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ORGANIC SPECTROSCOPY

Read all about Organic Spectroscopy on ORGANIC SPECTROSCOPY INTERNATIONAL 

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DR ANTHONY MELVIN CRASTO Ph.D

DR ANTHONY MELVIN CRASTO Ph.D

DR ANTHONY MELVIN CRASTO, Born in Mumbai in 1964 and graduated from Mumbai University, Completed his Ph.D from ICT, 1991,Matunga, Mumbai, India, in Organic Chemistry, The thesis topic was Synthesis of Novel Pyrethroid Analogues, Currently he is working with AFRICURE PHARMA, ROW2TECH, NIPER-G, Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers, Govt. of India as ADVISOR, earlier assignment was with GLENMARK LIFE SCIENCES LTD, as CONSUlTANT, Retired from GLENMARK in Jan2022 Research Centre as Principal Scientist, Process Research (bulk actives) at Mahape, Navi Mumbai, India. Total Industry exp 32 plus yrs, Prior to joining Glenmark, he has worked with major multinationals like Hoechst Marion Roussel, now Sanofi, Searle India Ltd, now RPG lifesciences, etc. He has worked with notable scientists like Dr K Nagarajan, Dr Ralph Stapel, Prof S Seshadri, etc, He did custom synthesis for major multinationals in his career like BASF, Novartis, Sanofi, etc., He has worked in Discovery, Natural products, Bulk drugs, Generics, Intermediates, Fine chemicals, Neutraceuticals, GMP, Scaleups, etc, he is now helping millions, has 9 million plus hits on Google on all Organic chemistry websites. His friends call him Open superstar worlddrugtracker. His New Drug Approvals, Green Chemistry International, All about drugs, Eurekamoments, Organic spectroscopy international, etc in organic chemistry are some most read blogs He has hands on experience in initiation and developing novel routes for drug molecules and implementation them on commercial scale over a 32 PLUS year tenure till date Feb 2023, Around 35 plus products in his career. He has good knowledge of IPM, GMP, Regulatory aspects, he has several International patents published worldwide . He has good proficiency in Technology transfer, Spectroscopy, Stereochemistry, Synthesis, Polymorphism etc., He suffered a paralytic stroke/ Acute Transverse mylitis in Dec 2007 and is 90 %Paralysed, He is bound to a wheelchair, this seems to have injected feul in him to help chemists all around the world, he is more active than before and is pushing boundaries, He has 100 million plus hits on Google, 2.5 lakh plus connections on all networking sites, 100 Lakh plus views on dozen plus blogs, 227 countries, 7 continents, He makes himself available to all, contact him on +91 9323115463, email amcrasto@gmail.com, Twitter, @amcrasto , He lives and will die for his family, 90% paralysis cannot kill his soul., Notably he has 38 lakh plus views on New Drug Approvals Blog in 227 countries......https://newdrugapprovals.wordpress.com/ , He appreciates the help he gets from one and all, Friends, Family, Glenmark, Readers, Wellwishers, Doctors, Drug authorities, His Contacts, Physiotherapist, etc He has total of 32 International and Indian awards

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Tigemocoxib


Tigemocoxib

MF C15H14ClF3O3 MW 334.72

2H-1-Benzopyran-3-carboxylic acid, 6-chloro-7-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-2-(trifluoromethyl)-, (2S)-

(2S)-7-tert-butyl-6-chloro-2-(trifluoromethyl)-2H-1-benzopyran-3-carboxylic acid

(2S)-7-tert-butyl-6-chloro-2-(trifluoromethyl)-2H-1-benzopyran-3-carboxylic acid
cyclo-oxygenase 2 (COX-2) inhibitor, anti-inflammatory, SC-75416, SC 75416, C8D42HX4WH

CAS 215122-74-0

Originator: Pfizer Inc.

Tigemocoxib is a small molecule drug. The usage of the INN stem ‘-coxib’ in the name indicates that Tigemocoxib is a selective cyclo-oxygenase inhibitor. Tigemocoxib has a monoisotopic molecular weight of 334.06 Da.

Tigemocoxib (also known as SC-75416) is a selective cyclo-oxygenase 2 (COX-2) inhibitor and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) designed for reducing pain and inflammation. Initially developed as an orally bioavailable clinical lead for treating acute, postoperative, and chronic inflammatory pain, it acts by targeting the COX-2 enzyme

SYN

Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry LettersPublication Date: 2010-12-01PMID: 20709553DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2010.07.054

29b-(S) [PMID: 20709553]

PAT

WO2000037469

PAT

EXAMPLE 68

(S)-6-Chloro-7-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-2-(trifluoromethyl)-2H-1- benzopyran-3-carboxylic acid To a solution of 6-chloro-7-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-2-trifluoromethyl-2H-1-benzopyran-3-carboxylic acid (Example 8) (11.4 g, 34.1 mmol) and (S)-(-)-2-amino-3-phenyl-1-propanol (2.57 g, 17.00 mmol) was added n-heptane (200 mL) and the mixture set aside for 16 h. The resulting
suspension was filtered yielding a solid (3.8 g). This solid was recrystallized from 2-butanone (20 mL) and n-heptane (200 mL) yielding upon filtration a white solid (3.0 g).
This solid was dissolved in ethyl acetate (100 mL) and washed with 1 N hydrochloric acid (50 mL) and brine (2 × 50 mL), dried over MgSO4 and concentrated in vacuo yielding a white solid. This solid was recrystallized from n-heptane yielding the title compound of high optical purity as a crystalline solid (1.7 g, 30%): mp 175.4-176.9 °C. 1H NMR (acetone-d6/300 MHz) 7.86 (s, 1H), 7.52 (s, 1H), 7.12 (s,

1 H), 5.83 (q, 1H, J = 7.1 Hz), 1.48 (s, 9H). Anal. Calc’d for C15H14O3F3Cl : C, 53.83; H, 4.22; N, 0.0; Cl, 10.59. Found: C, 53.78; H, 4.20; N, 0.0; Cl, 10.65. This compound was determined to have an optical purity of greater than 90% ee. Chiral purity was determined as describe in Example 66.

EXAMPLE 8

6-Chloro-7-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-2-trifluoromethyl- 2H-1-benzopyran-3-carboxylic acid

Step 1. Preparation of 4-tert-butylsalicylaldehyde.
A five liter three-neck round bottom flask equipped with overhead mechanical stirrer and condenser was charged with trifluoroacetic acid (2.4 L). A mixture of 3-tert-butylphenol (412 g, 2.8 mole) and HMTA (424 g, 3.0 mole) was added portion-wise causing an exotherm. With cooling, the temperature was maintained under 80 °C. The reaction was heated at 80 °C for one hour, then cooled, and water (2 L) added. After 0.5 hour additional water (4 L) was added and the mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate (6 L). The organic extract was washed with water and brine. The resulting organic phase was divided into 2 L volumes and each diluted with water (1 L), and solid NaHCO3 added until the mixture was neutralized. The organic phases were isolated and combined, dried over MgSO4, filtered and
concentrated in vacuo yielding an oil. This oil was
distilled at 95 °C (0.8 mm) yielding the desired
salicylaldehyde as an oil (272.9 g, 56 %) which was of sufficient purity to be used without further purification.

Step 2. Preparation of ethyl 7-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-2- (trifluoromethyl)-2H-1-benzopyran-3-carboxylate.
A one liter three-neck flask was charged with 4-tert-butylsalicylaldehyde (Step 1) (100.0 g, 0.56 mole),
dimethylformamide (110 mL), and potassium carbonate (79.9 g, 0.58 mole) causing the temperature of the mixture to rise to 40 °C. Ethyl 4,4,4-trifluorocrotonate (118.0 g, 0.70 mole) in dimethylformamide (110 mL) was added and the mixture heated to 60 °C at which time the reaction temperature rose to 70 °C. The reaction was cooled to 60 °C, maintained at 60

°C (with addedheating) for 8.5 hours and cooled to room temperature. Ethyl acetate (600 mL) and 3 N HCl (600 mL) were added, mixed, and the layers separated. The aqueous phase was extracted with ethyl acetate and the organic phases were combined. The combined organic phases were washed with brine-water (1:1), brine, dried over MgSO4, filtered and concentrated in vacuo, yielding a semi-solid. Hexane (600 mL) was added with mixing and the mixture was filtered. The filtrate was washed with brine, dried over

MgSO4, filtered and concentrated in vacuo yielding a solid. This solid was dissolved in hot ethanol (600 mL). Water (190 mL) was added which induced crystallization. Filtration of the mixture and drying of the product provided the desired ester as a crystalline solid (131.3 g, 71%): mp 91.0-94.9 °C. This material was of suitable purity to be used in subsequent steps without further purification.

Step 3. Preparation of ethyl 6-chloro-7-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-2-(trifluoromethyl)-2H-1-benzopyran-3-carboxylate.
A one liter three-neck flask equipped with mechanical stirrer and gas inlet tube was charged with the ester (Step 2) (100 g, 0.3 mole) and acetic acid (300 mL). While cooling (water bath) the reaction mixture, chlorine gas (37.6 g, 0.53 mole) was added which caused the temperature to rise to 48 °C. After stirring for two hours, the
reaction was cooled in an ice-water bath to 15 °C. Zinc powder (19.5 g, 0.3 mole) was added in one portion which caused the temperature to rise to 72 °C. After cooling to room temperature additional zinc powder (5.0 g, 0.08 mole) was added and the mixture was stirred for 0.5 hour longer. The crude mixture was filtered through diatomaceous earth and was concentrated in vacuo yielding an oil. The oil was dissolved in ethyl acetate (700 mL) washed with brine-water (1:1, 1 L) and brine (0.5 L). The resulting aqueous phase was extracted with ethyl acetate (700 mL). This ethyl acetate phase was washed with brine-water (1:1, 1 L) and brine (0.5 L). The combined organic phases were dried over

MgSO4, filtered and concentrated in vacuo yielding the title compound as a yellow oil (116 g, 106 %). This material, which contained some entrained ethyl acetate, was of suitable purity to be used in subsequent steps without further purification.

