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GSK 2269557 In Phase 1….Asthma , COPD, is it COMPD A OR B?
COMPD A
Compd A OR B IS GSK 2269557
DATA FOR COMPD A
6-(1H-indol-4-yl)-4-[5-[[4-(1-methylethyl)-1-piperazinyl]methyl]-2-oxazolyl]-1H-Indazole,
6-(1 H-lndol-4-yl)-4-(5-{[4-(1-methylethyl)-1-piperazinyl]methyl}-1,3-oxazol-2-yl)-1 H- indazole
EMAIL ME amcrasto@gmail.com
Phosphoinositide 3ΌΗ kinases (hereinafter PI3Ks) are a family of signal transducer enzymes which are involved in various cellular functions including cell growth, proliferation and differentiation. A wide variety of retroviruses and DNA-based viruses activate the PI3K pathway as a way of preventing host cell death during viral infection and ultimately exploiting the host cell synthesis machinery for its replication (Virology 344(1) p. 131-8 (2006) by Vogt et al.; and Nat. Rev. Microbiol. 6(4) p. 265-75 (2008) by Buchkovich et al). It has therefore been postulated that PI3K inhibitors may have potential therapeutic benefit in the treatment of viral infections such as influenza virus infection, in addition to the more established treatment of cancer and inflammatory diseases.
The Influenza NS1 protein activates Class la PI3Ks by binding to their regulatory subunit p85beta but not to other Class la regulatory subunits such as p85alpha. The recent crystal structure of the NS1-p85beta complex (Hale et al. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U S A. 107(5) p.1954-1959 (2010)) is also suggestive of an interaction with the p110 kinase subunit providing a mechanism for catalytic activation of the kinase domain. This observation provides a rationale for isoform specificity not only with the p85 regulatory subunit but also potentially with the p110 catalytic subunit too. The function of PI3K during influenza virus infection has also been investigated by, for example, Ehrhardt et al. (Cell. Microbiol. 8(8) p. 1336-1348 (2006)), and the role of PI3K5 signalling in morbidity and lung pathology induced by influenza virus infection has been reported in WO 2010/083163.
There remains a need to provide compounds which are inhibitors of the activity or function of PI3K5 which may be useful in the treatment or prevention of influenza virus infection.
GSK 2269557 is an inhaled phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase delta (PI3Kdelta) inhibitor in early clinical trials at GlaxoSmithKline for the treatment of patients with asthma and also for the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in patients who smoke cigarettes.
- 18 Nov 2014GlaxoSmithKline plans a phase II trial in Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Belgium, Denmark, the Netherlands and Russia (NCT02294734)
- 01 Jun 2014Phase-II clinical trials in Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Germany (Inhalation)
- 01 May 2014GlaxoSmithKline plans a phase II trial for Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Germany (NCT02130635)
EMAIL ME amcrasto@gmail.com
CLICK ON IMAGES TO VIEW SIMILAR ROUTES FOR COMPD A AND B
CLICK ON IMAGE TO VIEW
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COMPD A
WO 2012032065
http://www.google.com/patents/WO2012032065A1?cl=en
Example 68
6-(1 H-lndol-4-yl)-4-(5-{[4-(1-methylethyl)-1-piperazinyl]methyl}-1,3-oxazol-2-yl)-1 H- indazole
Method A
6-Chloro-4-(5-{[4-(1-methylethyl)-1-piperazinyl]methyl}-1 ,3-oxazol-2-yl)-1-(phenylsulfonyl)- 1/-/-indazole (97 mg, 0.194 mmol), 4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1 ,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-1 H- indole (61.3 mg, 0.252 mmol, available from Frontier Scientific Europe), chloro[2′- (dimethylamino)-2-biphenylyl]palladium-(1 ,4S)-bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-yl[(1 S,4 )- bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-yl]phosphane (10.87 mg, 0.019 mmol) and potassium phosphate tribasic (124 mg, 0.582 mmol) were dissolved in 1 ,4-dioxane (1 ml) and water (0.1 ml) and heated in a Biotage Initiator microwave at 100°C for 30 min. Additional 4-(4,4,5,5- tetramethyl-1 ,3,2-dioxabotolan-2-yl)-1 H-indole (61.3 mg, 0.252 mmol) and chloro[2′- (dimethylamino)-2-biphenylyl]palladium-(1 ,4S)-bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-yl[(1 S,4 )- bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-yl]phosphane (5 mg) were added and the reaction heated at 1 10°C for 30 min, then 140°C for 30 min. The solvent was removed in vacuo and the residue purified by silica gel chromatography, eluting with 0-25% methanol in dichloromethane. The appropriate fractions were combined and concentrated to give a brown solid which was dissolved in MeOH:DMSO (1 ml, 1 : 1 , v/v) and purified by MDAP (method H). The appropriate fractions were concentrated in vacuo to give the title compound as a white solid (30 mg).
LCMS (Method A): Rt 0.57 mins, MH+ 441.
Method B
6-Chloro-4-(5-{[4-(1-methylethyl)-1-piperazinyl]methyl}-1 ,3-oxazol-2-yl)-1-(phenylsulfonyl)- 1 H-indazole (75.17 g, 150 mmol), 4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1 ,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-1 H- indole (73.1 g, 301 mmol), sodium bicarbonate (37.9 g, 451 mmol), and chloro[2′- (dimethylamino)-2-biphenylyl]palladium-(1 ,4S)-bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-yl[(1 S,4 )- bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-yl]phosphane (8.43 g, 15.03 mmol) were suspended in nitrogen purged 1 ,4-dioxane (1200 ml_) and water (300 ml_). The reaction vessel was placed under alternating vacuum and nitrogen five times with overhead stirring, then finally placed under a nitrogen atmosphere and heated to 120°C for 2.5 h.
The reaction mixture was cooled to 45°C and then treated with 2M aqueous sodium hydroxide (376 ml_, 752 mmol). After stirring at 45°C overnight (~ 13h), the mixture was cooled to RT and DCM (600 ml) and water (400 ml) were added. The layers were separated and the aqueous re-extracted with DCM: 1 ,4-dioxane (1 : 1). Brine was added and the mixture filtered through Celite, washing with DCM: 1 ,4-dioxane (1 : 1). The layers were separated and 2M HCI (1000 ml) added to the organic. The mixture was again filtered through Celite washing with 500 ml 2M HCI keeping the washings separate. The filtrate layers were then separated and the organic layer was washed with the acid washings from the Celite. Layers were separated and the acidic aqueous combined. This was then back-washed with 2×500 ml of DCM; each wash requiring a Celite filtration. The acidic aqueous was then given a final filtration through Celite washing the Celite pad with 150 ml of 2M HCI.
The acidic aqueous was transfered to a beaker (5000 ml) and with vigorous stirring 2M NaOH was added to basify the mixture to pH 10-11. The mixture was then extracted using 1 ,4-dioxane: DCM (1 : 1) (5 x 500 ml). The combined organics were washed with brine, dried over magnesium sulphate, filtered and evaporated to yield a brown foam that was dried in vacuo at 50°C overnight. This material was split into three batches and each was purified by reverse phase column chromatography (3x 1.9 kg C18 column), loading in DMF/TFA (1 : 1 , 30 ml) then eluting with 3-40% MeCN in Water + 0.25% TFA (Note: Columns 2 & 3 used a different gradient starting with 10% MeCN).
Appropriate fractions were combined, the acetotnitrile removed in vacuo and the acidic aqueous basified to pH10 by addition of saturated aqueous sodium carbonate solution to the stirred solution. The resultant solid was collected by filtration, washed with water then dried in vacuo at 65°C overnight to give the title compound (28.82 g) as a pale brown foam.
LCMS (Method A): Rt 0.68 mins, MH+ 441.
1 H NMR (400MHz ,DMSO-d6) d = 13.41 (br. s., 1 H), 11.35 (br. s., 1 H), 8.59 (br. s., 1 H), 8.07 (d, J = 1.5 Hz, 1 H), 7.90 (br. s., 1 H), 7.51 – 7.44 (m, 2 H), 7.32 (s, 1 H), 7.27 – 7.21 (m, 2 H), 6.61 – 6.58 (m, 1 H), 3.73 (br. s., 2 H), 2.64 – 2.36 (m, 9 H), 0.97 – 0.90 (m, 6 H)
Method C
Potassium hydroxide (145.6 g) was added to a suspension of 6-(1 H-indol-4-yl)-4-(5-{[4-(1- methylethyl)-1-piperazinyl]methyl}-1 ,3-oxazol-2-yl)-1-(phenylsulfonyl)-1 H-indazole (300.7 g) and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (9.3 g) in tetrahydrofuran (6.0 L) and water (30 ml) stirring under nitrogen at ambient temperature. The mixture was heated at reflux for 17 hours and was then cooled to 20-25°C. Ethyl acetate (3.0 L) and water (3.0 L) were added, stirred for 10 minutes and then separated. The organic layer was extracted with hydrochloric acid (1 M, 1 x 3.0 L, 2 x 1.5L) and the acidic extracts combined and basified to ~pH 8 by the addition of saturated sodium carbonate solution (2.1 L). After ageing for 30 minutes the resultant suspension was filtered, washed with water (300 ml) and the solid dried under vacuum at 65°C to give the title compound as a pale yellow solid (127.9 g).
LCMS (Method B): Rt 2.44 min, MH+ 441.
…………………………………………………………………………
WO 2010125082
http://www.google.co.in/patents/WO2010125082A1?cl=en
Example 6
6-(1 H-lndol-4-yl)-4-(5-{[4-(1 -methylethyl)-1 -piperazinyl]methyl}-1 ,3-oxazol-2-yl)-1 H- indazole
Method A
6-Chloro-4-(5-{[4-(1-methylethyl)-1-piperazinyl]methyl}-1 ,3-oxazol-2-yl)-1-(phenylsulfonyl)- 1H-indazole (97 mg, 0.194 mmol), 4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1 ,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-1 H- indole (61.3 mg, 0.252 mmol, available from Frontier Scientific Europe), chloro[2′- (dimethylamino)-2-biphenylyl]palladium-(1 R,4S)-bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-yl[(1 S,4R)- bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-yl]phosphane (10.87 mg, 0.019 mmol) and potassium phosphate tribasic (124 mg, 0.582 mmol) were dissolved in 1 ,4-dioxane (1 ml) and water (0.1 ml) and heated in a Biotage Initiator microwave at 1000C for 30 min. Additional 4-(4, 4,5,5- tetramethyl-1 ,3,2-dioxabotolan-2-yl)-1 H-indole (61.3 mg, 0.252 mmol) and chloro[2′- (dimethylamino)-2-biphenylyl]palladium-(1 R,4S)-bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-yl[(1 S,4R)- bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-yl]phosphane (5 mg) were added and the reaction heated at 1 1O0C for 30 min, then 14O0C for 30 min. The solvent was removed in vacuo and the residue purified by silica gel chromatography, eluting with 0-25% methanol in dichloromethane. The appropriate fractions were combined and concentrated to give a brown solid which was dissolved in MeOH:DMSO (1 ml, 1 :1 , v/v) and purified by MDAP (method A). The appropriate fractions were concentrated in vacuo to give the title compound as a white solid (30 mg).
LCMS (Method A): Rt 0.57 mins, MH+ 441.
Method B
6-Chloro-4-(5-{[4-(1-methylethyl)-1-piperazinyl]methyl}-1 ,3-oxazol-2-yl)-1-(phenylsulfonyl)- 1 H-indazole (75.17 g, 150 mmol), 4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1 ,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-1 H- indole (73.1 g, 301 mmol), sodium bicarbonate (37.9 g, 451 mmol), and chloro[2′- (dimethylamino)-2-biphenylyl]palladium-(1 R,4S)-bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-yl[(1 S,4R)- bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-yl]phosphane (8.43 g, 15.03 mmol) were suspended in nitrogen purged 1 ,4-dioxane (1200 ml.) and water (300 ml_). The reaction vessel was placed under alternating vacuum and nitrogen five times with overhead stirring, then finally placed under a nitrogen atmosphere and heated to 1200C for 2.5 h.
The reaction mixture was cooled to 45°C and then treated with 2M aqueous sodium hydroxide (376 ml_, 752 mmol). After stirring at 450C overnight (~ 13h), the mixture was cooled to RT and DCM (600 ml) and water (400 ml) were added. The layers were separated and the aqueous re-extracted with DCM: 1 ,4-dioxane (1 :1 ). Brine was added and the mixture filtered through Celite, washing with DCM: 1 ,4-dioxane (1 :1 ). The layers were separated and 2M HCI (1000 ml) added to the organic. The mixture was again filtered through Celite washing with 500 ml 2M HCI keeping the washings separate. The filtrate layers were then separated and the organic layer was washed with the acid washings from the Celite. Layers were separated and the acidic aqueous combined. This was then back-washed with 2×500 ml of DCM; each wash requiring a Celite filtration. The acidic aqueous was then given a final filtration through Celite washing the Celite pad with 150 ml of 2M HCI.
The acidic aqueous was transfered to a beaker (5000 ml) and with vigorous stirring 2M NaOH was added to basify the mixture to pH 10-11. The mixture was then extracted using 1 ,4-dioxane:DCM (1 :1 ) (5 x 500 ml). The combined organics were washed with brine, dried over magnesium sulphate, filtered and evaporated to yield a brown foam that was dried in vacuo at 500C overnight.
This material was split into three batches and each was purified by reverse phase column chromatography (3x 1.9 kg C18 column), loading in DMF/TFA (1 :1 , 30 ml) then eluting with 3-40% MeCN in Water + 0.25% TFA (Note: Columns 2 & 3 used a different gradient starting with 10% MeCN).
Appropriate fractions were combined, the acetotnitrile removed in vacuo and the acidic aqueous basified to pH10 by addition of saturated aqueous sodium carbonate solution to the stirred solution. The resultant solid was collected by filtration, washed with water then dried in vacuo at 65°C overnight to give the title compound (28.82 g) as a pale brown foam.
LCMS (Method A): Rt 0.68 mins, MH+ 441. 1H NMR (400MHz ,DMSOd6) d = 13.41 (br. s., 1 H), 11.35 (br. s., 1 H), 8.59 (br. s., 1 H), 8.07 (d, J = 1.5 Hz, 1 H), 7.90 (br. s., 1 H), 7.51 – 7.44 (m, 2 H), 7.32 (s, 1 H), 7.27 – 7.21 (m, 2 H), 6.61 – 6.58 (m, 1 H), 3.73 (br. s., 2 H), 2.64 – 2.36 (m, 9 H), 0.97 – 0.90 (m, 6 H)
EMAIL ME amcrasto@gmail.com
COMPD B
http://www.google.co.in/patents/WO2010125082A1?cl=en
Example 1
Λ/-[5-[4-(5-{[(2/?,6S)-2,6-Dimethyl-4-morpholinyl]methyl}-1,3-oxazol-2-yl)-1H-indazol-
6-yl]-2-(methyloxy)-3-pyridinyl]methanesulfonamide
Method A
To a solution of 6-chloro-4-(5-{[(2R,6S)-2,6-dimethyl-4-morpholinyl]methyl}-1 ,3-oxazol-2- yl)-1-(phenylsulfonyl)-1 H-indazole (0.20 g, 0.411 mmol) and N-[2-(methoxy)-5-(4,4,5,5- tetramethyl-1 ,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-3-pyridyl]methanesulfonamide (0.175 g, 0.534 mmol) in 1 ,4-dioxane (2 ml) was added chloro[2′-(dimethylamino)-2-biphenylyl]palladium- 1 (1 /?,4S)-bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-yl[(1 S,4/?)-bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-yl]phosphane (11.5 mg, 0.021 mmol), potassium phosphate tribasic (0.262 g, 1.23 mmol) and water (0.2 ml). The reaction mixture was heated and stirred at 12O0C under microwave irradiation for 1 h. Additional chloroP’^dimethylamino^-biphenylyOpalladium-^I R^S^bicycloP^.ilhept^- yl[(1 S,4/?)-bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-yl]phosphane (11.5 mg, 0.021 mmol) and potassium phosphate tribasic (80 mg) were added and the reaction heated to 12O0C under microwave irradiation for 1 h. Additional potassium phospate tribasic (80 mg) was added and the reaction heated under the same conditions for a further 1 h. The reaction mixture was filtered through a silica SPE and eluted with methanol. The solvent was removed in vacuo and the residue partitioned between dichloromethane (5 ml) and water (5 ml). The layers were separated and the aqueous extracted with further dichloromethane (2x 2 ml). The combined organics were concentrated under a stream of nitrogen and the residue dissolved in MeOH:DMSO (3ml, 1 :1 , v/v) and purified by MDAP (method A) in 3 injections. The appropriate fractions were combined and concentrated to give a white solid which was dissolved in MeOH:DMSO (1 ml, 1 :1 , v/v) and further purified by MDAP (method B). The appropriate fractions were basified to pH 6 with saturated sodium bicarbonate solution and extracted with ethyl acetate (2x 25 ml). The combined organics were dried and evaporated in vacuo to give a white solid which was further dried under nitrogen at 4O0C for 3 h to give the title compound as a white solid (26 mg). LCMS (Method A): Rt 0.53 mins, MH+ 513.
Method B N-[2-(Methyloxy)-5-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1 ,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-3- pyridinyl]methanesulfonamide (101 g, 308 mmol), 6-chloro-4-(5-{[(2R,6S)-2,6-dimethyl-4- morpholinyl]methyl}-1 ,3-oxazol-2-yl)-1-(phenylsulfonyl)-1 H-indazole (83.3 g, 154 mmol) and sodium bicarbonate (38.8 g, 462 mmol) were suspended in 1 ,4-dioxane (1840 ml) and water (460 ml) under nitrogen and heated to 800C. Chloro[2′-(dimethylamino)-2- biphenylyl]palladium-1 (1 R,4S)-bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-yl[(1 S,4R)-bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2- yl]phosphane (8.63 g, 15.40 mmol) was added and the mixture stirred overnight at 800C.
The reaction mixture was cooled to 450C, sodium hydroxide 2M aq. (770 ml, 1540 mmol) added and the reaction heated to 45 0C for 4 hours. The mixture was cooled to RT and diluted with water (610 ml_). Dichloromethane (920 ml.) was added, and the mixture was filtered twice through Celite (washed with 200 ml. 1 ,4-dioxane/DCM 2:1 each time). The phases were separated, and aqueous washed with 1 ,4-dioxane/DCM 2:1 (500 ml_). The aqueous phase was neutralised with hydrochloric acid to pH -7 and extracted with 1 ,4- dioxane/DCM 2:1 (1 L), then 1 ,4 dioxane/DCM 1 :1 (2×500 ml_). The organics were washed with brine (500 ml_), and filtered through Celite (washed with 200 ml. 1 ,4 dioxane/DCM 2:1 ), and evaporated to yield a dark black solid, which was purified in 4 batches:
Batch 1 : 28g was dissolved in Toluene/Ethanol/Ammonia 80:20:2 (100 ml.) and purified by column chromatography (1.5 kg silica column), eluting with Toluene/Ethanol/Ammonia 80:20:2 to give the title compound as an off-white solid (14.78 g).
Batch 2: 3Og was dissolved in methanol and mixed with Fluorisil. The solvent was then removed by evaporation and the solid purified by column chromatography (1.5 kg silica column, solid sample injection module), eluting with Toluene/Ethanol/Ammonia 80:20:2 to give the title compound as an off-white solid (9.44 g).
Batch 3: 31 g was dissolved in Toluene/Ethanol/Ammonia 80:20:2 (100 ml.) and purified by column chromatography (1.5 kg silica column), eluting with Toluene/Ethanol/Ammonia 80:20:2 to give the title compound as an off-white solid (17 g).
Batch 4: 29g was dissolved in Toluene/Ethanol/Ammonia 80:20:2 (100 ml.) and purified by column chromatography (1.5 kg silica column), eluting with Toluene/Ethanol/Ammonia 80:20:2 to give the title compound as an off-white solid (21 g).
The mixed fractions from the 4 columns were combined and evaporated to yield 19 g which was dissolved in 200 ml. of Toluene/Ethanol/Ammonia 80:20:2 (+ additional 4ml of 0.88 NH3 to help solubility) then purified by column chromatography (1.5 kg silica column), eluting with Toluene/Ethanol/Ammonia 80:20:2 to give the title compound as an off-white solid (6.1 g).
All pure batches were combined (68 g) and recrystallised from ethanol (1200 ml_). The suspension was heated to reflux and a solution formed. The resulting solution was then cooled to room temperature overnight. The resulting solid was then collected by filtration, washed sparingly with ethanol and dried under vacuum to give the title compound as an off-white solid (56 g). This material was recrystallised again from ethanol (1 100 ml_). The suspension was heated to reflux and a solution formed. The resulting solution was then cooled to room temperature overnight with stirring. The resulting solid was collected by filtration and washed sparingly with ethanol. The solid was dried in vacuo at 600C for 5hrs to give the title compound as an off-white solid (45.51 g). LCMS (Method A): Rt 0.61 mins, MH+ 513.
The filtrate from the two recrystallisations was evaporated to yield -23 g of a solid residue that was dissolved in 200 ml. of Toluene/Ethanol/Ammonia 80:20:2 (+ additional 4ml of 0.88 NH3 to help solubility) then purified by column chromatography (1.5 kg silica column), eluting with Toluene/Ethanol/Ammonia 80:20:2 to give a further crop of the title compound as an off-white solid (18.5 g). This solid was then recrystallised from ethanol (370 ml_). The suspension was heated to reflux then the resulting solution stirred for 20 mins before being allowed to cool to room temperature naturally overnight. The solid was then dried in vacuo at 65°C overnight to give the title compound as an off-white solid (11.9O g). LCMS (Method A): Rt 0.62 mins, MH+ 513.
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http://www.google.co.in/patents/US8735390
Example 1N-[5-[4-(5-{[(2R,6S)-2,6-Dimethyl-4-morpholinyl]methyl}-1,3-oxazol-2-yl)-1H-indazol-6-yl]-2-(methyloxy)-3-pyridinyl]methanesulfonamide
Method A
To a solution of 6-chloro-4-(5-{[(2R,6S)-2,6-dimethyl-4-morpholinyl]methyl}-1,3-oxazol-2-yl)-1-(phenylsulfonyl)-1H-indazole (0.20 g, 0.411 mmol) and N-[2-(methoxy)-5-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-3-pyridyl]methanesulfonamide (0.175 g, 0.534 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (2 ml) was added chloro[2′-(dimethylamino)-2-biphenylyl]palladium-1(1R,4S)-bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-yl[(1S,4R)-bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-yl]phosphane (11.5 mg, 0.021 mmol), potassium phosphate tribasic (0.262 g, 1.23 mmol) and water (0.2 ml). The reaction mixture was heated and stirred at 120° C. under microwave irradiation for 1 h. Additional chloro[2′-(dimethylamino)-2-biphenylyl]palladium-1(1R,4S)-bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-yl[(1S,4R)-bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-yl]phosphane (11.5 mg, 0.021 mmol) and potassium phosphate tribasic (80 mg) were added and the reaction heated to 120° C. under microwave irradiation for 1 h. Additional potassium phospate tribasic (80 mg) was added and the reaction heated under the same conditions for a further 1 h. The reaction mixture was filtered through a silica SPE and eluted with methanol. The solvent was removed in vacuo and the residue partitioned between dichloromethane (5 ml) and water (5 ml). The layers were separated and the aqueous extracted with further dichloromethane (2×2 ml). The combined organics were concentrated under a stream of nitrogen and the residue dissolved in MeOH:DMSO (3 ml, 1:1, v/v) and purified by MDAP (method A) in 3 injections. The appropriate fractions were combined and concentrated to give a white solid which was dissolved in MeOH:DMSO (1 ml, 1:1, v/v) and further purified by MDAP (method B). The appropriate fractions were basified to pH 6 with saturated sodium bicarbonate solution and extracted with ethyl acetate (2×25 ml). The combined organics were dried and evaporated in vacuo to give a white solid which was further dried under nitrogen at 40° C. for 3 h to give the title compound as a white solid (26 mg).
LCMS (Method A): Rt 0.53 mins, MH+ 513.
Method B
N-[2-(Methyloxy)-5-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-3-pyridinyl]methanesulfonamide (101 g, 308 mmol), 6-chloro-4-(5-{[(2R,6S)-2,6-dimethyl-4-morpholinyl]methyl}-1,3-oxazol-2-yl)-1-(phenylsulfonyl)-1H-indazole (83.3 g, 154 mmol) and sodium bicarbonate (38.8 g, 462 mmol) were suspended in 1,4-dioxane (1840 ml) and water (460 ml) under nitrogen and heated to 80° C. Chloro[2′-(dimethylamino)-2-biphenylyl]palladium-1(1R,4S)-bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-yl[(1S,4R)-bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-yl]phosphane (8.63 g, 15.40 mmol) was added and the mixture stirred overnight at 80° C.
The reaction mixture was cooled to 45° C., sodium hydroxide 2M aq. (770 ml, 1540 mmol) added and the reaction heated to 45° C. for 4 hours. The mixture was cooled to RT and diluted with water (610 mL). Dichloromethane (920 mL) was added, and the mixture was filtered twice through Celite (washed with 200 mL 1,4-dioxane/DCM 2:1 each time). The phases were separated, and aqueous washed with 1,4-dioxane/DCM 2:1 (500 mL). The aqueous phase was neutralised with hydrochloric acid to pH ˜7 and extracted with 1,4-dioxane/DCM 2:1 (1 L), then 1,4 dioxane/DCM 1:1 (2×500 mL). The organics were washed with brine (500 mL), and filtered through Celite (washed with 200 mL 1,4 dioxane/DCM 2:1), and evaporated to yield a dark black solid, which was purified in 4 batches:
- Batch 1: 28 g was dissolved in Toluene/Ethanol/Ammonia 80:20:2 (100 mL) and purified by column chromatography (1.5 kg silica column), eluting with Toluene/Ethanol/Ammonia 80:20:2 to give the title compound as an off-white solid (14.78 g).
- Batch 2: 30 g was dissolved in methanol and mixed with Fluorisil. The solvent was then removed by evaporation and the solid purified by column chromatography (1.5 kg silica column, solid sample injection module), eluting with Toluene/Ethanol/Ammonia 80:20:2 to give the title compound as an off-white solid (9.44 g).
- Batch 3: 31 g was dissolved in Toluene/Ethanol/Ammonia 80:20:2 (100 mL) and purified by column chromatography (1.5 kg silica column), eluting with Toluene/Ethanol/Ammonia 80:20:2 to give the title compound as an off-white solid (17 g).
- Batch 4: 29 g was dissolved in Toluene/Ethanol/Ammonia 80:20:2 (100 mL) and purified by column chromatography (1.5 kg silica column), eluting with Toluene/Ethanol/Ammonia 80:20:2 to give the title compound as an off-white solid (21 g).
The mixed fractions from the 4 columns were combined and evaporated to yield 19 g which was dissolved in 200 mL of Toluene/Ethanol/Ammonia 80:20:2 (+additional 4 ml of 0.88 NH3 to help solubility) then purified by column chromatography (1.5 kg silica column), eluting with Toluene/Ethanol/Ammonia 80:20:2 to give the title compound as an off-white solid (6.1 g).
All pure batches were combined (68 g) and recrystallised from ethanol (1200 mL). The suspension was heated to reflux and a solution formed. The resulting solution was then cooled to room temperature overnight. The resulting solid was then collected by filtration, washed sparingly with ethanol and dried under vacuum to give the title compound as an off-white solid (56 g). This material was recrystallised again from ethanol (1100 mL). The suspension was heated to reflux and a solution formed. The resulting solution was then cooled to room temperature overnight with stirring. The resulting solid was collected by filtration and washed sparingly with ethanol. The solid was dried in vacuo at 60° C. for 5 hrs to give the title compound as an off-white solid (45.51 g).
LCMS (Method A): Rt 0.61 mins, MH+ 513.
