Home » Posts tagged 'PATENT'
Tag Archives: PATENT
Lupin Ltd, Patent, Pitavastatin, WO2014203045
Lupin Ltd, Patent, Pitavastatin, WO2014203045
A NOVEL, GREEN AND COST EFFECTIVE PROCESS FOR SYNTHESIS OF TERT-BUTYL (3R,5S)-6-OXO-3,5-DIHYDROXY-3,5-O-ISOPROPYLIDENE-HEXANOATE
ROY, Bhairabnath; (IN).
SINGH, Girij, Pal; (IN).
LATHI, Piyush, Suresh; (IN).
AGRAWAL, Manoj, Kunjabihari; (IN).
MITRA, Rangan; (IN).
TRIVEDI, Anurag; (IN).
PISE, Vijay, Sadashiv; (IN).
RUPANWAR, Manoj; (IN)
The present invention describes an eco-friendly and cost effective process for the synthesis of teri-butyl (3R,5S)-6-oxo-3,5-dihydroxy-3,5-0-isopropylidene-hexanoate [I]
PITAVASTATIN
TEXT
tert-b tyl (3R,5S)-6-oxo-3,5-dihydroxy-3,5-0-isopropylidene-hexanoate [I] [CAS No. 124752-23-4] is key intermediate for the preparation of statins such as Atorvastatin (Tetrahedron 63, 2007, 8124 -8134), Cerivastatin (Journal of Labeled Compounds and Radiopharmaceuticals, 49, 2006 311-319), Fluvastatin [WO2007125547; US 4739073], Pitavastatin [WO2007/132482; US2012/22102 Al, WO2010/77062 A2; WO2012/63254 Al ; EP 304063; Tetrahedron Letters, 1993, 34, 513 – 516; Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan, 1995, 68, 364 – 372] and Rosuvastatin [WO2007/125547 A2; WO2011/132172 Al ; EP 521471]. Statins are used for treatment of hypercholesterolemia, which reduces the LDL cholesterol levels by inhibiting activity of HMG-CoA reductase enzyme, which is involved in the synthesis of cholesterol in liver.
[I]
Compound [I] is generally obtained by various methods of oxidation of teri-butyl 2- ((4R,65)-6-(hydroxymethyl)-2,2-dimethyl-l,3-dioxan-4-yl)acetate [compound II] and are discussed in details hereinafter. In addition, various methods for synthesis of compound [II] are also elaborated below.
[II]
[II]
A) tert-butyl2-((4«,6.S)-6-(hydroxymethyl)-2,2-dimethyl-l,3-dioxan-4-yl)acetate
[compound II]
US patent Number 5278313 describes a process for synthesis of compound [II]
(Schemel). In the said process, (5)-methyl 4-chloro-3-hydroxybutanoate has been obtained in only 70% yield through whole cell enzymatic reduction of methyl 4-chloro-3- oxobutanoate, which has a necessity of special equipment such as fermenters as well as other microbial facilities such as sterile area, autoclaves, incubator for growing seed culture, etc.
(S)-mefhyl 4-chloro-3-hydroxybutanoate upon reaction with teri-butyl acetate in presence of LiHMDS or LDA at -78°C, yielded (S)-ieri-butyl 6-chloro-5-hydroxy-3- oxohexanoate, which was further transformed to corresponding diol through syn selective reduction in presence of methoxydiethyl borane/sodium borohydride at -78°C. The diol thus obtained was converted to compound [II] .
The overall yield for this process is low and required special equipment such as fermenters, etc and in addition to that, this process is not cost effective due to use of costly reagent such as methoxydiethyl borane.
Moreover, methoxydiethylborane is highly pyrophoric (Encyclopedia for organic synthesis, editor in chief L. Paquette; 2, 5304; Published by John and Wiley Sons;
Organic Process Research & Development 2006, 10, 1292-1295) and hence safety is a major concern.
