英文名称Burixafor

TG-0054

(2-{4-[6-amino-2-({[(1r,4r)-4-({[3-(cyclohexylamino)propyl]amino}methyl)cyclohexyl]methyl}amino)pyrimidin-4-yl]piperazin-1-yl}ethyl)phosphonic acid

[2-[4-[6-Amino-2-[[[trans-4-[[[3-(cyclohexylamino)propyl]amino]methyl]cyclohexyl]methyl]amino]pyrimidin-4-yl]piperazin-1-yl]ethyl]phosphonic acid

1191448-17-5

C₂₇H₅₁N₈O₃P, 566.7194

chemokine CXCR 4 receptor antagonist;

ScinoPharm to Provide Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient to F*TaiGen for Novel Stem Cell Drug
MarketWatch
The drug has received a Clinical Trial Application from China’s FDA for the initiation of … In addition, six products have entered Phase III clinical trials.

read at

http://www.marketwatch.com/story/scinopharm-to-provide-active-pharmaceutical-ingredient-to-ftaigen-for-novel-stem-cell-drug-2014-06-08

TAINAN, June 8, 2014  — ScinoPharm Taiwan, Ltd. (twse:1789) specializing in the development and manufacture of active pharmaceutical ingredients, and TaiGen Biotechnology (4157.TW; F*TaiGen) jointly announced today the signing of a manufacturing contract for the clinical supply of the API of Burixafor, a new chemical entity discovered and developed by TaiGen. The API will be manufactured in ScinoPharm’s plant in Changshu, China. This cooperation not only demonstrates Taiwan’s international competitive strength in new drug development, but also sees the beginning of a domestic pharmaceutical specialization and cooperation mechanisms, thus establishing a groundbreaking milestone for Taiwan’s pharmaceutical industry.

Dr. Jo Shen, President and CEO of ScinoPharm said, “This cooperation with TaiGen is of representative significance in the domestic pharmaceutical companies’ upstream and downstream cooperation and self-development of new drugs, and indicates the Taiwanese pharmaceutical industry’s cumulative research and development momentum is paving the way forward.” Dr. Jo Shen emphasized, “ScinoPharm’s Changshu Plant provides high-quality API R&D and manufacturing services through its fast, flexible, reliable competitive advantages, effectively assisting clients of new drugs in gaining entry into China, Europe, the United States, and other international markets.”

According to Dr. Ming-Chu Hsu, Chairman and CEO of TaiGen, “R&D is the foundation of the pharmaceutical industry. Once a drug is successfully developed, players at all levels of the value chain could reap the benefit. Burixafor is a 100% in-house developed product that can be used in the treatment of various intractable diseases. The cooperation between TaiGen and ScinoPharm will not only be a win-win for both sides, but will also provide high-quality novel dug for patients from around the world.”

Burixafor is a novel stem cell mobilizer that can efficiently mobilize bone marrow stem cells and tissue precursor cells to the peripheral blood. It can be used in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, chemotherapy sensitization and other ischemic diseases. The results of the ongoing Phase II clinical trial in the United States are very impressive. The drug has received a Clinical Trial Application from China’s FDA for the initiation of a Phase II clinical trial in chemotherapy sensitization under the 1.1 category. According to the pharmaceutical consultancy company JSB, with only stem cell transplant and chemotherapy sensitizer as the indicator, Burixafor’s annual sales are estimated at USD1.1 billion.

ScinoPharm currently has accepted over 80 new drug API process research and development plans, of which five new drugs have been launched in the market. In addition, six products have entered Phase III clinical trials. Through the Changshu Plant’s operation in line with the latest international cGMP plant equipment and quality management standards, the company provides customers with one stop shopping services in professional R&D, manufacturing, and outsourcing, thereby shortening the customer development cycle of customers’ products and accelerating the launch of new products to the market.

TaiGen’s focus is on the research and development of novel drugs. Besides Burixafor, the products also include anti-infective, Taigexyn®, and an anti-hepatitis C drug, TG-2349. Taigexyn® is the first in-house developed novel drug that received new drug application approval from Taiwan’s FDA. TG-2349 is intended for the 160 million global patients with hepatitis C with huge market potential. TaiGen hopes to file one IND with the US FDA every 3-4 years to expand TaiGen’s product line.

About ScinoPharm

ScinoPharm Taiwan, Ltd. is a leading process R&D and API manufacturing service provider to the global pharmaceutical industry. With research and manufacturing facilities in both Taiwan and China, ScinoPharm offers a wide portfolio of services ranging from custom synthesis for early phase pharmaceutical activities to contract services for brand companies as well as APIs for the generic industry. For more information, please visit the Company’s website at http://www.scinopharm.com

About TaiGen Biotechnology

TaiGen Biotechnology is a leading research-based and product-driven biotechnology company in Taiwan with a wholly-owned subsidiary in Beijing, China. The company’s first product, Taigexyn®, have already received NDA approval from Taiwan’s FDA. In addition to Taigexyn®, TaiGen has two other in-house discovered NCEs in clinical development under IND with US FDA: TG-0054, a chemokine receptor antagonist for stem cell transplantation and chemosensitization, in Phase 2 and TG-2349, a HCV protease inhibitor for treatment of chronic hepatitis infection, in Phase 2. Both TG-0054 and TG-2349 are currently in clinical trials in patients in the US.

SOURCE ScinoPharm Taiwan Ltd.

TG-0054 is a potent and selective chemokine CXCR4 (SDF-1) antagonist in phase II clinical studies at TaiGen Biotechnology for use in stem cell transplantation in cancer patients. Specifically, the compound is being developed for the treatment of stem cell transplantation in multiple myeloma, non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, Hodgkin’s lymphoma and myocardial ischemia.

Preclinical studies had also been undertaken for the treatment of diabetic retinopathy, critical limb ischemia (CLI) and age-related macular degeneration. In a mouse model, TG-0054 efficiently mobilizes stem cells (CD34+) and endothelial progenitor cells (CD133+) from bone marrow into peripheral circulation.

