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ORGANIC SPECTROSCOPY

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DR ANTHONY MELVIN CRASTO Ph.D

DR ANTHONY MELVIN CRASTO Ph.D

DR ANTHONY MELVIN CRASTO, Born in Mumbai in 1964 and graduated from Mumbai University, Completed his Ph.D from ICT, 1991,Matunga, Mumbai, India, in Organic Chemistry, The thesis topic was Synthesis of Novel Pyrethroid Analogues, Currently he is working with AFRICURE PHARMA, ROW2TECH, NIPER-G, Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers, Govt. of India as ADVISOR, earlier assignment was with GLENMARK LIFE SCIENCES LTD, as CONSUlTANT, Retired from GLENMARK in Jan2022 Research Centre as Principal Scientist, Process Research (bulk actives) at Mahape, Navi Mumbai, India. Total Industry exp 32 plus yrs, Prior to joining Glenmark, he has worked with major multinationals like Hoechst Marion Roussel, now Sanofi, Searle India Ltd, now RPG lifesciences, etc. He has worked with notable scientists like Dr K Nagarajan, Dr Ralph Stapel, Prof S Seshadri, etc, He did custom synthesis for major multinationals in his career like BASF, Novartis, Sanofi, etc., He has worked in Discovery, Natural products, Bulk drugs, Generics, Intermediates, Fine chemicals, Neutraceuticals, GMP, Scaleups, etc, he is now helping millions, has 9 million plus hits on Google on all Organic chemistry websites. His friends call him Open superstar worlddrugtracker. His New Drug Approvals, Green Chemistry International, All about drugs, Eurekamoments, Organic spectroscopy international, etc in organic chemistry are some most read blogs He has hands on experience in initiation and developing novel routes for drug molecules and implementation them on commercial scale over a 32 PLUS year tenure till date Feb 2023, Around 35 plus products in his career. He has good knowledge of IPM, GMP, Regulatory aspects, he has several International patents published worldwide . He has good proficiency in Technology transfer, Spectroscopy, Stereochemistry, Synthesis, Polymorphism etc., He suffered a paralytic stroke/ Acute Transverse mylitis in Dec 2007 and is 90 %Paralysed, He is bound to a wheelchair, this seems to have injected feul in him to help chemists all around the world, he is more active than before and is pushing boundaries, He has 100 million plus hits on Google, 2.5 lakh plus connections on all networking sites, 100 Lakh plus views on dozen plus blogs, 227 countries, 7 continents, He makes himself available to all, contact him on +91 9323115463, email amcrasto@gmail.com, Twitter, @amcrasto , He lives and will die for his family, 90% paralysis cannot kill his soul., Notably he has 38 lakh plus views on New Drug Approvals Blog in 227 countries......https://newdrugapprovals.wordpress.com/ , He appreciates the help he gets from one and all, Friends, Family, Glenmark, Readers, Wellwishers, Doctors, Drug authorities, His Contacts, Physiotherapist, etc He has total of 32 International and Indian awards

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Nuvisertib


Nuvisertib

CAS 1361951-15-6

MF C22H26ClF3N4O MW418.5 g/mol

2-[(1r,4r)-4-({3-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]imidazo[1,2-b]pyridazin-6-yl}amino)cyclohexyl]propan-2-ol
serine/ threonine kinase inhibitor, antineoplastic, Orphan Drug, myelofibrosis, SGI-9481, SGI 9481, TP-3654, TP 3654, EOB0N7BOY4

The chemical structure for nuvisertib was obtained from proposed INN list 130 (Feb. 2024), in which the compound is described as a serine/ threonine kinase inhibitor with antineoplastic action. A structure match to clinical lead TP-3654 was made via PubChem. TP-3654 is declared as an orally available, second-generation pan-PIM kinase inhibitor [1-2].

References
1. Foulks JM, Carpenter KJ, Luo B, Xu Y, Senina A, Nix R, Chan A, Clifford A, Wilkes M, Vollmer D et al.. (2014)
A small-molecule inhibitor of PIM kinases as a potential treatment for urothelial carcinomas.
Neoplasia16 (5): 403-12. [PMID:24953177]
2. Wu CP, Li YQ, Chi YC, Huang YH, Hung TH, Wu YS. (2021)
The Second-Generation PIM Kinase Inhibitor TP-3654 Resensitizes ABCG2-Overexpressing Multidrug-Resistant Cancer Cells to Cytotoxic Anticancer Drugs.
Int J Mol Sci22 (17). [PMID:34502348]

Nuvisertib is an orally available, second-generation and selective ATP-competitive inhibitor of proviral integration site for Moloney murine leukemia virus (PIM) kinases, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, nuvisertib selectively binds to and prevents the activation of the PIM kinases. This prevents the activation of PIM-mediated signaling pathways and inhibits proliferation in cells that overexpress PIM. PIMs, constitutively active proto-oncogenic serine/threonine kinases, are upregulated in various types of cancers and play key roles in tumor cell proliferation and survival.

Nuvisertib, also known as TP-3654, is an oral, investigational, and highly selective PIM1 kinase inhibitor being studied in a Phase 1/2 clinical trial for intermediate- or high-risk myelofibrosis (MF). It is not currently an approved medication. 

Key Information

  • Mechanism of Action: Nuvisertib targets the PIM1 kinase pathway, which is often overactive in myelofibrosis and can promote cancer cell growth. By inhibiting this pathway, nuvisertib is being investigated for its potential to manage symptoms, reduce spleen size, improve blood counts, and slow the progression of bone marrow fibrosis.
  • Current Status: Nuvisertib is in ongoing Phase 1/2 clinical trials (NCT04176198) as a monotherapy and in combination with JAK inhibitors like ruxolitinib and momelotinib.
  • Designations: Nuvisertib has received Orphan Drug Designation for myelofibrosis

Study of TP-3654 in Patients With Advanced Solid Tumors

CTID: NCT03715504

Phase: Phase 1

Status: Completed

Date: 2023-11-14

SYN

WO2013013188

Example 31 

SYN

https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=US427659372&_cid=P10-MHWTVL-76212-1

SYN

https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=US130491286&_cid=P10-MHWU33-81462-1

31. 4-((3-(3-(Trifluoromethyl)phenyl)imidazo[1,2-b]pyridazin-6-yl)amino)-trans-cyclohexyl)propan-2-ol (EX. 8-31)

