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DR ANTHONY MELVIN CRASTO Ph.D

DR ANTHONY MELVIN CRASTO Ph.D

DR ANTHONY MELVIN CRASTO, Born in Mumbai in 1964 and graduated from Mumbai University, Completed his Ph.D from ICT, 1991,Matunga, Mumbai, India, in Organic Chemistry, The thesis topic was Synthesis of Novel Pyrethroid Analogues, Currently he is working with AFRICURE PHARMA, ROW2TECH, NIPER-G, Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers, Govt. of India as ADVISOR, earlier assignment was with GLENMARK LIFE SCIENCES LTD, as CONSUlTANT, Retired from GLENMARK in Jan2022 Research Centre as Principal Scientist, Process Research (bulk actives) at Mahape, Navi Mumbai, India. Total Industry exp 32 plus yrs, Prior to joining Glenmark, he has worked with major multinationals like Hoechst Marion Roussel, now Sanofi, Searle India Ltd, now RPG lifesciences, etc. He has worked with notable scientists like Dr K Nagarajan, Dr Ralph Stapel, Prof S Seshadri, etc, He did custom synthesis for major multinationals in his career like BASF, Novartis, Sanofi, etc., He has worked in Discovery, Natural products, Bulk drugs, Generics, Intermediates, Fine chemicals, Neutraceuticals, GMP, Scaleups, etc, he is now helping millions, has 9 million plus hits on Google on all Organic chemistry websites. His friends call him Open superstar worlddrugtracker. His New Drug Approvals, Green Chemistry International, All about drugs, Eurekamoments, Organic spectroscopy international, etc in organic chemistry are some most read blogs He has hands on experience in initiation and developing novel routes for drug molecules and implementation them on commercial scale over a 32 PLUS year tenure till date Feb 2023, Around 35 plus products in his career. He has good knowledge of IPM, GMP, Regulatory aspects, he has several International patents published worldwide . He has good proficiency in Technology transfer, Spectroscopy, Stereochemistry, Synthesis, Polymorphism etc., He suffered a paralytic stroke/ Acute Transverse mylitis in Dec 2007 and is 90 %Paralysed, He is bound to a wheelchair, this seems to have injected feul in him to help chemists all around the world, he is more active than before and is pushing boundaries, He has 100 million plus hits on Google, 2.5 lakh plus connections on all networking sites, 100 Lakh plus views on dozen plus blogs, 227 countries, 7 continents, He makes himself available to all, contact him on +91 9323115463, email amcrasto@gmail.com, Twitter, @amcrasto , He lives and will die for his family, 90% paralysis cannot kill his soul., Notably he has 38 lakh plus views on New Drug Approvals Blog in 227 countries......https://newdrugapprovals.wordpress.com/ , He appreciates the help he gets from one and all, Friends, Family, Glenmark, Readers, Wellwishers, Doctors, Drug authorities, His Contacts, Physiotherapist, etc He has total of 32 International and Indian awards

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Frespaciguat


Frespaciguat

CAS 2101645-33-2

MF C27H22ClF5N6O3 MW 608.9 g/mol

3-[4-[(5S)-4-amino-2-[6-chloro-1-(3,3,4,4,4-pentafluorobutyl)indazol-3-yl]-5-methyl-6-oxo-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-5-yl]phenyl]propanoic acid

3-{4-[(5S)-4-amino-2-[6-chloro-1-(3,3,4,4,4-pentafluorobutyl)-1H-indazol-3-yl]-5-methyl-6-oxo-6,7-dihydro-5H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-5-yl]phenyl}propanoic acid
guanylate cyclase activator, MK5475, MK 5475, sGC activator 1, 6DXN080KGB

Frespaciguat (development code MK-5475) is an experimental inhaled soluble guanylate cyclase stimulator developed by Merck for pulmonary arterial hypertension.[1][2][3][4]

Frespaciguat is a small molecule drug. The usage of the INN stem ‘-ciguat’ in the name indicates that Frespaciguat is a guanylate cyclase activator and stimulator. Frespaciguat is under investigation in clinical trial NCT05612035 (Frespaciguat (MK-5475) INSIGNIA-PH-COPD: A Study of the Efficacy and Safety of Frespaciguat (an Inhaled sGC Stimulator) in Adults With PH-COPD). Frespaciguat has a monoisotopic molecular weight of 608.14 Da.

