non-Hodgkin lymphoma

Phosphoinositide-3 kinase delta inhibitor

SYNTHESIS

Rhizen Pharmaceuticals Announces Out-licensing Agreement for TGR-1202, a Novel Next Generation PI3K-delta Inhibitor

Rhizen to receive upfront payment of $8.0 million — Rhizen to retain global manufacturing and supply rights — Rhizen to retain development and commercialization for India

Rhizen to retain development and commercialization for India

September 23, 2014 09:00 ET | Source: Rhizen Pharmaceuticals SA

La Chaux-de-Fonds, Switzerland, Sept. 23, 2014 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) — Rhizen Pharmaceuticals S.A. today announced an out-licensing agreement for TGR-1202, a novel next generation PI3K-delta inhibitor. TG Therapeutics exercised its option for early conversion to a licensing agreement from a 50:50 joint venture partnership.

In exchange for this licensing agreement, TG Therapeutics will pay Rhizen an upfront payment of $8.0 million ($4.0 million in cash and $4.0 million in TG Therapeutics common stock). In addition to the upfront payment, Rhizen will be eligible to receive regulatory filing, approval and sales based milestones in the aggregate of approximately $240 million, and tiered royalties based on net sales.

Swaroop Vakkalanka, Ph.D. and President of Rhizen stated, “We are extremely happy and take pride in discovering a novel, next generation, once-daily PI3K-delta inhibitor under active development led by TG Therapeutics. We are encouraged by the progress of TRG-1202 to date, and the speed at which TG Therapeutics is developing the asset in various hematological malignancies. We look forward to the day this novel drug reaches cancer patients in need of new and safe therapies.”

About Rhizen Pharmaceuticals S.A.:

Rhizen Pharmaceuticals is an innovative, clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company focused on the discovery and development of novel therapeutics for the treatment of cancer, immune and metabolic disorders. Since its establishment in 2008, Rhizen has created a diverse pipeline of proprietary drug candidates targeting several cancers and immune associated cellular pathways. Rhizen is headquartered in La-Chaux-de-Fonds, Switzerland. For additional information, please visit Rhizen’s website, www.rhizen.com.

TGR-1202.with Idelalisib and IPI-145 (left to right) for comparison.

IPI 145

PATENTS

WO 2011055215

http://www.google.com/patents/WO2011055215A2?cl=en

PATENT

WO 2015181728

https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=WO2015181728

TGR-1202, chemically known as (S)-2-(l-(4-amino-3-(3-fluoro-4-isopropoxyphenyl)-lH-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-l-yl)ethyl)-3-(3-fluorophenyl)-4H-chromen-4-one, has the following chemical structure:

Example 1: Preparation of the PTSA Salt of TGR-1202 (Form A)

7100 g of TGR-1202 was charged in a reactor containing 56.8 litres of acetone and stirred at ambient temperature. 4680 g of p-toluene sulphonic acid was added and the reaction mixture was heated at a temperature of 60-65° C for about 6 hours. The solvent was removed by distillation under reduced pressure to obtain a wet residue. The wet residue was degassed and allowed to cool to < 20° C. Approximately 142 litres of diethyl ether was then added and the resulting mixture was stirred overnight, then filtered to obtain a solid mass which was washed with diethyl ether and dried in vacuo to yield a solid mass. The solid mass was re-suspended in diethyl ether, stirred for 6 hours, and then filtered to yield a solid mass which was subsequently dissolved in 56.8 litres of acetone, filtered through a HiFlow bed, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The resulting residue mass was stirred with water overnight, then filtered and vacuum dried to yield 6600 g of the PTSA salt of TGR-1202. HPLC: 99.21% and chiral purity of 99.64:0.36 (S:R).

Example 2: Preparation of the PTSA Salt of TGR-1202 (Form B)

1000 g of TGR-1202 was charged in a reactor containing 8 litres of acetone and stirred at ambient temperature. 666 g of p-toluene sulphonic acid was then added and the reaction mixture was heated at a temperature of 60-65 °C for about 6 hours. The solvent was removed by distillation under reduced pressure to obtain a wet residue. The wet residue was degassed and allowed to cool to < 20° C. Approximately 20 litres of diethyl ether was added and the resulting mixture was stirred overnight, then filtered to obtain a solid mass which was washed with diethyl ether and dried in vacuo to yield a solid mass which was then vacuum dried to yield 1150 g of the PTSA salt of TGR-1202. HPLC: 99.33% and chiral purity: 99.61:0.39 (S:R).

Table 1 lists the XRPD pattern peaks and relative peak intensities for the products of Examples 1 and 2.

TABLE 1

The tablet composition comprising a PTSA salt of TGR-1202 prepared according to Example 2 exhibited a Cmax about 2.5 fold and an area under the curve (AUC) about 1.9 fold greater than that of the tablet composition comprising a PTSA salt of TGR-1202 prepared according to Example 1. The results are provided in Table 8 below.

TABLE 8

PATENT

WO 2014071125

http://www.google.com/patents/WO2014071125A1?cl=en

formula (A) that is a ΡΒΚδ selective inhibitor,

(A)

Synthesis of Compound of Formula A

Unless otherwise stated, purification implies column chromatography using silica gel as the stationary phase and a mixture of petroleum ether (boiling at 60-80°C) and ethyl acetate or dichloromethane and methanol of suitable polarity as the mobile phases. The term “RT” refers to ambient temperature (25-28°C).