BACKGROUND

Chemokines are a family of cytokines that regulate the adhesion and transendothelial migration of leukocytes during an immune or inflammatory reaction (Mackay C.R., Nat. Immunol, 2001, 2:95; Olson et al, Am. J. Physiol. Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol, 2002, 283 :R7). Chemokines also regulate T cells and B cells trafficking and homing, and contribute to the development of lymphopoietic and hematopoietic systems (Ajuebor et al, Biochem. Pharmacol, 2002, 63:1191). Approximately 50 chemokines have been identified in humans. They can be classified into 4 subfamilies, i.e., CXC, CX3C, CC, and C chemokines, based on the positions of the conserved cysteine residues at the N-terminal (Onuffer et al, Trends Pharmacol ScI, 2002, 23:459). The biological functions of chemokines are mediated by their binding and activation of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) on the cell surface.

Stromal-derived factor- 1 (SDF-I) is a member of CXC chemokines. It is originally cloned from bone marrow stromal cell lines and found to act as a growth factor for progenitor B cells (Nishikawa et al, Eur. J. Immunol, 1988, 18:1767). SDF-I plays key roles in homing and mobilization of hematopoietic stem cells and endothelial progenitor cells (Bleul et al, J. Exp. Med., 1996, 184:1101; and Gazzit et al, Stem Cells, 2004, 22:65-73). The physiological function of SDF-I is mediated by CXCR4 receptor. Mice lacking SDF-I or CXCR4 receptor show lethal abnormality in bone marrow myelopoiesis, B cell lymphopoiesis, and cerebellar development (Nagasawa et al, Nature, 1996, 382:635; Ma et al, Proc. Natl. Acad. ScI, 1998, 95:9448; Zou et al, Nature, 1998, 393:595; Lu et al, Proc. Natl. Acad. ScI, 2002, 99:7090). CXCR4 receptor is expressed broadly in a variety of tissues, particularly in immune and central nervous systems, and has been described as the major co-receptor for HIV- 1/2 on T lymphocytes. Although initial interest in CXCR4 antagonism focused on its potential application to AIDS treatment (Bleul et al, Nature, 1996, 382:829), it is now becoming clear that CXCR4 receptor and SDF-I are also involved in other pathological conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis, asthma, and tumor metastases (Buckley et al., J. Immunol., 2000, 165:3423). Recently, it has been reported that a CXCR4 antagonist and an anticancer drug act synergistically in inhibiting cancer such as acute promuelocutic leukemia (Liesveld et al., Leukemia

Research 2007, 31 : 1553). Further, the CXCR4/SDF-1 pathway has been shown to be critically involved in the regeneration of several tissue injury models. Specifically, it has been found that the SDF-I level is elevated at an injured site and CXCR4-positive cells actively participate in the tissue regenerating process.

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http://www.google.com/patents/WO2009131598A1?cl=en

Compound 52

Example 1 : Preparation of Compounds 1

1-1 1-Ii 1-m

^ ^–\_{\ Λ x}CUNN ^H ‘ ‘₂2.. P ^rd^u/’C^ ^. , _Λ>\_V>_v

Et₃N, TFAA , _H_, r [ Y I RRaanneeyy–NNiicckkeell _{u H} f [ Y | NH₂

CH₂CI₂, -10 ⁰C _Boc^ ‘^NNA/ 11,,44–ddιιooxxaannee B Boocer”¹^”–^^ LiOH, H₂O, 50 ⁰C

1-IV 1-V

Water (10.0 L) and (BoC)₂O (3.33 kgg, 15.3 mol) were added to a solution of trans-4-aminomethyl-cyclohexanecarboxylic acid (compound 1-1, 2.0 kg, 12.7 mol) and sodium bicarbonate (2.67 kg, 31.8 mol). The reaction mixture was stirred at ambient temperature for 18 hours. The aqueous layer was acidified with concentrated hydrochloric acid (2.95 L, pH = 2) and then filtered. The resultant solid was collected, washed three times with water (15 L), and dried in a hot box (60 ⁰C) to give trα/?5-4-(tert-butoxycarbonylamino-methyl)-cyclo-hexanecarboxylic acid (Compound l-II, 3.17 kg, 97%) as a white solid. R_f = 0.58 (EtOAc). LC-MS m/e 280 (M+Na⁺). ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 4.58 (brs, IH), 2.98 (t, J= 6.3 Hz, 2H), 2.25 (td, J = 12, 3.3 Hz, IH), 2.04 (d, J= 11.1 Hz, 2H), 1.83 (d, J= 11.1 Hz, 2H), 1.44 (s, 9H), 1.35-1.50 (m, 3H), 0.89-1.03 (m, 2H). ¹³C NMR (75 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 181.31, 156.08, 79.12, 46.41, 42.99, 37.57, 29.47, 28.29, 27.96. M.p. 134.8-135.0 ⁰C. A suspension of compound l-II (1.0 kg, 3.89 mol) in THF (5 L) was cooled at

-10 ⁰C and triethyl amine (1.076 L, 7.78 mol) and ethyl chloroformate (0.441 L, 4.47 mol) were added below -10 ⁰C. The reaction mixture was stirred at ambient temperature for 3 hours. The reaction mixture was then cooled at -10 ⁰C again and NH₄OH (3.6 L, 23.34 mol) was added below -10 ⁰C. The reaction mixture was stirred at ambient temperature for 18 hours and filtered. The solid was collected and washed three times with water (10 L) and dried in a hot box (6O⁰C) to give trans-4- (tert-butoxycarbonyl-amino-methyl)-cyclohexanecarboxylic acid amide (Compound l-III, 0.8 kg, 80%) as a white solid. Rf= 0.23 (EtOAc). LC-MS m/e 279, M+Na⁺. ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CD₃OD) δ 6.63 (brs, IH), 2.89 (t, J= 6.3 Hz, 2H), 2.16 (td, J = 12.2, 3.3 Hz, IH), 1.80-1.89 (m, 4H), 1.43 (s, 9H), 1.37-1.51 (m, 3H), 0.90-1.05 (m, 2H). ¹³C NMR (75 MHz, CD₃OD) δ 182.26, 158.85, 79.97, 47.65, 46.02, 39.28, 31.11, 30.41, 28.93. M.p. 221.6-222.0 ⁰C.

