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DRUG APPROVALS BY DR ANTHONY MELVIN CRASTO
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FDA Approves Brisdelle, paroxetine mesylate- First Non-Hormonal Treatment for Hot Flashes Associated with Menopause
June 28, 2013 –The U.S. Food and Drug Administration today approved Brisdelle (paroxetine) to treat moderate to severe hot flashes (vasomotor symptoms) associated with menopause. Brisdelle, which contains the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor paroxetine mesylate, is currently the only non-hormonal treatment for hot flashes approved by the FDA.
There are a variety of FDA-approved treatments for hot flashes, but all contain either estrogen alone or estrogen plus a progestin.
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more info
PEXEVA® (paroxetine mesylate) is an orally administered psychotropic drug with a chemical structure related to paroxetine hydrochloride (Paxil®). It is the mesylate salt of a phenylpiperidine compound identified chemically as (-)-trans-4R-(4′-fluorophenyl)-3S-[(3′,4′-methylenedioxyphenoxy) methyl] piperidine mesylate and has the empirical formula of C19H20FNO3•CH3SO3H. The molecular weight is 425.5 (329.4 as free base). The structural formula is: paroxetine mesylate
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Paroxetine mesylate is an odorless, off-white powder, having a melting point range of 147° to 150°C and a solubility of more than 1 g/ml in water.
Tablets
Each oval, film-coated tablet contains paroxetine mesylate equivalent to paroxetine as follows: 10 mg (white); 20 mg (scored, dark orange); 30 mg (yellow); 40 mg (rose). Inactive ingredients consist of dibasic calcium phosphate, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose, magnesium stearate, sodium starch glycolate, titanium dioxide, ferric oxide red (C.I. 77491) (20 mg and 40 mg only) and ferric oxide yellow (C.I. 77492) (20 mg, 30 mg, and 40 mg only).
EP1286965B1
Amneal Pharma the 7th largest generic drug manufacturer in the US drug market has received ANDA approval for generic Skelaxin (metaxalone).
metaxalone
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Metaxalone (marketed by King Pharmaceuticals under the brand name Skelaxin) is a muscle relaxant used to relax muscles and relieve pain caused by strains, sprains, and other musculoskeletal conditions. Its exact mechanism of action is not known, but it may be due to general central nervous system depression. It is considered to be a moderately strong muscle relaxant, with relatively low incidence of side effects. Skelaxin is available in an 800 mg scored tablet. Possible side effects include nausea, vomiting, drowsiness and CNS side effects, such as dizziness, headache, and irritability.
Metaxalone exhibits increased bioavailability when taken with food.[1] Specifically, in one study, compared to fasted conditions, the presence of food at the time of drug administration increased Cmax by 77.5%, AUC0-t by 23.5%, and AUC0-∞ by 15.4%.[2] Thus, based on the information in the labeling, patients receiving metaxalone therapy are directed to take metaxalone with food, and are informed that taking metaxalone with food results in an increase in the oral bioavailability of metaxalone compared to taking metaxalone without food.[3][4][5]
The metabolism of metaxalone involves the liver cytochrome P450 system. Based on the information in the labeling, patients receiving metaxalone therapy and physicians prescribing metaxalone are directed to take precaution when coadministering it with other medications involving the P450 system.[6][7]
Because of potential for side effects, this drug is on the list for high risk medications in the elderly.
A literature survey reveals very few methods are reported for the determination of metaxalone to date. Nirogi et al.[2] reported a liquid chromatographic method coupled to tandem mass spectrometry for the quantification of metaxalone in human plasma. A stability-indicating HPLC method was introduced by P.K. Sahu et al.[8] Metaxalone has been used as an internal standard for few analytical methods[9][10]
- Skelaxin Package Insert
- Nirogi RV, Kandikere VN, Shukla M, Mudigonda K, Shrivastava W, Datla PV (May 2006). “Quantification of Metaxalone in Human Plasma by Liquid Chromatography Coupled to Tandem Mass Spectrometry”. J Anal Toxicol 30 (4): 245–51. PMID 16803662.
- id.
- United States Patent No. 6,407,128
- United States Patent No. 6,683,102
- United States Patent No. 7,122,566, by Jie Du, et al
- United States Patent No. 7,378,434, by Jie Du, et al
- Prafulla Kumar Sahu, M. Mathrusri Annapurna and Dillip Kumar Sahoo, Development and Validation of Stability Indicating RP-HPLC Method for the Determination of Metaxalone in Bulk and its Pharmaceutical Formulations; E-Journal of Chemistry, 2011, 8(S1), S439-S447.[1]
- Mistri H N, Jangid A G, Pudage A, Gomes N, Sanyal M and Shrivastav P, J Chromatogr B, 2007, 853(1), 320-332.