      EX. 8-31 was prepared by similar procedures as in EX. 8-1 using 2-(trans-4-aminocyclohexyl)propan-2-ol.
1H-NMR (CD 3OD/400 MHz): δ 8.82 (s, 1H), 8.19 (m, 1H), 7.88 (s, 1H), 7.62 (m, 3H), 6.70 (d, J=9.6 Hz, 1H), 3.71 (m, 1H), 2.26 (m, 2H), 1.95 (m, 2H), 1.36 (m, 1H), 1.27 (m, 4H), 1.21 (s, 6H). MS (ES +, m/z): (M+H) +: 419.6.
      Alternatively, EX. 8-31 was prepared in 50 g scale employing the following procedures.
To a solution of trans-4-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)cyclohexanecarboxylic acid (823 g, 3.38 mol) in EtOAc (4000 mL) was added EA/HCl (2500 mL). The mixture was stirred at 0° C. overnight. The reaction mixture was filtered and dried in vacuo to give a product of hydrochloride salt of trans-4-aminocyclohexanecarboxylic acid as white solid (604 g, 99.42% yield).
      A mixture of hydrochloride salt of trans-4-aminocyclohexanecarboxylic acid (720 g), BnBr (1700 g, 2.5 eq) and K 2CO in DMF (8000 mL) was stirred at rt overnight. More BnBr (100 g) was added and the reaction mixture was heated to 50° C. and kept for 3 hrs. The reaction mixture was then poured into water and extracted with EtOAc and combined organic phase washed with brine and concentrated in vacuo to give crude trans-benzyl 4-(dibenzylamino)cyclohexanecarboxylate as white solid (1495 g, 93.9% yield).
      To a solution of trans-benzyl 4-(dibenzylamino)cyclohexanecarboxylate (290 g×5, 3.6 mol) in 2 L of THF under N at 0° C., MeMgBr (800 mL) was added. The mixture was stirred at room temperature overnight and then quenched with 1.5 L of saturated NH 4Cl. The resulting mixture was extracted with EtOAc. The product was extracted with 1 M HCl to the aqueous phase, which was then wash with EtOAc. The aqueous phase was then neutralized with NaOH, extracted with EtOAc, washed with brine, dried with Na 2SO and concentrated in vacuo to give the 2-(trans-4-(dibenzylamino)cyclohexyl)propan-2-ol as white solid (950 g, 78.3% yield).
      A mixture of 2-(trans-4-(dibenzylamino)cyclohexyl)propan-2-ol (120 g×8, 356 mmol) and Pd(OH) (15 g×8) in methanol (1000 mL) and MeOH/NH (100 mL) was stirred under H (50 psi) at 50° C. for 72 hrs, then the catalyst was removed and the filtrate was concentrated in vacuo and The crude product was chromatographed on silica gel (DCM/MeOH 20:1-DCM/MeOH/NH 5:4:1) to give the 2-(trans-4-aminocyclohexyl)propan-2-ol as a pale yellow solid (210 g, 47.5% yield).
   6-chloro-3-(3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)imidazo[1,2-b]pyridazine was prepared according to procedure in EX. 8-29.
      To a solution of 6-chloro-3-(3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)imidazo[1,2-b]pyridazine (100 g, 337 mmol) and 2-(trans-4-aminocyclohexyl)propan-2-ol (55 g, 350 mmol) in 400 mL of DMSO was added DIEA (90 g, 900 mmol) and CsF (45 g, 30 mmol). The mixture was stirred at 180° C. for 4 hour. The solid was removed and the filtrate was poured into a stirred solution of water (4 L) and EA (1 L), The solid formed was collected and recrystallized from EA to give EX. 8-31 (Free Base) as off white solid (70.58 g, 48.34%). From the mother liquid and the filtrate, a second batch of product was obtained after column chromatography (EA).
       1H NMR (MeOD/400 MHz): δ 8.80 (s, 1H), 8.17 (d, J=6.8 Hz, 1H), 7.85 (s, 1H), 7.62-7.58 (m, 3H), 6.68 (d, J=9.6 Hz, 1H), 3.72-3.65 (m, 1H), 2.30-2.24 (m, 2H), 1.95-1.90 (m, 2H), 1.37-1.22 (m, 5H), 1.16 (s, 6H). MS (ES +, m/z): (M+H) +: 419.3. Melting Point: 216.7° C.-219.3° C.
      To a production of EX. 8-31 (Free Base) (57 g, 136 mmol) in EA (10 L) was added HCl/EA until no further solid formed (about 100 mL of HCl/EA). The mixture was stirred at room temperature for half an hour and the solid was collected, washed with EA and dried under vacuo to give EX. 8-31 (HCl) (52.06 g, 91.33%) as off white solid.
       1H NMR (MeOD/400 MHz): δ 8.69 (s, 1H), 8.34 (s, 1H), 8.21 (d, J=7.6 Hz, 1H), 7.96 (d, J=9.6 Hz, 1H), 7.81 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 1H), 7.75 (dd, J=7.6 Hz, 8.0 Hz, 1H), 7.23 (d, J=9.6 Hz, 1H), 3.73-3.66 (m, 1H), 2.24-2.20 (m, 2H), 1.97 (m, 2H), 1.37-1.25 (m, 5H), 1.16 (s, 6H). MS (ES +, m/z): (M+H) +: 419.2. Melting Point: 200.4° C.-201.6° C.

PAT

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REF

https://news.us.sumitomo-pharma.com/2025-06-12-Sumitomo-Pharma-America-Announces-that-Nuvisertib-TP-3654-Has-Received-FDA-Fast-Track-Designation-for-the-Treatment-of-Myelofibrosis

– Nuvisertib (TP-3654), an investigational highly selective oral PIM1 kinase inhibitor, is being evaluated in patients with relapsed or refractory myelofibrosis (MF) –

– Nuvisertib demonstrated symptom and spleen responses correlating with cytokine modulation in the preliminary Phase 1/2 data recently presented at the European Hematology Association (EHA) 2025 Congress –

MARLBOROUGH, Mass., June 12, 2025 /PRNewswire/ — Sumitomo Pharma America, Inc. (SMPA) today announced that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) granted Fast Track Designation to nuvisertib (TP-3654) for the treatment of patients with intermediate or high-risk myelofibrosis (MF). The FDA Fast Track Designation is granted to investigational therapies being developed to treat serious or life-threatening conditions that demonstrate the potential to address unmet medical needs. Nuvisertib is an oral, investigational, highly selective inhibitor of PIM1 kinase, which demonstrated clinical activity including symptom and spleen responses correlating with cytokine modulation in the updated preliminary Phase 1/2 data presented at the European Hematology Association (EHA) 2025 Congress in Milan, Italy.

MF, a serious and rare type of blood cancer, is characterized by the buildup of fibrous tissues in the bone marrow which is caused by dysregulation in the Janus-associated kinase (JAK) signaling pathway. The clinical manifestations of MF include an enlarged spleen, debilitating symptoms and reduction in hemoglobin and/or platelets. MF affects 1 in 500,000 people worldwide.1

“This positive momentum for nuvisertib signals strong promise in our pipeline and reflects our dedication to addressing unmet medical needs on behalf of patients with myelofibrosis and their families,” said Tsutomu Nakagawa, Ph.D, President and Chief Executive Officer of SMPA. “Receiving FDA Fast Track Designation for nuvisertib in the treatment of myelofibrosis reinforces our confidence in its potential as a treatment option for patients facing a poor prognosis with limited treatment options. We are committed to working closely with the FDA to progress the clinical development of nuvisertib and bring an alternative treatment option to patients with myelofibrosis.”

Updated data from the ongoing Phase 1/2 study of nuvisertib in patients with relapsed/refractory MF were presented at the EHA Congress on June 12, 2025. Preliminary data showed that nuvisertib monotherapy appears to be well tolerated with no dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs). Evaluable patients showed clinical activity including a ≥25% spleen volume reduction (SVR25) in 22.2% of patients and a ≥50% reduction in total symptom score (TSS50) of 44.4% of patients, as well as improvement of bone marrow fibrosis (42.9% patients), hemoglobin (24% patients) and platelet count (26.7% patients). Data also showed that nuvisertib treatment led to significant cytokine modulation [reduction of pro-inflammatory cytokines (e.g. EN-RAGE, MIP-1β) and increase of anti-inflammatory cytokines (e.g. adiponectin)], which demonstrated significant (p<0.001) correlation with symptom and spleen responses. Preclinical2 and emerging clinical data support the development of nuvisertib in combination with JAK inhibitors for the treatment of patients with MF.

“The data observed to date demonstrate promising clinical activity for nuvisertib and the strong potential for selective PIM1 inhibition to slow the progression of myelofibrosis,” said Jatin Shah, MD, Chief Medical Officer, Oncology. “Patients with myelofibrosis are in need of new therapeutic approaches, including combination treatment options, that can provide increased and durable response rates with limited hematologic adverse events. The FDA Fast Track Designation reinforces the potential of nuvisertib to provide clinical benefits for patients with myelofibrosis, an unmet medical need.”

About Nuvisertib (TP-3654)
Nuvisertib (TP-3654) is an oral investigational selective inhibitor of PIM1 kinase, which has shown potential antitumor and antifibrotic activity through multiple pathways, including induction of apoptosis in preclinical models.2,3 Nuvisertib was observed to inhibit proliferation and increase apoptosis in murine and human hematopoietic cells expressing the clinically relevant JAK2 V617F mutation.3 Nuvisertib alone and in combination with ruxolitinib showed white blood cell and neutrophil count normalization, and also reduced spleen size and bone marrow fibrosis in JAK2 V617F and MPLW515L murine models of myelofibrosis.The safety and efficacy of nuvisertib is currently being clinically evaluated in a Phase 1/2 study in patients with intermediate and high-risk myelofibrosis (NCT04176198). The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) granted Orphan Drug Designation to nuvisertib for the indication of myelofibrosis in May 2022. The Japan Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (MHLW) granted Orphan Drug Designation to nuvisertib for the treatment of myelofibrosis in November 2024.

About Sumitomo Pharma
Sumitomo Pharma Co., Ltd., is a global pharmaceutical company based in Japan with key operations in the U.S. (Sumitomo Pharma America, Inc.), Canada (Sumitomo Pharma Canada, Inc.), and Europe (Sumitomo Pharma Switzerland GmbH) focused on addressing patient needs in oncology, urology, women’s health, rare diseases, psychiatry & neurology, and cell & gene therapies. With several marketed products in the U.S., Canada, and Europe, a diverse pipeline of early- to late-stage assets, we aim to accelerate discovery, research, and development to bring novel therapies to patients sooner. For more information on SMPA, visit our website https://www.us.sumitomo-pharma.com or follow us on LinkedIn.