A suspension of compound l-III (1.2 kg, 4.68 mol) in CH₂Cl₂ (8 L) was cooled at -1O⁰C and triethyl amine (1.3 L, 9.36 mol) and trifluoroacetic anhydride (0.717 L, 5.16 mol) were added below -10 ⁰C. The reaction mixture was stirred for 3 hours. After water (2.0 L) was added, the organic layer was separated and washed with water (3.0 L) twice. The organic layer was then passed through silica gel and concentrated. The resultant oil was crystallized by methylene chloride. The crystals were washed with hexane to give £rαns-(4-cyano-cyclohexylmethyl)-carbamic acid tert-butyl ester (Compound 1-IV, 0.95 kg, 85%) as a white crystal. R_f = 0.78 (EtOAc). LC-MS m/e 261, M+Na⁺. ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 4.58 (brs, IH), 2.96 (t, J = 6.3 Hz, 2H), 2.36 (td, J= 12, 3.3 Hz, IH), 2.12 (dd, J= 13.3, 3.3 Hz, 2H), 1.83 (dd, J = 13.8, 2.7 Hz, 2H), 1.42 (s, 9H), 1.47-1.63 (m, 3H), 0.88-1.02 (m, 2H). ¹³C NMR (75 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 155.96, 122.41, 79.09, 45.89, 36.92, 29.06, 28.80, 28.25, 28.00. M.p. 100.4~100.6°C.

Compound 1-IV (1.0 kg, 4.196 mol) was dissolved in a mixture of 1 ,4-dioxane (8.0 L) and water (2.0 L). To the reaction mixture were added lithium hydroxide monohydrate (0.314 kg, 4.191), Raney-nickel (0.4 kg, 2.334 mol), and 10% palladium on carbon (0.46 kg, 0.216 mol) as a 50% suspension in water. The reaction mixture was stirred under hydrogen atmosphere at 5O⁰C for 20 hours. After the catalysts were removed by filtration and the solvents were removed in vacuum, a mixture of water (1.0 L) and CH₂Cl₂ (0.3 L) was added. After phase separation, the organic phase was washed with water (1.0 L) and concentrated to give £rα/?s-(4-aminomethyl- cyclohexylmethyl)-carbamic acid tert- butyl ester (compound 1-V, 0.97 kg, 95%) as pale yellow thick oil. R_f = 0.20 (MeOH/EtOAc = 9/1). LC-MS m/e 243, M+H⁺. ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 4.67 (brs, IH), 2.93 (t, J= 6.3 Hz, 2H), 2.48 (d, J= 6.3 Hz, 2H), 1.73-1.78 (m, 4H), 1.40 (s, 9H), 1.35 (brs, 3H), 1.19-1.21 (m, IH), 0.77-0.97 (m, 4H). ¹³C NMR (75 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 155.85, 78.33, 48.27, 46.38, 40.80, 38.19, 29.87, 29.76, 28.07. A solution of compound 1-V (806 g) and Et₃N (1010 g, 3 eq) in 1-pentanol

(2.7 L) was treated with compound 1-VI, 540 g, 1 eq) at 90⁰C for 15 hours. TLC showed that the reaction was completed. Ethyl acetate (1.5 L) was added to the reaction mixture at 25°C. The solution was stirred for 1 hour. The Et₃NHCl salt was filtered. The filtrate was then concentrated to 1.5 L (1/6 of original volume) by vacuum at 50⁰C. Then, diethyl ether (2.5 L) was added to the concentrated solution to afford the desired product 1-VII (841 g, 68% yield) after filtration at 25⁰C .

A solution of intermediate 1-VII (841 g) was treated with 4 N HCl/dioxane (2.7 L) in MeOH (8.1 L) and stirred at 25°C for 15 hours. TLC showed that the reaction was completed. The mixture was concentrated to 1.5 L (1/7 of original volume) by vacuum at 50⁰C. Then, diethyl ether (5 L) was added to the solution slowly, and HCl salt of 1-VIII (774 g) was formed, filtered, and dried under vacuum (<10 torr). For neutralization, K₂CO3 (2.5 kg, 8 eq) was added to the solution of HCl salt of 1-VIII in MeOH (17 L) at 25°C. The mixture was stirred at the same temperature for 3 hours (pH > 12) and filtered (estimated amount of 1-VIII in the filtrate is 504 g). Aldehyde 1-IX (581 g, 1.0 eq based on mole of 1-VII) was added to the filtrate of 1-VIII at 0-10⁰C. The reaction was stirred at 0-10⁰C for 3 hours. TLC showed that the reaction was completed. Then, NaBH₄ (81 g, 1.0 eq based on mole of 1-VII) was added at less than 10⁰C and the solution was stirred at 10-15⁰C for Ih. The solution was concentrated to get a residue, which then treated with CH₂Cl₂ (15 L). The mixture was washed with saturated aq. NH₄Cl solution (300 mL) diluted with H₂O (1.2 L). The CH₂Cl₂ layer was concentrated and the residue was purified by chromatography on silica gel (short column, EtOAc as mobile phase for removing other components; MeOH/28% NH₄OH = 97/3 as mobile phase for collecting 1-X) afforded crude 1-X (841 g). Then Et₃N (167 g, leq) and BoC₂O (360 g, leq) were added to the solution of

1-X (841 g) in CH₂Cl₂ (8.4 L) at 25°C. The mixture was stirred at 25°C for 15 hours. After the reaction was completed as evidenced by TLC, the solution was concentrated and EtOAc (5 L) was added to the resultant residue. The solution was concentrated to 3L (1/2 of the original volume) under low pressure at 50⁰C. Then, n-hexane (3 L) was added to the concentrated solution. The solid product formed at 50⁰C by seeding to afford the desired crude product 1-XI (600 g, 60% yield) after filtration and evaporation. To compound 1-XI (120.0 g) and piperazine (1-XII, 50.0 g, 3 eq) in 1- pentanol (360 niL) was added Et₃N (60.0 g, 3.0 eq) at 25°C. The mixture was stirred at 120⁰C for 8 hours. Ethyl acetate (480 mL) was added to the reaction mixture at 25°C. The solution was stirred for Ih. The Et₃NHCl salt was filtered and the solution was concentrated and purified by silica gel (EtOAc/MeOH = 2:8) to afforded 1-XIII (96 g) in a 74% yield.

A solution of intermediate 1-XIII (100 mg) was treated with 4 N HCl/dioxane (2 mL) in CH₂Cl₂ (1 mL) and stirred at 25°C for 15 hours. The mixture was concentrated to give hydrochloride salt of compound 1 (51 mg). CI-MS (M⁺ + 1): 459.4

Example 2: Preparation of Compound 2

Compound 2 Intermediate 1-XIII was prepared as described in Example 1.