The filtrate from the two recrystallisations was evaporated to yield ˜23 g of a solid residue that was dissolved in 200 mL of Toluene/Ethanol/Ammonia 80:20:2 (+additional 4 ml of 0.88 NH3 to help solubility) then purified by column chromatography (1.5 kg silica column), eluting with Toluene/Ethanol/Ammonia 80:20:2 to give a further crop of the title compound as an off-white solid (18.5 g). This solid was then recrystallised from ethanol (370 mL). The suspension was heated to reflux then the resulting solution stirred for 20 mins before being allowed to cool to room temperature naturally overnight. The solid was then dried in vacuo at 65° C. overnight to give the title compound as an off-white solid (11.90 g).
LCMS (Method A): Rt 0.62 mins, MH+ 513.
Method C
10M Sodium hydroxide solution (0.70 ml) was added to a stirred suspension of N-[5-[4-(5-{[(2R,6S)-2,6-dimethyl-4-morpholinyl]methyl}-1,3-oxazol-2-yl)-1-(phenylsulfonyl)-1H-indazol-6-yl]-2-(methyloxy)-3-pyridinyl]methanesulfonamide (1.17 g) in water (5.8 ml). The resulting mixture was stirred at room temperature for 3.75 hours and was then washed with ethyl acetate (2×6 ml). The layers were separated and the aqueous phase was acidified to pH 6 with 2M hydrochloric acid (0.8 ml). The acidified aqueous layer was extracted twice with ethyl acetate (11 ml then 5 ml). The combined ethyl acetate extracts were dried by azeotropic distillation and diluted with further ethyl acetate (11 ml). The misture was stirred at room temperature for 112 hours. The slurry was seeded and then stirred at room temperature for 48 hours. The resultant suspension was filtered, washed with ethyl acetate (2×2 ml) and the solid dried under vacuum at 40° C. to give the title compound as a pale yellow solid (0.58 g).
LCMS (Method B): Rt 1.86 min, MH+ 513.
Method D
To a suspension of N-[5-[4-(5-{[(2R,6S)-2,6-dimethyl-4-morpholinyl]methyl}-1,3-oxazol-2-yl)-1-(phenylsulfonyl)-1H-indazol-6-yl]-2-(methyloxy)-3-pyridinyl]methanesulfonamide (596.5 g, 0.91 mol) in water (3.8 L) is added 5M sodium hydroxide (715 ml, 3.56 mol) over 20 mins at <25° C. The mixture is stirred at 20±3° C. for 2 h 45 min then washed with EtCN (3 L). The pH of the basic aqueous phase is adjusted to pH 6.6 using 2M hydrochloric acid (1.4 L), maintaining the temperature below 30° C. The mixture is then extracted with MeTHF (2×4.8 L), and the combined MeTHF extracts are washed with water (1.2 L). The mixture is concentrated to approx 2.4 L and EtOAc (3 L) is added. This put and take distillation is repeated a further 3 times. The mixture is adjusted to 60±3° C. and seeded twice (2×3 g) 35 mins apart. The resultant is aged for 1 h 10 mins then cooled over 2 h to 20-25° C., and aged for a further 15 h 50 min. The slurry is filtered, washed with EtOAc (2×1.2 L) and dried in vacuo at 45±5° C. for approx 3 day to give the title compound.
Preparation of Polymorphs of Compound A
Form (II)
Ethyl acetate (15 ml) was added to N-[5-[4-(5-{[(2R,6S)-2,6-dimethyl-4-morpholinyl]methyl}-1,3-oxazol-2-yl)-1H-indazol-6-yl]-2-(methyloxy)-3-pyridinyl]methanesulfonamide (2.1 g) and was stirred at ambient conditions overnight. The resultant slurry was filtered and dried under vacuum at 50° C. to give a new solid state form (91 ckw/w).
1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO d6) d=13.49 (br s, 1H), 9.39 (s, 1H), 8.58 (s, 1H), 8.42 (d, J=2.2 Hz, 1H), 7.99 (d, J=2.2 Hz, 1H), 7.93 (d, J=1.2 Hz, 1H), 7.88 (s, 1H), 7.35 (s, 1H), 4.00 (s, 3H), 3.74 (s, 2H), 3.58 (m, 2H), 3.11 (s, 3H), 2.80 (d, J=10.3 Hz, 2H), 1.78 (t, J=10.3 Hz, 2H), 1.05 (d, J=6.4 Hz, 6H)
SODIUM SALT OF COMPD B
http://www.google.com/patents/US20140256721
Method D
To a suspension of N-[5-[4-(5-{[(2R,6S)-2,6-dimethyl-4-morpholinyl]methyl}-1,3-oxazol-2-yl)-1-(phenylsulfonyl)-1H-indazol-6-yl]-2-(methyloxy)-3-pyridinyl]methanesulfonamide (596.5 g, 0.91 mol) in water (3.8 L) is added 5M sodium hydroxide (715 ml, 3.56 mol) over 20 mins at <25° C. The mixture is stirred at 20±3° C. for 2 h 45 min then washed with EtCN (3 L). The pH of the basic aqueous phase is adjusted to pH 6.6 using 2M hydrochloric acid (1.4 L), maintaining the temperature below 30° C. The mixture is then extracted with MeTHF (2×4.8 L), and the combined MeTHF extracts are washed with water (1.2 L). The mixture is concentrated to approx 2.4 L and EtOAc (3 L) is added. This put and take distillation is repeated a further 3 times. The mixture is adjusted to 60±3° C. and seeded twice (2×3 g) 35 mins apart. The resultant is aged for 1 h 10 mins then cooled over 2 h to 20-25° C., and aged for a further 15 h 50 min. The slurry is filtered, washed with EtOAc (2×1.2 L) and dried in vacuo at 45±5° C. for approx 3 day to give the title compound.
http://www.google.com/patents/US20140256721
Preparation of Salts of Compound ASodium Salt
Methanol (2 ml) was added to N-[5-[4-(5-{[(2R,6S)-2,6-dimethyl-4-morpholinyl]methyl}-1,3-oxazol-2-yl)-1H-indazol-6-yl]-2-(methyloxy)-3-pyridinyl]methanesulfonamide (0.3 g) followed by aqueous sodium hydroxide (0.129 ml) to give a solution. Tert-butylmethylether (4 ml) was added to the solution followed by seed crystals of the sodium salt and this suspension was stirred overnight at ambient conditions. The suspension was filtered, washed with tert-butylmethylether (2 ml) and air dried to give the sodium salt (0.2312 g) as a hydrate.
NMR: Consistent with salt formation
1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO d6) d=13.35 (br s, 1H), 8.53 (s, 1H), 7.90 (d, J=1.2 Hz, 1H), 7.73 (s, 1H), 7.65 (d, J=2.5 Hz, 1H), 7.62 (d, J=2.2 Hz, 1H), 7.33 (s, 1H), 4.00 (s, 3H), 3.80 (s, 3H), 3.59 (m, 2H). 2.83 (d, J=10.3, 2H), 2.61 (s, 3H), 1.78 (t, J=10.5 Hz, 2H), 1.05 (d, J=6.1 Hz, 6H)
EMAIL ME amcrasto@gmail.com
EMAIL ME amcrasto@gmail.com
| US20100280029 * | 28 Apr 2010 | 4 Nov 2010 | Julie Nicole Hamblin | Novel compounds |
| WO2010125082A1 | 28 Apr 2010 | 4 Nov 2010 | Glaxo Group Limited | Oxazole substituted indazoles as pi3-kinase inhibitors |
| US20140256721 * | 14 Apr 2014 | 11 Sep 2014 | Glaxosmithkline Intellectual Property Development Limited | Novel Polymorphs and Salts |
| WO2012032065A1 | 6 Sep 2011 | 15 Mar 2012 | Glaxo Group Limited | Indazole derivatives for use in the treatment of influenza virus infection |
| WO2012032067A1 | 6 Sep 2011 | 15 Mar 2012 | Glaxo Group Limited | Polymorphs and salts of n- [5- [4- (5- { [(2r,6s) -2, 6 – dimethyl – 4 -morpholinyl] methyl} – 1, 3 – oxazol – 2 – yl) – 1h- inda zol-6-yl] -2- (methyloxy) – 3 – pyridinyl] methanesulfonamide |
| WO2012055846A1 | 25 Oct 2011 | 3 May 2012 | Glaxo Group Limited | Polymorphs and salts of 6-(1h-indol-4-yl)-4-(5- { [4-(1-methylethyl)-1-pi perazinyl] methyl} -1,3-oxazol-2-yl)-1h-indazole as pi3k inhibitors for use in the treatment of e.g. respiratory disorders |
| WO2012064744A2 * | 8 Nov 2011 | 18 May 2012 | Lycera Corporation | Tetrahydroquinoline and related bicyclic compounds for inhibition of rorϒ activity and the treatment of disease |
| WO2013088404A1 | 14 Dec 2012 | 20 Jun 2013 | Novartis Ag | Use of inhibitors of the activity or function of PI3K |
| WO2014068070A1 | 31 Oct 2013 | 8 May 2014 | INSERM (Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale) | Methods for preventing antiphospholipid syndrome (aps) |
| US8524751 | 5 Mar 2010 | 3 Sep 2013 | GlaxoSmithKline Intellecutual Property Development | 4-oxadiazol-2-YL-indazoles as inhibitors of P13 kinases |
| US8536169 | 3 Jun 2009 | 17 Sep 2013 | Glaxo Group Limited | Compounds |
| US8575162 | 28 Apr 2010 | 5 Nov 2013 | Glaxosmithkline Intellectual Property Development Limited | Compounds |
| US8580797 | 28 Apr 2010 | 12 Nov 2013 | Glaxo Smith Kline Intellectual Property Development Limited | Compounds |
| US8586583 | 2 Oct 2012 | 19 Nov 2013 | Glaxosmithkline Intellectual Property Development Limited | Compounds |
| US8586590 | 2 Oct 2012 | 19 Nov 2013 | Glaxosmithkline Intellectual Property Development Limited | Compounds |
| US8609657 | 2 Oct 2012 | 17 Dec 2013 | Glaxosmithkline Intellectual Property Development Limited | Compounds |
| US8658635 | 3 Jun 2009 | 25 Feb 2014 | Glaxosmithkline Intellectual Property Development Limited | Benzpyrazol derivatives as inhibitors of PI3 kinases |
| US8735390 | 6 Sep 2011 | 27 May 2014 | Glaxosmithkline Intellectual Property Development Limited | Polymorphs and salts |
| US8765743 | 3 Jun 2009 | 1 Jul 2014 | Glaxosmithkline Intellectual Property Development Limited | Compounds |
…..
COCK WILL TEACH YOU NMR
COCK SAYS MOM CAN TEACH YOU NMR
DRUG APPROVALS BY DR ANTHONY MELVIN CRASTO …..FOR BLOG HOME CLICK HERE
amcrasto@gmail.com
JALGAON, MAHARASHTRA, INDIA
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MANUDEVI
Suven Life gets patent for neuro-degenerative drug
March 16, 2015
Drug firm Suven Life Sciences has been granted a patent each by the US and New Zealand for a drug used in the treatment of neuro-degenerative diseases.
The patents are valid until 2030 and 2031, respectively, Suven Life Sciences said in a filing to the BSE.
Commenting on the development, Suven Life CEO Venkat Jasti said: “We are very pleased by the grant of these patents to Suven for our pipeline of molecules in CNS arena that are being developed for cognitive disorders with high unmet medical need with huge market potential globally.”
SUVEN, Chief executive and chairman Venkat Jasti
The company has “secured patents in USA and New Zealand to one of their new chemical entity (NCE) for CNS therapy through new mechanism of action – H3 Inverse agonist…,” Suven Life Sciences said.
With these new patents, Suven has a total of 20 granted patents from US and 23 granted patents from New Zealand.
“These granted patents are exclusive intellectual property of Suven and are achieved through the internal discovery research efforts.
“Products out of these inventions may be out-licensed at various phases of clinical development like at Phase-I or Phase-II,” Suven said.
http://www.bseindia.com/xml-data/corpfiling/AttachLive/suven_life_sciences_ltd_160315.pdf
Suven Life Sciences secures 2 (two) Product Patents for their NCE’s through New mechanism of action – H3 Inverse Agonist in USA & New Zealand HYDERABAD, INDIA (March 16, 2015) – Suven Life Sciences Ltd (Suven) announced today that they secured patents in USA (us 8912179) and New Zealand (614567) to one of their New Chemical Entity (NCE) for CNS therapy through new mechanism of action – H3 Inverse agonist and these patents are valid until 2030 and 2031 respectively. The granted claims of the patent include the class of selective H3 ligands discovered by Suven and are being developed as therapeutic agents and are useful in the treatment of cognitive impairment associated with neurodegenerative disorders
Suven Life Sciences Ltd.
6th Floor, SDE Serene Chambers,
Avenue – 7, Road No. 5, Banjara Hills,
Hyderabad-500 034, Telangana, INDIA
Phone : +91-40-2354-1142, 2354-3311
Fax : +91~40~2354-1152
Email id: info@suven.com
INDIAN PATENT
- Nirogi, Ramakrishna; Shinde, Anil Karbhari; Kambhampati, Ramasastri; Namala, Rambabu; Dwarampudi, Adi Reddy; Kota, Laxman; Gampa, Murlimohan; Kodru, Padmavathi; Tiriveedhi, Taraka Naga Vinaykumar; Kandikere, Vishwottam Nagaraj; et al
- From Indian Pat. Appl. (2012), IN 2010CH02551
PATENT
http://www.google.com/patents/US8912179
The present invention relates to heterocyclyl compounds of formula (I) and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts, its process of preparation and compositions containing them, for the treatment of various disorders that are related to Histamine H3 receptors.
1-Cyclobutyl-piperidin-4-ol (1.6 grams, 10 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (20 mL) was treated with cooled and stirred suspension of sodium hydride (0.9 grams, 18 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (20 mL) slowly over a period of 30 minutes; the reaction mixture was stirred for 1 hour. A solution of 2-Bromo-6,7-dihydro-4H-thiazolo[5,4-c]pyridine-5-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester (3 grams, 9 mmol, obtained in preparation 1) in tetrahydrofuran (30 mL) was added drop wise over a period of 15 minutes and refluxed the reaction for 6 hours. Reaction mass was quenched with ice cold water and the product was extracted with ethyl acetate (3×50 mL). Combined organics were washed with water followed by brine and dried over anhydrous sodium sulphate. Organic volatiles were evaporated under vacuum. The residue was purified by flash chromatography (ethylacetate/n-hexane, 1/1) to obtain the title compound (2.0 grams).
1H-NMR (δ ppm): 1.48 (9H, s), 1.65-1.72 (2H, m), 1.85-1.92 (4H, m), 2.01-2.07 (4H, m), 2.18-2.19 (2H, m), 2.57 (2H, m), 2.62-2.66 (2H, m), 2.71-2.75 (1H, m), 3.70 (2H, m), 4.43 (2H, m), 4.93 (1H, m);
Mass (m/z): 394.2 (M+H)+.
Step (ii): Preparation of 2-(1-Cyclobutyl-piperidin-4-yloxy)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-thiazolo[5,4-c]pyridineA solution of 2-(1-Cyclobutyl-piperidin-4-yloxy)-6,7-dihydro-4H-thiazolo[5,4-c]pyridine-5-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester (2.0 grams, 5 mmol, obtained in above step) in dichloromethane (30 mL) was treated with trifluroacetic acid (5.0 mL, 50 mmol) at 0° C. Reaction mass was stirred for 4 hours. After completion of reaction, the reaction mass was quenched into ice cold water and adjust pH to 10, by using 40% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution. The product was extracted with dichloromethane (3×50 mL), combined organics were washed with water followed by brine and dried over anhydrous sodium sulphate. Organic volatiles were evaporated under vacuum to obtain the title compound (1.3 grams).
1H-NMR (δ ppm): 1.68-1.74 (2H, m), 1.85-1.93 (4H, m), 2.06 (4H, m), 2.19 (2H, m), 2.60-2.61 (4H, m), 2.73-2.80 (1H, m), 2.90-3.10 (1H, m), 3.13-3.16 (2H, m), 3.85 (2H, s), 4.90-4.93 (1H, m);
Mass (m/z): 294.2 (M+H)+.
Step (iii): Preparation of 1-[2-(1-Cyclobutyl-piperidin-4-yloxy)-6,7-dihydro-4H-thiazolo[5,4-c]pyridin-5-yl]-propan-1-oneA solution of 2-(1-Cyclobutyl-piperidin-4-yloxy)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-thiazolo[5,4-c]pyridine (1.3 grams, 4 mmol, obtained in above step) and triethylamine (1.9 mL, 13 mmol) in dichloromethane (30 mL) was cooled to 0° C. Propionylchloride (0.4 mL, 5 mmol) in dichloromethane (5 mL) was added drop wise over a period of 15 minutes and stirred the reaction for 30 minutes. Reaction mass was poured onto ice cold water and the product was extracted with ethyl acetate (3×50 mL). Combined organics were washed with water followed by brine and dried over anhydrous sodium sulphate. Organic volatiles were evaporated under vacuum. The residue was purified by flash chromatography (methanol/chloroform, 2/98) to obtain the title compound (1.0 gram).
1H-NMR (δ ppm): 1.17-1.21 (3H, m), 1.65-1.72 (5H, m), 1.87-1.91 (4H, m), 2.01-2.07 (4H, m), 2.22 (1H, m), 2.38-2.45 (2H, m), 2.45 (1H, m), 2.68-2.76 (3H, m), 3.72-3.74 (1H, m), 4.47-4.62 (2H, m), 4.92-4.94 (1H, m).
Mass (m/z): 350.4 (M+H)+.
Step (iv): Preparation of 1-[2-(1-Cyclobutyl-piperidin-4-yloxy)-6,7-dihydro-4H-thiazolo[5,4-c]pyridin-5-yl]-propan-1-one tartrateA solution of 1-[2-(1-Cyclobutyl-piperidin-4-yloxy)-6,7-dihydro-4H-thiazolo[5,4-c]pyridin-5-yl]-propan-1-one (0.8 grams, 2.3 mmol, obtained in above step) in methanol (10 mL) was treated with L(+)-Tartaric acid (0.34 grams, 2.3 mmol) at 0° C. Stirred the reaction mass for about 1 hour and the solvent was evaporated under vacuum to dryness. The solids were washed with diethyl ether and dried under vacuum to obtain the title compound (1.1 grams).
1H-NMR (δ ppm): 1.12-1.20 (3H, m), 1.82-1.87 (2H, m), 2.16-2.32 (7H, m), 2.45-2.55 (2H, m), 2.63-2.66 (3H, m), 2.72 (1H, m), 3.20 (2H, m), 3.47-3.50 (1H, m), 3.66-3.70 (1H, m), 3.81-3.88 (2H, m), 4.45 (2H, s), 4.60 (2H, s), 5.18 (5H, m);
Mass (m/z): 350.4 (M+H)+.
| Publication number | US8912179 B2 |
| Publication type | Grant |
| Application number | US 13/818,152 |
| PCT number | PCT/IN2010/000740 |
| Publication date | Dec 16, 2014 |
| Filing date | Nov 15, 2010 |
| Priority date | Sep 2, 2010 |
| Also published as | CA2812970A1, 4 More » |
| Inventors | Ramakrishna Nirogi, Anil Karbhari Shinde,Ramasastri Kambhampati, Rambabu Namala,Adi Reddy Dwarampudi, Laxman Kota,Murlimohan Gampa, Padmavathi Kodru,Taraka Naga Vinaykumar Tiriveedhi,Vishwottam Nagaraj Kandikere, Nageshwara Rao Muddana, Ramanatha Shrikantha Saralaya, Pradeep Jayarajan, Dhanalakshmi Shanmuganathan, Ishtiyaque Ahmad,Venkateswarlu Jasti, Less « |
| Original Assignee | Suven Life Sciences Limited |
| Export Citation | BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan |
| Patent Citations (12), Non-Patent Citations (10), Classifications (16),Legal Events (1) | |
| External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet | |
……………….
Banjara Hills,Hyderabad
TAJ KRISHNA
GSK 2793660, Trying to crack the structure
COMPD A
COMPD B
COMPD C
COMPD D
A
B
C
DGSK 2793660
DATA FOR A
HCL SALT CAS 1613458-78-8
BASE CAS 1613458-70-0
C20 H27 N3 O3 . Cl H
MW OF BASE…..357.45
4-amino-N-[(lS,2E)-4-(2,3-dihydro-lH-indol-l-yl)-l-ethyl-4-oxo-2-buten-l- yl]tetrahydr -2H-pyran-4-carboxamide hydrochloride
2H-Pyran-4-carboxamide, 4-amino-N-[(1S,2E)-4-(2,3-dihydro-1H-indol-1-yl)-1-ethyl-4-oxo-2-buten-1-yl]tetrahydro-, hydrochloride (1:1)
DATA FOR B
1613458-79-9 HCL SALT
1613458-71-1 BASE
C22 H31 N3 O3 . Cl H
MW 385.50 OF BASE
4-amino-N-[(lS,2E)-4-(2,3-dihydro-lH-indol-l-yl)-l-(2-methylpropyl)-4-oxo-2-buten- l-yl]tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-carboxamide hydrochloride
4-Amino-N-[(2E,4S)-1-(2,3-dihydro-1H-indol-1-yl)-6-methyl-1-oxohept-2-en-4-yl]tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-carboxamide hydrochloride
DATA FOR C
1-Amino-N-[(3S)-1-(3-cyano-4′-fluorobiphenyl-4-yl)pyrrolidin-3-yl]cyclohexanecarboxamide hydrochloride
l-amino-N-[(3S)-l-(3-cyano-4′-fluoro-4-biphenylyl)-3- pyrrolidin l] cyclohexanecarboxamide hydrochloride
C24 H27 F N4 O . Cl H, MW 442.957
CAS OF BASE 1394001-73-0
CAS OF HCL 1394001-71-8
DATA FOR D
l-amino-N-[(3S)-l-(3-cyano-4′-fluoro-4-biphenylyl)-3- pyrrolidin l] cyclohexanecarboxamide hydrochloride
CAS OF BASE 1394001-74-1
CAS OF HCL 1394001-72-9
Cathepsin C inhibitors for treating cystic fibrosis, non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis, and ANCA-associated vasculitis
Bronchiectasis
Dipeptidyl peptidase I inhibitor
http://www.gsk.com/media/280387/product-pipeline-2014.pdf
This study is the first administration of GSK2793660 to humans and will evaluate the safety, tolerability, PK and PD of single oral ascending doses of GSK2793660, and of repeat oral doses of GSK2793660 in healthy subjects. The study will comprise two parts (Part A and Part B). Part A will consist of two cohorts of subjects, each taking part in a three-way cross over study, with ascending doses of GSK2793660 and placebo. Available safety, PK and PD data will be reviewed before each dose escalation. This will be followed by a food-effect arm in the cohort that received what is deemed to be the target clinical dose. Part B is planned to consist of up to two cohorts of subjects, each taking part in one 14 day repeat dose study period. Subjects will be dosed on Day 1 and then on Days 3-15. It is planned that two doses will be evaluated. The dose(s) to be tested will be selected based on safety, PK, and PD from Part A. The study is intended to provide sufficient confidence in the safety profile of the molecule and information on target engagement to allow progression to further studies………..https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02058407
Cathepsin C inhibitors for treating cystic fibrosis, non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis, and ANCA-associated vasculitis
Cathepsins are a family of enzymes included in the papain superfamily of cysteine proteases. Cathepsins B, C, F, H, K, L, S, V, and X have been described in the scientific literature. Cathepsin C is also known in the literature as Dipeptidyl Peptidase I or “DPPI.”
A number of recently published studies have begun to describe the role cathepsin C plays in certain inflammatory processes. See e.g. Adkison et al., The Journal of Clinical Investigation 109:363-371 (2002); Tran et al., Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics 403 : 160-170 (2002); Thiele et al., The Journal of Immunology 158: 5200-5210 (1997);
Bidere et al., The Journal of Biological Chemistry 277: 32339-32347 (2002); Mabee et al., The Journal of Immunology 160: 5880-5885 (1998); McGuire et al., The Journal of
Biological Chemistry, 268: 2458-2467 (1993); and Paris et al., FEBS Letters 369: 326-330 (1995). From these studies, it appears that cathepsin C is co-expressed in granules of neutrophils and other leukocytes with certain serine proteases and cathepsin C functions to process the pro-forms of the serine proteases to active forms. Serine proteases are released from the granules of leukocytes recruited to sites of inflammation. Once activated, these proteases have a number of functions including degradation of various extracellular matrix components, which together can propagate tissue damage and chronic inflammation.
Studies in both cathepsin C deficient mice, and the human cathepsin C deficiency
Papillon-Lefevre syndrome clearly demonstrate that cathepsin C is required for the
activation of the neutrophil serine proteases in azurophilic granules such as neutrophil elastase (NE), cathepsin G, and proteinase 3. See Pham, C. T. et al., J. Immunol. 173 :
7277-7281 (2004).
A number of respiratory diseases are associated with an overabundant
acculumation of neutrophils and the presence of increased levels of at least some
neutrophil serine proteases. These enzymes are believed to play a role in the pathology of several respiratory diseases, such as Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (“COPD”), cystic fibrosis (CF), and non-cystic fibrosis (non-CF) bronchiectasis. Each of these diseases is associated with increased levels of E in particular, and E at least is considered to play a role in the progression of disease. See Ranes, J. and Stoller, J. K., Semin. Respir. Crit. Care Med 26: 154-166 (2005); Saget, S. D. et al., Am. J. Resp. Crit. Care Med. 186: 857-865 (2012); Tsang, K. W. et al., Chest 117: 420-426 (2000).
Additional roles of the other proteases is emerging. See Hartl, D. et al., Nature Med. 13 : 1423-1430 (2007); Korkmaz, B. et al., Pharm. Rev. 62: 726-759 (2010).
Cigarette smoking is a significant risk factor for developing COPD. Exposure to cigarette smoke and other noxious particles and gases may result in chronic inflammation of the lung. In response to such exposure, inflammatory cells such as CD8+ T cells, macrophages, and neutrophils are recruited to the area. These recruited inflammatory cells release proteases, which are believed to play a major role in the disease etiology by a number of mechanisms. Proteases released from recruited cells include the serine proteases NE as above; granzymes A and B, released from cytotoxic T cells or natural killer cells; and chymases, released from mast cells. Cathepsin C appears to be involved in activating all of these enzymes to some extent.
A number of studies with cathepsin C deficient mice have suggested roles for cathepsin C in disease models. Cathepsin C knockout mice are resistant to lung airspace enlargement and inflammatory cell infiltration in both cigarette smoke and ozone exposure models of COPD. See Guay et al., Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry, 2010, 10, 708- 716; See also Podolin et al. (2008), Inflammation Research, 57(Suppl 2) S104.
In a model of rheumatoid arthritis (“RA”), another chronic inflammatory disease where cathepsin C may play a role, neutrophils are recruited to the site of joint
inflammation and release cathepsin G, NE, and proteinase 3, which are believed to be responsible in part for cartilage destruction associated with RA (Hu, Y. and Pham, C. T. Arthritis Rheum. 52: 2553-2558 (2005); Zen, K. et al, Blood 117:4885-4894 (2011)). Other models where cathepsin C may play a role include osteoarthritis, asthma, Multiple Sclerosis, and Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Autoantibody (ANCA)-related diseases (e.g. ANCA-associated vasculitis). See e.g. Matsui, K., Yuyama, N., Akaiwa, M., Yoshida, N. L., Maeda, M., Sugita, Y., Izuhara, K., Gene 293(1-2): 1-7 (2002); Wolters, P. J., Laig- Webster, M., Caughey, G. H., American Journal of Respiratory Cell & Molecular Biology 22(2): 183-90 (2000); Schreiber et al., J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 23 :470-482 (2012). Cathepsin C has been demonstrated to have a role in neutrophil migration in the development of aortic aneurysms by a mechanism which has not been clearly elucidated (Pagano, M. B. et al., PNAS 104: 2855-2860 (2007)).