The Sumitomo corporate symbol mark is a trademark of Sumitomo Pharma Co., Ltd., used under license. SUMITOMO PHARMA is a trademark of Sumitomo Pharma Co., Ltd., used under license. SUMITOMO is a registered trademark of Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd., used under license. Sumitomo Pharma America, Inc. is a U.S. subsidiary of Sumitomo Pharma Co., Ltd.

©2025 Sumitomo Pharma America, Inc. All rights reserved.

References

  1. U.S. National Library of Medicine. (n.d.). Primary myelofibrosis: Medlineplus Genetics. MedlinePlus. https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/primary-myelofibrosis/
  2. Dutta A., Nath D, Yang Y, et al. Genetic ablation of Pim1 or pharmacologic inhibition with TP-3654 ameliorates myelofibrosis in murine models. Leukemia. 2022; 36 (3): 746-759. doi: 10.1038/s41375-021-01464-2.
  3. Foulks JM, Carpenter KJ, Luo B, et al. A small-molecule inhibitor of PIM kinases as a potential treatment for urothelial carcinomas. Neoplasia. 2014;16(5):403-412.

SOURCE Sumitomo Pharma America

///////Nuvisertib, serine/ threonine kinase inhibitor, antineoplastic, Orphan Drug, myelofibrosis, SGI-9481, SGI 9481, TP-3654, TP 3654, EOB0N7BOY4

Iodofalan (131I)


Iodofalan (131I)

CAS 76641-05-9

MFC9H10131INO2

Molecular FormulaC9H10INO2

Molecular Weight295.09

4-(131I)iodo-L-phenylalanine

(2S)-2-amino-3-(4-iodophenyl)propanoic acid
radiopharmaceutical, antineoplastic, Phase 2, Glioblastoma, 606VTF676Y, 131I-TLX-101, ACD 101

  • 4-Iodophenylalanine I-131
  • 4-(131I)Iodo-L-phenylalanine
  • 4-Iodo-L-phenylalanine-131I
  • ACD-101
  • L-Phenylalanine, 4-(iodo-131I)-
  • OriginatorTherapeia
  • DeveloperTelix Pharmaceuticals; Therapeia
  • ClassAmino acids; Antineoplastics; Radioisotopes; Radiopharmaceutical diagnostics; Radiopharmaceuticals; Small molecules
  • Mechanism of ActionApoptosis stimulants; Positron-emission tomography enhancers
  • Orphan Drug StatusYes – Glioblastoma
  • Phase IIGlioblastoma
  • 14 Oct 2025Telix Pharmaceuticals receives IND approval for TLX 101 in Glioblastoma
  • 27 Jul 2025Telix Pharmaceuticals plans a phase III IPAX BrIGHT trial for Glioblastoma (Monotherapy, Combination therapy, Recurrent, Second-line therapy or greater) in Australia(IV) (NCT07100730)(EudraCT2025-521785-10) in September 2025
  • 16 Apr 2025Telix has submitted for ethics approval a registration-enabling study of TLX101 in recurrent glioblastoma.

Iodofalan (131I) is a radiopharmaceutical that has garnered significant attention in oncological research due to its targeted therapeutic potential. This compound, which includes the radioactive isotope Iodine-131, has been explored for its efficacy in treating certain types of cancers, particularly those associated with the thyroid. Various research institutions worldwide have been studying Iodofalan (131I) to better understand its clinical benefits, optimize its usage, and minimize potential side effects. As a drug type, Iodofalan (131I) is categorized as a targeted radiopharmaceutical therapy, which leverages the properties of radioactive isotopes to destroy cancer cells with precision. Currently, its primary indications include differentiated thyroid cancer and non-resectable metastatic thyroid cancer, among other investigational uses.

Iodofalan (131I) Mechanism of Action

The mechanism of action for Iodofalan (131I) centers on the properties of Iodine-131, a beta-emitting isotope. When administered, Iodofalan (131I) is selectively absorbed by thyroid cells. This selectivity is due to the thyroid gland’s natural ability to uptake iodine, a key element required for the production of thyroid hormones. Cancerous thyroid tissues retain this ability, making them ideal targets for Iodofalan (131I) therapy.

Once absorbed by the thyroid cancer cells, the radioactive decay of Iodine-131 begins. This decay process emits beta particles, which possess sufficient energy to destroy nearby cells. The radiation from these beta particles causes direct DNA damage, leading to cell death. Additionally, the gamma radiation emitted by Iodine-131 can be used diagnostically to track the distribution and uptake of the compound in the body via imaging techniques such as SPECT (Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography).

The dual role of Iodofalan (131I) in both treatment and diagnostic contexts underscores its importance in managing thyroid cancers. By delivering a localized radiation dose to thyroid cancer cells, Iodofalan (131I) minimizes damage to surrounding healthy tissues, which is a significant advantage over traditional external beam radiotherapy.

What is the indication of Iodofalan (131I)?

The primary indication for Iodofalan (131I) is the treatment of differentiated thyroid cancer, a category that includes papillary and follicular thyroid cancers. These subtypes are characterized by their ability to absorb iodine, making them particularly amenable to radioiodine therapy. Iodofalan (131I) is typically used in cases where the thyroid cancer is not amenable to surgical removal or has metastasized to other parts of the body. In such scenarios, the radiopharmaceutical offers a non-invasive therapeutic option that can target and destroy cancer cells even in distant metastatic sites.

SYN

https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=US42129729&_cid=P21-MHE8B5-15309-1

EXAMPLE 1

      4-Bromo-L-phenylalanine (4-BrPA), 3-bromo-L-phenylalanine (3-BrPA), 4-iodo-L-phenylalanine (4-IPA), 4-ter.butyltinn-L-phenylalanine (4-TBSnPA), 3-ter.butyltinn-L-phenylalanine (3-TBSnPA), 4-methylsilyl-L-phenylalanine (4-Me 3SiPA) and 3-methylsilyl-L-phenylalanine (3-Me 3SiPA) used as starting materials (precursor) for radiolabeling were either purchased commercially or prior synthesized in analogy to the literature. Unless stated otherwise, all other chemicals and solvent were of analytical grade and obtained commercially or via our local hospital pharmacy. Sodium [ 124I]iodide, sodium [ 125I]iodide, sodium [131I]iodide, sodium [ 77Br]bromide, sodium [ 82Br]bromide, and sodium [ 211At]astatine for radiolabeling was obtained in the highest obtainable radiochemical purity, generally in 0.01 N NaOH or in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) from different suppliers. HPLC purification was performed on a Hewlett Packard HPLC system consisting of a binary gradient pump (HP 1100), a Valco 6-port valve with 2500 μl loop, a variable wavelength detector (HP 1100) with a UV detection at 254 nm and a sodium iodide scintillation detector (Berthold, Wildbad, Germany), using reversed-phased column (250×4 mm, Nucleosil-100). The column was eluted at different flow rates in with water/ethanol/acetic acid (89:10:1; v/v) or PBS/ethanol (90:10; v/v).
      The proposed radiolabeled phenylalanines were obtained either by non-isotopic halogen exchange (carrier-added/c.a.) or by radio-demetalation of the corresponding precursor as described in the general scheme 1, resulting to no-carrier-added (n. c. a) products after HPLC separation.

EXAMPLE 2

General synthesis of 3,4-[124I]iodo-L-phenylalanine (m, p-IPA-124), 3,4-[125I]iodo-L-phenylalanine (m,p-IPA-125) and 3,4-[131I]iodo-L-phenylalanine (m,p-IPA-131) by non-isotopic radioiodo-debromination

      A solution of carrier free sodium [ 124I]iodide, sodium [ 125I]iodide or sodium [ 131I]iodide (up to 5 GBq) and 5 μl aqueous Na 22(4.0 mg Na 225/ml) was evaporated to dryness by passing a stream of nitrogen through a reaction vessel at 100° C., followed by addition of 200 μl of the corresponding L-bromophenylalanine (0.25-0.5 mg/ml 0.1 N H 3PO 4), 20 μl aqueous L-ascorbic acid (10 mg/ml) and 20 μl aqueous Cu(II) sulphate (0.10 mol/l). The reaction vessel was heated for 30 min at 170° C., cooled and the mixture diluted with up to 500 μl water. The radioiodinated product was separated from unreacted starting materials and radioactive impurities by HPLC.
      Generally, 3/4-IPA-124, 3/4-IPA-125 and m/p-IPA-131 were obtained in 88±10% radiochemical yield, with a specific activity >500 GBq/μmol. The fraction containing the radioiodinated products was collected into a sterile tube, buffered with 0.5 M phosphate buffered saline (pH 7.0; Braun, Melsungen, Germany), and sterile filtered through a 0.22 μm sterile membrane (Millex GS, Millipore, Molsheim, France) to an isotonic and injectable radiopharmaceutical for in vitro and in vivo investigations.