  • Frespaciguat (MK-5475) in Participants With Pulmonary Hypertension Associated With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (PH-COPD) (MK-5475-006)CTID: NCT04370873Phase: Phase 1Status: CompletedDate: 2025-05-28
  • A Study of the Efficacy and Safety of Frespaciguat (MK-5475) in Participants With Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (INSIGNIA-PAH: Phase 2/3 Study of an Inhaled sGC Stimulator in PAH) (MK-5475-007)CTID: NCT04732221Phase: Phase 2/Phase 3Status: CompletedDate: 2025-05-25
  • Frespaciguat (MK-5475) in Participants With Hypoxemia Due to COVID-19 Pneumonia (MK-5475-009)CTID: NCT04425733Phase: Phase 1Status: WithdrawnDate: 2025-05-15
  • Frespaciguat (MK-5475) INSIGNIA-PH-COPD: A Study of the Efficacy and Safety of Frespaciguat (an Inhaled sGC Stimulator) in Adults With PH-COPDCTID: NCT05612035Phase: Phase 2Status: Active, not recruitingDate: 2025-10-07
  • A Study of Single Doses of Frespaciguat (MK-5475) on Pulmonary Vascular Resistance (MK-5475-002)CTID: NCT03744637Phase: Phase 1Status: CompletedDate: 2025-06-04

SYN

US10030027,

https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=US199416000&_cid=P12-MKUJSJ-89968-1

Example 10B

(S)-3-(4-{4-Amino-2-[6-chloro-1-(3,3,4,4,4-pentafluorobutyl)-1H-indazol-3-yl]-5-methyl-6-oxo-6,7-dihydro-5H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-5-yl}phenyl)propanoic acid

Step A—(S)-Methyl 3-(4-{4-Amino-2-[6-chloro-1-(3,3,4,4,4-pentafluorobutyl)-1H-indazol-3-yl]-5-methyl-6-oxo-6,7-dihydro-5H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-5-yl}phenyl)propanoate

      In a flask containing I-A1 (91 mg, 0.27 mmol), I-11B (80 mg, 0.24 mmol) and potassium bicarbonate (73.2 mg, 0.73 mmol) in t-BuOH (2.4 mL) was stirred at 80° C. for 16 h. The reaction was cooled to RT, diluted with EtOAc and water, and extracted with EtOAc (3×). The organic layers were combined, washed with brine, dried over anhydr. Na 2SO 4, and filtered. The filtrate was concentrated in vacuo and the residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography with (EtOAc:EtOH 3:1):hexane (0-40%) to afford the title compound. m/z=623 (M+1).

Step B—(S)-3-(4-{4-Amino-2-[6-chloro-1-(3,3,4,4,4-pentafluorobutyl)-1H-indazol-3-yl]-5-methyl-6-oxo-6,7-dihydro-5H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-5-yl}phenyl)propanoic acid

