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Selurampanel, BGG 492
Selurampanel, BGG492,
cas 912574-69-7
Chemical Formula: C16H19N5O4S
Exact Mass: 377.1158
UNII-7WG1MR7DAR;
N-(7-isopropyl-6-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)-2,4-dioxo-1,4-dihydroquinazolin-3(2H)-yl)methanesulfonamide
N-[7-Isopropyl-6-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)-2,4-dioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinazolin-3-yl]methanesulfonamide
PHASE 2 , FOR EPILEPSY, TITINUS
NOVARTIS INNOVATOR
Selurampanel (INN, code name BGG492) is a drug closely related to the quinoxalinedione series which acts as a competitive antagonist of the AMPA and kainate receptors and, as of 2015, is being investigated in clinical trials by Novartis for the treatment ofepilepsy.[1][2][3] It has also been studied in the acute treatment of migraine, and was found to produce some pain relief, but with a relatively high rate of side effects.[4]
PATENT
Example 44: N-[7-IsopropyI-6-(l-methyl-lH-pyrazol-4-yl)-2,4-dioxo-l,4-dihydro-2H-quinazoIin-3-yl]-methanesulfonamide
2-Amino-4-isopropyl-5-(2-methyl-2H-pyrazol-3-yl)-benzoic acid methyl ester
The 2-amino-5-iodo-4-isopropyl-benzoic acid methyl ester required for the coupling reaction described below was prepared according to the procedures described in WO 2004/033435 Al.
The l-methyl-5-tributylstannanyl-lH-pyrazole required for the coupling reaction was prepared according to the procedure described above.
2-Amino-5-iodo-4-isopropyl-benzoic acid methyl ester (300 mg, 0.94 mmol) and l-methyl-5-tributylstannanyl-lH-pyrazole (523 mg, 1.5 equiv) were weighed in air and added in a flame-dried flask. [Bistriphenylphosphine]dichloropalladium (67.3 mg, 0.1 equiv) was added and the flask was closed by a septum. Dioxane (1 mL) was added and the mixture was stirred for 18 h (TLC control) at 100 0C. The mixture was dissolved with EtOAc, filtered and evaporated to dryness. The crude product was purified by flash chromatography (hexanes to EtOAc / hexanes (4:6)) to yield 2-amino-4-isopropyl-5-(2-methyl-2H- pyrazol-3-yl)-benzoic acid methyl ester (169 mg, 66%) as a yellow solid. (ESI-MS: m/z 21 A [M+H]+, rt 5.20 min).
2-(4-Chloro-phenoxycarbonylamino)-4-isopropyl-5-(2-methyl-2H-pyrazol-3-yl)-benzoic acid methyl ester
4-Chlorophenyl-chloroformate (88 μL, 1.1 equiv) was added to a solution of 2-amino-4-isopropyl-5-(2~ methyl-2H-pyrazol-3-yl)-benzoic acid methyl ester (156 mg, 0.57 mmol) in dioxane (1.5 mL). The mixture was stirred for 2 h (TLC control) at 80 0C. The mixture was evaporated to dryness. The obtained yellow solid was used in the next step without further purification, (rt 6.77 min)
N-[7-Isopropyl-6-(2-methyl-2H-pyrazol-3 -yl)-2,4-dioxo- 1 ,4-dihydro-2H-quinazolin-3 -yl] -methanesulfonamide
CH3SO2NHNH2 (79.5 mg, 1.1 equiv) and J-Pr2NEt (225 μL, 2 equiv) were added to a solution of 2-(4-chloro-phenoxycarbonylamino)-4-isopropyl-5-(2-methyl-2H-pyrazol-3-yl)-benzoic acid methyl ester (281 mg, 0.65 mmol) in dioxane (8 mL). The mixture was stirred for 16 h (TLC control) at 80 0C. The mixture was evaporated to dryness. The crude product was purified by flash chromatography (MeOH / DCM (1:9)) to provide N-[7-isopropyl-6-(2-methyl-2H-pyrazol-3 ~yl)-2,4-dioxo- 1 ,4-dihydro-2H-quinazolin-3 -yl]-methanesulfonamide as a white solid (120 mg, 48%) (ESI-MS: m/z 378 [M+H]+, rt 4.20 min).
| Patent | Submitted | Granted |
|---|---|---|
| Substituted 1H-quinazoline-2,4-diones useful as AMPA receptor ligands [US7655666] | 2008-06-26 | 2010-02-02 |
| N-(2,4-dioxo-6-(tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)-7-(trifluoromethyl)-1,4-dihydro-2H-quinazolin-3-yl)methanesulfonamide [US8012988] | 2010-06-10 | 2011-09-06 |
| 2,4-DIOXO-1,4-DIHYDRO-2H-QUINAZOLIN-3-YL-SULFONAMIDE DERIVATIVES [US2013053381] | 2011-05-18 | 2013-02-28 |
| Use of 1H-quinazoline-2,4-diones [US2013090346] | 2012-09-05 | 2013-04-11 |
| Use of 1H-quinazoline-2,4-diones [US2013096145] | 2011-06-24 | 2013-04-18 |
| Use of 1H-quinazoline-2,4-diones [US2014163050] | 2014-02-12 | 2014-06-12 |
| FOMULATION COMPRISING 1 H-QUINAZOLINE-2, 4-DIONE AMPA RECEPTOR ANTAGONISTS, IN THE FORM OF IMMEDIATE RELEASE TABLETS AND PREPARATION THEREOF [US2012263791] | 2010-12-21 | 2012-10-18 |
| Use of 1H-Quinazoline-2,4-Diones [US2014018376] | 2010-10-20 | 2014-01-16 |
| 1-H-QUINAZOLINE-2, 4-DIONES FOR USE IN THE TREATMENT OF NEURONAL CEROID LIPOFUSCINOSIS [US2012122903] | 2010-07-23 | 2012-05-17 |
References
- Faught, Edward (2014). “BGG492 (selurampanel), an AMPA/kainate receptor antagonist drug for epilepsy”. Expert Opinion on Investigational Drugs 23 (1): 107–113.doi:10.1517/13543784.2014.848854. ISSN 1354-3784.
- Belcastro, Vincenzo; Verrotti, Alberto (2015). “Novel Molecular Targets for Drug-Treatment of Epilepsy”: 183–199.doi:10.1007/978-3-319-12283-0_10.
- Hanada, Takahisa (2014). “The AMPA receptor as a therapeutic target in epilepsy: preclinical and clinical evidence”. Journal of Receptor, Ligand and Channel Research: 39.doi:10.2147/JRLCR.S51475. ISSN 1178-699X.
- Gomez-Mancilla B, Brand R, Jürgens TP, et al. (February 2014). “Randomized, multicenter trial to assess the efficacy, safety and tolerability of a single dose of a novel AMPA receptor antagonist BGG492 for the treatment of acute migraine attacks”. Cephalalgia 34 (2): 103–13.doi:10.1177/0333102413499648. PMID 23963355.
 |
|
| Systematic (IUPAC) name | |
|---|---|
|
N-[7-Isopropyl-6-(2-methylpyrazol-3-yl)-2,4-dioxo-1H-quinazolin-3-yl]methanesulfonamide
|
|
| Identifiers | |
| CAS Number | 912574-69-7 |
| ATC code | None |
| PubChem | CID 45381907 |
| ChemSpider | 32698379 |
| Chemical data | |
| Formula | C16H19N5O4S |
| Molar mass | 377.418 g/mol |
see……..http://apisynthesisint.blogspot.in/2016/02/selurampanel-bgg-492.html
////Selurampanel, BGG492, 912574-69-7
CC(C)c1cc2c(cc1c3ccnn3C)c(=O)n(c(=O)[nH]2)NS(=O)(=O)C
CS(=O)(NN1C(NC2=C(C=C(C3=CC=NN3C)C(C(C)C)=C2)C1=O)=O)=O
ONL 1204 a small molecule peptide
OR
ONL 1204
CAS 1349038-53-4
(2S)-2-[[(2S)-1-[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[2-[(3R)-3-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[2-[[(2S,3R)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-amino-5-(diaminomethylideneamino)pentanoyl]amino]-3-phenylpropanoyl]amino]-3-methylbutanoyl]amino]-3-hydroxybutanoyl]amino]acetyl]amino]-3-(1H-imidazol-5-yl)propanoyl]amino]-3-phenylpropanoyl]amino]-2-oxopiperidin-1-yl]acetyl]amino]-4-methylpentanoyl]amino]-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyl]pyrrolidine-2-carbonyl]amino]propanoic acid
His-His- Ile-Tyr-Leu-Gly-Ala-Val-Asn-Tyr-Ile-Tyr-NH2
ONL Therapeutics Inc.
Fas receptor (CD95)
Peptide, Retinal detachment, OPTHALMIC DRUGS
C71 H100 N18 O16, 1461.66
L-Histidyl-L-histidyl-L-isoleucyl-L-tyrosyl-L-leucylglycyl-L-alanyl-L-valyl-L-asparaginyl-L-tyrosyl-L-isoleucyl-L-tyrosinamide
RFVTGHFXGL YPA
ORPHAN DRUG DESIGNATION DATA
His-His- Ile-Tyr-Leu-Gly-Ala-Val-Asn-Tyr-Ile-Tyr-NH2
01/13/2016
Treatment of retinal detachment
ONL Therapeutics, Inc
1600 Huron Parkway
Second Floor
Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109…….http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/opdlisting/oopd/OOPD_Results_2.cfm?Index_Number=501215
ONL1204, ONL’s lead therapeutic candidate, is a first-in-class small molecule peptide designed to protect key retinal cells, including photoreceptors, against the apoptosis (programmed cell death) that occurs in a range of retinal diseases and conditions. It is this death of these retinal cells that is the root cause of vision loss and the leading cause of blindness.
Researchers have shown that ONL1204 effectively inhibits the Fas pathway; one of the body’s primary mechanisms for inducing programmed cell death (apoptosis). Specifically, the compound’s activity inhibits the Fas receptor, blocks the activation of the Fas pathway, and prevents the apoptosis cascade which results in the death of key retinal cells, including photoreceptor.
While initial development efforts for ONL1204 are focused on retinal detachment, preclinicalin vivo data, along with a growing body of literature, support potential application in age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and other chronic retinal diseases. Combined, the estimated market for the initial indications that ONL plans to target is >$12 billion globally.
ONL Therapeutics, Inc., a biopharmaceutical company developing novel therapies for preserving sight in a range of retinal diseases, today announced that the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has granted orphan drug designation to ONL1204 for the treatment of retinal detachment. ONL1204 is a novel, first-in-class small molecule peptide designed to protect key retinal cells, including photoreceptors, from cell death that occurs in a range of retinal diseases and conditions. Death of these retinal cells is the root cause of vision loss and the leading cause of blindness. ONL expects to advance ONL1204 into clinical trials for retinal detachment patients in 2016.
Retinal detachment occurs when the retina is separated from the underlying layer of cells called the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). The RPE provides nutritional support to the highly-active photoreceptors in the retina. When there is a detachment, the photoreceptors no longer receive these nutrients and undergo cell death processes that dramatically impact a patient’s vision. Retinal detachments occur in approximately 50,000 people each year in the United States and affect people of all ages, although risk increases as people reach fifty years of age.
Patients experiencing a retinal detachment are normally treated by surgical reattachment of the retina to reconnect the photoreceptors with the RPE and prevent additional loss of vision. However, these procedures do not address the photoreceptor death and vision loss, which can be significant, that occurs prior to surgery. ONL1204 will be delivered to patients upon diagnosis and is intended to block photoreceptor cells from dying until surgery can be completed.
“When retinal detachments involve the center of vision called the macula, more than a third of patients have final best corrected vision of 20/60 or worse after successful surgery,” said David Zacks, M.D., Ph.D., co-founder and chief science officer of ONL Therapeutics. “Those are truly poor outcomes from successful surgeries. We are very pleased the FDA has recognized this need and that ONL is the only company to have received an orphan designation for this disease. It reinforces our belief that ONL1204 can play a key role in preventing vision loss in these patients by protecting their photoreceptors.”
The FDA’s Orphan Drug Designation program provides certain incentives for companies developing therapeutics to treat rare diseases or conditions that affect less than 200,000 individuals in the US. A drug candidate and its developer must meet several key criteria in order to qualify for, and obtain, orphan drug status. Once a drug has received orphan drug designation, the developer qualifies for a range of benefits, including federal grants, tax credits, reduction in certain regulatory fees, and the potential for seven years of market exclusivity for the drug following FDA marketing approval.
About ONL Therapeutics
ONL Therapeutics (ONL) is a biopharmaceutical company committed to protecting and improving the vision of patients with retinal disease. By advancing a novel breakthrough technology designed to protect key retinal cells from Fas-mediated cell death, ONL is pioneering an entirely new approach to preserving sight. The death of key retinal cells is the root cause of vision loss and leading cause of blindness, and is implicated in a wide range of retinal diseases, including retinal detachment and both the wet and dry forms of age related macular degeneration (AMD).
read
FDA grants orphan status for ONL Therapeutics’ ONL1204 to treat retinal detachment
The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has granted orphan drug designation for ONL Therapeutics’ first-in-class small molecule peptide, ONL1204, for the treatment of retinal detachment.
/////
Use smiles
N[C@@H](CCCNC(=N)N)C(=O)N[C@@H](Cc1ccccc1)C(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)O)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](Cc2cncn2)C(=O)N[C@@H](Cc3ccccc3)C(=O)N[C@@H]6CCCN(CC(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](Cc4ccc(O)cc4)C(=O)N5CCC[C@H]5C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)O)C6=O
OR
CC(C)CC(C(=O)NC(CC1=CC=C(C=C1)O)C(=O)N2CCCC2C(=O)NC(C)C(=O)O)NC(=O)CN3CCCC(C3=O)NC(=O)C(CC4=CC=CC=C4)NC(=O)C(CC5=CN=CN5)NC(=O)CNC(=O)C(C(C)O)NC(=O)C(C(C)C)NC(=O)C(CC6=CC=CC=C6)NC(=O)C(CCCN=C(N)N)N
OR
C[C@@H](CC)[C@H](NC(=O)[C@H](Cc1ccc(O)cc1)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(=O)N)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](Cc2ccc(O)cc2)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H](Cc3cncn3)N)Cc4cncn4)[C@@H](C)CC)C(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](Cc5ccc(O)cc5)C(N)=O
Biocon’s Rosuvastatin Calcium tablets get EU approval to treat hyperlipidemia
Biocon’s Rosuvastatin Calcium tablets get EU approval to treat hyperlipidemia
Indian biopharmaceutical company Biocon has received approval from the European Commission for its Rosuvastatin Calcium tablets to treat hyperlipidemia or mixed dyslipidemia.
Indian biopharmaceutical company Biocon has received approval from the European Commission for its Rosuvastatin Calcium tablets to treat hyperlipidemia or mixed dyslipidemia.
Hyperlipidemia is a common genetic disorder that increases lipids and/or lipoproteins levels in the blood.
The first generic formulation approval will allow Biocon to sell Rosuvastatin Calcium 5mg, 10mg, 20mg and 40mg tablets in more than 15 European countries, starting in fiscal 2017.
The company plans to collaborate with regional partners to market the drug; a generic equivalent of Crestor tablets.
Biocon chairperson and managing director Kiran Mazumdar-Shaw said: “This is indeed a proud moment for Biocon’s Small Molecules business.
Biocon chairperson and managing director Kiran Mazumdar-Shaw
“This approval paves the way for Biocon to launch Rosuvastatin Calcium tablets in several European countries.”
The approval will allow the company to address the $1.2bn opportunity in the EU. It will also make it easier for the company to market its products in emerging markets, where regulatory clearances are primarily based on approvals given by regulators in the US / EU.
Biocon was the first generic company to receive a certificate of suitability (CEP) for Rosuvastatin Calcium API from the European Directorate for the Quality of Medicines (EDQM).
CEP certification indicates that an API is suitable for use in medicinal products in the EU.
Biocon CEO and joint managing director Dr Arun Chandavarkar said: “The European approval for Biocon’s generic version of Rosuvastatin Calcium underscores Biocon’s unique strengths in the chronic therapies space and our compliance with global standards that enable us to achieve the highest quality standards for all our products.
“It augurs well for this nascent business, which will be one of our growth drivers in the coming years.”
The company plans to boost its generic formulations business with a target of 20-25 filings over the next few years.
Additionally, Biocon is developing a new facility in Bengaluru, in the Indian state of Karnataka, where it will produce oral solid dosage formulations.
Biocon CEO and joint managing director Dr Arun Chandavarkar
/////////
Vismodegib
Vismodegib
2-Chloro-N-(4-chloro-3-pyridin-2-ylphenyl)-4-methylsulfonylbenzamide
Vismodegib; 879085-55-9; GDC-0449; 2-chloro-N-(4-chloro-3-(pyridin-2-yl)phenyl)-4-(methylsulfonyl)benzamide; Erivedge; HhAntag691; CUR-691
GDC-449
Hh-Antag691
HhAntag
R-3616
RG-3616
421.29706 g/mol
LAUNCHED 2012
Vismodegib is a Hedgehog Pathway Inhibitor. The mechanism of action of vismodegib is as a Smoothened Receptor Antagonist.
Hedgehog Antagonist GDC-0449 is an orally bioavailable small molecule with potential antineoplastic activity. Hedgehog antagonist GDC-0449 targets the Hedgehog signaling pathway, blocking the activities of the Hedgehog-ligand cell surface receptors PTCH and/or SMO and suppressing Hedgehog signaling. The Hedgehog signaling pathway plays an important role in tissue growth and repair; aberrant constitutive activation of Hedgehog pathway signaling and uncontrolled cellular proliferation may be associated with mutations in the Hedgehog-ligand cell surface receptors PTCH and SMO.