PAT

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//////////Iodofalan (131I), radiopharmaceutical, antineoplastic, Phase 2, Glioblastoma, 606VTF676Y, 131I-TLX-101, ACD 101

Gildeuretinol


Gildeuretinol

Retin-20,20,20-d3-ol

CAS118139-35-8

MF C20H272H3O, MW 289.5 g/mol

(2E,4E,6E,8E)-3-(2H3)methyl-7-methyl-9-(2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-en-1-yl)nona-2,4,6,8-tetraen-1-ol; (20,20,20-2H3)retinol

(2E,4E,6E,8E)-7-methyl-3-(trideuteriomethyl)-9-(2,6,6-trimethylcyclohexen-1-yl)nona-2,4,6,8-tetraen-1-ol
vitamin A analogue, Orphan Drug, Stargardt disease, breakthrough therapy, Pediatric Rare Disease designations, ALK-001, KL-49, ALK 001, KL 49

  • OriginatorColumbia University
  • DeveloperAlkeus Pharmaceuticals
  • ClassEye disorder therapies; Retinoids; Vitamins
  • Mechanism of ActionDimerisation inhibitors; Vitamin A replacements
  • Orphan Drug StatusYes – Stargardt disease
  • Phase II/IIIDry age-related macular degeneration
  • Phase IIStargardt disease
  • No development reportedRetinal dystrophies
  • 08 Sep 2025Gildeuretinol – Alkeus Pharmaceuticals receives Orphan Drug status for Stargardt disease in European Union
  • 09 Jan 2025Alkeus Pharmaceuticals announces intention to submit an NDA to US FDA for Stargardt disease in 2025
  • 09 Jan 2025Efficacy and adverse event data from phase II trial for Stargardt disease released by Alkeus Pharmaceuticals

Gildeuretinol is an investigational new drug being developed by Alkeus Pharmaceuticals, Inc. for the treatment of retinal diseases, particularly Stargardt disease and geographic atrophy secondary to age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Stargardt disease is caused by a defect in the ABCA4 gene that clears toxic byproducts resulting from the dimerization of vitamin A. Gildeuretinol is new molecular entity designed to reduce the dimerization of vitamin A in the eye without affecting the visual cycle.[1]

Gildeuretinol has received breakthrough therapyorphan drug and Pediatric Rare Disease designations from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.[2]

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References

  1.  Zaydon YA, Tsang SH (July 2024). “The ABCs of Stargardt disease: the latest advances in precision medicine”Cell & Bioscience14 (1) 98. doi:10.1186/s13578-024-01272-yPMC 11282698PMID 39060921.
  2.  Fitch J (22 November 2024). “Gildeuretinol for Stargardt disease receives Rare Pediatric Disease, Fast Track Designations”Contemporary Pediatrics.
Clinical data
Other namesALK-001, KL-49
Identifiers
IUPAC name
CAS Number118139-35-8
PubChem CID169490774
UNIIPSZ7W5NR24
KEGGD12713
ChEMBLChEMBL5314606
Chemical and physical data
FormulaC20H30D3O
Molar mass292.500 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)Interactive image
SMILES
InChI

/////////Gildeuretinol, vitamin A analogue, Orphan Drug, Stargardt disease, breakthrough therapy, Pediatric Rare Disease designations, ALK-001, KL-49, ALK 001, KL 49, PSZ7W5NR24

Enzomenib


Enzomenib

CAS 2412555-70-3

MF C33H43FN6O3 MW 590.7 g/mol

5-fluoro-2-[4-[7-[(1S,3S,4R)-5-methylidene-2-azabicyclo[2.2.2]octane-3-carbonyl]-2,7-diazaspiro[3.5]nonan-2-yl]pyrimidin-5-yl]oxy-N,N-di(propan-2-yl)benzamide

5-fluoro-2-[(4-{7-[(1S,3S,4R)-5-methylidene-2-azabicyclo[2.2.2]octane-3-carbonyl]-2,7-
diazaspiro[3.5]nonan-2-yl}pyrimidin-5-yl)oxy]-N,Ndi(propan-2-yl)benzamide
menin-MLL (mixed-lineage leukemia) protein, interaction inhibitor, antineoplastic, DSP-5336, Fast Track,  Orphan Drug designations

Enzomenib is an investigational new drug that is being evaluated for the treatment of acute leukemia.[1] It is a small molecule inhibitor that targets the interaction between menin and mixed-lineage leukemia (MLL) proteins.[2] Enzomenib particularly in patients with KMT2A (MLL) rearrangements or NPM1 mutations.[3]

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has granted both Fast Track and Orphan Drug designations to Enzomenib.[4]

Enzomenib is an orally bioavailable, small molecule inhibitor of menin, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, enzomenib targets and binds to the nuclear protein menin, thereby preventing the interaction between the two proteins menin and menin-mixed lineage leukemia (MLL; myeloid/lymphoid leukemia; KMT2A) and the formation of the menin-MLL complex. This reduces the expression of downstream target genes and results in an inhibition of the proliferation of MLL-rearranged leukemic cells. The menin-MLL complex plays a key role in the survival, growth, transformation and proliferation of certain kinds of leukemia cells.

PAT

US10815241, Example 6

https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=US295244745&_cid=P21-MGISYZ-31333-1

Example 3 to 19

      The following compounds of Examples 3 to 19 were prepared according to a similar method to Example 1 by using each corresponding starting compound.
      

PAT

Optically active azabicyclo derivatives

Publication Number: JP-7614262-B2

Priority Date: 2018-08-27

Grant Date: 2025-01-15

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References

  1.  “Enzomenib – Sumitomo Pharma”AdisInsight. Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
  2.  Dempke WC, Desole M, Chiusolo P, Sica S, Schmidt-Hieber M (September 2023). “Targeting the undruggable: menin inhibitors ante portas”Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology149 (11): 9451–9459. doi:10.1007/s00432-023-04752-9PMC 11798168PMID 37103568.
  3.  “Sumitomo Pharma Presents New Clinical Data on DSP-5336 at the European Hematology Association 2024 Congress”Sumitomo Pharma Co., Ltd. 14 June 2024.
  4.  Flaherty C (15 July 2024). “FDA Grants Fast Track Designation to DSP-5336 in KMT2A/NMP1+ AML”OncLive.
Clinical data
Other namesDSP-5336
Identifiers
IUPAC name
CAS Number2412555-70-3
PubChem CID146430058
DrugBankDB18514
ChemSpider129534736
UNIIVW83Y2JLZ5
ChEMBLChEMBL5314915
Chemical and physical data
FormulaC33H43FN6O3
Molar mass590.744 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)Interactive image
SMILES
InChI

//////////enzomenib, Interaction inhibitor, antineoplastic, DSP 5336, Fast Track,  Orphan Drug designations

Claziprotamide


Claziprotamide

CAS 2361124-03-8, BBP 671

MF C19H20ClFN4O MW374.8 g/mol

1-[4-(6-chloropyridazin-3-yl)piperazin-1-yl]-2-(4-cyclopropyl-3-fluorophenyl)ethan-1-one

1-[4-(6-chloropyridazin-3-yl)piperazin-1-yl]-2-(4-cyclopropyl-3-fluorophenyl)ethan-1-one
pantothenate kinases 1 and 3 (PanK1 and PanK3) positive allosteric modulator

Claziprotamide is an investigational new drug that is being evaluated for the treatment of rare metabolic disorders such as pantothenate kinase-associated neurodegeneration (PKAN) and neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation (NBIA). It acts as a positive allosteric modulator (PAM) of pantothenate kinases 1 and 3 (PANK1 and PANK2) which are critical for coenzyme A biosynthesis and cellular metabolism.[1][2]

PAT

US11891378,

https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=US319558593&_cid=P22-MG32VL-67777-1

PAT

https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=WO2019133635&_cid=P22-MG32PO-63930-1

SCHEME 4B.