One approach to treating these conditions is to inhibit the activity of the serine proteases involved in the inflammatory process, especially NE activity. See e.g.,
Ohbayashi, Expert Opin. Investig. Drugs 11(7): 965-980 (2002); Shapiro, Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol. 26: 266-268 (2002). Indeed, a potent and selective inhibitor of NE was found to improve lung function in patients with bronchiectasis (Stockley, R. et al. Respir. Med. 107, 524-533 (2013)). In light of the role cathepsin C plays in activating certain serine proteases, especially NE, it is desirable to prepare compounds that inhibit its activity, which thereby inhibit serine protease activity. Thus, there is a need to identify compounds that inhibit cathepsin C, which can be used in the treatment of a variety of conditions mediated by cathepsin C.
There are additional activities of cathepsin C that may also be related to disease etiology. Cathepsin C is highly expressed in the lung epithelium where it may play a role in the processing of other enzymes not yet identified. Cathepsin C has also been reported to cleave kallikrein-4, which is believed to play a role in dental enamel maturation (Tye, C. E. et al. J. Dental Res. 88: 323-327 (2009)). Finally, cathepsin C is itself released from cells and may play a direct role in the degradation of matrix proteins.
DATA FOR A
WO 2014091443
http://www.google.com/patents/WO2014091443A1?cl=en
synthesis
Intermediate 1
1,1-dimethylethyl ((l -l-{[methyl(methyloxy)amino]carbonyl}propyl)carbamate
To a solution of (2,S)-2-({[(l,l-dimethylethyl)oxy]carbonyl}amino)butanoic acid (2.50 g, 12.3 mmol) in THF (15.0 mL) was added Ι,Γ-carbonyldiimidazole (2.39 g, 14.8 mmol) portionwise over about 10 min. After stirring 30 min at RT, a solution of Ν,Ο- dimethylhydroxylamine hydrochloride (1.32 g, 13.5 mmol) and DIPEA (2.36 mL, 13.5 mmol) in DMF (4.0 mL) was added. The reaction mixture was stirred for 2 h at RT, followed by concentration in vacuo. The residue was diluted with EtOAc (50 mL) and washed with 1 M aq. HC1 (2 x 20 mL), saturated aq. NaHC03 (2 x 20 mL), and brine (20 mL). The organic layer was dried over Na2S04, filtered, and concentrated in vacuo to afford the title compound (2.60 g, 88%) as a clear, colorless oil. LC-MS m/z 247 (M+H)+, 0.94 min (ret time).
Intermediate 2
1,1-dimethylethyl [(lS -l-formylpropyl] carbamate
To a solution of L1AIH4 (0.453 g, 11.9 mmol) in Et20 (20 mL) at 0 °C was added dropwise a solution of 1, 1-dimethylethyl ((l,S)-l-{[methyl(methyloxy)amino]carbonyl}- propyl)carbamate (2.67 g, 10.8 mmol) in Et20 (15 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred for 30 min at 0 °C and quenched with EtOAc (6.5 mL) followed by 5% aq. potassium bisulfate (6.5 mL). The reaction mixture was washed with 1 M aq. HC1 (3 x 10 mL), saturated aq. NaHC03 (3 x 10 mL), and brine (10 mL). The organic layer was dried over Na2S04, filtered, and concentrated in vacuo to afford the title compound as a clear, colorless oil.
Intermediate 3
methyl (2E V)-4-({ [(1 , l-dimethylethyl)oxy] car bonyl} amino)-2-hexenoate
To a stirred solution of methyl (triphenylphosphoranylidene) acetate (4.35 g, 13.0 mmol) in Et20 (25 mL) at RT was added a solution of Intermediate 2 in Et20 (15 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred at RT overnight. The solid was removed by filtration and the solution was concentrated in vacuo. Purification via flash column chromatography (0-50% EtOAc/hexanes) afforded the title compound (1.44 g, 55% over two steps) as a clear, colorless oil. LC-MS m/z 244 (M+H)+, 0.98 min (ret time). Intermediate 4
(2E,4S)-4-({[(l,l-dimethylethyl)oxy]carbonyl}amino)-2-hexenoic acid
Li OH (2.95 g, 123 mmol) was added to a solution of methyl (2£, S 4-({[(1, 1- dimethylethyl)oxy]carbonyl}amino)-2-hexenoate (6 g, 24.66 mmol) in THF (50 mL), MeOH (10.00 mL), and water (50.0 mL). The reaction was stirred overnight at RT. After 18.5 h, the reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure to remove the THF and MeOH. Water (40 mL) was added, and aqueous mixture was adjusted to pH = 3 with 6 M aq. HC1, as measured by pH paper. EtOAc (80 mL) was added, the layers were separated, and the aqueous layer was extracted with EtOAc (2 x 40 mL). The combined organic layers were dried over Na2S04, concentrated under reduced pressure, and dried under high vacuum, giving 6.09 g of the title compound. LC-MS m/z 230 (M+H)+, 0.77 min (ret time).
Intermediate 5
1,1-dimethylethyl [(lS,2E)-4-(2,3-dihydro-li -indol-l-yl)-l-ethyl-4-oxo-2-buten-l- yl] carbamate
A solution of 50 wt% *T3P in EtOAc (22.00 mL, 37.0 mmol) was added dropwise via addition funnel to a solution of (2£,,4,S)-4-({[(l, l-dimethylethyl)oxy]carbonyl}- amino)-2-hexenoic acid (5.65 g, 24.64 mmol), 2,3-dihydro-lH-indole (2.76 mL, 24.64 mmol), and Et3N (11 mL, 79 mmol) in CH2C12 (90 mL) at 0 °C (bath temp). The ice bath was removed, and the reaction was stirred at RT. After 30 min, the reaction was quenched by dropwise addition of saturated aq. NaHC03 (50 mL). The layers were separated, and the reaction was washed with 10% citric acid (1 x 50 mL). The organic layer was concentrated under a stream of nitrogen, and the residue was purified by flash column chromatography, giving 7.21 g (89%) of the title compound. LC-MS m/z 331 (M+H)+, 1.05 (ret time). Intermediate 6
[(lS,2E)-4-(2,3-dihydro-lH-indol-l-yl)-l-ethyl-4-oxo-2-buten-l-yl]amine
trifluoroacetate
TFA (25 mL, 324 mmol) was added to a solution of 1, 1-dimethylethyl [(1^,2£)-4- (2,3-dihydro-lH-indol-l-yl)-l-ethyl-4-oxo-2-buten-l-yl]carbamate (7.21 g, 21.82 mmol) in CH2C12 (25 mL). The reaction was stirred at RT. After 3.5 h, CH2C12 (200 mL) was added, and the reaction was concentrated under reduced pressure and dried under high vacuum. LC-MS m/z 231 (M+H)+, 0.69 (ret time).
Intermediate 7
1,1-dimethylethyl [4-({[(lS,2E)-4-(2,3-dihydro-lH-indol-l-yl)-l-ethyl-4-oxo-2-buten- l-yl]amino carbonyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl]carbamate
A solution of 50 wt% UT3P in EtOAc (1.3 mL, 2.184 mmol) was added dropwise to a solution of [(l,S’,2£)-4-(2,3-dihydro-lH-indol-l-yl)-l-ethyl-4-oxo-2-buten-l-yl]amine trifluoroacetate (500 mg, 1.452 mmol), 4-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)tetrahydro-2H- pyran-4-carboxylic acid (356 mg, 1.452 mmol), and Et3N (1 mL, 7.21 mmol) in CH2C12 (5 mL) at 0 °C (bath temp). The ice bath was removed, and the reaction was stirred at RT. After 1 h 20 min, the reaction mixture was washed with saturated aq. NaHC03 (1 x 5 mL) and 10% citric acid (1 x 5 mL). The organic layer was concentrated under a stream of nitrogen, and the residue was purified by flash column chromatography, giving 251 mg (38%) of the title compound. LC-MS m/z 458 (M+H)+, 0.96 (ret time).
Example 1
4-amino-N-[(lS,2E)-4-(2,3-dihydro-lH-indol-l-yl)-l-ethyl-4-oxo-2-buten-l- yl]tetrahydr -2H-pyran-4-carboxamide hydrochloride
A solution of concentrated aq. HCI (0.23 mL, 2.76 mmol) was added to a solution of 1,1-dimethylethyl [4-({[(l^,2£)-4-(2,3-dihydro-lH-indol-l-yl)-l-ethyl-4-oxo-2-buten- l-yl]amino}carbonyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl]carbamate (251 mg, 0.549 mmol) in isopropanol (2.5 mL). The reaction flask was fitted with an air condenser, and the reaction mixture was heated to 65 °C (bath temp) for 1 h 45 min. The solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure. Water (5 mL) was added to the residue, and the mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure at 65 °C. Water (2 mL) was added to the residue, and the mixture was lyophilized, giving 193.3 mg (89%) of the title compound. LC-MS m/z 358 (M+H)+, 0.68 (ret time).
1H MR (400 MHz, METHANOL-^) δ ppm 8.14 (br. s., 1 H); 7.25 (d, J=7.03 Hz, 1 H); 7.18 (t, J=7.53 Hz, 1 H); 7.02 – 7.09 (m, 1 H); 6.83 (dd, J=15.18, 6.65 Hz, 1 H); 6.49 (d, 7=14.8 Hz, 1 H); 4.56 (d, 7=7.28 Hz, 1 H); 4.22 (br. s., 2 H); 3.95 (d, 7=7.53 Hz, 1 H); 3.88 – 3.94 (m, 1 H); 3.71 – 3.78 (m, 2 H); 3.23 (br. s., 2 H); 2.39 – 2.46 (m, 2 H); 1.79 – 1.86 (m, 2 H); 1.75 (s, 1 H); 1.72 (d, 7=8.28 Hz, 1 H); 1.00 (t, 7=7.40 Hz, 3 H)
DATA FOR B
4-Amino-N-[(2E,4S)-1-(2,3-dihydro-1H-indol-1-yl)-6-methyl-1-oxohept-2-en-4-yl]tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-carboxamide hydrochloride
http://www.google.com/patents/WO2014091443A1?cl=en
Intermediate 8
N -{[(l,l-dimethylet leucinamide
To a solution ofN-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)-L-leucine (3.00 g, 13.0 mmol) in THF (25.0 mL) was added Ι,Γ-carbonyldiimidazole (2.52 g, 15.6 mmol) portionwise over about 10 min. After stirring 1 h at RT, a solution of N,O-dimethylhydroxylamine hydrochloride (1.39 g, 14.3 mmol) and DIPEA (2.49 mL, 14.3 mmol) in DMF (6.0 mL) was added. The reaction mixture was stirred for 2.5 h at RT, followed by concentration in vacuo. The residue was diluted with EtOAc (50 mL) and washed with 1 M aq. HCl (2 x 20 mL), saturated aq. NaHC03 (2 x 20 mL), and brine (20 mL). The organic layer was dried over Na2S04, filtered, and concentrated in vacuo to afford the title compound (2.34 g, 66%) as a clear, colorless oil. LC-MS m/z 275 (M+H)+, 1.17 min (ret time).
Intermediate 9
1,1-dimethylethyl [(lS -l-formyl-3-methylbutyl]carbamate
To a solution of L1AIH4 (0.356 g, 9.38 mmol) in Et20 (20 mL) at 0 °C was added dropwise a solution ofN2-{[(l, l-dimethylethyl)oxy]carbonyl}-N1-methyl-N1-(methyloxy)-L- leucinamide (2.34 g, 8.53 mmol) in Et20 (15 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred for 30 min at 0 °C and quenched with EtOAc (6 mL) followed by 5% aq. potassium bisulfate (6 mL). The reaction mixture was washed with 1 M aq. HCl (2 x 10 mL), saturated aq. NaHC03 (2 x 10 mL), and brine (10 mL). The organic layer was dried over Na2S04, filtered, and concentrated in vacuo to afford the title compound as a clear, colorless oil. Intermediate 10
methyl (2E 4S)-4-({[(l,l-dimethylethyl)oxy]carbonyl}amino)-6-methyl-2-heptenoate
To a stirred solution of methyl (triphenylphosphoranylidene) acetate (3.42 g, 10.2 mmol) in Et20 (25 mL) at RT was added a solution of Intermediate 9 in Et20 (15 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred for 15 h at RT. The solid was removed by filtration and the solution was concentrated in vacuo. Purification via flash column chromatography (0-50% EtOAc/hexanes) afforded the title compound (1.74 g, 75% over two steps) as a clear, colorless oil. LC-MS m/z 272 (M+H)+, 1.22 min (ret time).
Intermediate 11
(2E,4S)-4-({[(l,l-dimethylethyl)oxy]carbonyl}amino)-6-methyl-2-heptenoic acid
To a solution of methyl (2£,,4,S)-4-({[(l,l-dimethylethyl)oxy]carbonyl}amino)-6- methyl-2-heptenoate (5.00 g, 18.43 mmol) in THF (15 mL), MeOH (15.0 mL), and water (15 mL) was added Li OH (2.206 g, 92.00 mmol). After stirring for 2 h at RT, the reaction mixture was concentrated in vacuo. The reaction mixture was acidified with 6 M aq. HC1 to pH = 5 and then extracted with EtOAc. The organic layer was washed with water, dried over Na2SC”4, filtered, and concentrated in vacuo to afford the title compound (4.7 g, 99%) as a white semi-solid. LC-MS m/z 158 (M+H-Boc)+, 0.94 min (ret time).
Intermediate 12
1,1-dimethylethyl [(lS,2E)-4-(2,3-dihydro-li -indol-l-yl)-l-(2-methylpropyl)-4-oxo-2- buten-l-yl]carbamate
To a solution of (2£,,4,S)-4-({[(l,l-dimethylethyl)oxy]carbonyl}amino)-6-methyl-2- heptenoic acid (4.70 g, 18.26 mmol) in DMF (30.0 mL) were added BOP reagent (8.08 g, 18.26 mmol) and DIPEA (6.38 mL, 36.5 mmol). After stirring at RT for 5 min, 2,3-dihydro- lH-indole (2.053 mL, 18.26 mmol) was added and stirring continued overnight. The reaction mixture was diluted with water and extracted with EtOAc. The organic layer was washed with brine, dried over Na2S04, filtered, concentrated in vacuo and purified by flash column chromatography (0-20% EtOAc/hexanes) to afford the title compound (4.83 g, 74%) as a white solid. LC-MS m/z 359 (M+H)+, 1.18 min (ret time).
Intermediate 13
[(lS,2E)-4-(2,3-dihydro-lH-indol-l-yl)-l-(2-methylpropyl)-4-oxo-2-buten-l-yl]amine trifluoroacetate
To a solution of 1, 1-dimethylethyl [(l^,2£)-4-(2,3-dihydro-lH-indol-l-yl)-l-(2- methylpropyl)-4-oxo-2-buten-l-yl]carbamate (3.21 g, 8.95 mmol) in CH2C12 (10.0 mL) was added TFA (10 mL, 130 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred for 17.5 h at RT and then concentrated under reduced pressure and dried under high vacuum to afford the title compound. LC-MS m/z 259 (M+H)+, 0.76 min (ret time).
Intermediate 14
1,1-dimethylethyl [4-({[(lS,2E)-4-(2,3-dihydro-lH-indol-l-yl)-l-(2-methylpropyl)-4- oxo-2-buten-l- l]amino}carbonyl)tetrahydro-2H- ran-4-yl]carbamate
A solution of 50 wt% ¾P in EtOAc (1.2 mL, 2.016 mmol) was added dropwise to a solution of [(15′,2JE)-4-(2,3-dihydro-lH-indol-l-yl)-l-(2-methylpropyl)-4-oxo-2- buten-l-yl]amine trifluoroacetate (500 mg, 1.343 mmol), 4-((tert- butoxycarbonyl)amino)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-carboxylic acid (329 mg, 1.343 mmol), and Et3N (0.93 mL, 6.71 mmol) in CH2C12 (5 mL) at 0 °C (bath temp). The ice bath was removed, and the reaction was stirred at RT. After 1 h 20 min, the reaction was washed with saturated aq. NaHC03 (1 x 5 mL) and 10% citric acid (1 x 5 mL). The organic layer was concentrated under a stream of nitrogen, and the residue was purified by flash column chromatography, giving 204 mg (31%) of the title compound. LC-MS m/z 486 (M+H)+, 1.07 min (ret time).
Example 2
4-amino-N-[(lS,2E)-4-(2,3-dihydro-lH-indol-l-yl)-l-(2-methylpropyl)-4-oxo-2-buten- l-yl]tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-carboxamide hydrochloride
A solution of concentrated aq. HCI (0.22 mL, 2.64 mmol) was added to a solution of 1,1-dimethylethyl [4-({[(1^2JE)-4-(2,3-dihydro-lH-indol-l-yl)-l-(2-methylpropyl)-4- oxo-2-buten-l-yl]amino}carbonyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl]carbamate (251 mg, 0.517 mmol) in isopropanol (2.5 mL). The reaction flask was fitted with an air condenser, and the reaction mixture was heated to 65 °C (bath temp). After 1 h 45 min, the solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure at 60 °C. Water (5 mL) was added to the residue, and the mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure at 65 °C. Water (2 mL) was added to the residue, and the mixture was lyophilized, giving 130.6 mg (60%) of the title compound. LC-MS m/z 386 (M+H)+, 0.79 (ret time). 1H MR (400 MHz, METHANOL- d4) δ ppm 8.15 (d, J=7.03 Hz, 1 H); 7.25 (d, J=7.03 Hz, 1 H); 7.18 (t, J=7.65 Hz, 1 H); 7.06 (t, J=7.91 Hz, 1 H); 6.81 (dd, J=15.18, 6.40 Hz, 1 H); 6.49 (br. s., 1 H); 4.73 – 4.85 (m, 2 H); 4.21 (t, J=8.28 Hz, 2 H); 3.91 – 3.97 (m, 2 H); 3.70 – 3.77 (m, 2 H); 3.25 – 3.21 (m, 2 H); 2.35 – 2.48 (m, 2 H); 1.82 (d, J=14.31 Hz, 2 H); 1.63 – 1.71 (m, 2 H); 1.50 – 1.57 (m, 1 H); 0.98 (dd, J=11.92, 6.40 Hz, 6 H).
DATA FOR C
1-Amino-N-[(3S)-1-(3-cyano-4′-fluorobiphenyl-4-yl)pyrrolidin-3-yl]cyclohexanecarboxamide hydrochloride
http://www.google.im/patents/WO2012112733A1?cl=en
Example 1
l-amino-N-[(3S)-l-(3-cyano-4′-fluoro-4-biphenylyl)-3- pyrrolidin l] cyclohexanecarboxamide hydrochloride
HCI salt
A solution of 1,1-dimethylethyl [l-({[(35)-l-(3-cyano-4′-fluoro-4-biphenylyl)-3- pyrrolidinyl]amino}carbonyl)cyclohexyl]carbamate (44 mg, 0.087 mmol) in HCI (4 M solution in 1,4-dioxane, 1.0 mL, 4.00 mmol) was stirred at RT for 1 h. The reaction mixture was diluted with Et20 (5 mL), and the mixture was filtered and washed with Et20 (2 x 2 mL). Residual solid was dissolved in MeOH and concentrated under a stream of nitrogen at 50 °C and dried under high vacuum. Water (2 mL) was added to the residue, and the mixture was lyophilized with a Genevac® HT-4X to afford the title compound (33.5 mg, 87%). LC-MS m/z 407 (M+H)+, 0.94 min (ret time). 1H NMR (400 MHz, METHANOL-^) δ ppm 7.65 – 7.72 (m, 2 H), 7.52 – 7.59 (m, 2 H), 7.10 – 7.17 (m, 2 H), 6.89 (d, J=8.53 Hz, 1 H), 4.50 – 4.58 (m, 1 H), 3.94 (dd, J=10.29, 6.53 Hz, 1 H), 3.80 (dt, J=9.41, 7.09 Hz, 1 H), 3.67-3.71 (m, 1 H), 3.64 (dd, J=10.29, 4.52 Hz, 1 H), 2.29 – 2.37 (m, 1 H), 2.04 – 2.16 (m, 3 H), 1.78 – 1.88 (m, 5 H), 1.45 – 1.62 (m, 3 H).
DATA FOR D
http://www.google.im/patents/WO2012112733A1?cl=en
Example 2
4-amino- V-[(3S)-l-(3-cyano-4′-fluoro-4-biphenylyl)-3-pyrrolidinyl]tetrahydro-2H- pyr -4-carboxamide hydrochloride
HCI salt
A solution of 1,1-dimethylethyl [4-({[(35)-l-(3-cyano-4′-fluoro-4-biphenylyl)-3- pyrrolidinyl] amino }carbonyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl] carbamate (183 mg, 0.360 mmol) in HC1 (4 M solution in 1,4-dioxane, 2.0 mL, 8.00 mmol) was stirred at RT for 0.5 h. The reaction mixture was diluted with Et20 (10 mL), and the mixture was filtered and washed with Et20 (2 x 5 mL). Residual solid was dissolved in MeOH and concentrated under a stream of nitrogen at 50 °C and dried under high vacuum. Water (2 mL) was added to the residue, and the mixture was lyophilized with a Genevac® HT-4X to afford the title compound (122.8 mg, 77%). LC-MS m/z 409 (M+H)+, 0.87 min (ret time). 1H NMR (400 MHz, METHANOL-^) δ ppm 7.66 – 7.72 (m, 2 H), 7.53 – 7.60 (m, 2 H), 7.11 – 7.18 (m, 2 H), 6.89 (d, J=8.78 Hz, 1 H), 4.53 – 4.60 (m, 1 H), 3.87 – 3.97 (m, 3 H), 3.78 – 3.84 (m, 1 H), 3.64 – 3.76 (m, 4 H), 2.30 – 2.44 (m, 3 H), 2.11 – 2.19 (m, 1 H), 1.77 – 1.84 (m, 2 H).
| WO2004002491A1 * | 25 Jun 2003 | 8 Jan 2004 | David J Aldous | Morpholine and tetrahydropyran drivatives and their use as cathepsin inhibitors |
| WO2008121065A1 * | 28 Mar 2008 | 9 Oct 2008 | Astrazeneca Ab | Novel pyrrolidine derivatives as antagonists of the chemokine receptor |
| US20070032484 * | 25 Jul 2006 | 8 Feb 2007 | Roche Palo Alto Llc | Cathepsin K inhibitors |
| US20020107266 * | Dec 11, 2001 | Aug 8, 2002 | Marguerita Lim-Wilby | Amides used particularly in the treatment, prevention or amelioration of one or more symptoms of malaria or Chagas’ disease; inhibiting the activity of falcipain or cruzain |
| US20100286118 * | May 6, 2010 | Nov 11, 2010 | Rhonan Ford | Substituted 1-cyanoethylheterocyclylcarboxamide compounds 750 |
| WO2012109415A1 | Feb 9, 2012 | Aug 16, 2012 | Glaxosmithkline Llc | Cathepsin c inhibitors |
KHK 7580 structure cracked……Evocalcet
KHK 7580 …..example
| 3.008 |
 |
 |
 |
2HCl | MS · APCI: 375[M + H]+ |
in EP1757582
4-(3S-(1R-(1-naphthyl)ethylamino)pyrrolidin-1- yl)phenylacetic acid
4-[(3S)-3-[[(1R)-1-(1-naphthalenyl)ethyl]amino]-1-pyrrolidinyl]-Benzeneacetic acid,
cas will be updated
BASE ….870964-67-3
DI HCL SALT …….870856-31-8
MF C24 H26 N2 O2 BASE
MW 374.48 BASE
KHK-7580
KHK-7580; MT-4580
Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corp… innovator
Kyowa Hakko Kirin Co Ltd.. licencee
4-(3S-(1R-(1-naphthyl)ethylamino)pyrrolidin-1-yl)phenylacetic acid,
useful as calcium-sensitive receptor (CaSR) agonists for treating hyperparathyroidism. a CaSR agonist, being developed by Kyowa Hakko Kirin, under license from Mitsubishi Tanabe, for treating secondary hyperparathyroidism (phase 2 clinical, as of March 2015).
WILL BE UPDATED
WO2005115975,/EP1757582
http://www.google.co.in/patents/EP1757582A1?cl=en
Example no
| 3.008 |
|
|
|
2HCl | MS · APCI: 375[M + H]+ |
Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation
The present invention provides a novel crystal form of an arylalkylamine
compound. Specifically, a novel crystal form of
4-(3S-(1R-(1-naphthyl)ethylamino)pyrrolidin-1- yl)phenylacetic acid has
excellent stability, and is therefore useful as an active ingredient for
a medicine. The present invention also provides an industrially
advantageous method for producing an arylalkylamine compound.
http://worldwide.espacenet.com/publicationDetails/biblio?DB=worldwide.espacenet.com&II=0&ND=3&adjacent=true&locale=en_EP&FT=D&date=20150312&CC=WO&NR=2015034031A1&KC=A1
Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation
The present invention provides a novel crystal form of an arylalkylamine compound. Specifically, a novel crystal form of 4-(3S-(1R-(1-naphthyl)ethylamino)pyrrolidin-1- yl)phenylacetic acid has excellent stability, and is therefore useful as an active ingredient for a medicine. The present invention also provides an industrially advantageous method for producing an arylalkylamine compound.
………………….
Reference Example 3.001
(1) To a mixed solution containing 33.5 g of 3-hydroxypiperidine and 62.7 ml of triethylamine dissolved in 250 ml of methylene chloride was added dropwise a solution of 55.7 ml of benzyloxycarbonyl chloride in 150 ml of methylene chloride, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 16 hours. To the reaction mixture were added a saturated aqueous citric acid and chloroform, the mixture was stirred and the liquids were separated. The organic layer was dried, the solvent was evaporated, and the residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (hexane:ethyl acetate=4:1→0:1) to obtain 75.5 g of benzyl 3-hydroxypiperidine-1-carboxylate.
MS•APCI (m/z): 236 [M+H]+
(2) 800 ml of a solution of 52.4 ml of oxalyl chloride in methylene chloride was cooled to −78° C., 53.2 ml of DMSO was added dropwise to the solution, and the mixture was stirred at −78° C. for 0.5 hour. A solution of 75.5 g of benzyl 3-hydroxypiperidine-1-carboxylate dissolved in 200 ml of methylene chloride was added dropwise to the mixture, and further 293 ml of triethylamine was added dropwise to the same, and the mixture was stirred for 16 hours while a temperature thereof was gradually raised to room temperature. To the reaction mixture were added a saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution and chloroform, the mixture was stirred and the liquids were separated. The organic layer was dried and concentrated to obtain 83.7 g of 1-benzyloxycarbonyl-3-piperidone. MS•APCI (m/z): 234 [M+H]+
(3) To a solution of 83.7 g of 1-benzyloxycarbonyl-3-piperidone dissolved in 1.2 liters of methylene chloride was added 55.0 g of (R)-(+)-1-(1-naphthyl)ethylamine, and after the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 hours, 69 ml of acetic acid and 160 g of sodium triacetoxy borohydride were added to the mixture, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 15 hours. To the reaction mixture was added an aqueous sodium hydroxide to make the mixture basic, and then, chloroform was added to the mixture, the mixture was stirred and the liquids were separated. The organic layer was dried and concentrated, and the residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (hexane:ethyl acetate=4:1→0:1) to obtain 98.7 g of benzyl 3-[(R)-1-(naphthalen-1-yl)ethylamino]piperidine-1-carboxylate. MS•APCI (m/z): 389 [M+H]+
(4) To a solution of 40.95 g of triphosgene dissolved in 800 ml of methylene chloride was added dropwise a mixed solution containing 80.6 g of benzyl 3-[(R)-1-(naphthalen-1-yl)ethylamino]piperidine-1-carboxylate and 86.6 ml of triethylamine dissolved in 200 ml of methylene chloride at 0° C., and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 16 hours. To the reaction mixture was added water, the mixture was stirred and the liquids were separated. The organic layer was dried and concentrated, and the residue was washed with 200 ml of diethyl ether, and the crystal collected by filtration was recrystallized from chloroform and diethyl ether to obtain 48.9 g of benzyl (R)-3-[chlorocarbonyl-(R)-1-(naphthalen-1-yl)ethylamino]piperidine-1-carboxylate.