NMR from net
Vismodegib is an active pharmaceutical ingredient produced by Genentech (Roche) and sold under the trade name Erivedge® (which contains crystalline Vismodegib as the active ingre-dient). Erivedge® is an oral Hedgehog signaling pathway inhibitor approved for the treatment of basal-cell carcinoma (BCC).
Developed and launched by Roche and its subsidiary Genentech, under license from Curis. Family members of the product Patent of vismodegib (WO2006028958),
Vismodegib was first disclosed in WO Patent Publication No. 06/028959. Vismodegib, chem-ically 2-Chloro-N-(4-chloro-3-pyridin-2-ylphenyl)-4-methylsulfonylbenzamide, is represented by the following structure:
Vismodegib (trade name Erivedge) is a drug for the treatment of basal-cell carcinoma (BCC). The approval of vismodegib on January 30, 2012, represents the first Hedgehog signaling pathway targeting agent to gain U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval.[1] The drug is also undergoing clinical trials for metastatic colorectal cancer, small-cell lung cancer, advanced stomach cancer, pancreatic cancer, medulloblastoma and chondrosarcoma as of June 2011.[2] The drug was developed by thebiotechnology/pharmaceutical company Genentech, which is headquartered at South San Francisco, California, USA.
Indication
Vismodegib is indicated for patients with basal cell carcinoma (BCC) which has metastasized to other parts of the body, relapsed after surgery, or cannot be treated with surgery or radiation.[3] [4]
Mechanism of action
The substance acts as a cyclopamine-competitive antagonist of the smoothened receptor (SMO) which is part of the hedgehog signaling pathway.[2] SMO inhibition causes the transcription factors GLI1 and GLI2 to remain inactive, which prevents the expression of tumor mediating genes within the hedgehog pathway.[5] This pathway is pathogenetically relevant in more than 90% of basal-cell carcinomas.[6]
PAPER
Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2009, 19(19): 5576
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0960894X10012709
Figure 1.
Schematic for the discovery of 2 (GDC-0449) from 1, and the inspiration for further analogs 3 and 4
CN 103910671
http://www.google.com/patents/CN103910671A?cl=en
In embryonic development, Hedgehog signaling in cell differentiation, tissue development and organogenesis play an important role. In the adult body, Hedgehog signaling pathway is mainly in slumber, but when abnormal tissue growth and self-healing, Hedgehog pathway may be activated. With the in-depth study of the tumor, the presence of numerous evidence of abnormal tumor occurrence and the close relationship between Hedgehog signaling pathway, such as sporadic basal cell carcinoma, medulloblastoma, small cell lung cancer and gastrointestinal cancer and other diseases, therefore Hedgehog signaling pathway targeted anti-cancer therapy inhibitors become hot.
Vismodegib chemical name 2_ chlorine -N_ (4_ chlorine _3_ (_2_ pyridyl) phenyl) _4_ (methylsulfonyl) benzamide, is by Roche’s Genentech (Genentech) Hedgehog pathway inhibitors developed, and can be inhibited by binding seven transmembrane protein Smoothened (Smo), thereby preventing signal transduction. Vismodegib capsule in January 2012 I was approved and listed by the US Food and Drug Administration, under the trade name Erivedge, for the treatment of adults with the most common type of skin cancer – basal cell carcinoma. This medicine is not intended for surgery or radiotherapy of cancer and basal cell skin cancer locally advanced patients have been transferred. This was the first drug approved for the treatment of basal cell carcinoma.
W02006028958 Vismodegib disclose the following synthesis route:
Route One Negishi coupling reactions
wherein, X1 is chloro, bromo or iodo; X2 is bromo, iodo or tosylate. The route to the 2-halo-pyridine as starting material an organic zinc compound, and then prepared by Negishi coupling reaction to give 2- (2-chloro-5-nitrophenyl) pyridine. 2- (2-chloro-5-nitrophenyl) pyridine in turn through a reduction reaction with acylation reaction, to give the final product Vismodegib. The key coupling step of the route using an organic zinc reagent required to react under strict anhydrous, anaerobic conditions.
The second route Suzuki coupling reaction [0010]
wherein, X2 is bromo, iodo or tosylate. The route from 3-halo-4-chloro-nitrobenzene as raw material, and 2-chloro-5-nitrophenyl boronic acid pinacol ester, and then reacted with a 2-halo-pyridine was prepared to give 2- (2-chloro 5-nitrophenyl) pyridine. 2- (2-chloro-5-nitrophenyl) pyridine then after reduction and acylation reaction, to give the final product Vismodegib. The key coupling step of the route using the Suzuki coupling reaction, organic boron reagent price to use expensive, high production costs.
The route three Suzuki coupling reaction
wherein, X2 is bromo, iodo or tosylate. Similar to the second route, the route is still critical coupling step using a Suzuki coupling reaction, the same need to use expensive organic boron reagents, higher production costs.
route four Stille coupling reaction
The route to 2-p-toluenesulfonyl pyridine as starting material, is reacted with an organotin reagent, prepared to give pyridin-2-yl trimethyltin, then by Stille coupling reaction, was prepared to give 2- (2-chloro – 5- nitrophenyl) pyridine, followed by reduction reaction, acylation prepared to give Vismodegib. The key step of the route using the Stille coupling reaction, this step need to use expensive and toxic organotin reagents, and the need to carry out the reaction under strict anhydrous, anaerobic conditions.
A process for preparing 2-chloro -N- (4- chloro-3- (pyridin-2-yl) phenyl) -4- (methylsulfonyl) benzamide, comprising: a compound of formula III was prepared as a compound of Formula II;
Then, the compound of formula II with a compound of formula I, to give 2-chloro -N- (4- chloro-3- (pyridin-2-yl) phenyl) -4- (methylsulfonyl) benzamide;
Wherein, R1 is halogen or hydroxy, preferably chlorine, or a hydroxyl group.
2. A process for preparing 2-chloro -N- (4- chloro-3- (pyridin-2-yl) phenyl) -4- (methylsulfonyl) benzamide, comprising:
Wherein, X is halogen, preferably bromo or iodo condition is halo or hydroxy, preferably chlorine, or a hydroxyl group.
3. A process for preparing 2-chloro -N- (4- chloro-3- (pyridin-2-yl) phenyl) -4- (methylsulfonyl) benzamide, comprising:
Wherein, X is halogen, preferably bromo or iodo condition is halo or hydroxy, preferably chlorine, or a hydroxyl group.
Example 1: N–oxo-2- (2-chloro-5-nitrophenyl) pyridine
[0108] To a 100mL three-necked flask were added 30mmoll- oxopyrido, 10mmol2- bromo-1-chloro-4-nitrobenzene, 12mmol potassium carbonate, 0.05mmol tri-butyl acetate button and 0.15mmol phosphorus tetrafluoroborate salt, 40ml of toluene, IS gas exchange three times, under argon at reflux for 2 days, then the reaction mixture was poured into 100mL of ethyl acetate, filtered, and the filtrate was washed with saturated brine, dried and the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure, column chromatography (mobile phase V / V: methanol / dichloromethane = 1/50), fractions were collected and the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure to give a pale yellow solid, yield 60%.
1HMffi (500Hz, DMS0_d6): 8.35 (m, 3H), 7.90 (d, 1Η), 7.62 (q, 1Η), 7.55 (m, 1Η), 7.48 (m, 1Η);
MS: 251.1,253.1 ([Μ + Η] +).
2 Example: Ν–oxo-2- (2-chloro-5-nitrophenyl) pyridine
To a 100mL three-necked flask 30mmoll- oxopyrido, 10mmol2- bromo-1-chloro-4-nitrobenzene, 12mmol of potassium carbonate, 0.05mmol iodide and 0.1Ommoll, 10- Fei Luo Jie morpholine, 40ml of xylene, an argon gas exchange three times, under argon at reflux for 2 days, cooled to room temperature and then the reaction system was poured into 100mL methylene chloride, filtered and the filtrate washed with saturated brine, dried, filtered, The filtrate solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure, column chromatography (mobile phase V / V: methanol / dichloromethane = 1/50) to give a pale yellow solid, yield 42%. .
3 Example: 2- (2-chloro-5-nitrophenyl) pyridine
After 3.0mmol N- oxo added to 100mL of Lord vial _2_ (2_ chloro _5_ nitrophenyl) pyrazole 唳, 15mmol phosphorus trichloride and 30ml of chloroform was heated at reflux for 12h, the reaction It was poured into 100mL of water and extracted with ethyl acetate (50ml X 2), and the combined organic phase was dried and the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure, column chromatography (mobile phase V / V: petroleum ether / ethyl acetate = 20/1) , fractions were collected, the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure to give a white solid, yield 95%.
1Hnmr (SooHzJDCI3): 8.78 (d, 1H), 8.51 (d, 1H), 8.20 (m, 1H), 7.85 (m, 1H), 7.72 (d, 1H), 7.65 (d, 1H), 7.40 (m, 1H);
MS: 235.1,237.1 ([M + H] +).
4 Example 2: Preparation 4_ chlorine _3_ (topiramate 唳 _2_ yl) aniline
To a vial was added 100mL of Lord 20mmol2- (2- chloro-5-nitrophenyl) pyridine 唳, 50ml of acetic acid, heated to 80 ° C and stirred, and then slowly added IOOmmol iron, reaction 0.5h The reaction solution was poured into 200ml water and extracted with dichloromethane (150ml X 3), the combined organic phases, the organic phase was washed with saturated sodium carbonate solution (50ml X 3), the organic phase was dried, evaporated under reduced pressure to give the crude product, n-propyl alcohol weight crystallized to give a pale yellow solid, yield 75%.
1HMflUSOOHz, DMS0_d6): 8.63 (m, 1H), 7.84 (m, 1H), 7.56 (d, 1H), 7.37 (m, 1H),
7.13 (d, 1H), 6.76 (d, 1H), 6.61 (q, 1H), 5.32 (s, 2H);
MS: 205.1,207.1 ([M + H] +).
5 Example: 4-chloro-3- (pyridin 唳-2-yl) aniline
to 100mL of God-shaped flask 20mmol2_ (2_ chlorine _5_ nitrophenyl) pyridine Jie set, 50ml of methanol, Ig activated carbon, 2mmol FeOOH and 60mmol85% of hydrazine hydrate, heated to reflux and stirred for 6 ~ 8h, after the completion of the reaction, was filtered, spin-dry the solvent, dissolved in 150ml of dichloromethane, the organic phase was washed with saturated sodium bicarbonate solution (20ml X3), the organic phase was dried, evaporated under reduced pressure to give the crude product was recrystallized from n-propanol to give a pale yellow solid, yield 96%.
6 Example 2: Preparation 4_-chloro-3- (2-yl) aniline
20mmol N- oxo added to 100mL eggplant-shaped flask _2_ (2_ chloro _5_ nitrophenyl) pyridine, 50ml of acetic acid, heated to 80 ° C and stirred, and then iron powder was slowly added IOOmmol After 0.5h the reaction the reaction solution was poured into 200ml water and extracted with dichloromethane (150ml X3), the combined organic phases were washed with saturated sodium carbonate solution (50ml X3), the organic phase was dried, evaporated under reduced pressure to give the crude product, n-propanol recrystallized to give a white solid, yield 70%.
Preparation 7.Α ~ chlorine -3_ (topiramate 唳 2-yl) aniline [0130] Example
20mmol N- oxo added to 100mL eggplant type flask _2_ (2_ chloro _5_ nitrophenyl) pyridine, 50ml of methanol, Ig active carbon, 2mmol FeOOH 60mmol85% hydrazine hydrate and heated to reflux and stirred for 6 ~ 8h, after the completion of the reaction, was filtered, spin-dry the solvent, dissolved in 150ml of dichloromethane, washed with saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution, the organic phase (20mlX3), the organic phase was dried, evaporated under reduced pressure to give the crude product, n-propyl alcohol weight crystallized to give a white solid, yield 82%.
Vismodegib Preparation: 8 Example
In the Lord 50ml vial, the 1.50mmol2- chloro-4-methanesulfonyl-chloride in 15ml of dry tetrahydrofuran, cooled to ice bath O ~ 10 ° C, a solution of 4-chloro-3 – (pyridin-2-yl) aniline in anhydrous tetrahydrofuran (1.47mmol / 10ml), triethylamine was added dropwise and then finished 2.5mmol of dropwise addition, the reaction at room temperature 4h, the reaction was completed, the reaction system was poured into 50ml water and stirred, precipitated solid was filtered, washed with water, and dried to give a white solid product, yield 88%.
1HNMR (500Hz, DMS0_d6): 10.90 (s, 1H), 8.70 (d, 1H), 8.12 (d, 1H), 8.01 (t, 2H), 7.92 (m, 2H), 7.74 (q, 1H ), 7.69 (d, 1H), 7.58 (d, 1H), 7.44 (m, 1H), 3.34 (s, 3H).
MS: 421.1,423.1 ([M + H] +).
Vismodegib Preparation: 9 Example
In 50ml vial of God, will 1.50mmol2_ chlorine _4_ methylsulfonyl benzoic acid, 1.47mmol4_ chlorine _3_ (batch 唳 2-yl) aniline and triethylamine were dissolved in 25ml 2.5mmol anhydrous tetrahydrofuran in an ice bath to cool to O ~ 10 ° C, was added in portions N, N ‘- dicyclohexyl carbodiimide (DCC) 1.50mmol, After the addition, the reaction at room temperature 6h, after the reaction, white solid was removed by filtration, the filtrate was poured into 50ml water and stirred, precipitated solid was filtered, washed with water, and dried to give a white solid product, yield 84%.
Vismodegib Preparation: 10 [0141] Example
In 50ml eggplant-shaped flask, 1.50mmol2- chloro-4-methanesulfonyl-benzoic acid was dissolved in 15ml of dichloromethane, cooled to ice bath O ~ 5 ° C, thionyl chloride was added dropwise 3.0mmol After stirring at room temperature 30min, removed by rotary evaporation dichloromethane and excess thionyl chloride, 15ml of anhydrous tetrahydrofuran was added, the ice bath was cooled to O ~ 10 ° C, solution of 4-chloro-3- (pyridin-2- yl) aniline in anhydrous THF (1.47mmol / 10ml), triethylamine was added dropwise and then finished 2.5mmol of dropwise addition, the reaction at room temperature 4h, the reaction was completed, the reaction was poured into 50ml water system and stirring, the precipitated solid was filtered, washed with water, and dried to give a white solid product, yield 88%.
PATENT
CN 103910672
http://www.google.com/patents/CN103910672A?cl=en
Vismodegib PreparatioN
In 50ml eggplant-shaped flask, 1.50mmol2- chloro-4-methanesulfonyl-benzoic acid was dissolved in 15ml of dichloromethane, cooled to ice bath O ~ 5 ° C, thionyl chloride was added dropwise 3.0mmol After stirring at room temperature 30min, removed by rotary evaporation dichloromethane and excess thionyl chloride, 15ml of anhydrous tetrahydrofuran was added, the ice bath was cooled to O ~ 10 ° C, solution of 4-chloro-3- (pyridin-2- yl) aniline in anhydrous THF (1.47mmol / 10ml), triethylamine was added dropwise and then finished 2.5mmol of dropwise addition, the reaction at room temperature 4h, the reaction was completed, the reaction was poured into 50ml water system and stirring, the precipitated solid was filtered, washed with water, and dried to give a white solid product, yield 88%.
PATENT
WO2006028958
https://www.google.co.in/patents/WO2006028958A2?cl=en
Example 1 General Procedure
Compounds of examples 2-51 were prepared according to the following general procedures.
A: Suzuki Coupling Procedure
2 M aq. Potassium carbonate (5.0 eq) and 4:1 toluene :ethanol mixture (2.5 mL) were added to a microwave vial charged with the appropriate boronate ester (2.6 eq), aryl halide (0.35 mmol, 1.0 eq), and Pd(PPh3)4 (0.04 eq). The vial was sealed and heated with stirring in the microwave to 160 0C for ten minutes. The solution was poured onto 2 M aq. Sodium hydroxide (20 mL), extracted with ethyl acetate (2 x 20 mL), dried (MgSO4), and concentrated. Purification of the crude product by chromatography on silica gel (conditions given below) afforded the desired product.
B: Negishi Coupling Procedure
X = I or Br R = H, 3-Me, 4-Me5 5-Me, 6-Me
Aryl zinc bromide (0.5 M in THF, 2.5 eq) was added to an oven-dried microwave vial charged with the appropriate aryl halide (1.0 eq) and Pd(PPh3)4 (0.04 eq). The vial was sealed and heated with stirring in the microwave to 140 0C for 10 minutes. The crude reaction mixture was concentrated and purified by chromatography on silica gel (conditions given below) to afford the desired product.
C: Iron Reduction of Aryl Nitro Group
R = I or pyridin-2-yl
The appropriate nitro aryl (1 mmol, 1 eq) in AcOH/EtOH (1:1, 0.42 M) was added slowly to a solution of Iron powder (6.0 eq) in AcOH/EtOH (1:2, 2 M) at 60 °C. The solution was stirred at 70 0C for 30-60 minutes. The reaction mixture was cooled to 23 0C, filtered through celite, washed with ethyl acetate, and concentrated. The oily residue was dissolved in ethyl acetate (30 mL), washed with saturated aq. NaHCO3 (2 x 15 rnL) and water (2 x 10 niL), dried (MgSO4), and concentrated. The oily residue was used with out further purification.
D: Amide Bond Formation
R = I or pyridin-2-yI
Acid chloride (1.05-1.1 eq) was added to a solution of aniline (1.0 eq) and TEA (1.1-1.5 eq) in methylene chloride at the indicated temperature. The solution was stirred for 0.5-3 hours, poured onto saturated aq. NaHCO3, extracted twice with methylene chloride, dried (MgSO4), and concentrated. Purification of the crude product by chromatography on silica gel (conditions given below) afforded the desired product.