To a solution of 1-XIII (120 g) in MeOH (2.4 L) were added diethyl vinyl phosphonate (2-1, 45 g, 1.5 eq) at 25°C. The mixture was stirred under 65°C for 24 hours. TLC and HPLC showed that the reaction was completed. The solution was concentrated and purified by silica gel (MeOH/CH₂Cl₂ = 8/92) to get 87 g of 2-11 (53% yield, purity > 98%, each single impurity <1%) after analyzing the purity of the product by HPLC.

A solution of 20% TFA/CH₂C1₂ (36 mL) was added to a solution of intermediate 2-11 (1.8 g) in CH₂Cl₂ (5 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred for 15 hours at room temperature and concentrated by removing the solvent to afford trifluoracetic acid salt of compound 2 (1.3 g). CI-MS (M⁺ + 1): 623.1

Example 3 : Preparation of Compound 3

TMSBr _H H

s U

Intermediate 2-11 was prepared as described in Example 2. To a solution of 2-11 (300 g) in CH₂Cl₂ (1800 mL) was added TMSBr (450 g, 8 eq) at 10-15⁰C for 1 hour. The mixture was stirred at 25°C for 15 hours. The solution was concentrated to remove TMSBr and solvent under vacuum at 40⁰C.

CH₂Cl₂ was added to the mixture to dissolve the residue. TMSBr and solvent were removed under vacuum again to obtain 36O g crude solid after drying under vacuum (<1 torr) for 3 hours. Then, the crude solid was washed with 7.5 L IPA/MeOH (9/1) to afford compound 3 (280 g) after filtration and drying at 25°C under vacuum (<1 torr) for 3 hours. Crystallization by EtOH gave hydrobromide salt of compound 3 (19Og). CI-MS (M⁺ + 1): 567.0.

The hydrobromide salt of compound 3 (5.27 g) was dissolved in 20 mL water and treated with concentrated aqueous ammonia (pH=9-10), and the mixture was evaporated in vacuo. The residue in water (30 mL) was applied onto a column (100 mL, 4.5×8 cm) of Dowex 50WX8 (H⁺ form, 100-200 mesh) and eluted (elution rate, 6 mL/min). Elution was performed with water (2000 mL) and then with 0.2 M aqueous ammonia. The UV-absorbing ammonia eluate was evaporated to dryness to afford ammonia salt of compound 3 (2.41 g). CI-MS (M⁺ + 1): 567.3.

The ammonia salt of compound 3 (1.5 g) was dissolved in water (8 mL) and alkalified with concentrated aqueous ammonia (pH=l 1), and the mixture solution was applied onto a column (75 mL, 3×14 cm) of Dowex 1X2 (acetate form, 100-200 mesh) and eluted (elution rate, 3 mL/min). Elution was performed with water (900 mL) and then with 0.1 M acetic acid. The UV-absorbing acetic acid eluate was evaporated, and the residue was codistilled with water (5×50 mL) to afford compound 3 (1.44 g). CI-MS (M⁺ + 1): 567.4. Example 4: Preparation of Compound 4

Compound 4

Intermediate 1-XIII was obtained during the preparation of compound 1. To a solution of diethyl vinyl phosphonate (4-1, 4 g) in CH₂Cl₂ (120 mL) was added oxalyl chloride (15.5 g, 5 eq) and the mixture was stirred at 30⁰C for 36 hours. The mixture were concentrated under vacuum on a rotatory evaporated to give quantitatively the corresponding phosphochloridate, which was added to a mixture of cyclohexyl amine (4-II, 5.3 g, 2.2 eq), CH₂Cl₂ (40 mL), and Et₃N (6.2 g, 2.5 eq). The mixture was stirred at 35°C for 36 hours, and then was washed with water. The organic layer was dried (MgSO₄), filtered, and evaporated to afford 4-III (4.7 g, 85% yield) as brown oil.

Compound 4-III (505 mg) was added to a solution of intermediate 1-XIII (500 mg) in MeOH (4 mL). The solution was stirred at 45°C for 24 hours. The solution was concentrated and the residue was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (EtOAc/ MeOH = 4: 1) to afford intermediate 4-IV (420 mg) in a 63% yield.

A solution of HCl in ether (5 mL) was added to a solution of intermediate 4- IV (420 mg) in CH₂Cl₂ (1.0 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred for 12 hours at room temperature and concentrated by removing the solvent. The resultant residue was washed with ether to afford hydrochloride salt of compound 4 (214 mg). CI-MS (M⁺ + 1): 595.1

Preparation of compound 51

TMSBr

Intermediate l-II was prepared as described in Example 1. To a suspension of the intermediate l-II (31.9 g) in toluene (150 mL) were added phosphorazidic acid diphenyl ester (51-1, 32.4 g) and Et₃N (11.9 g) at 25°C for 1 hour. The reaction mixture was stirred at 80⁰C for 3 hours and then cooled to 25°C. After benzyl alcohol (51-11, 20 g) was added, the reaction mixture was stirred at 80⁰C for additional 3 hours and then warmed to 120⁰C overnight. It was then concentrated and dissolved again in EtOAc and H₂O. The organic layer was collected. The aqueous layer was extracted with EtOAc. The combined organic layers were washed with 2.5 N HCl, saturated aqueous NaHCO₃ and brine, dried over anhydrous MgSO₄, filtered, and concentrated. The residue thus obtained was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (EtOAc/Hexane = 1 :2) to give Intermediate 51-111 (35 g) in a 79% yield. A solution of intermediate 51-111 (35 g) treated with 4 N HCl/dioxane (210 rnL) in MeOH (350 mL) was stirred at room temperature overnight. After ether (700 mL) was added, the solution was filtered. The solid was dried under vacuum. K2CO3 was added to a suspension of this solid in CH₃CN and ώo-propanol at room temperature for 10 minutes. After water was added, the reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 hours, filtered, dried over anhydrous MgSO₄, and concentrated. The resultant residue was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (using CH₂Cl₂ and MeOH as an eluant) to give intermediate 51-IV (19 g) in a 76% yield. Intermediate 1-IX (21 g) was added to a solution of intermediate 51-IV (19 g) in CH₂Cl₂ (570 mL). The mixture was stirred at 25°C for 2 hours. NaBH(OAc)₃ (23 g) was then added at 25°C overnight. After the solution was concentrated, a saturated aqueous NaHCO₃ solution was added to the resultant residue. The mixture was then extracted with CH₂Cl₂. The solution was concentrated and the residue was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (using EtOAc and MeOH as an eluant) to afford intermediate 51-V (23.9 g) in a 66% yield.