Scheme 1
EP 1282719 B l (PCT application WO 01/85975 Al ) discloses a process for synthesis of compound ( R, 5S)-tert-bv y\ 3,5,6-trihydroxyhexanoate from (S)-tert-b tyl-5,6-dihydroxy-3-oxohexanoate through a) asymmetric hydrogenation in presence of a chiral catalyst e.g. di-mu-chlorobis-[(p-cymene)chlororuthenium(II)] along with an auxiliary such as (IS, 2S)-(+)-N- (4-toluenesulfonyl)-l ,2-diphenylethylenediamine as ligand, which gave desired product only in 70% diastereomeric excess (de); b) Whole cell enzymatic reduction of (S)-tert- butyl 5,6-dihydroxy-3-oxohexanoate to obtain compound (3R, 5S)-tert-bv y\ 3,5,6-trihydroxyhexanoate in 99% de (80% yield).
It is needless to mention that it has necessity of fermenter and other microbiological equipment (Scheme 2).
Moreover, conversion of (2>R,5S)-tert-bv y\ 6-acetoxy-3,5-dihydroxyhexanoate to tert-bv yl 2-((4R,65)-6-(acetoxymethyl)-2,2-dimethyl-l ,3-dioxan-4-yl)acetate was accomplished in only 25% yield and also required the flash chromatography for isolation of desired product.
Thus, overall yield for this process is poor and process is not operation friendly especially at large scale hence cannot be considered feasible for commercial manufacturing.
Scheme 2
EP1317440 Bl (PCT Application WO 02/06266 Al) has disclosed the process for synthesis of compound [II] from 6-chloro-2,4,6-trideoxy-D-erythro-hexose (Scheme 3) .
In the said patent application 6-chloro-2,4,6-trideoxy-D-erythro-hexose was converted to (4R, 65)-4-hydroxy-6-chloromethyl-tetrahydropyran-2one with excess of bromine in presence of potassium bicarbonate, which liberates environmentally undesired gas i.e. carbon dioxide.
Moreover, starting material i.e. 6-chloro-2,4,6-trideoxy-D-erythro-hexose is not commercially available and conversion efficiency of starting material at large scale towards (4R, 65)-4-hydroxy-6-chloromethyl-tetrahydropyran-2-one is only 67%.
Scheme 3
US Patent No. 6689591 B2 has demonstrated the whole cell enzymatic reduction of teri-butyl 6-chloro-3,5-dioxohexanoate to compound [II] (Scheme 4).
In the said process, whole cell enzymatic reduction is not specific; yield for desired product is only 34% and other partially reduced products are also obtained.
Hence, further purification is required for obtaining the desired compound. Thus, this process is not suitable for commercial scale.
Scheme 4
Tatsuya et al (Tetrahedron Letters; 34, 1993,513 – 516) has reported synthesis of compound [I] from derivative of L-tartatric acid (Scheme 5).
In the said process, tartaric acid di-i‘sopropyl ester is doubly protected by tert-butyldimethylsilyl group, which was reacted with dianion of teri-butyl acetoacetate to give β, δ-diketo ester compound.
β,δ-diketo ester was reacted with 2 equivalent of diisobutylaluminium hydride (which is a pyrophoric reagent) to afford -hydroxy,8-keto ester in only 60% yield.
This process is not industrially viable as overall yield is very low and also because of use of costly and pyrophoric reagents/chemicals.
Scheme 5
US7205418 (PCT application WO03/053950A1) has described the process for synthesis of compound [II] from (S)-ieri-butyl-3,4-epoxybutanoate (Scheme 6).
The overall yield for this process is very low and moreover, it required the diastereomeric separation of teri-butyl 2-(6-(iodomethyl)-2-oxo-l,3-dioxan-4-yl)acetate by flash chromatography.
Since overall requirement of title compound is very high, any operation involving flash chromatography will tend to render the process commercially unviable.
Scheme 6
Fengali et al (Tetrahedron: Asymmetry 17; 2006; 2907-2913) has reported the process for synthesis of compound [II] from racemic epichlorohydrin (Scheme 7).
In this process, racemic epichlorohydrin was converted to corresponding nitrile intermediate through reaction with sodium cyanide; nitrile intermediate thus obtained was further resolved through lipase catalyzed stereo-selective esterification to obtain (5)-4-(benzyloxy)-3-hydroxybutanenitrile and (R)-l-(benzyloxy)-3-cyanopropan-2-yl acetate;
separation of desired product i.e. (S)-4-(benzyloxy)-3-hydroxybutanenitrile having 98% de (40% yield) was done by column chromatography.