[00184] In one aspect, compounds of type 4.8, and similar compounds, can be prepared according to reaction Scheme 4B above. Thus, compounds of type 4.6 can be prepared by a urea bond formation reaction between an appropriate amine, e.g., 4.2 as shown above, and an appropriate isocyanate, e.g., 4.5 as shown above. Appropriate amines and appropriate isocyanates are commercially available or prepared by methods known to one skilled in the art. The nucleophilic substitution is carried out in the presence of an appropriate solvent, e.g., diethyl ether, for an appropriate period of time, e.g., 3 hours. The nucleophilic substitution is followed by a deprotection reaction. The deprotection reaction is carried out in the presence of an appropriate deprotecting agent, e.g., trifluoroacetic acid, in an appropriate solvent, e.g., dichloromethane, for an appropriate period of time, e.g., 1 hour. Compounds of type 4.8 can be prepared by an arylation reaction of appropriate amine, e.g., 4.6 as shown above, and an appropriate aryl halide, e.g., 4.7 as shown above. Appropriate aryl halides are commercially available or prepared by methods known to one skilled in the art. The arylation reaction is carried out in the presence of an appropriate base, e.g., triethylamine, in an appropriate solvent, e.g., acetonitrile, at an appropriate temperature, e.g, 160 °C, for an appropriate period of time, e.g., 30 minutes using microwave irradiations. As can be appreciated by one skilled in the art, the above reaction provides an example of a generalized approach wherein compounds similar in structure to the specific reactants above (compounds similar to compounds of type 3.6, 4.1, 4.2, and 4.3), can be substituted in the reaction to provide 4-aryl-N-phenylpiperazine-l -carboxamide derivatives similar to Formula 4.4.

PAT

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Clinical data
Other namesBBP-671
Identifiers
IUPAC name
CAS Number2361124-03-8
PubChem CID142616838
ChemSpider129431674
UNII74N47PKZ3K
PDB ligandY92 (PDBeRCSB PDB)
Chemical and physical data
FormulaC19H20ClFN4O
Molar mass374.84 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)Interactive image
SMILES
InChI

References

  1.  Tangallapally R, Subramanian C, Yun MK, Edwards A, Sharma LK, Yang L, et al. (August 2024). “Development of Brain Penetrant Pyridazine Pantothenate Kinase Activators”Journal of Medicinal Chemistry67 (16): 14432–14442. doi:10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c01211PMC 11345825PMID 39136313.
  2.  “Claziprotamide”PatSnap.

/////////Claziprotamide, BBP 671, ORPHAN DRUG

Atumelnant


Atumelnant

CAS 2392970-97-5

MF C33H42F3N5O3 MW 613.7 g/mol

CRN04894, NR57FH6U1N

CRINETICS PHARMA, Orphan Drug Status, Congenital adrenal hyperplasia

N-[(3S)-1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]octan-3-yl]-6-(2-ethoxyphenyl)-3-[(2R)-2-ethyl-4-[1-(trifluoromethyl)cyclobutanecarbonyl]piperazin-1-yl]pyridine-2-carboxamide

N-[(3S)-1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]octan-3-yl]-6-(2-ethoxyphenyl)-3-{(2R)-2-ethyl-4-[1-(trifluoromethyl) cyclobutane-1-carbonyl]piperazin-1-yl}pyridine-2-carboxamide
Adrenocorticotropic hormone receptor antagonist

  • OriginatorCrinetics Pharmaceuticals
  • ClassAmides; Antineoplastics; Antisecretories; Benzene derivatives; Cyclobutanes; Ethers; Fluorocarbons; Ketones; Piperazines; Pyridines; Quinuclidines; Small molecules
  • Mechanism of ActionMelanocortin type 2 receptor antagonists
  • Orphan Drug StatusYes – Congenital adrenal hyperplasia
  • Phase IICongenital adrenal hyperplasia; Cushing syndrome
  • No development reportedEctopic ACTH syndrome
  • 21 Aug 2025Atumelnant receives Orphan Drug status for Congenital adrenal hyperplasia in the US
  • 07 Aug 2025Crinetics pharmaceuticals plans phase II/III clinical trial for Cushing’s disease in 1H 2026
  • 08 May 2025Crinetics Pharmaceuticals plans the phase III CALM-CAH trial for Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (In adults) (PO), in the second half of 2025

Atumelnant (INNTooltip International Nonproprietary Name; developmental code name CRN04894) is an investigational new drug developed by Crinetics Pharmaceuticals for the treatment of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)-dependent endocrine disorders.[1] It is a selective antagonist of the melanocortin type 2 receptor (MC2R), also known as the ACTH receptor, which is primarily expressed in the adrenal glands.[1][2] The drug is orally active.[1] Atumelnant is being evaluated to treat conditions such as congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) and ACTH-dependent Cushing’s syndrome caused for example by pituitary adenomas.[3]

Atumelnant is an orally bioavailable nonpeptide antagonist of the adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) receptor (ACTHR; melanocortin receptor 2; MC2R), with potential steroid hormone production inhibitory activity. Upon oral administration, atumelnant competes with ACTH for receptor binding to MC2R in the adrenal cortex and inhibits ACTH signaling. This may inhibit the synthesis and secretion of steroid hormones. MC2R, a member of the melanocortin receptor subfamily of type 1 G protein-coupled receptors, plays a key role in adrenal steroidogenesis.

PAPER

Discovery of CRN04894: A Novel Potent Selective MC2R Antagonist

Publication Name: ACS Medicinal Chemistry Letters

Publication Date: 2024-03-19, PMCID: PMC11017392, PMID: 38628803

DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.3c00514

PATENTS

SYN

compound 17h [PMID: 38628803]

PATENT

https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=US278278493&_cid=P22-MFXDN2-76849-1

Example 31: N-[(3S)-1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]octan-3-yl]-6-(2-ethoxyphenyl)-3-[(2R)-2-ethyl-4-[1-(trifluoromethyl)cyclobutanecarbonyl]piperazin-1-yl]pyridine-2-carboxamide (Compound 1-410)

Step 31-1, Preparation of 6-(2-ethoxyphenyl)-3-[(2R)-2-ethyl-4-[1-(trifluoromethyl)cyclobutanecarbonyl]piperazin-1-yl]pyridine-2-carboxylic acid

      to a solution of 3-[(2R)-4-[(tert-butoxy)carbonyl]-2-ethylpiperazin-1-yl]-6-(2-ethoxyphenyl)pyridine-2-carboxylic acid (450 mg, 0.98 mmol) from Example 25, step 3 in DCM (5.0 mL) was added TFA (1.14 mL, 14.8 mmol) at rt. The resulting solution was stirred at rt for 1 h and concentrated under vacuum to afford 6-(2-ethoxyphenyl)-3-[(2R)-2-ethylpiperazin-1-yl]pyridine-2-carboxylic acid. This residue was dissolved in ACN (2 mL) and neutralized with Et 3N (˜0.3 mL). The solution was used in the next HATU coupling step without further purification.
      To a solution of 1-(trifluoromethyl)cyclobutane-1-carboxylic acid (332 mg, 1.98 mmol) in ACN (5 mL) was added HATU (751 mg, 1.98 mmol) and followed by Et 3N (0.26 mL, 1.98 mmol) at rt. After stirring at rt for 5 min, this HATU-activated solution was treated with the solution of 6-(2-ethoxyphenyl)-3-[(2R)-2-ethylpiperazin-1-yl]pyridine-2-carboxylic acid described above. The resulting mixture was stirred at rt for 30 min and concentrated under vacuum. The residue was purified by C18 reversed phase column chromatography to give the title compound (290 mg, 58% yield). LCMS (M+H) +=506.3.

Step 31-2, Preparation of N-[(3S)-1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]octan-3-yl]-6-(2-ethoxyphenyl)-3-[(2R)-2-ethyl-4-[1-(trifluoromethyl)cyclobutanecarbonyl]piperazin-1-yl]pyridine-2-carboxamide

      to a solution of 6-(2-ethoxyphenyl)-3-[(2R)-2-ethyl-4-[1-(trifluoromethyl)cyclobutanecarbonyl]piperazin-1-yl]pyridine-2-carboxylic acid (70 mg, 0.14 mmol) and HATU (58.0 mg, 0.15 mmol) in DMF (1.5 mL) was added Et 3N (0.074 mL, 0.55 mmol). After stirring at rt for 5 min, the resulting solution was treated with (S)-quinuclidin-3-amine dihydrochloride (33 mg, 0.17 mmol). The resulting mixture was stirred at rt for 1 hr and directly purified by C18 reversed phase column chromatography to give the title compound (40 mg, 47% yield). LCMS (M+H) +=614.3.