Step 4. Preparation of 6-chloro-7-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-2- (trifluoromethyl)-2H-1-benzopyran-3-carboxylic acid.
To a solution of the ester (Step 3) (116 g,
0.3 mole) in methanol (500 mL) and tetrahydrofuran (500 mL) in a one liter flask was added aqueous
sodium hydroxide (2.5 N, 240 mL, 0.6 mole). After
stirring overnight, the pH of the solution was
adjusted to 1 with concentrated hydrochloric acid
and the solution was extracted with ethyl acetate.
The ethyl acetate phase was dried over MgSO4,
filtered and concentrated in vacuo yielding a
solid. This solid was dissolved in hot ethanol
(500 mL). Water (500 mL) was added and upon
cooling to room temperature crystals formed which
were collected by vacuum filtration. The crystals
were washed with ethanol-water (3:7, 3 X 200 mL)
and dried providing the title acid as a
crystalline solid (91.6 g, 91 %) : mp 194.9-196.5
°C. 1H NMR (acetone-d6/300 MHz) 7.86 (s, 1H),
7.52 (s, 1H), 7.12 (s, 1H), 5.83 (q, 1H, J = 7.1
Hz), 1.48 (s, 9H). Anal. Calc’d for C15H14ClF3O3:
C, 53.83; H, 4.22; Cl, 10.59. Found: C, 53.92; H,
4.24; Cl, 10.50

REF

PAT

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///////////tigemocoxib, ANAX, cyclo-oxygenase 2 (COX-2) inhibitor, anti-inflammatory, SC-75416, SC 75416, C8D42HX4WH

Rivasterat


Rivasterat

CAS 2446590-96-9

MF C37H54O8 MW626.8 g/mol

methyl (E)-6-[(3S,8S,9S,10R,13S,14S,17R)-3-[[(2R,3S,6S)-3-acetyloxy-2-(acetyloxymethyl)-3,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-6-yl]oxy]-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl]hept-5-enoate

27-NORCHOLESTA-5,20(22)-DIEN-26-OIC ACID, 3-((4,6-DI-O-ACETYL-2,3-DIDEOXY-.ALPHA.-D-ERYTHRO-HEX-2-ENOPYRANOSYL)OXY)-, METHYL ESTER, (3.BETA.,20E)-

methyl (20E)-3β-[(4,6-di-O-acetyl-2,3-dideoxy-α-Derythro-hex-2-enopyranosyl)oxy]-27-norcholesta5,20(22)-dien-26-oate
cholesterol-derived steroid, anti-inflammatory, CURACLE, CU-06, CU-06-RE, CU06-1004, CU06-CERE/CV, CU06-EYE, CU06-HAE, CU06-IBD, CU06-ONCO, Sac-1004, 2X23JA5AKW

  • OriginatorCURACLE
  • ClassAnti-inflammatories; Anti-ischaemics; Antineoplastics; Eye disorder therapies; Ischaemic heart disorder therapies; Small molecules; Vascular disorder therapies
  • Mechanism of ActionActin modulators; Chemokine CCL2 inhibitors; Histamine release inhibitors; Interleukin 1 beta inhibitors; Thrombin inhibitors; Vascular endothelial growth factors inhibitors
  • Phase IIDiabetic macular oedema
  • No development reportedAge-related macular degeneration; Cancer; Crohn’s disease; Diabetic retinopathy; Hereditary angioedema; Lung disorders; Macular degeneration; Myocardial infarction; Retinal oedema; Stroke; Ulcerative colitis; Unstable angina pectoris; Wet macular degeneration
  • 28 Aug 2025No recent reports of development identified for research development in Unstable-angina-pectoris in South Korea (PO)
  • 28 Jul 2025No recent reports of development identified for phase-I development in Wet macular degeneration in USA (PO)
  • 28 May 2025No recent reports of development identified for phase-I development in Age-related-macular-degeneration in South Korea (PO)

Developer and Code Name

  • Original code name: CU06-1004
  • Developer: Curacle Co., Ltd. (South Korea)
  • Drug class: Endothelial dysfunction blocker (EDB)

This class of drugs aims to restore endothelial barrier integrity rather than directly blocking VEGF like most retinal drugs.

The molecule contains:

  • Steroid (cyclopenta[a]phenanthrene) core
  • Unsaturated heptenoate side chain
  • Acetylated sugar moiety (pyranose)

This glycosylated steroid structure is unusual for vascular-protective drugs.

Clinical Development

Phase I (Healthy Volunteers)

Key findings:

  • Dose tested: 100–1200 mg
  • Exposure increased more than dose proportional
  • Food greatly increased absorption
  • No significant drug accumulation after repeated dosing
  • Minimal renal excretion detected

Phase II

Early clinical trials investigated oral therapy for diabetic macular edema with improvements in:

  • Best-corrected visual acuity
  • Inflammatory biomarkers

Summary

ItemDetails
DrugRivasterat (CU06-1004)
OriginatorCuracle
Core patentWO2013011939
Chemistrysteroid glycoside
Key stepsteroid glycosylation
Priority~2011
Expiry~2031–2033

SYNTHESIS

WO2013011939

US20140148474

EP2741074

KR20130007373

SYN

Manufacturing Example  1> Manufacturing of compound 1

[170]Compound 1 represented by the following chemical formula 1 can be manufactured using the manufacturing method described in Korean unpublished patent application number 10-2019-0166864. Specifically, it can be manufactured using the method according to the following reaction scheme 1 or reaction scheme 2.

Step    1:    Preparation of 6-1

A thermometer was installed in a 5 L flask, and 200 g (0.632 mol) of pregnenolone was added to 2000 mL of dichloromethane, and 173 mL (1.896 mol) of 3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran was added. After lowering the temperature to 0-5 ℃, 3.0 g (15.8 mmol) of p-toluenesulfonic acid monohydrate dissolved in 50 mL of tetrahydrofuran (THF) was added dropwise and stirred at 0 ℃ for 1.5 hours. At 0 ℃, 800 mL of saturated sodium bicarbonate aqueous solution and 10 mL of triethylamine (TEA) were added to the reaction mixture and stirred. After separating the layers, the organic layer was washed with 800 mL of brine, and the aqueous layers were extracted again with 200 mL of dichloromethane, combined into the organic layers, dried over 200 g of anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered, and distilled under reduced pressure. 1000 mL of MeOH and 5 mL of TEA were added to the obtained residue, heated to completely dissolve, and the temperature was lowered and stirred at -5 °C for 1 hour. The resulting solid was filtered and washed with 200 mL of MeOH to obtain 232.0 g (0.579 mol) of 6-1 (THP-Pregnenolone) as a pure white solid in a yield of 91.6%. 

[204]1H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl 3): δ 5.33-5.36 (m, 1H), 4.71-4.72 (m, 1H), 3.85-3.94 (m, 1H), 3.46-3.56 (m, 2H), 1.00-2.55 (m, 32H), 0.62 (s, 3H).

 Step  2:  Preparation of 4-2

After installing a condenser, heating mantle, and mechanical stirrer in a 5L reactor, the reactor was heated to 119℃ (external temperature), cooled to room temperature while flowing nitrogen for 5 minutes, dried, and 332.5 g (0.75 mol) of 4-(carboxybutyl)triphenylphosphonium bromide and 168.1 g (1.50 mol) of potassium t-butoxide were added. Then, 2000 mL of anhydrous toluene and 750 mL of anhydrous tetrahydrofuran were added, and the reactor was heated to 119℃ (external temperature, internal mild reflux) and stirred for about 2 hours. 

[209]6-1 100.0 g (0.250 mol) was dissolved in 500 mL of anhydrous toluene, added to the reaction solution, and reacted for about 20 hours. After the reaction was completed, the reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, 320 mL (5.14 mol) of methyl iodide and 1000 mL of acetone were added, and stirred at room temperature for 15 hours. Most of the organic solvent was removed from the reaction mixture by distillation under reduced pressure, 1500 mL of ethyl acetate was added to dissolve, and the mixture was washed with 1000 mL of saturated ammonium chloride aqueous solution. The organic layer was washed twice with 1000 mL of water and 1000 mL of brine, dried with 100 g of sodium sulfate, filtered using 80 g of Celite, and concentrated. 

[210]The obtained residue was dissolved in 2000 mL of methanol, stirred at 10°C for 13 hours and at 4-5°C for 1 hour, and the resulting solid was filtered, washed with 200 mL of methanol, and dried in vacuum to obtain 66.2 g of 4-2 as a white solid with a yield of 53.2%. 

[211]

1H NMR(400MHz, CDCl 3): δ 5.36(t, J=5.80 Hz, 1H), 5.16(t, J=7.00 Hz, 1H), 4.71(m, 1H), 3.93(m, 1H), 3.66(s, 3H), 3.56(m, 2H), 2.37-0.88(m, 38H), 0.54(s, 3H).

Step    3:    Preparation of 2-1

After installing a thermometer and a water bath in a 1 L flask, 42.0 g (0.101 mol) of compound 2-1 and 34.5 g (0.126 mol) of triiO-acetyl D-glucal were dissolved in 126 mL of anhydrous toluene and 252 mL of acetonitrile, and while maintaining the temperature at 30-35 ℃, 3.87 g (0.0130 mol) of lithium nonafluoro-1-butylsulfonate and 0.117 g (0.0005 mol) of (s)-camphor sulfonic acid were added and stirred for 2 hours. After completion of the reaction, the reaction was quenched with 504 mL of saturated sodium bicarbonate aqueous solution and extracted with 630 mL of heptane. The organic layer was washed twice with 504 mL of saturated sodium bicarbonate aqueous solution and then with 504 mL of brine. The organic layer was stirred with 42 g of anhydrous sodium sulfate and 34 g of charcoal, filtered with 34 g of celite, washed with 210 mL of methylene chloride, combined with the filtrate, concentrated, and dried under vacuum. 

[222]

[223]

1H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) : δ 5.79-5.88 (m, 2H), 5.35-5.36 (m, 1H), 5.27-5.29 (m, 1H), 5.12-5.16 (m, 2H), 4.15-4.24 (m, 3H), 3.66 (s, 3H), 3.54-3.57 (m, 1H), 0.91-2.32 (m, 38H), 0.54 (s, 3H).