Intermediate 1 : 2-( l-bromoethyl)-6-fluoro-3-f3-fluorophenyl)-4H-chromen-4-one

Step-1 [l-(5-Fluoro-2-hydroxyphenyl)-2-(3-fluorophenyl)ethanone]: 3- Fluorophenylacetic acid (7.33 g, 47.56 mmoles) was dissolved in 25 ml dichloromethane. To this mixture, oxalylchloride (7.54 g, 59.46 mmoles) and DMF (3 drops) were added at 0°C and stirred for 30 min. The solvent was evaporated and dissolved in 25 ml dichloromethane. To this mixture, 4-fluoroanisole (5.00 g, 39.64 mmoles) was added and cooled to 0°C. At 0°C A1C1₃ (7.95 g, 59.46 mmoles) was added and the reaction mixture was warmed to RT and stirred for 12 hours. The reaction mixture was quenched by the addition of 2N HC1, extracted with ethyl acetate, dried over sodium sulphate and concentrated. The crude product was purified by column chromatography with ethyl acetate :petroleum ether to afford the title compound as colorless solid (4.5 g, 45% yield). 1H-NMR (δ ppm, DMSO-D₆, 400 MHz): δ 11.34 (s, 1H), 7.75 (dd, J=9.4, 3.1 Hz, 1H), 7.42 (m, 2H), 7.12 (m, 3H), 7.05 (dd, J=9.0, 4.5 Hz, 1H), 4.47 (s, 2H).

Step-2 [2-Ethyl-6-fiuoro-3-(3-fluorophenyl)-4H-chromen-4-one]: l-(5-Fluoro-2- hydroxyphenyl)-2-(3-fluorophenyl)ethanone obtained from Step-1 (3.00 g, 12.08 mmoles) was placed in a round bottom flask and to this triethylamine (25 ml) and propionic anhydride (4.92 g, 37.82 mmoles) were added, and the mixture was refluxed for 24 hours. After cooling to RT, the reaction mixture was acidified by the addition of IN HC1 solution, extracted with ethyl acetate, washed with sodium bicarbonate solution, dried with sodium sulphate and concentrated. The crude product was purified by column chromatography with ethyl acetate :petroleum ether to afford the title compound as off-yellow solid (1.80 g, 52% yield). 1H-NMR (δ ppm, DMSO-D₆, 400 MHz): δ 7.80 (m, 1H), 7.76 (m, 2H), 7.51 (dd, J=8.0, 6.4 Hz), 7.22 (m, 1H), 7.18 (m, 2H), 2.56 (q, J=7.6 Hz, 2H), 1.20 (t, J=7.6 Hz, 3H).

Step-3: To a solution of 2-Ethyl-6-fluoro-3-(3-fluorophenyl)-4H-chromen-4-one obtained from Step-2 (1.80 g, 6.28 mmoles) in carbon tetrachloride (20 ml), N- bromosuccinimide (1.11 g, 6.28 mmoles) was added and heated to 80°C. Azobisisobutyronitrile (10 mg) was added to the reaction mixture at 80°C. After 12 hours, the reaction mixture was cooled to RT, diluted with dichloromethane and washed with water. The organic layer was dried over sodium sulphate and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford the crude title compound as yellow solid (1.25 g, 55% yield). 1H-NMR (δ ppm, DMSO-D₆, 400 MHz): δ 7.91 (dd, J=9.2, 4.3 Hz, 1H), 7.81 (dt, j=8.2, 2.8 Hz, 1H), 7.74 (dd, J=8.3, 3.1 Hz, 1H), 7.57 (m, 1H), 7.32 (dt, J=8.5, 2.4 Hz, 1H), 7.19 (m, 2H), 5.00 (q, J=6.8 Hz, 1H), 1.97 (d, J=6.8 Hz, 3H).

Intermediate 2: 6-fluoro-3-f3-fluorophenyl)-2-fl-hvdroxyethyl)-4H-chromen-4-one

To a solution of Intermediate 1 (15.0 g, 40.84 mmol) in DMSO (150 ml), n-butanol (7.5 ml) was added and heated to 120°C for 3 hours. The reaction mixture was cooled to RT, quenched with water and extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic layer was dried over sodium sulphate and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude product was purified by column chromatography with ethyl acetate: petroleum ether to afford the title compound as an off-white solid (7.90 g, 64%). 1H-NMR (δ ppm, CDC1₃, 400 MHz): 7.85 (dd, J = 8.1, 3 Hz, 1H), 7.54 (dd, J = 9.2, 4.2 Hz, 1H), 7.47-7.37 (m, 2H), 7.15-6.98 (m, 3H), 4.74 (quintet, J= 6.8 Hz, 1H), 2.23 (d, J = 7.4 Hz, 1H), 1.54 (d, J = 6.6 Hz, 3H).

Intermediate 3 : 2-acetyl-6-fluoro-3-( 3-fluorophenyl)-4H-chromen-4-one

DMSO (5.60 ml, 79.14 mmol) was added to dichloromethane (40 ml), and cooled to – 78°C, followed by oxalyl chloride (3.40 ml, 39.57 mmol). After 10 min., intermediate 2 (6.00 g, 19.78 mmol) in dichloromethane (54 ml) was added dropwise and stirred for 20 min.

Triethylamine (12 ml) was added and stirred for 1 hour. The reaction mixture was quenched with water and extracted with dichloromethane. The organic layer was dried over sodium sulphate and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude product was purified by column chromatography with ethyl acetate: petroleum ether to afford the title compound as a yellow solid (4.2 g, 71%) which was used as such in the next step.

Intermediate 4: fS)-6-fluoro-3-f3-fluorophenyl)-2-fl-hvdroxyethyl)-4H-chromen-4-one

To intermediate 3 (2.00 g, 6.66 mmol), R-Alpine borane (0.5 M in THF, 20 ml) was added and heated to 60°C for 20 hours. The reaction mixture quenched with 2N HC1, and extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic layer was dried over sodium sulphate and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude product was purified by column chromatography with ethyl acetate: petroleum ether to afford the title compound as an off-white solid (1.51 g, 75%).