Needless to mention a commodity chemical like compound [I] cannot be manufactured by such a laboratory method, which involved number of steps.
Scheme 7
Bode et al (Organic letters, 2002, 4, 619-621) has reported diastereomer- specific hydrolysis of 1,3-diol-acetonides (Scheme 8).
In this publication, duration of the reaction for diastereomer- specific hydrolysis of 1,3, diol-acetonides is reported to be 4 h, however, in our hand it was observed that hardly any reaction took place in 4 h, which made it non-reproducible.
In addition to that, separation of desired product is achieved by flash chromatography and it is needless to mention that any process which involved flash chromatography would render the process to be commercially unviable.
Hence, additional innovation needs to be put in for making the process industrially viable.
Scheme 8
CN 101613341A has reported the process for synthesis of compound [II] (Scheme
9).
In the same patent application tert-b tyl (S)-6-chloro-5-hydroxy-3-oxohexanoate was synthesized through Blaise condensation of (5)-4-chloro-3-hydorxy-butanenitrile with zinc enolate of tert butyl bromo acetate.
In the literature, synthesis of tert-bv yl (S)-6-chloro-5-hydroxy-3-oxohexanoate was reported through Blaise condensation of silyl protected (5)-4-chloro-3-(trimethylsilyl)oxy-butanenitrile with zinc enolate of tert butyl bromo acetate, in good yield (Synthesis 2004, 16, 2629-2632). Thus, protection of hydroxy group in (5)-4-chloro-3-hydorxy-butanenitrile is imperative.
In the said Chinese patent application, in claim 7, it was mentioned that solvent used for conversion of tert-bv yl (5)-6-chloro-5-hydroxy-3-oxohexanoate to ( R,5S)-tert-butyl 6-chloro-3,5-dihydroxyhexanoate is anyone or mixture of more than one from tetrahydrofuran, ether, methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, /so-propanol and ethylene glycol.
However, in enablement the only example using mixture of solvent was that of THF-methanol (Experimental section, Example 4: The preparation of (R,5)-6-chloro-3,5- dihydroxyhexanoate) and same outcome was expected in other individual or mixture of solvents.
Claim 8 of CN 101613341A mentioned that reduction was carried out by any one or mixture of more than one reducing agents such as sodium borohydride, potassium borohydride, lithium aluminum hydride, diethylmethoxy borane, triethyl borane and tributyl borane.
It implies that either any one of the reducing agents or a mixture of the same can be employed. From reaction mechanism it is very much clear that diethylmethoxy borane, triethyl borane and tributyl borane form the six membered complex between optically active hydroxyl and carbonyl group, which gets reduced by sodium borohydride, signifying that individually diethylmethoxy borane, triethyl borane and tributyl borane are not reducing agents
Moreover, in claims 12 and 13 (Experimental section, Example 4: The preparation of (R,S)-6-chloro-3,5-dihydroxyhexanoate), it is mentioned that reduction should be carried out in temperature range -80 °C to -60 °C, implying that reaction would not work beyond this temperature range i.e. it would work in the temperature window of -80 °C to -60 °C only.
Summarizing, the teachings of the application are not workable.
Scheme 9
Wolberg et al (Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 2000, 4306) has reported that diastereomeric excess for syn selective reduction using mixture of diethyl methoxy borane/sodium borohydride of compound [VI] gave 93% de for compound [VIII], which required further re-crystallization to obtain compound [VIII] in 99% de and 70% yield.
Thus, all the reported methods for stereo-selective hydride reduction of compound [VI] were achieved through mixture of trialkyl borane or diethyl methoxy borane & sodium borohydride in THF, at -78°C. As mentioned earlier, trialkyl borane or diethyl methoxy borane are pyrophoric in nature; in addition to that anhydrous THF is costly and moreover, reaction required large dilution.