      In a flask containing (S)-methyl 3-(4-{4-amino-2-[6-chloro-1-(3,3,4,4,4-pentafluorobutyl)-1H-indazol-3-yl]-5-methyl-6-oxo-6,7-dihydro-5H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-5-yl}phenyl)propanoate (120 mg, 0.19 mmol) in dioxane (8.7 mL) was added LiOH (46 mg, 1.93 mmol) in water (1 mL). The reaction was stirred 2 h at 50° C. The reaction was cooled to RT, concentrated in vacuo and diluted with EtOAc. Acetic acid (132 μl, 2.31 mmol) was added and the mixture was extracted with EtOAc (3×). The organic layers were combined, washed with brine (2×), dried over anhydr. MgSO 4, and filtered. The filtrate was concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography with (EtOAc:EtOH 3:1):hexane (0-100%) to afford the title compound Ex-10B. 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6) δ 12.12 (s, 1H), 11.09 (s, 1H), 8.69 (d, J=8.7 Hz, 1H), 8.03 (d, J=1.7 Hz, 1H), 7.26 (dd, J=8.7, 1.7 Hz, 1H), 7.22-7.11 (m, 4H), 6.54 (s, 2H), 4.82 (t, J=6.8 Hz, 2H), 2.90 (tt, J=19.4, 6.9 Hz, 2H), 2.77 (t, J=7.6 Hz, 2H), 2.52-2.49 (m, 2H), 1.76 (s, 3H); m/z=609 (M+1).

SYN

https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=WO2025006295&_cid=P12-MKUJNS-84717-1

EXAMPLE 2

[0038] To an autoclave was charged anisole (12.78 L), indazole ester (IV) (2.13 kg, 5.64 mol), and hexamethyldisilazane (4.55 kg, 28.2 mol). The mixture was cooled to 0-5 oC and the vessel was placed under slight positive pressure with no N2 sweeping. A solution of H2O (203.21 g, 11.27 mol) in sulfolane (6.39 L) was added while keeping at < 10 oC in order to minimize NH3 gas escaping. The resulting mixture was cooled to -10 oC, then TfOH (1.692 kg, 11.27 mol) was slowly added at < 22 oC. The vessel was sealed and the mixture was heated at 120-130 °C for 24 h. The upper vessel was kept warm so that solid ammonium triflate did not deposit there.

[0039] After cooling the mixture to rt, the batch (biphasic) was further cooled to 0-10 oC.2.4 equiv 1N KOH (13.53 L, 14.207 kg, 13.53 mol) was slowly added at < 25 oC. After agitating for 30 min, and letting settle at rt, the bottom aqueous layer was removed (pH~14). The organic layer was washed with 18% brine (10.5 L). The aqueous layer was removed (pH ~12). To the organic phase was added ¼ (101 mL, 149 g) of 1.1 equiv methanesulfonic acid (402 mL, 595 g, 6.20 mol), then seeded with 0.2 wt% amidine MSA type A (8.5 g). The rest of MSA (447 g, 302 mL) was then slowly added over 1 h. During MSA addition, the temperature was controlled at < 25 oC. The resulting slurry, after aging at 22 oC for 15 h, was filtered, then displacement washed with 2 x 3 vol 2-MeTHF (2 x 6.4 L), and vacuum dried under N2 at < 30 °C for 24 h. The product (III) was obtained (4.62 kg, 10.58 mol, 93 % yield) as an off-white to light beige solid.

PAT

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Legal status
Legal statusInvestigational
Identifiers
IUPAC name
CAS Number2101645-33-2
PubChem CID129242560
ChemSpider129394387
UNII6DXN080KGB
ChEMBLChEMBL5944803
Chemical and physical data
FormulaC27H22ClF5N6O3
Molar mass608.95 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)Interactive image
SMILES
InChI

References

  1.  Bajwa, Ednan K.; Cislak, Dawn; Palcza, John; Feng, Hwa-ping; Messina, Eric J.; Reynders, Tom; Denef, Jean-François; Corcea, Vasile; Lai, Eseng; Stoch, S. Aubrey (January 2023). “Effects of an inhaled soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) stimulator MK-5475 in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH)”Respiratory Medicine206 107065. doi:10.1016/j.rmed.2022.107065PMID 36521262.
  2.  Patel, Mahesh J.; Bajwa, Ednan K.; Cislak, Dawn; Palcza, John; Reynders, Tom; Barthson, Jenny; Lai, Eseng; Stoch, S. Aubrey (9 September 2023). “A randomized study to evaluate the effects of single-dose MK-5475 co-administered with sildenafil on systemic hemodynamics”. European Respiratory Journal PA1208. doi:10.1183/13993003.congress-2023.PA1208.
  3.  El-Kersh, Karim; Jalil, Bilal A. (July 2023). “Pulmonary hypertension inhaled therapies: An updated review”. The American Journal of the Medical Sciences366 (1): 3–15. doi:10.1016/j.amjms.2023.03.002PMID 36921672.
  4.  Tawa, Masashi; Okamura, Tomio (August 2022). “Factors influencing the soluble guanylate cyclase heme redox state in blood vessels”Vascular Pharmacology145 107023. doi:10.1016/j.vph.2022.107023PMID 35718342.