E: EDC Amide Bond Formation
R = I or pyridin-2-yl
Carboxylic acid (1.1 eq) was added to a solution of aniline (1.0 eq) and EDC (1.4 eq) in methylene chloride (0.7 M in aniline). The solution was stirred at 23 0C for 2 hours, poured onto a 1 :1 mixture of saturated aq. NH4Cl and water, extracted twice with methylene chloride, dried (MgSO4), and concentrated. Purification of the crude product by chromatography on silica gel (conditions given below) afforded the desired product. F: addition of amines to 2-chloropyridine
NHRR’ = ethanolamine, analine, benzylamine, 2-methylpropylamine, N-methylpiperazine, morpholine, 2-morpholinoethylamine
Primary or secondary amine (5 eq) in either BuOH or a mixture of BuOH/ethylene gylcol was heated to 170 to 220 0C for 20 min in a sealed tube. The BuOH was removed under reduced pressure. In cases where ethylene glycol was used, the reaction was diluted with water, and the product was extracted into ethyl acetate, dried (MgSO^, and concentrated. The crude residue was purified by reverse phase HPLC to afford the desired product.
G: Amide bond coupling with HATU
HATU, DIPEA, DMF NaOH or NaHCO3
ethyl acetate extraction
Aniline (1.0 eq) was added to a mixture of carboxylic acid (1.1 eq), HATU (1.1 eq) and DIPEA (2 eq) in DMF (0.1 – 0.2 M). After stirring overnight, the reaction mixture was diluted with 0.1 N sodium hydroxide or saturated NaHCθ3, extracted into ethyl acetate and the combined organic layers were washed with brine. The organic layer was dried (MgSO4), concentrated and the crude mixture was purified by reverse phase HPLC. H: Preparation of sulfonamide benzoic acids
Chlororsulfonylbenzoic acid (1.0 eq) was added to a solution of amine (1.1 eq) in 10-20% DEPEA/methanol (1 M) at 4 0C. After 1 h, the reaction mixture was concentrated, and the crude residue was purified by reverse phase HPLC.
I : Stannylation of 2-pyridyl triflates
A solution of tetrakis-triphenylphosphinepalladium (0.04 eq.) in toluene (1 mL) was added to degassed solution of aryltriflate (1 eq), bis-trialkyltin (1.05 eq), and lithium chloride (3 eq) in dioxane. Heated to reflux for 2 hours, cooled to 23 0C, diluted with ethyl acetate, washed with 10% NH4θH(aq) and brine, dried (MgSO4) and concentrated. The crude material was used without further purification.
J: Stannylation of substituted pyridines
ιMmβco3 n-Butyl lithium (6 eq, 2.5 M in hexanes) was added dropwise to a solution of dimethylaminoethanol (3 eq) in hexane at 0 0C. The solution was stirred at 0 0C for thirty minutes before dropwise addition of the substituted pyridine (1 eq). The solution was stirred at 0 0C for an additional hour, then cooled to -78 0C. A solution of trialkyltin in hexane was added dropwise. The solution was stirred at -78 0C for thirty minutes, warmed to 0 0C, quenched with water, extracted twice with ether, dried (MgSO4), and concentrated. K: Stille Coupling
Palladium catalyst (0.02 eq) was added to a degassed solution of aryliodide (1 eq), arylstannane (2 eq), and triphenylphosphine (0.16 eq) in NMP. Heated in the microwave to 130 0C for 15 minutes. The reaction mixture was diluted with ethylacetate, washed with 10% NH4θH(aq) and brine, dried (MgSC>4), concentrated and purified by silica gel chromatography.
L: Synthesis of alky lethers
A solution of hydroxypyridine (1 eq), alkyliodide (excess), and cesium carbonate in NMP was heated in the microwave to 1000C for ten minutes. The reaction mixture was diluted with ethylacetate, washed with 10% NH4θH(aq) and brine, dried (MgSC^), concentrated and purified by silica gel chromatography.
M: Methyl Ester Saponification
The methyl ester (leq) was hydrolyzed with LiOH (2eq) in 50/50 THF/water mix. Upon completion of the reaction the THF was evaporated under reduced pressure and the solution is acidified with HCl to pH 2. The resultant solid was filtered and dried to give the pure acid.
N: Bromination in the presence of a free acid functionality
The paramethylbenzoic acid (leq) was combined with Benzoyl Peroxide (O.leq) and N- Bromosuccinimde (0.9eq) in a solution of 5%AcOH in Benzene and heated in the microwave at 120°C for 5-15minutes. The product was separated from the starting material and di-bromo product via ISCO flash chromatography with an ethyl acetate (with 1% AcOH) and hexanes solvent system.
O: Sodium Methanesulfinate displacement of Bromine
To the bromine starting material (leq) was added sodium methanesulfinate (2eq) in DMF and heated to 120°C in the microwave for 5 minutes. Alternatively, the reaction was heated to 60°C in an oil bath for several hours until completed. Reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure and extracted in ethyl acetate and water. The organic layer was dried over Magnesium Sulfate, filtered and concentrated in vacuo to yield generic methylsulfone.
P: Amine displacement of Bromine
To the bromo starting material (leq) was added appropriate amine (3eq) in either DMSO or BuOH and stirred at room temperature until complete. For less nucleophilic amines or anilines, the reactions were forced to completion using microwave conditions ranging from 150°-170°C for 15 minutes. Crude reactions were concentrated to dryness and either extracted with ethyl acetate and saturated bicarbonate if the reaction resulted in an intermediate or purified via HPLC if the reaction resulted in a final product.
Q: Thiol displacement of halogen
The paramethylbromo benzoate (leq) was treated with Potassium (or Cesium) Carbonate (1.5eq) and appropriate thiol derivative (l,leq) in DMF (or CH3CN) and stirred overnight at room temperature. The DMF was evaporated in vacuo and the reaction was extracted with ethyl acetate and water. The organic layer was dried over Magnesium Sulfate , filtered and concentrated to yield the thiol or derivatized thiol compound.
R: Oxone Oxidation
oxone 2:1 MeOHTH2O
Derivatized thiol (leq) was dissolved in MeOH while Oxone (2eq) was seperately dissolved in half the amount of water. Once all the oxone was dissolved, the solution was added to the thiol in MeOH solution at once and stirred until complete. The MeOH was evaporated in vacuo and the remaining water was extracted twice with Ethyl Acetate. The organic layer was dried over Magnesium Sulfate and concentrated to yield the sulfone.
S: Thio lysis of epoxides at alumina surfaces
A mixture of epoxides (1.0 eq), thiophenol (1.5 eq) and neutral aluminum oxide (~70 eq) in diethyl ether was stirred for 3 h at room temperature while being monitored by TLC. The reaction mixture was filtered through Celite, washed with ethyl acetate and concentrated. Purified by silica gel chromatography (0-40% ethyl acetate/hexane) to yield β -hydroxysulfide product.
T: Conversion of nitrile group to carboxylic acid
R
A solution of benzonitrile (1.0 eq) and sodium hydroxide (2.0 eq) in H2O was heated to 120 ° C for 2h. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and acidified with HCl to pH 2. The resulting solid was filtered to afford the pure acid product.
U. Alkylation of phenols
The phenol was dissolved in DMF (1.0 ml). Cesium carbonate (1.0 eq.) and an alkyl bromide or alkyl iodide (1.0 to 2.0 eq.) were added, and the reaction was stirred at room temperature for 18 hrs or 5O0C for 1 to 24 hours. The reaction was quenched in water, and extracted with ethyl acetate twice. The organic extracts were washed with water once, brine once, dried with MgSC>4, and evaporated to a crude oil which was purified on reverse phase HPLC.
V. Amide bond formation with an acid chloride and an aniline
The aniline was dissolved in THF (1.5 ml) and dichloromethane (1.5 ml). MP-Carbonate (1.5 eq.) and an acid chloride (1.1 eq.) were added, and the solution was stirred at room temperature for 18 hours. The reaction was diluted with methanol and dichloromethane, and filtered to remove the MP-Carbonate. The mother liquors were evaporated to a solid and purified by reverse phase HPLC.
W. Amidine formation from an imidate
A solution of freshly formed imidate in methanol was treated with a primary or secondary amine (1.5 eq.) at room temperature for 18 hours. The methanol was removed on a rotary evaporator and the residue purified by reverse phase HPLC.
Example 37 2-chloro-N-(4-chloro-3-(pyridin-2-yl)phenyl)-4-(methylsulfonyl)benzamide
Procedure G was used to couple 4-chloro-3-(pyridin-2-yl)aniline (50 mg) and 2-chloro-4- methylsulfonylbenzoic acid to produce 2-chloro-N-(4-chloro-3-(pyridin-2-yl)phenyl)-4- (methylsulfonyl)benzamide. MS (Ql) 421.0 (M)+. The product was then dissolved in 1 Ν HCI solution followed by freebasing with 0.5 Ν NaOH solution (pH to 11). The resulting precipitate was filtered and vacuum-dry.
Procedure D may also be used to couple 4-chloro-3-(pyridin-2-yl)aniline and 2-chloro-4- (methylsulfonyl)benzoyl chloride to produce 2-chloro-N-(4-chloro-3-(pyridin-2-yl)phenyl)-4-
(methylsulfonyl)benzamide which is collected by suction filtration and the HCl salt is washed with
Et2O (or alternatively with MTBE). This material is freebased using EtOAc/aq NaHCO3 and the organics are dried and concentrated to the solid freebase. This material is then crystallized from acetone :EtOAc (80:20, approx lOmL/g) which is then finally recrystallized from hot slurry of iPrOAc. 2-chloro-N-(4-chloro-3-(pyridin-2-yl)phenyl)-4-(methylsulfonyl)benzamide HCl salt may also be dissolved in distilled water followed by freebasing with 0.5 N NaOH solution (pH to 11) and filtering and vacuum drying the precipitate.
Patent
WO 2016020324, BASF AG, vismodegib , new patent
WO2016020324, MULTI-COMPONENT CRYSTALS OF VISMODEGIB AND SELECTED CO-CRYSTAL FORMERS OR SOLVENTS
BASF SE [DE/DE]; 67056 Ludwigshafen (DE)
VIERTELHAUS, Martin; (DE).
CHIODO, Tiziana; (DE).
SALVADOR, Beate; (DE).
VOSSEN, Marcus; (DE).
HAFNER, Andreas; (CH).
HINTERMANN, Tobias; (CH).
WEISHAAR, Walter; (DE).
HELLMANN, Rolf; (DE)
The present invention primarily relates to multi-component crystals comprising a compound of formula 1 and a second compound selected from the group consisting of co-crystal formers and sol-vents. The invention is further related to pharmaceutical compositions comprising such multi-component crystals. Furthermore, the invention relates to processes for preparing said multi-component crystals. The invention also relates to several aspects of using said multi-component crystals or pharmaceutical compositions to treat a disease.
Developed and launched by Roche and its subsidiary Genentech, under license from Curis. Family members of the product Patent of vismodegib (WO2006028958),
Vismodegib was first disclosed in WO Patent Publication No. 06/028959. Vismodegib, chem-ically 2-Chloro-N-(4-chloro-3-pyridin-2-ylphenyl)-4-methylsulfonylbenzamide, is represented by the following structure:
formula 1
Vismodegib is an active pharmaceutical ingredient produced by Genentech (Roche) and sold under the trade name Erivedge® (which contains crystalline Vismodegib as the active ingre-dient). Erivedge® is an oral Hedgehog signaling pathway inhibitor approved for the treatment of basal-cell carcinoma (BCC).
The present invention primarily relates to multi-component crystals comprising a compound of formula 1 (cf. above) and a second compound selected from the group consisting of co-crystal formers and solvents.
The invention is further related to pharmaceutical compositions comprising said multi-component crystals. Furthermore, the invention also relates to processes for preparing said multi-component crystals. The invention also relates to several aspects of using said multi-component crystals or pharmaceutical compositions to treat a disease. Further details as well as further aspects of the present invention will be described herein below.
Vismodegib is a BCS class II compound with a high permeability but a low solubility where enhanced solubility or dissolution rates can lead to a significant advantage in respect to bio-availability.
Vismodegib is known to exist as crystalline free base. Salts of Vismodegib are men-tioned in US 7,888,364 B2 but not specified. In particular, the HCI salt is mentioned as intermediate but not characterized. Co-crystals or solvates are not reported at all.
The solubility of Vismodegib is reported to be 0.1 μg/mL at pH 7 and 0.99 mg/mL at pH 1 for Erivedge®. The absolute bio-availability after single dose is reported to be 31.8 % and the ex-posure is not linear at single doses higher than 270 mg. Erivedge® capsules do not have a food label. The estimated elimination half-life (t1/2) after continuous once-daily dosing is 4 days and 12 days after a single dose treatment (Highlights of Prescribing Information: ERIVEDGE® (vismodegib) capsule for oral use; Revised: 01/2012).
The discovery and preparation of new co-crystals or solvates offer an opportunity to improve the performance profile of a pharmaceutical product. It widens the reservoir of techniques/materials that a formulation scientist can use for designing a new dosage form of an active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) with improved characteristics. One of the most important characteristics of an API such as Vismodegib is the bio-availability which is often determined by the aqueous solubility.
A compound like Vismodegib may give rise to a variety of crystalline forms having dis-tinct crystal structures and physical characteristics like melting point, X-ray diffraction pattern, infrared spectrum, Raman spectrum and solid state NMR spectrum. One crystalline form may give rise to thermal behavior different from that of another crystalline form. Thermal behavior can be measured in the laboratory by such techniques as capillary melting point, thermogravimetry (TG), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) as well as content of sol-vent in the crystalline form, which have been used to distinguish polymorphic forms.
Multi-component crystals comprising Vismodegib and selected co-crystal formers or solvents may improve the dissolution kinetic profile and allow to control the hygrosco-picity of Vismodegib.
Therefore, there is a need for multi-component crystals comprising Vismodegib that avoid the above disadvantages. In particular, it is an object of the present invention to provide multi-component crystals of Vismodegib with optimized manufacture, formula-tion, stability and/or biological efficacy
.
Example 1 :
314 mg Vismodegib and 86 mg maleic acid are suspended in toluene saturated with maleic acid for 2 d, filtered and dried.
TG data shows a mass loss of about 2.3 wt % between 100 and 1 18 °C which is attributed to rest solvent. DSC data shows a single endothermal peak with an onset of about 1 15 °C (99 J/g).
H-NMR spectroscopy indicates a molar ratio of Vismodegib to maleic acid of about 1 :1 .3. However single crystal X-ray data confirms a ratio of 1 :2 (Table 1 ).
update……………
Vismodegib Synthesis
WO2009126863A2: also see Ref. 1. It all started from here.
Identification:
| 1H NMR (Estimated) for Vismodegib |
Experimental: 1H NMR (400MHz, CDCl3) δ (ppm): 9.58 (bs, 1H), 8.43 (d, J = 4.7Hz, 1H), 8.03 (dd, J = 2.6, 8.7Hz, 1H), 7.90 (d, J = 1.6Hz, 1H), 7.67-7.78 (m, 4H), 7.60 (d, J = 8.0Hz, 1H), 7. 51 (d, J = 8.8Hz, 1H), 7.23-7.24 (m, 1H), 3.01 (s, 3H).
UPDATES…….
Manufacturing Development and Genotoxic Impurity Control Strategy of the Hedgehog Pathway Inhibitor Vismodegib
The development work toward the robust and efficient manufacturing process to vismodegib, the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) in Erivedge, is described. The optimization of the four-stage manufacturing process was designed to produce the API with the required critical quality attributes: (1) the selective catalytic hydrogenation reduction of the nitro compound 3 to the corresponding aniline 4 while minimizing the formation of potential genotoxic (mutagenic) impurities; (2) the control of the polymorphic phase and multipoint specification for particle size distribution.
Vismodegib
1H
13C
////////////////
References
- “Vismodegib, First Hedgehog Inhibitor, Approved for BCC Patients”.
- “Molecule of the Month”. June 2011.
- “FDA approves Erivedge (vismodegib) capsule, the first medicine for adults with advanced basal cell carcinoma”.
- Lacroix, Marc (2014). Targeted Therapies in Cancer. Hauppauge , NY: Nova Sciences Publishers. ISBN 978-1-63321-687-7.
- “Vismodegib (GDC-0449) Smoothened Inhibitor – BioOncology”.
- H. Spreitzer (4 July 2011). “Neue Wirkstoffe – Vismodegib”. Österreichische Apothekerzeitung (in German) (14/2011): 10.