Hence, there is need for developing efficient, environment friendly, cost effective and green process for stereo-selective reduction compound [VI].
B) The process of Oxidation of compound [II] to compound [I] has been discussed in following literature processes.
1) Swern oxidation (US4970313; Tetrahedron Letters, 1990, 2545
Synthetic Communications, 2003, 2275 – 2284).
2) Parrkh-Doering oxidation (J. Am. Chem. Soc, 1967, 89, 5505-5507)
3) TEMPO/NaOCl oxidization (EP2351762)
4) Trichloroisocyanuric acid/ TEMPO (CN 101747313A)
5) Oxidation of compound [II] to compound [I] through IBX [CN101475558A].
It would be evident that most of the reported methods are not “green” and
environmentally benign; none of the reported methods use molecular oxygen as oxidizing agent in presence of metal catalyst/co-catalyst.
Example 18: Process for synthesis of tert-butyl 2-((4R,6S)-6-formyl-2,2-dimethyl-l,3-dioxan-4-yl)acetate [I]
A reactor was charged with 1.1 g of copper (I) chloride and 10 mL of acetonitrile. 2-2′ Bipyridyl (156 mg) and TEMPO (156 mg) were added to the reactor under oxygen environment at 25°C. A solution of (6-Hydroxymethyl-2,2-dimethyl-[l,3]dioxan-4-yl)-acetic acid tert-butyl ester 2.6 g in 26 mL DCM was added dropwise over a period of 10 min into it. The reaction mass was stirred at 40°C and progress of reaction was monitored on GLC, which shows that 90% conversion for desired product.
Example 19: Process for synthesis of tert-butyl 2-((4R,6S)-6-formyl-2,2-dimethyl-l,3-dioxan-4-yl)acetate [I]
A reactor was charged with 1.1 g of copper (I) chloride and 10 mL of dichlorome thane. 2-2′ Bipyridyl (156 mg) and TEMPO (156 mg) were added to the reactor under oxygen environment at 25°C. A solution of (6-Hydroxymethyl-2,2-dimethyl-[l,3]dioxan-4-yl)-acetic acid tert-butyl ester 2.6 g in 26 mL DCM was added dropwise over a period of 10 min into it. The reaction mass was stirred at 40°C and progress of reaction was monitored on GLC, which shows that 90% conversion for desired product.
AUTHORS
///////
Launching new Blog……DRUG PATENTS INTERNATIONAL
USPTO Guidance On Patentable Subject Matter: Impediment to Biotech Innovation?
USPTO Guidance On Patentable Subject Matter: Impediment to Biotech Innovation?
http://commercialbiotechnology.com/index.php/jcb/article/view/664
Abstract
In June 2013, the U.S. Supreme Court issued a unanimous decision upending more than three decades worth of established patent practice when it ruled that isolated gene sequences are no longer patentable subject matter under 35 U.S.C. Section 101.While many practitioners in the field believed that the USPTO would interpret the decision narrowly, the USPTO actually expanded the scope of the decision when it issued its guidelines for determining whether an invention satisfies Section 101. The guidelines were met with intense backlash with many arguing that they unnecessarily expanded the scope of the Supreme Court cases in a way that could unduly restrict the scope of patentable subject matter, weaken the U.S. patent system, and create a disincentive to innovation. By undermining patentable subject matter in this way, the guidelines may end up harming not only the companies that patent medical innovations, but also the patients who need medical care. This article examines the guidelines and their impact on various technologies.
Glenmark conferred with Best Biotech New Molecular Entity Patent award
IDMA best biotech NEW MOLECULAR ENTITY patent award to Glenmark
YEAR 2012-2013 YEAR in Mumbai India
PATENT US 8236315
GLENMARK PHARMACEUTICALS, S.A., SWITZERLAND
INVENTORS
Elias Lazarides, Catherine Woods, Xiaomin Fan, Samuel Hou, Harald Mottl, Stanislas Blein, Martin BertschingerALSO PUBLISHED ASCA2712221A1, CN101932606A,EP2245069A1, US20090232804,WO2009093138A1
|
USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet, US 8236315
The present disclosure relates generally to humanized antibodies or binding fragments thereof specific for human von Willebrand factor (vWF), methods for their preparation and use, including methods for treating vWF mediated diseases or disorders. The humanized antibodies or binding fragments thereof specific for human vWF may comprise complementarity determining regions (CDRs) from a non-human antibody (e.g., mouse CDRs) and human framework regions.