Enantiomeric excess: 94.2%, enriched in the fast eluting isomer (retention time: 8.78 min.) as determined by HPLC on a chiralpak AD-H column.

Intermediate 5: fR)-l-f6-fluoro-3-f3-fluorophenyl)-4-oxo-4H-chromen-2-yl)ethyl 4- chlorobenzoate

To a solution of intermediate 4 (1.45 g, 4.78 mmol) in THF (15 ml), 4-chlorobenzoic acid (0.748 g, 4.78 mmol) and triphenylphosphine (1.88 g, 7.17 mmol) were added and heated to 45°C followed by diisopropylazodicarboxylate (1.4 ml, 7.17 mmol). After 1 hour, the reaction mixture was concentrated and the residue was purified by column chromatography with ethyl acetate: petroleum ether to afford the title compound as an off-white solid (1.81 g, 86%) which was used without purification in the next step. Intermediate 6: fR)-6-fluoro-3-f3-fluorophenyl)-2-fl-hvdroxyethyl)-4H-chromen-4-one

Method A

Intermediate 5 (1.75 g, 3.96 mmol) in methanol (17 ml) was cooled to 10°C, potassium carbonate (0.273 g, 1.98 mmol) was added and stirred for 30 min. The reaction mixture was concentrated, acidified with 2N HCl solution, extracted with ethyl acetate, dried over sodium sulphate and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude product was purified by column chromatography with ethyl acetate: petroleum ether to afford the title compound as a yellow solid (1.05 g, 87% yield). Enantiomeric excess: 93.6%>, enriched in the late eluting isomer (retention time: 11.12 min.) as determined by HPLC on a chiralpak AD-H column.

Method B

Step-1 [(R)-2-(l-(benzyloxy)ethyl)-6-fluoro-3-(3-fluorophenyl)-4H-chromen-4-one]: To l-(5-fluoro-2-hydroxyphenyl)-2-(3-fluorophenyl)ethanone (11.00 g, 44.31 mmol) in dichloromethane, HATU (33.7 g, 88.63 mmol) and R-(+)2-benzyloxypropionic acid (9.58 g, 53.17 mmol) were added and stirred for 10 min. Triethylamine (66.7 ml, 0.47 mol) was added dropwise and stirred at RT for 24 hours. The reaction mixture was quenched with water, extracted with dichloromethane, dried over sodium sulphate and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude product was purified by column chromatography with ethyl acetate:

petroleum ether to afford the title compound as a yellow solid (10.5 g, 60%> yield). 1H-NMR (δ ppm, CDCls, 400 MHz): 7.85 (dd, J = 8.1,3 Hz, 1H), 7.58 (dd, J = 9.1, 4.1 Hz, 1H), 7.47-7.39 (m, 1H), 7.39-7.34 (m, 1H), 7.28-7.20 (m, 3H), 7.20-7.14 (m, 2H), 7.16-7.07 (m, 1H), 6.99-6.89 (m, 2H), 4.50-4.31 (m, 3H), 1.56 (d, J = 6.4 Hz, 3H).

Step-2: (R)-2-(l-(benzyloxy)ethyl)-6-fluoro-3-(3-fluorophenyl)-4H-chromen-4-one obtained in Step-1 (10.5 g, 26.69 mmol) in dichloromethane (110 ml) was cooled to 0°C, aluminium chloride (5.35 g, 40.03 mmol) was added portionwise and stirred at RT for 6 hours. The reaction mixture was quenched with 2N HCl solution, extracted with dichloromethane, dried over sodium sulphate and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude product was purified by column chromatography with ethyl acetate: petroleum ether to afford intermediate 6 a yellow solid (6.1 g, 76% yield). Enantiomeric excess: 97.7%, enriched in the late eluting isomer (retention time: 11.12 min.) as determined by HPLC on a chiralpak AD-H column.

Intermediate 7: 4-bromo-2-fluoro-l-isopropoxybenzene

To a solution of 4-bromo-3-fluorophenol (10 g, 52.35 mmol) in THF (100ml), isopropyl alcohol (4.8 ml, 62.62 mmol) and triphenylphosphine (20.6 g, 78.52 mmol) were added and heated to 45°C followed by diisopropylazodicarboxylate (15.4 ml, 78.52 mmol). The mixture was refluxed for 1 hour, concentrated and the residue was purified by column

chromatography with ethyl acetate: petroleum ether to afford the title compound as a colorless liquid (13.1 g, 99% yield), which was used without purification in the next step.

Intermediate 8: 2-f3-fluoro-4-isopropoxyphenyl)-4,4,5.,5-tetramethyl-l,3i2-dioxaborolane

Potassium acetate (10.52 g, 107.2 mmol) and bis(pinacolato)diboron (15 g, 58.96 mmol) were added to a solution of intermediate 7 (10.52 g, 107.2 mmol) in dioxane (125 ml), and the solution was degassed for 30 min. [l, -Bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene]dichloro palladium(II) CH₂CI₂ (4.4 g, 5.36 mmol) was added under nitrogen atmosphere and heated to 80°C. After 12 hours, the reaction mixture was filtered through celite and concentrated. The crude product was purified by column chromatography with ethyl acetate: petroleum ether to afford the title compound as a yellow oil (13.9g, 99%) which was used without purification in the next step.

Intermediate 9: 3-f3-fluoro-4-isopropoxyphenyl)-lH-pyrazolo[3.,4-dlpyrimidin-4-amine

To a solution of 3-iodo-lH-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-amine (11.0 g, 42.14 mmol) in DMF (110 ml), ethanol (55 ml) and water (55 ml), intermediate 8 (23.4 g, 84.28 mmol) and sodium carbonate (13.3 g, 126.42 mmol) were added and degassed for 30 min.

Tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) (2.4 g, 2.10 mmol) was added under nitrogen atmosphere and heated to 80°C. After 12 hours, the reaction mixture was filtered through celite, concentrated and extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic layer was dried over sodium sulphate and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude product was triturated with diethyl ether, filtered and dried under vacuum to afford the title compound as light brown solid (3.2 g, 26% yield) which is used as such for the next step.

(RS)- 2-fl-f4-amino-3-f3-fluoro-4-isopropoxyphenyl)-lH-pyrazolo[3.,4-(ilpyrimi(iin-l- yl)ethyl)-6-fluoro-3-(3-fluorophenyl)-4H-chromen-4-one

To a solution of intermediate 9 (0.080 g, 0.293 mmol) in DMF (2 ml), potassium carbonate (0.081 g, 0.587 mmol) was added and stirred at RT for 10 min. To this mixture intermediate 1 (0.215 g, 0.587 mmol) was added and stirred for 12 hours. The reaction mixture was diluted with water and extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic layer was dried over sodium sulphate and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude product was purified by column chromatography with methanol: dichloromethane to afford the title compound as a pale yellow solid (0.045 g). MP: 175-177°C. 1H-NMR (δ ppm, DMSO-D₆, 400 MHz): δ 8.20 (s, 1H), 7.85 (dd, J = 81, 3.0 Hz, 1H), 7.48-7.33 (m, 5H), 7.14 (t, J= 8.3 Hz, 1H), 7.02 (m, 2H), 6.90 (m, 1H), 6.10 (q, J = 7.1 Hz, 1H), 5.42 (s, 2H), 4.64 (quintet, J = 6.0 Hz, 1H), 1.99 (d, J = 7.1 Hz, 3H), 1.42 (d, J= 6.1 Hz, 6H).

fS)-2-fl-f4-amino-3-f3-fluoro-4-isopropoxyphenyl)-lH-pyrazolo[3.,4-(ilpyrimi(iin-l- yl)ethyl)-6-fluoro-3-(3-fluorophenyl)-4H-chromen-4-one (“S-isomer”)

To a solution of intermediate 9 (0.134 g, 0.494 mmol) in THF (2.0 ml), intermediate 6 (0.150 g, 0.494 mmol) and triphenylphosphine (0.194 g, 0.741 mml) were added and stirred at RT for 5 min. Diisopropylazodicarboxylate (0.15 ml, 0.749 mmol) was added heated to 45°C. After 2 hours, the reaction mixture was quenched with water and extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic layer was dried over sodium sulphate and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude product was purified by column chromatography with ethyl acetate : petroleum ether to afford the title compound as an off-white solid (0.049 g, 20 % yield). MP: 139-142°C. Mass: 571.7 (M⁺). Enantiomeric excess: 89.8% as determined by HPLC on a chiralpak AD-H column, enriched in the fast eluting isomer (retention time = 10.64 min.). fR)-2-fl-f4-amino-3-f3-fluoro-4-isopropoxyphenyl)-lH-pyrazolo[3.,4-(ilpyrimi(iin-l- yl)ethyl)-6-fluoro-3-(3-fluorophenyl)-4H-ehromen-4-one

To a solution of intermediate 8 (0.284 g, 0.989 mmol) in THF (5.0 ml), intermediate 4 (0.250 g, 0.824 mmol) and tris(4-methoxy)phenylphosphine (0.435 g, 1.23 mml) were added and stirred at RT for 5 min. Diisopropylazodicarboxylate (0.25 ml, 1.23 mmol) was added stirred at RT. After 12 hours, the reaction mixture was quenched with water and extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic layer was dried over sodium sulphate and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude product was purified by column chromatography with ethyl acetate :

petroleum ether to afford the title compound as an off-white solid (0.105 g, 22 % yield). MP: 145-148°C. Mass: 571.7 (M⁺). Enantiomeric excess: 95.4% as determined by HPLC on a chiralpak AD-H column, enriched in the late eluting isomer (retention time = 14.83 min.).

PATENT

WO 2014006572

http://www.google.com/patents/WO2014006572A1?cl=en

Figure imgf000005_0001 B1 IS DESIRED

(S)-2- (l-(4-amino-3-(3-fluoro-4-isopropoxyphenyl)-lH-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-l-yl)ethyl)-6- fluoro-3-(3-fluorophenyl)-4H-chromen-4-one (compound-B l)

Intermediate 11

[119] Intermediate 11: 4-bromo-2-fluoro-l-isopropoxybenzene:To a solution of 4-bromo-2- fluorophenol (lOg, 52.35 mmol) in THF (100ml), isopropyl alcohol (4.8ml, 62.62 mmol) and triphenylphosphine (20.6g, 78.52 mmol) were added and heated to 45 C followed by diisopropylazodicarboxylate (15.4ml, 78 52 mmol). The mixture was refluxed for lh, concentrated and the residue was purified by column chromatography with ethyl acetate: petroleum ether to afford the title compound as a colourless liquid (13. lg, 99%) which was used without purification in the next step. Intermediate 12

[120] Intermediate 12: 2-(3-fluoro-4-isopropoxyphenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl- 1,3,2- dioxaborolane: Potassium acetate (10.52 g, 107.2 mmol) and bis(pinacolato)diboron (15g, 58.96 mmol) were added to a solution of intermediate 11 (10.52 g, 107.2 mmol) in dioxane (125 ml), and the solution was degassed for 30 min. [1,1 ‘- Bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene]dichloro palladium(II).CH₂Cl₂ (4.4g, 5.36 mmol) was added under nitrogen atmosphere and heated to 80°C. After 12h the reaction mixture was filtered through celite and concentrated. The crude product was purified by column chromatography with ethyl acetate: petroleum ether to afford the title compound as a yellow oil (13.9g, 99%) which was used without purification in the next step.