Further, the filtrate was purified by silica gel column chromatography (hexane:ethyl acetate=8:1→0:1) to obtain 5.82 g of benzyl (R)-3-[chlorocarbonyl-(R)-1-(naphthalen-1-yl)ethylamino]piperidine-1-carboxylate and 14.5 g of benzyl (S)-3-[chlorocarbonyl-(R)-1-(naphthalen-1-yl)ethylamino]piperidine-1-carboxylate.
(5) To a solution containing 54.6 g of benzyl (R)-3-[chlorocarbonyl-(R)-1-(naphthalen-1-yl)ethylamino]piperidine-1-carboxylate dissolved in 700 ml of tetrahydrofuran was added 350 ml of water, and the mixture was stirred under reflux for 15 hours. After tetrahydrofuran was evaporated, a saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution and chloroform were added thereto, the mixture was stirred and the liquids were separated. The organic layer was dried and concentrated, and the residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (hexane:ethyl acetate=4:1→0:1) to obtain 24.3 g of benzyl (R)-3-[(R)-1-(naphthalen-1-yl)ethylamino]piperidine-1-carboxylate. MS•APCI (m/z): 389 [M+H]+
(6) To a solution containing 24.2 g of benzyl (R)-3-[(R)-1-(naphthalen-1-yl)ethylamino]piperidine-1-carboxylate dissolved in 250 ml of methanol was added 2.5 g of palladium carbon (10% wet), and the mixture was shaked under hydrogen atmosphere at 3 atm at room temperature for 40 hours. Palladium carbon was removed, and the solvent was evaporated, the residue was washed with ethyl acetate-chloroform (10:1), and collected by filtration to obtain 15.3 g of (R)-3-[(R)-1-(naphthalen-1-yl)ethylamino]piperidine (the following Reference example Table, Reference example 3.001(a)). MS•APCI (m/z): 255 [M+H]+
(7) By using 14.5 g of benzyl (S)-3-[chlorocarbonyl-(R)-1-(naphthalen-1-yl)ethylamino]piperidine-1-carboxylate, the same treatment was carried out as in the above-mentioned (5) to obtain 4.74 g of benzyl (S)-3-[(R)-1-(naphthalen-1-yl)ethylamino]piperidine-1-carboxylate. MS•APCI (m/z): 389 [M+H]+
Moreover, by using 4.7 g of benzyl (S)-3-[(R)-1-(naphthalen-1-yl)ethylamino]piperidine-1-carboxylate, the same treatment was carried out as in the above-mentioned (6) to obtain 2.89 g of (S)-3-[(R)-1-(naphthalen-1-yl)ethylamino]piperidine. MS•APCI (m/z): 255 [M+H]+
(8) To a solution of 3.46 g of (S)-3-[(R)-1-(naphthalen-1-yl)ethylamino]piperidine dissolved in 15 ml of methanol was added dropwise 20 ml of a solution of 4M hydrochloric acid in ethyl acetate, and the mixture was stirred. The reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure, diethyl ether was added to the residue, washed and dried to obtain 3.33 g of (S)-3-[(R)-1-(naphthalen-1-yl)ethylamino]piperidine dihydrochloride
| 3.008 |
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2HCl | MS · APCI: 375[M + H]+ |
| TABLE A3 | |||||
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| Example No. | R1—X— |
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—Ar | Salt | Physical properties, etc. |
…………………..
see all at http://drugpatentsint.blogspot.in/2015/03/wo-2015034031.html
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http://www.kyowa-kirin.com/research_and_development/pipeline/
KHK7580 -Secondary Hyperparathyroidism
JP
| Company | Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corp. |
| Description | Calcium receptor agonist |
| Molecular Target | |
| Mechanism of Action | Calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) agonist |
| Therapeutic Modality | Small molecule |
| Latest Stage of Development | Phase II |
| Standard Indication | Thyroid disease |
| Indication Details | Treat hyperparathyroidism in patients receiving hemodialysis; Treat secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT) |
| Regulatory Designation | |
| Partner |
August 29, 2014
Kyowa Hakko Kirin Announces Commencement of Phase 2b Clinical Study of KHK7580 in Patients with Secondary Hyperparathyroidism in Japan
Tokyo, Japan, August 29, 2014 — Kyowa Hakko Kirin Co., Ltd. (Tokyo: 4151, President and CEO: Nobuo Hanai, “Kyowa Hakko Kirin”) today announced the initiation of a phase 2b clinical study evaluating KHK7580 for secondary hyperparathyroidism patients receiving hemodialysis in Japan.
This randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, parallel-group, multi-center study is designed to evaluate efficacy and safety in cohorts comprising KHK7580, its placebo and cinacalcet and initial dose of KHK7580 for secondary hyperparathyroidism patients receiving hemodialysis.
KHK7580 is a small molecular compound produced by Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation (President & Representative Director, CEO: Masayuki Mitsuka, “Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma”). Kyowa Hakko Kirin signed a license agreement of KHK7580 with Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma for the rights to cooperative research, develop, market and manufacture the product in Japan and some part of Asia on March 2008.
The Kyowa Hakko Kirin Group is contributing to the health and prosperity of the world’s people by pursuing advances in life sciences and technology and creating new value.
Outline of this study
| ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier |  NCT02216656 |
|---|---|
| Target Population | Secondary hyperparathyroidism patients receiving hemodialysis |
| Trial Design | Randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind (included open arm of cinacalcet), parallel-group, multi-center study |
| Administration Group | KHK7580, Placebo, cinacalcet |
| Target Number of Subjects | 150 |
| Primary Objective | Efficacy |
| Trial Location | Japan |
| Trial Duration | Jul. 2014 to Jun. 2015 |
Contact:
Kyowa Hakko Kirin
Media Contact:
+81-3-3282-1903
or
Investors:
+81-3-3282-0009
Update on march 2016
New comment waiting approval on New Drug Approvals |
 |
|
http://www.medkoo.com/products/6729
Name: Evocalcet
CAS#: 870964-67-3
Chemical Formula: C24H26N2O2
Exact Mass: 374.19943
Evocalcet is a calcium-sensing receptor agonist. The calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) is a Class C G-protein coupled receptor which senses extracellular levels of calcium ion. The calcium-sensing receptor controls calcium homeostasis by regulating the release of parathyroid hormone (PTH). CaSR is expressed in all of the organs of the digestive system. CaSR plays a key role in gastrointestinal physiological function and in the occurrence of digestive disease. High dietary Ca2+ may stimulate CaSR activation and could both inhibit tumor development and increase the chemotherapeutic sensitivity of cancer cells in colon cancer tissues. (Last update: 12/15/2015).
Synonym: MT-4580; MT 4580; MT4580; KHK-7580; KHK7580; KHK 7580; Evocalcet
IUPAC/Chemical Name: 2-(4-((S)-3-(((R)-1-(naphthalen-1-yl)ethyl)amino)pyrrolidin-1-yl)phenyl)acetic acid
2
https://tripod.nih.gov/ginas/app/substance/f580b9fd
http://www.drugspider.com/drug/evocalcet
| INN name |
Evocalcet
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| Lab Code(s) |
MT-4580
KHK-7580
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| Chemical name |
{4-[(3S)-3-{[(1R)-1-(Naphthalen-1-yl)ethyl]amino}pyrrolidin-1-yl]phenyl}acetic acid
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| Chemical structure |
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| Molecular formula |
C24H26N2O2
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| SMILES |
O=C(O)CC1=CC=C(N2C[C@@H](N[C@@H](C3=C4C=CC=CC4=CC=C3)C)CC2)C=C1
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| CAS registry number |
870964-67-3
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| Orphan Drug Status |
No
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| On Fast track |
No
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| New Molecular Entity |
Yes
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| Originator | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Developer(s) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Class | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Mechanism of action | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Clinical trial(s) |
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| Updated on |
11 Oct 2015
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SMILES Code: O=C(O)CC1=CC=C(N2C[C@@H](N[C@@H](C3=C4C=CC=CC4=CC=C3)C)CC2)C=C1
CS 3150, angiotensin II receptor antagonist, for the treatment or prevention of such hypertension and heart disease
CS-3150, (XL550)
CS 3150, angiotensin II receptor antagonist, for the treatment or prevention of such hypertension and heart disease similar to olmesartan , losartan, candesartan , valsartan, irbesartan, telmisartan, eprosartan,
Cas name 1H-Pyrrole-3-carboxamide, 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-methyl-N-[4-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl]-5-[2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-, (5S)-
CAS 1632006-28-0 for S conf
MF C22 H21 F3 N2 O4 S
MW 466.47
(S)-1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-methyl-N-[4-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl]-5-[2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-1H-pyrrole-3-carboxamide
CAS 1632006-28-0 for S configuration
1- (2-hydroxyethyl) -4-methyl -N- [4- (methylsulfonyl) phenyl] -5- [2- (trifluoromethyl) phenyl] -1H- pyrrole-3-carboxamide
(S) -1- (2- hydroxyethyl) -4-methyl -N- [4- (methylsulfonyl) phenyl] -5- [2- (trifluoromethyl) phenyl] -1H- pyrrole-3-carboxamide
(+/-)-1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-methyl-N-[4-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl]-5-[2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-1H-pyrrole-3-carboxamide, CAS 880780-76-7
(+)-1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-methyl-N-[4-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl]-5-[2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-1H-pyrrole-3-carboxamide..1072195-82-4
(-)-1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-methyl-N-[4-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl]-5-[2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-1H-pyrrole-3-carboxamide..1072195-83-5
WO2008 / 126831 (US Publication US2010-0093826)http://www.google.co.in/patents/EP2133330A1?cl=en
WO 2006012642..compound A;..http://www.google.com/patents/WO2006012642A2?cl=en
WO2006 / 012642 (US Publication US2008-0234270)
WO 2015030010…http://www.google.com/patents/WO2015030010A1?cl=en
- Originator Exelixis
- Developer Daiichi Sankyo Company..
Daiichi Sankyo Company,Limited, 第一三共株式会社 - Class Antihypertensives; Small molecules
- Mechanism of Action Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists
JAPAN PHASE 2……….Phase 2 Study to Evaluate Efficacy and Safety of CS-3150 in Patients with Essential Hypertension
http://www.clinicaltrials.jp/user/showCteDetailE.jsp?japicId=JapicCTI-121921
Phase II Diabetic nephropathies; Hypertension
- 01 Jan 2015 Daiichi Sankyo initiates a phase IIb trial for Diabetic nephropathies in Japan (NCT02345057)
- 01 Jan 2015 Daiichi Sankyo initiates a phase IIb trial for Hypertension in Japan (NCT02345044)
- 01 May 2013 Phase-II clinical trials in Diabetic nephropathies in Japan (PO)
-
Currently, angiotensin II receptor antagonists and calcium antagonists are widely used as a medicament for the treatment or prevention of such hypertension or heart disease.Mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) (aldosterone receptor) has been known to play an important role in the control of body electrolyte balance and blood pressure, spironolactone having a steroid structure, MR antagonists such as eplerenone, are known to be useful in the treatment of hypertension-heart failure.Renin – angiotensin II receptor antagonists are inhibitors of angiotensin system is particularly effective in renin-dependent hypertension, and show a protective effect against cardiovascular and renal failure. Also, the calcium antagonists, and by the function of the calcium channel antagonizes (inhibits), since it has a natriuretic action in addition to the vasodilating action, is effective for hypertension fluid retention properties (renin-independent) .Therefore, the MR antagonist, when combined angiotensin II receptor antagonists or calcium antagonists, it is possible to suppress the genesis of multiple hypertension simultaneously, therapeutic or prophylactic effect of the stable and sufficient hypertension irrespective of the etiology is expected to exhibit.Also, diuretics are widely used as a medicament for the treatment or prevention of such hypertension or heart disease. Diuretic agent is effective in the treatment of hypertension from its diuretic effect. Therefore, if used in combination MR antagonists and diuretics, the diuretic effect of diuretics, it is possible to suppress the genesis of multiple blood pressure at the same time, shows a therapeutic or prophylactic effect of the stable and sufficient hypertension irrespective of the etiology it is expected.1- (2-hydroxyethyl) -4-methyl -N- [4- (methylsulfonyl) phenyl] -5- [2- (trifluoromethyl) phenyl] -1H- pyrrole-3-carboxamide (hereinafter, compound ( I)) is, it is disclosed in Patent Documents 1 and 2, hypertension, for the treatment of such diabetic nephropathy are known to be useful.
CS-3150 (XL550) is a small-molecule antagonist of the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR), a nuclear hormone receptor implicated in a variety of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. MR antagonists can be used to treat hypertension and congestive heart failure due to their vascular protective effects. Recent studies have also shown beneficial effects of adding MR antagonists to the treatment regimen for Type II diabetic patients with nephropathy. CS-3150 is a non-steroidal, selective MR antagonist that has the potential for the treatment of hypertension, congestive heart failure, or end organ protection due to vascular damage.
Useful as a mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) antagonist, for treating hypertension, cardiac failure and diabetic nephropathy. It is likely to be CS-3150, a non-steroidal MR antagonist, being developed by Daiichi Sankyo (formerly Sankyo), under license from Exelixis, for treating hypertension and diabetic nephropathy (phase 2 clinical, as of March 2015). In January 2015, a phase II trial for type 2 diabetes mellitus and microalbuminuria was planned to be initiated later that month (NCT02345057).
Exelixis discovered CS-3150 and out-licensed the compound to Daiichi-Sankyo. Two phase 2a clinical trials, one in hypertensive patients and the other in type 2 diabetes with albuminuria, are currently being conducted in Japan by Daiichi-Sankyo.
Mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) (aldosterone receptor) has been known to play an important role in the control of body electrolyte balance and blood pressure, spironolactone having a steroid structure, MR antagonists such as eplerenone, are known to be useful in the treatment of hypertension-heart failure.
CS-3150 (XL550) is a small-molecule antagonist of the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR), a nuclear hormone receptor implicated in a variety of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. MR antagonists can be used to treat hypertension and congestive heart failure due to their vascular protective effects. Recent studies have also shown beneficial effects of adding MR antagonists to the treatment regimen for Type II diabetic patients with nephropathy. CS-3150 is a non-steroidal, selective MR antagonist that has the potential for the treatment of hypertension, congestive heart failure, or end organ protection due to vascular damage.
Exelixis discovered CS-3150 and out-licensed the compound to Daiichi-Sankyo. Two phase 2a clinical trials, one in hypertensive patients and the other in type 2 diabetes with albuminuria, are currently being conducted in Japan by Daiichi-Sankyo.
Daiichi Sankyo (formerly Sankyo), under license from Exelixis, is developing CS-3150 (XL-550), a non-steroidal mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) antagonist, for the potential oral treatment of hypertension and diabetic nephropathy, microalbuminuria , By October 2012, phase II development had begun ; in May 2014, the drug was listed as being in phase IIb development . In January 2015, a phase II trial for type 2 diabetes mellitus and microalbuminuria was planned to be initiated later that month. At that time, the trial was expected to complete in March 2017 .
Exelixis, following its acquisition of X-Ceptor Therapeutics in October 2004 , was investigating the agent for the potential treatment of metabolic disorders and cardiovascular diseases, such as hypertension and congestive heart failure . In September 2004, Exelixis expected to file an IND in 2006. However, it appears that the company had fully outlicensed the agent to Sankyo since March 2006 .
| Description | Small molecule antagonist of the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) |
| Molecular Target | Mineralocorticoid receptor |
| Mechanism of Action | Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist |
| Therapeutic Modality | Small molecule |
In January 2015, a multi-center, placebo-controlled, randomized, 5-parallel group, double-blind, phase II trial (JapicCTI-152774; NCT02345057; CS3150-B-J204) was planned to be initiated later that month in Japan, in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and microalbuminuria, to assess the efficacy and safety of different doses of CS-3150 compared to placebo. At that time, the trial was expected to complete in March 2017; later that month, the trial was initiated in the Japan
By October 2012, phase II development had begun in patients with essential hypertension
By January 2011, phase I trials had commenced in Japan
Several patents WO-2014168103,
WO-2015012205 and WO-2015030010
XL-550, claimed in WO-2006012642,
………………………………………………………………….
http://www.google.co.in/patents/EP2133330A1?cl=en
(Example 3)(+/-)-1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-methyl-N-[4-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl]-5-[2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-1H-pyrrole-3-carboxamide
-
After methyl 4-methyl-5-[2-(trifluoromethyl) phenyl]-1H-pyrrole-3-carboxylate was obtained by the method described in Example 16 of WO 2006/012642 , the following reaction was performed using this compound as a raw material.
-
Methyl 4-methyl-5-[2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-1H-pyrrole-3-carboxylate (1.4 g, 4.9 mmol) was dissolved in methanol (12 mL), and a 5 M aqueous sodium hydroxide solution (10 mL) was added thereto, and the resulting mixture was heated under reflux for 3 hours. After the mixture was cooled to room temperature, formic acid (5 mL) was added thereto to stop the reaction. After the mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure, water (10 mL) was added thereto to suspend the resulting residue. The precipitated solid was collected by filtration and washed 3 times with water. The obtained solid was dried under reduced pressure, whereby 4-methyl-5-[2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-1H-pyrrole-3-carboxylic acid (1.1 g, 83%) was obtained as a solid. The thus obtained solid was suspended in dichloromethane (10 mL), oxalyl chloride (0.86 mL, 10 mmol) was added thereto, and the resulting mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 hours. After the mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure, the residue was dissolved in tetrahydrofuran (10 mL), and 4-(methylsulfonyl)aniline hydrochloride (1.0 g, 4.9 mmol) and N,N-diisopropylethylamine (2.8 mL, 16 mmol) were sequentially added to the solution, and the resulting mixture was heated under reflux for 18 hours. After the mixture was cooled to room temperature, the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure, and acetonitrile (10 mL) and 3 M hydrochloric acid (100 mL) were added to the residue. A precipitated solid was triturated, collected by filtration and washed with water, and then, dried under reduced pressure, whereby 4-methyl-N-[4-(methylsulfonyl) phenyl]-5-[2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-1H-pyrrole-3-carboxamide (1.4 g, 89%) was obtained as a solid.
1H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ11.34 (1H, brs,), 9.89 (1H, s), 7.97 (2H, d, J = 6.6 Hz), 7.87-7.81 (3H, m), 7.73 (1H, t, J = 7.4 Hz), 7.65-7.61 (2H, m), 7.44 (1H, d, J = 7.8 Hz), 3.15 (3H, s), 2.01 (3H, s). -
Sodium hydride (0.12 g, 3 mmol, 60% dispersion in mineral oil) was dissolved in N,N-dimethylformamide (1.5 mL), and 4-methyl -N-[4-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl]-5-[2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-1H-pyrrole-3-carboxamide (0.47 g, 1.1 mmol) was added thereto, and then, the resulting mixture was stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes. Then, 1,3,2-dioxathiolane-2,2-dioxide (0.14 g, 1.2 mmol) was added thereto, and the resulting mixture was stirred at room temperature. After 1 hour, sodium hydride (40 mg, 1.0 mmol, oily, 60%) was added thereto again, and the resulting mixture was stirred for 30 minutes. Then, 1,3,2-dioxathiolane-2,2-dioxide (12 mg, 0.11 mmol) was added thereto, and the resulting mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 hour. After the mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure, methanol (5 mL) was added to the residue and insoluble substances were removed by filtration, and the filtrate was concentrated again. To the residue, tetrahydrofuran (2 mL) and 6 M hydrochloric acid (2 mL) were added, and the resulting mixture was stirred at 60°C for 16 hours. The reaction was cooled to room temperature, and then dissolved in ethyl acetate, and washed with water and saturated saline. The organic layer was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and filtered. Then, the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure, and the residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (ethyl acetate), whereby the objective compound (0.25 g, 48%) was obtained.
1H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ: 7.89-7.79 (m, 6H), 7.66-7.58 (m, 2H), 7.49 (s, 1H), 7.36 (d, 1H, J = 7.4Hz), 3.81-3.63 (m, 4H), 3.05 (s, 3H), 2.08 (s, 3H).
HR-MS (ESI) calcd for C22H22F3N2O4S [M+H]+, required m/z: 467.1252, found: 467.1246.
Anal. calcd for C22H21F3N2O4S: C, 56.65; H, 4.54; N, 6.01; F, 12.22; S, 6.87. found: C, 56.39; H, 4.58; N, 5.99; F, 12.72; S, 6.92.
(Example 4)
-
Resolution was performed 4 times in the same manner as in Example 2, whereby 74 mg of Isomer C was obtained as a solid from a fraction containing Isomer C (tR = 10 min), and 71 mg of Isomer D was obtained as a solid from a fraction containing Isomer D (tR = 11 min).
-
Isomer C: (+)-1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-methyl-N-[4-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl]-5-[2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-1H-pyrrole-3-carboxamide
[α]D 21: +7.1° (c = 1.0, EtOH) .
1H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ: 7.91 (s, 1H), 7.87-7.79 (m, 5H), 7.67-7.58 (m, 2H), 7.51 (s, 1H), 7.35 (d, 1H, J = 7.0 Hz), 3.78-3.65 (m, 4H), 3.05 (s, 3H), 2.07 (s, 3H).
HR-MS (ESI) calcd for C22H22F3N2O4S [M+H]+, required m/z: 467.1252, found: 467.1260.
Retention time: 4.0 min. -
Isomer D: (-)-1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-methyl-N-[4-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl]-5-[2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-1H-pyrrole-3-carboxamide
[α]D 21: -7.2° (c = 1.1, EtOH) .
1H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ: 7.88-7.79 (m, 6H), 7.67-7.58 (m, 2H), 7.50 (s, 1H), 7.36 (d, 1H, J = 7.5 Hz), 3.79-3.65 (m, 4H), 3.05 (s, 3H), 2.08 (s, 3H).
HR-MS (ESI) calcd for C22H22F3N2O4S [M+H]+, required m/z: 467.1252, found: 467.1257.
Retention time: 4.5 min.
……………………………………………….
WO 2014168103
https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=WO2014168103
(7-1) (S) -1- (2- hydroxyethyl) -4-methyl-5- [2- (trifluoromethyl) phenyl] -1H- pyrrole-3-carboxylic acid quinine salt
obtained by the method of Example 6 the (RS) -1- (2- hydroxyethyl) -4-methyl-5- [2- (trifluoromethyl) phenyl] -1H- pyrrole-3-carboxylic acid 50.00 g (160 mmol), N, N- dimethylacetamide (25 mL), ethyl acetate (85 mL) was added and dissolved at room temperature (solution 1).
mobile phase A: 0.02mol / L phosphorus vinegar buffer solution (pH 3)
mobile phase B: acetonitrile
solution sending of mobile phase: mobile phase A and I indicates the mixing ratio of mobile phase B in Table 1 below.
flow rate: about 0.8 mL / min
column temperature: 30 ℃ constant temperature in the vicinity of
measuring time: about 20 min
Injection volume: 5 μL
diastereomeric excess (% de), the title compound (retention time about 12 min), was calculated by the following equation using a peak area ratio of R-isomer (retention time of about 13 min).
% De = {[(the title compound (S body) peak area ratio) – (R body peak area ratio)] ÷ [(the title compound (S body) peak area ratio) + (R body peak area ratio)]} × 100
(8-1) (S)-1-(2-hydroxyethyl) -4-methyl-5- [2- (trifluoromethyl) phenyl] -1H- pyrrole -3 – carboxylic acid
obtained by the method of Example 7 (S) -1- (2- hydroxyethyl) -4-methyl-5- [2- (trifluoromethyl) phenyl] -1H- pyrrole-3-carboxylic acid (8α, 9R) -6′- methoxycinnamate Conan-9-ol 40.00 g (63 mmol) in ethyl acetate (400 mL), was added 2N aqueous hydrochloric acid (100 mL) was stirred at room temperature and separated . The resulting organic layer was concentrated under reduced pressure (120 mL), and added ethyl acetate (200 mL), and further concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain a solution containing the title compound (120 mL).
ethyl acetate (240 mL), was mixed tetrahydrofuran (80 mL) and oxalyl chloride 20.72 g (163 mmol), and cooled to 10 ~ 15 ℃ was. Then the resulting solution was added while keeping the 10 ~ 15 ℃ Example (8-1) and stirred for about 1 hour by heating to 15 ~ 20 ℃. After stirring, acetonitrile (120 mL) and pyridine 2.46 g (31 mmol) was added and the reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure (120 mL), acetonitrile (200 mL) was added and further concentrated under reduced pressure (120 mL).
obtained by the method of Example 7 (S) -1- (2- hydroxyethyl) -4-methyl-5- [2- (trifluoromethyl) phenyl] -1H- pyrrole 3-carboxylic acid (8α, 9R) -6′- methoxycinnamate Conan-9-ol 10.00 g (16 mmol) in t- butyl methyl ether (90 mL), water (10 mL) 36w / w% aqueous hydrochloric acid ( 5 mL) was added and stirring at room temperature and separated. The resulting organic layer was concentrated under reduced pressure (30 mL), was added ethyl acetate (50 mL), and further concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain a solution containing the title compound (30 mL).
ethyl acetate (50 mL), was mixed with tetrahydrofuran (20 mL) and oxalyl chloride 5.18 g (41 mmol), and cooled to 0 ~ 5 ℃ was.Then the resulting solution was added in Examples while maintaining the 0 ~ 5 ℃ (12-1), and the mixture was stirred for 6 hours at 0 ~ 10 ℃. After stirring, acetonitrile (30 mL) and pyridine 0.62 g (8 mmol) was added and the reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure (30 mL), acetonitrile (50 mL) was added, and further concentrated under reduced pressure (30 mL).
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Patent literature
Patent Document 2: International Publication WO2008 / 056907 (US Publication US2010-0093826)
Patent Document 3: Pat. No. 2,082,519 JP (US Patent No. 5,616,599 JP)
Patent Document 4: Pat. No. 1,401,088 JP (US Pat. No. 4,572,909)
Patent Document 5: US Pat. No. 3,025,292
Angiotensin II receptor 桔抗 agent
is described in Japanese or the like, its chemical name is (5-methyl-2-oxo-1,3-dioxolen-4-yl ) methyl 4- (1-hydroxy-1-methylethyl) -2-propyl-1 – in [2 ‘(1H- tetrazol-5-yl) biphenyl-4-ylmethyl] imidazole-5-carboxylate, Yes, olmesartan medoxomil of the present application includes its pharmacologically acceptable salt.