- FDA Professional Drug Information
External links
- Erivedge® (vismodegib), a prescription oral medica on approved for advanced basal cell carcinoma treatment
- Efficacy and Safety of Vismodegib
- Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved vismodegib
PatentSubmittedGranted
Pyridyl inhibitors of hedgehog signalling [US7888364]2006-03-232011-02-15
PYRIDYL INHIBITORS OF HEDGEHOG SIGNALLING [US2009281089]2009-11-12
ANTI-HEDGEHOG ANTIBODIES [US8030454]2010-01-072011-10-04
PYRIDYL INHIBITORS OF HEDGEHOG SIGNALLING [US2011092461]2011-04-21
PYRIDYL INHIBITORS OF HEDGEHOG SIGNALLING [US2012094980]2011-10-142012-04-19
COMBINATION THERAPY WITH NANOPARTICLE COMPOSITIONS OF TAXANE AND HEDGEHOG INHIBITORS [US2013045240]2010-08-252013-02-21
COMBINATION THERAPY WITH NANOPARTICLE COMPOSITIONS OF TAXANE AND HEDGEHOG INHIBITORS [US2014072630]2013-02-282014-03-13
Acyl guanidine derivatives modulating the hedgehog protein signaling pathway [US8889678]2010-07-192014-11-18
COMBINATION THERAPY [US2012184529]2012-01-032012-07-19
METHOD OF INHIBITING DYRK1B [US2014371251]2014-06-182014-12-18
USE OF SUBSTITUTED HEXITOLS INCLUDING DIANHYDROGALACTITOL AND ANALOGS TO TREAT NEOPLASTIC DISEASE AND CANCER STEM AND CANCER STEM CELLS INCLUDING GLIOBLASTOMA MULTIFORME AND MEDULLOBLASTOMA [US2014377336]2013-01-222014-12-25
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NON-PATENT CITATIONS
| Reference | ||
|---|---|---|
| 1 | * | GEORGETTE M. CASTANEDO，等: “Second generation 2-pyridyl biphenyl amide inhibitors of the hedgehog pathway“, 《BIOORGANIC & MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS》, vol. 20, 15 September 2010 (2010-09-15), pages 6748 – 6753 |
| 2 | * | 曹萌，等: “Vismodegib 的合成“, 《第十一届全国青年药学工作者最新科研成果交流会论文集》, 21 June 2012 (2012-06-21) |
| 3 | * | 耿一丁: “Vismodegib“, 《中国药物化学杂志》, vol. 22, no. 3, 20 June 2012 (2012-06-20) |
| 4 | * | 邢其毅，等: “《基础有机化学》”, 31 December 2005, article “201310019450.0“, pages: 896-897 |
 |
|
 |
|
| Systematic (IUPAC) name | |
|---|---|
|
2-Chloro-N-(4-chloro-3-pyridin-2-ylphenyl)-4-methylsulfonylbenzamide
|
|
| Clinical data | |
| Trade names | Erivedge |
| AHFS/Drugs.com | monograph |
| Licence data | EMA:Link, US FDA:link |
| Pregnancy category |
|
| Legal status | |
| Routes of administration |
Oral |
| Pharmacokinetic data | |
| Bioavailability | 31.8% |
| Protein binding | >99% |
| Metabolism | <2% metabolised byCYP2C9, CYP3A4, CYP3A5 |
| Biological half-life | 4 days (continuous use), 12 days (single dose) |
| Excretion | Faeces (82%), urine (4.4%) |
| Identifiers | |
| CAS Number | 879085-55-9 |
| ATC code | L01XX43 |
| PubChem | CID 24776445 |
| IUPHAR/BPS | 6975 |
| DrugBank | DB08828 |
| ChemSpider | 23337846 |
| UNII | 25X868M3DS |
| ChEBI | CHEBI:66903  |
| ChEMBL | CHEMBL473417 |
| Synonyms | GDC-0449, RG-3616 |
| Chemical data | |
| Formula | C19H14Cl2N2O3S |
| Molar mass | 421.30 g/mol |
SEE…http://apisynthesisint.blogspot.in/2016/02/vismodegib.html
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CS(=O)(=O)C1=CC(=C(C=C1)C(=O)NC2=CC(=C(C=C2)Cl)C3=CC=CC=N3)Cl
CS(=O)(=O)C1=CC(=C(C=C1)C(=O)NC2=CC(=C(C=C2)Cl)C3=CC=CC=N3)Cl
Drug Discovery, Hit to Lead
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WO 2016020324, BASF AG, Vismodegib , New patent
WO 2016020324, BASF AG, vismodegib , new patent
WO2016020324, MULTI-COMPONENT CRYSTALS OF VISMODEGIB AND SELECTED CO-CRYSTAL FORMERS OR SOLVENTS
BASF SE [DE/DE]; 67056 Ludwigshafen (DE)
VIERTELHAUS, Martin; (DE).
CHIODO, Tiziana; (DE).
SALVADOR, Beate; (DE).
VOSSEN, Marcus; (DE).
HAFNER, Andreas; (CH).
HINTERMANN, Tobias; (CH).
WEISHAAR, Walter; (DE).
HELLMANN, Rolf; (DE)
The present invention primarily relates to multi-component crystals comprising a compound of formula 1 and a second compound selected from the group consisting of co-crystal formers and sol-vents. The invention is further related to pharmaceutical compositions comprising such multi-component crystals. Furthermore, the invention relates to processes for preparing said multi-component crystals. The invention also relates to several aspects of using said multi-component crystals or pharmaceutical compositions to treat a disease.
Developed and launched by Roche and its subsidiary Genentech, under license from Curis. Family members of the product Patent of vismodegib (WO2006028958),
Vismodegib was first disclosed in WO Patent Publication No. 06/028959. Vismodegib, chem-ically 2-Chloro-N-(4-chloro-3-pyridin-2-ylphenyl)-4-methylsulfonylbenzamide, is represented by the following structure:
formula 1
Vismodegib is an active pharmaceutical ingredient produced by Genentech (Roche) and sold under the trade name Erivedge® (which contains crystalline Vismodegib as the active ingre-dient). Erivedge® is an oral Hedgehog signaling pathway inhibitor approved for the treatment of basal-cell carcinoma (BCC).
The present invention primarily relates to multi-component crystals comprising a compound of formula 1 (cf. above) and a second compound selected from the group consisting of co-crystal formers and solvents.
The invention is further related to pharmaceutical compositions comprising said multi-component crystals. Furthermore, the invention also relates to processes for preparing said multi-component crystals. The invention also relates to several aspects of using said multi-component crystals or pharmaceutical compositions to treat a disease. Further details as well as further aspects of the present invention will be described herein below.
Vismodegib is a BCS class II compound with a high permeability but a low solubility where enhanced solubility or dissolution rates can lead to a significant advantage in respect to bio-availability.
Vismodegib is known to exist as crystalline free base. Salts of Vismodegib are men-tioned in US 7,888,364 B2 but not specified. In particular, the HCI salt is mentioned as intermediate but not characterized. Co-crystals or solvates are not reported at all.
The solubility of Vismodegib is reported to be 0.1 μg/mL at pH 7 and 0.99 mg/mL at pH 1 for Erivedge®. The absolute bio-availability after single dose is reported to be 31.8 % and the ex-posure is not linear at single doses higher than 270 mg. Erivedge® capsules do not have a food label. The estimated elimination half-life (t1/2) after continuous once-daily dosing is 4 days and 12 days after a single dose treatment (Highlights of Prescribing Information: ERIVEDGE® (vismodegib) capsule for oral use; Revised: 01/2012).
The discovery and preparation of new co-crystals or solvates offer an opportunity to improve the performance profile of a pharmaceutical product. It widens the reservoir of techniques/materials that a formulation scientist can use for designing a new dosage form of an active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) with improved characteristics. One of the most important characteristics of an API such as Vismodegib is the bio-availability which is often determined by the aqueous solubility.
A compound like Vismodegib may give rise to a variety of crystalline forms having dis-tinct crystal structures and physical characteristics like melting point, X-ray diffraction pattern, infrared spectrum, Raman spectrum and solid state NMR spectrum. One crystalline form may give rise to thermal behavior different from that of another crystalline form. Thermal behavior can be measured in the laboratory by such techniques as capillary melting point, thermogravimetry (TG), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) as well as content of sol-vent in the crystalline form, which have been used to distinguish polymorphic forms.
Multi-component crystals comprising Vismodegib and selected co-crystal formers or solvents may improve the dissolution kinetic profile and allow to control the hygrosco-picity of Vismodegib.
Therefore, there is a need for multi-component crystals comprising Vismodegib that avoid the above disadvantages. In particular, it is an object of the present invention to provide multi-component crystals of Vismodegib with optimized manufacture, formula-tion, stability and/or biological efficacy
.
Example 1 :
314 mg Vismodegib and 86 mg maleic acid are suspended in toluene saturated with maleic acid for 2 d, filtered and dried.
TG data shows a mass loss of about 2.3 wt % between 100 and 1 18 °C which is attributed to rest solvent. DSC data shows a single endothermal peak with an onset of about 1 15 °C (99 J/g).
H-NMR spectroscopy indicates a molar ratio of Vismodegib to maleic acid of about 1 :1 .3. However single crystal X-ray data confirms a ratio of 1 :2 (Table 1 ).
Pfizer’s Fosdagrocorat, PF-04171327 for Rheumatoid Arthritis
Fosdagrocorat, PF-04171327,
CAS 1044535-58-1
(2R,4aS,10aR)-4a-Benzyl-7-((2-methylpyridin-3-yl)carbamoyl)-2-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,3,4,4a,9,10,10a-octahydrophenanthren-2-yl dihydrogen phosphate
2-Phenanthrenecarboxamide, 4b,5,6,7,8,8a,9,10-octahydro-N-(2-methyl-3-pyridinyl)-4b-(phenylmethyl)-7-(phosphonooxy)-7-(trifluoromethyl)-, (4bS,7R,8aR)-
(2R,4aS,10aR)-4a-benzyl-7-((2-methylpyridin-3-yl)carbamoyl)-2-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,3,4,4a,9,10,10a-octahydrophenanthren-2-yl dihydrogen phosphate
MF C29H30F3N2O5P
Exact Mass: 574.1844
- PF 04171327
- PF-04171327
- UNII-HPI19004QS
- Selective Glucocorticoid Receptor Modulator
phase 2 .Rheumatoid Arthritis
Glucocorticoid receptor modulators
Pfizer
- 03 Sep 2015Phase II development of fosdagrocorat is ongoing
- 01 Jun 2014Pfizer completes a phase II trial in Rheumatoid arthritis in US, Bulgaria, Colombia, the Czech Republic, Germany, Hungary, India, South Korea, Malaysia, Mexico, Poland, Romania, Russia, Serbia, Slovakia, South Africa, Spain and the Ukraine (NCT01393639)
- 30 Sep 2011Phase-II clinical trials in Rheumatoid arthritis in Bulgaria, Colombia, Germany, India, Malaysia, Mexico, Poland, Romania and South Africa (PO)
Fosdagrocorat, also known as PF-04171327, a dissociated agonist of the glucocorticoid receptor (DAGR), a selective high-affinity partial agonist of the GR with potent anti-inflammatory activity at exposures that provide less undesirable effects on bone and glucose metabolism compared with prednisone (pred).
Glucocorticoid receptor modulators are glucocorticoid receptor ligands that are used to treat a variety of conditions because of their powerful anti-inflammatory, antiproliferative and immunomodulatory activity. J. Miner, et al., Expert Opin. Investig. Drugs (2005) 14(12):1527-1545.
Examples of glucocorticoid receptor modulators include dexamethasone, prednisone, prednisolone, RU-486, and as described in WO 2000/66522 and WO 2004/005229.
Treatment with glucocorticoid receptor modulators is often associated with side effects, such as bone loss and osteoporosis.
Identifying a glucocorticoid receptor modulator that is efficacious, potent, and has mitigated side-effects fulfills a medical need.
SYNTHESIS COMING…………
PATENT
WO 2008093227/US 20100286214
https://www.google.com/patents/WO2008093227A1?cl=en
SCHEME A
The 1 (/?)-Benzyl-5-bromo-9(S)-hydro-10(R)-hydroxy-10(R)-methyl-tricyclo[7.3.1.02‘7]trideca-2,4,6-trien-13-one of Formula A-8 was prepared using the protocol described in Scheme A, which is generally disclosed in WO 00/66522. Ph depicts Phenyl. Bn depicts Benzyl. Compound A-1 can be purchased (for example, VOUS and Riverside; CAS No. 4133-35-1 ). Compound A-2 can be prepared as described in Org. Syn. 1971 , 51 , 109-112.
SCHEME B
The (4βS,7R,8αR)-4β-benzyl-7-hydroxy-Λ/-(2-methylpyridin-3-yl)-7-(trifluoromethyl)-4b,5,6,7,8α,9,10-octahydrophenanthrene-2-carboxamide was prepared as described in Scheme B.
SCHEME C
The (2R,4αS, 10αR)-4α-benzyl-7-((2-methylpyridin-3-yl)carbamoyl)-2-(trifluoromethyl)-1 ,2,3,4,4α,9,10,10α-octahydrophenanthren-2-yl dihydrogen phosphate of C-3 was prepared as described in Scheme C. Bn depicts benzyl.
SCHEME D
The (2R,4αS,10αR)-4α-benzyl-7-((2-methylpyridin-3-yl)carbamoyl)-2-(trifluoromethyl)-1 ,2,3,4,4α,9,10,10α-octahydrophenanthren-2-yl dihydrogen phosphate of C-3 was prepared as described in Scheme D. Bn depicts benzyl. Ph depicts phenyl.
SCHEME E
The (2R,4αS, 10αR)-4α-benzyl-7-((2-methylpyridin-3-yl)carbamoy[)-2-(trifluoromethyl)-1 ,2,3,4,4α,9,10,10α-octahydrophenanthren-2-yl dihydrogen phosphate of C-3 was prepared as described in Scheme E. Bn depicts benzyl. Ph depicts phenyl.
Starting Material A-8 is 1(R)~Benzyl-5-bromo-9(S)-hydro-10(R)-hydroxy-10(R)-methyl-tricyclo[7.3.1.02‘7]trideca-2,4,6-trien-13-one as depicted by the following formula:
Preparation 1 : (S)-4a-benzyl-7-bromo-2-ethoxy-3,4,4a,9-tetrahydrophenanthrene
Starting Material A-8 (450 g; 1.17 moles) was dissolved in ethanol (4.5 L) at ambient temperature. 21% sodium ethoxide in ethanol (44 mL; 0.12 moles) was added and the mixture was heated to reflux for three hours. Once the Starting Material A-8 was consumed, the reaction mixture was chilled to -250C. Acetyl chloride (250 mL; 3.51 moles) was slowly added to the mixture while the temperature was maintained near -25°C. After the addition was complete, the mixture was warmed to O0C and held there until the intermediate enone was consumed. The mixture was slurry at this point. 21 % sodium ethoxide in ethanol (1.31 L; 3.51 moles) was added to the mixture while the temperature was maintained between -5°C and 50C. If the mixture was not basic, more sodium ethoxide was added. The temperature of the mixture was increased to 25°C and then diluted with water (5.9 L). The mixture was filtered and the solid was washed with water (3 X). The title compound (440 g; 85 area %) was obtained as a beige solid. 1H NMR (DMSO) δ ppm: 1.27 (t, 3H), 1.65 (dt, 1 H), 2.06 (d, 1 H), 2.21 (dd, 1 H)1 2.49 (m, 1 H), 2.65 (m, 2H), 2.89 (m, 2H), 3.85 (q, 2H), 5.45 (m, 2H), 6.44 (d, 2H), 6.98 (t, 2H), 7.06 (m, 2H), 7.25 (d, 1 H), 7.33 (dd, 1 H).
Preparation 2: (S)-4a-benzyl-7-bromo-2,2-(1,2-ethylenedioxy)-1,2,3,4,4a,9-hexahydrophenanthrene
The (S)-4α-benzyl-7-bromo-2-ethoxy-3,4,4α,9-tetrahydrophenanthrene (1270 g; 3.2 moles; 85 area %, which may be prepared as described in Preparation 1 ) was dissolved in toluene (6.45 L). The ethylene glycol (898 mL; 16.1 moles) and p-toluenesulfonic acid (6.1 g; 0.03 moles) were added and the reaction heated to reflux. Solvent (1 L) was distilled from the mixture and replaced with fresh toluene (1 L). This distillation process was repeated twice more. More p-toluenesulfonic acid (6.1 g) was added each time fresh toluene was added. During the reaction, two intermediates (detected by LC) were formed as the substrate was converted into product. The end point of the reaction was an equilibrium point between the two intermediates and the product. Once the endpoint was reached, the mixture was cooled to ambient temperature. The mixture was washed with 0.5 M NaOH (2 L). The phases separated quickly and both were dark with a small rag layer. The mixture was washed with water (2 L). The phases
separated very slowly. The mixture was dried by azeotropic distillation. Methanol (4 L) was added to the mixture and solvent (4 L) was distilled from the mixture. The methanol addition and solvent distillation were repeated twice more. Methanol was added to the mixture and precipitation occurred a few minutes later. More methanol (4 L) was added to the mixture and then brought to reflux. After 30 minutes, the mixture was cooled to 00C. The mixture was filtered and the solid was washed with chilled methanol (2 X 2L). The solid was dried in a vacuum oven at 65°C. The title compound (882 g; 98 area %) was obtained as a beige solid. 1H NMR (DMSO) δ ppm: 1.71 (m, 2H), 2.06 (m, 2H), 2.31 (dd, 1 H), 2.39 (m, 1 H), 2.68 (d, 1 H), 2.77 (m, 1 H), 2.86 (dd, 1 H), 3.36 (d, 1 H), 3.86 (m, 4H), 5.45 (m, 1 H), 6.50 (m, 2H), 7.00 (m, 4H), 7.37 (dd, 1 H), 7.44 (d, 1 H).