PAT

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////////rivasterat, cholesterol-derived steroid, anti-inflammatory, CURACLE, CU-06, CU-06-RE, CU06-1004, CU06-CERE/CV, CU06-EYE, CU06-HAE, CU06-IBD, CU06-ONCO, Sac-1004, 2X23JA5AKW

Navepdekinra


Navepdekinra

CAS 2467732-66-5

MF C33H48FN7O4 MW625.78

1H-Pyrazole-5-carboxamide, 1-ethyl-N-[(1S)-2-[[2-fluoro-4-[(1S,2R)-1-methyl-3-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-3-oxo-2-[(1-oxopropyl)amino]propyl]phenyl]amino]-1-(trans-4-methylcyclohexyl)-2-oxoethyl]-

1-ethyl-N-{(1S)-2-{2-fluoro-4-[(2S,3R)-4-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-4-oxo-3-propanamidobutan-2-yl]anilino}-1-[(1r,4S)-4-methylcyclohexyl]-2-oxoethyl}-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxamide

1-ethyl-N-{(1S)-2-{2-fluoro-4-[(2S,3R)-4-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-4-oxo-3-propanamidobutan-2-
yl]anilino}-1-[(1r,4S)-4-methylcyclohexyl]-2-oxoethyl}-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxamide
interleukin-17A (IL-17A) inhibitor, anti-inflammatory, DC-806, LY4100504, DC 806, LY 4100504, Y64F9MC2QM

Navepdekinra (also known as DC-806 or LY4100504) is an experimental, orally active small-molecule inhibitor of interleukin-17A (IL-17A). It was primarily developed to treat autoimmune and inflammatory conditions, such as psoriasis, by disrupting the interaction between IL-17A and its receptor.

Key Properties and Development

  • Mechanism: It is a potent inhibitor with an IC50 of 10.81 nM, designed to provide an oral alternative to existing injectable IL-17 biologic therapies.
  • Acquisition: The drug was originally developed by DICE Therapeutics, which was acquired by Eli Lilly and Company in 2023 for approximately $2.4 billion to bolster their immunology pipeline.

Navepdekinra (DC-806) is an orally active, potent interleukin-17A (IL-17A) inhibitor (IC50 = 10.81 nM). Navepdekinra disrupts the IL-17A protein-receptor interaction, suppressing the downstream pro-inflammatory signaling pathway. Navepdekinra inhibits arthritis in a collage-induced arthritis (CIA) rat model. Navepdekinra can be used for psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis, and ankylosing spondylitis

SYN

Example 210: N-[(2R,3S)-3-{4-[(2S)-2-[(1-ethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)formamido]-2-[(1r,4S)-4-methylcyclo hexyl]acetamido]-3-fluorophenyl}-1-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-1-oxobutan-2-yl]propanamide) (234)

 Following General Procedure R, 0.227 g, 0.310 mmol, 1.0 eq) of 82d in DMF (1 mL) were added 1-ethyl-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxylic acid (0.052 g, 0.372 mmol, 1.2 eq), DIPEA (0.43 mL, 2.482 mmol, 8.0 eq) and then HATU (0.177 g, 0.465 mmol, 1.5 eq.) and the resulting mixture was stirred at RT for 1 h. The mixture was concentrated to dryness and the residue was purified via reverse phase column chromatography on a 120 g C18 cartridge eluting with a 5-95% H 2O:MeCN eluent (0.1% ammonia) to afford 234 (0.025 g) as a white solid. 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6) δ 9.86 (s, 1H), 8.46 (d, J=8.3 Hz, 1H), 8.26 (d, J=8.7 Hz, 1H), 7.75 (t, J=8.3 Hz, 1H), 7.47 (d, J=2.1 Hz, 1H), 7.15-7.07 (m, 1H), 7.05-6.97 (m, 2H), 4.86 (t, J=9.4 Hz, 1H), 4.53 (t, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 4.47 (q, J=7.2 Hz, 2H), 3.46-3.38 (m, 2H), 3.29-3.14 (m, 2H), 3.12-2.99 (m, 2H), 2.25-2.03 (m, 5H), 1.98 (s, 3H), 1.81 (ddt, J=15.0, 9.9, 5.6 Hz, 2H), 1.74-1.60 (m, 4H), 1.58-1.47 (m, 1H), 1.28 (t, J=7.1 Hz, 4H), 1.20 (d, J=7.0 Hz, 3H), 1.14-1.02 (m, 1H), 0.99 (t, J=7.6 Hz, 3H), 0.93-0.87 (m, 1H), 0.86 (d, J=6.5 Hz, 3H). UPLC-MS (basic 4 min): rt=1.76 min; m/z=626.4 for [M+H] +.

PAT

Example 1: Exemplary Scheme—Synthesis of Intermediate Compounds 62a-62d

PAT

IL-17 Ligands And Uses Thereof

Publication Number: US-2020247785-A1

Priority Date: 2019-02-06

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Glasmacinal


Glasmacinal

CAS 2097822-02-9

MF C37H62N2O10 MW694.90

[(2S,3R,4S,6R)-4-(dimethylamino)-2-[[(2R,3S,4R,5R,8R,10R,11R,12S,13S,14R)-2-ethyl-3,4,10,13-tetrahydroxy-3,5,6,8,10,12,14-heptamethyl-15-oxo-1-oxa-6-azacyclopentadec-11-yl]oxy]-6-methyloxan-3-yl] benzoate

(2R,3S,4R,5R,8R,10R,11R,12S,13S,14R)-11-{[2-O-benzoyl-3,4,6-trideoxy-3-(dimethylamino) -β-D-xylo-hexopyranosyl]oxy}-2-ethyl3,4,10,13-tetrahydroxy-3,5,6,8,10,12,14-heptamethyl-1-oxa-6-
azacyclopentadecan-15-one
non-antibacterial macrolide, anti-inflammatory, EP 395, M3T8D3P634

SYN

https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=US234729681&_cid=P12-MKVZ26-57135-1

Example 2: (2S,3R,4S,6R)-4-(dimethylamino)-2-[[(2R,3S,4R,5R,8R,10R,11R,12S,13S,14R)-2-ethyl-3,4,10,13-tetrahydroxy-3,5,6,8,10,12,14-heptamethyl-15-oxo-1-oxa-6-azacyclopentadec-11-yl]oxy]-6-methyl-tetrahydropyran-3-yl] benzoate)

To a mixture of (2R,3S,4R,5R,8R,10R,11R,12S,13S,14R)-11-[(2S,3R,4S,6R)-4-(dimethylamino)-3-hydroxy-6-methyl-tetrahydropyran-2-yl]oxy-2-ethyl-3,4,10,13-tetrahydroxy-3,5,6,8,10,12,14-heptamethyl-1-oxa-6-azacyclopentadecan-15-one (Example 1) (0.5 g, 0.8500 mmol) and Triethylamine (428.2 mg, 4.23 mmol) in DCM (5 ml), cooled on ice, was added Benzoyl chloride (356.9 mg, 2.54 mmol). The reaction mixture was allowed to reach room temperature. After 3 days good conversion to the desired benzoylated product was obtained and the mixture was portioned between DCM and saturated sodium hydrogen carbonate solution. The organic phase was dried over magnesium sulphate and concentrated to a white foam. The product was purified using reversed phase chromatography (see general information)

PAT

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Cenacitinib


Cenacitinib

CAS 2641636-52-2

MF C19H19F2N7O3 MW431.4

Urea, N-[(1R,2S)-2-fluorocyclopropyl]-N′-[5-[(7-fluoro-2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-5-yl)amino]-7-(methylamino)pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-3-yl]-

N-{5-[(7-fluoro-2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-5-yl)amino]-7-(methylamino)pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-3-yl}-N′-[(1R,2S)-2-fluorocyclopropyl]urea

Janus kinase inhibitor, anti-inflammatory, VTX958, VTX 958, SB88R8KGL3

VTX958 for the Treatment of Moderately to Severely Active Crohn’s Disease

CTID: NCT05688852

Phase: Phase 2

Status: Terminated

Date: 2025-07-03

SYN

[US20210139486]

https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=US323750705&_cid=P22-MKEUDK-45432-1

Example 4: Synthesis of 1-(5-((7-fluoro-2,3-dihydrobenzo[b][1,4]dioxin-5-yl)amino)-7-(methylamino)pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-3-yl)-3-((1R,2S)-2-fluorocyclopropyl)urea (5)

Step 1: To a solution of 1E (100 g, 288 mmol) and 2E (57 g, 345 mmol) in dry 1,4-dioxane (3000 mL) under N atmosphere was added Cs 2CO (141 g, 432 mmol), Pd(OAc) (5.2 g, 23.3 mmol) and BINAP (28.6 g, 46.6 mmol). After stirring at 115° C. overnight, the reaction mixture was cooled to rt. and diluted with hexane (3000 mL). The solid was collected by filtration and washed with 2×1500 mL (50% hexane in DCM). The solid was suspended into 5000 mL water and stirred for 1 h. The solid was collected by filtration and dried under vacuum to afford compound 2 (90 g, 65%) as a brown solid.
      Step 2: To a solution of compound 2 (70 g, 145 mmol) in NMP (2000 mL) was added saturated NH 4Cl (aq., 1000 mL) and Fe (92.8 g, 1.45 mol). After stirring at 80° C. for 5.0 hours, the reaction mixture was cooled to rt. and filtrated. The filtrate was poured into water (20 L) and the solid was collected by filtration. The solid was dissolved with DCM (˜1500 mL) and flashed through a short silica gel column, the column was washed with another 3000 mL of DCM/MeOH=30/1. The organic phases were concentrated under vacuum. The residue was triturated by EtOH/MeCN (2000 mL, 5/1, v/v). The solid was collected by filtration and dried under vacuum to afford compound 3 (46 g, 71%) as a brown solid.
      Step 3: To a solution of compound 3 (86 g, 0.19 mol, 1.0 eq.) in DMF (800 mL) was added 3C (44.7 g, 0.23 mol, 1.3 eq.) and TEA (38.6 g, 0.38 mol, 2 eq.). After stirring at 80° C. for 2 hours, the reaction mixture was cooled to RT and poured into water (8000 mL). The solid was collected by filtration and dried under vacuum. The residue was triturated by EtOH/MeCN (1200 mL, 5/1, v/v). The solid was collected by filtration and dried under vacuum to afford compound 4 (75 g, 71%) as a brown solid.
      Step 4: To a solution of compound 4 (118 g, 0.21 mol, 1.0 eq.) in DCM (1200 mL) was added triethylsilane (37.3 g, 0.32 mol, 1.5 eq.). After stirring for 10 mins, TFA (240 mL) was added into the mixture and the reaction solution was stirred at rt. for 0.5 hour. TfOH (60 mL) was added and the reaction solution was stirred at rt. for another 2 hour. The reaction mixture was poured into saturated NaHCO (30 mL). The solid was collected by filtration and dried under vacuum. The solid was triturated with EtOH (500 mL) and collected by filtration. The solid was triturated with EtOAc (2×500 mL). The solid was collected by filtration and dried under vacuum to afford 1-(5-((7-fluoro-2,3-dihydrobenzo[b][1,4]dioxin-5-yl)amino)-7-(methylamino)pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-3-yl)-3-((1R,2S)-2-fluorocyclopropyl)urea (5) (80 g, 86%) as a yellow solid. LCMS: 432.1 [M+H] +.