OLMESARTAN
AMG 925
AMG 925
1401033-86-0
2-Hydroxy-1-(2-((9-((1r,4r)-4-methylcyclohexyl)-9H-pyrido[4′,3′:4,5]pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)-7,8-dihydro-1,6-naphthyridin-6(5H)-yl)ethanone
2-Hydroxy-l-(2-((9-((lr,4r)-4-methylcyclohexyl)-9H- pyrido [4′,3 ‘ :4,5] pyrrolo [2,3-d] pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)-7,8-dihydro-l ,6- naphthyridin-6(5H)-yl)ethanone
2-Hydroxy-1-(2-((9-((1R,4R)-4-methylcyclohexyl)-9H-pyrido[4′,3′:4,5]pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)-7,8-dihydro-1,6-naphthyridin-6(5H)-yl)ethanone (AMG 925)
FLT3/CDK4 inhibitor,potent and selective
AMG 925 is a dual kinase inhibitor of FLT3 and CDK4 with IC50 value of 1 nM and 3 nM, respectively
C26H29N7O2., 471.55
COUPLER 1
COMPD 1
AMG 925AMG 925 is a potent, selective, and orally available FLT3/CDK4 dual inhibitor. It also inhibits CDK6 potently in kinase assay. In acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cell lines MOLM13 and Mv4-11, AMG 925 inhibits cell growth (IC50 values of 19nM and 18nM, respectively) through inhibiting P-FLT3 and P-STAT5 and inducing apoptosis. FLT3 mutants cause resistance to the current FLT3 inhibitors. AMG 925 is reported to inhibit cell growth in AML cells with FLT3 mutants FLT3-D835Y and FLT3-D835V. In AML tumor –bearing mice, administration of AMG 925 shows inhibition of P-STAT5 and P-RB as well as cell growth both in subcutaneous MOLM13 xenograft tumor model and systemic MOLM13-Luc xenograft tumor model. AMG 925 is also reported to have antitumor activity in a dose-dependent manner in theRB-positive Colo205 colon adenocarcinoma xenograft model
AMGEN
cute myeloid leukemia (AML) represents a significant unmet medical need. It is a hematological malignancy characterized by a block in differentiation and aberrant proliferation of the myeloid lineage of hematopoietic progenitor cells. There are approximately 13,000 new cases and 9,000 deaths per year in the United States. The survival rate is 25-70% in patients younger than 60 years and 5-15% in older patients, with worse outcomes in patients with poor risk cytogenetics. Current standard of care treatment is daunorubicin and cytarabine chemotherapy with induction and consolidation phases. Bone marrow stem cell transplant is also used for treating AML in younger patients.
Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) are a family of serine/ threonine protein kinases playing important cellular functions. The cyclins are the regulatory subunits that activate the catalytic CDKs. CDKl/Cyclin B 1 , CDK2/Cyclin A, CDK2/Cyclin E, CDK4/Cyclin D, CDK6/Cyclin D are critical regulators of cell cycle progression. CDKs also regulate transcription, DNA repair, differentiation, senescence and apoptosis (Morgan, D. O., Annu. Rev. Cell. Dev. Biol., 13:261-291 (1997)).
Small molecule inhibitors of CDKs have been developed to treat cancer
(de Career, G. et al., Curr. Med. Chem., 14:969-85 (2007)). A large amount of genetic evidence supports that CDKs, their substrates or regulators have been shown to be associated with many human cancers (Malumbres, M. et al, Nature Rev. Cancer, 1 :222- 231 (2001)). Endogenous protein inhibitors of CDKs including p 16, p21 and p27 inhibit CDK activity and their overexpression results in cell cycle arrest and inhibition of tumor growth in preclinical models (Kamb, A., Curr. Top. Microbiolo. Immunol., 227: 139- 148 (1998)).
Small molecule inhibitors of CDKs may also be used to treat variety of other diseases that result from aberrant cell proliferation, including cardiovascular disorders, renal diseases, certain infectious diseases and autoimmune diseases. Cell proliferation pathways including genes involved in the cell cycle Gl and S phase checkpoint (p53, pRb, pi 5, pi 6, and Cyclins A, D, E, CDK 2 and CDK4) have been associated with plaque progression, stenosis and restenosis after angioplasty. Over- expression of the CDK inhibitor protein p21 has been shown to inhibit vascular smooth muscle proliferation and intimal hyperplasia following angioplasty (Chang, M. W. et al., J. Clin. Invest, 96:2260 (1995); Yang, Z-Y. et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. (USA) 93:9905 (1996)). A small molecule CDK2 inhibitor CVT-313 (Ki = 95 nM) was shown to cause significant inhibition of neointima formation in animal models (Brooks, E. E. et al., J. Biol. Chem., 272:29207-2921 1 (1997)). Disregulation of cell cycle has been associated with polycystic kidney diseases, which are characterized by the growth of fluid-filled cysts in renal tubules. Treatment with small molecule inhibitors of CDKs yielded effective arrest of cystic disease in mouse models (Bukanov, N. O., et al., Nature, 4444:949-952 (2006)).
Infection by a variety of infectious agents, including fungi, protozoan parasites such as Plasmodium falciparum, and DNA and RNA viruses may be treated with CDK inhibitors. CDKs have been shown to be required for replication of herpes simplex virus (HSV) (Schang, L. M. et al., J. Virol., 72:5626 (1998)). Synovial tissue hyperplasia plays important roles in the development of rheumatoid arthritis; inhibition of synovial tissue proliferation may suppress inflammation and prevent joint destruction. It has been shown that over-expression of CDK inhibitor protein pl6 inhibited synovial fibroblast growth (Taniguchi, K. et al., Nat. Med., 5:760-767 (1999)) and joint swelling was substantially inhibited in animal arthritis models.
Selective inhibitors of some CDKs may also be used to protect normal untransformed cells by inhibiting specific phases of cell cycle progression (Chen, et al., J. Natl. Cancer Institute, 92: 1999-2008 (2000)). Pre-treatment with a selective CDK inhibitor prior to the use of a cytotoxic agent that inhibits a different phase of the cell cycle may reduce the side effects associated with the cytotoxic chemotherapy and possibly increase the therapeutic widow. It has been shown that induction of cellular protein inhibitors of CDKs (pi 6, p27 and p21) conferred strong resistance to paclitaxel- or cisplatin-mediated cytotoxicity on the inhibitor-responsive cells but not on the inhibitor-unresponsive cells (Schmidt, M, Oncogene, 2001 20:6164-71).
CDK4 and CDK6 are two functionally indistinguishable cyclin D dependent kinases. They are widely expressed with high levels of expression observed in cells of hematopoeitic lineage (CDK4/6 will be used throughout this document to reference both CDK4 and CDK6). CDK4/6 promotes Gl-S transition of the cell cycle by phosphorylating the retinoblastoma protein (Rb). CDK4 and CDK6 single knockout mice are viable and double knockout mice die around birth with defective
hematopoiesis (Satyanarayana, A. et al., Oncogene, 28:2925-39 (2009); Malumbres, M. et al., Cell, 1 18:493-504 (2004)). Strong evidence supports a significant involvement of the cyclin D-CDK4-pl6INK4A-Rb pathway in cancer development (Malumbres, M. et al., Nature Rev. Cancer, 1 :222-31 (2001)). Rb negatively regulates the cell cycle at Gl by sequestering E2F proteins that are required for initiation of S phase, p 1 is a key member of the ΓΝΚ4 family of CDK4/6 cellular inhibitors. The genes for Rb and pl6INK4A are tumor suppressors that are often deleted or silenced in cancer cells.
Additionally CDK4, CDK6 and cyclin D are reported to be amplified in hematologic malignancies and solid tumors. The importance of this pathway in oncogenesis is further supported by the finding that depletion or inactivation of CDK4 inhibits tumor growth in mouse tumor models (Yu, Q. et al., Cancer Cell, 9:23-32 (2006); Puyol, M. Cancer Cell, 18:63-73 (2010)). Rb and p 16^^ are rarely deleted in AML. However, the plS1^^ gene, another member of the ΓΝΚ4 family, has been reported to be down regulated by hypermethylation in up to 60% of AML (Naofumi, M. et al., Leukemia Res., 29:557-64 (2005); Drexler, H. G. Leukemia, 12:845-59 (1998); Herman, J. G. et al., Cancer Res., 57:837-41 (1997)), suggesting a possible critical role for CDK4/6 in AML cells.
FLT3 (Fms-like tyrosine kinase 3, FLK2) is a class III receptor tyrosine kinase. It is activated by the FLT3 ligand (FL) and signals through the PI3K, RAS, and JAK/STAT pathways (Scholl C. et al., Semin. Oncol., 35:336-45 (2008); Meshinchi S. et al., Clin. Cancer Res., 15:4263-9 (2009)). FLT3 plays a role in early hematopoiesis and FLT3 deficient mice have reduced numbers of progenitors of multiple lymphoid lineages (Mackarehtschian K, et al., Immunity, 3: 147-61 (1995). Activating mutations in FLT3 are found in approximately 30% of AML patients, representing the most frequent genetic alteration in the disease. About 75% of the activating mutations are internal tandem duplications (ITD) and 25% are point mutations in the activation loop of the kinase domain.
The most frequently identified activating point mutation is D835Y (Yamamoto et al., Blood, 97(8): 2434-2439 (2001)). However, mutations have also been found at N841I (Jiang, J. et al., Blood, 104(6): 1855-1858 (2004)) and Y842C (Kindler et al., Blood, 105(1): 335-340 (2005)). Additional point mutations have been identified in the juxtamembrane domain and kinase domain, although these have been shown to result in lower transforming potential (Reindel et al., Blood 107(9): 3700- 3707 (2006)).
Murine bone marrow transplanted with a retrovirus expressing the
FLT3-ITD has been shown to result in the production of a lethal myeloproliferative disease in mice (Kelly et al., Blood 99: 310-318 (2002)) characterized by leukocytosis consisting of mature neutrophils. This disease did not show a block in differentiation as seen in human AML suggesting that FLT3 mutations confer a proliferative or survival advantage to the cells. Additional oncogene mutation producing a block in
differentiation such as AML1/ETO is hypothesized to be required to produce disease that is more similar to human AML.
A number of FLT3 inhibitors have been tested in clinical trials.
Although they have shown initial clinical responses in AML, the responses observed were transient and resistance can develop rapidly (Weisberg, E. et al., Oncogene, 29:5120-34 (2010)). The major resistance mechanism appears to be through the acquisition of secondary mutations in FLT3, which may interfere with the binding of FLT3 inhibitors to the FLT3 receptor (Weisberg, E. et al., Oncogene, 29:5120-34 (2010); Chu, S. H. et al., Drug Resist. Update, 12:8-16 (2009)). One such resistance mutation (N676K) was identified in a patient at the time of clinical relapse while on multi-kinase FLT3 inhibitor midostaurin (PKC412) monotherapy (Heidel, F. et al., Blood, 107:293-300 (2006)). Combinations of FLT3 inhibitors with chemotherapy are being tested in clinical trials despite the recognition that chemotherapy is poorly tolerated. Additional possible mechanisms for lack of durable responses include inadequate target coverage (Pratz, K. W., et al., Blood, 139:3938-46 (2009)) and protection of AML cells in the bone marrow where stromal growth factors may provide proliferative signals in addition to FLT3 activation (Tarn, W. F. et al., Best Pract. Res. Clin. Haematol., 21 : 13-20 (2008)). Inhibitors with combined FLT3 and CDK4/6 inhibitory activities are novel and may prove beneficial in treating various cancers including, but not limited to, AML.
Fused tricyclic pyridine, pyrimidine, and triazine compounds useful for treating diseases mediated by CDK4 are disclosed in WO 2009/085185, published on July 9, 2009, which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety and for all purposes as if fully set forth herein. Various gem-disubstituted and spirocyclic compounds useful for treating diseases mediated by CDK4 are disclosed in WO 2009/0126584, published on October 15, 2009, which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety and for all purposes as if fully set forth herein.
A continued need exists for new compounds that can be used to modulate CDK4, CDK6, and/or FLT3 and can be used to treat various disease conditions associated with these kinases. The compounds of the present invention provide significant improvements in inhibition in one or more of these kinases and have properties making them excellent therapeutic candidates.
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http://www.google.com/patents/WO2012129344A1?cl=en
[01 16] In some embo f Formula I, the compound is
SCHEME 3
R1′-CI
3G …………………………………………………………..3H
Example 1. 9-((lr,4r)-4-Methylcyclohexyl)-N-(5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1 ,6-naphthyridin-2-yl)-9H-py 3-d] pyrimidin-2-amine
KEY INTERMEDIATE 1
4-Chloropyrimidine-2-amine (commercially available from Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO) (1000 g, 7.72 mol, 1.0 eq), trans- 4-methylcyclohexylamine hydrochloride (commercially available from TCI America, M1780) (1500 g, 10.03 mol, 1.3 eq) and TEA (3.23 L, 23.2 mol, 3.0 eq) were mixed together in n-butanol (8 L). The reaction mixture was heated at reflux for 36 hours and monitored using LCMS. Upon completion, the reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, diluted with water (8 L) and extracted with EtOAc (2 x 10 L). The organic layers were combined, dried over Na2S04, and concentrated under reduced pressure to give the title compound (1770 g) which was us
STEP B
Synthesis of 5-iodo-A^-((lr,4r)-4-methylcyclohexyl)pyridine-2,4- diamine. N4-((lr,4r)-4-Methylcyclohexyl)pyridine-2,4-diamine (1770 g, 8.58 mol, 1.0 eq) was dissolved in anhydrous DMF (8 L). To this solution under N2 atmosphere at 10 °C was added NIS (1.93 kg, 8.58 mol, 1.0 eq) in portions over 10 minutes. Upon completion of the addition, the reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 hours. The reaction was monitored using LCMS. Upon completion, the reaction mixture was cooled using an ice bath, quenched with saturated aqueous sodium carbonate (5 L) and extracted with EtOAc (2 x 15 L). The combined organic extracts were washed with saturated aqueous sodium carbonate (2 x 5 L), water (3 x 2 L), dried over Na2S04, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified using column chromatography eluting with 25% to 40% EtOAc in hexanes to provide the title compound (1.47 kg, 57% over two steps). ^-NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ ppm 0.85 (3H, d, J= 7.2 Hz), 0.98 (1H, dd, J= 12.9, 2.7 Hz), 1.41 – 1.27 (3H, m), 1.66 (2H, d, J = 12.3 Hz), 1.78 (2H, d, J= 12.3 Hz), 3.85 (1H, m), 5.48 (1H, d, J= 8.1 Hz), 6.16 (2H, br s), 7.86
STEPC
Synthesis of 5-(3-fluoropyridin-4-yl)-N -((lr,4r)-4- methylcyclohexyl)pyrimidine-2,4-diamine. To a solution of 2,2,6,6- tetramethylpiperidine (commercially available from Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO) (997 mL, 5.87 mol, 3 eq) in anhydrous THF (6 L) under N2 atmosphere at 0 °C, was added n-BuLi (2.5 M in hexanes, 2.35 L, 5.87 mol, 3 eq) via an addition funnel over 30 minutes. Upon completion of the addition, the reaction mixture was stirred at 0 °C for 1 hour. The reaction mixture was cooled to -74 °C (acetone/ dry ice bath) and a solution of 3-fluoropyridine (commercially available from Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO) (561 g, 5.773 mol, 2.95 eq) in anhydrous THF (500 mL) was added over 15 minutes keeping the temperature below -63 °C. Upon completion of the addition, the reaction mixture was stirred at -74 °C for an additional 2 hours. A solution of ZnBr2 (1422 g, 6.32 mol, 3.22 eq) in anhydrous THF (3 L) was then added dropwise over 35 minutes keeping the temperature below -60 °C. Upon completion of the addition, the cold bath was removed and the reaction mixture was allowed to warm to room temperature. Then 5- iodo-N4-((lr,4r)-4-methylcyclohexyl)pyridine-2,4-diamine (650 g, 1.95 mol, 1.0 eq) was added in one portion followed by Pd(PPh3)4 (113 g, 97.8 mmol, 0.05 eq). The reaction mixture was heated at reflux overnight and monitored using LCMS. Upon completion, the reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, quenched with saturated aqueous NaHC03 (6 L) and extracted with EtOAc (10 L x 2). The organic extracts were washed with saturated NaHC03 (2.5 L x 2) and brine (2.5 L), and were then concentrated under vacuum. The residue was dissolved in 2N HC1 (2.5 L) and washed with DCM (1.25 L x 3). The aqueous phase was adjusted to pH 10-12 by addition of aqueous 4N NaOH and extracted with DCM (1.5 L x 3). The organic extracts were washed with water (1.25 L x 2), dried and concentrated to give the title compound (540 g, 92%). ^-NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ ppm 0.85 (3H, d, J= 7.2 Hz), 0.98 (1H, dd, J= 12.9, 2.7 Hz), 1.30 – 1.18 (3H, m), 1.64 (2H, d, J= 12.3 Hz), 1.74 (2H, d, J= 1 1.7 Hz), 3.96 (1H, m), 5.00 (1H, d, J= 8.4 Hz), 6.24 (2H, br s), 7.35 (1H, dd, J= 6.6, 4.4 Hz), 7.58 (1H, s), 8.37 (1H, d, J= 4.8 Hz), 8.50 (1H, d, J= 6.6 Hz) ppm.
STEPD
Synthesis of 9-((lr,4r)-4-methylcyclohexyl)-9H- pyrido[4′,3′:4,5]pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2-amine. To a solution of 5-(3- fluoropyridin-4-yl)-N4-((lr,4r)-4-methylcyclohexyl)pyrimidine-2,4-diamine (854 g, 2.84 mol, 1.0 eq) in anhydrous 1 -methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (8 L) under N2 atmosphere at room temperature, was added LiHMDS (1.0 M in toluene, 8.5 L, 8.5 mol, 3.0 eq) over 30 minutes. Upon completion of the addition, the reaction mixture was heated at 90 °C overnight and monitored using LCMS. Upon completion, the reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, quenched with ice cold water (10 L) and extracted with EtOAc (12 L). The organic phase was washed with saturated aqueous NaHC03 (4 L x 2), and water (2 L x 3). The aqueous layers were combined and back extracted with EtOAc (15 L x 2). The organic layers were combined, dried over Na2SO/t, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The solid thus obtained was suspended in DCM (2.5 L) and agitated using a rotary evaporator for 30minutes. The solid was collected by filtration, washed with DCM and dried to afford the title compound (400 g). The mother liquor was purified by column chromatography (eluting with DCM/MeOH = 50: 1) to afford, after triturating with DCM (750 mL), additional title compound (277 g, total: 677 g, yield: 84%). ¾ NMR (300 MHz, CD3OD) δ ppm 1.02 (d, J= 6.3 Hz, 3H), 1.33-1.20 (m, 2H), 1.67-1.60 (m, 2H), 1.95-1.84 (m, 4H), 1.58-1.45 (m, 2H), 4.87-4.77 (m, 1H), 7.94 (d, J= 5.1 Hz, 1H), 8.31 (d, J= 5.1 Hz, 1H), 8.87 (s, 1H), 8.96 (s, 1H) ppm; MS m/z: 28
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COUPLER 1
Synthesis of tert-butyl 2-chloro-7,8-dihydro-l,6-naphthyridine-6(5H)-carboxylate. To a slurry of 2-chloro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-l,6-naphthyridine hydrochloride (106.1 g, 517 mmol, commercially available from D-L Chiral Chemicals, ST-0143) and N,N-diisopropylethylamine (80 g, 108 mL, 621 mmol, 1.2 eq) in DCM (1 L) was added a solution of di-tert-butyl dicarbonate (119 g, 543 mmol, 1.05 eq) in
DCM (100 mL) via an addition funnel within 1 hr. The reaction mixture became a clean solution and the solution thus obtained was stirred at room temperature for an additional hour and monitored using LCMS. Upon completion, the reaction mixture was concentrated. The residue was dissolved in EtOAc (1 L) and washed with water (3 x 300 mL), washed with brine (300 mL) and dried over MgSOzt. The solvent was evaporated under vacuum to give the title compound as an off- white solid (139 g, yield: 100%). lH NMR (400MHz ,CDC13) δ ppm 1.49 (9H, s), 2.97 (2H, t, J= 5.9 Hz), 3.73 (2H, t, J= 6.0 Hz), 4.57 (2H, s), 7.17 (1H, d, J= 8.0 Hz), 7.38 (1H, d, J= 8.0 Hz) ppm;
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STEP E
Synthesis of tert-butyl 2-((9-((lr,4r)-4-methylcyclohexyl)-9H- pyrido [4′,3 ‘ :4,5] pyrrolo [2,3-d] pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)-7,8-dihydro-l ,6- naphthyridine-6(5H)-carboxylate. To a solution of 9-((lr,4r)-4-methylcyclohexyl)- 9H-pyrido[4′,3’:4,5]pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2-amine (2.81 g, lO mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (45 mL) were added tert-butyl 2-chloro-7,8-dihydro-l,6-naphthyridine-6(5H)- carboxylate (2.57 g, 9.55 mmol), 4,5-bis(diphenylphosphino)-9,9-dimethylxanene (231 mg, 0.40 mmol), and sodium t-butoxide (1.44 g, 15 mmol). Argon was bubbled through the mixture for 10 minutes. Tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium (0)(183 mg, 0.20 mmol) was added, and argon was again bubbled through the mixture for 5 minutes. The reaction mixture thus obtained was stirred at 100 °C for 3 hours whereupon HPLC-MS analysis indicated that the reaction was complete. The reaction mixture was cooled to 40 °C and diluted with DCM (90 mL) and treated with Si- triamine (functionalized silica gel, from Silicycle, FR31017TR130B) (2.8 g) overnight at room temperature. Celite® brand filter aid 545 (6 g) was added, and the mixture was filtered with a sintered glass funnel and the solid phase was rinsed with DCM (100 mL). The filtrate was concentrated to 25 mL on a rotary evaporator and diluted with a mixture of EtOAc and hexane (20 mL, 4: 1). The resulting slurry was stirred at room temperature for 5 hours. The solid was collected by filtration, washed with a mixture of EtOAc and hexane (20 mL, 1 : 1) and air dried for a few hours to provide the title compound as an off-white solid (4.90 g, 100% yield). lH NMR (500 MHz, CD2C12) δ ppm 1.06 (3H, d, J= 6.4 Hz), 1.34 – 1.22 (2H, m), 1.48 (9H, s), 1.67 (1H, br. s), 2.02 – 1.93 (4H, m), 2.63 (2H, dq, J= 3.1, 12.8 Hz), 2.88 (2H, t, J= 5.7 Hz), 3.74 (2H, t, J= 6.0 Hz), 4.57 (2H, s), 7.51 (1H, d, J= 8.6 Hz), 7.85 (1H, d, J= 5.1 Hz), 8.10 (1H, br. s), 8.42 (1H, d, J= 8.3 Hz), 8.46 (1H, d, J= 4.9 Hz), 8.97 (1H, s), 9.10 (1H, s) ppm;
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STEP F
1
Synthesis of 9-((l r,4r)-4-methylcyclohexyl)-N-(5,6,7,8-tetrahydro- l,6-naphthyridin-2-yl)-9H-pyrido[4′,3′:4,5]pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2-amine (1).
To a suspension of tert-butyl 2-((9-((lr,4r)-4-methylcyclohexyl)-9H- pyrido[4′,3′:4,5]pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2-yl)amm^
6(5H)-carboxylate: 9-((lr,4r)-4-methylcyclohexyl)-9H-pyrido[4′,3′:4,5]pyrrolo[2,3- d]pyrimidin-2-amine (4.65 g, 9.05 mmol) in MeOH (30 mL) were added concentrated HC1 (6.74 mL) and water (14 mL). The mixture thus obtained was stirred at room temperature overnight. 50% NaOH in water (4.8 mL) was added at 0 °C to the reaction mixture to adjust the pH value to 9. The precipitated yellow solid was collected by filtration, rinsed with water (25 mL) and air dried for 3 days to give the title compound (3.75 g, 100%). lH NMR (400 MHz, CDC13) δ ppm 1.07 (3H, d, J= 6.5 Hz), 1.29 – 1.25 (3H, m), 2.00 – 1.95 (3H, m), 2.02 (2H, s), 2.69 – 2.53 (2H, m), 2.89 (2H, t, J= 6.0 Hz), 3.26 (2H, t, J= 6.0 Hz), 4.04 (2H, s), 4.71 (1H, m, J= 12.8, 12.8 Hz), 7.41 (1H, d, J= 8.4 Hz), 7.84 (1H, d, J= 6.1 Hz), 7.84 (1H, d, J= 6.1 Hz), 8.03 (1H, s), 8.34 (1H, d, J= 8.4 Hz), 8.50 (1H, d, J= 5.3 Hz), 8.96 (1H, s), 9.08 (1H, s) ppm; LCMS m/z: 414 (M+l).
http://www.google.com/patents/WO2012129344A1?cl=en
SECTION 2 BELOW
SYNTHESIS OF LABEL 5 FROM 1
Example 5. 2-Hydroxy-l-(2-((9-((lr,4r)-4-methylcyclohexyl)-9H- pyrido [4′,3 ‘ :4,5] pyrrolo [2,3-d] pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)-7,8-dihydro-l ,6- naphthyridin-6(5H)-yl)ethanone
LABEL 5 Synthesis of 2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-l-yl 2-acetoxyacetate.
A 3-neck round-bottom flask equipped with a mechanical stirrer, thermocouple and addition funnel with nitrogen inlet was charged with N-hydroxysuccinimide (commercially available from Sigma- Aldrich, St. Louis, MO) (21 1 g, 1.83 mol) and DCM (2.25 L) at room temperature, resulting in a suspension. Pyridine (178 mL, 2.2 mol) was added in one portion with no change in the internal temperature. A solution of acetoxyacetyl chloride (commercially available from Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO) (197 mL, 1.83 mol) in DCM (225 mL) was added dropwise over 60 minutes and the temperature rose to 35 °C. Stirring was continued at room temperature for 2.5 hours. The reaction mixture was washed with water (IxlL), IN HCl (2xlL) and brine (IxlL). The organic layer was concentrated under vacuum and azeotroped with toluene (IxlL) to obtain the product as a white solid (367 g, 93%). lH NMR (400MHz, CDC13) δ 4.96 (2H, s), 2.86 (4H s), 2.19 (3H, s) ppm; LCMS m/z: 238 (M+Na).
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STEP G
Synthesis of 2-(2-((9-((lr,4r)-4-methylcyclohexyl)-9H- pyrido [4′,3 ‘ :4,5] pyrrolo [2,3-d] pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)-7,8-dihydro-l ,6- naphthyridin-6(5H)-yl)-2-oxoethyl acetate.
To a suspension of 9-((lr,4r)-4- methylcyclohexyl)-N-(5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-l,6-naphthyridin-2-yl)-9H- pyrido[4′,3’:4,5]pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2-amine (1) (827 mg, 2.0 mmol) in chloroform (10 mL) were added diisopropylethylamine (258 mg, 348 uL, 2.0 mmol) and 2,5- dioxopyrrolidin- l-yl 2-acetoxyacetate (560 mg, 2.6 mmol). The reaction mixture thus obtained was stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes whereupon the mixture became a yellow solution. HPLC-MS analysis indicated that the reaction was complete. The reaction mixture was concentrated. MeOH (5 mL) and water (6 mL) were added to form a slurry which was stirred at room temperature for 1 hour. The solid was collected by filtration to give the title compound as a light yellow solid (1.04 g, 98% yield). lH NMR (400 MHz, CDC13, rotamers) δ ppm 1.08 (3H, d, J= 6.5 Hz), 1.37 – 1.20 (2H, m), 2.03 – 1.97 (4H, m), 2.22 (3H, s), 2.69 – 2.52 (2H, m, J= 2.9, 12.8, 12.8, 12.8 Hz), 3.08 – 2.93 (2H, m), 3.75 (1H, t, J= 5.9 Hz), 3.97 (1H, t, J= 5.6 Hz), 4.59 (1H, s), ), 4.80 – 4.65 (2H, m), ), 4.90 – 4.82 (2H, m), 7.57 – 7.45 (1H, m), 7.86 (1H, d, J= 5.7 Hz), 8.21 – 8.10 (1H, m), 8.49 – 8.40 (1H, m), 8.52 (1H, d, J= 5.3 Hz), 8.
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STEPH
LABEL 5
Synthesis of 2-hydroxy-l-(2-((9-((lr,4r)-4-methylcyclohexyl)-9H- pyrido [4′,3 ‘ :4,5] pyrrolo [2,3-d] pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)-7,8-dihydro-l ,6- naphthyridin-6(5H)-yl)ethanone (5).