/////////frespaciguat, ANAX, ADVECT, guanylate cyclase activator, MK5475, MK 5475, sGC activator 1, 6DXN080KGB

Nurandociguat


Nurandociguat

CAS 2781965-75-9

MF C30H36ClF2N5O2 MW 572.1 g/mol

1-[(3R)-1-{4-chloro-4′-[4-(2-methylpropyl)piperazin-1-yl][1,1′-biphenyl]-2-yl} piperidin-3-yl]-5-(difluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylic acid

1-[(3R)-1-[5-chloro-2-[4-[4-(2-methylpropyl)piperazin-1-yl]phenyl]phenyl]piperidin-3-yl]-5-(difluoromethyl)pyrazole-4-carboxylic acid
guanylate cyclase activator, BAY 3283142, LPU8429UK5

Nurandociguat is a small molecule drug candidate, previously known as BAY 3283142, that is a guanylate cyclase activator being developed by Bayer for cardiovascular conditions. The “ciguat” stem in its name indicates its function as a guanylate cyclase activator, a mechanism that is also being investigated for related drugs like runcaciguat. It is currently in clinical trials, including a Phase 2 program for chronic kidney disease (CKD). 

  • Drug class: Guanylate cyclase activator
  • Developer: Bayer
  • Previous name: BAY 3283142
  • Indication: Investigated for cardiovascular conditions
  • Current status: In clinical development, including a Phase 2 study for chronic kidney disease (CKD) 
  • OriginatorBayer
  • ClassAntihypertensives; Cardiovascular therapies; Hepatoprotectants; Urologics
  • Mechanism of ActionGuanylate cyclase stimulants
  • Phase IIRenal failure
  • Phase ICardiovascular disorders; Diabetic retinopathy; Hypertension; Liver disorders
  • 28 Sep 2025No recent reports of development identified for phase-I development in Renal-failure in Germany (PO, Immediate release)
  • 16 Sep 2025(CTIS2024-510856-11-00) (EudraCT2024-510856-11-00): Trial initiation and completion info added; updated DevT; Corrected intro to match DevT as most of the info about indication and countries missing
  • 28 May 2025No recent reports of development identified for phase-I development in Renal-failure(In volunteers, In adults) in Japan (PO, Immediate release)

Nurandociguat is a small molecule drug. The usage of the INN stem ‘-ciguat’ in the name indicates that Nurandociguat is a guanylate cyclase activator and stimulator. Nurandociguat has a monoisotopic molecular weight of 571.25 Da.

PAT

SYN

WO-2023237577

SYN

WO-2022122917

https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=WO2022122917&_cid=P20-MHVQYD-96133-1

soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) activators for use in the treatment and/or prophylaxis of ophthalmologic diseases, including non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR), diabetic macular edema (DME), retinal ganglion cell/photoreceptor neurodegeneration and cataract, especially wherein the soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) activators are compounds selected from the group consisting of

Example 1

1 – [ 1 – { 4-Chloro-4′- [4-(2-methylpropyl)piperazin- 1 -yl] [1,1 ’-biphenyl] -2-yl }piperidin-3-yl] -5- (difluoromethyl)-lH-pyrazole-4-carboxylic acid hydrochloride (Enantiomer 1)