The present disclosure provides a humanized antibody or binding fragment thereof specific for vWF that comprises a heavy chain variable region sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 19 and a light chain variable region sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 28 ……….. CONT
MR GLEN SALDANHA
MD , CEO GLENMARK
INDIAN DRUG MANUFACTURERS’ ASSOCIATION (IDMA)
102-B Poonam Chambers, Dr A B Road, Worli, Mumbai 400 018, INDIA
Tel : +91 – 22 – 24944625 / 24974308. Fax : ++91 – 22 – 24957023
email: ppr@idmaindia.com website : http://www.idma-assn.org
LASTACAFT, ALCAFTADINE.. Drug Patent Expiration, 21st Nov 2013
ALCAFTADINE
Alcaftadine is used to prevent eye irritation brought on by allergic conjunctivitis. It is a H1histamine receptor antagonist.
It was approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration in 2010 under the trade name Lastacaft.
LASTACAFT, ALLERGAN
Drug Patent Expiration and Exclusivity
Active Ingredient | Form | Dosage | Drug Type | Application | Product | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ALCAFTADINE | SOLUTION/DROPS; OPHTHALMIC | 0.25% | RX | 022134 | 001 |
Patents
There are 1 patent(s) protecting ALLERGAN’s LASTACAFT.
The last patent expires on 2013-11-21.
Patent | Expiration | |
---|---|---|
US5468743 | Imidazo[2,1-b]benzazepine derivatives, compositions and method of use
The present invention is concerned with novel imidazo[2, 1-b][3]benzazepines of formula ##STR1## the pharmaceutically acceptable addition salts and stereochemically isomeric forms thereof, wherein each of the dotted lines independently represents an optional bond; R.sup.1 represents hydrogen, halo, C.sub.1-4 alkyl or C.sub.1-4 alkyloxy; R.sup.2 represents hydrogen, halo, C.sub.1-4 alkyl or C.sub.1-4 alkyloxy; R.sup.3 represents hydrogen, C.sub.1-4 alkyl, ethenyl substituted with hydroxycarbonyl or C.sub.1-4 alkyloxycarbonyl, C.sub.1-4 alkyl substituted with hydroxycarbonyl or C.sub.1-4 alkyloxycarbonyl, hydroxyC.sub.1-4 alkyl, formyl or hydroxycarbonyl; R.sup.4 represents hydrogen, C.sub.1-4 alkyl, hydroxyC.sub.1-4 alkyl, phenyl or halo; R.sup.5 represents hydrogen, C.sub.1-4 alkyl or halo; L represents hydrogen; C.sub.1-6 alkyl; C.sub.1-6 alkyl substituted with one substituent selected from the group consisting of hydroxy, halo, C.sub.1-4 alkyloxy, hydroxycarbonyl, C.sub.1-4 alkyloxycarbonyl, C.sub.1-4 alkyloxycarbonyl-C.sub.1-4 alkyloxy, hydroxycarbonylC.sub.1-4 alkyloxy, C.sub.1-4 alkyloxycarbonylamino, C.sub.1-4 alkylaminocarbonyl, C.sub.1-4 alkylaminocarbonylamino, C.sub.1-4 alkylaminothiocarbonylamino, aryl, aryloxy and arylcarbonyl; C.sub.1-6 alkyl substituted with both hydroxy and aryloxy; C.sub.3-6 alkenyl; C.sub.3-6 alkenyl substituted with aryl; or, L represents a radical of formula –Alk–Y–Het.sup.1 (a-1),–Alk–NH–CO–Het.sup.2 (a-2)or –Alk–Het.sup.3 (a-3); provided that 6,11-dihydro-11-(4-piperidinylidene)-5H-imidazo[2,1-b][3]benzazepine is ecxluded, which are useful antiallergic compounds.Compositions comprising said compounds, methods of using and processes for preparing the same.
|
2013-11-21 |
Exclusivity
Exclusivity is marketing rights granted by the FDA to the ALLERGAN.