Intermediate 13

[121] Intermediate 13: 3-(3-fluoro-4-isopropoxyphenyl)-lH-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4- amine: To a solution of 3-iodo-lH-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-amine (11.0 g, 42.14 mmol) in DMF 110 ml), ethanol (55 ml) and water (55 ml), intermediate 12 (23.4 g, 84.28 mmol) and sodium carbonate (13.3 g, 126.42 mmol) were added and degassed for 30 min. Tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) (2.4 g, 2.10 mmol) was added under nitrogen atmosphere and heated to 80°C. After 12h, the reaction mixture was filtered though celite, concentrated and extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic layer was dried over sodium sulphate and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude product was triturated with diethyl ether, filtered and dried under vacuum to afford the title compound as light brown solid (3.2 g, 26% yield) which is used as such for the next step.

Example Bl

(S)-2-(l-(4-amino-3-(3-fluoro-4-isopropoxyphenyl)-lH-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-l- yl)ethyl)-6-fluoro-3-(3-fluorophenyl)-4H-chromen-4-one

[127] To a solution of intermediate 13 (0.134 g, 0.494 mmol) in THF (2.0 ml), intermediate 5 (0.150 g, 0.494 mmol) and triphenylphosphine (0.194 g, 0.741 mml) were added and stirred at RT for 5 min. Diisopropylazodicarboxylate ( 0.15 ml, 0.749 mmol) was added heated to 45°C. After 2h, the reaction mixture was quenched with with water and extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic layer was dried over sodium sulphate and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude product was purified by column chromatography with ethyl acetate : petroleum ether to afford the title compound as an off-white solid (0.049 g, 20 %). MP: 139- 142°C. Mass : 571.7 (M H-NMR (δ ppm, CDC1_3, 400 MHz): 8.24 (s, 1H), 7.85 (dd, J = 8.2,3.1 Hz, 1H), 7.50-7.29 (m, 5H), 7.14 (t, J = 8.4 Hz, 1H), 7.02 (m, 2H), 6.92 (d, J = 8.4 Hz, 1H), 6.11 (q, J = 7.1 Hz, 1H), 5.40 (s, 2H), 4.66 (quintet, J = 6.1 Hz, 1H), 2.00 (d, J = 7.1Hz, 3H), 1.42 (d, J = 6.1 Hz, 6H). Enantiomeric excess: 89.8% as determined by HPLC on a chiralpak AD-H column, enriched in the fast eluting isomer (retention time = 10.64min.).

PATENT

US 2014/0011819 describe the synthesis of TGR-1202 (Example B l)

http://www.google.co.in/patents/US20140011819

Example B1 (S)-2-(1-(4-amino-3-(3-fluoro-4-isopropoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)ethyl)-6-fluoro-3-(3-fluorophenyl)-4H-chromen-4-one

To a solution of intermediate 13 (0.134 g, 0.494 mmol) in THF (2.0 ml), intermediate 5 (0.150 g, 0.494 mmol) and triphenylphosphine (0.194 g, 0.741 mml) were added and stirred at RT for 5 min. Diisopropylazodicarboxylate (0.15 ml, 0.749 mmol) was added heated to 45° C. After 2 h, the reaction mixture was quenched with with water and extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic layer was dried over sodium sulphate and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude product was purified by column chromatography with ethyl acetate:petroleum ether to afford the title compound as an off-white solid (0.049 g, 20%). MP: 139-142° C. Mass: 571.7 (M⁺).¹H-NMR (δ ppm, CDCl₃, 400 MHz): 8.24 (s, 1H), 7.85 (dd, J=8.2, 3.1 Hz, 1H), 7.50-7.29 (m, 5H), 7.14 (t, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 7.02 (m, 2H), 6.92 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 6.11 (q, J=7.1 Hz, 1H), 5.40 (s, 2H), 4.66 (quintet, J=6.1 Hz, 1H), 2.00 (d, J=7.1 Hz, 3H), 1.42 (d, J=6.1 Hz, 6H). Enantiomeric excess: 89.8% as determined by HPLC on a chiralpak AD-H column, enriched in the fast eluting isomer (retention time=10.64 min)

4-Methylbenzenesulfonate Salt of Compound B1 (S)-2-(1-(4-amino-3-(3-fluoro-4-isopropoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)ethyl)-6-fluoro-3-(3-fluorophenyl)-4H-chromen-4-one 4-methylbenzenesulfonate

(S)-2-(1-(4-amino-3-(3-fluoro-4-isopropoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)ethyl)-6-fluoro-3-(3-fluorophenyl)-4H-chromen-4-one 4-methylbenzenesulfonate: To (S)-2-(1-(4-amino-3-(3-fluoro-4-isopropoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)ethyl)-6-fluoro-3-(3-fluorophenyl)-4H-chromen-4-one (22.7 g, 39.69 mmol) in isopropanol (600 ml), p-toluenesulphonic acid (8.30 g, 43.66 mmol) was added and refluxed for 1 h. The reaction mixture was concentrated, co-distilled with petroleum ether and dried. To the residue water (300 ml) was added and stirred for 30 min. The solid was filtered, washed with petroleum ether and dried under vacuum to afford the title compound as off-white solid (28.2 g, 95%). MP: 138-141° C. ¹H-NMR (δ ppm, CDCl₃, 400 MHz): 8.11 (s, 1H), 7.85 (dd, J=8.0, 3.0 Hz, 1H), 7.80 (d, J=8.2 Hz, 2H), 7.51 (dd, J=9.3, 4.3 Hz, 1H), 7.45 (dd, J=7.5, 3.1 Hz, 1H), 7.42-7.31 (m, 3H), 7.29 (m, 2H), 7.22 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 2H), 7.16 (t, J=8.3 Hz, 1H), 7.08 (dt, J=8.5, 2.5 Hz, 1H), 6.97 (br s, 1H), 6.88 (br s, 1H), 6.11 (q, J=7.2 Hz, 1H), 4.67 (quintet, J=6.0 Hz, 1H), 2.36 (s, 3H), 2.03 (d, J=7.1 Hz, 3H), 1.43 (d, J=6.0 Hz, 6H). Mass: 572.4 (M⁺+1-PTSA). Enantiomeric excess: 93.4% as determined by HPLC on a chiralpak AD-H column, enriched in the fast eluting isomer (retention time=12.35 min.)