A solution of intermediate 51-V (23.9 g) and BoC₂O (11.4 g) in CH₂Cl₂ (200 mL) was added to Et₃N (5.8 mL) at 25°C for overnight. The solution was then concentrated and the resultant residue was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (using EtOAc and Hexane as an eluant) to give intermediate 51-VI (22 g) in a 77% yield.

10% Pd/C (2.2 g) was added to a suspension of intermediate 51-VI (22 g) in MeOH (44 mL). The mixture was stirred at ambient temperature under hydrogen atmosphere overnight, filtered, and concentrated. The residue thus obtained was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (using EtOAc and MeOH as an eluant) to afford intermediate 51-VII (16.5 g) in a 97% yield.

Intermediate 51-VII (16.5 g) and Et₃N (4.4 mL) in 1-pentanol (75 mL) was allowed to react with 2,4-dichloro-6-aminopyrimidine (1-VI, 21 g) at 120⁰C overnight. The solvent was then removed and the residue was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (using EtOAc and hexane as an eluant) to afford intermediate 51-VIII (16.2 g) in a 77% yield.

A solution of intermediate 51-VIII (16.2 g) and piperazine (1-XII, 11.7 g) in 1-pentanol (32 mL) was added to Et₃N (3.3 mL) at 120⁰C overnight. After the solution was concentrated, the residue was treated with water and extracted with CH₂Cl₂. The organic layer was collected and concentrated. The residue thus obtained was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (using EtOAc/ MeOH to 28% NH₄0H/Me0H as an eluant) to afford Intermediate 51-IX (13.2 g) in a 75% yield. Diethyl vinyl phosphonate (2-1) was treated with 51-IX as described in

Example 3 to afford hydrobromide salt of compound 51. CI-MS (M⁺ + 1): 553.3

………………………………….

Preparation of Compound 1

Water (10.0 L) and (Boc)₂O (3.33 kgg, 15.3 mol) were added to a solution of trans-4-aminomethyl-cyclohexanecarboxylic acid (compound 1-I, 2.0 kg, 12.7 mol) and sodium bicarbonate (2.67 kg, 31.8 mol). The reaction mixture was stirred at ambient temperature for 18 hours. The aqueous layer was acidified with concentrated hydrochloric acid (2.95 L, pH=2) and then filtered. The resultant solid was collected, washed three times with water (15 L), and dried in a hot box (60° C.) to give trans-4-(tert-butoxycarbonylamino-methyl)-cyclo-hexanecarboxylic acid (Compound 1-II, 3.17 kg, 97%) as a white solid. R_f=0.58 (EtOAc). LC-MS m/e 280 (M+Na⁺). ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 4.58 (brs, 1H), 2.98 (t, J=6.3 Hz, 2H), 2.25 (td, J=12, 3.3 Hz, 1H), 2.04 (d, J=11.1 Hz, 2H), 1.83 (d, J=11.1 Hz, 2H), 1.44 (s, 9H), 1.35˜1.50 (m, 3H), 0.89˜1.03 (m, 2H). ¹³C NMR (75 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 181.31, 156.08, 79.12, 46.41, 42.99, 37.57, 29.47, 28.29, 27.96. M.p. 134.8˜135.0° C.

A suspension of compound 1-II (1.0 kg, 3.89 mol) in THF (5 L) was cooled at 10° C. and triethyl amine (1.076 L, 7.78 mol) and ethyl chloroformate (0.441 L, 4.47 mol) were added below 10° C. The reaction mixture was stirred at ambient temperature for 3 hours. The reaction mixture was then cooled at 10° C. again and NH₄OH (3.6 L, 23.34 mol) was added below 10° C. The reaction mixture was stirred at ambient temperature for 18 hours and filtered. The solid was collected and washed three times with water (10 L) and dried in a hot box (60° C.) to give trans-4-(tert-butoxycarbonyl-amino-methyl)-cyclohexanecarboxylic acid amide (Compound 1-III, 0.8 kg, 80%) as a white solid. R_f=0.23 (EtOAc). LC-MS m/e 279, M+Na⁺. ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CD₃OD) δ 6.63 (brs, 1H), 2.89 (t, J=6.3 Hz, 2H), 2.16 (td, J=12.2, 3.3 Hz, 1H), 1.80˜1.89 (m, 4H), 1.43 (s, 9H), 1.37˜1.51 (m, 3H), 0.90˜1.05 (m, 2H). ¹³C NMR (75 MHz, CD₃OD) δ 182.26, 158.85, 79.97, 47.65, 46.02, 39.28, 31.11, 30.41, 28.93. M.p. 221.6˜222.0° C.

A suspension of compound 1-III (1.2 kg, 4.68 mol) in CH₂Cl₂ (8 L) was cooled at 10° C. and triethyl amine (1.3 L, 9.36 mol) and trifluoroacetic anhydride (0.717 L, 5.16 mol) were added below 10° C. The reaction mixture was stirred for 3 hours. After water (2.0 L) was added, the organic layer was separated and washed with water (3.0 L) twice. The organic layer was then passed through silica gel and concentrated. The resultant oil was crystallized by methylene chloride. The crystals were washed with hexane to give trans-(4-cyano-cyclohexylmethyl)-carbamic acid tent-butyl ester (Compound 1-IV, 0.95 kg, 85%) as a white crystal. R_f=0.78 (EtOAc). LC-MS m/e 261, M+Na⁺. ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 4.58 (brs, 1H), 2.96 (t, J=6.3 Hz, 2H), 2.36 (td, J=12, 3.3 Hz, 1H), 2.12 (dd, J=13.3, 3.3 Hz, 2H), 1.83 (dd, J=13.8, 2.7 Hz, 2H), 1.42 (s, 9H), 1.47˜1.63 (m, 3H), 0.88˜1.02 (m, 2H). ¹³C NMR (75 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 155.96, 122.41, 79.09, 45.89, 36.92, 29.06, 28.80, 28.25, 28.00. M.p. 100.4˜100.6° C.