PAT

Tyk2 pseudokinase ligands

Publication Number: US-2021139486-A1

Priority Date: 2019-11-08

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Zemprocitinib


Zemprocitinib

CAS 2417414-44-7

MF C16H19N5O2S MW 345.4 g/mol

N-[3-(3,5,8,10-tetrazatricyclo[7.3.0.02,6]dodeca-1,4,6,8,11-pentaen-3-yl)-1-bicyclo[1.1.1]pentanyl]propane-1-sulfonamide

N-[3-(imidazo[4,5-d]pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-1(6H)-yl)bicyclo[1.1.1]pentan-1-yl]propane-1-sulfonamide
Janus kinase inhibitor, anti-inflammatory, LNK 01001, LG6MM3RP86

Zemprocitinib (also known as LNK01001) is a selective Janus kinase (JAK) 1 inhibitor, a type of small molecule drug being developed for inflammatory and autoimmune conditions like rheumatoid arthritis, atopic dermatitis, and ankylosing spondylitis. It works by blocking the JAK1 enzyme, reducing the inflammatory signals that cause these diseases, and has shown promising results in clinical trials, with development reaching Phase 3. 

Key Aspects:

  • Drug Class: JAK1 Inhibitor.
  • Mechanism: Blocks Janus Kinase 1, a key enzyme in inflammatory pathways.
  • Developer: Initially Lynk Pharmaceuticals.
  • Potential Uses: Rheumatoid Arthritis, Atopic Dermatitis, Ankylosing Spondylitis, Psoriasis, Alopecia Areata.
  • Development Stage: Reached Phase 3 clinical trials for several indications.
  • Chemical Info: CAS: 2417414-44-7; Formula: C16H19N5O2S. 

In Summary:

Zemprocitinib is an investigational drug targeting inflammation by inhibiting JAK1, with potential to treat various autoimmune disorders, showing strong efficacy in early clinical trials for conditions like rheumatoid arthritis. 

SYN

US20220009927

https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=US347660217&_cid=P21-MJDP3D-82397-1

Example 1

Step 1. 4-Chloro-1-tosyl-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine (1b)

      Compound 1a (30 g, 0.2 mol) and TsCl (45 g, 0.24 mol) were dissolved in a mixture of acetone and water (600 mL, V:V=5:1) followed by the addition of NaOH (11.8 g, 0.29 mmol) at 0° C. After stirring at RT for 1 h, the mixture was concentrated to 100 mL of solvent and cooled with ice-water. The formed solid was filtered and dried to afford title product as a white solid (52 g, 86% yield). 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl 3) δ 8.30 (d, J=5.6 Hz, 1H), 8.05 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 2H), 7.76 (d, J=4.0 Hz, 1H), 7.27 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 2H), 7.18 (d, J=5.2 Hz, 1H), 6.69 (d, J=4.0 Hz, 1H), 2.37 (s, 3H).

Step 2. 4-Chloro-5-nitro-1-tosyl-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine (1c)

      To a mixture of compound 1b (5.0 g, 16.3 mmol) and 75 mL of DCM was added tetrabutylammonium nitrate (2.9 g, 21.3 mmol) portion-wise at 0° C. followed by trifluoroacetic anhydride (3.14 mL, 22.2 mmol) slowly. After stirring for 16 hrs at RT, another portion of tetrabutylammonium nitrate (0.58 g, 4.23 mmol) and trifluoroacetic anhydride (0.8 mL, 5.7 mmol) were added at 0° C. After warmed up to room temperature, the reaction mixture was stirred for 4 hrs at RT. The reaction mixture was diluted with DCM (150 mL), washed with water (30 mL×2) and then concentrated to dryness. The residue was triturated in MeOH to afford title product as a white solid (3.15 g, 55% yield). LC-MS (Method 2): t R=1.76 min, m/z (M+H) +=351.8.

Step 3. Tert-butyl 3-((5-nitro-1-tosyl-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-4-yl)amino)bicyclo[1.1.1]pentane-1-carboxylate (Id)

      Compound 1c (500 mg, 1.42 mmol), tert-butyl 3-aminobicyclo[1.1.1]pentane-1-carboxylate (313 mg, 1.71 mmol) and DIPEA (276 mg, 2.13 mmol) were dissolved in isopropanol (5 mL). The above solution was stirred at 120° C. for 2 hrs. After cooling, the formed solid was collected by filtering and dried to afford the title product as a brown solid (612 mg, 86% yield). 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl 3) δ 9.28 (s, 1H), 9.11 (s, 1H), 8.07 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 2H), 7.64 (d, J=5.6 Hz, 1H), 7.30 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 2H), 6.96 (d, J=5.6 Hz, 1H), 2.48 (s, 6H), 2.40 (s, 3H), 1.47 (s, 9H).

Step 4. Tert-butyl 3-((5-amino-1-tosyl-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-4-yl)amino)bicyclo[1.1.1]pentane-1-carboxylate (le)

      Compound 1d (600 mg, 1.22 mmol) was dissolved in MeOH (6 mL) followed by the addition of Pd/C (48 mg, 10% wt) in one portion. The mixture was hydrogenated (1 atm) at RT for 16 hrs. The mixture was filtered and the filtrate was concentrated. The residue was purified by prep. TLC (PE:EtOAc=1:1) to afford the title product as a white solid (258 mg, 46% yield). LC-MS (Method 2): t R=1.64 min, m/z (M+H) +=469.0.

Step 5. Tert-butyl 3-(6-tosylimidazo[4,5-d]pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-1(6H)-yl)bicyclo[1.1.1]pentane-1-carboxylate (1f)

      Compound 1e (258 mg, 0.55 mmol), triethyl orthoformate (204 mg, 1.37 mmol) and p-toluenesulfonic acid (10 mg, 0.05 mmol) were dissolved in toluene (6 mL). The mixture was stirred for 16 hrs at 120° C. After cooling, the mixture was concentrated to dryness. The residue was purified by chromatography on silica gel (elute: PE:EtOAc=1:1) to afford the title product as a brown solid (191 mg, 73% yield). 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl 3) δ 8.91 (s, 1H), 8.10 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 2H), 7.82 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 2H), 7.27-7.25 (m, 2H), 6.83 (d, J=4.4 Hz, 1H), 2.71 (s, 6H), 2.35 (s, 3H), 1.51 (s, 9H).

Step 6. 3-(6-Tosylimidazo[4,5-d]pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-1(6LF)-yl)bicyclo[1.1.1]pentane-1-carboxylic acid (1g)

      To a solution of compound 1f (191 mg, 0.40 mmol) in DCM (2 mL) was added TFA (1 mL). After stirring for 16 hrs at RT, the mixture was concentrated to dryness to afford crude title product as a brown solid (170 mg, 100% yield). LC-MS (Method 2): t R=1.47 min, m/z (M+H) +=423.0

Step 7. Tert-butyl (3-(6-tosylimidazo[4,5-d]pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-1(6LF)-yl)bicyclo[1.1.1]pentan-1-yl)carbamate (1h)

      To a mixture of compound 1g (153 mg, 0.36 mmol) in tert-butanol (7.2 mL) was added DPPA (130 mg, 0.47 mmol) and TEA (73 mg, 0.72 mmol) under N 2. The mixture was stirred at RT for 30 minutes and then raised to 90° C. and stirred for another 16 hrs. After cooling, the mixture was concentrated to dryness. The residue was purified by chromatography on silica gel (elute: DCM:MeOH=50:1) to afford the title product as a brown solid (160 mg, 89% yield). LC-MS (Method 2): t R=1.71 min, m/z (M+H) +=494.0.

Step 8. Tert-butyl (3-(imidazo[4,5-d]pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-1(6H)-yl)bicyclo[1.1.1]pentan-1-yl)carbamate (1i)

      To a solution of compound 1h (160 mg, 0.32 mmol) in MeOH (3 mL) and water (3 mL) was added NaOH (300 mg, 7.5 mmol). After stirring for 4 hrs at RT, the mixture was concentrated. The residue was diluted with water (20 mL) and extracted with EtOAc (30 mL*2). The combined organic layers were concentrated to dryness and the residue was purified by chromatography on silica gel (elute: DCM:MeOH=20:1) to afford the title product as a white solid (60 mg, 55% yield). 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl 3) δ 9.99 (s, 1H), 9.81 (s, 1H), 7.80 (s, 1H), 7.39 (d, J=4.4 Hz, 1H), 6.36 (d, J=4.4 Hz, 1H), 5.30 (br s, 1H), 2.80 (s, 6H), 1.50 (s, 9H).

Step 9. 3-(Imidazo[4,5-d]pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-1(6H)-yl)bicyclo[1.1.1]pentan-1-amine 2,2,2-trifluoroacetate (1j)

      To a solution of compound 1i (60 mg, 0.18 mmol) in DCM (2 mL) was added TFA (0.5 mL). After stirring for 1 hour at RT, the mixture was concentrated to dryness to afford crude title product as a brown solid (100 mg, 100% yield). LC-MS (Method 2): t R=0.309 min, m/z (M+H) +=240.0

Step 10. N-(3-(Imidazo[4,5-d]pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-1(6H)-yl)bicyclo[1.1.1]pentan-1-yl)propane-1-sulfonamide (1)

      To a solution of compound 1j (40 mg, 0.16 mmol) and TEA (51 mg, 50 mmol) in DMF (1 mL) was added propane-1-sulfonyl chloride (28 mg, 0.5 mmol) at 0° C. After stirring for 3 hrs at RT, the mixture was diluted with water (20 mL) and extracted with EtOAc (20 mL*3). The combined organic layers were concentrated to dryness. The residue was purified prep. HPLC (Method A) to afford the title product as a white solid (10 mg, 18% yield). LC-MS (Method 1): t R=2.71 min, m/z (M+H) +=346.0. 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6) δ 11.94 (s, 1H), 8.59 (d, J=1.6 Hz, 1H), 8.40 (s, 1H), 8.13 (s, 1H), 7.51 (s, 1H), 6.70 (d, J=1.6 Hz, 1H), 3.08 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 2H), 2.70 (s, 6H), 1.74-1.72 (m, 2H), 1.73 (d, J=6.0 Hz, 3H).