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References

  1.  “Crinetics Pharmaceuticals”AdisInsight. 21 January 2025. Retrieved 25 February 2025.
  2.  “Atumelnant (CRN04894)”crinetics.com. 14 August 2020.
  3.  Varlamov EV, Gheorghiu ML, Fleseriu M (December 2024). “Pharmacological management of pituitary adenomas – what is new on the horizon?”. Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy26 (2): 119–125. doi:10.1080/14656566.2024.2446625PMID 39718553.
Clinical data
Other namesCRN04894
Routes of
administration
Oral[1]
Drug classMelanocortin MC2 receptor antagonist[1]
Identifiers
IUPAC name
CAS Number2392970-97-5
PubChem CID146361282
IUPHAR/BPS13339
ChemSpider129750231
UNIINR57FH6U1N
KEGGD13102
Chemical and physical data
FormulaC33H42F3N5O3
Molar mass613.726 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)Interactive image
SMILES
InChI

////////Atumelnant, CRN04894, CRN 04894, NR57FH6U1N, CRINETICS PHARMA, Orphan Drug Status, Congenital adrenal hyperplasia, PHASE 3

Asengeprast


Asengeprast

CAS 1001288-58-9

FT011, FT 011, orphan drug status, systemic sclerosis, SHP-627, SHP 627,
Fast Track

2-[[(E)-3-(3-methoxy-4-prop-2-ynoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoyl]amino]benzoic acid

2-[(2E)-3-{3-methoxy-4-[(prop-2-yn-1-yl)oxy]phenyl}prop-2-enamido]benzoic acid G protein-coupled receptor 68 (GPR68) antagonist,
anti-inflammatory

MF C20H17NO5 MW 351.4 g/mol. C6V7ZU2NPR

Asengeprast (development code FT011) is an experimental scleroderma drug candidate.[1] It is a small molecule inhibitor of the G-protein coupled receptor GPR68 with antifibrotic activity.[2] It is being developed by Certa Therapeutics.

The European Medicines Agency (EMA) and the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has granted orphan drug status to FT011, for systemic sclerosis (SSc).[3]

Asengeprast has been reported to attenuate fibrosis and chronic heart failure in experimental diabetic cardiomyopathy.[4] Asengeprast can also inhibit kidney fibrosis and prevent kidney failure.[5] It was developed by structure-activity optimization of the antifibrotic activity of cinnamoyl anthranilates, by assessment of their ability to prevent TGF-beta-stimulated production of collagen.[6]

Effects of FT011 in Systemic Sclerosis, CTID: NCT04647890

Phase: Phase 2, Status: Completed, Date: 2023-12-20

SYN

Evaluation and optimization of antifibrotic activity of cinnamoyl anthranilates

Publication Name: Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters

Publication Date: 2009-12-15

PMID: 19879136

DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2009.09.120

SYN

WO2018144620

https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=WO2018144620&_cid=P21-MFTHV7-45829-1

PAT

Therapeutic compounds

Publication Number: WO-2008003141-A1

Priority Date: 2006-07-05

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References

  1.  “Asengeprast Ligand page”IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY.
  2.  “Certa Therapeutics website”.
  3.  Inácio P (23 July 2024). “Certa’s FT011 granted orphan drug status in Europe for SSc”Scleroderma News.
  4.  Zhang Y, Edgley AJ, Cox AJ, Powell AK, Wang B, Kompa AR, et al. (May 2012). “FT011, a new anti-fibrotic drug, attenuates fibrosis and chronic heart failure in experimental diabetic cardiomyopathy”. European Journal of Heart Failure14 (5): 549–562. doi:10.1093/eurjhf/hfs011PMID 22417655.
  5.  Gilbert RE, Zhang Y, Williams SJ, Zammit SC, Stapleton DI, Cox AJ, et al. (2012). “A purpose-synthesised anti-fibrotic agent attenuates experimental kidney diseases in the rat”PLOS ONE7 (10): e47160. Bibcode:2012PLoSO…747160Gdoi:10.1371/journal.pone.0047160PMC 3468513PMID 23071743.
  6.  Zammit SC, Cox AJ, Gow RM, Zhang Y, Gilbert RE, Krum H, et al. (December 2009). “Evaluation and optimization of antifibrotic activity of cinnamoyl anthranilates”. Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters19 (24): 7003–7006. doi:10.1016/j.bmcl.2009.09.120PMID 19879136.
Chemical structure of asengeprast (FT011)
Clinical data
Other namesFT011
Identifiers
IUPAC name
CAS Number1001288-58-9
PubChem CID23648966
ChemSpider24664633
UNIIC6V7ZU2NPR
ChEMBLChEMBL1075834
Chemical and physical data
FormulaC20H17NO5
Molar mass351.358 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)Interactive image
SMILES
InChI

///////////Asengeprast, FT011, FT 011, orphan drug status, systemic sclerosis, SHP-627, SHP 627, C6V7ZU2NPR, Fast Track

Tebapivat


Tebapivat

CAS 2283422-04-6

WeightAverage: 392.44
Monoisotopic: 392.116778341

Chemical FormulaC18H16N8OS

10-[(6-aminopyridin-2-yl)methyl]-7-methyl-4-(1H-pyrazol-5-ylmethyl)-3-thia-5,7,10,11-tetrazatricyclo[6.4.0.02,6]dodeca-1(8),2(6),4,11-tetraen-9-one
6-[(6-aminopyridin-2-yl)methyl]-4-methyl-2-[(1H-pyrazol-3-yl)methyl]-4,6-dihydro-5H-[1,3]thiazolo[5′,4′:4,5]pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyridazin-5-one

6-[(6-aminopyridin-2-yl)methyl]-4-methyl-2-[(1H-pyrazol-3-yl)methyl]-4,6-dihydro-5H-[1,3]thiazolo[5′,4′:4,5]pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyridazin-5-one

  • OriginatorAgios Pharmaceuticals
  • ClassAntianaemics; Small molecules
  • Mechanism of ActionPyruvate kinase stimulants
  • Orphan Drug StatusYes – Myelodysplastic syndromes
  • Phase IIAnaemia; Sickle cell anaemia
  • 01 May 2025Phase-II clinical trials in Sickle cell anaemia in USA (PO) (NCT06924970)
  • 01 May 2025Agios plans to initiate a phase II clinical trial for Sickle cell disease(PO) in mid-2025.
  • 21 Feb 2025Agios Pharmaceuticals completes a phase I bioavailability trial (In volunteers) in USA (PO, capsule) (NCT06745271)

Tebapivat is under investigation in clinical trial NCT05490446 (A Study of Tebapivat (AG-946) in Participants With Anemia Due to Lower-risk Myelodysplastic Syndromes (LR-MDS)).

Tebapivat is an orally available activator of the red cell isoform of pyruvate kinase (PK-R; PKR), with potential to improve hemolytic anemia and related-symptoms in patients with pyruvate kinase deficiency (PKD). Upon oral administration, tebapivat binds to and activates PKR, thereby enhancing glycolytic pathway activity in red blood cells (RBCs), improving adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels and reducing 2,3-diphosphoglycerate (2,3-DPG) levels. This may result in increased oxygen affinity, improved RBC deformability, decreased sickle RBC hemolysis, increased hemoglobin (Hb) levels and improved RBC membrane function. Mutations in PKR cause deficiency in PKR which prevents adequate RBC glycolysis, leading to a build-up of the upstream glycolytic intermediate 2,3-DPG and deficiency in the PKR product ATP.

SCHEME

COUPLER

COUPLER

MAIN

PATENT

Agios Pharmaceuticals, Inc.

WO2019035864

https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=WO2019035864&_cid=P22-MDGSEF-03229-1

Example 8A. Synthesis of 2-((1H-pyrazol-3-yl)methyl)-6-((6-aminopyridin-2-yl)methyl)- 4-methyl-4H-thiazolo[5′,4′:4,5]pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyridazin-5(6H)-one and 6-((6- aminopyridin-2-yl)methyl)-4-methyl-2-(1H-pyrazole-3-carbonyl)-4H- thiazolo[5′,4′:4,5]pyrroIo[2,3-d]pyridazin-5(6H)-one

Step F. Synthesis of 6-((6-aminopyridin-2-yl)methyl)-4-methyl-2-(1H-pyrazole-3- carbonyl)-4H-thiazolo[5′,4′:4,5]pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyridazin-5(6H)-one To a solution of tert- butyl (6-((4-methyl-5-oxo-2-(1-((2-(trimethylsilyl)ethoxy)methyl)-1H-pyrazole-3-carbonyl)- 4H-thiazolo[5′,4′:4,5]pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyridazin-6(5H)-yl)methyl)pyridin-2-yl)carbamate (20 mg, 0.03 mmol) in EtOH (1 mL) was added HCl (1 mL, 4 mol/L in dioxane). The mixture was stirred at 80 °C for lhr and cooled down. The precipitate was collected by filtration and neutralized with sat. NaHCO3, washed with water and dried to afford 5 mg of 6-((6- aminopyridin-2-yl)methyl)-4-methyl-2-(1H-pyrazole-3-carbonyl)-4H- thiazolo[5′,4′:4,5]pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyridazin-5(6H)-one. LC-MS (ESI): m/z 407 (M+H)+. 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ: 8.75 (s, 1H), 7.96 (s, 1H), 7.50 (s, 1H), 7.31-7.22 (m, 1H), 6.31 (d, 1H), 6.14 (d, 1H), 5.91 (s, 2H), 5.23 (s, 2H), 4.38 (s, 3H).