To a solution of 2-(2-((9-((lr,4r)-4- methylcyclohexyl)-9H-pyrido[4′,3′:4,5]pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)-7,8- dihydro-l,6-naphthyridin-6(5H)-yl)-2-oxoethyl acetate (514 mg, 1.0 mmol) in DCM (7.5 mL) and MeOH (2.5 mL) was added 0.5 M sodium methoxide solution in MeOH (0.30 mL, 0.15 mmol), and the reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 hour and monitored using LCMS. Upon completion, the reaction mixture was concentrated. The residue was treated with EtOH (5 mL) and water (10 mL) to provide a solid which was collected by filtration, washed with water, and dried in a vacuum oven at 55 °C overnight to give the title compound (5) as a white solid (468 mg, 99% yield).
lH NMR (500 MHz, acetic acid-d4, 373 K) δ ppm 1.09 (3H, d, J= 6.5 Hz), 1.31-1.43 (2H, m), 1.70-1.80 (1H, m), 1.99-2.03 (2H, m), 2.06-2.13 (2H, m), 2.68 (2H, dq, J= 3.3, 12.7 Hz), 3.10 (2H, t, J= 5.4 Hz), 3.88 (2H, br. s.), 4.46 (2H, br. s.), 4.77 (2H, br. s), 4.90 (1H, tt, J= 3.9, 12.4 Hz), 7.76 (1H, d, J= 8.5 Hz), 8.33 (1H, d, J= 8.5 Hz), 8.40 (1H, d, J= 6.0 Hz), 8.63 (1H, d, J= 6.0 Hz), 9.35 (1H, s), 9.43 (1H, s) ppm; L
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STEP I
5 LABEL HCI Dihydrate
[0222] Synthesis of 2-hydroxy-l-(2-((9-((lr,4r)-4-methylcyclohexyl)-9H- pyrido [4′,3 ‘ :4,5] pyrrolo [2,3-d] pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)-7,8-dihydro-l ,6- naphthyridin-6(5H)-yl)ethanone monohydrochloride dihydrate. To a suspension of 2-hydroxy-l-(2-((9-((lr,4r)-4-methylcyclohexyl)-9H-pyrido[4′,3′:4,5]pyrrolo[2,3- d]pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)-7,8-dihydro-l,6-naphthyridin-6(5H)-yl)ethanone (472 mg, 1.0 mmol) in water (2 mL) was added 2 N HCI (2 mL). The mixture became a clear solution. The pH value of the solution was adjusted to 4 by addition of 2 N NaOH at 0 °C and the precipitated light yellow solid was collected by filtration. The collected solid was washed with cold water three times. The solid was dried under vacuum to give the title compound as a light yellow solid (469 mg, 92% yield).
¾ NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 1.02 (3H, d, J= 5.0 Hz), 1.20- 1.30 (2H, m), 1.64 (1H, m), 1.88-1.90 (4H, m), 2.59-2.66 (2H, m), 2.85-2.95 (2H, m), 3.71(1H, m), 3.83 (1H, m), 4.19-4.22 (2H, m), 4.60-4.67 (2H, m), 4.85 (1H, m), 7.75 (1H, d, J= 8.5 Hz), 8.19 (1H, d, J= 8.5 Hz), 8.55 (1H, d, J= 5.0 Hz), 8.63 (1H, d, J= 5.0 Hz), 9.47 (1H, s), 9.58 (1H, s), 10.59 (1H, br.s) ppm; LCMS m/z: 472 (M+l). Anal.
Calc: C = 57.40, H = 6.30, N = 18.02; Found: C = 57.06, H = 6.31, N = 17.92. [0223] Alternative Synthesis of Hydrochloride Salt of 2-Hydroxy-l-(2-((9-
((lr,4r)-4-methylcyclohexyl)-9H-pyrido[4′,3′:4,5]pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2- yl)amino)-7,8-dihydro-l,6-naphthyridin-6(5H)-yl)ethanone. To a suspension of 2- hydroxy- 1 -(2-((9-(( 1 r,4r)-4-methylcyclohexyl)-9H-pyrido [4′,3 ‘ :4,5]pyrrolo [2,3 – d]pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)-7,8-dihydro-l,6-naphthyridin-6(5H)-yl)ethanone (2.385 g, 5.0 mmol) in water (10 mL) was added 2N HC1 (10 mL) at 20°C. The mixture became a clear light yellow solution. The pH value of the solution was adjusted to 4 by addition of 2N NaOH through addition funnel at 0° C, and the precipitated yellow solid was collected by filtration. The resulting solid was washed with cold water three times. The solid was dried under vacuum at 50° C for two days to provide 2.49 g of the hydrochloride salt of 2-hydroxy-l-(2-((9-((lr,4r)-4-methylcyclohexyl)-9H- pyrido[4′,3’:4,5]pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)-7,8-dihydro-l,6-naphthyridin- 6(5H)-yl)ethanone as a solid. This salt was also obtained as a hydrate.
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http://www.google.com/patents/US20140163052
Example 5
2-Hydroxy-1-(2-((9-((1r,4r)-4-methylcyclohexyl)-9H-pyrido[4′,3′:4,5]pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)-7,8-dihydro-1,6-naphthyridin-6(5H)-yl)ethanone
Synthesis of 2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl 2-acetoxyacetate
A 3-neck round-bottom flask equipped with a mechanical stirrer, thermocouple and addition funnel with nitrogen inlet was charged with N-hydroxysuccinimide (commercially available from Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, Mo.) (211 g, 1.83 mol) and DCM (2.25 L) at room temperature, resulting in a suspension. Pyridine (178 mL, 2.2 mol) was added in one portion with no change in the internal temperature. A solution of acetoxyacetyl chloride (commercially available from Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, Mo.) (197 mL, 1.83 mol) in DCM (225 mL) was added dropwise over 60 minutes and the temperature rose to 35° C. Stirring was continued at room temperature for 2.5 hours. The reaction mixture was washed with water (1×1 L), 1N HCl (2×1 L) and brine (1×1 L). The organic layer was concentrated under vacuum and azeotroped with toluene (1×1 L) to obtain the product as a white solid (367 g, 93%). 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 4.96 (2H, s), 2.86 (4H, s), 2.19 (3H, s) ppm; LCMS m/z: 238 (M+Na).
Synthesis of 2-(2-((9-((1r,4r)-4-methylcyclohexyl)-9H-pyrido[4′,3′:4,5]pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)-7,8-dihydro-1,6-naphthyridin-6(5H)-yl)-2-oxoethyl acetate
To a suspension of 9-((1r,4r)-4-methylcyclohexyl)-N-(5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1,6-naphthyridin-2-yl)-9H-pyrido[4′,3′:4,5]pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2-amine (1) (827 mg, 2.0 mmol) in chloroform (10 mL) were added diisopropylethylamine (258 mg, 348 uL, 2.0 mmol) and 2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl 2-acetoxyacetate (560 mg, 2.6 mmol). The reaction mixture thus obtained was stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes whereupon the mixture became a yellow solution. HPLC-MS analysis indicated that the reaction was complete. The reaction mixture was concentrated. MeOH (5 mL) and water (6 mL) were added to form a slurry which was stirred at room temperature for 1 hour. The solid was collected by filtration to give the title compound as a light yellow solid (1.04 g, 98% yield). 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3, rotamers) δ ppm 1.08 (3H, d, J=6.5 Hz), 1.37-1.20 (2H, m), 2.03-1.97 (4H, m), 2.22 (3H, s), 2.69-2.52 (2H, m, J=2.9, 12.8, 12.8, 12.8 Hz), 3.08-2.93 (2H, m), 3.75 (1H, t, J=5.9 Hz), 3.97 (1H, t, J=5.6 Hz), 4.59 (1H, s),), 4.80-4.65 (2H, m),), 4.90-4.82 (2H, m), 7.57-7.45 (1H, m), 7.86 (1H, d, J=5.7 Hz), 8.21-8.10 (1H, m), 8.49-8.40 (1H, m), 8.52 (1H, d, J=5.3 Hz), 8.98 (1H, s), 9.11 (1H, s) ppm; LCMS m/z: 514 (M+1).
Synthesis of 2-hydroxy-1-(2-((9-((1r,4r)-4-methylcyclohexyl)-9H-pyrido[4′,3′:4,5]pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)-7,8-dihydro-1,6-naphthyridin-6(5H)-yl)ethanone (5)
To a solution of 2-(2-((9-((1r,4r)-4-methylcyclohexyl)-9H-pyrido[4′,3′:4,5]pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)-7,8-dihydro-1,6-naphthyridin-6(5H)-yl)-2-oxoethyl acetate (514 mg, 1.0 mmol) in DCM (7.5 mL) and MeOH (2.5 mL) was added 0.5 M sodium methoxide solution in MeOH (0.30 mL, 0.15 mmol), and the reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 hour and monitored using LCMS. Upon completion, the reaction mixture was concentrated. The residue was treated with EtOH (5 mL) and water (10 mL) to provide a solid which was collected by filtration, washed with water, and dried in a vacuum oven at 55° C. overnight to give the title compound (5) as a white solid (468 mg, 99% yield). 1H NMR (500 MHz, acetic acid-d4, 373 K) δ ppm 1.09 (3H, d, J=6.5 Hz), 1.31-1.43 (2H, m), 1.70-1.80 (1H, m), 1.99-2.03 (2H, m), 2.06-2.13 (2H, m), 2.68 (2H, dq, J=3.3, 12.7 Hz), 3.10 (2H, t, J=5.4 Hz), 3.88 (2H, br. s.), 4.46 (2H, br. s.), 4.77 (2H, br. s), 4.90 (1H, tt, J=3.9, 12.4 Hz), 7.76 (1H, d, J=8.5 Hz), 8.33 (1H, d, J=8.5 Hz), 8.40 (1H, d, J=6.0 Hz), 8.63 (1H, d, J=6.0 Hz), 9.35 (1H, s), 9.43 (1H, s) ppm; LCMS m/z: 472 (M+1).
Synthesis of 2-hydroxy-1-(2-((9-((1r,4r)-4-methylcyclohexyl)-9H-pyrido[4′,3′:4,5]pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)-7,8-dihydro-1,6-naphthyridin-6(5H)-yl)ethanone monohydrochloride dihydrate
To a suspension of 2-hydroxy-1-(2-((9-((1r,4r)-4-methylcyclohexyl)-9H-pyrido[4′,3′:4,5]pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)-7,8-dihydro-1,6-naphthyridin-6(5H)-yl)ethanone (472 mg, 1.0 mmol) in water (2 mL) was added 2 N HCl (2 mL). The mixture became a clear solution. The pH value of the solution was adjusted to 4 by addition of 2 N NaOH at 0° C. and the precipitated light yellow solid was collected by filtration. The collected solid was washed with cold water three times. The solid was dried under vacuum to give the title compound as a light yellow solid (469 mg, 92% yield). 1H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 1.02 (3H, d, J=5.0 Hz), 1.20-1.30 (2H, m), 1.64 (1H, m), 1.88-1.90 (4H, m), 2.59-2.66 (2H, m), 2.85-2.95 (2H, m), 3.71 (1H, m), 3.83 (1H, m), 4.19-4.22 (2H, m), 4.60-4.67 (2H, m), 4.85 (1H, m), 7.75 (1H, d, J=8.5 Hz), 8.19 (1H, d, J=8.5 Hz), 8.55 (1H, d, J=5.0 Hz), 8.63 (1H, d, J=5.0 Hz), 9.47 (1H, s), 9.58 (1H, s), 10.59 (1H, br.s) ppm; LCMS m/z: 472 (M+1). Anal. (C26H29N7O2—HCl.2H2O) Calc: C=57.40, H=6.30, N=18.02. Found: C=57.06, H=6.31, N=17.92.
Alternative Synthesis of Hydrochloride Salt of 2-Hydroxy-1-(2-((9-((1r,4r)-4-methylcyclohexyl)-9H-pyrido[4′,3′:4,5]pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2-yl) amino)-7,8-dihydro-1,6-naphthyridin-6(5H)-yl) ethanone
To a suspension of 2-hydroxy-1-(2-((9-((1r,4r)-4-methylcyclohexyl)-9H-pyrido[4′,3′:4,5]pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)-7,8-dihydro-1,6-naphthyridin-6(5H)-yl)ethanone (2.385 g, 5.0 mmol) in water (10 mL) was added 2N HCl (10 mL) at 20° C. The mixture became a clear light yellow solution. The pH value of the solution was adjusted to 4 by addition of 2N NaOH through addition funnel at 0° C., and the precipitated yellow solid was collected by filtration. The resulting solid was washed with cold water three times. The solid was dried under vacuum at 50° C. for two days to provide 2.49 g of the hydrochloride salt of 2-hydroxy-1-(2-((9-((1r,4r)-4-methylcyclohexyl)-9H-pyrido[4′,3′:4,5]pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)-7,8-dihydro-1,6-naphthyridin-6(5H)-yl)ethanone as a solid. This salt was also obtained as a hydrate.
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2-Hydroxy-1-(2-((9-((1r,4r)-4-methylcyclohexyl)-9H-pyrido[4′,3′:4,5]pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)-7,8-dihydro-1,6-naphthyridin-6(5H)-yl)ethanone (28)
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PAPER
OPRD
The development of a synthetic route to manufacture the drug candidate AMG 925 on kilogram scale is reported herein. The hydrochloride salt of AMG 925 was prepared in 23% overall yield over eight steps from commercially available raw materials, and more than 8 kg of the target molecule were delivered. The synthetic route features a Buchwald–Hartwig amination using BrettPhos as ligand and conducted to afford 12 kg of product in a single batch. In addition, this work highlights the challenges associated with the use of poorly soluble process intermediates in the manufacture of active pharmaceutical ingredients. Creative solutions had to be devised to conduct seemingly routine activities such as salt removal, pH adjustment, and heavy metal scavenging due to the low solubility of the process intermediates. Finally, a slurry-to-slurry amidation protocol was optimized to allow for successful scale-up.
Manufacture of 2-Hydroxy-1-(2-((9-((1R,4R)-4-methylcyclohexyl)-9H-pyrido[4′,3′:4,5]pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)-7,8-dihydro-1,6-naphthyridin-6(5H)-yl)ethanone (AMG 925)
AMG 925 was isolated in 91.5% yield (8.31 kg), 95.5% overall mass balance, 99.9 wt %, and 99.7 LCAP.
Mp 213–215 °C;
1H NMR (400 MHz, acetic acid-d4, mixture of two rotamers at 20 °C) 9.47–9.59 (m, 2H), 8.76 (d, 1H, J = 6 Hz), 8.55 (d, 1H, J = 6 Hz), 8.48 (d, 1H,J = 9 Hz), 7.79–7.92 (m, 1H), 4.95 (t, 1H, J = 12 Hz), 4.87 and 4.68 (2 singlets, 2H), 4.47–4.59 (m, 2H), 4.04 and 3.80 (2 triplets, 2H, J = 6 Hz), 3.03–3.17 (m, 2H), 2.65–2.82 (m, 2H), 1.96–2.15 (m, 4H), 1.77 (br s, 1H), 1.39 (q, 2H, J = 12 Hz), 1.09 (d, 3H, J = 7 Hz);
13C NMR (100 MHz, acetic acid-d4, mixture of two rotamers at 20 °C) 171.9, 171.8, 158.4, 157.8, 154.7, 149.0, 148.9, 141.6, 135.2, 132.9, 126.3, 124.1, 123.6, 117.7, 113.7, 113.6, 107.5, 107.4, 60.1, 59.9, 56.3, 43.7, 42.6, 40.5, 38.7, 34.0, 31.5, 29.8, 28.8, 28.1, 21.5.
Manufacture of 2-Hydroxy-1-(2-((9-((1R,4R)-4-methylcyclohexyl)-9H-pyrido[4′,3′:4,5]pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)-7,8-dihydro-1,6-naphthyridin-6(5H)-yl)ethanone Hydrochloride (AMG 925 HCl)
AMG 925 HCl was isolated in 92.5% yield (7.96 kg), 99.1% overall mass balance, 83.8 wt % AMG 925, 99.75 LCAP AMG 925, 6.2 wt % Cl, 9.6 wt % water, 3800 ppm AcOH, d10 4.0 μm, d50 15.2 μm, d90 38.8 μ, Vm 18.7 μm, BET surface area 1.5 m2/g.
1H NMR (400 MHz, acetic acid-d4, mixture of two rotamers at 20 °C) 9.63 (s, 1H), 9.56 (s, 1H), 8.71–8.76 (m, 1H), 8.60–8.66 (m, 1H), 8.20–8.29 (m, 1H), 7.90–7.98 (m, 1H), 4.90–5.01 (m, 1H), 4.86 and 4.70 (2 singlets, 2H), 4.53 and 4.51 (2 singlets, 2H), 4.05 and 3.82 (2 triplets, 2H, J = 6 Hz), 3.11–3.26 (m, 2H), 2.68 (q, 2H, J = 12 Hz), 1.95–2.13 (m, 4H), 1.74 (br s, 1H), 1.36 (q, 2H, J = 12 Hz), 1.06 (d, 3H, J = 8 Hz);
13C NMR (100 MHz, acetic acid-d4, mixture of two rotamers at 20 °C) 174.9, 174.8, 161.3, 161.2, 160.5, 157.5, 151.6, 151.5, 149.3, 148.9, 145.5, 138.1, 136.0, 129.3, 129.2, 127.1, 126.6, 120.9, 116.7, 116.6, 110.8, 110.7, 63.0, 62.9, 59.3, 46.4, 45.3, 43.2, 41.3, 36.9, 34.3, 32.6, 31.3, 30.6, 24.4; exact mass [C26H29N7O2 + H]+: calculated = 472.2461, measured = 472.2451.
References:
OFLOXACIN
OFLOXACIN
Molecular Formula: C18H20FN3O4; (Formula Weight: 361.37;
mp: 270-275°C;
Ofloxacin is one kind of white or almost powder or off-white solid.
The Systematic (IUPAC) name of this chemical is (RS)-7-fluoro-2-methyl-6-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-10-oxo-4-oxa-1-azatricyclo[7.3.1.05,13]trideca-5(13),6,8,11-tetraene-11-carboxylic acid
Apazix; Bactocin; Exocin; Flobacin; Floxal; Floxil; Floxin; Girasid; Monoflocet; Ocuflox; Oflocet; Oflocin; Oxaldin; Tarivid; Urosin; Visiren; Zanocin
DL-8280; HOE-280; Ofloxacinum
OFLOXACIN was developed as a broader-spectrum analog of norfloxacin, the first fluoroquinolone antibiotic, Ofloxacin was first patented in 1982 (European Patent Daiichi) and received U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval December 28, 1990. In the United States name branded ofloxacin is rarely used anymore, having been discontinued by the manufacturer (Ortho McNeil Janssen). Johnson and Johnson’s annual sales of Floxin in 2003 was approximately $30 million, where as their combined sales of Levaquin/Floxin exceeded $ 1.15 billion in the same year. During the 2008 Johnson & Johnson shareholder’s meetings, the safety of both ofloxacin and levafloxacin were called into question. During the 2009 meeting, yet another shareholder who alleges to have been crippled by these drugs, John Fratti, raised these same issues having seen no significant changes in the warnings (regarding the issues raised during the 2008 meeting). Once again a public request for stronger warnings for both ofloxacin and levofloxacin was made.
Ofloxacin is a synthetic antibiotic of the fluoroquinolone drug class considered to be a second-generation fluoroquinolone.[1][2]
Ofloxacin was first patented in 1982 (European Patent Daiichi) and received approval from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) on December 28, 1990. Ofloxacin is sold under a wide variety of brand names as well as generic drug equivalents, for oral and intravenous administration. Ofloxacin is also available for topical use, as eye drops and ear drops (marketed as Ocuflox and Floxin Otic respectively in the United States and marketed as Optiflox, eylox respectively in Jordan and Saudi Arabia[3]).
Ofloxacin is a racemic mixture, which consists of 50% levofloxacin (the biologically active component) and 50% of its “mirror image” or enantiomer dextrofloxacin.[4]
Ofloxacin has been associated with adverse drug reactions, such as tendon damage (including spontaneous tendon ruptures) and peripheral neuropathy (which may be irreversible); tendon damange may manifest long after therapy had been completed, and, in severe cases, may result in lifelong disabilities.[5]
History
Ofloxacin was developed as a broader-spectrum analog of norfloxacin, the first fluoroquinolone antibiotic,[6] Ofloxacin was first patented in 1982 (European Patent Daiichi) and received U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval December 28, 1990.
In the United States name branded ofloxacin is rarely used anymore, having been discontinued by the manufacturer, Ortho-McNeil-Janssen, a subsidiary of Johnson & Johnson.[7] Johnson and Johnson’s annual sales of Floxin in 2003 was approximately $30 million, whereas their combined sales of Levaquin/Floxin exceeded $1.15 billion in the same year.[8][9] However generic use continues. The FDA website lists Floxin (Ortho McNeil Jannsen) as being discontinued, with just a few generic equivalents still in use. The otic solution continues to be listed as being available both as an original drug as well as a generic equivalent.
Medical uses
In the in the U.S. ofloxacin is approved for the treatment of bacterial infections such as:
- Acute bacterial exacerbations of chronic bronchitis
- Community-acquired pneumonia
- Uncomplicated skin and skin structure infections
- Nongonococcal urethritis and cervicitis
- Uncomplicated cystitis
- Complicated urinary tract infections
- Acute, uncomplicated urethral and cervical gonorrhea.
Ofloxacin has not been shown to be effective in the treatment of syphilis.[10] Floxin is no longer considered a first line treatment for gonnorrhea due to bacterial resistance.[11][12][13]
Available forms
Ofloxacin for systemic use is available as tablet (multiple strengths), oral solution (250 mg/mL), and injectable solution (multiple strengths). It is also used as eye drops and ear drops. It is also available in combination with ornidazole.
Mode of action
Ofloxacin is a broad-spectrum antibiotic that is active against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. It functions by inhibiting DNA gyrase, a type II topoisomerase, and topoisomerase IV,[14] which is an enzyme necessary to separate (mostly in prokaryotes, in bacteria in particular) replicated DNA, thereby inhibiting bacterial cell division.
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EP0047005
US4382892 Doi: 10.1248/cpb.34.4098
Doi: 10.1248/cpb.35.1896
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doi: 10.1248/cpb.34.4098
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http://www.google.com/patents/EP0271275A1?cl=en
Reference example
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By using 2,4,4-trimethylcyclopentyl acid as a starting material, ethyl 9,l0-difluoro-3-methyl-7-oxo-2,3-dihydro-7H-pyrido[l,2,3-de] [l,4]benzoxazine-6-carboxylate (IV) which is an important intermediate for synthesis of an antibacterial agent, ofloxacin (9-fluoro-3-methyl-l0-(4-methyl-l-piperazinyl)-7-oxo-2,3-dihydro-7H-pyrido[l,2,3-de][l,4]benzoxazine-6-carboxylic acid) was synthesized following the reaction schemes shown below.
[Step 1]
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To l2.6 g (0.066 mole) of 2,4,4-trimethylcyclopentyl acid was added 40 ml of acetic anhydride, and the mixture was stirred for l5 hours under reflux. The reaction mixture was poured into ice-cold water, and then extracted with chloroform. The chloroform layer was washed with water, condensed under reduced pressure and the residue was washed with n-hexane to give 6.l0 g of 3-acetoxy-2,4,5-trifluorobenzoic acid (V) as colorless powder.Mass (CI): m/e 235 (M⁺ + l), 2l7 (M⁺ – OH), l75 (M⁺ – CH₃COO)
[Steps 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6]
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In 200 ml of benzene was dissolved 6.l0 g (0.026 mole) of 3-acetoxy-2,4,5-trifluorobenzoic acid (V), and to the solution was added l5 ml of thionyl chloride and stirred for 4 hours under reflux. After completion of the reaction, benzene and excess thionyl chloride were completely distilled off under reduced pressure to give 3-acetoxy-2,4,5-trifluorobenzoyl chloride (VI).
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On the other hand, to l00 ml of anhydrous diethyl ether were added 3.l7 g (0.028 mole) of magnesium ethoxide and 4.30 g (0.027 mole) of diethyl malonate and refluxed for 3 hours to give a suspension of ethoxymagnesium malonic diethyl ester in diethylether. To the suspension was added dropwise a solution of the above acid chloride dissolved in 50 ml of anhyrous diethyl ether, and after completion of the dropwise addition, the mixture was further stirred for an hour at room temperature. After completion of the reaction, l N hydrochloric acid was added to the mixture to made it acidic, and the mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic layer was washed with water and dried, and then the solvent was distilled under reduced pressure to give l0.39 g of diethyl 3-acetoxy-2,4,5-trifluorobenzoylmalonate (VII) as yellowish oily product.
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Then, the yellowish oily product was dissolved in l20 ml of dioxane and 4.90 g (0.026 mole) of p-toluenesulfonic acid monohydrate was added to the mixture and refluxed for l5 hours. After completion of the reaction, dioxane was distilled under reduced pressure. To the residue were added l00 ml of water and 2.l5 g (0.026 mole) of sodium hydrogen carbonate and the mixture was extracted with chloroform. The chloroform layer was washed with water, dried and then distilled under reduced pressure to give 7.64 g of ethyl 3-acetoxy-2,4,5-trifluorobenzoylacetate (VIII) as reddish oily product.
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To 7.64 g (0.025 mole) of the ethyl 3-acetoxy-2,4,5-trifluorobenzoylacetate (VIII) thus obtained were added 20 ml of acetic anhydride and 6 ml of ortho-ethyl formate and the mixture was refluxed for 2 hours and then condensed under reduced pressure. The residue was dissolved in 50 ml of dichloromethane, added l.9l g (0.026 mole) of DL-2-aminopropanol and allowed to stand over night. Dichloromethane was distilled under reduced pressure and the residue was applied to silica gel column chromatography (solvent: mixture of toluene : ethyl acetate = l : l) to give 4.37 g of ethyl-2-(3-acetoxy-2,4,5-trifluorobenzoyl)-3-(2-hydroxy-l-methylethyl)aminoacrylate (X) as pale yellow oily product.Mass: m/e 389 (M⁺), 358 (M⁺ – CH₂OH), 43 (+
CH₃)
[Step 7]
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In 30 ml of dimethylformamide was dissolved 4.30 g of the ethyl-2-(3-acetoxy-2,4,5-trifluorobenzoyl)-3-(2-hydroxy-l-methylethyl)aminoacrylate (X) thus obtained and l.92 g (0.033 mole) of potassium fluoride was added to the mixture and the mixture was stirred at l40 to l50 °C for 2 hours. After completion of the reaction, the solvent was distilled under reduced pressure. To the residue was added water and the mixture was extracted with dichloromethane, and the organic layer was washed with water, dried and then condensed under reduced pressure. Then, the residue was washed with ethanol, and the residue was recrystallized from acetone to give l.40 g of ethyl-9,l0-difluoro-3-methyl-7-oxo-2,3-dihydro-7H-pyrido[l,2,3-de][l,4]benzoxazine-6-carboxylate (IV) as pale brown fine needle crystals.M.p.: 255 to 256 °C
Elemental analysis (%): as C₁₅H₁₃F₂NO₄
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According to the present invention, a novel compound 2,4,4-trimethylcyclopentyl acid useful as the synthetic intermediate for quinolone carboxylic acid derivatives which is useful as antibacterial agents can be provided, and the preparation steps of said quinolone carboxylic acid derivatives can be shortened to a great extent by use of said compound.
1H NMR PREDICT
13 C NMR PREDICT
(1) 2,3,4-trifluoronitrobenzene as the starting material by selective alkaline hydrolysis, etherification, restore, and C2H5OCH=C(COOEt)2 or (CH3)2NCH=C (COOEt)2 condensation ringaggregate, after hydrolysis with acetic acid boron role, and then the introduction of N-methyl-piperazine-derived products.
(2) Phthalimide derivative as a raw material generated by fluorination tetrafluorophthalic phthalimide, hydrolysis, decarboxylation of 2,3,4,5-tetrafluoro-benzoic acid, and then chlorinated, acylatingdecarboxylated 2,3,4,5-tetrafluorobenzoyl ethyl acetate, and then the first and of triethyl orthoformate, and after 2-aminopropanol reaction, and then cyclization generated pyridine [1,2,3-de] [1,4] benzo Hey triazine derivatives, and finally reaction of ofloxacin and piperazine.