- Mistri H N, Jangid A G, Pudage A and Shrivastav P, J Chromatogr B, 2008, 864(1-2), 137-148.
Tobramycin
Tobramycin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic derived from Streptomyces tenebrarius and used to treat various types of bacteria infections, particularly Gram-negative infections. It is especially effective against species of Pseudomonas.[1]
Tobramycin works by binding to a site on the bacterial 30S and 50S ribosome, preventing formation of the 70S complex. As a result, mRNA cannot be translated into protein and cell death ensues. Tobramycin is preferred over gentamicin for Pseudomonas aeruginosapneumonia due to better lung penetration.
Like all aminoglycosides, tobramycin does not pass the gastro-intestinal tract, so forsystemic use it can only be given intravenously or intramuscularly. Ophthalmic (tobramycin only, Tobrex, or combined with dexamethasone, sold as TobraDex) and nebulised formulations both have low systemic absorption. The formulation for injection is branded Nebcin. The nebulised formulation (brand name Tobi) is indicated in the treatment of exacerbations of chronic infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa in patients diagnosed with cystic fibrosis. A proprietary formulation of micronized, nebulized tobramycin has been tested as a treatment for bacterial sinusitis.[2] Tobrex is a 0.3% tobramycin sterile ophthalmic solution is produced by Bausch & Lomb Pharmaceuticals. Benzalkonium chloride 0.01% is added as a preservative. It is available by prescription only in the United States and Canada. In certain countries, such as Italy, it is available over the counter. Tobrex and TobraDex are indicated in the treatment of superficial infections of the eye, such as bacterial conjunctivitis. Tobramycin (injection) is also indicated for various severe or life-threatening gram-negative infections : meningitis in neonates, brucellosis, pelvic inflammatory disease, Yersinia pestis infection (plague).
Like other aminoglycosides, tobramycin is ototoxic: it can cause hearing loss, or a loss ofequilibrioception, or both in genetically susceptible individuals. These individuals carry a normally harmless genetic mutation that allows aminoglycosides such as tobramycin to affect cochlear cells. Aminoglycoside-induced ototoxicity is generally irreversible.
As with all aminoglycosides, tobramycin is also nephrotoxic, meaning it is toxic to thekidneys. This effect can be particularly worrisome when multiple doses accumulate over the course of a treatment or when the kidney concentrates urine by increasing tubular reabsorption during sleep. Adequate hydration may help prevent excess nephrotoxicity and subsequent loss of renal function. For these reasons parenteral tobramycin needs to be carefully dosed by body weight, and its serum concentration monitored. Tobramycin is thus said to be a drug with a narrow therapeutic index.
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Mass-spectrum of tobramycin |
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- “Tobramycin” (pdf). Toku-E. 2010-01-12. Retrieved 2012-06-11.
- “Nebulized Tobramycin in treating bacterial Sinusitis” (Press release). July 22, 2008. Retrieved 2009-12-06.
GSK Duchenne drug gets ‘breakthrough’ status
The US Food and Drug Administration has granted breakthrough therapy designation to GlaxoSmithKline’s drisapersen for the potential treatment of patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy. read all at
http://www.pharmatimes.com/Article/13-06-28/GSK_Duchenne_drug_gets_breakthrough_status.aspx
Drisapersen (also known as PRO051 and GSK2402968 ) is an experimental drug under development by Prosensa for the treatment of Duchenne muscular dystrophy.
The compound is in a Phase III trial which is anticipated to complete by the end of 2013.
- ^ “PRO051/GSK2402968”. Prosensa. Retrieved 29 October 2012
- ^ “A Clinical Study to Assess the Efficacy and Safety of GSK2402968 in Subjects With Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD114044)”. ClinicalTrials.gov. Retrieved 29 October 2012.