PATENT

WO2023091414

https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=WO2023091414&_cid=P22-MDGSRV-15431-1

PATENT

WO2019035863

WO2019035865

WO2019035864

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/////////Tebapivat, 2283422-04-6, AG946, CS-0115951, HY-135884, AG 946, CS 0115951, HY 135884, ORG4KGP5ZS, AGIOS, Orphan Drug, PHASE 2,

PALTUSOTINE


PALTUSOTINE

CAS 2172870-89-0

  • CRN00808
  • F2IBD1GMD3

WeightAverage: 456.497
Monoisotopic: 456.17616767

Chemical FormulaC27H22F2N4O

3-[4-(4-Amino-1-piperidinyl)-3-(3,5-difluorophenyl)-6-quinolinyl]-2-hydroxybenzonitrile

fda 2025, approvals 2025, To treat acromegaly in adults who had an inadequate response to surgery and/or for whom surgery is not an option

  • OriginatorCrinetics Pharmaceuticals
  • ClassAmines; Antineoplastics; Antisecretories; Fluorobenzenes; Nitriles; Piperidines; Quinolines; Small molecules
  • Mechanism of ActionSomatostatin receptor 2 agonists
  • Orphan Drug Status – Acromegaly
  • PreregistrationAcromegaly
  • Phase IIMalignant carcinoid syndrome
  • 08 May 2025Crinetics Pharmaceuticals expects potential EMA decision for paltusotine in Acromegaly, in the first half of 2026
  • 08 May 2025FDA assigns PDUFA action date of 25/09/2025 for paltusotine for acromegaly
  • 08 May 2025Crinetics Pharamceuticals plans the phase III CAREFNDR trial for Malignant carcinoid syndrome (PO), in the second quarter of 2025

Paltusotine is a selective somatostatin receptor type 2 (SST2) agonist in development by Crinetics Pharmaceuticals for the treatment of acromegaly and certain neuroendocrine tumors. It is a small molecule delivered orally.[1][2][3][4]

SCHEME

PAPER

https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acsmedchemlett.2c00431

Discovery of Paltusotine (CRN00808), a Potent, Selective, and Orally Bioavailable Non-peptide SST2 Agonist

Step 2-1, preparation of [1-(6-bromo-3-chloro-quinolin-4-yl)-piperidin-4-yl]-carbamic acid tertbutyl ester: To a DMSO solution of 6-bromo-3,4-dichloroquinoline (950 mg, 1 Eq, 3.43 mmol)
was added tert-butyl piperidin-4-ylcarbamate (841 mg, 98% Wt, 1.2 Eq, 4.12 mmol) and DIPEA
(1.19 g, 1.60 mL, 3 Eq, 10.3 mmol). The resulting mixture was heated at 60 °C for overnight.
The reaction crude was quenched with water, extracted with EtOAc, washed with brine,
concentrated and purified by silica gel chromatography to afford tert-butyl (1-(6-bromo-3-
chloroquinolin-4-yl)piperidin-4-yl)carbamate (0.95 g, 2.2 mmol, 63 %) as an off-white solid. 1H
NMR (500 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.66 (s, 1H), 8.25 (d, J=5 Hz, 1H), 7.94 (d, J=10 Hz, 1H), 7.74 (d,
J=10 Hz, 1H), 4.61 (s, 1H), 3.76 (s, 1H), 3.51 (m, 2H), 3.37 (m, 2H), 2.13-2.15 (m, 2H), 1.73-
1.65 (m, 2H), 1.48 (s, 9H). MS [M+H]
+= 442.0.
Step 4-2, preparation of 1-{3-chloro-6-[3-cyano-2-(2-methoxy-ethoxymethoxy)-phenyl]-
quinolin-4-yl}-piperidin-4-yl)-carbamic acid tert-butyl ester: To a THF (5.0 mL) solution of [1-
(6-bromo-3-chloro-quinolin-4-yl)-piperidin-4-yl]-carbamic acid tert-butyl ester (1.0 mmol, 440
mg) and 2-(2-methoxy-ethoxymethoxy)-3-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-[1,3,2]dioxaborolan-2-yl)-
benzonitrile (1.4 eq., 1.4 mmol, 460 mg) was added PdCl2dppf (0.1 eq., 0.1 mmol, 75 mg) and
KOAc (3.0 eq., 3.0 mmol, 300 mg). N2 was bubbled through the reaction solution for 5 min and
0.5 mL water was added. The resulting mixture was heated at 80 °C for 1 h. LCMS analysis

showed about 50% of the starting material has been converted to the desired product. Additional
2-(2-methoxy-ethoxymethoxy)-3-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-[1,3,2]dioxaborolan-2-yl)-benzonitrile
(1.4 eq., 1.4 mmol, 460 mg), PdCl2dppf (0.1 eq., 0.1 mmol, 75 mg) and KOAc (3.0 eq., 3.0
mmol, 300 mg) were added and the resulting solution was heated at 80 °C for another 2 h. The
reaction solution was combined with silica gel and concentrated. The residue obtained was
purified by silica gel chromatography eluting with ethyl acetate/hexane (0~50%) to give 0.512 g
of the desired product as white solid. MS [M+H]
+= 567.6.
Step 4-3, preparation of {1-[6-[3-cyano-2-(2-methoxy-ethoxymethoxy)-phenyl]-3-(3,5-difluorophenyl)-quinolin-4-yl]-piperidin-4-yl}-carbamic acid tert-butyl ester: To a dioxane (5 mL)
solution of (1-{3-chloro-6-[3-cyano-2-(2-methoxy-ethoxymethoxy)-phenyl]-quinolin-4-yl}-
piperidin-4-yl)-carbamic acid tert-butyl ester (0.5 mmol, 283 mg) was added Pd(amphos)Cl2 (0.1
eq., 0.05 mmol, 37 mg), 3, 5-difluorophenyl boronic acid (3.0 eq., 1.5 mmol, 250 mg) and
K2CO3 (4.0 eq., 2.0 mmol, 276 mg). N2 was bubbled through the reaction solution for 5 min and
0.5 mL water was added. The resulting mixture was heated at 95 °C for 0.5 h and LCMS analysis
showed that starting material was completely consumed. The reaction solution was concentrated
with silica gel and purified by silica gel chromatography eluting with ethyl acetate/hexane
(0~50%) to give 0.170 g of the desired product as white solid. MS (M+H)+= 645.6.

Step 4-4, preparation of 3-[4-(4-amino-piperidin-1-yl)-3-(3,5-difluoro-phenyl)-quinolin-6-yl]-2-hydroxybenzonitrile: to the dichloromethane (5.0 mL) solution of {1-[6-[3-cyano-2-(2-methoxyethoxymethoxy)-phenyl]-3-(3,5-difluoro-phenyl)-quinolin-4-yl]-piperidin-4-yl}-carbamic acid
tert-butyl ester (0.264 mmol, 170 mg) was added trifluroroacetic acid (2.0 mL) and the resulting
mixture was stirred at ambient temperature for 2 h. The reaction solution was concentrated and
purified by C18 reversed phase chromatography eluting with MeCN/water (0~40%). Pure
fractions were combined, neutralized with saturated NaHCO3, extracted with ethyl acetate and
dried with MgSO4. The organic solution was concentrated with HCl in ether (2.0 M) to give the
final compound as HCl salt (68 mg, 0.138 mmol, 52%).
1H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 10.77
(br s, 1H), 8.78 (s, 1H), 8.29-8.15 (m, 5H), 7.79 (dd, J=20 Hz, 5 Hz, 2H), 7.41 (m, 1H), 7.26-
7.19 (m, 3H), 3.59 (t, J=12 Hz, 2H), 3.31 (m, 1H), 3.00 (t, J=12 Hz, 2H), 2.05-1.99 (m, 2H),
1.76-1.74 (m, 2H). MS [M+H]
+= 457.5. 13C NMR (DMSO-d6) δ 30.2, 47.4, 50.8, 102.4, 103.2,
113.4, 117.2, 121.4, 124.6, 130.7, 133.1, 134.6, 136.0, 141.7, 156.6, 161.2, 163.2. LCMS purity

98% (254&220 nM). HRMS m/z [M+H]+ Calcd for C27H23F2N4O 457.1834; found 457.1833.