……………….
| Studies on NMR Behavior of Ofloxacin in Different pH Environment |
| QI Jian1, GAO Xiu-Xiang1, ZHAO Mei-Xian2, XIANG Jun-Feng3, LIN Chong-Xi1*, XU Yi-Zhuang1*, WU Jin-Guang1 |
|
http://www.cjcu.jlu.edu.cn/EN/Y2007/V28/I5/913#
Download: PDF (403 KB)
Systematic NMR spectroscopic investigation on ofloxacin in both acidic and alkaline solutions was carried out via 1H, 13C NMR, DEPT, COSY, HSQC spectra together with HMBC techniques. Complete assignment on 1H and 13C NMR of ofloxacin was obtained in different pH environments where the coupling constant between 13C and 19F was found to be very helpful for the assignment of aromatic 13C NMR signals. Additionally, the chemical shifts of 1H from the complex spin systems such as AA’BB’ were obtained using HSQC technique. Comparisons were made among the NMR spectra in acidic solution and those in alkaline solution, which demonstrate that: (1) deprivation of H+ from COOH in alkaline solution destroys the hydrogen bond between COOH and carbonyl group in ofloxacin. This brings about the redistribution of π elelctrons around the carboxyl and carbonyl groups so that significant variations of 13C NMR chemical shift and coupling constant JFC are observed. (2) In the alkaline solution, the removal of proton from N4 in piperazine ring induces considerable variation of chemical shift of methylene groups and causes remarkable changes of dynamic behavior of the piperazine ring.
| QI Jian, GAO Xiu-Xiang1, ZHAO Mei-Xian2 et al. Studies on NMR Behavior of Ofloxacin in Different pH Environment[J]. Chemical Journal of Chinese Universities, 2007, 28(5): 913-917. |
| URL: |
| http://www.cjcu.jlu.edu.cn/EN/ OR http://www.cjcu.jlu.edu.cn/EN/Y2007/V28/I5/913 |
References
- 1 Nelson, JM.; Chiller, TM.; Powers, JH.; Angulo, FJ. (Apr 2007). “Fluoroquinolone-resistant Campylobacter species and the withdrawal of fluoroquinolones from use in poultry: a public health success story”. Clin Infect Dis 44 (7): 977–80. doi:10.1086/512369. PMID 17342653.
- 2
- Kawahara, S. (December 1998). “[Chemotherapeutic agents under study]”. Nippon Rinsho 56 (12): 3096–9. PMID 9883617.
- 3
- http://www.jfda.jo/
- 4
- http://www.wvnd.uscourts.gov/Opinions/orthoorder.pdf
- 5
- Clodagh Sheehy (August 2, 2008). “Warning over two types of antibiotic”. Republic of Ireland. Retrieved July 17, 2009.
- 6
- Mark B. Abelson, MD; Stephen J. Hallas (April 15, 2003). “The New Antibiotics: The Path of Least Resistance”. Review of Ophthalmology. Retrieved October 3, 2009.
- 7
- Douglas C. Throckmorton (May 19, 2009). “Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corp. et al.; Withdrawal of Approval of 92 New Drug Applications and 49 Abbreviated New Drug Applications”. Trading Markets.
see also FDA docket number FDA-2009-N-0211
- 8
- Business Wire (September 2, 2003). “Teva Announces Approval of Ofloxacin Tablets, 200 mg, 300 mg, and 400 mg”. Business Wire.
- 9
- Johnson & Johnson (2003). “Building on a foundation of health” (PDF). Shareholder.
- 10
- Ortho-McNeil-Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Inc (2008). “FLOXIN Tablets (Ofloxacin Tablets)” (PDF). USA: FDA.
External links
- Ofloxacin: an overview – A site with its chemical properties and alternate brand names.
- U.S. National Library of Medicine: Drug Information Portal – Ofloxacin
- Package insert links
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Title: Ofloxacin
CAS Registry Number: 82419-36-1
CAS Name: 9-Fluoro-2,3-dihydro-3-methyl-10-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-7-oxo-7H-pyrido[1,2,3-de]-1,4-benzoxazine-6-carboxylic acid
Additional Names: ofloxacine
Manufacturers’ Codes: DL-8280; HOE-280
Trademarks: Exocin (Allergan); Flobacin (Sigma-Tau); Floxil (Janssen-Cilag); Floxin (Ortho-McNeil); Monoflocet (Aventis); Ocuflox (Allergan); Oflocet (Aventis); Oflocin (GSK); Tarivid (Aventis)
Molecular Formula: C18H20FN3O4
Molecular Weight: 361.37
Percent Composition: C 59.83%, H 5.58%, F 5.26%, N 11.63%, O 17.71%
Literature References: Broad spectrum, fluorinated quinolone antibacterial. Prepn: I. Hayakawa et al., EP 47005; eidem, US4382892 (1982, 1983 both to Daiichi). Total synthesis: H. Egawa et al., Chem. Pharm. Bull. 34, 4098 (1986). Synthesis and activity of optical isomers: S. Atarashi et al., ibid. 35, 1896 (1987). Antibacterial spectrum of racemate: K. Sato et al., Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 22, 548 (1982). Mechanism of differential activity of enantiomers: I. Morrissey et al., ibid. 40, 1775 (1996). Toxicity data: H. Ohno et al., Chemotherapy (Tokyo) 32, Suppl. 1, 1084 (1984). Pharmacology and clinical efficacy: Infection 14,Suppl. 1, S1-S109 (1986). Symposium on pharmacokinetics and therapeutic use: Scand. J. Infect. Dis. Suppl. 68, 1-69 (1990). Review of antibacterial spectrum, pharmacology, and clinical efficacy: J. P. Monk, D. M. Campoli-Richards, Drugs 33, 346-391 (1987); of mechanism of action: K. Drlica, Curr. Opin. Microbiol. 2, 504-508 (1999).
Properties: Colorless needles from ethanol, mp 250-257° (dec). LD50 in male, female mice, male, female rats (mg/kg): 5450, 5290, 3590, 3750 orally; 208, 233, 273, 276 i.v.; >10000, >10000, 7070, 9000 s.c. (Ohno).
Melting point: mp 250-257° (dec)
Toxicity data: LD50 in male, female mice, male, female rats (mg/kg): 5450, 5290, 3590, 3750 orally; 208, 233, 273, 276 i.v.; >10000, >10000, 7070, 9000 s.c. (Ohno)
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.
.
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Derivative Type: S-(-)-Form
CAS Registry Number: 100986-85-4; 138199-71-0 (hemihydrate)
Additional Names: Levofloxacin
Manufacturers’ Codes: DR-3355
Trademarks: Cravit (Daiichi); Levaquin (Ortho-McNeil); Tavanic (Aventis); Quixin (Santen)
Literature References: Toxicity study: M. Kato et al., Arzneim.-Forsch. 42, 365 (1992). Series of articles on pharmacology and toxicology: ibid., 368-418. Clinical study in bacterial conjunctivitis: D. G. Hwang et al., Br. J. Ophthalmol. 87, 1004 (2003).Review: D. S. North et al., Pharmacotherapy 18, 915-935 (1998).
Properties: Prepd as the hemihydrate; needles from ethanol + ethyl ether, mp 225-227° (dec). [a]D23 -76.9° (c = 0.385 in 0.5NNaOH). Freely sol in glacial acetic acid, chloroform; sparingly sol in water. LD50 in male, female mice, male, female rats (mg/kg): 1881, 1803, 1478, 1507 orally (Kato).
Melting point: mp 225-227° (dec)
Optical Rotation: [a]D23 -76.9° (c = 0.385 in 0.5N NaOH)
Toxicity data: Freely sol in glacial acetic acid, chloroform; sparingly sol in water. LD50 in male, female mice, male, female rats (mg/kg): 1881, 1803, 1478, 1507 orally (Kato)
Therap-Cat: Antibacterial.
Keywords: Antibacterial (Synthetic); Quinolones and Analogs.
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| Systematic (IUPAC) name | |
|---|---|
| (RS)-7-fluoro-2-methyl-6-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-10-oxo-4-oxa-1-azatricyclo[7.3.1.05,13]trideca-5(13),6,8,11-tetraene-11-carboxylic acid | |
| Clinical data | |
| Trade names | Floxin, Ocuflox |
| AHFS/Drugs.com | monograph |
| MedlinePlus | a691005 |
|
|
| Legal status | |
| Routes | Oral, IV, topical (eye drops and ear drops) |
| Pharmacokinetic data | |
| Bioavailability | 85% – 95% |
| Protein binding | 32% |
| Half-life | 8–9 hours |
| Identifiers | |
| CAS number | 82419-36-1  |
| ATC code | J01MA01 ,S01AE01, S02AA16 |
| PubChem | CID 4583 |
| DrugBank | DB01165 |
| ChemSpider | 4422 |
| UNII | A4P49JAZ9H |
| KEGG | D00453 |
| ChEBI | CHEBI:7731 |
| ChEMBL | CHEMBL4 |
| Synonyms | (±)-9-fluoro-2,3-dihydro-3-methyl-10-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-7-oxo-7H-pyrido[1,2,3-de][1,4]benzoxazine-6-carboxylic acid |
| Chemical data | |
| Formula | C18H20FN3O4 |
| Molecular mass | 361.368 g/mol |
New information about CEPs and inspections published by EDQM….see about Telangana, India
The European Directorate for the Quality of Medicines & Healthcare (EDQM) has published new information about the CEP procedure and its related inspections. Please read more about he latest updates from EDQM.
The European Directorate for the Quality of Medicines & Healthcare (EDQM) has published new information about the CEP procedure and its related inspections.
1) Costs of inspections
The EDQM has published a new document which describes the inspection costs. The EDQM document PA/PH/CEP (12) 28 1R refers to a table of fees and inspection costs. The costs for the inspection as well as for the travel will be invoiced prior to the inspection. For a three day inspection, for example, the fee is 5000,- Euro. If the facility is located in Asia a flat rate of 6000,- Euro will be charged to cover the travel costs, food and accommodation for the inspector. The travel costs are less…
View original post 118 more words
Burixafor 布利沙福
Burixafor is a potent and selective chemokine CXCR4 antagonist developed by TaiGen Biotechnology (www.taigenbiotech.com.tw).
The SDF1/CXCR4 pathway plays key roles in homing and mobilization of hematopoietic stem cells and endothelial progenitor cells. In a mouse model, burixafor efficiently mobilizes stem cells (CD34+) and endothelial progenitor cells (CD133+) from bone marrow into peripheral circulation. It can be used in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, chemotherapy sensitization and other ischemic diseases.
Because TaiGen has filed an IND (CXHL1200371) for burixafor as a chemotherapy sensitizer in October 2012, the new application (CXHL1400844) may supplement a new indication. Phase II clinical trials (NCT02104427) are currently underway in the US, with Phase IIa (NCT01018979, NCT01458288) already completed.
TaiGen plans to initiate clinical trials of burixafor as a chemotherapy sensitizer in China shortly. Burixafor’s annual sales are estimated at $1.1 billion by consultancy company JSB. This compound is protected by patent WO2009131598.
英文名称Burixafor
TG-0054
(2-{4-[6-amino-2-({[(1r,4r)-4-({[3-(cyclohexylamino)propyl]amino}methyl)cyclohexyl]methyl}amino)pyrimidin-4-yl]piperazin-1-yl}ethyl)phosphonic acid
[2-[4-[6-Amino-2-[[[trans-4-[[[3-(cyclohexylamino)propyl]amino]methyl]cyclohexyl]methyl]amino]pyrimidin-4-yl]piperazin-1-yl]ethyl]phosphonic acid
1191448-17-5
C27H51N8O3P, 566.7194
chemokine CXCR 4 receptor antagonist;
| Taigen Biotechnology Co., Ltd. |
ScinoPharm to Provide Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient to F*TaiGen for Novel Stem Cell Drug
MarketWatch
The drug has received a Clinical Trial Application from China’s FDA for the initiation of … In addition, six products have entered Phase III clinical trials.
read at
TAINAN, June 8, 2014 — ScinoPharm Taiwan, Ltd. (twse:1789) specializing in the development and manufacture of active pharmaceutical ingredients, and TaiGen Biotechnology (4157.TW; F*TaiGen) jointly announced today the signing of a manufacturing contract for the clinical supply of the API of Burixafor, a new chemical entity discovered and developed by TaiGen. The API will be manufactured in ScinoPharm’s plant in Changshu, China. This cooperation not only demonstrates Taiwan’s international competitive strength in new drug development, but also sees the beginning of a domestic pharmaceutical specialization and cooperation mechanisms, thus establishing a groundbreaking milestone for Taiwan’s pharmaceutical industry.
Dr. Jo Shen, President and CEO of ScinoPharm said, “This cooperation with TaiGen is of representative significance in the domestic pharmaceutical companies’ upstream and downstream cooperation and self-development of new drugs, and indicates the Taiwanese pharmaceutical industry’s cumulative research and development momentum is paving the way forward.” Dr. Jo Shen emphasized, “ScinoPharm’s Changshu Plant provides high-quality API R&D and manufacturing services through its fast, flexible, reliable competitive advantages, effectively assisting clients of new drugs in gaining entry into China, Europe, the United States, and other international markets.”
According to Dr. Ming-Chu Hsu, Chairman and CEO of TaiGen, “R&D is the foundation of the pharmaceutical industry. Once a drug is successfully developed, players at all levels of the value chain could reap the benefit. Burixafor is a 100% in-house developed product that can be used in the treatment of various intractable diseases. The cooperation between TaiGen and ScinoPharm will not only be a win-win for both sides, but will also provide high-quality novel dug for patients from around the world.”
Burixafor is a novel stem cell mobilizer that can efficiently mobilize bone marrow stem cells and tissue precursor cells to the peripheral blood. It can be used in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, chemotherapy sensitization and other ischemic diseases. The results of the ongoing Phase II clinical trial in the United States are very impressive. The drug has received a Clinical Trial Application from China’s FDA for the initiation of a Phase II clinical trial in chemotherapy sensitization under the 1.1 category. According to the pharmaceutical consultancy company JSB, with only stem cell transplant and chemotherapy sensitizer as the indicator, Burixafor’s annual sales are estimated at USD1.1 billion.
ScinoPharm currently has accepted over 80 new drug API process research and development plans, of which five new drugs have been launched in the market. In addition, six products have entered Phase III clinical trials. Through the Changshu Plant’s operation in line with the latest international cGMP plant equipment and quality management standards, the company provides customers with one stop shopping services in professional R&D, manufacturing, and outsourcing, thereby shortening the customer development cycle of customers’ products and accelerating the launch of new products to the market.
TaiGen’s focus is on the research and development of novel drugs. Besides Burixafor, the products also include anti-infective, Taigexyn®, and an anti-hepatitis C drug, TG-2349. Taigexyn® is the first in-house developed novel drug that received new drug application approval from Taiwan’s FDA. TG-2349 is intended for the 160 million global patients with hepatitis C with huge market potential. TaiGen hopes to file one IND with the US FDA every 3-4 years to expand TaiGen’s product line.
About ScinoPharm
ScinoPharm Taiwan, Ltd. is a leading process R&D and API manufacturing service provider to the global pharmaceutical industry. With research and manufacturing facilities in both Taiwan and China, ScinoPharm offers a wide portfolio of services ranging from custom synthesis for early phase pharmaceutical activities to contract services for brand companies as well as APIs for the generic industry. For more information, please visit the Company’s website at http://www.scinopharm.com
About TaiGen Biotechnology
TaiGen Biotechnology is a leading research-based and product-driven biotechnology company in Taiwan with a wholly-owned subsidiary in Beijing, China. The company’s first product, Taigexyn®, have already received NDA approval from Taiwan’s FDA. In addition to Taigexyn®, TaiGen has two other in-house discovered NCEs in clinical development under IND with US FDA: TG-0054, a chemokine receptor antagonist for stem cell transplantation and chemosensitization, in Phase 2 and TG-2349, a HCV protease inhibitor for treatment of chronic hepatitis infection, in Phase 2. Both TG-0054 and TG-2349 are currently in clinical trials in patients in the US.
SOURCE ScinoPharm Taiwan Ltd.
TG-0054 is a potent and selective chemokine CXCR4 (SDF-1) antagonist in phase II clinical studies at TaiGen Biotechnology for use in stem cell transplantation in cancer patients. Specifically, the compound is being developed for the treatment of stem cell transplantation in multiple myeloma, non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, Hodgkin’s lymphoma and myocardial ischemia.
Preclinical studies had also been undertaken for the treatment of diabetic retinopathy, critical limb ischemia (CLI) and age-related macular degeneration. In a mouse model, TG-0054 efficiently mobilizes stem cells (CD34+) and endothelial progenitor cells (CD133+) from bone marrow into peripheral circulation.
BACKGROUND
Chemokines are a family of cytokines that regulate the adhesion and transendothelial migration of leukocytes during an immune or inflammatory reaction (Mackay C.R., Nat. Immunol, 2001, 2:95; Olson et al, Am. J. Physiol. Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol, 2002, 283 :R7). Chemokines also regulate T cells and B cells trafficking and homing, and contribute to the development of lymphopoietic and hematopoietic systems (Ajuebor et al, Biochem. Pharmacol, 2002, 63:1191). Approximately 50 chemokines have been identified in humans. They can be classified into 4 subfamilies, i.e., CXC, CX3C, CC, and C chemokines, based on the positions of the conserved cysteine residues at the N-terminal (Onuffer et al, Trends Pharmacol ScI, 2002, 23:459). The biological functions of chemokines are mediated by their binding and activation of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) on the cell surface.
Stromal-derived factor- 1 (SDF-I) is a member of CXC chemokines. It is originally cloned from bone marrow stromal cell lines and found to act as a growth factor for progenitor B cells (Nishikawa et al, Eur. J. Immunol, 1988, 18:1767). SDF-I plays key roles in homing and mobilization of hematopoietic stem cells and endothelial progenitor cells (Bleul et al, J. Exp. Med., 1996, 184:1101; and Gazzit et al, Stem Cells, 2004, 22:65-73). The physiological function of SDF-I is mediated by CXCR4 receptor. Mice lacking SDF-I or CXCR4 receptor show lethal abnormality in bone marrow myelopoiesis, B cell lymphopoiesis, and cerebellar development (Nagasawa et al, Nature, 1996, 382:635; Ma et al, Proc. Natl. Acad. ScI, 1998, 95:9448; Zou et al, Nature, 1998, 393:595; Lu et al, Proc. Natl. Acad. ScI, 2002, 99:7090). CXCR4 receptor is expressed broadly in a variety of tissues, particularly in immune and central nervous systems, and has been described as the major co-receptor for HIV- 1/2 on T lymphocytes. Although initial interest in CXCR4 antagonism focused on its potential application to AIDS treatment (Bleul et al, Nature, 1996, 382:829), it is now becoming clear that CXCR4 receptor and SDF-I are also involved in other pathological conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis, asthma, and tumor metastases (Buckley et al., J. Immunol., 2000, 165:3423). Recently, it has been reported that a CXCR4 antagonist and an anticancer drug act synergistically in inhibiting cancer such as acute promuelocutic leukemia (Liesveld et al., Leukemia
Research 2007, 31 : 1553). Further, the CXCR4/SDF-1 pathway has been shown to be critically involved in the regeneration of several tissue injury models. Specifically, it has been found that the SDF-I level is elevated at an injured site and CXCR4-positive cells actively participate in the tissue regenerating process.
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http://www.google.com/patents/WO2009131598A1?cl=en
Compound 52
Example 1 : Preparation of Compounds 1
1-1 1-Ii 1-m
^ ^–\\ Λ xCUNN H ‘ ‘22.. P rdu/’C^ ^. , Λ>\V>v
Et3N, TFAA , H_, r [ Y I RRaanneeyy–NNiicckkeell u H f [ Y | NH2
CH2CI2, -10 0C Boc^ ‘NNA/ 11,,44–ddιιooxxaannee B Boocer”1^”–^^ LiOH, H2O, 50 0C
1-IV 1-V
Water (10.0 L) and (BoC)2O (3.33 kgg, 15.3 mol) were added to a solution of trans-4-aminomethyl-cyclohexanecarboxylic acid (compound 1-1, 2.0 kg, 12.7 mol) and sodium bicarbonate (2.67 kg, 31.8 mol). The reaction mixture was stirred at ambient temperature for 18 hours. The aqueous layer was acidified with concentrated hydrochloric acid (2.95 L, pH = 2) and then filtered. The resultant solid was collected, washed three times with water (15 L), and dried in a hot box (60 0C) to give trα/?5-4-(tert-butoxycarbonylamino-methyl)-cyclo-hexanecarboxylic acid (Compound l-II, 3.17 kg, 97%) as a white solid. Rf = 0.58 (EtOAc). LC-MS m/e 280 (M+Na+). 1H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3) δ 4.58 (brs, IH), 2.98 (t, J= 6.3 Hz, 2H), 2.25 (td, J = 12, 3.3 Hz, IH), 2.04 (d, J= 11.1 Hz, 2H), 1.83 (d, J= 11.1 Hz, 2H), 1.44 (s, 9H), 1.35-1.50 (m, 3H), 0.89-1.03 (m, 2H). 13C NMR (75 MHz, CDCl3) δ 181.31, 156.08, 79.12, 46.41, 42.99, 37.57, 29.47, 28.29, 27.96. M.p. 134.8-135.0 0C. A suspension of compound l-II (1.0 kg, 3.89 mol) in THF (5 L) was cooled at
-10 0C and triethyl amine (1.076 L, 7.78 mol) and ethyl chloroformate (0.441 L, 4.47 mol) were added below -10 0C. The reaction mixture was stirred at ambient temperature for 3 hours. The reaction mixture was then cooled at -100C again and NH4OH (3.6 L, 23.34 mol) was added below -10 0C. The reaction mixture was stirred at ambient temperature for 18 hours and filtered. The solid was collected and washed three times with water (10 L) and dried in a hot box (6O0C) to give trans-4- (tert-butoxycarbonyl-amino-methyl)-cyclohexanecarboxylic acid amide (Compound l-III, 0.8 kg, 80%) as a white solid. Rf= 0.23 (EtOAc). LC-MS m/e 279, M+Na+. 1H NMR (300 MHz, CD3OD) δ 6.63 (brs, IH), 2.89 (t, J= 6.3 Hz, 2H), 2.16 (td, J = 12.2, 3.3 Hz, IH), 1.80-1.89 (m, 4H), 1.43 (s, 9H), 1.37-1.51 (m, 3H), 0.90-1.05 (m, 2H). 13C NMR (75 MHz, CD3OD) δ 182.26, 158.85, 79.97, 47.65, 46.02, 39.28, 31.11, 30.41, 28.93. M.p. 221.6-222.0 0C.
A suspension of compound l-III (1.2 kg, 4.68 mol) in CH2Cl2 (8 L) was cooled at -1O0C and triethyl amine (1.3 L, 9.36 mol) and trifluoroacetic anhydride (0.717 L, 5.16 mol) were added below -10 0C. The reaction mixture was stirred for 3 hours. After water (2.0 L) was added, the organic layer was separated and washed with water (3.0 L) twice. The organic layer was then passed through silica gel and concentrated. The resultant oil was crystallized by methylene chloride. The crystals were washed with hexane to give £rαns-(4-cyano-cyclohexylmethyl)-carbamic acid tert-butyl ester (Compound 1-IV, 0.95 kg, 85%) as a white crystal. Rf = 0.78 (EtOAc). LC-MS m/e 261, M+Na+. 1H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3) δ 4.58 (brs, IH), 2.96 (t, J = 6.3 Hz, 2H), 2.36 (td, J= 12, 3.3 Hz, IH), 2.12 (dd, J= 13.3, 3.3 Hz, 2H), 1.83 (dd, J = 13.8, 2.7 Hz, 2H), 1.42 (s, 9H), 1.47-1.63 (m, 3H), 0.88-1.02 (m, 2H). 13C NMR (75 MHz, CDCl3) δ 155.96, 122.41, 79.09, 45.89, 36.92, 29.06, 28.80, 28.25, 28.00. M.p. 100.4~100.6°C.
Compound 1-IV (1.0 kg, 4.196 mol) was dissolved in a mixture of 1 ,4-dioxane (8.0 L) and water (2.0 L). To the reaction mixture were added lithium hydroxide monohydrate (0.314 kg, 4.191), Raney-nickel (0.4 kg, 2.334 mol), and 10% palladium on carbon (0.46 kg, 0.216 mol) as a 50% suspension in water. The reaction mixture was stirred under hydrogen atmosphere at 5O0C for 20 hours. After the catalysts were removed by filtration and the solvents were removed in vacuum, a mixture of water (1.0 L) and CH2Cl2 (0.3 L) was added. After phase separation, the organic phase was washed with water (1.0 L) and concentrated to give £rα/?s-(4-aminomethyl- cyclohexylmethyl)-carbamic acid tert- butyl ester (compound 1-V, 0.97 kg, 95%) as pale yellow thick oil. Rf = 0.20 (MeOH/EtOAc = 9/1). LC-MS m/e 243, M+H+. 1H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3) δ 4.67 (brs, IH), 2.93 (t, J= 6.3 Hz, 2H), 2.48 (d, J= 6.3 Hz, 2H), 1.73-1.78 (m, 4H), 1.40 (s, 9H), 1.35 (brs, 3H), 1.19-1.21 (m, IH), 0.77-0.97 (m, 4H). 13C NMR (75 MHz, CDCl3) δ 155.85, 78.33, 48.27, 46.38, 40.80, 38.19, 29.87, 29.76, 28.07. A solution of compound 1-V (806 g) and Et3N (1010 g, 3 eq) in 1-pentanol
(2.7 L) was treated with compound 1-VI, 540 g, 1 eq) at 900C for 15 hours. TLC showed that the reaction was completed. Ethyl acetate (1.5 L) was added to the reaction mixture at 25°C. The solution was stirred for 1 hour. The Et3NHCl salt was filtered. The filtrate was then concentrated to 1.5 L (1/6 of original volume) by vacuum at 500C. Then, diethyl ether (2.5 L) was added to the concentrated solution to afford the desired product 1-VII (841 g, 68% yield) after filtration at 250C .
A solution of intermediate 1-VII (841 g) was treated with 4 N HCl/dioxane (2.7 L) in MeOH (8.1 L) and stirred at 25°C for 15 hours. TLC showed that the reaction was completed. The mixture was concentrated to 1.5 L (1/7 of original volume) by vacuum at 500C. Then, diethyl ether (5 L) was added to the solution slowly, and HCl salt of 1-VIII (774 g) was formed, filtered, and dried under vacuum (<10 torr). For neutralization, K2CO3 (2.5 kg, 8 eq) was added to the solution of HCl salt of 1-VIII in MeOH (17 L) at 25°C. The mixture was stirred at the same temperature for 3 hours (pH > 12) and filtered (estimated amount of 1-VIII in the filtrate is 504 g). Aldehyde 1-IX (581 g, 1.0 eq based on mole of 1-VII) was added to the filtrate of 1-VIII at 0-100C. The reaction was stirred at 0-100C for 3 hours. TLC showed that the reaction was completed. Then, NaBH4 (81 g, 1.0 eq based on mole of 1-VII) was added at less than 100C and the solution was stirred at 10-150C for Ih. The solution was concentrated to get a residue, which then treated with CH2Cl2 (15 L). The mixture was washed with saturated aq. NH4Cl solution (300 mL) diluted with H2O (1.2 L). The CH2Cl2 layer was concentrated and the residue was purified by chromatography on silica gel (short column, EtOAc as mobile phase for removing other components; MeOH/28% NH4OH = 97/3 as mobile phase for collecting 1-X) afforded crude 1-X (841 g). Then Et3N (167 g, leq) and BoC2O (360 g, leq) were added to the solution of
1-X (841 g) in CH2Cl2 (8.4 L) at 25°C. The mixture was stirred at 25°C for 15 hours. After the reaction was completed as evidenced by TLC, the solution was concentrated and EtOAc (5 L) was added to the resultant residue. The solution was concentrated to 3L (1/2 of the original volume) under low pressure at 500C. Then, n-hexane (3 L) was added to the concentrated solution. The solid product formed at 500C by seeding to afford the desired crude product 1-XI (600 g, 60% yield) after filtration and evaporation. To compound 1-XI (120.0 g) and piperazine (1-XII, 50.0 g, 3 eq) in 1- pentanol (360 niL) was added Et3N (60.0 g, 3.0 eq) at 25°C. The mixture was stirred at 1200C for 8 hours. Ethyl acetate (480 mL) was added to the reaction mixture at 25°C. The solution was stirred for Ih. The Et3NHCl salt was filtered and the solution was concentrated and purified by silica gel (EtOAc/MeOH = 2:8) to afforded 1-XIII (96 g) in a 74% yield.