Preparation 3: (S)-methyl 4β-benzyl-7,7-(1,2-ethylenedioxy)-4β,5,6,7,8,10-hexahydrophenanthrene-2-carboxylate
The (S)-4α-benzyl-7-bromo-2,2-(1 ,2-ethylenedioxy)-1 ,2,3,4,4α,9-hexahydrophenanthrene (719 g; 1.75 moles, which may be prepared as described in Preparation 2) was dissolved in tetrahydrofuran (7.19 L) and chilled to -7O0C. The 1.6 M n-butyl lithium in hexane (2270 mL; 2.27 moles) was added at a rate such that the temperature was maintained below -6O0C. The mixture held an additional 15 minutes after the addition. Carbon dioxide (108 g; 2.45 moles) was added while the temperature was maintained below -60°C. The mixture held an additional 15 minutes after the addition. The mixture was warmed to ambient temperature. Solvent (7 L) was distilled from the mixture at atmospheric pressure. DMF (7 L) was added to the mixture. The mixture was cooled to ambient temperature. Methyl iodide (152 mL; 2.45 moles) was added and the mixture was held until the reaction was completed (~1 hour). The mixture was heated to 7O0C and solvent was distilled by gradually reducing the pressure to 70 mmHg. Once distillation had ceased, the mixture was cooled to room
temperature. Water (6.5 L) was slowly added to the mixture to precipitate the product. The mixture was filtered and the solid washed with water (3 X). The solid was dried on the filter. The crude product (736 g; 74 area %) was obtained as a beige solid. The product was purified by chromatography. 463 g of product was recovered from the chromatography. This material was separated from n-heptane (6130 mL). 394 g of the title compound was recovered. Another 70 g of title compound was recovered from the mother liquor by chromatography. 1H NMR (DMSO) δ ppm: 1.74 (m, 2H), 2.10 (m, 2H)1 2.33 (dd, 1 H), 2.45 (m, 1 H), 2.72 (d, 1 H), 2.79 (m, 1 H), 2.94 (dd, 1 H), 3.40 (d, 1 H), 3.87 (m, 7H), 5.49 (m, 1 H), 6.47 (m, 2H), 6.93 (m, 2H), 7.01 (m, 1 H), 7.42 (d, 1 H), 7.64 (d, 1 H), 7.79 (dd, 1 H).
Preparation 4: (4βS,8α/?)-methyl 4β-benzyl-7,7-(1,2-ethylenedioxy)-4β,5,6,7,8,8α,9,10-octahydrophenanthrene-2-carboxylate
The (S)-methyl 4β-benzyl-7,7-(1 ,2-ethylenedioxy)-4β,5,6,7,8,10-hexahydrophenanthrene-2-carboxylate (201 g; 0.515 moles, which may be prepared as described in Preparation 3) and 50 ml of ethylene glycol was dissolved in toluene (2.0 L) in an autoclave. To this was added 10 grams of a 5% Pd/C (dry catalyst). The autoclave was then sealed and purged with nitrogen (three cycles) followed by hydrogen (three cycles). The reaction was run for 18 hours with a pressure of 80 psig and temperature of 50 0C. HPLC analysis for completion and selectivity (typical selectivity’s are: 95 to 5, Trans to Cis). The suspension was filtered through Celite® to remove the catalyst and the toluene solution is concentrated at 50 0C, under vacuum, to
approximately 200 ml. While still at 50 0C, 1 L of 1-butanol was added and the solution heated to 60 0C, until clear. Upon cooling, the resulting solid title compound was isolated by vacuum filtration (196 grams; 97%; Trans to Cis 95.75 to 4.24). 1H NMR (300 MHz, CDCI3) δ ppm: 7.79 (bs, 1 H1 Ar-H), 7.47 (d, J= 9 Hz, 1 H, Ar-H), 7.13-7.05 (cm, 3H, Ar-H), 6.56-6.53 (cm, 2H, Ar-H), 6.43 (d, J= 9 Hz, 1 H, Ar-H), 4.04-3.93 (cm, 4H, 2-CH2), 3.89 (s, 3H, CH3),3.08-3.03 (cm, 3H, CH2, CH-H), 2.63 (d, J= 15 Hz, CH-H), 2.22-1.72 (cm, 8H, 4-CH2), 1.57 (cm, 1 H, CH-H).; 13CNMR (CDCI3, δ): 167.7, 149.2, 137.7, 136.4, 131.1 , 130.5, 127.8, 127.7, 127.4, 126.3, 125.5, 108.9, 64.6, 64.5, 52.1 , 40.5, 39.8, 38.3, 35.8, 31.6, 30.3, 27.9, 24.6.
Preparation 5: (4βS,8α/?)-methyl 4β-benzyl-7-oxo-4β,5,6,7,8,8α,9,10-octahydrophenanthrene-2-carboxylate
ThΘ (4βS,8αR)-mΘthyl 4β-benzyl-7,7-(1 ,2-ethylenΘdioxy)-4β,5,6,7,8,8α,9,10-octahydrophenanthrene-2-carboxylate (150 g, 382 mmol, which may be prepared as described in Preparation 4) was dissolved in dichloromethane (630 ml). Water (270 ml) was added with stirring followed by trifluoroacetic acid (73 ml. 1150 mmol) via drop funnel over 30 minutes, maintaining the internal temperature below 3O0C. After the addition was complete, the reaction was heated at 4O0C for 2 hours. In process check indicated incomplete reaction with around 9% (area percent) starting material. The layers were separated and fresh water (270 ml) and trifluoroacetic acid (31 ml) was added. The reaction mixture was heated at 4O0C for 1 hour. This process was continued until the starting material was consumed. The organic phase was washed with 5% aqueous sodium bicarbonate (300 ml), water (300 ml) and dried over MgSO4 and concentrated to dryness to give 126.4 g of the title compound (representing a 95% yield). 1H NMR (DMSO) δ ppm: 7.70 (s, 1 H), 7.37 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1 H), 7.11 (m, 3H), 6.6 (d, J= 5.70 Hz, 2H), 6.45 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 3.80 (s, 3H), 3.80 (m, 2H), 3.04-1.48 (m, 11 H).
Preparation 6: (4βS,7f?,8α/?)-methyl 4β-benzyl-7-hydroxy-7-(trifluoromethyl)-4β,5J6,7,8,8α,9,10-octahydrophenanthrene-2-carboxylate
The (4βS,8αf?)-methyl 4β-benzyl-7-oxo-4β,5,6,7,8I8α,9,10-octahydrophenanthrene-2-carboxylate (118g, 0.339 mole, which may be prepared as described in Preparation 5) dissolved in dichloromethane was chilled to -5O0C. The solution became turbid. 1.0 M Tetrabutylammonium fluoride a solution in THF (3.4 ml, 0.003 mol) was added with no appreciable temperature change. Trifluorotrimethylsilane (79 ml, 0.51 mol) was added over 20 minutes with a color change to bright orange to light red in color. The reaction mixture was held at -50 0C for about 2 hours and then allowed to warm to 0 0C.
Tetrabutylammonium fluoride (340 ml, 0.34 moles) was added very slowly at 0 0C, to the reaction mixture over 45 minutes. An exotherm was observed with gas evolution. The reaction mixture was stirred 10 minutes and HPLC analysis indicated complete desilylialation. Water (1 L) was added to the reaction mixture and with vigorous stirring and allowed to warm to room temperature. The organic layer was washed with water (1 L). The organic layer was concentrated and chromatographed to produce 72 g, 51 % of the title compound, with an additional 32 g of impure product. 1H NMR (DMSO) δ ppm: 7.70 (s, 1 H), 7.37 (d, J=8.1 Hz, 1 H)1 7.09 (m, 3H), 6.5 (dd, J=1.2, 6.6 Hz, 2H), 6.38 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1 H), 3.80 (s, 3H), 3.80 (m, 2H), 3.09-1.21 (m, 13H).
Preparation 7: (4βS,7/?,8α/?)-methyl 4β-benzyl-7-(bis(benzyloxy)phosphoryloxy)-7-(trifluoromethyl)-4β,5,6,7,8,8α,9,10-octahydrophenanthrene-2-carboxylate
The (4βS,7R,8αf?)-methyl 4β-benzyl-7-hydroxy-7-(trifluoromethyl)-4β)5,6,7)8,8α,9,10-octahydrophenanthrene-2-carboxylate (5.0 g; 11.9 mmol, which may be prepared as in Preparation 6) and 5-methyltetrazole (3.6 g; 43.0 mmol) were mixed together in dichloromethane (50 mL) at ambient temperature. Dibenzylphosphoramidite (8.3 mL; 25.1 mmol) was added and the mixture was stirred until the reaction was completed (1 hour). The mixture was chilled to 00C and 30% hydrogen peroxide (10 mL) was added. The reaction was stirred until the oxidation was completed (30 minutes). The aqueous phase was separated from the organic phase. The organic phase was washed with 10% sodium meta-bisulfite (50 ml_). The organic phase was dried with anhydrous magnesium sulfate and concentrated. The crude product was purified by silica gel chromatography with 15% ethyl acetate in hexanes. The purified title compound (8.41 g; 94% yield) was obtained as a colorless oil that contained 6% ethyl acetate by weight. 1H NMR (DMSO): δ 1.31 (t, 1 H), 1.63-1.92 (m, 3H), 2.05-2.35 (m, 3H), 2.63 (d, 1 H), 2.75-3.16 (m, 4H), 3.80 (s, 3H), 5.13 (m, 4H), 6.43 (d, 1 H), 6.49 (m, 2H), 7.04-7.17 (m, 3H), 7.33-7.42 (m, 12H), 7.71 (d, 1 H).
Preparation 8: dibenzyl (2f?,4αS,10αR)-4α-benzyl-7-((2-methylpyridin-3-o yl)carbamoyl)-2-(trifluoromethyl)-1 ,2,3,4,4α,9,10,10α-octahydrophenanthren-2-yI phosphate
The (4βS,7R,8αf?)-methyl 4β-benzyl-7-(bis(benzyloxy)phosphoryloxy)-7- (trifluoromethyl)-4β,5,6,7,8,8α,9,10-octahydrophenanthrene-2-carboxylate (7.9 g; 11.6 5 mmol, which may be prepared as in Preparation 7) and 3-amino-2-picoline (1.3 g; 12.2 mmol) were mixed together in tetrahydrofuran (80 ml_) and chilled to 0°C. The 1 M solution of lithium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide in tetrahydrofuran (24 ml_; 24.4 mmol) was added while maintaining the temperature below 100C. The mixture was stirred for 30 minutes. Water (50 mL) was added to the reaction mixture. The mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic extract was washed with water. The organic phase was dried with anhydrous magnesium sulfate and concentrated. The crude product was purified by silica gel chromatography with 70% ethyl acetate in hexanes. The purified title compound (6.79 g; 68% yield) was obtained as a yellow gum that contained 6% ethyl acetate by weight. 1H NMR (DMSO): δ 1.33 (t, 1 H), 1.66-1.93 (m, 3H), 2.08-2.34 (m, 3H), 2.41 (s, 3H), 2.68 (d, 1 H), 2.76-3.19 (m, 4H), 5.14 (m, 4H), 6.47 (d, 1 H), 6.56 (m, 2H), 7.07-7.19 (m, 3H), 7.20-7.53 (m, 12H), 7.71 (d, 1 H), 7.76 (s, 1 H), 8.32 (d, 1 H), 9.93 (s, 1 H).
Example 1 : (4βS,7/?,8αR)-4β-benzyl-7-hydroxy-W-(2-methylpyridin-3-yl)-7-(trifluoromethyl)-4β,5,6,7,8,8α,9,10-octahydrophenanthrene-2-carboxamide
The (4βS,7ft,8αR)-methyl 4β-benzyl-7-hydroxy-7-(trifluoromethyl)-4β,5,6,7,8,8α,9,10-octahydrophenanthrene-2-carboxylate (10 g; 23.9 mmol, which may be prepared as described in Preparation 6), and 3-amino-2-picoline (2.71 g; 25.1 mmol) were dissolved in toluene (200 ml_). The 1 M lithium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide in tetrahydrofuran (74.1 mL; 74.1 mmol) was added at a rate such that the temperature was maintained below 350C. There was a mild exotherm and a solid precipitated during the addition. The mixture was held an additional 30 minutes after the addition. Water (250 mL) was added to the mixture. There was a mild exotherm and the solid dissolved. Ethyl acetate (50 mL) was added to the mixture to ensure the product did not precipitate. Stirring was stopped to allow the phases to separate. The aqueous phase was removed. The organic phase was washed with water (250 mL). Solvent (230 mL) was distilled at atmospheric pressure from the organic phase. The mixture was cooled to ambient temperature. The mixture was filtered and the solid was washed with toluene (2 times) followed by heptane (2 times). The solid was dried in a vacuum oven at 700C. The title compound of the present example (10 g) was obtained as a beige solid. 1H NMR (DMSO) δ ppm: 1.32 (m, 1 H), 1.82 (m, 4H), 2.10 (m, 4H), 2.41 (s, 3H), 2.68 (d, 1 H), 3.08 (m, 3H), 6.00 (s, 1H), 6.43 (d, 1 H), 6.59 (m, 2H), 7.12 (m, 3H), 7.25 (dd, 1H), 7.44 (dd, 1H), 7.71 (dd, 1 H), 7.75 (d, 1 H), 8.31 (dd, 1 H), 9.91 (s, 1 H).
Example 2: (2f?,4αS,10αR)-4α-benzyl-7-((2-methylpyridin-3-yl)carbamoyl)-2-(trifluoromethyl)-i ,2,3,4,4α,9,10,1 Oα-octahydrophenanthren-2-yl dihydrogen phosphate
The dibenzyl (2R,4αS, 10αR)-4α-bθnzyl-7-((2-methylpyridin-3-yl)carbamoyl)-2-(trifluoromethyl)-1 ,2,3,4,4a,9,10,10a-octahydrophenanthren-2-yl phosphate (6 g; 7.9 mmol, which may be prepared as described in Preparation 8) was dissolved in methanol (120 ml_). 5% palladium on carbon (63% water) (1.3 g; 0.4 mmol) was added to the mixture. The mixture was treated with hydrogen (50 psi) at room temperature. The reaction stalled with 12% of the monobenzylic intermediate remaining. The mixture was filtered through a pad of Celite®. Fresh catalyst (1.3 g) was added to the solution and resubmitted to the hydrogenation conditions. Once the reaction was completed, the mixture was filtered through a pad of Celite®. The solution was concentrated to about 60 ml_ by distillation and not by using a rotary evaporator. During the distillation a white solid precipitated. The mixture was cooled to ambient temperature. The mixture was filtered and the solid washed with methanol. The solid was dried in a vacuum oven at 700C. The compound of the present example (3.36 g; 75% yield) was obtained as a white solid and had an LC purity of 98 area %. 1H NMR (DMSO): δ 1.33 (t, 1 H)1 1.69-1.98 (m, 3H), 2.07-2.29 (m, 3H)1 2.42 (s, 3H), 2.61-2.80 (m, 2H)1 2.93-3.19 (m, 3H)1 3.30 (d, 1 H), 6.50 (d, 1 H), 6.64 (m, 2H), 7.08-7.20 (m, 3H), 7.29 (dd, 1 H), 7.48 (dd, 1 H), 7.75 (dd, 2H), 8.33 (dd, 1 H), 9.96 (s, 1 H).
PATENT
WO 2008093236
http://www.google.co.in/patents/WO2008093236A1?cl=en
Example 1 : (4βS,7/?,8α/?)-4β-benzyl-7-hydroxy-N-(2-methylpyridin-3-yl)-7- (trifluoromethyl)-4β,5,6,7,8,8α,9,10-octahydrophenanthrene-2-carboxamide
The (4βS,7R,8α/?)-methyl 4β-benzyl-7-hydroxy-7-(trifluoromethyl)-4β,5,6J7,8,δα,9, 10- octahydrophenanthrene-2-carboxylate (10 g; 23.9 mmol, which may be prepared as described in Preparation 6), and 3-amino-2-picoline (2.71 g; 25.1 mmol) were dissolved in toluene (200 ml_). The 1 M lithium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide in tetrahydrofuran (74.1 ml_; 74.1 mmol) was added at a rate such that the temperature was maintained below 350C. There was a mild exotherm and a solid precipitated during the addition. The mixture was held an additional 30 minutes after the addition. Water (250 ml_) was added to the mixture. There was a mild exotherm and the solid dissolved. Ethyl acetate (50 ml_) was added to the mixture to ensure the product did not precipitate. Stirring was stopped to allow the phases to separate. The aqueous phase was removed. The organic phase was washed with water (250 ml_). Solvent (230 ml_) was distilled at atmospheric pressure from the organic phase. The mixture was cooled to ambient temperature. The mixture was filtered and the solid was washed with toluene (2 times) followed by heptane (2 times). The solid was dried in a vacuum oven at 700C. The title compound of the present example (10 g) was obtained as a beige solid. 1H NMR (DMSO) δ ppm: 1.32 (m, 1H), 1.82 (m, 4H), 2.10 (m, 4H), 2.41 (s, 3H), 2.68 (d, 1 H), 3.08 (m, 3H), 6.00 (s, 1 H), 6.43 (d, 1 H), 6.59 (m, 2H), 7.12 (m, 3H), 7.25 (dd, 1 H), 7.44 (dd, 1 H), 7.71 (dd, 1 H), 7.75 (d, 1 H), 8.31 (dd, 1 H), 9.91 (s, 1 H).
Example 2: (2f?,4αS,10α/?)-4α-benzyl-7-((2-methylpyridin-3-yl)carbamoyl)-2- (trifluoromethyl)-1,2,3,4,4α,9,10,10α-octahydrophenanthren-2-yl dihydrogen phosphate
The dibenzyl (2R,4αS,10αR)-4α-benzyl-7-((2-methylpyridin-3-yl)carbamoyl)-2- (trifluoromethyl)-1 ,2,3,4,4a,9,10,10a-octahydrophenanthren-2-yl phosphate (6 g; 7.9 mmol, which may be prepared as described in Preparation 8) was dissolved in methanol (120 ml_). 5% palladium on carbon (63% water) (1.3 g; 0.4 mmol) was added to the mixture. The mixture was treated with hydrogen (50 psi) at room temperature. The reaction stalled with 12% of the monobenzylic intermediate remaining. The mixture was filtered through a pad of Celite®. Fresh catalyst (1.3 g) was added to the solution and resubmitted to the hydrogenation conditions. Once the reaction was completed, the mixture was filtered through a pad of Celite®. The solution was concentrated to about 60 ml_ by distillation and not by using a rotary evaporator. During the distillation a white solid precipitated. The mixture was cooled to ambient temperature. The mixture was filtered and the solid washed with methanol. The solid was dried in a vacuum oven at 7O0C. The compound of the present example (3.36 g; 75% yield) was obtained as a white solid and had an LC purity of 98 area %. 1H NMR (DMSO): δ 1 .33 (t, 1 H), 1 .69- 1.98 (m, 3H), 2.07-2.29 (m, 3H), 2.42 (s, 3H), 2.61 -2.80 (m, 2H), 2.93-3.19 (m, 3H), 3.30 (d, 1 H), 6.50 (d, 1 H), 6.64 (m, 2H), 7.08-7.20 (m, 3H), 7.29 (dd, 1 H), 7.48 (dd, 1 H), 7.75 (dd, 2H), 8.33 (dd, 1 H), 9.96 (s, 1 H).