Exclusivity ends on 2015-07-28.
Date | Supplement No. | Action | Documents |
---|---|---|---|
2010-07-28 | 000 | Approval |
ACIPHEX, RABEPRAZOLE SODIUM, patent exp 8 th Nov 2013
AS SODIUM SALT
ACIPHEX, RABEPRAZOLE SODIUM
Drug Patent Expiration and Exclusivity
US 5045552 – Uspto – United States Patent and Trademark Office
Active Ingredient | Form | Dosage | Drug Type | Application | Product | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
RABEPRAZOLE SODIUM | TABLET, DELAYED RELEASE; ORAL | 10MG **Federal Register determination that product was not discontinued or withdrawn for safety or efficacy reasons** | DISCN | 020973 | 001 | |
RABEPRAZOLE SODIUM | TABLET, DELAYED RELEASE; ORAL | 20MG | RX | 020973 | 002 |
EISAI INC’s ACIPHEX.
Patent | Expiration | |
---|---|---|
US 5045552*PED | 2013-11-8 | |
US 5045552 | Pyridine derivatives having anti-ulcerative activity
Pyridine derivatives useful for preventing or treating peptic ulcers, pharmaceutical preparations and methods of treating peptic ulcers are described.
|
2013-5-8(expired) |
Exclusivity
Exclusivity is marketing rights granted by the FDA to the EISAI INC.
How Long Is A Drug Patent Good For?
Patents are good for 20 years after the invention of a drug–not after the drug comes to market. It can easily take eight years for the pharmaceutical companies to gather enough data to get approval for their new invention from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Meanwhile the FDA can send the drug company back for more clinical studies (experiments using humans as subjects to test the drugs’ efficacy and side effects) and more data, and all the while the patent clock is ticking.
That’s why the name of the game for pharmaceutical companies is working to extend those patents for a top-selling drug
read all at
How Long Is A Drug Patent Good For? – Drugsdb.com http://www.drugsdb.com/blog/how-long-is-a-drug-patent-good-for.html#ixzz2evb9L5rn
India seeks to cancel Roche cancer patent
India may revoke Roche’s breast cancer drug’s patent using section 66 of the Indian Patents Act
India’s health ministry is looking to revoke Roche’s breast cancer drug’s patent in public interest using powers under section 66 of the Indian Patents Act India may revoke Roche’s breast cancer drug’s patent using section 66 of the Indian Patents Act Related Articles Oramed gets Japanese patent for protein delivery Cipla wins patent case against Roche Alchemia cancer drug gets US patent protection Alchemia gets US patent for oncology platform technology New Delhi: India’s health ministry has asked for a cancellation of patent to Roche’s breast cancer medicine Trastuzumab, using a rarest-of-the-rare provision in the Indian Patents Act.
Read more at: http://www.biospectrumasia.com/biospectrum/news/192436/india-seeks-cancel-roche-cancer-patent#.UfXtuaI3CSo
CSIR, INDIA-WO PATENT–synthesis of amprenavir and saquinavir
amprenavir
saquinavir
A process for synthesis of syn azido epoxide and its use as intermediate in the synthesis of amprenavir and saquinavir
Published as ———WO-2013105118
Council of Scientific & Industrial Research
Inventors
Gadakh, Sunita, Khanderao; Rekula, Reddy, Santhosh; Sudalai, Arumugam
Publication date 18-JUL-2013
HIV protease inhibitor
Disclosed herein is a novel route of synthesis of syn azide epoxide of formu 5, which is used as a common intermdeiate for asymmetric synthesis of HIV protease inhibitors such as Amprenavir, Fosamprenavir, Saquinavir and formal synthesis of Darunavir and Palinavir obtained by Cobalt- catalyzed hydrolyti kinetic resolution of racemic anti-(2SR, 3SR) – 3 -azido – 4 -phenyl – 1, 2- epoxybutane (azido-epoxide
IN2012DE82 | 10-JAN-2012 [priority] |