Sulphate Salt of Compound B1 (S)-2-(1-(4-amino-3-(3-fluoro-4-isopropoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)ethyl)-6-fluoro-3-(3-fluorophenyl)-4H-chromen-4-one sulfate

(S)-2-(1-(4-amino-3-(3-fluoro-4-isopropoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)ethyl)-6-fluoro-3-(3-fluorophenyl)-4H-chromen-4-one sulphate: To (S)-2-(1-(4-amino-3-(3-fluoro-4-isopropoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl)ethyl)-6-fluoro-3-(3-fluorophenyl)-4H-chromen-4-one (15.0 g, 26.24 mmol) in isopropanol (600 ml) was cooled to 0° C. To this Sulphuric acid (2.83 g, 28.86 mmol) was added and stirred at room temperature for 24 h. The reaction mass was filtered and washed with petroleum ether and dried under vacuum. To the solid, water (150 ml) was added and stirred for 30 min. The solid was filtered, washed with petroleum ether and dried under vacuum to afford the title compound as off-white solid (13.5 g, 76%). MP: 125-127° C. ¹H-NMR (δ ppm, CDCl₃, 400 MHz): 8.11 (s, 1H), 7.85 (dd, J=8.0, 3.0 Hz, 1H), 7.51 (dd, J=9.2, 4.2 Hz, 1H), 7.45-7.31 (m, 3H), 7.29 (m, 1H), 7.15 (t, J=8.3 Hz, 1H), 7.08 (dt, J=8.5, 2.4 Hz, 1H), 6.96 (br s, 1H), 6.88 (br s, 1H), 6.09 (q, J=7.1 Hz, 1H), 4.676 (quintet, J=6.1 Hz, 1H), 2.01 (d, J=7.1 Hz, 3H), 1.42 (d, J=6.1 Hz, 6H). Mass: 572.2 (M⁺+1-H₂SO₄). Enantiomeric excess: 89.6% as determined by HPLC on a chiralpak AD-H column, enriched in the fast eluting isomer (retention time=12.08 min.)
Various other acid addition salts of compound B1 were prepared as provided in Table 1.

TABLE 1

		Melting
		Point
Acid	Method of preparation	(° C.)

Hydro-	Compound B1 (1 eq.) dissolved in THF,	130-132
chloric	excess HCl/Et₂O was added, the clear
acid	solution obtained was evaporated
	completely. The residue obtained was
	washed with water.
p-	Compound B1 (1 eq.) dissolved in	138-141° C.
Toluene-	isopropyl alcohol (IPA), refluxed for
sulfonic	30 min., acid (1.1 eq.) in IPA was added,
acid	the clear solution obtained was
	evaporated completely. The residue
	obtained was washed with water.
Benzene-	Compound B1 (1 eq.) dissolved in IPA,	170-172
sulphonic	refluxed for 30 min., acid(1.1 eq.) in IPA
acid	was added, the clear solution not
	obtained, the residue was evaporated
	completely and was washed with water.
Maleic	Compound B1 (1 eq.) dissolved in IPA,	107-109
acid	refluxed for 30 min., acid (1.1 eq.) in IPA
	was added, the clear solution not
	obtained, the residue was evaporated
	completely and was washed with water.
Camphor	Compound B1 (1 eq.) dissolved in IPA,	120-121
sulfonic	refluxed for 30 min., acid (1.1 eq.) in IPA
acid	was added, the clear solution not
	obtained, the residue was evaporated
	completely and was washed with water.
Sulphuric	Compound B1 (1 eq.) dissolved in IPA,	125-127
acid	refluxed for 30 min., acid(1.1 eq.) in IPA
	was added, the clear solution obtained
	was evaporated completely. The residue
	obtained was washed with water.

REFERENCES

WO 2014/006572 and U.S. Patent Publication No. 2014/0011819,

http://www.tgtherapeutics.com/O’ConnorTGR202Single%20AgentEHA&Lugano2015.pdf

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TG Therapeutics Inc. (NASDAQ:TGTX) rose $2.65 (23%) to $14.37 after the company said it received an SPA from FDA for the Phase III UNITY-CLL trial of ublituximab (TG-1101) in combination with TGR-1202 to treat chronic …
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Nimbus, Aurigene and TG Therapeutics are chasing IRAK4 inhibitors for cancer

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Now that Nimbus has put IRAK4 on the map for B cell lymphoma, several companies are closing in with their own inhibitors, and they’re all on track for IND-enabling studies this year.
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Week in Review, Clinical Results

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TGR-1202: Phase I started 12/15/2014

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Rhizen Pharmaceuticals S.A., La Chaux-de-Fonds, Switzerland TG Therapeutics Inc. (NASDAQ:TGTX), New York, N.Y. Product: TGR-1202 (formerly RP5264) Business: Cancer Molecular target: Phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) …
Rhizen, TG Therapeutics deal 12/08/2014

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Rhizen Pharmaceuticals S.A., La Chaux-de-Fonds, Switzerland TG Therapeutics Inc. (NASDAQ:TGTX), New York, N.Y. Business: Cancer TG Therapeutics exercised an option under a 2012 deal to license exclusive, worldwide …

Patent	Submitted	Granted
NOVEL SELECTIVE PI3K DELTA INHIBITORS [US2014011819]	2013-07-02	2014-01-09
Treatment Of Cancers Using PI3 Kinase Isoform Modulators [US2014377258]	2014-05-30	2014-12-25

////////Umbralisib

CC(C)OC1=C(C=C(C=C1)C2=NN(C3=C2C(=NC=N3)N)C(C)C4=C(C(=O)C5=C(O4)C=CC(=C5)F)C6=CC(=CC=C6)F)F

Barley Grass Inhibits 73% of Leukemia Cells in Vitro

April 13, 2014 2:42 am / Leave a comment

Barley Grass Inhibits 73% of Leukemia Cells in Vitro: An extract of green barley grass (Hordeum vlgare L.) powder was shown to inhibit the proliferation of human leukemia cells (Nalm-6) by up to 73% in vitro, and killed 62% of the cancer cells outright via apoptosis and necrosis.