PAT

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Nibrozetone


Nibrozetone

CAS 925206-65-1

MF C5H6BrN3O5 MW268.02 g/mol

2-bromo-1-(3,3-dinitroazetidin-1-yl)ethan-1-one

2-Bromo-1-(3,3-dinitroazetidin-1-yl)ethanone

2-BROMO-1-(3,3-DINITROAZETIDIN-1-YL)ETHAN-1-ONE

anti-inflammatory, RRx-001, RRx 001, ABDNAZ

Nibrozetone is an investigational new drug that is being evaluated by EpicentRx for the treatment of oral mucositis in head and neck cancer patients. It is a small molecule that combines direct inhibition of the NLRP3 inflammasome, induction of NRF2, and release of nitric oxide under hypoxic conditions.[1][2] It has received Fast Track designation from the FDA for severe oral mucositis in head and neck cancer patients.[3]

Nibrozetone (RRx-001) is an investigational, multi-action small molecule drug that is being developed by EpicentRx for a range of conditions, including head and neck cancers, small cell lung cancer, and neurodegenerative diseases like Parkinson’s and ALS. Its mechanism involves inhibiting the NLRP3 inflammasome, activating the Nrf2 pathway, and releasing nitric oxide in hypoxic tumor environments, while also protecting healthy tissues. It is being evaluated for its potential to reduce the side effects of cancer treatments and as a disease-modifying therapy itself. 

How it works

  • Anti-inflammatory: Nibrozetone inhibits the NLRP3 inflammasome, which is a key driver of inflammation in several diseases.
  • Antioxidant: It activates the Nrf2 pathway, a cellular defense mechanism that protects against oxidative stress.
  • Tumor-specific delivery: It acts as a “hypoxia-activated” drug, releasing a nitric oxide-releasing radical only in the low-oxygen environment of tumors, which can be toxic to cancer cells.
  • Protective to normal tissue: The drug’s protective mechanisms are thought to keep it from causing harm to healthy tissues outside of the tumor environment. 

Current and potential uses

  • Oral mucositis: It is being studied to prevent and treat severe mouth sores that can be a side effect of head and neck cancer radiation therapy.
  • Small cell lung cancer (SCLC): It is being investigated in a Phase 3 trial for the treatment of SCLC.
  • Neurodegenerative diseases: Animal studies have shown promising neuroprotective effects in models of Parkinson’s and ALS.
  • Other potential applications: Research is ongoing for its use as a treatment for other conditions, including endometriosis, toxic exposures, and various types of cancers. 
  • RRx-001 in Lung Cancer, Ovarian Cancer and Neuroendocrine Tumors Prior to Re-administration of Platinum Based Doublet Regimens (QUADRUPLE THREAT)CTID: NCT02489903Phase: Phase 2Status: CompletedDate: 2025-03-17
  • RRx-001 for Reducing Oral Mucositis in Patients Receiving Chemotherapy and Radiation for Head and Neck CancerCTID: NCT05966194Phase: Phase 2Status: RecruitingDate: 2024-11-15
  • Safety and Efficacy of RRx-001 in the Attenuation of Oral Mucositis in Patients Receiving Chemoradiation for the Treatment of Oral CancersCTID: NCT03515538Phase: Phase 2Status: CompletedDate: 2024-11-04
  • Safety and Pharmacokinetic Study of RRx-001 in Cancer SubjectsCTID: NCT01359982Phase: Phase 1Status: CompletedDate: 2024-11-01
  • RRx-001 Given With Irinotecan and Temozolomide for Pediatric Patients With Recurrent or Progressive Malignant Solid and Central Nervous System TumorsCTID: NCT04525014Phase: Phase 1Status: TerminatedDate: 2024-10-31

REF

PAT

SYN

WO-2011100090

https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=WO2011100090&_cid=P11-MHTYGA-61308-1

Cyclic nitro compounds, such as ABDNAZ, are being investigated for their potential use in treating cancer. Methods of synthesizing ABDNAZ have been described, such as in United States Patent No. 7,507,842 to Bednarski et al.

(“Bednarski”). In Bednarski, ABDNAZ is synthesized by reacting

l-½rt-butyl-3,3-dinitroazetidine (DNAZ) with bromoacetyl bromide and boron trifluoride etherate. For every mole of ABDNAZ produced, a mole of a hydrogen bromide salt of DNAZ (DNAZ HBr) is also produced as a coproduct. The ABDNAZ is isolated from the DNAZ HBr by cooling the reaction mixture, adding

dichloromethane, and filtering the DNAZ HBr. Solid DNAZ HBr is sensitive to impact, friction, and other external stimuli and, therefore, must be handled carefully. The dichloromethane filtrate is washed with water, dried, and then the dichloromethane is evaporated, producing a crude ABDNAZ mixture. The product is washed sequentially with diethyl ether and dried under vacuum, yielding ABDNAZ that is approximately 98% pure and at a yield of approximately 75% (based on bromoacetyl bromide). The 2% of impurities remaining in the ABDNAZ are believed to include

bromoacetic acid, unreacted DNAZ, and DNAZ HBr. This method of producing ABDNAZ is referred to herein as the Bednarski process. While the Bednarski process provides ABDNAZ at a reasonable purity and yield, the purity is not sufficient for pharmaceutical uses. In addition, solid DNAZ HBr produced during the Bednarski process is an explosive compound, which adds to the complexity of producing

Example 2

Synthesis of ABDNAZ from DNAZ

A three neck round bottom flask (3 L) equipped with a magnetic stir bar and a water jacketed reflux condenser was charged with the dichloromethane solution of DNAZ (produced as described in Example 1). A nitrogen gas purge of the apparatus was initiated and, after ten minutes, boron trifluoride diethyletherate (6.37 mL, 52 mmol) was added, followed by bromoacetyl bromide (33.77 mL, 388 mmol). The flask was sealed, except for a small vent at the top of the condenser, and the solution was heated to a mild reflux. After six hours (± 0.5 hour), heating was stopped and dichloromethane (1000 mL) and distilled water (800 mL) were added, in that order, to the heterogeneous mixture. The two-phase system was stirred vigorously for sixteen hours, until all solids (DNAZ HBr) were dissolved. The two-phase system was then transferred to a separatory funnel. The aqueous phase was removed and the organic phase was washed with additional distilled water (4 x 500 mL). The organic phase was dried with sodium sulfate (100 g – 150 g) and then transferred to a single neck, round bottom flask. The solution was concentrated on a rotary evaporator to approximately half of its initial volume and then ethanol (250 mL) was added. The remaining dichloromethane was removed by a rotary evaporator, causing precipitation of clear, colorless crystals. The flask was chilled in an ice bath for thirty minutes. The precipitate was isolated by vacuum filtration, rinsed with additional cold ethanol (5 x 150 mL), and dried to afford pure ABDNAZ (56.04 g, 81% yield): Ή NMR

(d6-acetone) δ 4.02 (s, 2H, -CH2Br ), 4.96 (br s, 2H, ring -CH2), 5.36 (br s, 2H, ring -CH2); 13C NMR (d6-acetone) δ 25.58, 58.58, 60.53, 107.69, 167.48.

SYN

https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=WO2007022225&_cid=P11-MHTYDP-59218-1

Example 5: Synthesis of ABDNAZ
[00139] A 25 ml, three-neck, round bottom flask was charged with 7 ml of methylene chloride and 2.50 g (12.3 mmol) of t-BuDNAZ prepared as described in Archibald et at, Journal of Organic Chemistry, 1990, 2920. Under nitrogen, 0.16 ml (1.23 mmol) of boron trifluoride etherate was added. After stirring 5 min. at ambient temperature, 0.54 ml (6.15 mol) of bromoacetyl bromide was added. The solution was heated between 50-600C for 2 h. The darkened reaction mixture was cooled to ambient temperature, diluted with 50 ml methylene chloride, and filtered. The solid was identified as the HBr salt of t-BuDNAZ. The methylene chloride filtrate was washed with two 20 ml portions of water, dried over sodium sulfate, filtered, and evaporated under reduced pressure. The resultant solid was washed with three 20 ml portions of ethyl ether and dried under vacuum to yield 1.24 g (75.2% based on bromoacetyl bromide) of BrADNAZ as a white solid (mp = 124-1250C). 1H NMR (CDCl3): δ 3.76 (s, 2H), 4.88 (br s, 2H), 5.14 (br s, 2H); 13C NMR (CDCl3): δ 165.2, 105.0, 59.72, 57.79, 23.90. CaIc. for C5H6BrN3O5: %C 22.41, %H 2.26, %N 15.68; Found: %C 22.61, %H 2.36, %N 15.58.
HPLC/MS C-8 reverse phase column with acetonitrile/water mobile phase – m/e 266.95 (100%), 268.95 (98.3%). FT-IR 3014.24 (weak), 1677.66, 1586.30, 1567.65, 1445.55 (NO2), 1367.80, 1338.00, 1251.27 cm‘1.

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References

  1.  Oronsky B, Takahashi L, Gordon R, Cabrales P, Caroen S, Reid T (2023). “RRx-001: a chimeric triple action NLRP3 inhibitor, Nrf2 inducer, and nitric oxide superagonist”Frontiers in Oncology13 1204143. doi:10.3389/fonc.2023.1204143PMC 10258348PMID 37313460.
  2.  Jayabalan N, Oronsky B, Cabrales P, Reid T, Caroen S, Johnson AM, et al. (April 2023). “A Review of RRx-001: A Late-Stage Multi-Indication Inhibitor of NLRP3 Activation and Chronic Inflammation”Drugs83 (5): 389–402. doi:10.1007/s40265-023-01838-zPMC 10015535PMID 36920652.
  3.  Ryan C (30 March 2023). “FDA Grants Fast Track Designation to RRx-001 for Severe Oral Mucositis in Head and Neck Cancer”OncLive.
Clinical data
Other namesRrx-001
Identifiers
IUPAC name
CAS Number925206-65-1
PubChem CID15950826
DrugBankDB12060
ChemSpider13092644
UNII7RPW6SU9SC
KEGGD12720
ChEMBLChEMBL3526802
Chemical and physical data
FormulaC5H6BrN3O5
Molar mass268.023 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)Interactive image
SMILES
InChI

/////////Nibrozetone, anti-inflammatory, RRx-001, RRx 001, ABDNAZ

Lomedeucitinib


Lomedeucitinib

CAS 2328068-29-5

MF C18H172H3N6O4S

MW 419.5 g/mol

4-{[3-(methanesulfonyl)pyridin-2-yl]amino}-N-(2H3)methyl-6-[(1R)-spiro[2.2]pentane-1-carboxamido]pyridazine-3-carboxamide

4-[(3-methylsulfonyl-2-pyridinyl)amino]-6-[[(2R)-spiro[2.2]pentane-2-carbonyl]amino]-N-(trideuteriomethyl)pyridazine-3-carboxamide
Janus kinase inhibitor, anti-inflammatory, BMS-986322, BMS 986322, EYQ7KA55XA