REFERENCES
https://www.pfizer.com/sites/default/files/product-pipeline/July%2028%202015%20Pipeline%20Update.pdf
https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00938587
////////
Cc1c(cccn1)NC(=O)c2ccc3c(c2)CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@](C4)(C(F)(F)F)OP(=O)(O)O)Cc5ccccc5
O=P(O)(O[C@@]1(C(F)(F)F)C[C@@]2([H])CCC3=C(C=CC(C(NC4=CC=CN=C4C)=O)=C3)[C@]2(CC5=CC=CC=C5)CC1)O
Cipla, New Patent, WO 2016020664, Everolimus
Cipla, New Patent, WO 2016020664, Everolimus
CIPLA LIMITED [IN/IN]; Peninsula Business Park Ganpatrao Kadam Marg Lower Parel Mumbai 400 013 (IN).
KING, Lawrence [GB/GB]; (GB) (MW only)
RAO, Dharmaraj Ramachandra; (IN).
MALHOTRA, Geena; (IN).
PULLELA, Venkata Srinivas; (IN).
ACHARYA, Vinod Parameshwaran; (IN)
WO2016020664, PROCESS FOR THE SYNTHESIS OF EVEROLIMUS AND INTERMEDIATES THEREOF
Everolimus (RAD-001) is the 40-O- 2-hydroxyethyl)-rapamycin of formula (I),
It is a derivative of sirolimus of formula III),
and works similarly to sirolimus as an inhibitor of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR). Everolimus is currently used as an immunosuppressant to prevent rejection of organ transplants and treatment of renal cell cancer and other tumours. It is marketed by Novartis under the tradenames Zortress™ (USA) and Certican™ (Europe and other countries) in transplantation medicine, and Afinitor™ in oncology.
Trisubstituted silyloxyethyltrifluoromethane sulfonates (triflates) of the general formula (IV), 
wherein R2, R3 are independently a straight or branched alkyl group, for example C^-Cw alkyl, and/or an aryl group, for example a phenyl group, are important intermediates useful in the synthesis of everolimus.
Everolimus and its process for manufacture using the intermediate 2-(t-butyldimethyl silyl) oxyethyl triflate of formula (IVA),
was first described in US Patent Number 5,665,772. The overall reaction is depicted in Scheme I.
Scheme
Everolimus (I)
For the synthesis, firstly sirolimus of formula (III) and 2-(t-butyldimethylsilyl)oxyethyl triflate of formula (IVA) are reacted in the presence of 2,6-Lutidine in toluene at around 60°C to obtain the corresponding 40-O-[2-(t-butyldimethylsilyl)oxy]ethyl rapamycin of formula (I la), which is then deprotected in aqueous hydrochloric acid and converted into crude everolimus [40-O-(2-Hydroxy)ethyl rapamycin] of formula (I).
However, this process results in the formation of impure everolimus, which requires purification by column chromatography. The process results in very poor overall yield and purity and thereby the process is not suitable for the commercial scale production of everolimus.
Moenius et al. (I. Labelled Cpd. Radiopharm. 43, 1 13-120 (2000) have disclosed a process to prepare C-14 labelled everolimus using the diphenyltert-butylsilyloxy-protective group of formula (IV B),
as the alkylation agent. The overall yield reported was 25%.
International patent application, publication number WO 2012/103960 discloses the preparation of everolimus using the alkylating agent 2-((2,3-dimethylbut-2-yl)dimethylsilyloxy)ethyl triflate of formula (IVC),
wherein the overall yield reported is 52.54%. The process involves a derivatization method based on the reaction of the triflate (IV) with a derivatization agent, which preferably is a secondary aromatic amine, typically N-methylaniline.
International patent application, publication number WO 2012/103959 also discloses the preparation of everolimus using the alkylating agent of formula (IVC). The process is based on a reaction of rapamycin with the compound of formula (IVC) in the presence of a base (such as an aliphatic tertiary amine) to form 40-O-2-(t-hexyldimethylsiloxy)ethylrapamycin, which is subsequently deprotected under acidic conditions to obtain everolimus.
European Patent Number 1518517B discloses a process for the preparation of everolimus which employs the triflate compound of formula (IVA), 2-(t-butyldimethyl silyl) oxyethyl triflate. The disclosed process for preparing the compound of formula (IVA) involves a flash chromatography purification step.
The compounds of formula (IV) are key intermediates in the synthesis of everolimus. However, they are highly reactive and also very unstable, and their use often results in decomposition during reaction with sirolimus. This is reflected by the fact that the yields of the reaction with sirolimus are very low and the compounds of formula (IV) are charged in high molar extent. Thus it is desirable to develop a process to stabilize compounds of formula (IV) without loss of reactivity.
Example 1 :
Step 1 : Preparation of protected everolimus (TBS-everoismus) of formula (Ma) using metal salt, wherein “Pg” is t-butyldimethylsilyl
t-butyldimethylsilyloxy ethanol, of formula (VA) (2.8g, 0.016mol) was dissolved in dichloromethane (DCM) (3 vol) and to this 2,6-Lutidine (3.50 g, 0.0327 mol) was added and the mixture was cooled to -40°C. Thereafter, trifluoromethane sulfonic anhydride (3.59ml, 0.021 mol) was added drop-wise. The mixture was maintained at -40°C for 30 minutes. Sirolimus (0.5g, 0.00054mol) was taken in another flask and dissolved in DCM (1 ml). To this sirolimus solution, silver acetate (0.018g, 0.000109mol) was added and cooled to -40°C. The earlier cooled triflate solution was transferred in 3 lots to the sirolimus solution maintaining temperature at -40°C. The reaction mixture was stirred at -40°C further for 15min before which it was slowly warmed to 0°C and further to RT. The reaction mixture was then warmed to 40°C and maintained at this temperature for 3 hours. The reaction was monitored by TLC. On completion of reaction, the reaction mixture was diluted with DCM and washed with water and brine. The organic layer was dried over anhydrous sodium sulphate and solvent was removed by vacuum distillation to obtain the title compound, which was directly used in the next step. HPLC product purity: 60%-85%.
Step 2: Preparation of everolimus of formula (I)
Protected everolimus of formula (I la) obtained in step 1 was dissolved in methanol (10 volumes) and chilled to 0-5° C. To this solution was added drop wise, a solution of 1 N HCI. The pH of the reaction was maintained between 1-3. The temperature of the reaction mixture was raised to 25° C and stirred for 1 hour. After completion of reaction, the reaction mixture was diluted with water (15 volumes) and extracted in ethyl acetate (2X20 volumes). The organic layers were combined and washed with brine, dried over sodium sulphate. The organic layer was distilled off under reduced pressure at 30-35° C, to obtain a crude everolimus (0.8 g). The crude everolimus was further purified by preparative HPLC to yield everolimus of purity >99%.
Example 2:
Step 1 : Preparation of TBS-everoiimus of formula (Ma) without using metal salt, wherein “Pg” is t-butyldimethylsilyl
t-butyldimethylsilyloxy ethanol, of formula (VA) (2.8g, 0.016mol) was dissolved in DCM (3 vol) and to this 2,6-Lutidine (3.50 g, 0.0327 mol) was added and the mixture was cooled to -40°C. Thereafter, trifluoromethane sulfonic anhydride (3.59ml, 0.021 mol) was added drop-wise. The mixture was maintained at -40°C for 30 minutes. Sirolimus (0.5g, 0.00054mol) was taken in another flask and dissolved in DCM (1 ml). The solution was cooled to -40°C. The earlier cooled triflate solution was transferred in 3 lots to the sirolimus solution maintaining temperature at -40°C. The reaction mixture was stirred at -40°C further for 15min before which it was slowly warmed to 0°C and further to RT. The reaction mixture was then warmed to 40°C and maintained at this temperature for 3 hours. On completion of reaction, the reaction mixture was diluted with DCM and washed with water and brine. The organic layer was dried over anhydrous sodium sulphate and
solvent was removed by vacuum distillation to obtain the title compound, which was directly used in next step. HPLC purity: 10%-20%.
Step 2: Preparation of everolimus of formula (I)
Protected everolimus of formula (I la) obtained in step 1 was dissolved in methanol (10 volumes) and chilled to 0-5° C. To this solution was added drop wise, a solution of 1 N HCI. The pH of the reaction was maintained between 1-3. The temperature of the reaction mixture was raised to 25° C and stirred for 1 hour. After completion of reaction, the reaction mixture was diluted with water (15 volumes) and extracted in ethyl acetate (2X20 volumes). The organic layers were combined and washed with brine, dried over sodium sulphate. The organic layer was distilled off under reduced pressure at 30-35° C, to obtain a crude everolimus which was further purified by preparative HPLC.
Example 3:
Preparation of crude Everolimus
Step 1 : Preparation of TBS-ethylene glycol of formula (Va)
Ethylene glycol (1.5L, 26.58 mol) and TBDMS-CI (485g, 3.21 mol) were mixed together with stirring and cooled to 0°C. Triethyl amine (679 ml, 4.83 mol) was then added at 0°C in 30-45 minutes. After addition, the reaction was stirred for 12 hours at 25-30°C for the desired conversion. After completion of reaction, the layers were separated and the organic layer (containing TBS-ethylene glycol) was washed with water (1 L.x2) and brine solution (1 L). The organic layer was then subjected to high vacuum distillation to afford 350g of pure product.
Step 2: Preparation of TBS-glycol-Triflate of formula (IVa)
The reaction was carried out under a nitrogen atmosphere. TBS- ethylene glycol prepared as per step 1 (85.10g, 0.48 mol) and 2, 6-Lutidine (84.28ml, 0.72 mol) were stirred in n-heptane (425ml) to give a clear solution which was then cooled to -15 to – 25°C. Trif!uoromethanesulfonic anhydride (Tf20) (99.74 ml, 0.590 mol) was added drop-wise over a period of 45 minutes to the n-heptane
solution (white precipitate starts to form immediately) while maintaining the reaction at -15 to -25°C. The reaction mixture was kept at temperature between -15 to -25°C for 2 hours. The precipitate generated was filtered off. The filtrate was then evaporated up to ~2 volumes with respect to TBS-ethyiene glycol (~200 ml).
Step 3: Preparation of TBS-evero!imus of formula (Ha)
30g of sirolimus (0,0328 mo!) and toluene (150m!) were stirred together and the temperature was slowly raised to 60-65°C. At this temperature, a first portion of TBS-g!yco!-triflate prepared as per step 2 (100ml) and 2,6-Lutidine (1 1.45ml, 0.086 moles) were added and stirred for 40 min. Further, a second portion of TBS- glycol-triflate (50mi) and 2, 6-Lutidine (19.45ml, 0.138 mol) were added and the reaction was stirred for another 40 min. This was followed by a third portion of TBS- glycol-triflate (50m!) and 2, 6-Lutidine (19.45ml, 0.138 mol), after which the reaction was stirred for further 90 minutes. The reaction was monitored through HPLC to check the conversion of Sirolimus to TBS-everolimus after each addition of TBS-glycol-trifiate. After completion of the reaction, the reaction mixture was diluted with n-heptane (150mi), cooled to room temperature and stirred for another 60 minutes. The precipitated solids were filtered off and the filtrate was washed with deionized water (450 ml x4) followed by brine solution (450ml). The filtrate was subsequently distilled off to afford TBS-everolimus (60-65g) with 60-70% conversion from sirolimus.
Step 4: Preparation of everolimus of formula (I)
TBS-everolimus (65g) obtained in step 3 was dissolved in 300 mi methanol and cooled to 0°C. 1 N HCI was then added to the methanol solution (pH adjusted to 2-3) and stirred for 2 h. After completion of reaction, toluene (360m!) and deionized wafer (360mi) were added to the reaction mixture and the aqueous layer was separated. The organic layer was washed with brine solution (360ml). The organic layer was concentrated to obtain crude everolimus (39g) with an assay content of 30-35%, HPLC purity of 60-65%.
The crude everolimus purified by chromatography to achieve purity more than 99 %.
////Cipla, New Patent, WO 2016020664, Everolimus, INDIA
Zydus Cadila, New Patent,US 20160039759, PERAMPANEL
PERAMPANEL
Zydus Cadila, New Patent,US 20160039759, PERAMPANEL
(US20160039759) PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF PERAMPANEL
CADILA HEALTHCARE LIMITED
Sanjay Jagdish DESAI
Jayprakash Ajitsingh Parihar
Kuldeep Natwarlal Jain
Sachin Ashokrao Patil
Perampanel, a non-competitive AMPA receptor antagonist, is the active ingredient of FYCOMPA® tablets (U.S) which is approved as an adjunctive therapy for the treatment of partial on-set seizures with or without secondarily generalized seizures in patients with aged 12 years and older. Chemically, Perampanel is 5′-(2-cyanophenyl)-1′-phenyl-2,3′-bipyridinyl-6′(1′H)-one, with an empirical formula C23H15N30 and molecular weight 349.384 g/mol which is represented by Formula (I).
U.S. Pat. No. 6,949,571 B2 discloses perampanel and its various processes for preparation thereof.
U.S. Pat. No. 7,759,367 B2 discloses the pharmaceutical composition of perampanel and an immunoregulatory agent and their uses.
U.S. Pat. No. 8,304,548 B2 discloses the reaction of 5′-bromo-1′-phenyl-[2,3′-bipyridin]-6′(1′H)-one with 2-(1,3,2-dioxaborinan-yl)benzonitrile in the presence of palladium compound, a copper compound, a phosphorus compound and a base to form perampanel of Formula (I). Also discloses the crystalline hydrate, anhydrous crystal Form I, anhydrous crystal Form III, & anhydrous crystal Form V of perampanel of Formula (I).
U.S. Pat. No. 7,803,818 B2 discloses an amorphous form of perampanel. U.S. Pat. No. 7,718,807 B2 discloses salts of perampanel. International (PCT) publication No. WO 2013/102897 A1 discloses anhydrous crystalline Form III, V & VII of perampanel.
U.S. PG-Pub. No. 2013/109862 A1 discloses the method for preparing 2-alkoxy-5-(pyridin-2-yl)pyridine, which is an intermediate for preparing perampanel key starting material 5-(2′-pyridyl)-2-pyridone.
U.S. Pat. No. 7,524,967 B2 discloses the preparation of 5-(2′-pyridyl)-2-pyridone, an intermediate in the preparation perampanel.
International (PCT) publication No. WO 2014/023576 A1 discloses the preparation of cyanophenyl boronic acid, an intermediate in the preparation perampanel.
The prior-art processes suffer with problems of poor yield and requirement of chromatographic purification or series of crystallizations which further reduces the overall yield of the final product, which is overcome by the process of the present invention.
Pankaj Patel, chairman, Zydus Cadila
EXAMPLES
The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples which is provided merely to be exemplary of the invention and do not limit the scope of the invention. Certain modification and equivalents will be apparent to those skilled in the art and are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Example-A: Preparation of 5-(2-pyridyl)-1,2-dihydropyridin-2-one In a 500 mL round bottom flask, equipped with a mechanical stirrer, thermometer and an addition funnel, a solution of 188.80 g 5-bromo-2-methoxypyridine in 190 mL tetrahydrofuran and 12.92 g pyridine-2-yl boronic acid were added and refluxed. The reaction mixture was cooled to 25-30° C. and aqueous solution of hydrochloric acid was added and stirred for 1 hour. The reaction mixture was neutralized with aqueous sodium hydroxide and extracted with tetrahydrofuran.
The organic layer was washed with saline water, dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, and then evaporated to obtain the titled compound.
Example-1
Preparation of 3-bromo-5-(2-pyridyl)-1,2-dihydropyridin-2-one
In a 2 L round bottom flask, equipped with a mechanical stirrer, thermometer and an addition funnel, 201.5 g 5-(2-pyridyl)-1,2-dihydropyridin-2-one, 208.3 g N-bromosuccinimide and 1300 mL N,N-dimethylforamide were stirred at 25-30° C. for 2-3 hours. After completion of the reaction, the reaction mixture was poured into water and stirred for 30 min. The precipitate was filtered, washed with N,N-dimethylforamide and dried at 50° C. to obtain 230 g title compound.
Example-2
Preparation of 3-bromo-5-2-pyridyl)-1-phenyl-1,2-dihydropyridine-2-one
In a 500 mL round bottom flask, equipped with a mechanical stirrer, thermometer and an addition funnel, a solution of 18.75 g 3-bromo-5-(2-pyridyl)-1,2-dihydropyridin-2-one in 300 mL methylene dichloride, 18.36 g 1-phenyl boronic acid, 3.47 g palladium triphenylphosphine and 10 mL triethyl amine were added and the reaction mixture was stirred for 1 hour at 25-35° C. The reaction mixture was filtered and the filtrate was evaporated to dryness. The residue was crystallised from ethyl acetate to obtain the title compound.