Compound 1-IV (1.0 kg, 4.196 mol) was dissolved in a mixture of 1,4-dioxane (8.0 L) and water (2.0 L). To the reaction mixture were added lithium hydroxide monohydrate (0.314 kg, 4.191), Raney-nickel (0.4 kg, 2.334 mol), and 10% palladium on carbon (0.46 kg, 0.216 mol) as a 50% suspension in water. The reaction mixture was stirred under hydrogen atmosphere at 50° C. for 20 hours. After the catalysts were removed by filtration and the solvents were removed in vacuum, a mixture of water (1.0 L) and CH₂Cl₂ (0.3 L) was added. After phase separation, the organic phase was washed with water (1.0 L) and concentrated to give trans-(4-aminomethyl-cyclohexylmethyl)-carbamic acid tert-butyl ester (compound 1-V, 0.97 kg, 95%) as pale yellow thick oil. R_f=0.20 (MeOH/EtOAc=9/1). LC-MS m/e 243, M+H⁺. ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 4.67 (brs, 1H), 2.93 (t, J=6.3 Hz, 2H), 2.48 (d, J=6.3 Hz, 2H), 1.73˜1.78 (m, 4H), 1.40 (s, 9H), 1.35 (brs, 3H), 1.19˜1.21 (m, 1H), 0.77˜0.97 (m, 4H). ¹³C NMR (75 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 155.85, 78.33, 48.27, 46.38, 40.80, 38.19, 29.87, 29.76, 28.07.

A solution of compound 1-V (806 g) and Et₃N (1010 g, 3 eq) in 1-pentanol (2.7 L) was treated with compound 1-VI, 540 g, 1 eq) at 90° C. for 15 hours. TLC showed that the reaction was completed.

Ethyl acetate (1.5 L) was added to the reaction mixture at 25° C. The solution was stirred for 1 hour. The Et₃NHCl salt was filtered. The filtrate was then concentrated to 1.5 L (1/6 of original volume) by vacuum at 50° C. Then, diethyl ether (2.5 L) was added to the concentrated solution to afford the desired product 1-VII (841 g, 68% yield) after filtration at 25° C.

A solution of intermediate 1-VII (841 g) was treated with 4 N HCl/dioxane (2.7 L) in MeOH (8.1 L) and stirred at 25° C. for 15 hours. TLC showed that the reaction was completed. The mixture was concentrated to 1.5 L (1/7 of original volume) by vacuum at 50° C. Then, diethyl ether (5 L) was added to the solution slowly, and HCl salt of 1-VIII (774 g) was formed, filtered, and dried under vacuum (<10 ton). For neutralization, K₂CO₃ (2.5 kg, 8 eq) was added to the solution of HCl salt of 1-VIII in MeOH (17 L) at 25° C. The mixture was stirred at the same temperature for 3 hours (pH>12) and filtered (estimated amount of 1-VIII in the filtrate is 504 g).

Aldehyde 1-IX (581 g, 1.0 eq based on mole of 1-VII) was added to the filtrate of 1-VIII at 0-10° C. The reaction was stirred at 0-10° C. for 3 hours. TLC showed that the reaction was completed. Then, NaBH₄ (81 g, 1.0 eq based on mole of 1-VII) was added at less than 10° C. and the solution was stirred at 10-15° C. for 1 h. The solution was concentrated to get a residue, which then treated with CH₂Cl₂ (15 L). The mixture was washed with saturated aq. NH₄Cl solution (300 mL) diluted with H₂O (1.2 L). The CH₂Cl₂ layer was concentrated and the residue was purified by chromatography on silica gel (short column, EtOAc as mobile phase for removing other components; MeOH/28% NH₄OH=97/3 as mobile phase for collecting 1-X) afforded crude 1-X (841 g).

Then Et₃N (167 g, 1 eq) and Boc₂O (360 g, 1 eq) were added to the solution of 1-X (841 g) in CH₂Cl₂ (8.4 L) at 25° C. The mixture was stirred at 25° C. for 15 hours. After the reaction was completed as evidenced by TLC, the solution was concentrated and EtOAc (5 L) was added to the resultant residue. The solution was concentrated to 3 L (1/2 of the original volume) under low pressure at 50° C. Then, n-hexane (3 L) was added to the concentrated solution. The solid product formed at 50° C. by seeding to afford the desired crude product 1-XI (600 g, 60% yield) after filtration and evaporation.

To compound 1-XI (120.0 g) and piperazine (1-XII, 50.0 g, 3 eq) in 1-pentanol (360 mL) was added Et₃N (60.0 g, 3.0 eq) at 25° C. The mixture was stirred at 120° C. for 8 hours. Ethyl acetate (480 mL) was added to the reaction mixture at 25° C. The solution was stirred for 1 h. The Et₃NHCl salt was filtered and the solution was concentrated and purified by silica gel (EtOAc/MeOH=2:8) to afforded 1-XIII (96 g) in a 74% yield.

To a solution of 1-XIII (120 g) in MeOH (2.4 L) were added diethyl vinyl phosphonate (1-XIV, 45 g, 1.5 eq) at 25° C. The mixture was stirred under 65° C. for 24 hours. TLC and HPLC showed that the reaction was completed. The solution was concentrated and purified by silica gel (MeOH/CH₂Cl₂=8/92) to get 87 g of 1-XV (53% yield, purity>98%, each single impurity<1%) after analyzing the purity of the product by HPLC.

A solution of 20% TFA/CH₂Cl₂ (36 mL) was added to a solution of intermediate 1-XV (1.8 g) in CH₂Cl₂ (5 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred for 15 hours at room temperature and concentrated by removing the solvent to afford trifluoracetic acid salt of compound 1 (1.3 g).

CI-MS (M⁺+1): 623.1.

(2) Preparation of Compound 2

Intermediate 1-XV was prepared as described in Example 1.