Ethyl 1 – [ 1 – { 5-chloro-2- [(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)oxy]phenyl }piperidin-3-yl] -5-(difluoromethyl)- 1 H-pyrazole-4-carboxylate (prepared in analogy to Example 11A, Enantiomer 1, 80.0 mg, 147 pmol) and l-(2-methylpropyl)-4- [4-(4,4,5 ,5-tetramethyl- 1 ,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)phenyl]piperazine (Example 18 A 62.8 mg, 97 % purity, 177 pmol) were placed under argon in toluene/ethanol (820/820 pl). 2 M sodium carbonate solution (220 pl, 2.0 M, 440 pmol) and tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) (8.52 mg, 7.37 pmol) were added and the mixture was stirred at 100°C. overnight. The reaction mixture was diluted with ethyl acetate and 1 M hydrochloric acid was added. The aqueous phase was extracted three times with ethyl acetate. The organic phase was dried with sodium sulfate, filtered off and evaporated. The crude mixture was dissolved with THF/ethanol (2.0/0.2 ml), 1 M lithium hydroxide solution (1.5 ml, 1.5 mmol) was added and the mixture was stirred at room temperature overnight. A I M lithium hydroxide solution (740 pl, 740 pmol) was added again. After about 6 h the reaction mixture was evaporated at 50°C. The residue was dissolved in

SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26)

acetonitrile/water/0.25 ml trifluoroacetic acid and purified by preparative HPLC (RP18 column, acetonitrile/water gradient with the addition of 0.1% trifluoroacetic acid). The crude product was purified by means of thick layer chromatography (dichloromethane/methanol/formic acid: 10/1/0.1). The silica gel mixture was stirred with dichloromethane/1 M hydrochloric acid in dioxane (10/1) in ethanol, filtered off and carefully evaporated at 30°C and lyophilized. 34 mg of the target compound (36% of theory, purity 95%) were obtained.

LC-MS (Method 6): Rt = 1.23 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z = 572 [M-HC1+H]+

‘H-NMR (600 MHz, DMSO-d6) 5 [ppm]: 1.004 (15.87), 1.015 (16.00), 1.500 (0.51), 1.521 (0.57), 1.728 (0.73), 1.750 (0.61), 1.897 (0.57), 1.917 (0.62), 1.975 (0.79), 2.122 (0.42), 2.133 (0.84), 2.144 (1.02), 2.156

(0.79), 2.571 (0.47), 2.587 (0.91), 2.610 (0.52), 3.004 (0.84), 3.022 (2.01), 3.026 (2.20), 3.038 (3.72), 3.048

(2.50), 3.065 (0.75), 3.154 (2.66), 3.161 (2.75), 3.169 (2.36), 3.177 (1.88), 3.224 (0.84), 3.237 (0.70), 3.589

(1.41), 3.602 (1.80), 3.825 (1.02), 3.841 (0.78), 3.866 (1.05), 3.882 (0.75), 4.223 (2.57), 4.445 (0.68), 4.463

(0.97), 4.481 (0.57), 7.045 (0.55), 7.055 (3.63), 7.070 (3.72), 7.084 (2.72), 7.087 (3.09), 7.110 (1.47), 7.113

(1.11), 7.123 (2.19), 7.127 (2.02), 7.163 (3.67), 7.177 (2.19), 7.215 (0.46), 7.428 (0.83), 7.495 (4.24), 7.510

(4.02), 7.515 (2.07), 7.602 (0.82), 7.959 (4.79), 9.484 (0.54).