Example-3
Preparation of Perampanel
In a 1 L round bottom flask, equipped with a mechanical stirrer, thermometer and an addition funnel, a suspension of 188 g 3-bromo-5-(2-pyridyl)-1-phenyl-1,2-dihydropyridine-2-one, 161.2 g 2-(1,3,2-dioxaborinan-2-yl)benzonitrile, 3.0 g tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)-palladium(0), 10 mL triethylamine (10 mL) in 300 mL methylene dichloride were stirred at 25-30° C. for 12 hours. To the reaction mixture was added 5 mL conc. aqueous ammonia, 10 mL water and 40 mL ethyl acetate. The separated organic layer was washed with water and saturated saline solution and dried over magnesium sulfate. The solvent was removed under vacuum. Ethyl acetate was added to the residue and heated obtain clear solution. n-hexane was added to this solution and cooled to 25-30° C. The obtained solid was filtered and washed with ethyl acetate and dried to obtain perampanel.
Example-4
Preparation of 3-Bromo-5-(2-pyridyl)-1,2-dihydropyridin-2-one
In a 2 L round bottom flask, equipped with a mechanical stirrer, thermometer and an addition funnel, 100 g 5-(2-pyridyl)-1,2-dihydropyridin-2-one, 108.5 g N-bromosuccinimide and 500 mL N,N-dimethylforamide were stirred at 30-35° C. for 3 hours. 100 mL water was added to the reaction mixture at 5-15° C. and stirred at 30-35° C. for 1 hour. The solid obtained was filtered, washed with water and dried to obtain 129 g 3-bromo-5-(2-pyridyl)-1,2-dihydropyridin-2-one.
Example-5
Preparation of 3-bromo-5-(2-pyridyl)-1-phenyl-1,2-dihydropyridine-2-one
In a 2 L round bottom flask, equipped with a mechanical stirrer, thermometer and an addition funnel, 100 g 3-bromo-5-(2-pyridyl)-1,2-dihydropyridin-2-one, 72.8 g phenylboronic acid and 500 mL N,N-dimethylformamide were added at 30-35° C. and stirred. 11.9 g copper acetate and 15.7 g pyridine were added and air was purged into the reaction mixture and stirred for 16 hours at 30-35° C. After the completion of the reaction, the reaction mixture was poured into 1200 mL aqueous ammonia at 10-15° C. and stirred for 2 hours at 30-35° C. The obtained solid was filtered, washed with water and dried to obtain 120 g 3-bromo-5-(2-pyridyl)-1-phenyl-1,2-dihydropyridine-2-one.
Example-6
Purification of 3-bromo-5-(2-pyridyl)-1-phenyl-1,2-dihydropyridine-2-one
In a 1 L round bottom flask, equipped with a mechanical stirrer, thermometer and an addition funnel, 100 g 3-bromo-5-(2-pyridyl)-1-phenyl-1,2-dihydropyridine-2-one and 500 mL isopropyl alcohol were stirred at 60-65° C. for 30 min. The reaction mixture was cooled to 20-25° C. and stirred for 30 min. The reaction mixture was filtered, washed with isopropanol and dried to obtain 96 g pure 3-bromo-5-(2-pyridyl)-1-phenyl-1,2-dihydropyridine-2-one.
Example-7
Preparation of Perampanel
In a 1 L round bottom flask, equipped with a mechanical stirrer, thermometer and an addition funnel, 100 g 3-bromo-5-(2-pyridyl)-1-phenyl-1,2-dihydropyridine-2-one and 125 g 2-(1,3,2-dioxaborinan-2-yl)benzonitrile and 1500 mL N,N-dimethylformamide were added under inert atmosphere. 44 g potassium carbonate and 4.2 g palladium tetrakis were added and stirred at 115-125° C. for 3 hours. The solvent was removed under vacuum. Ethyl acetate was added to the residue and the organic layer was distilled off to obtain perampanel (78 g).
////////Zydus Cadila, New Patent,US 20160039759, PERAMPANEL
Benfotiamine, бенфотиамин , بينفوتيامين , 苯磷硫胺 , ベンフォチアミン
Benfotiamine
S-[(Z)-2-[(4-amino-2-methylpyrimidin-5-yl)methyl-formylamino]-5-phosphonooxypent-2-en-3-yl] benzenecarbothioate
Benphothiamine; Betivina; Biotamin; Neurostop; Nitanevril; cas 22457-89-2
C19H23N4O6PS MF
466.447882 g/mol MW
- Benzenecarbothioic acid, S-[2-[[(4-amino-2-methyl-5-pyrimidinyl)methyl]formylamino]-1-[2-(phosphonooxy)ethyl]-1-propenyl] ester (9CI)
- Benzoic acid, thio-, S-ester with N-[(4-amino-2-methyl-5-pyrimidinyl)methyl]-N-(4-hydroxy-2-mercapto-1-methyl-1-butenyl)formamide dihydrogen phosphate (ester) (8CI)
- Formamide, N-[(4-amino-2-methyl-5-pyrimidinyl)methyl]-N-(4-hydroxy-2-mercapto-1-methyl-1-butenyl)-, S-benzoate O-(dihydrogen phosphate) (8CI)
- 8088CB
- BTMP
- Benfothiamine
- Benfotiamine
- Benzoylthiamine O-monophosphate
- Benzoylthiamine monophosphate
- Berdi
- Betivina
- Bietamine
- Biotamin
- Milgamma
- N-[(4-Amino-2-methyl-5-pyrimidinyl)methyl]-N-(4-hydroxy-2-mercapto-1-methyl-1-butenyl)formamide S-benzoate O-phosphate
- Neurostop
- Nitanevril
- S-Benzoylthiamine O-monophosphate
- S-Benzoylthiamine monophosphate
- Tabiomyl
- Vitanevril
- EINECS:245-013-4
- LD50:2200 mg/kg (M, i.v.); 15 g/kg (M, p.o.)
- ATC:A11DA03
Benfotiamine (rINN, or S-benzoylthiamine O-monophosphate) is a synthetic S-acyl derivative of thiamine (vitamin B1).
It has been licensed for use in Germany since 1993 under the trade name Milgamma. (Combinations with pyridoxine or cyanocobalamin are also sold under this name.) It is prescribed there for treating sciatica and other painful nerve conditions.[1]
It is marketed as a medicine and/or dietary supplement, depending on the respective Regulatory Authority.[citation needed]
Uses
Benfotiamine is primarily marketed as an antioxidant dietary supplement. In a clinical study with six patients, benfotiamine lowered AGE by 40%.[2]
Benfotiamine may be useful for the treatment of diabetic retinopathy, neuropathy, and nephropathy however “Most of the effects attributed to benfotiamine are extrapolated from in vitro and animal studies. Unfortunately apparent evidences from human studies are scarce and especially endpoint studies are missing. Therefore additional clinical studies are mandatory to explore the therapeutic potential of benfotiamine in both diabetic and non-diabetic pathological conditions”.[3] It is thought that treatment with benfotiamine leads to increased intracellular thiamine diphosphate levels,[3] a cofactor of transketolase. This enzyme directs advanced glycation and lipoxidation end products (AGE’s, ALE’s) substrates to the pentose phosphate pathway, thus reducing tissue AGEs.[4][5][6][7][8]
Pharmacology
After absorption, benfotiamine can be dephosphorylated by cells bearing an ecto-alkaline phosphatase to the lipid-soluble S-benzoylthiamine.[9] Benfotiamine should not be confused with allithiamine, a naturally occurring thiamine disulfide derivative with a distinct pharmacological profile.[10]
PATENT
The Benfotiamine, disclosed in US pat. no. 19623064000 US english names: S-benzoylthiamine O-monophosphate common name: Benfotiamine, chemical name: S − 2-[ [ (2-methyl-4-amino-5-pyrimidinyl) methyl ]-propionylamino ]-5-phosphonato-2-pentene-3-thiol benzoate, formula C 19 H 23 N 406 PS molecular weight 466.45 the following structural formula:
Chemical composition of the same species, in various physico-chemical conditions, crystallization into two or more different structure of the crystalline phenomenon, also referred to as polymorphs or homogeneous an image drug polymorph is a common phenomenon of drug discovery, drug quality is an important factor. Various polymorphs have different physical properties such as appearance, melting point, hardness, dissolution rate, chemical stability, mechanical stability, etc. differences, these differences in the physical properties of the sometimes affect the stability of the drug, bioavailability, even the drug availability. Thus, in drug development, it should be fully considered drug poly-type problems, the type of study and control in drug development of significant research content.
The benfotiamine, vitamin B 1 lipid-soluble derivatives, improved water-soluble vitamins B1 low bioavailability of disadvantages, increased blood and tissues. Thiamine concentration, thereby enhancing efficacy. The primary application to the following aspects (1) for thiamine deficiency disease prevention and treatment; (2) vitamin B 1 demand increases, from the food uptake is not sufficient make-up, fatigue, hyperthyroidism, gestation, lactation, vigorous manual labor, etc.); (3) for the treatment of non-l 酒性 lopinavir, grams of brain disease; (4) for the treatment of foot disease; (5) for the disease, the speculative and thiamine deficiency and metabolic disorders associated with treatment, such as: neuropathic pain; muscle pain, joint pain ; Peripheral-inflammatory, peripheral nerve
The paralysis; myocardial metabolism disorders, constipation, gastrointestinal motility dysfunction. The benfotiamine as vitamin B 1 supplemental agents have been in the united states, japan, europe, etc worldwide market. Recent studies have shown that, benfotiamine in diabetic peripheral neuropathy and retinopathy of significant therapeutic effect. In addition, our studies, benfotiamine may also be applied to the prevention and treatment of alzheimer’s disease, and aging.
Alzheimer’s disease (Altheimer’s disease, AD) is a cognitive, behavioral disorders is the primary clinical manifestations progressive neurodegenerative diseases, an age-related disorders, with age, their prevalence is a significant rise. 我国 the number of people in excess of 600 million AD patients, it is contemplated that in 2050 worldwide by the year AD patient may exceed 3000 million people as the medical scientific development, severe affect human health, mortality is a leading significant diseases such as cancer, stroke, cardiovascular disease, exhibit a decrease in mortality year by year, and AD mortality the rendering large increase in . In addition, alzheimer’s disease course long, the disabling rate is high, thus, alzheimer’s disease will be the 21 st century threaten both human diseases the most serious. It is estimated that worldwide by the year AD 2010 for medical costs up to 6040 of millions of dollars, the same global of the gross national product of 1%
China and the USA, the world there have been the following two classes of drugs approved for AD treatment: cholinesterase inhibitors and N-methyl D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist are both improved AD patient symptoms, slow disease progression does not prevent or reverse the progression of a disease. The benfotiamine by inhibiting the sugar synthase kinase -3 (Glycogen synthase kinase -3, GSK -3) activity, decrease in brain beta-amyloid protein (beta-amyloid, alpha beta) the deposition and tau protein phosphorylation, reduce alzheimer’s disease, pathological damage.
Presently available, benfotiamine primarily in the form of tablets and powders is administered in the form of, all formulations are not related to the benfotiamine feedstock form has not yet been the benfotiamine crystalline be systematically studied, the present US pat. no. first for benfotiamine of systematic study of various forms, illustrating different form benfotiamine characteristics and their feasibility. As a pharmaceutical agent
Thiamine derivatives such as thiamine monophosphate dihydrate and S-benzoyl thiamine monophosphate compounds and salts thereof are useful as therapeutics and nutrients. Further, some of the thiamine derivatives are known to be biochemically important compounds.
There are processes known where thiamine derivatives have been prepared by reacting thiamine with polyphosphoric acid derived from phosphoric acid; heating of the two gives a mixture of thiamine phosphate comprising thiamine 0- monophosphate, thiamine O-diphosphate, thiamine O-triphosphate and thiamine O-polyphosphate. Each polyphosphate may be isolated from the reaction mixture. However, the above prior process is commercially unpractical, because yields of the desired phosphates isolated are extremely poor.
In another process, orthophosphoric acid is used as phosphorylating agent to convert thiamine hydrochloride into thiamine monophosphate. The process demands heating acids like orthophosphoric acid which is considered to be highly unsafe up to 270° C. Moreover, this prior art process does not produce the desired product immediately after work up. The process requires 7 days to get all higher phosphates derivatives eq. Thiamine diphosphate (cocarboxylase) and thiamine triphosphate to convert into thiamine monophosphate. The prepared thiamine monophosphate dihydrate is converted into S-benzoyl thiamine monophosphate by reaction with benzoyl chloride or dibenzyl sulfide or Sodium benzoyl thiosulfate. Due to such drastic conditions the intermediate purity and in turn the product purity is extremely poor requiring series of purification steps.
In yet another process, compounds like P205 which are unsafe from operation point of view since it requires changing into orthophosphoric acid at considerably high temperature. This process gives the mixture of mono, di, tri and tetra phosphate derivatives of thiamine. The process provides that even after hydrolysis, the reaction mass contains only 61 -62% desired thiamine monophosphate dihydrate along with 31 -32 % cocarboxylase and 2-3 % thiamine triphosphate. Further, it requires their separation by means of techniques like Ion Exchange which is again troublesome and not advantageous from process point of view.
Thus, the processes known hitherto for the production of such thiamine derivatives such as thiamine monophosphate dihydrate and S-benzoyl thiamine monophosphate compounds and salts thereof have cost and/or lower yield with poor quality disadvantages. The prior art processes also suffer in that the workup of reaction mass is tedious which eventually increases the manufacturing cost.
PATENT
Preparation of Thiamine monophosphate
To the solution of 2500 g of Polyphosphoric acid and 25 g sodium pyrophosphate was added 700 g thiamine hydrochloride chloride and the mixture was heated slowly at 120 Deg C. After the ceasing of HCI gas evolution, which generally takes 3-4 hours. It was maintained for 2 hours and was further cooled to 50 Deg C. HPLC analysis shown the following analysis 7% of cocarboxylase ( thiamine diphosphate)
88.0% of thiamine monophosphate
1 .0% of thiamine triphosphate
1 .5% of thiamine chloride After cooling hot deminerahzed water was added and the reaction mass heated to 90 Deg C. The reaction mass was maintained at this temperature for 5-6 hours.
HPLC analysis of reaction mass shown the following analysis. 1 % of cocarboxylase
95% of thiamine monophosphate
1 .0% of thiamine chloride The reaction mass is allowed to cool up to 25 Deg C. To this was added 4000 ml Tri-n-butyl amine and 5000 ml chloroform. The two layer formed was separated and product was recovered from aqueous layer by adding 5000 ml methanol by filtration. Dry weight of thiamine monophosphate dihydrate was 862 g (almost 100 % yield ) of purity 99 % by HPLC. Melting point 198-200 Deg C.
EXAMPLE 2
Preparation of S-benzoyl thiamine monophosphate 100 g thiamine monophosphate dihydrate was added to 300 ml water and cooled up to 0 to 5 Deg C. 10 % caustic solution is run in to this solution to make pH 8 – 10. 75 g of benzoyl chloride was added drop wise to the mixture with stirring within 4 hours and maintained the reaction mixture alkaline by occasional addition of 25% aqueous sodium hydroxide. After the completion of reaction, the mass is concentrated to dryness and the product was isolated by adding acetone. The precipitated solid was filtered and dried. Dry weight of product was 75 g.
EXAMPLE 3 Preparation of Lithium salt of S-benzoyl thiamine monophosphate
To a mixture of 12 g of S-benzoyl thiamine O-monophosphate dihydrate with 35 ml of water is added with stirring and ice cooling a 10% solution of lithium hydroxide to adjust pH to about 8.0. The resulting solution is filtered, added with acetone and allowed to stand at cold place to precipitate crystals of Lithium salt of S-benzoyl thiamine O-monophosphate. The crystals are filtered and dissolved in a small amount of water. Acetone is then added to the solution to give a recrystallization of purified product, which is dried in vacuum oven. Yield -9 g and MP – decomposes at about 190°C. EXAMPLE 4
Preparation of Barium salt of S-benzoyl thiamine monophosphate
To a mixture of 15 g of S-benzoyl thiamine O-monophosphate dihydrate with 35 ml of water is added with stirring and ice cooling a 10% solution of Barium hydroxide to adjust pH to about 8.0. The resulting solution is filtered, added with acetone and allowed to stand at cold place to precipitate crystals of Barium salt of S-benzoyl thiamine O-monophosphate. The crystals are filtered and dissolved in a small amount of water. Acetone is then added to the solution to give a recrystallization of purified product, which is dried in vacuum oven. Yield 9 g and melt with decomposition at 180 Deg C. EXAMPLE 5
Preparation of Magnesium salt of S-benzoyl thiamine monophosphate
To a mixture of 15 g of S-benzoyl thiamine O-monophosphate dihydrate with 35 ml of water is added with stirring and ice cooling a 10% solution of Magnesium hydroxide to adjust pH to about 8.0. The resulting solution is filtered, added with acetone and allowed to stand at cold place to precipitate crystals of Magnesium salt of S-benzoyl thiamine O-monophosphate. The crystals are filtered and dissolved in a small amount of water. Acetone is then added to the solution to give a recrystallization of purified product, which is dried in vacuum oven. Yield 9 g and melt with decomposition at 205 Deg C.