Lomedeucitinib is an investigational new drug that is being evaluated for the treatment of psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis. It is a tyrosine kinase 2 (TYK2) inhibitor.[1]

  • A Study to Evaluate Effectiveness and Safety of BMS-986322 in Participants With Moderate-to-Severe PsoriasisCTID: NCT05730725Phase: Phase 2Status: CompletedDate: 2024-09-19
  • A Study to Evaluate the Drug Levels, Metabolism, and Removal of BMS-986322 in Healthy Adult Male ParticipantsCTID: NCT06088264Phase: Phase 1Status: CompletedDate: 2024-03-29
  • A Study Investigating Interactions Between BMS-986322 and Rosuvastatin, Metformin and Methotrexate in Healthy ParticipantsCTID: NCT05615012Phase: Phase 1Status: CompletedDate: 2024-03-27
  • A Study to Investigate the Interaction of BMS-986322 and a Combined Oral Hormonal Contraceptive (Ethinyl Estradiol [EE]/Norethindrone [NET]) in Healthy Female ParticipantsCTID: NCT05579574Phase: Phase 1Status: CompletedDate: 2023-08-18
  • A Study to Assess the Safety and Tolerability of BMS-986322 in Healthy Participants of Japanese DescentCTID: NCT05546151Phase: Phase 1Status: CompletedDate: 2023-06-22

SYN

US20210253554

https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=US333829535&_cid=P10-MHIXWK-98212-1

General Scheme for Examples 252 and 253:

Example 252

Step 1

A mixture of cesium carbonate (149 mg, 0.457 mmol), Xantphos (14.43 mg, 0.025 mmol), Pd 2(dba) (11.42 mg, 0.012 mmol), 6-chloro-N-(methyl-d3)-4-((3-(methylthio)pyridin-2-yl)amino)pyridazine-3-carboxamide (65 mg, 0.208 mmol), and (R)-spiro[2.2]pentane-1-carboxamide (50.8 mg, 0.457 mmol) in dioxane (3 mL) was degassed using a vacuum/N2 fill cycle three times. The reaction was heated at 110° C. for 16 hours. The reaction was diluted with water and DCM. The DCM layer was separated and washed two more times with water and then dried (Na 2SO 4), filtered and concentrated. Purification via automated flash chromatography, eluting with methanol in DCM from 0 to 10%, gave the title compound (R)—N-(methyl-d3)-4-((3-(methylthio)pyridin-2-yl)amino)-6-(spiro[2.2]pentane-1-carboxamido)pyridazine-3-carboxamide (54 mg, 67% yield). 1H NMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 12.15 (br s, 1H), 9.88 (s, 1H), 8.68 (br s, 1H), 8.36 (br d, J=3.5 Hz, 1H), 8.25 (br s, 1H), 7.72 (br d, J=7.4 Hz, 1H), 6.97 (br dd, J=7.0, 5.1 Hz, 1H), 2.51 (s, 3H), 2.21-2.09 (m, 1H), 1.58-1.10 (m, 6H), 1.08-0.93 (m, 5H).
      LCMS (ESI) m/e 388.1 [(M+H) +, calc’d C 18183621, 388.1]; LC/MS retention time (method D): t R=0.80 min.

Step 2

To a suspension of hydrogen peroxide (30% solution in water, 0.258 mL, 2.52 mmol) and (R)—N-(methyl-d3)-4-((3-(methylthio)pyridin-2-yl)amino)-6-(spiro[2.2]pentane-1-carboxamido)pyridazine-3-carboxamide (0.0489 g, 0.126 mmol) in AcOH (1 mL) was added sodium tungstate dihydrate (0.042 g, 0.126 mmol) at room temperature. After stirring at room temperature for 1 hour, the reaction was diluted with water, basified with Na 2CO powder and extracted three times with DCM. The DCM layers were combined, washed with Na 22(5% solution), dried (Na 2SO 4), filtered and concentrated. The crude product was purified using reverse phase prepHPLC to give the title compound (R)—N-(methyl-d3)-4-((3-(methylsulfonyl)pyridin-2-yl)amino)-6-(spiro[2.2]pentane-1-carboxamido)pyridazine-3-carboxamide (16.2 mg, 31%) as a colorless solid. 1H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d 6) δ 12.07 (s, 1H), 11.22 (s, 1H), 9.49 (s, 1H), 9.16 (s, 1H), 8.63 (dd, J=4.6, 1.5 Hz, 1H), 8.29 (dd, 0.1=7.8, 1.4 Hz, 1H), 7.34 (dd, 0.1=7.8, 4.7 Hz, 1H), 2.48-2.43 (m, 1H), 1.46-1.41 (m, 1H), 1.42-1.36 (m, 1H), 0.95-0.82 (m, 3H), 0.80-0.73 (m, 1H). (3H methyl sulfone was buried under DMSO peak). LCMS (ESI) m/e 420.0 [(M+H) +, calc’d C 1818364S, 420.1]; LC/MS retention time (method E): t R=1.38 min; OR: −205.39 (20° C.).

SYN

https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=US242383764&_cid=P10-MHIXVD-97150-1

PAT

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Clinical data
Other namesBMS-986322
Identifiers
IUPAC name
CAS Number2328068-29-5
PubChem CID138620496
IUPHAR/BPS13210
UNIIEYQ7KA55XA
KEGGD12725
ChEMBLChEMBL5314608
Chemical and physical data
FormulaC18H17D3N6O4S
Molar mass419.47 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)Interactive image
SMILES
InChI

References

  1.  Ahsan S, Degener R, Schlamp M (2024). “Non-Invasive Treatments Invade the Psoriasis Pipeline”Drugs in Context13: 2024–5–6. doi:10.7573/dic.2024-5-6PMC 11313207PMID 39131603.

////////lomedeucitinib, Janus kinase inhibitor, anti-inflammatory, BMS-986322, BMS 986322, EYQ7KA55XA

Girocitinib


Girocitinib

CAS 2222137-79-1

MFC17H18N4O3 MW 326.36

2-[(2R,5S)-5-[4-[(1R)-1-hydroxyethyl]-12-oxa-3,5,8-triazatricyclo[7.3.0.02,6]dodeca-1,4,6,8,10-pentaen-3-yl]oxan-2-yl]acetonitrile

[(2R,5S)-5-{2-[(1R)-1-hydroxyethyl]-1H-furo[3,2-b]imidazo[4,5-d]pyridin-1-yl}oxan-2-yl]acetonitrile

2-((2R,5S)-5-(2-((R)-1-hydroxyethyl)-1H-furo[3,2-b]imidazo[4,5-d]pyridin-1-yl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)acetonitrile
Janus kinase inhibitor, anti-inflammatory, A0IES9T8GO

In an era where targeted therapies are redefining the landscape of medical treatment, Girocitinib emerges as a beacon of hope for many. This innovative drug, developed by leading pharmaceutical research institutions, primarily targets specific proteins involved in disease progression. Classified as a tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), Girocitinib has shown significant promise in the treatment of various cancers, particularly non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The drug is currently in the advanced stages of clinical trials, with researchers optimistic about its potential to provide a more effective and less toxic treatment option compared to conventional therapies.

Girocitinib is designed to interfere with the signaling pathways that promote cancer cell growth and survival. It does this by inhibiting the activity of tyrosine kinases, enzymes that play a key role in the activation of many proteins by signaling pathways within the cell. Tyrosine kinases are often overactive in cancer cells, leading to unchecked proliferation and survival. By targeting these enzymes, Girocitinib effectively disrupts these malign processes, thereby slowing down or even halting the progression of the disease.

The primary indication for Girocitinib is non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), which accounts for approximately 85% of all lung cancer cases. NSCLC is notoriously difficult to treat, especially in its advanced stages, and current treatments often come with significant side effects. Clinical trials have shown that Girocitinib can significantly improve progression-free survival in patients with specific genetic mutations that make them more responsive to TKI therapy. These mutations can be identified through genetic testing, allowing for a more personalized treatment approach that increases the likelihood of success.

In addition to NSCLC, researchers are exploring the potential of Girocitinib to treat other types of cancer, including colorectal cancer and certain forms of leukemia. Early-stage trials have shown encouraging results, suggesting that Girocitinib could become a versatile tool in the oncology arsenal. Its ability to target specific molecular pathways makes it a promising candidate for combination therapies, which aim to enhance treatment efficacy while minimizing resistance and adverse effects.

The development of Girocitinib is a testament to the power of modern science and technology in addressing some of the most challenging health issues of our time. The drug’s journey from the laboratory to clinical trials has been marked by rigorous research and collaboration among scientists, healthcare professionals, and patients. As we await the results of ongoing studies, there is a palpable sense of anticipation in the medical community, as Girocitinib holds the promise of transforming cancer treatment for many patients.

In conclusion, Girocitinib represents a significant advancement in the field of targeted cancer therapy. Its mechanism of action, which involves the inhibition of tyrosine kinases, offers a more precise and potentially less harmful treatment option for patients with NSCLC and possibly other cancers. As research progresses, Girocitinib may well become a cornerstone in the fight against cancer, providing hope and improved outcomes for countless individuals around the world.