Example 2

1 – [ 1 – { 4-Chloro-4′- [4-(2-methylpropyl)piperazin- 1 -yl] [1,1 ’-biphenyl] -2-yl }piperidin-3-yl] -5-(difluoromethyl)-lH-pyrazole-4-carboxylic acid (Enantiomer 2)

Method A

A solution of ethyl l-[l-{4-chloro-4′-[4-(2-methylpropyl)piperazin-l-yl][l,T-biphenyl]-2-yl}piperidin-3-yl]-5-(difluoromethyl)-lH-pyrazole-4-carboxylate (prepared in analogy to Example 17A, Enantiomer 2, 50.8 g, 84.6 mmol) in a THF/methanol mixture 9:1 (1.0 1) was treated with an aqueous solution of lithium hydroxide (850 ml, 1.0 M, 850 mmol) and stirred overnight at room temperature. The reaction mixture was

SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26)

concentrated, diluted with dichloromethane (1.5 1) and adjusted to pH = 2 with an aqueous solution of hydrogen chloride (2N). The resulting suspension was stirred 45 minutes at room temperature. The solid was filtered, washed with water and dried under vacuum affording 43 g (90 % yield) of the title compound.

LC-MS (Method 7): Rt = 1.27 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z = 572 [M+H]+

‘H-NMR (600 MHz, DMSO-d6) 5 [ppm]: 1.002 (15.68), 1.013 (16.00), 1.080 (0.57), 1.092 (1.18), 1.103 (0.63), 1.498 (0.74), 1.519 (0.83), 1.719 (1.03), 1.741 (0.88), 1.902 (0.78), 1.908 (0.74), 1.922 (0.88), 1.928

(0.83), 1.943 (0.45), 1.978 (1.13), 1.994 (0.74), 2.102 (0.71), 2.112 (0.85), 2.123 (0.70), 2.571 (1.40), 2.591

(0.77), 2.882 (1.10), 3.018 (1.27), 3.035 (3.01), 3.053 (2.14), 3.239 (2.40), 3.254 (2.32), 3.368 (1.13), 3.379

(1.40), 3.391 (1.33), 3.403 (0.92), 3.493 (0.76), 4.463 (0.65), 4.482 (1.12), 4.500 (0.62), 7.033 (4.22), 7.048

(4.45), 7.074 (3.47), 7.077 (4.04), 7.100 (1.85), 7.103 (1.52), 7.113 (2.53), 7.117 (2.34), 7.162 (4.18), 7.175

(2.71), 7.439 (1.03), 7.481 (4.88), 7.495 (4.57), 7.526 (2.04), 7.613 (0.91), 7.952 (5.28).

Method B

1 – { 1 – [4-Chloro-4′-(4-isobutylpiperazin- 1 -yl) [biphenyl] -2-yl]piperidin-3-yl } -5-(difluoromethyl)- 1 H-pyrazole-4-carboxylic acid hydrochloride (prepared in analogy to Example 3, Enantiomer 2, 31.2 mg, 51.3 pmol) were dissolved in 17 ml of dichloromethane and 1 ml of methanol. The solution was shaken once with 1.5 ml of saturated, aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution. The phases were separated. 5 ml of dichloromethane and 3 ml of methanol were added to the organic phase. The organic phase was then dried over sodium sulfate, filtered, evaporated and purified by preparative HPLC (RP18 column, acetonitrile/water gradient, neutral without acid addition). Product fractions were combined and lyophilized. 22 mg of the target compound (74% of theory) were obtained.

LC-MS (Method 3): Rt = 1.73 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z = 572 [M+H]+

‘H-NMR (600 MHz, DMSO-d6) 5 [ppm]: 0.887 (15.60), 0.898 (16.00), 1.493 (0.64), 1.514 (0.70), 1.695 (0.89), 1.718 (0.74), 1.799 (0.48), 1.811 (0.88), 1.822 (1.12), 1.833 (0.92), 1.844 (0.48), 1.890 (0.68), 1.910

(0.74), 1.977 (0.93), 1.995 (0.62), 2.118 (3.91), 2.130 (3.66), 2.516 (5.14), 3.017 (1.09), 3.035 (2.76), 3.053

(1.94), 3.181 (5.03), 3.185 (5.02), 3.267 (1.53), 4.473 (0.55), 4.491 (0.96), 4.509 (0.54), 6.963 (3.96), 6.977

(4.06), 7.048 (3.13), 7.051 (3.31), 7.081 (1.60), 7.084 (1.26), 7.095 (2.21), 7.098 (1.89), 7.152 (3.52), 7.165

(2.42), 7.434 (4.45), 7.448 (4.50), 7.533 (1.51), 7.621 (0.67), 7.930 (4.14).