WO 2014059702
PATENT
IN 2014MU03690
PATENT
CN 104418889
CN 103772432
PATENT
http://www.google.com/patents/CN103772432A?cl=en
Example 1:
Was added to the reaction kettle 4000kg polyphosphoric acid, heated to 100 ~ 120 ° C, the vitamin BI 1000kg batches added to the reaction dad, add after kept at this temperature range 8 hours, was added water quenching 3000kg off after the reaction, the temperature was raised to 80-90 ° C hydrolysis of 10 hours; cooled to room temperature, was added to the kettle 5000kg trioctylamine mixture of methyl tert-butyl ether = WPA / 1/1; aqueous phase 5000kg methanol to precipitate a solid, centrifuged to obtain a monoester 1200kg vitamin BI phosphoric acid crude; the 1200kg Vitamin `prime BI phosphate monoester crude in 6000kg water mixed beating, down to O ~ 5 ° C, dropping liquid in this temperature range adjusting the PH value of the base system to 12.0 ~ 14.0; PH after adjustment to ensure that the reactor temperature 10 ~ 25 ° C within 1200kg of benzoyl chloride was added dropwise, after the addition is complete heat the reaction to completion; filtered and the filtrate adjust PH from 3.5 to 4.0 precipitated solid was isolated and dried to give a white solid 1200kg, namely benfotiamine. Yield: 77.38%, Purity: 98.70% ο
Example 2:
Was added to the reaction kettle 5000kg polyphosphoric acid, heated to 80 ~ 100 ° C, the vitamin BI 1000kg batches added to the reaction dad, add after kept at this temperature range 6 hours, was added water quenching 5000kg off after the reaction was heated to reflux for 5 hours hydrolysis; cooled to room temperature, the autoclave was added to the mixture was extracted twice 4000kg trioctylamine / methyl tert-butyl ether = 1/1; aqueous phase 6000kg ethanol precipitation The solid obtained by centrifugation vitamin BI phosphate monoester 1200kg crude; after 1200kg vitamin BI crude phosphate monoester product mixing beating in 6000kg water, down to O ~ 5 ° C, solution of caustic soda adjust PH value system in this temperature range to 10.0 ~ 12.0; PH adjusting finished, to ensure the reactor temperature 10 ~ 25 ° C within 1200kg of benzoyl chloride was added dropwise, after the addition is complete heat the reaction to completion; filtered, the solid was filtered, the filtrate was adjusted to 3.5 ~ PH value 4.0 precipitated solid was isolated and dried to give a white solid 1250kg, namely benfotiamine. Yield: 80.61%, Purity: 98.50% ο
Example 3:
After the reactor was added 3000kg polyphosphoric acid, heated to 90 ~ 110 ° C, the vitamin BI 1000kg batches added to the reaction dad, add after the insulation in this temperature range for 5 hours, 5000kg of water quenching off after the reaction, the temperature was raised to 90-100 ° C hydrolysis 5 hours; cooled to room temperature, was added to the kettle 5000kg trioctylamine methyl tert-butyl ether mixture was extracted twice = / 1/1; aqueous phase Join 7000kg acetone precipitate a solid, mono- 1230kg centrifuged to obtain crude vitamin BI phosphoric acid; vitamin BI after 1200kg crude phosphate monoester product mixing beating in 6000kg water, down to O ~ 5 ° C, solution of caustic soda adjusted within this temperature range System PH value to 11.0 ~ 13.0; PH after adjustment to ensure that the temperature of the reactor was added dropwise within 10 ~ 25 ° C within 1200kg benzoyl chloride, and after the addition is complete heat to the completion of the reaction; filtered, the filtrate was adjusted to 3.5 PH value to 4.0 precipitated solid was isolated and dried to give a white solid 1240kg, namely benfotiamine. Yield: 79.96%, Purity: 98.50% ο
Example 4
Was added to the reaction kettle 4000kg polyphosphoric acid, heated to 100 ~ 120 ° C, the vitamin BI 1000kg batches added to the reaction dad, add after kept at this temperature range for 4 hours, water quenching 8000kg off after the reaction, the temperature was raised to 90 – 110 ° C hydrolysis seven hours; cooled to room temperature, was added to the kettle 4000kg trioctylamine / methyl tert-butyl ether mixture was extracted phosphoric = 1/1; aqueous phase 6000kg methanol precipitated solid was centrifuged to give 1200kg vitamin BI phosphate monoester crude; the 1200kg vitamin BI phosphate monoester crude 6000kg water were mixed after beaten, cooled to O ~ 5 ° C, caustic soda was added dropwise at this temperature adjustment range of the system PH value to 9.0 ~ 11.0; PH adjustment finished, the reactor temperature to ensure solution of 10 ~ 25 ° C within 1200kg benzoyl chloride, and after the addition is complete heat to the completion of the reaction; filtered, the filtrate was adjusted to PH value
3.5 to 4.0 precipitated solid was isolated and dried to give a white solid 1260kg, namely benfotiamine. Yield: 81.24%, Purity: 98.70% ο
Example 5
Was added to the reaction kettle 5000kg polyphosphoric acid, heated to 110 ~ 130 ° C, the vitamin BI 1000kg batches added to the reaction dad, add after kept at this temperature range for 3 hours, water quenching 10000kg off after the reaction, the temperature was raised to 110 – 120 ° C under reflux for 3 hours hydrolysis; cooled to room temperature, the mixture was extracted phosphoric acid was added to the kettle 3000kg trioctylamine / methyl tert-butyl ether = 1/1; aqueous phase `6000kg ethanol was added to precipitate a solid, obtained by centrifugation 1200kg vitamin BI phosphate monoester crude; after 1200kg vitamin BI phosphate monoester crude mixing beating in 6000kg water, down to O ~ 5 ° C, solution of caustic soda in this temperature range adjusting the PH value of the system to the 8.0 ~ 10.0; PH adjusting finished, 1200kg of benzoyl chloride was added dropwise to ensure the kettle temperature within 10 ~ 25 ° C, after the addition is complete heat the reaction to completion; filtered, the filtrate was adjusted to PH value 3.5 to 4.0 precipitated solid was isolated and dried to give a white solid 1230kg, namely benfotiamine. Yield: 79.31%, purity: 98.60% ο
PATENT
http://www.google.com/patents/CN102911208A?cl=en
Example I: Phosphorus oxychloride 15. 33g (O. Imol) was added to the water 10. 8mL, placed in an ice bath with stirring O. 5 hours was added portionwise thiamine 26. 53g (O. lmol), warmed to 50 ° C followed by stirring for 2 hours, cooled to room temperature to obtain a solution of phosphorus thiamine, thiamine HPLC phosphorus content of 91.36%, adjusted with 15% NaOH solution to pH 8_9 the solution was added 28. Ilg (O. 2mol) benzoyl chloride, the 0_5 ° C under stirring, monitoring the reaction solution and pH changes, the pH value is stable, does not change when the reaction liquid PH, stirring was continued for I hour the reaction, the solution was adjusted to pH 3. 5-4. 0, suction filtration to give 33. 58g benfotiamine white solid. Yield 71.9%.
MP: 164-165 ° C; H1 NMR (400MHz, CDCl3): 2.18 (s, 3H), 2.56 (s, 3H), 2 58 (t, / = 6 7,2H.), 4.. 33 (t, / = 6.7,2H), 4. 83 (s, 2H), 7. 44 (m, 2H), 7. 57 (dd, / = 7. 3, J = I. 5, 1H), 7. 60 (m, 2H), 7. 70 (s, 1H), 8. 67 (s, 1H).
Example 2: Phosphorus oxychloride 15. 33g (O. lmol) was added to a 7. 2mL of water, placed in an ice bath with stirring O. 5 hours was added portionwise thiamine 21. 23g (O. OSmol), warmed to 60 ° C followed by stirring for 2 hours, cooled to room temperature to obtain a solution of phosphorus thiamine, thiamine HPLC phosphorus content of 92.37%, adjusted with 15% NaOH solution to pH 8_9 the solution was added 28. Ilg (O. 2mol) benzoyl chloride, stirred at 0-5 ° C, and monitoring the pH of the reaction solution changes, stable pH, the reaction solution PH does not change when the stirring was continued for I hour the reaction, the solution pH adjusted to 3. 5-4. 0, suction filtration to give 27. 69g benfotiamine white solid. Yield 74.2%.
MP: 164-165 ° C; H1 NMR (400MHz, CDCl3):.. 2.18 (s, 3H), 2 56 (s, 3H), 2 58 (t, / = 6 7,2H.), 4. 33 (t, / = 6.7,2H), 4. 83 (s, 2H), 7. 44 (m, 2H), 7. 57 (dd, / = 7. 3, / = 1. 5, 1H ), 7. 60 (m, 2H), 7. 70 (s, 1H), 8. 67 (s, 1H).
Example 3: Phosphorus oxychloride 15. 33g (O. lmol) was added to a 3. 6mL of water, placed in an ice bath with stirring O. 5 hours was added portionwise thiamine 15. 92g (O. 06mol), warmed to 70 ° C followed by stirring for 2 hours, cooled to room temperature to obtain a solution of phosphorus thiamine, thiamine HPLC phosphorus content of 93.23%, adjusted with 15% NaOH solution to pH 8_9 the solution was added 28. Ilg (O. 2mol) benzoyl chloride, stirred at 0-5 ° C, and monitoring the pH of the reaction solution changes, stable pH, the reaction solution PH does not change when the stirring was continued for I hour the reaction, the solution pH adjusted to 3. 5-4. 0, filtration, benfotiamine was a white solid 23. 71g. Yield 84.7%.
MP: 164-165 ° C; H1 NMR (400MHz, CDCl3): 2.18 (s, 3H), 2.56 (s, 3H), 2 58 (t, / = 6 7,2H.), 4.. 33 (t, / = 6.7,2H), 4. 83 (s, 2H), 7. 44 (m, 2H), 7. 57 (dd, / = 7. 3, / = 1. 5, 1H), 7. 60 (m, 2H), 7. 70 (s, 1H), 8. 67 (s, 1H).
Example 4: Phosphorus oxychloride 15. 33g (O. lmol) was added to a 7. 2mL of water, placed in an ice bath with stirring O. 5 hours was added portionwise thiamine 10. 62g (O. 04mol), warmed to 80 ° C followed by stirring for 2 hours, cooled to room temperature to obtain a solution of phosphorus thiamine, thiamine HPLC phosphorus content of 95.26%, adjusted with 15% NaOH solution to pH 8_9 the solution was added 28. Ilg (O. 2mol) benzoyl chloride, stirred at 0-5 ° C, and monitoring the pH of the reaction solution changes, stable pH, the reaction solution PH does not change when the stirring was continued for I hour the reaction, the solution pH adjusted to 3. 5-4. 0, filtration, benfotiamine was a white solid 15. 22g. Yield 85.2%.
MP: 164-165 ° C; H1 NMR (400MHz, CDCl3): 2.18 (s, 3H), 2.56 (s, 3H), 2 58 (t, / = 6 7,2H.), 4.. 33 (t, / = 6.7,2H), 4. 83 (s, 2H), 7. 44 (m, 2H), 7. 57 (dd, / = 7. 3, / = 1. 5, 1H), 7. 60 (m, 2H), 7. 70 (s, 1H), 8. 67 (s, 1H).
PATENT
http://www.google.com/patents/CN103724374A?cl=en
Synthesis I) thiamine monophosphate hydrochloride
In the reaction flask was added phosphate, thiamine hydrochloride, phosphorous pentoxide was added and stirred to dissolve, controlling the reaction temperature to complete the reaction thiamine hydrochloride, was added and stirring was continued after dropwise addition of concentrated hydrochloric acid hydrolysis of purified water was added dropwise acetone crystallization dropwise at raising grain, filtration, washed with acetone crystal, vacuum drying intermediates thiamine monophosphate hydrochloride;
2) Synthesis of crude benfotiamine
In the reaction flask thiamine monophosphate hydrochloride, dissolved in purified water, sodium hydroxide was added dropwise to adjust the pH to alkaline and steady, benzoyl chloride, sodium hydroxide was added dropwise while controlling alkaline pH, to control the temperature of the reaction pH remained stable, the end of the reaction, concentrated hydrochloric acid was added and extracted twice with ethyl acetate, the aqueous phase of sodium hydroxide was added dropwise until the pH is acidic, crystal seeding planting, filtration, purified water and acetone crystal, vacuum drying crude benfotiamine;
See also
References
- 1 “BBC news story: Back pain drug ‘may aid diabetics'”. BBC News. 18 February 2003.
- 2
- J Lin, A Alt, J Liersch, RG Bretzel, M Brownlee (May 2000). “Benfotiamine Inhibits Intracellular Formation of Advanced Glycation End Products in vivo” (PDF). Diabetes. 49 (Suppl1) (A143): 583.
- 3
- Balakumar P, Rohilla A, Krishan P, Solairaj P, Thangathirupathi A (2010). “The multifaceted therapeutic potential of benfotiamine”. Pharmacol Res 61 (6): 482–8. doi:10.1016/j.phrs.2010.02.008. PMID 20188835.
- 4
- Since AGEs are the actual agents productive of diabetic complications, in theory, if diabetic patients could block the action of AGEs completely by benfotiamine, strict blood sugar control, with its disruption of lifestyle and risks to health and life by severe hypoglycemic episodes, could be avoided, with revolutionary implications for the treatment of diabetes. Hammes, HP; Du, X; Edelstein, D; Taguchi, T; Matsumura, T; Ju, Q; Lin, J; Bierhaus, A; Nawroth, P; Hannak, D; Neumaier, M; Bergfeld, R; Giardino, I; Brownlee, M (2003). “Benfotiamine blocks three major pathways of hyperglycemic damage and prevents experimental diabetic retinopathy”. Nat Med 9 (3): 294–299. doi:10.1038/nm834.
- 5
- Stirban A, Negrean M, Stratmann B; et al. (2007). “Adiponectin decreases postprandially following a heat-processed meal in individuals with type 2 diabetes: an effect prevented by benfotiamine and cooking method”. Diabetes Care 30 (10): 2514–6. doi:10.2337/dc07-0302. PMID 17630265.
- 6
- Stracke H, Hammes HP, Werkmann D; et al. (2001). “Efficacy of benfotiamine versus thiamine on function and glycation products of peripheral nerves in diabetic rats”. Exp. Clin. Endocrinol. Diabetes 109 (6): 330–6. doi:10.1055/s-2001-17399. PMID 11571671.
- 7
- Stirban A, Negrean M, Stratmann B; et al. (2006). “Benfotiamine prevents macro- and microvascular endothelial dysfunction and oxidative stress following a meal rich in advanced glycation end products in individuals with type 2 diabetes”. Diabetes Care 29 (9): 2064–71. doi:10.2337/dc06-0531. PMID 16936154.
- 8
- Babaei-Jadidi R, Karachalias N, Ahmed N, Battah S, Thornalley PJ (2003). “Prevention of incipient diabetic nephropathy by high-dose thiamine and benfotiamine”. Diabetes 52 (8): 2110–20. doi:10.2337/diabetes.52.8.2110. PMID 12882930.
- 9
- Yamazaki, M (1968). “Studies on the absorption of S-benzoylthiamine O-monophosphate : (I) Metabolism in tissue homogenates”. Vitamins 38 (1): 12–20.
- 10
Volvert, M.L.; Seyen, S.; Piette, M.; Evrard, B.; Gangolf, M.; Plumier, J.C.; Bettendorff, L. (2008). “Benfotiamine, a synthetic S-acyl thiamine derivative, has different mechanisms of action and a different pharmacological profile than lipid-soluble thiamine disulfide derivatives”. BMC Pharmacology 8 (1): 10. doi:10.1186/1471-2210-8-10. PMC 2435522. PMID 18549472.
External links
| CN101654464A * | Jul 28, 2009 | Feb 24, 2010 | 湖北华中药业有限公司;湖北制药有限公司 | Method for synthesizing vitamin B1 phosphatic monoester |
| CN102766163A * | Jun 29, 2012 | Nov 7, 2012 | 暨明医药科技（苏州）有限公司 | Synthesis method of phosphate monoester of vitamin B1 |
| CN102911208A * | Sep 25, 2012 | Feb 6, 2013 | 同济大学 | Method for synthesizing benfotiamine |
| CA682778A * | Mar 24, 1964 | Sankyo Kabushiki Kaisha | S-benzoylthiamine o-monophosphate and a process for preparing the same | |
| US3507854 * | Apr 7, 1965 | Apr 21, 1970 | Sankyo Co | Process for preparing thiamine derivatives |
| CN103772432A * | Jan 3, 2014 | May 7, 2014 | 湖北瑞锶科技有限公司 | Production method of benfotiamine |
| CN103772432B * | Jan 3, 2014 | Jan 20, 2016 | 湖北瑞锶科技有限公司 | 一种苯磷硫胺的生产方法 |
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| Systematic (IUPAC) name | |
|---|---|
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S-[2-{[(4-Amino-2-methylpyrimidin-5-yl)methyl] (formyl)amino}-5-(phosphonooxy)pent-2-en-3-yl] benzenecarbothioate
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| Clinical data | |
| Trade names | Milgamma |
| AHFS/Drugs.com | International Drug Names |
| Legal status | |
| Routes of administration |
Oral |
| Identifiers | |
| CAS Number | 22457-89-2 |
| ATC code | A11DA03 |
| PubChem | CID 3032771 |
| ChemSpider | 2297665 |
| UNII | Y92OUS2H9B |
| ChEBI | CHEBI:41039  |
| ChEMBL | CHEMBL1491875 |
| Synonyms | S-Benzoylthiamine O-monophosphate |
| Chemical data | |
| Formula | C19H23N4O6PS |
| Molar mass | 466.448 g/mol |
- Hamanaka, Wataru; JP 37011040 B 1962
- (3) Koltunova, V. I.; Zhurnal Obshchei Khimii 1969, V39(1), P102-9
- (4) GB 896089 1962 CAPLUS
- (5) “Drugs – Synonyms and Properties” data were obtained from Ashgate Publishing Co. (US)
- (6) Sunagawa, Genshun; JP 37013483 B 1962
///////benfotiamine, бенфотиамин , بينفوتيامين , 苯磷硫胺 , ベンフォチアミン
O=P(O)(O)OCCC(/SC(=O)c1ccccc1)=C(/N(C=O)Cc2cnc(nc2N)C)C
DR ANTHONY MELVIN CRASTO
ORGANIC SPECTROSCOPY
New Drug Approvals 