PDT PAT

WO2018067422

SYN

US10738060]

https://patents.google.com/patent/US10738060B2/en?oq=US10738060

Example 4: Synthesis of 2-[(2R,5S)-5-[2-[(R)-1-Hydroxyethyl]furo[3,2-b]imidazo[4,5-d]pyridin-1-yl]tetrahydropyran-2-yl] acetonitrile (4)

Step 1. In a round bottom flask, triethylamine (188 g, 1.86 mol, 1.0 eq) was added dropwise to a stirred solution of di-tert-butyl dicarbonate (162 g, 0.744 mol, 1.2 eq) and compound A4-1 (100 g, 0.62 mol, 1.0 eq) in water (500 mL) and 1,4-dioxane (500 mL). After stirring for 18 hrs at room temperature, the solution was extracted with MTBE (500 mL*2) and the aqueous phase was cooled on ice and carefully acidified to pH 3 by slow addition of 10% citric acid solution. The urethane was then extracted twice with ethyl acetate, and the combined extracts was washed with brine, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, and concentrated to give compound A4-2 as clear viscous oil (180 g, yield 100%). MS-ESI:[M+1]+: 262.1

Step 2. A solution of compound A4-2 (40 g, 0.153 mmol, 1.0 eq) in THF (600 mL) was treated with 4-methylmorpholine (17 g, 0.168, 1.1 eq) at room temperature. The resulting mixture was cooled to 0° C. before being treated with isobutyl chloroformate (22.7 g, 0.166 mmol, 1.08 eq) dropwise. The resulting reaction mixture was stirred at 0° C. for an addition 20 mins before being filtered and washed with THF. Then the clear filtrate solution was cooed to 0° C., and treated with a solution of NaBH(11.2 g, 0.295 mol, 1.93 eq) in water (100 mL). The resulting mixture was stirred overnight at room temperature, and then quenched with an aqueous HCl solution (1.0 mol/L,200 mL) dropwise, The mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate, and the combined extracts was washed with brine, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, concentrated to give compound A4-3 as a yellow oil (25 g, yield 66%). MS-ESI:[M+1]+: 248.1

Step 3. A solution of compound of A4-3 (25 g, 0.1 mol, 1.0 eq) in toluene (300 mL) and acetic acid (150 mL) was heated to reflux for 5 hrs and then cooled, concentrated under vacuum. The residual was added saturated sodium bicarbonate solution to pH 7-8 in ice-bath. Then the mixture was extracted three times with ethyl acetate, and the combined extracts was washed with brine, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, concentrated and recrystallized by ethyl acetate and PE to give compound A4-4 as a white powder (8.0 g, yield 37.2%). GC-MS: 215

Step 4. A solution of tributyl phosphine (72.9 g, 0.36 mol, 1.0 eq) in nitromethane (500 mL), was added dropwise chloroacetonitrile (27.2 g, 0.36 mol, 1.0 eq) in nitrogen atmosphere. The resulting reaction mixture was stirred for 16 hrs at room temperature, then concentrated. The residual oil solidified when a small amount of ethyl acetate was added. The solid was recrystallized by ethyl acetate and DCM to afford compound A4-5 as a white powder (95 g, yield 95%).

Step 5. To a solution of dry compound A4-5 (8.3 g, 30 mmol, 3.0 eq) in N,N-dimethylacetamide (30 mL) in nitrogen atmosphere, was added solid Potassium tert-butoxide (3.1 g, 28 mmol, 2.8 eq) in portions at 0° C. The resulting mixture was gradually warmed to 30° C. and stirred for 2 hrs. The resulting ylide solution was then treated with compound A4-4 (2.15 g, 10 mmol, 1.0 eq), and stirred overnight at 70° C. After cooled to room temperature, the resulting slurry was poured into the mixture of ice-water (100 mL) and saturated sodium bicarbonate solution (100 mL). The mixture was extracted twice with ethyl acetate, and the combined extracts was washed three times with brine, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, concentrated to give compound A4-6 as yellow oil without purification (7.5 g, yield 100%). MS-ESI:[M+1]+: 239.1

Step 6. To a solution of compound A4-6 (7.5 g, 10 mmol, 1.0 eq) in methanol (200 mL), was added 10% Pd/C (0.5 g,50% wet). Hydrogenation was carried out under atmospheric pressure at room temperature until hydrogen uptake ceased. The catalyst was filtered and washed by methanol. The filtrates was concentrated under vacuum, and purified by silica gel column chromatography to give compound A4-7 as off-white powder (1.6 g, yield 66.7%). MS-ESI:[M+1]+: 241.1

Step 7. To a solution of compound A4-7 (1.6 g, 6.67 mmol, 1.0 eq) in DCM (20 mL), was added TFA (10 g, 88.5 mmol, 13.2 eq). The reaction mixture was stirred for 2 hrs at room temperature until TLC showed the reaction was complete, then concentrated under vacuum. Water (20 mL) was added and the solution was treated with aqueous sodium hydroxide solution (4 mol/L) to pH 10. Then the aqueous phase was extracted six times with DCM/methanol (10/1). The combined extracts was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, concentrated to give compound A4-8 as light-brown oil (950 mg, yield 100%). MS-ESI:[M+1]+: 141.1

Step 8. To a solution of compound A1-14 (prepared as step 4 to 12 in example 1) (600 mg, 3.0 mmol, 1.0 eq) in n-butanol (15 mL), was added compound A4-8 (950 mg, 6.7 mmol, 2.26 eq) and DIPEA (1.36 g, 10.5 mmol, 3.5 eq). The reaction mixture was stirred for 1 hr at 135° C., concentrated and purified by silica gel column chromatography to give compound A4-9 (2R,5S) as light-yellow powder (254 mg, yield 28.0%).MS-ESI: [M+1]+: 303.1.

1H NMR (300 MHz, d6-DMSO): 9.063 (s, 1H), 8.503 (d, 1H), 9.326 (d, 1H), 7.176 (d, 1H), 4.431-4.513 (m, 1H), 4.128-4.156 (m, 1H), 3.633-3.659 (m, 1H), 3.448-3.518 (m, 1H), 2.775-2.841 (m, 2H), 2.205-2.312 (m, 1H), 1.829-1.859 (m, 2H), 1.501-1.521 (m, 1H).

Step 9. To a solution of compound A4-9 (254 g, 0.84 mmol, 1.0 eq) in methanol (20 mL), was added 10% Pd/C (0.15 g,50% wet). Hydrogenation was carried out under atmospheric pressure at room temperature until hydrogen uptake ceased. The catalyst was filtered and washed by methanol. The filtrates was concentrated under vacuum, and compound A4-10 was obtained as yellow oil (230 mg, yield 100%). MS-ESI:[M+1]+: 273.1

Step 10. A solution of D-Lactamide (388 mg, 4.2 mmol, 5.0 eq) and Et3O—BF(1.3 g, 6.72 mmol, 8.0 eq) in THF (10 mL) was stirred for 30 mins at room temperature in nitrogen atmosphere. Then the above solution was added to the mixture of compound A4-10 (230 mg, 0.84 mmol, 1.0 eq) in ethanol (10 mL). After stirring for 3 hrs at 85° C. until HPLC showed the reaction was complete, the mixture was concentrated, added water and extracted four times with ethyl acetate. The organic phases was discarded and the aqueous phase was treated with saturated sodium bicarbonate solution to pH 8, extracted twice with ethyl acetate. The second organic phases was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, concentrated and purified by silica gel column chromatography to give the title compound as light-yellow powder (120 mg, yield 43.8%). MS-ESI: [M+1]+: 327.6,

1H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3): 9.039 (s, 1H), 7.939 (d, 1H), 7.196 (d, 1H), 5.235-5.336 (m, 1H), 4.806-4.973 (m, 1H), 4.403-4.483 (t, 1H), 4.096-6.116 (m, 2H), 2.700-2.807 (m, 4H), 2.105-2.312 (m, 2H), 1.830-1.852 (d, 3H).

SYN

US2022227777

https://patents.google.com/patent/US20220227777A1

International patent application WO2018067422A1 discloses 1H-furo[3,2-b]imidazo[4,5-d]pyridine derivatives as selective JAK1 kinase inhibitors and preparation methods thereof, wherein compound I and its preparation method is disclosed.