The barley grass extract also potently inhibited three other types of leukemia cells, while leaving healthy non-cancerous cells alone. What’s really interesting with this study is that the extract was prepared from a common green barley powder supplement which was purchased at an online supplement retailer in the USA. This was the first-ever study to show the anti-leukemia activity of green barley.

Barley contains several unique compounds with potent anti-cancer effects such as the peptide lunacin, immune-stimulating glucans, and ribosome inactivating protein conjugates. Past studies have shown mature barley to be active against melanoma and cancers of the breast, skin, colon, liver, and lung. While mature barley contains gluten (albeit less than wheat), barley grass should be gluten-free if harvested before any seeds are produced.

And since younger plants often contain much higher concentrations of healthy phytochemicals and enzymes than the mature versions, barley grass might be a highly beneficial superfood for reducing cancer risk and supporting overall health.
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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24039967

What is Lunasin?

Lunasin is a soy peptide that exhibits health promoting characteristics. Scientific evidence indicates that Lunasin is a key component in soy protein responsible for its cholesterol-lowering properties. Lunasin is a unique, 43 chain amino acid peptide found within soybeans. Recent research and development surrounding this soy peptide focuses on promotion of healthy cholesterol levels. In addition to lunasin exhibiting cholesterol lowering properties, research shows it also has cancer preventive properties.

Abstract 10693: Identification of Lunasin as the Active Component in Soy Protein Responsible for Reducing LDL Cholesterol and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease by Alfredo F Galvez, Missouri Plant Science Center, Mexico, MO

In the above referenced report, published by the American Heart Association, Dr Galvez notes that the FDA had originally approved the health claim that soy reduced LDL cholesterol and CVD risk, and then recinded part of that claim. The confusion, he notes, came from the lack of understanding at the time about what in the soy created the benefits the original research had shown. In the intervening years, he and his team had tested the hypothesis that the lunasin peptide was the active component in soy protein responsible for lowering LDL cholesterol.

What he found was that lunasin lowers LDL cholesterol levels by stopping the gene responsible from being active – it covers it over, and opens the genes that cover cholesterol management in the liver that had gotten covered by environmental and lifestyle-induced damage.

The lunasin soy peptide binds specifically to histone H3 and inhibits H3-Lysine 14 acetylation by PCAF histone acetylase enzyme. Transcriptional activation of HMG Co-A reductase, the rate-limiting enzyme for cholesterol biosynthesis requires the specific acetylation of histone H3 by PCAF. By inhibiting PCAF acetylation of H3-Lysine 14, lunasin was show to significantly reduce HMG Co-A reductase expression in HepG2 liver cells grown in cholesterol-free media. Westerns and RT-PCR experiments also revealed that the presence of lunasin increases LDL receptor expression, which can be attributed to the coordinate increase in expression of SP1 co-transcriptional activator.

Based on these results, his team found a way to extract the active lunasin from the rest of the soy. This lunasin-enriched soy extract (LSE) contained 100-200 fold more bioactive lunasin than soy protein isolates. Then they tested the LSE pigs bred to have high LDL cholesterol due to mutations in their LDL receptor genes. The pigs were fed casein-based diets and after two weeks their casein diet was supplemented with 250 mg LSE everyday for eight weeks. Results showed that casein diet increased LDL cholesterol levels in the LDL-R mutant pigs by an average of 6.7%. The addition of 250 mg of LES in casein diet reduced LDL cholesterol by 8.6% and and 6.4% after 4 and 8 weeks of treatment, respectively.

These results prove that lunasin is the active nutrient in soy protein responsible for LDL cholesterol lowering and its mechanism of action is by reducing cholesterol biosynthesis in the liver.

J and J Submits Leukemia Drug, Ibrutinib for Approval

July 11, 2013 4:34 am / 2 Comments on J and J Submits Leukemia Drug, Ibrutinib for Approval

IBRUTINIB

1-[(3R)-3-[4-amino-3-(4-phenoxyphenyl)pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]piperidin-1-yl]prop-2-en-1-one

New Drug Application Submitted to U.S. FDA for Ibrutinib in the Treatment of Two B-Cell Malignancies
If approved, ibrutinib will address a high unmet need in relapsed/refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia and relapsed/refractory mantle cell lymphoma

RARITAN, N.J., July 10, 2013

Janssen Research & Development, LLC announced the submission of a New Drug Application for ibrutinib to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for its use in the treatment of previously treated patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL)/small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL), and for its use in the treatment of previously treated patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL). The regulatory submission for ibrutinib is supported by data from two pivotal Phase 2 studies, one in relapsed/refractory CLL/SLL (PCYC-1102) and one in relapsed/refractory MCL (PCYC-1104), both of which were published in The New England Journal of Medicine online on June 19, 2013. Ibrutinib is a novel Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitor being jointly developed by Janssen and Pharmacyclics, Inc. for the treatment of B-cell malignancies.

If approved, ibrutinib would be the first in a class of oral BTK inhibitors and is one of the first medicines to file for FDA approval via the new Breakthrough Therapy Designation pathway. Ibrutinib will be co-commercialized in the U.S. by Janssen Biotech, Inc. and Pharmacyclics.