To a solution of 1-XV (300 g) in CH₂Cl₂ (1800 mL) was added TMSBr (450 g, 8 eq) at 10-15° C. for 1 hour. The mixture was stirred at 25° C. for 15 hours. The solution was concentrated to remove TMSBr and solvent under vacuum at 40° C. CH₂Cl₂ was added to the mixture to dissolve the residue. TMSBr and solvent were removed under vacuum again to obtain 360 g crude solid after drying under vacuum (<1 torr) for 3 hours. Then, the crude solid was washed with 7.5 L IPA/MeOH (9/1) to afford compound 2 (280 g) after filtration and drying at 25° C. under vacuum (<1 ton) for 3 hours. Crystallization by EtOH gave hydrobromide salt of compound 2 (190 g). CI-MS (M⁺+1): 567.0.

The hydrobromide salt of compound 2 (5.27 g) was dissolved in 20 mL water and treated with concentrated aqueous ammonia (pH=9-10), and the mixture was evaporated in vacuo. The residue in water (30 mL) was applied onto a column (100 mL, 4.5×8 cm) of Dowex 50WX8 (H⁺ form, 100-200 mesh) and eluted (elution rate, 6 mL/min). Elution was performed with water (2000 mL) and then with 0.2 M aqueous ammonia. The UV-absorbing ammonia eluate was evaporated to dryness to afford ammonia salt of compound 2 (2.41 g). CI-MS (M⁺+1): 567.3.

The ammonia salt of compound 2 (1.5 g) was dissolved in water (8 mL) and alkalified with concentrated aqueous ammonia (pH=11), and the mixture solution was applied onto a column (75 mL, 3×14 cm) of Dowex 1×2 (acetate form, 100-200 mesh) and eluted (elution rate, 3 mL/min). Elution was performed with water (900 mL) and then with 0.1 M acetic acid. The UV-absorbing acetic acid eluate was evaporated, and the residue was codistilled with water (5×50 mL) to afford compound 2 (1.44 g). CI-MS (M⁺+1): 567.4.

(3) Preparation of Compound 3

Intermediate 1-XIII was obtained during the preparation of compound 1.

To a solution of diethyl vinyl phosphonate (3-I, 4 g) in CH₂Cl₂ (120 mL) was added oxalyl chloride (15.5 g, 5 eq) and the mixture was stirred at 30° C. for 36 hours. The mixture were concentrated under vacuum on a rotatory evaporated to give quantitatively the corresponding phosphochloridate, which was added to a mixture of cyclohexyl amine (3-II, 5.3 g, 2.2 eq), CH₂Cl₂ (40 mL), and Et₃N (6.2 g, 2.5 eq). The mixture was stirred at 35° C. for 36 hours, and then was washed with water. The organic layer was dried (MgSO₄), filtered, and evaporated to afford 3-III (4.7 g, 85% yield) as brown oil.

Compound 3-III (505 mg) was added to a solution of intermediate 1-XIII (500 mg) in MeOH (4 mL). The solution was stirred at 45° C. for 24 hours. The solution was concentrated and the residue was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (EtOAc/MeOH=4:1) to afford intermediate 3-IV (420 mg) in a 63% yield.

A solution of HCl in ether (5 mL) was added to a solution of intermediate 3-IV (420 mg) in CH₂Cl₂ (1.0 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred for 12 hours at room temperature and concentrated by removing the solvent. The resultant residue was washed with ether to afford hydrochloride salt of compound 3 (214 mg).

CI-MS (M⁺+1): 595.1.

(4) Preparation of Compound 4

Compound 4 was prepared in the same manner as that described in Example 2 except that sodium 2-bromoethanesulfonate in the presence of Et₃N in DMF at 45° C. was used instead of diethyl vinyl phosphonate. Deportations of amino-protecting group by hydrochloride to afford hydrochloride salt of compound 4.

CI-MS (M⁺+1): 567.3

(5) Preparation of Compound 5

Compound 5 was prepared in the same manner as that described in Example 2 except that diethyl-1-bromopropylphosphonate in the presence of K₂CO₃ in CH₃CN was used instead of diethyl vinyl phosphonate.

CI-MS (M⁺+1): 581.4

(6) Preparation of Compound 6

Compound 6 was prepared in the same manner as that described in Example 5 except that 1,4-diaza-spiro[5.5]undecane dihydrochloride was used instead of piperazine.

CI-MS (M⁺+1): 649.5

(7) Preparation of Compound 7

Intermediate 1-II was prepared as described in Example 1.

To a suspension of the intermediate 1-II (31.9 g) in toluene (150 mL) were added phosphorazidic acid diphenyl ester (7-I, 32.4 g) and Et₃N (11.9 g) at 25° C. for 1 hour. The reaction mixture was stirred at 80° C. for 3 hours and then cooled to 25° C. After benzyl alcohol (7-II, 20 g) was added, the reaction mixture was stirred at 80° C. for additional 3 hours and then warmed to 120° C. overnight. It was then concentrated and dissolved again in EtOAc and H₂O. The organic layer was collected. The aqueous layer was extracted with EtOAc. The combined organic layers were washed with 2.5 N HCl, saturated aqueous NaHCO₃ and brine, dried over anhydrous MgSO₄, filtered, and concentrated. The residue thus obtained was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (EtOAc/Hexane=1:2) to give Intermediate 7-III (35 g) in a 79% yield.

A solution of intermediate 7-III (35 g) treated with 4 N HCl/dioxane (210 mL) in MeOH (350 mL) was stirred at room temperature overnight. After ether (700 mL) was added, the solution was filtered. The solid was dried under vacuum. K₂CO₃ was added to a suspension of this solid in CH₃CN and iso-propanol at room temperature for 10 minutes. After water was added, the reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 hours, filtered, dried over anhydrous MgSO₄, and concentrated. The resultant residue was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (using CH₂Cl₂ and MeOH as an eluant) to give intermediate 7-IV (19 g) in a 76% yield.

Intermediate 1-IX (21 g) was added to a solution of intermediate 7-IV (19 g) in CH₂Cl₂ (570 mL). The mixture was stirred at 25° C. for 2 hours. NaBH(OAc)₃ (23 g) was then added at 25° C. overnight. After the solution was concentrated, a saturated aqueous NaHCO₃ solution was added to the resultant residue. The mixture was then extracted with CH₂Cl₂. The solution was concentrated and the residue was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (using EtOAc and MeOH as an eluant) to afford intermediate 7-V (23.9 g) in a 66% yield.