Example 3

1 – { 1 – [4-Chloro-4′-(4-isobutylpiperazin- 1 -yl) [biphenyl] -2-yl]piperidin-3-yl } -5-(difluoromethyl)- 1 H-pyrazole-4-carboxylic acid hydrochloride (Enantiomer 2)

SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26)

Method A

A suspension of 1 – [ 1 – { 4-chloro-4′- [4-(2-methylpropyl)piperazin- 1 -yl] [1,1 ’-biphenyl] -2-yl }piperidin-3-yl] -5-(difluoromethyl)-lH-pyrazole-4-carboxylic acid (prepared in analogy to Example 2, Enantiomer 2, 43.5 g, 76.0 mmol) in diethyl ether (870 ml) was treated with a solution of hydrogen chloride in diethyl ether (84 ml, 1.0 M, 84 mmol). The resulting mixture was stirred overnight at room temperature and evaporated affording 46.1 g (quant.) of the title compound.

LC-MS (Method 3): Rt = 1.72 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z = 572 [M+H]+

‘H-NMR (600 MHz, DMSO-d6) 5 [ppm]: 1.026 (15.64), 1.037 (16.00), 1.497 (0.56), 1.519 (0.61), 1.722 (0.78), 1.743 (0.65), 1.903 (0.59), 1.910 (0.53), 1.924 (0.66), 1.930 (0.61), 1.978 (0.82), 1.994 (0.50), 2.142

(0.45), 2.154 (0.91), 2.165 (1.11), 2.176 (0.89), 2.187 (0.45), 2.557 (0.64), 2.577 (1.02), 2.594 (0.55), 2.992

(1.81), 3.002 (2.77), 3.012 (1.87), 3.018 (1.15), 3.036 (2.40), 3.054 (1.60), 3.133 (1.12), 3.148 (1.19), 3.168

(0.53), 3.237 (0.88), 3.250 (0.76), 3.338 (0.81), 3.360 (1.42), 3.379 (0.88), 3.580 (1.61), 3.791 (0.89), 3.819

(1.25), 3.844 (0.81), 4.463 (0.89), 4.474 (0.97), 4.481 (1.26), 4.488 (0.99), 4.499 (0.88), 7.051 (3.56), 7.065

(3.77), 7.077 (2.72), 7.080 (3.14), 7.103 (1.42), 7.106 (1.13), 7.116 (2.00), 7.120 (1.84), 7.165 (3.40), 7.178

(2.22), 7.443 (0.84), 7.489 (4.04), 7.504 (3.79), 7.531 (1.66), 7.618 (0.72), 7.954 (4.33), 10.519 (0.49).

Method B

Ethyl 1 – [ 1 – { 5-chloro-2- [(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)oxy]phenyl }piperidin-3-yl] -5-(difluoromethyl)- 1 H-pyrazole-4-carboxylate (prepared in analogy to Example 14A, Enantiomer 2, 80.0 mg, 150 pmol) and l-(2-methylpropyl)-4- [4-(4,4,5 ,5-tetramethyl- 1 ,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)phenyl]piperazine (Example 18 A 64.1 mg, 97 % purity, 180 pmol) were dissolved under argon in toluene/ethanol (0.83/0.83 ml). Tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) (8.69 mg, 7.52 pmol) and 2 M sodium carbonate solution (226 pl, 452 pmol) were added and the mixture was stirred at 100°C overnight. The reaction mixture was diluted with ethyl acetate and water. The aqueous phase was acidified with 1 M hydrochloric acid. The phases were

SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26)

separated and the aqueous phase was extracted twice with ethyl acetate. The combined organic phases were dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and evaporated. The crude product was dissolved in THF/ethanol (3.9/0.39 ml), 1 M aqueous lithium hydroxide solution (1.5 ml, 1.5 mmol) was added and the mixture was stirred overnight at room temperature. The mixture was evaporated, the residue was dissolved in acetonitrile/TFA/water and purified using preparative HPLC (RP18 column, acetonitrile/water gradient with the addition of 0.1% TFA). The product fractions were combined and evaporated. The residue was mixed with 0.1 M hydrochloric acid in dioxane, carefully evaporated at 30°C (twice) and then lyophilized. 53 mg of the target compound (55% of theory, purity 95%) were obtained.

LC-MS (Method 4): Rt = 0.91 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z = 572 [M-HC1+H]+

‘H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) 5 [ppm]: 1.004 (15.46), 1.020 (16.00), 1.491 (0.44), 1.522 (0.50), 1.722 (0.68), 1.753 (0.55), 1.890 (0.47), 1.920 (0.55), 1.967 (0.84), 2.129 (0.76), 2.146 (0.96), 2.163 (0.76), 2.582

(0.91), 2.613 (0.48), 2.999 (0.86), 3.010 (1.71), 3.025 (3.88), 3.041 (2.30), 3.131 (0.88), 3.161 (1.25), 3.177

(2.08), 3.213 (1.75), 3.242 (1.16), 3.467 (1.06), 3.496 (0.84), 3.503 (0.60), 3.519 (0.54), 3.525 (0.50), 3.549

(0.75), 3.555 (0.84), 3.572 (1.57), 3.582 (1.48), 3.589 (1.38), 3.601 (2.78), 3.608 (1.89), 3.633 (0.44), 3.640

(0.41), 3.811 (0.94), 3.847 (1.32), 3.878 (0.71), 4.329 (0.49), 4.439 (0.46), 4.466 (0.73), 4.477 (0.52), 4.839

(0.49), 7.047 (3.30), 7.070 (3.64), 7.082 (2.61), 7.087 (3.29), 7.104 (1.46), 7.109 (0.86), 7.124 (2.34), 7.129

(2.03), 7.160 (3.99), 7.181 (1.96), 7.388 (0.88), 7.490 (4.02), 7.512 (3.81), 7.519 (2.20), 7.650 (0.72), 7.959

(3.78), 9.708 (0.41).

[OC]D20 = -73.05°, c = 0.465g/100cm3, trichloromethane.

Enantiomer 2 has an absolute configuration of R as shown in example 3 A below.

1 – { 3(2?)- 1 – [4-Chloro-4′-(4-isobutylpiperazin- 1 -yl) [biphenyl] -2-yl]piperidin-3-yl } -5-(difluoromethyl)- 1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylic acid hydrochloride

Example 3A

1 – { 3(7?)- 1 – [4-Chloro-4′-(4-isobutylpiperazin- 1 -yl) [biphenyl] -2-yl]piperidin-3-yl } -5-(difluoromethyl)- 1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylic acid hydrochloride hemihydrate

SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26)

100 mg 1 – { 1 – [4-Chloro-4′-(4-isobutylpiperazin- 1 -yl) [biphenyl] -2-yl]piperidin-3-yl } -5-(difluoromethyl)-lH-pyrazole-4-carboxylic acid hydrochloride (Enantiomer 2) (example 3) were solved at 60°C in 3,5 ml 2 -propanol, wherein the 2-propanol was dosed portion wise in lOOpl -portions at 60°C until a clear solution was obtained. Afterwards the vessel was closed with a septum and placed into a slowly cooling sand bath from 60°C to roomtemperature over the weekend -> small amounts of solids were detected. Thereafter the septum was provided with a canula, in order to slowly let the solvent evaporate. After 4 weeks crystals were collected and inspected under a microscope.

str1

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