Lyxumia approved in Japan for the treatment of type 2 diabetes
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Navidea starts clinical trial for Alzheimer’s diagnostic drug
AZD4694, NAV4694 STRUCTURE
Navidea starts clinical trial for Alzheimer’s diagnostic drug
Business First of Columbus
The Phase 3 trial for the Alzheimer’s agent, at the moment named NAV4694, will compare how well the drugdisplays the buildup of a damaging protein in the brain of patients believed to have Alzheimer’s compared with what’s found in the autopsy. There …
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http://www.bizjournals.com/columbus/news/2013/06/27/navidea-starts-clinical-trial-for.html
http://jnm.snmjournals.org/content/54/6/880.abstract
Navidea Biopharmaceuticals, a Dublin, Ohio biopharmaceutical company focused on precision diagnostics, earlier this week announced the completion of a study of its novel radiopharmaceutical NAV4694 as a biomarker for Alzheimer’s disease (AD).
NAV4694 is designed to aid visual detection and quantification of cerebral beta amyloid in diagnosing Alzheimer’s disease (AD). One hallmark of AD is the accumulation of beta amyloid plaques between nerve cells in the brain.
The study was designed and conducted by Navidea’s partner, AstraZeneca, to assess the safety and of the biomarker during PET scanning in subjects with AD and in healthy volunteers. Efficacy measures included binding parameters and overall image quality. The 16-patient trial was completed at Karolinska Institutet sites in Stockholm, Sweden.
FDA Approves Rixubis – First Recombinant Coagulation Factor IX For Use in Preventing Bleeding Episodes
Rixubis [Coagulation Factor IX (Recombinant)]
June 27, 2013 — The U.S. Food and Drug Administration yesterday approved Rixubis [Coagulation Factor IX (Recombinant)] for use in people with hemophilia B who are 16 years of age and older. Rixubis is indicated for the control and prevention of bleeding episodes, perioperative (period extending from the time of hospitalization for surgery to the time of discharge) management, and routine use to prevent or reduce the frequency of bleeding episodes (prophylaxis).
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TOSEDOSTAT CLINICAL TRIALS
Tosedostat
Benzeneacetic acid, α-[[(2R)-2-[(1S)-1-hydroxy-2-(hydroxyamino)-2-oxoethyl]-4-methyl-1-oxopentyl]amino]-, cyclopentyl ester, (αS)-
Cyclopentyl (2S)-({(2R)-2-[(1S)-1-hydroxy-2-(hydroxyamino)-2-oxoethyl]-4-methylpentanoyl}amino)(phenyl)acetate
[238750-77-1]
Cell Therapeutics, Inc. (CTI) (NASDAQ and MTA: CTIC) today issued the following statement regarding the notification of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (the “FDA”) partial clinical hold on tosedostat (IND 075503), the Company’s aminopeptidase inhibitor under development for the treatment of blood-related cancers, that is being studied in an investigator-sponsored trial and not by CTI. CTI’s primary development programs are the ongoing Phase 3 trial of pacritinib, the Company’s JAK2/FLT3 inhibitor being evaluated for patients with myelofibrosis, and the post-approval commitment study of PIXUVRI®(pixantrone).
http://www.heraldonline.com/2013/06/25/4972677/cti-issues-statement-regarding.html
VIVUS Announces SPEDRA (avanafil) Approval in Europe
AVANAFIL
June 26, 2013
VIVUS, Inc. today announced that the European Commission (EC) has adopted the implementing decision granting marketing authorization for SPEDRA(TM) (avanafil) for the treatment of erectile dysfunction (ED) in the European Union (EU). The approval of the marketing authorization application (MAA) by the EC follows the positive recommendation by the European Medicines Agency’s (EMA) Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use (CHMP) in April 2013.
SPEDRA, a PDE5 inhibitor, is the first new chemical entity (NCE) approved for ED in over a decade. The global market for ED therapies was approximately $5.5 billion in 2012.
About Avanafil
STENDRA, or avanafil, is approved by the FDA for the treatment of erectile dysfunction, or ED, in the U.S. VIVUS, through collaboration arrangements with third parties, intends to market and sell STENDRA in the U.S. and under the trade name SPEDRA in the EU and other territories outside the U.S. Avanafil is licensed from Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation (MTPC). VIVUS owns worldwide development and commercial rights to avanafil for the treatment of sexual dysfunction, with the exception of certain Asian Pacific Rim countries.
VIVUS is currently in discussions with potential partners to commercialize STENDRA in the United States and other territories throughout the world.
It is recommended that STENDRA should be taken approximately 30 minutes before sexual activity. STENDRA should not be taken more than once per day. For more information about STENDRA, please visit www.Stendra.com.
New Drug Approvals 