Preparation of a Compound of Formula I

  • [0204]THF (60 mL, 12 V), (R)-lactamide (6.6 g, 4.0 eq) and Et3O—BF(13.9 g, 4.0 eq) were added to a 250 mL three-necked flask #1, the system was stirred; the materials in three-necked flask #1 were stirred under nitrogen protection for later use; a compound of formula II (5.0 g, 1.0 eq) and ethanol (80 mL, 16 V) were added to another 250 mL three-necked flask #2; the system was heated to 70±5° C. under nitrogen protection; the materials in three-necked flask #1 were added to three-necked flask #2 with a syringe dropwise within 10-20 minutes; the system was heated to 85±5° C. (internal temperature was in the range of 72-75° C.) under nitrogen protection for reacting for 2 hours; the system was cooled to room temperature; the reaction liquid was concentrated with a rotary evaporator until there was basically no fraction flowing out; 1M HCl (80 mL) was added to the residual concentrated liquid, the pH was about 1 (determined with a pH test paper); the system was extracted four times with DCM (50 mL×4); the pH of the aqueous phase was adjusted to 7-8 with saturated sodium bicarbonate solution; the system was stirred at room temperature for 0.5 hour, then was filtered, the filter cake was washed with water (60 mL) and EA (10 mL), respectively; the filter cake was dried under vacuum at 50° C. for 16 hours; 4.3 g of faint yellow solid was obtained, with a purity of 95.0%; the solid was dissolved with methanol (30 mL); 4.1 g of silicon based metal eliminator and 1.0 g of activated carbon were added, the system was heated to 50° C. and stirred for 1 hour, then was cooled, filtered, washed with methanol (30 mL); the filtrate was concentrated with rotary evaporator until there was basically no fraction flowing out; methanol (10 mL) and MTBE (25 mL) were added to the residue, the system was heated to 50° C., and was stirred for 0.5 hour, then was cooled, the system was cooled to 10±5° C. and stirred for 0.5 hour; filtered, the filter cake was washed with MTBE (25 mL); the filter cake was dried under vacuum at 50° C. for 16 hours, 3.2 g of faint yellow solid was obtained, with a purity of 97.9%.
  • [0205]MS-ESI: [M+1]+: 327.6
  • [0206]1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3): 8.988 (s, 1H), 7.922 (d, 1H), 7.175 (d, 1H), 5.200-5.265 (m, 1H), 4.859-4.942 (m, 1H), 4.350-4.406 (t, 1H), 4.020-4.108 (m, 2H), 3.067 (d, 1H), 2.619-2.779 (m, 3H), 2.108-2.269 (m, 2H), 1.790-1.895 (m, 3H).
  • [0207]THF (650 mL, 12 V), (R)-lactamide (70.6 g, 4.0 eq) and Et3O—BF(150.6 g, 4.0 eq) were added to a 1000 mL three-necked flask #1, the system was stirred; the materials in three-necked flask #1 were stirred under nitrogen protection for later use; a compound of formula II (54 g, 1.0 eq) and ethanol (860 mL, 16 V) were added to another 2000 mL three-necked flask #2; the system was heated to 70±5° C. under nitrogen protection; the materials in three-necked flask #1 were slowly added to three-necked flask #2 dropwise within 1 hour; the system was heated to 85±5° C. (internal temperature was in the range of 72-75° C.) under nitrogen protection for reacting for 2 hours; the system was cooled to room temperature; the reaction liquid was concentrated with a rotary evaporator until there was basically no fraction flowing out; 1M HCl (450 mL) was added to the residual concentrated liquid, the pH was about 1 (determined with a pH test paper); the system was extracted four times with DCM (270 mL×4); the pH of the aqueous phase was adjusted to 7-8 with saturated sodium bicarbonate solution; the system was stirred at room temperature for 0.5 hour, then was filtered, the filter cake was washed with water (540 mL); MTBE (270 mL) was added to the filter cake, the system was stirred at room temperature for 0.5 hour, filtered, the filter cake was washed with MTBE (108 mL); the filter cake was dried under vacuum at 50° C. for 16 hours; 49.2 g of light yellow solid was obtained, with an HPLC purity of 94.2%; the solid was dissolved with methanol (380 mL); silicon based metal eliminator (44 g) and activated carbon (5.4 g) were added, the system was heated to 50° C. and stirred for 1 hour, then was cooled, filtered, washed with methanol (430 mL); the filtrate was concentrated with a rotary evaporator to (80-110 mL, 1.5 V-2 V); MTBE (540 mL) was added to the residue, the system was heated to 50° C., and was stirred for 1 hour, then was cooled to 10±5° C. and stirred for 0.5 hour; filtered, the filter cake was washed with MTBE (270 mL); 42.4 g of filter cake was obtained, with an HPLC purity of 96.9%; the filter cake was dried under vacuum at 50° C. for 16 hours, 41.0 g of light yellow solid was obtained, with an HPLC purity of 96.7%, a yield of 63.3%.
  • [0208]Purification of a Compound of Formula I:
  • [0209]A compound of formula I (41 g) was dissolved with methanol; silica gel (50 g) was added to the solution, the system was concentrated to dryness for later use; silica gel (200 g) was added to the chromatographic column, the column was compacted with an air pump; a compound of formula I mixed with silica gel was added to the chromatographic column, the column was compacted with an air pump; the chromatographic column was eluted with an eluent (VMeOH:VDCM=1:100-1:30); qualified components were collected, concentrated to dryness; the product was dried under vacuum at 50° C. for 16 hours; 36 g of off-white solid was obtained, with an HPLC purity of 98.5%.
  • [0210]The MS-ESI and 1H NMR data are consistent with example 21.
  • [0211]THF (60 mL, 6 V), (R)-lactamide (13.2 g, 4.0 eq) and Et3O—BF(27.9 g, 4.0 eq) were added to a 100 mL three-necked flask #1, the system was stirred; the materials in #1 were stirred under nitrogen protection for later use; a compound of formula II (10 g, 1.0 eq) and ethanol (100 mL, 10 V) were added to another 250 mL three-necked flask #2; the system was heated to 70±5° C. under nitrogen protection; the materials in three-necked flask #1 were slowly added to three-necked flask #2 dropwise within 20 minutes; the system was heated to 80±5° C. (internal temperature was in the range of 72-75° C.) under nitrogen protection for reacting for 0.5 hour; the system was cooled to room temperature 20-30° C.; the reaction liquid was concentrated to about 50-80 mL with a rotary evaporator between 30-40° C.; water (100 mL, 10 V) was added to the system, then the system was concentrated with a rotary evaporator between 30-40° C. until there was basically no fraction flowing out; the system was cooled to 20-30° C.; the temperature of the system was controlled at 20-30° C., 12M HCl (5.5 g) was used to adjust the pH of the system to 2-3, the system was extracted with ethyl acetate (50 mL×2, 5V×2); the organic phase was discarded, and the aqueous phase was transferred to a flask; the temperature of the system was controlled at 20-30° C., the pH of the system was adjusted to 8-9 with saturated potassium carbonate solution (23 g); the temperature of the system was controlled at 20-25° C., the system was stirred for 2 hours, then was filtered, the filter cake was washed with water (50 mL) and MTBE (50 mL); the filter cake was dried with an air blower at 50° C. for 24 hours, 18 g of earth yellow solid was obtained, with an HPLC purity of 93.5%.
  • [0212]The MS-ESI and 1H NMR data are consistent with example 21.
  • [0213]THF (120 mL, 12 V), (R)-lactamide (13.2 g, 4.0 eq) and Et3O—BF(27.8 g, 4.0 eq) were added to a 250 mL three-necked flask #1, the system was stirred; the materials in #1 were stirred under nitrogen protection for later use; a compound of formula II (10 g, 1.0 eq) and ethanol (140 mL, 14 V) were added to another 500 mL three-necked flask #2; the system was heated to 40-45° C. (internal temperature) under nitrogen protection; the materials in three-necked flask #1 were added to three-necked flask #2 dropwise within 1 hour; the system was maintained at 40-45° C. (internal temperature) under nitrogen protection for reacting for 4.5 hours; the system was cooled to room temperature, and water (20 mL, 2V) was added; the system was concentrated with a rotary evaporator at 30-40° C. until there was basically no fraction flowing out; the system was cooled to 20-30° C.; the temperature of the system was controlled at 20-30° C., 12M HCl (3 mL) was used to adjust the pH of the system to 2-3, the system was extracted with ethyl acetate (50 mL×2, 5V×2); the organic phase was discarded, and the aqueous phase was transferred to a flask; the temperature of the system was controlled at 20-30° C., the pH of the system was adjusted to 8-9 with 50% potassium carbonate solution (15 mL); the temperature of the system was controlled at 20-25° C., the system was stirred for 2 hours, then was filtered, the filter cake was washed with water (50 mL) and acetone (50 mL); the crude product was triturated and stirred with water (50 mL) at 20-25° C. for 1 hour; the system was filtered, the filter cake was washed with water (50 mL) and acetone (50 mL); the filter cake was dried with an air blower at 50° C. for 24 hours, 17.8 g of khaki solid was obtained, with an HPLC purity of 95.3%.
  • [0214]The MS-ESI and 1H NMR data are consistent with example 21.
  • [0215]THF (60 mL, 12 V), (R)-lactamide (6.6 g, 4.0 eq) and Et3O—BF(13.9 g, 4.0 eq) were added to a 250 mL three-necked flask #1, the system was stirred; the materials in three-necked flask #1 were stirred under nitrogen protection for later use; a compound of formula II (5 g, 1.0 eq) and ethanol (70 mL, 14 V) were added to another 250 mL three-necked flask #2; the system was heated to 40-45° C. (internal temperature) under nitrogen protection; the materials in three-necked flask #1 were added to three-necked flask #2 dropwise within 20 minutes; the system was maintained at 40-45° C. (internal temperature) under nitrogen protection for reacting for 3 hours; the system was cooled to room temperature and was filtered, the filter cake was washed with THF (10 mL); water (10 mL, 2V) was added to the filtrate; the filtrate was concentrated with a rotary evaporator to 10-20 mL (2V-4V), the concentrated residue was exchanged with ethyl acetate (25 mL×2) and concentrated to 10-20 mL (2V-4V); water (50 mL, 10V) was added to the concentrated residue; the internal temperature was controlled at 20-25° C., 12M HCl (4.1 g) was used to adjust the pH of the system to 1-2; activated carbon (0.5 g) was added to the system, and the system was stirred at room temperature for 2 hours, and was filtered, the filter cake was washed with water (10 mL) and 1M HCl (10 mL); the combined filtrate was extracted with ethyl acetate (25 mL×2), the organic phase was discarded; the internal temperature was controlled at 20-25° C., the pH of the system was adjusted to 9-10 with saturated potassium carbonate solution (15 g); the internal temperature was controlled at 15-20° C., the system was stirred for 1 hour, and was filtered, the filter cake was washed with water (10 mL); the filter cake was triturated with acetone aqueous solution (50 mL, V/V=1:1) for 1 hour; the system was filtered, the filter cake was washed with acetone aqueous solution (10 mL, V/V=1:1); the filter cake was dried with an air blower at 50° C. for 24 hours; 5.0 g of pale gray solid was obtained, with an HPLC purity of 95.6%, and a yield of 83.5%;
  • [0216]Purification of a Compound of Formula I:
  • [0217]5.0 g of the obtained solid and methanol (40 mL) were added to a flask, and were stirred for 10 minutes at room temperature, the materials were basically dissolved and the solution was clear; activated carbon (0.5 g) and silica gel (4.0 g) were added to the system; the system was heated to 50-55° C., the temperature was maintained and the system was stirred for 2 hours, then was filtered with silica gel (5 g), the filter cake was washed with methanol (50 mL); the filtrate was concentrated with a rotary evaporator to 5-10 mL; MTBE (50 mL) was added to the concentrated residue; the system was heated to reflux, and was allowed for reflux for 1 hour; the system was cooled to 5-10° C., the temperature was maintained and the system was stirred for 1 hour and was filtered, the filter cake was washed with MTBE; the filter cake was dried with a drying oven under vacuum at 50° C. for 16 hours; 3.0 g of off-white solid was obtained, with a yield of 60% and a purity of 97.9%; the filtrate was concentrated to dryness to obtain 1.4 g of yellow solid.
  • [0218]The MS-ESI and 1H NMR data are consistent with example 21.

PAT

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///////////Girocitinib, Janus kinase inhibitor, anti-inflammatory, A0IES9T8GO

Frevecitinib


Frevecitinib

CAS 1299417-07-4

MF C22H21N7O2 MW 415.4 g/mol

3-[(3S)-3-(1-methyl-2-oxo-5-pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridin-3-ylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridin-3-yl)piperidin-1-yl]-3-oxopropanenitrile

3-{(3S)-3-[1-methyl-2-oxo-5-(pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridin-3-
yl)-1,2-dihydro-3H-imidazo[4,5-b]pyridin-3-yl]piperidin1-yl}-3-oxopropanenitrile
Janus kinase inhibitor, anti-inflammatory, 5N5L287M8T, KN 002, KN-002

Single and Multiple Ascending Dose Study of KN-002

CTID: NCT05006521

Phase: Phase 1

Status: Completed

Date: 2024-08-07

SYN

https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=WO2011157397&_cid=P11-MH2TVG-48083-1

SYN

It has now been found that a drug substance disclosed in WO2011/051452, namely the compound (S)-3-(3-(1-methyl-2-oxo-5-(pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridine-3-yl)-1H-imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine-3(2H)-yl)piperidin-1-yl)-3-oxopropanenitrile having the structure shown below and known herein as compound (I) can be prepared in different polymorphic forms. Surprisingly one form exists as a polymorph with particularly advantageous stability properties. Compound (I) as prepared following the process in WO2011/051452 is known as Form I herein.

SYN

US8501735]

https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=US76222175&_cid=P11-MH2U0A-51623-1

PAT

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///////////Frevecitinib, Janus kinase inhibitor, anti-inflammatory, 5N5L287M8T, KN 002, KN-002