PATENT

US10351547, Compound 2-2

https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=US235548187&_cid=P20-MCSHXW-73235-1

PATENTS

WO2021011641

WO2018013676

References

  1. ^ Madan, Ajay; Markison, Stacy; Betz, Stephen F.; Krasner, Alan; Luo, Rosa; Jochelson, Theresa; Lickliter, Jason; Struthers, R. Scott (April 2022). “Paltusotine, a novel oral once-daily nonpeptide SST2 receptor agonist, suppresses GH and IGF-1 in healthy volunteers”Pituitary25 (2): 328–339. doi:10.1007/s11102-021-01201-zPMC 8894159PMID 35000098.
  2. ^ Zhao, Jian; Wang, Shimiao; Markison, Stacy; Kim, Sun Hee; Han, Sangdon; Chen, Mi; Kusnetzow, Ana Karin; Rico-Bautista, Elizabeth; Johns, Michael; Luo, Rosa; Struthers, R. Scott; Madan, Ajay; Zhu, Yunfei; Betz, Stephen F. (12 January 2023). “Discovery of Paltusotine (CRN00808), a Potent, Selective, and Orally Bioavailable Non-peptide SST2 Agonist”ACS Medicinal Chemistry Letters14 (1): 66–74. doi:10.1021/acsmedchemlett.2c00431PMC 9841592PMID 36655128.
  3. ^ Gadelha, Monica R; Gordon, Murray B; Doknic, Mirjana; Mezősi, Emese; Tóth, Miklós; Randeva, Harpal; Marmon, Tonya; Jochelson, Theresa; Luo, Rosa; Monahan, Michael; Madan, Ajay; Ferrara-Cook, Christine; Struthers, R Scott; Krasner, Alan (13 April 2023). “ACROBAT Edge: Safety and Efficacy of Switching Injected SRLs to Oral Paltusotine in Patients With Acromegaly”The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism108 (5): e148 – e159. doi:10.1210/clinem/dgac643PMC 10099171PMID 36353760S2CID 253445337.
  4. ^ Zhao, Jie; Fu, Hong; Yu, Jingjing; Hong, Weiqi; Tian, Xiaowen; Qi, Jieyu; Sun, Suyue; Zhao, Chang; Wu, Chao; Xu, Zheng; Cheng, Lin; Chai, Renjie; Yan, Wei; Wei, Xiawei; Shao, Zhenhua (21 February 2023). “Prospect of acromegaly therapy: molecular mechanism of clinical drugs octreotide and paltusotine”Nature Communications14 (1): 962. Bibcode:2023NatCo..14..962Zdoi:10.1038/s41467-023-36673-zISSN 2041-1723PMC 9944328PMID 36810324.
Legal status
Legal statusInvestigational
Identifiers
showIUPAC name
CAS Number2172870-89-0
PubChem CID134168328
ChemSpider81367268
UNIIF2IBD1GMD3
Chemical and physical data
FormulaC27H22F2N4O
Molar mass456.497 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)Interactive image
showSMILES
showInChI

////////PALTUSOTINE, ORPHAN DRUG, Acromegaly, CRN 00808, F2IBD1GMD3, fda 2025, approvals 2025

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HEXASODIUM PHYTATE


HEXASODIUM PHYTATE

cas 34367-89-0

myo-Inositol, 1,2,3,4,5,6-hexakis(dihydrogen phosphate) sodium salt (1:6)

hexasodium;[2,3,4,5,6-pentakis[[hydroxy(oxido)phosphoryl]oxy]cyclohexyl] hydrogen phosphate

free form RN: 83-86-3

C6H12Na6O24P6, 791.93

  • Inositol, hexakis(dihydrogen phosphate) hexasodium salt, myo– (8CI)
  • myo-Inositol, hexakis(dihydrogen phosphate), hexasodium salt (9CI)
  • Hexasodium fytate
  • Hexasodium phytate
  • SNF 472
  • UNII-ZBX50UG81V
  • CSL-525; Hexasodium phytate; Myo-inositol hexaphosphate; SNF-472

x Na salt

14306-25-3

C6H18O24P6.xNa

free form : 83-86-3

myo-Inositol, 1,2,3,4,5,6-hexakis(dihydrogen phosphate), sodium salt

(1R,2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-CYCLOHEXANE-1,2,3,4,5,6-HEXAYL-HEXAKIS(DIHYDROGEN PHOSPHATE)
INOSITOL, HEXAKIS(DIHYDROGEN PHOSPHATE) HEXASODIUM SALT, MYO-
  • Inositol, hexakis(dihydrogen phosphate) sodium salt, myo– (8CI)
  • myo-Inositol, hexakis(dihydrogen phosphate), sodium salt (9CI)
  • Inositol hexaphosphate sodium salt
  • Phytic acid sodium salt
  • Sodium inositol hexaphosphate
  • Sodium phytate
  • OriginatorLaboratoris Sanifit
  • DeveloperCSL Vifor; Laboratoris Sanifit
  • ClassAntineoplastics; Calcium regulators; Cardiovascular therapies; Phosphates; Small molecules; Sodium compounds; Sugar alcohols
  • Mechanism of ActionUndefined mechanism
  • Orphan Drug StatusYes – Peripheral arterial disorders; Calciphylaxis
  • Phase IIICalciphylaxis; Peripheral arterial disorders
  • 09 Nov 2022Phase-III clinical trials in Peripheral arterial disorders in USA (IV) (CSL Behring pipeline, November 2022)
  • 24 Oct 2022Sanifit Therapeutics completes a phase III trial in Calciphylaxis in Belgium, Poland, United Kingdom, Germany, Spain, USA (IV) (NCT04195906)
  • 28 Sep 2022Hexasodium fytate is still in phase III trials for Calciphylaxis in USA (IV) (NCT04195906)
  • You need to be a logged in or subscribed to view this 

Hexasodium phytate (also known as SNF472) is a compound being developed as a potential treatment for calciphylaxis, a condition causing skin damage and tissue death in patients with end-stage renal disease. It works by inhibiting the formation and growth of hydroxyapatite crystals, which are implicated in calciphylaxis. 

What it is:Hexasodium phytate is the hexasodium salt of myo-inositol hexaphosphate (IP6), a naturally occurring substance found in foods like beans and grains. 

  • How it works:It binds to hydroxyapatite crystals, the main component of vascular calcification, and prevents their growth, potentially disrupting the calciphylaxis process. 
  • Why it’s used:Hexasodium phytate is being investigated as a treatment for calciphylaxis, a serious complication of end-stage renal disease characterized by skin and tissue damage due to calcification of small blood vessels. 
  • Mechanism:It is believed to work by inhibiting the formation and growth of calcium-phosphate crystals (hydroxyapatite) in the blood vessels, thus preventing the calcification that leads to calciphylaxis. 
  • Clinical trials:Clinical trials have demonstrated the safety and potential efficacy of hexasodium phytate in reducing hydroxyapatite crystallization in patients undergoing hemodialysis, providing a basis for its use in treating calciphylaxis. 
  • Intravenous administration:It is administered intravenously during dialysis sessions to achieve supra-physiological plasma concentrations, which are thought to be necessary for its therapeutic effect. 
  • Benefits:It has shown promise in preclinical studies and clinical trials, potentially improving wound healing, pain, and health-related quality of life in patients with calciphylaxis. 
  • Active development:It is currently in active development as a novel experimental drug for the treatment of calciphylaxis and other related conditions. 

Phytic acid is a major phosphorus storage compound of most seeds and cereal grains. It has the strong ability to chelate multivalent metal ions, especially zinc, calcium, and iron. Phytic acid is also considered to be a natural antioxidant and is suggested to have potential functions of reducing lipid peroxidation and as a preservative in foods. Clathrin-associated adaprot complex AP-2 has it been suggested may act as one of the receptor sites for Phytic acid. Both in vivo and in vitro experiments have demonstrated striking anticancer (preventive as well as therapeutic) effects of Phytic acid.

SCHEME

contd………

References

WO2022129148

EP4015494

CN114874473

iScience (2022), 25(3), 103950

CN111718463 

 CN110483240

Uzbekskii Khimicheskii Zhurnal (1995), (5-6), 72-75 JP61056142

////////HEXASODIUM PHYTATE, Hexasodium fytate, Hexasodium phytate, SNF 472, calciphylaxis, UNII-ZBX50UG81V, CSL-525, Hexasodium phytate, Myo-inositol hexaphosphate, SNF-472, ORPHAN DRUG