“The FDA submission is another important milestone for ibrutinib since we formed our strategic partnership with Pharmacyclics just 18 months ago,” said Peter F. Lebowitz, M.D., Ph.D., Global Oncology Head, Janssen. “Both companies recognize that there is great unmet need among these patient populations, and together in close collaboration with the FDA, as part of its Breakthrough Therapy Designation pathway, we have been able to accelerate the ibrutinib development program for the benefit of patients.”

About Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia

Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) is a slow-growing blood cancer that starts in the white blood cells (lymphocytes), most commonly from B-cells. CLL is the second most common adult leukemia. Approximately 16,000 patients in the US are diagnosed each year with CLL. The prevalence of CLL is approximately 113,000 in the US. The disease is a chronic disease of the elderly with an average survival of about 5 years. Patients commonly receive multiple lines of treatment over the course of their disease.

In CLL the genetic mutation 17p deletion occurs when the short arm of chromosome 17 is missing. Del 17p is associated with abnormalities of a key tumor suppressor gene, TP53, which results in poor response to chemoimmunotherapy and worse treatment outcomes. It occurs in about 7% of treatment naive CLL patients and is estimated to be approximately 20% to 40% of relapsed or refractory patients harboring the mutation.

About Ibrutinib

Ibrutinib , previously publicly known as PCI-32765, is an experimental drug candidate for the treatment of various types of cancer. It was first synthesized at Celera Genomics as a selective inhibitor of Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (Btk).It was later discovered to have anti-lymphoma properties in vivo by scientists at Pharmacyclics, Inc.Ibrutinib is currently under development by Pharmacyclics, Inc and Johnson & Johnson‘sJanssen Pharmaceutical division for chronic lymphocytic leukemia, mantle cell lymphoma,diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, and multiple myeloma. It also has potential effects against autoimmune arthritis.

Janssen Biotech, Inc. and Pharmacyclics entered a collaboration and license agreement in December 2011 to co-develop and co-commercialize ibrutinib. Ibrutinib was designed to specifically target and selectively inhibit an enzyme called Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK). BTK is a key mediator of at least three critical B-cell pro-survival mechanisms occurring in parallel – regulation of apoptosis, adhesion, and cell migration and homing. Through these multiple signals, BTK regulation helps to direct malignant B-cells to lymphoid tissues, thus allowing access to a micro environment necessary for survival.

The effectiveness of ibrutinib alone or in combination with other treatments is being studied in several B-cell malignancies, including chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma, mantle cell lymphoma, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, follicular lymphoma, Waldenstrom’s macroglobulinemia and multiple myeloma. To date five Phase III trials have been initiated with ibrutinib and a total of 26 trials are currently registered on www.clinicaltrials.gov.

About Pharmacyclics

Pharmacyclics® is a clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company focused on developing and commercializing innovative small-molecule drugs for the treatment of cancer and immune mediated diseases. Our mission and goal is to build a viable biopharmaceutical company that designs, develops and commercializes novel therapies intended to improve quality of life, increase duration of life and resolve serious unmet medical healthcare needs; and to identify promising product candidates based on scientific development and administrational expertise, develop our products in a rapid, cost-efficient manner and pursue commercialization and/or development partners when and where appropriate.

Presently, Pharmacyclics has three product candidates in clinical development and several preclinical molecules in lead optimization. The Company is committed to high standards of ethics, scientific rigor, and operational efficiency as it moves each of these programs to viable commercialization.

The Company is headquartered in Sunnyvale, California and is listed on NASDAQ under the symbol PCYC. To learn more about how Pharmacyclics advances science to improve human healthcare visit at http://www.pharmacyclics.com.

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Pracinostat

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Discovery of (2E)-3-{2-Butyl-1-[2-(diethylamino)ethyl]-1H-benzimidazol-5-yl}-N-hydroxyacrylamide (SB939), an Orally Active Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor with a Superior Preclinical Profile

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HAO 472

PRoject Name: HAO472 treatment Phase I clinical trial in relapsed / refractory AML, M2b type of AML

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Oridonin displays significant anticancer activities via multi-signaling pathways.

Recent advances in medicinal chemistry of oridonin-like compounds are presented.

The article summarizes the SAR and mechanism studies of relevant drug candidates.

The milestones and future direction of oridonin-based drug discovery are discussed.

Discovery and development of natural product oridonin-inspired anticancer agents

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Rhizen Pharmaceuticals Announces Out-licensing Agreement for TGR-1202, a Novel Next Generation PI3K-delta Inhibitor

Rhizen to receive upfront payment of $8.0 million — Rhizen to retain global manufacturing and supply rights — Rhizen to retain development and commercialization for India

Rhizen to retain development and commercialization for India

PATENTS

TGR-1202: Phase I/II started 09/28/2015

Ublituximab: Phase I/II started 09/28/2015

COMPANY NEWS: TG rises on SPA for combination CLL therapy 09/17/2015

Targets & Mechanisms: The battle for IRAK 04/23/2015 Nimbus, Aurigene and TG Therapeutics are chasing IRAK4 inhibitors for cancer

TGR-1202: Additional Phase I/II data 01/26/2015

Ublituximab: Additional Phase I/II data 01/26/2015

TGR-1202: Phase I started 12/15/2014

Rhizen, TG Therapeutics deal 12/08/2014

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What is Lunasin?

Abstract 10693: Identification of Lunasin as the Active Component in Soy Protein Responsible for Reducing LDL Cholesterol and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease by Alfredo F Galvez, Missouri Plant Science Center, Mexico, MO

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Targets & Mechanisms: The battle for IRAK 04/23/2015
Nimbus, Aurigene and TG Therapeutics are chasing IRAK4 inhibitors for cancer