A solution of intermediate 7-V (23.9 g) and Boc₂O (11.4 g) in CH₂Cl₂ (200 mL) was added to Et₃N (5.8 mL) at 25° C. for overnight. The solution was then concentrated and the resultant residue was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (using EtOAc and Hexane as an eluant) to give intermediate 7-VI (22 g) in a 77% yield. 10% Pd/C (2.2 g) was added to a suspension of intermediate 7-VI (22 g) in MeOH (44 mL). The mixture was stirred at ambient temperature under hydrogen atmosphere overnight, filtered, and concentrated. The residue thus obtained was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (using EtOAc and MeOH as an eluant) to afford intermediate 7-VII (16.5 g) in a 97% yield.

Intermediate 7-VII (16.5 g) and Et₃N (4.4 mL) in 1-pentanol (75 mL) was allowed to react with 2,4-dichloro-6-aminopyrimidine (1-VI, 21 g) at 120° C. overnight. The solvent was then removed and the residue was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (using EtOAc and hexane as an eluant) to afford intermediate 7-VIII (16.2 g) in a 77% yield.

A solution of intermediate 7-VIII (16.2 g) and piperazine (1-XII, 11.7 g) in 1-pentanol (32 mL) was added to Et₃N (3.3 mL) at 120° C. overnight. After the solution was concentrated, the residue was treated with water and extracted with CH₂Cl₂. The organic layer was collected and concentrated. The residue thus obtained was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (using EtOAc/MeOH to 28% NH₄OH/MeOH as an eluant) to afford Intermediate 7-IX (13.2 g) in a 75% yield.

Diethyl vinyl phosphonate (2-I) was treated with 7-IX as described in Example 3 to afford hydrobromide salt of compound 7.

CI-MS (M⁺+1): 553.3

(8) Preparation of Compound 8

Cis-1,4-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid (8-I, 10 g) in THF (100 ml) was added oxalyl chloride (8-II, 15.5 g) at 0° C. and then DMF (few drops). The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 15 hours. The solution was concentrated and the residue was dissolved in THF (100 ml). The mixture solution was added to ammonium hydroxide (80 ml) and stirred for 1 hour. The solution was concentrated and filtration to afford crude product 8-III (7.7 g).

Compound 8-III (7.7 g) in THF (200 ml) was slowly added to LiAlH₄ (8.6 g) in THF (200 ml) solution at 0° C. The mixture solution was stirred at 65° C. for 15 hours. NaSO₄.10H₂O was added at room temperature and stirred for 1 hours. The resultant mixture was filtered to get filtrate and concentrated. The residue was dissolved in CH₂Cl₂ (100 ml). Et₃N (27 g) and (Boc)₂O (10 g) were added at room temperature. The solution was stirred for 15 h, and then concentrated to get resultant residue. Ether was added to the resultant residue. Filtration and drying under vacuum afforded solid crude product 8-IV (8.8 g).

A solution of compound 8-IV (1.1 g) and Et₃N (1.7 g) in 1-pentanol (10 ml) was reacted with 2,4-dichloro-6-aminopyrimidine (1-VI, 910 mg) at 90° C. for 15 hours. TLC showed that the reaction was completed. Ethyl acetate (10 mL) was added to the reaction mixture at 25° C. The solution was stirred for 1 hour. The Et₃NHCl salt was removed. The filtrate was concentrated and purified by silica gel (EtOAc/Hex=1:2) to afford the desired product 8-V (1.1 g, 65% yield).

A solution of intermediate 8-V (1.1 g) was treated with 4 N HCl/dioxane (10 ml) in MeOH (10 ml) and stirred at 25° C. for 15 hours. TLC showed that the reaction was completed. The mixture was concentrated, filtered, and dried under vacuum (<10 ton). For neutralization, K₂CO₃ (3.2 g) was added to the solution of HCl salt in MeOH (20 ml) at 25° C. The mixture was stirred at the same temperature for 3 hours (pH>12) and filtered. Aldehyde 1-IX (759 mg) was added to the filtrate at 0-10° C. The reaction was stirred at 0-10° C. for 3 hours. TLC showed that the reaction was completed. Then, NaBH₄ (112 mg) was added at less than 10° C. and the solution was stirred at 10-15° C. for 1 hour. The solution was concentrated to get a residue, which was then treated with CH₂Cl₂ (10 mL). The mixture was washed with saturated NH₄Cl (aq) solution. The CH₂Cl₂ layer was concentrated and the residue was purified by chromatography on silica gel (MeOH/28% NH₄OH=97/3) to afford intermediate 8-VI (1.0 g, 66% yield).

Et₃N (600 mg) and Boc₂O (428 mg) were added to the solution of 8-VI (1.0 g) in CH₂Cl₂ (10 ml) at 25° C. The mixture was stirred at 25° C. for 15 hours. TLC showed that the reaction was completed. The solution was concentrated and purified by chromatography on silica gel (EtOAc/Hex=1:1) to afford intermediate 8-VII (720 mg, 60% yield).

To a solution compound 8-VII (720 mg) and piperazine (1-XII, 1.22 g) in 1-pentanol (10 mL) was added Et₃N (1.43 g) at 25° C. The mixture was stirred at 120° C. for 24 hours. TLC showed that the reaction was completed. Ethyl acetate (20 mL) was added at 25° C. The solution was stirred for 1 hour. The Et₃NHCl salt was removed and the solution was concentrated and purified by silica gel (EtOAc/MeOH=2:8) to afford 8-VIII (537 mg) in 69% yield.

To a solution of 8-VIII (537 mg) in MeOH (11 ml) was added diethyl vinyl phosphonate (2-I, 201 mg) at 25° C. The mixture was stirred under 65° C. for 24 hours. TLC and HPLC showed that the reaction was completed. The solution was concentrated and purified by silica gel (MeOH/CH₂Cl₂=1:9) to get 8-IX (380 mg) in a 57% yield.

To a solution of 8-IX (210 mg) in CH₂Cl₂ (5 ml) was added TMSBr (312 mg) at 10-15° C. for 1 hour. The mixture was stirred at 25° C. for 15 hours. The solution was concentrated to remove TMSBr and solvent under vacuum at 40° C., then, CH₂Cl₂ was added to dissolve the residue. Then TMSBr and solvent were further removed under vacuum and CH₂Cl₂ was added for four times repeatedly. The solution was concentrated to get hydrobromide salt of compound 8 (190 mg).

CI-MS (M⁺+1): 566.9

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