A solution of intermediate 1-XIII (100 mg) was treated with 4 N HCl/dioxane (2 mL) in CH2Cl2 (1 mL) and stirred at 25°C for 15 hours. The mixture was concentrated to give hydrochloride salt of compound 1 (51 mg). CI-MS (M+ + 1): 459.4
Example 2: Preparation of Compound 2
Compound 2 Intermediate 1-XIII was prepared as described in Example 1.
To a solution of 1-XIII (120 g) in MeOH (2.4 L) were added diethyl vinyl phosphonate (2-1, 45 g, 1.5 eq) at 25°C. The mixture was stirred under 65°C for 24 hours. TLC and HPLC showed that the reaction was completed. The solution was concentrated and purified by silica gel (MeOH/CH2Cl2 = 8/92) to get 87 g of 2-11 (53% yield, purity > 98%, each single impurity <1%) after analyzing the purity of the product by HPLC.
A solution of 20% TFA/CH2C12 (36 mL) was added to a solution of intermediate 2-11 (1.8 g) in CH2Cl2 (5 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred for 15 hours at room temperature and concentrated by removing the solvent to afford trifluoracetic acid salt of compound 2 (1.3 g). CI-MS (M+ + 1): 623.1
Example 3 : Preparation of Compound 3
TMSBr H H
s U
Intermediate 2-11 was prepared as described in Example 2. To a solution of 2-11 (300 g) in CH2Cl2 (1800 mL) was added TMSBr (450 g, 8 eq) at 10-150C for 1 hour. The mixture was stirred at 25°C for 15 hours. The solution was concentrated to remove TMSBr and solvent under vacuum at 400C.
CH2Cl2 was added to the mixture to dissolve the residue. TMSBr and solvent were removed under vacuum again to obtain 36O g crude solid after drying under vacuum (<1 torr) for 3 hours. Then, the crude solid was washed with 7.5 L IPA/MeOH (9/1) to afford compound 3 (280 g) after filtration and drying at 25°C under vacuum (<1 torr) for 3 hours. Crystallization by EtOH gave hydrobromide salt of compound 3 (19Og). CI-MS (M+ + 1): 567.0.
The hydrobromide salt of compound 3 (5.27 g) was dissolved in 20 mL water and treated with concentrated aqueous ammonia (pH=9-10), and the mixture was evaporated in vacuo. The residue in water (30 mL) was applied onto a column (100 mL, 4.5×8 cm) of Dowex 50WX8 (H+ form, 100-200 mesh) and eluted (elution rate, 6 mL/min). Elution was performed with water (2000 mL) and then with 0.2 M aqueous ammonia. The UV-absorbing ammonia eluate was evaporated to dryness to afford ammonia salt of compound 3 (2.41 g). CI-MS (M+ + 1): 567.3.
The ammonia salt of compound 3 (1.5 g) was dissolved in water (8 mL) and alkalified with concentrated aqueous ammonia (pH=l 1), and the mixture solution was applied onto a column (75 mL, 3×14 cm) of Dowex 1X2 (acetate form, 100-200 mesh) and eluted (elution rate, 3 mL/min). Elution was performed with water (900 mL) and then with 0.1 M acetic acid. The UV-absorbing acetic acid eluate was evaporated, and the residue was codistilled with water (5×50 mL) to afford compound 3 (1.44 g). CI-MS (M+ + 1): 567.4. Example 4: Preparation of Compound 4
Compound 4
Intermediate 1-XIII was obtained during the preparation of compound 1. To a solution of diethyl vinyl phosphonate (4-1, 4 g) in CH2Cl2 (120 mL) was added oxalyl chloride (15.5 g, 5 eq) and the mixture was stirred at 300C for 36 hours. The mixture were concentrated under vacuum on a rotatory evaporated to give quantitatively the corresponding phosphochloridate, which was added to a mixture of cyclohexyl amine (4-II, 5.3 g, 2.2 eq), CH2Cl2 (40 mL), and Et3N (6.2 g, 2.5 eq). The mixture was stirred at 35°C for 36 hours, and then was washed with water. The organic layer was dried (MgSO4), filtered, and evaporated to afford 4-III (4.7 g, 85% yield) as brown oil.
Compound 4-III (505 mg) was added to a solution of intermediate 1-XIII (500 mg) in MeOH (4 mL). The solution was stirred at 45°C for 24 hours. The solution was concentrated and the residue was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (EtOAc/ MeOH = 4: 1) to afford intermediate 4-IV (420 mg) in a 63% yield.
A solution of HCl in ether (5 mL) was added to a solution of intermediate 4- IV (420 mg) in CH2Cl2 (1.0 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred for 12 hours at room temperature and concentrated by removing the solvent. The resultant residue was washed with ether to afford hydrochloride salt of compound 4 (214 mg). CI-MS (M+ + 1): 595.1
Preparation of compound 51
TMSBr
Intermediate l-II was prepared as described in Example 1. To a suspension of the intermediate l-II (31.9 g) in toluene (150 mL) were added phosphorazidic acid diphenyl ester (51-1, 32.4 g) and Et3N (11.9 g) at 25°C for 1 hour. The reaction mixture was stirred at 800C for 3 hours and then cooled to 25°C. After benzyl alcohol (51-11, 20 g) was added, the reaction mixture was stirred at 800C for additional 3 hours and then warmed to 1200C overnight. It was then concentrated and dissolved again in EtOAc and H2O. The organic layer was collected. The aqueous layer was extracted with EtOAc. The combined organic layers were washed with 2.5 N HCl, saturated aqueous NaHCO3 and brine, dried over anhydrous MgSO4, filtered, and concentrated. The residue thus obtained was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (EtOAc/Hexane = 1 :2) to give Intermediate 51-111 (35 g) in a 79% yield. A solution of intermediate 51-111 (35 g) treated with 4 N HCl/dioxane (210 rnL) in MeOH (350 mL) was stirred at room temperature overnight. After ether (700 mL) was added, the solution was filtered. The solid was dried under vacuum. K2CO3 was added to a suspension of this solid in CH3CN and ώo-propanol at room temperature for 10 minutes. After water was added, the reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 hours, filtered, dried over anhydrous MgSO4, and concentrated. The resultant residue was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (using CH2Cl2 and MeOH as an eluant) to give intermediate 51-IV (19 g) in a 76% yield. Intermediate 1-IX (21 g) was added to a solution of intermediate 51-IV (19 g) in CH2Cl2 (570 mL). The mixture was stirred at 25°C for 2 hours. NaBH(OAc)3 (23 g) was then added at 25°C overnight. After the solution was concentrated, a saturated aqueous NaHCO3solution was added to the resultant residue. The mixture was then extracted with CH2Cl2. The solution was concentrated and the residue was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (using EtOAc and MeOH as an eluant) to afford intermediate 51-V (23.9 g) in a 66% yield.
A solution of intermediate 51-V (23.9 g) and BoC2O (11.4 g) in CH2Cl2 (200 mL) was added to Et3N (5.8 mL) at 25°C for overnight. The solution was then concentrated and the resultant residue was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (using EtOAc and Hexane as an eluant) to give intermediate 51-VI (22 g) in a 77% yield.
10% Pd/C (2.2 g) was added to a suspension of intermediate 51-VI (22 g) in MeOH (44 mL). The mixture was stirred at ambient temperature under hydrogen atmosphere overnight, filtered, and concentrated. The residue thus obtained was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (using EtOAc and MeOH as an eluant) to afford intermediate 51-VII (16.5 g) in a 97% yield.
Intermediate 51-VII (16.5 g) and Et3N (4.4 mL) in 1-pentanol (75 mL) was allowed to react with 2,4-dichloro-6-aminopyrimidine (1-VI, 21 g) at 1200C overnight. The solvent was then removed and the residue was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (using EtOAc and hexane as an eluant) to afford intermediate 51-VIII (16.2 g) in a 77% yield.
A solution of intermediate 51-VIII (16.2 g) and piperazine (1-XII, 11.7 g) in 1-pentanol (32 mL) was added to Et3N (3.3 mL) at 1200C overnight. After the solution was concentrated, the residue was treated with water and extracted with CH2Cl2. The organic layer was collected and concentrated. The residue thus obtained was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (using EtOAc/ MeOH to 28% NH40H/Me0H as an eluant) to afford Intermediate 51-IX (13.2 g) in a 75% yield. Diethyl vinyl phosphonate (2-1) was treated with 51-IX as described in
Example 3 to afford hydrobromide salt of compound 51. CI-MS (M+ + 1): 553.3
………………………………….
Preparation of Compound 1
Water (10.0 L) and (Boc)2O (3.33 kgg, 15.3 mol) were added to a solution of trans-4-aminomethyl-cyclohexanecarboxylic acid (compound 1-I, 2.0 kg, 12.7 mol) and sodium bicarbonate (2.67 kg, 31.8 mol). The reaction mixture was stirred at ambient temperature for 18 hours. The aqueous layer was acidified with concentrated hydrochloric acid (2.95 L, pH=2) and then filtered. The resultant solid was collected, washed three times with water (15 L), and dried in a hot box (60° C.) to give trans-4-(tert-butoxycarbonylamino-methyl)-cyclo-hexanecarboxylic acid (Compound 1-II, 3.17 kg, 97%) as a white solid. Rf=0.58 (EtOAc). LC-MS m/e 280 (M+Na+). 1H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3) δ 4.58 (brs, 1H), 2.98 (t, J=6.3 Hz, 2H), 2.25 (td, J=12, 3.3 Hz, 1H), 2.04 (d, J=11.1 Hz, 2H), 1.83 (d, J=11.1 Hz, 2H), 1.44 (s, 9H), 1.35˜1.50 (m, 3H), 0.89˜1.03 (m, 2H). 13C NMR (75 MHz, CDCl3) δ 181.31, 156.08, 79.12, 46.41, 42.99, 37.57, 29.47, 28.29, 27.96. M.p. 134.8˜135.0° C.
A suspension of compound 1-II (1.0 kg, 3.89 mol) in THF (5 L) was cooled at 10° C. and triethyl amine (1.076 L, 7.78 mol) and ethyl chloroformate (0.441 L, 4.47 mol) were added below 10° C. The reaction mixture was stirred at ambient temperature for 3 hours. The reaction mixture was then cooled at 10° C. again and NH4OH (3.6 L, 23.34 mol) was added below 10° C. The reaction mixture was stirred at ambient temperature for 18 hours and filtered. The solid was collected and washed three times with water (10 L) and dried in a hot box (60° C.) to give trans-4-(tert-butoxycarbonyl-amino-methyl)-cyclohexanecarboxylic acid amide (Compound 1-III, 0.8 kg, 80%) as a white solid. Rf=0.23 (EtOAc). LC-MS m/e 279, M+Na+. 1H NMR (300 MHz, CD3OD) δ 6.63 (brs, 1H), 2.89 (t, J=6.3 Hz, 2H), 2.16 (td, J=12.2, 3.3 Hz, 1H), 1.80˜1.89 (m, 4H), 1.43 (s, 9H), 1.37˜1.51 (m, 3H), 0.90˜1.05 (m, 2H). 13C NMR (75 MHz, CD3OD) δ 182.26, 158.85, 79.97, 47.65, 46.02, 39.28, 31.11, 30.41, 28.93. M.p. 221.6˜222.0° C.
A suspension of compound 1-III (1.2 kg, 4.68 mol) in CH2Cl2 (8 L) was cooled at 10° C. and triethyl amine (1.3 L, 9.36 mol) and trifluoroacetic anhydride (0.717 L, 5.16 mol) were added below 10° C. The reaction mixture was stirred for 3 hours. After water (2.0 L) was added, the organic layer was separated and washed with water (3.0 L) twice. The organic layer was then passed through silica gel and concentrated. The resultant oil was crystallized by methylene chloride. The crystals were washed with hexane to give trans-(4-cyano-cyclohexylmethyl)-carbamic acid tent-butyl ester (Compound 1-IV, 0.95 kg, 85%) as a white crystal. Rf=0.78 (EtOAc). LC-MS m/e 261, M+Na+. 1H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3) δ 4.58 (brs, 1H), 2.96 (t, J=6.3 Hz, 2H), 2.36 (td, J=12, 3.3 Hz, 1H), 2.12 (dd, J=13.3, 3.3 Hz, 2H), 1.83 (dd, J=13.8, 2.7 Hz, 2H), 1.42 (s, 9H), 1.47˜1.63 (m, 3H), 0.88˜1.02 (m, 2H). 13C NMR (75 MHz, CDCl3) δ 155.96, 122.41, 79.09, 45.89, 36.92, 29.06, 28.80, 28.25, 28.00. M.p. 100.4˜100.6° C.
Compound 1-IV (1.0 kg, 4.196 mol) was dissolved in a mixture of 1,4-dioxane (8.0 L) and water (2.0 L). To the reaction mixture were added lithium hydroxide monohydrate (0.314 kg, 4.191), Raney-nickel (0.4 kg, 2.334 mol), and 10% palladium on carbon (0.46 kg, 0.216 mol) as a 50% suspension in water. The reaction mixture was stirred under hydrogen atmosphere at 50° C. for 20 hours. After the catalysts were removed by filtration and the solvents were removed in vacuum, a mixture of water (1.0 L) and CH2Cl2 (0.3 L) was added. After phase separation, the organic phase was washed with water (1.0 L) and concentrated to give trans-(4-aminomethyl-cyclohexylmethyl)-carbamic acid tert-butyl ester (compound 1-V, 0.97 kg, 95%) as pale yellow thick oil. Rf=0.20 (MeOH/EtOAc=9/1). LC-MS m/e 243, M+H+. 1H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3) δ 4.67 (brs, 1H), 2.93 (t, J=6.3 Hz, 2H), 2.48 (d, J=6.3 Hz, 2H), 1.73˜1.78 (m, 4H), 1.40 (s, 9H), 1.35 (brs, 3H), 1.19˜1.21 (m, 1H), 0.77˜0.97 (m, 4H). 13C NMR (75 MHz, CDCl3) δ 155.85, 78.33, 48.27, 46.38, 40.80, 38.19, 29.87, 29.76, 28.07.
A solution of compound 1-V (806 g) and Et3N (1010 g, 3 eq) in 1-pentanol (2.7 L) was treated with compound 1-VI, 540 g, 1 eq) at 90° C. for 15 hours. TLC showed that the reaction was completed.
Ethyl acetate (1.5 L) was added to the reaction mixture at 25° C. The solution was stirred for 1 hour. The Et3NHCl salt was filtered. The filtrate was then concentrated to 1.5 L (1/6 of original volume) by vacuum at 50° C. Then, diethyl ether (2.5 L) was added to the concentrated solution to afford the desired product 1-VII (841 g, 68% yield) after filtration at 25° C.
A solution of intermediate 1-VII (841 g) was treated with 4 N HCl/dioxane (2.7 L) in MeOH (8.1 L) and stirred at 25° C. for 15 hours. TLC showed that the reaction was completed. The mixture was concentrated to 1.5 L (1/7 of original volume) by vacuum at 50° C. Then, diethyl ether (5 L) was added to the solution slowly, and HCl salt of 1-VIII (774 g) was formed, filtered, and dried under vacuum (<10 ton). For neutralization, K2CO3 (2.5 kg, 8 eq) was added to the solution of HCl salt of 1-VIII in MeOH (17 L) at 25° C. The mixture was stirred at the same temperature for 3 hours (pH>12) and filtered (estimated amount of 1-VIII in the filtrate is 504 g).
Aldehyde 1-IX (581 g, 1.0 eq based on mole of 1-VII) was added to the filtrate of 1-VIII at 0-10° C. The reaction was stirred at 0-10° C. for 3 hours. TLC showed that the reaction was completed. Then, NaBH4 (81 g, 1.0 eq based on mole of 1-VII) was added at less than 10° C. and the solution was stirred at 10-15° C. for 1 h. The solution was concentrated to get a residue, which then treated with CH2Cl2 (15 L). The mixture was washed with saturated aq. NH4Cl solution (300 mL) diluted with H2O (1.2 L). The CH2Cl2 layer was concentrated and the residue was purified by chromatography on silica gel (short column, EtOAc as mobile phase for removing other components; MeOH/28% NH4OH=97/3 as mobile phase for collecting 1-X) afforded crude 1-X (841 g).
Then Et3N (167 g, 1 eq) and Boc2O (360 g, 1 eq) were added to the solution of 1-X (841 g) in CH2Cl2 (8.4 L) at 25° C. The mixture was stirred at 25° C. for 15 hours. After the reaction was completed as evidenced by TLC, the solution was concentrated and EtOAc (5 L) was added to the resultant residue. The solution was concentrated to 3 L (1/2 of the original volume) under low pressure at 50° C. Then, n-hexane (3 L) was added to the concentrated solution. The solid product formed at 50° C. by seeding to afford the desired crude product 1-XI (600 g, 60% yield) after filtration and evaporation.
To compound 1-XI (120.0 g) and piperazine (1-XII, 50.0 g, 3 eq) in 1-pentanol (360 mL) was added Et3N (60.0 g, 3.0 eq) at 25° C. The mixture was stirred at 120° C. for 8 hours. Ethyl acetate (480 mL) was added to the reaction mixture at 25° C. The solution was stirred for 1 h. The Et3NHCl salt was filtered and the solution was concentrated and purified by silica gel (EtOAc/MeOH=2:8) to afforded 1-XIII (96 g) in a 74% yield.
To a solution of 1-XIII (120 g) in MeOH (2.4 L) were added diethyl vinyl phosphonate (1-XIV, 45 g, 1.5 eq) at 25° C. The mixture was stirred under 65° C. for 24 hours. TLC and HPLC showed that the reaction was completed. The solution was concentrated and purified by silica gel (MeOH/CH2Cl2=8/92) to get 87 g of 1-XV (53% yield, purity>98%, each single impurity<1%) after analyzing the purity of the product by HPLC.
A solution of 20% TFA/CH2Cl2 (36 mL) was added to a solution of intermediate 1-XV (1.8 g) in CH2Cl2 (5 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred for 15 hours at room temperature and concentrated by removing the solvent to afford trifluoracetic acid salt of compound 1 (1.3 g).
CI-MS (M++1): 623.1.
(2) Preparation of Compound 2
Intermediate 1-XV was prepared as described in Example 1.
To a solution of 1-XV (300 g) in CH2Cl2 (1800 mL) was added TMSBr (450 g, 8 eq) at 10-15° C. for 1 hour. The mixture was stirred at 25° C. for 15 hours. The solution was concentrated to remove TMSBr and solvent under vacuum at 40° C. CH2Cl2 was added to the mixture to dissolve the residue. TMSBr and solvent were removed under vacuum again to obtain 360 g crude solid after drying under vacuum (<1 torr) for 3 hours. Then, the crude solid was washed with 7.5 L IPA/MeOH (9/1) to afford compound 2 (280 g) after filtration and drying at 25° C. under vacuum (<1 ton) for 3 hours. Crystallization by EtOH gave hydrobromide salt of compound 2 (190 g). CI-MS (M++1): 567.0.
The hydrobromide salt of compound 2 (5.27 g) was dissolved in 20 mL water and treated with concentrated aqueous ammonia (pH=9-10), and the mixture was evaporated in vacuo. The residue in water (30 mL) was applied onto a column (100 mL, 4.5×8 cm) of Dowex 50WX8 (H+ form, 100-200 mesh) and eluted (elution rate, 6 mL/min). Elution was performed with water (2000 mL) and then with 0.2 M aqueous ammonia. The UV-absorbing ammonia eluate was evaporated to dryness to afford ammonia salt of compound 2 (2.41 g). CI-MS (M++1): 567.3.
The ammonia salt of compound 2 (1.5 g) was dissolved in water (8 mL) and alkalified with concentrated aqueous ammonia (pH=11), and the mixture solution was applied onto a column (75 mL, 3×14 cm) of Dowex 1×2 (acetate form, 100-200 mesh) and eluted (elution rate, 3 mL/min). Elution was performed with water (900 mL) and then with 0.1 M acetic acid. The UV-absorbing acetic acid eluate was evaporated, and the residue was codistilled with water (5×50 mL) to afford compound 2 (1.44 g). CI-MS (M++1): 567.4.
(3) Preparation of Compound 3
Intermediate 1-XIII was obtained during the preparation of compound 1.
To a solution of diethyl vinyl phosphonate (3-I, 4 g) in CH2Cl2 (120 mL) was added oxalyl chloride (15.5 g, 5 eq) and the mixture was stirred at 30° C. for 36 hours. The mixture were concentrated under vacuum on a rotatory evaporated to give quantitatively the corresponding phosphochloridate, which was added to a mixture of cyclohexyl amine (3-II, 5.3 g, 2.2 eq), CH2Cl2 (40 mL), and Et3N (6.2 g, 2.5 eq). The mixture was stirred at 35° C. for 36 hours, and then was washed with water. The organic layer was dried (MgSO4), filtered, and evaporated to afford 3-III (4.7 g, 85% yield) as brown oil.
Compound 3-III (505 mg) was added to a solution of intermediate 1-XIII (500 mg) in MeOH (4 mL). The solution was stirred at 45° C. for 24 hours. The solution was concentrated and the residue was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (EtOAc/MeOH=4:1) to afford intermediate 3-IV (420 mg) in a 63% yield.
A solution of HCl in ether (5 mL) was added to a solution of intermediate 3-IV (420 mg) in CH2Cl2 (1.0 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred for 12 hours at room temperature and concentrated by removing the solvent. The resultant residue was washed with ether to afford hydrochloride salt of compound 3 (214 mg).
CI-MS (M++1): 595.1.
(4) Preparation of Compound 4
Compound 4 was prepared in the same manner as that described in Example 2 except that sodium 2-bromoethanesulfonate in the presence of Et3N in DMF at 45° C. was used instead of diethyl vinyl phosphonate. Deportations of amino-protecting group by hydrochloride to afford hydrochloride salt of compound 4.
CI-MS (M++1): 567.3
(5) Preparation of Compound 5
Compound 5 was prepared in the same manner as that described in Example 2 except that diethyl-1-bromopropylphosphonate in the presence of K2CO3 in CH3CN was used instead of diethyl vinyl phosphonate.
CI-MS (M++1): 581.4
(6) Preparation of Compound 6
Compound 6 was prepared in the same manner as that described in Example 5 except that 1,4-diaza-spiro[5.5]undecane dihydrochloride was used instead of piperazine.
CI-MS (M++1): 649.5
(7) Preparation of Compound 7
Intermediate 1-II was prepared as described in Example 1.
To a suspension of the intermediate 1-II (31.9 g) in toluene (150 mL) were added phosphorazidic acid diphenyl ester (7-I, 32.4 g) and Et3N (11.9 g) at 25° C. for 1 hour. The reaction mixture was stirred at 80° C. for 3 hours and then cooled to 25° C. After benzyl alcohol (7-II, 20 g) was added, the reaction mixture was stirred at 80° C. for additional 3 hours and then warmed to 120° C. overnight. It was then concentrated and dissolved again in EtOAc and H2O. The organic layer was collected. The aqueous layer was extracted with EtOAc. The combined organic layers were washed with 2.5 N HCl, saturated aqueous NaHCO3 and brine, dried over anhydrous MgSO4, filtered, and concentrated. The residue thus obtained was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (EtOAc/Hexane=1:2) to give Intermediate 7-III (35 g) in a 79% yield.
A solution of intermediate 7-III (35 g) treated with 4 N HCl/dioxane (210 mL) in MeOH (350 mL) was stirred at room temperature overnight. After ether (700 mL) was added, the solution was filtered. The solid was dried under vacuum. K2CO3 was added to a suspension of this solid in CH3CN and iso-propanol at room temperature for 10 minutes. After water was added, the reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 hours, filtered, dried over anhydrous MgSO4, and concentrated. The resultant residue was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (using CH2Cl2 and MeOH as an eluant) to give intermediate 7-IV (19 g) in a 76% yield.
Intermediate 1-IX (21 g) was added to a solution of intermediate 7-IV (19 g) in CH2Cl2 (570 mL). The mixture was stirred at 25° C. for 2 hours. NaBH(OAc)3(23 g) was then added at 25° C. overnight. After the solution was concentrated, a saturated aqueous NaHCO3 solution was added to the resultant residue. The mixture was then extracted with CH2Cl2. The solution was concentrated and the residue was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (using EtOAc and MeOH as an eluant) to afford intermediate 7-V (23.9 g) in a 66% yield.
A solution of intermediate 7-V (23.9 g) and Boc2O (11.4 g) in CH2Cl2 (200 mL) was added to Et3N (5.8 mL) at 25° C. for overnight. The solution was then concentrated and the resultant residue was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (using EtOAc and Hexane as an eluant) to give intermediate 7-VI (22 g) in a 77% yield. 10% Pd/C (2.2 g) was added to a suspension of intermediate 7-VI (22 g) in MeOH (44 mL). The mixture was stirred at ambient temperature under hydrogen atmosphere overnight, filtered, and concentrated. The residue thus obtained was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (using EtOAc and MeOH as an eluant) to afford intermediate 7-VII (16.5 g) in a 97% yield.
Intermediate 7-VII (16.5 g) and Et3N (4.4 mL) in 1-pentanol (75 mL) was allowed to react with 2,4-dichloro-6-aminopyrimidine (1-VI, 21 g) at 120° C. overnight. The solvent was then removed and the residue was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (using EtOAc and hexane as an eluant) to afford intermediate 7-VIII (16.2 g) in a 77% yield.
A solution of intermediate 7-VIII (16.2 g) and piperazine (1-XII, 11.7 g) in 1-pentanol (32 mL) was added to Et3N (3.3 mL) at 120° C. overnight. After the solution was concentrated, the residue was treated with water and extracted with CH2Cl2. The organic layer was collected and concentrated. The residue thus obtained was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (using EtOAc/MeOH to 28% NH4OH/MeOH as an eluant) to afford Intermediate 7-IX (13.2 g) in a 75% yield.
Diethyl vinyl phosphonate (2-I) was treated with 7-IX as described in Example 3 to afford hydrobromide salt of compound 7.
CI-MS (M++1): 553.3
(8) Preparation of Compound 8
Cis-1,4-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid (8-I, 10 g) in THF (100 ml) was added oxalyl chloride (8-II, 15.5 g) at 0° C. and then DMF (few drops). The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 15 hours. The solution was concentrated and the residue was dissolved in THF (100 ml). The mixture solution was added to ammonium hydroxide (80 ml) and stirred for 1 hour. The solution was concentrated and filtration to afford crude product 8-III (7.7 g).
Compound 8-III (7.7 g) in THF (200 ml) was slowly added to LiAlH4 (8.6 g) in THF (200 ml) solution at 0° C. The mixture solution was stirred at 65° C. for 15 hours. NaSO4.10H2O was added at room temperature and stirred for 1 hours. The resultant mixture was filtered to get filtrate and concentrated. The residue was dissolved in CH2Cl2 (100 ml). Et3N (27 g) and (Boc)2O (10 g) were added at room temperature. The solution was stirred for 15 h, and then concentrated to get resultant residue. Ether was added to the resultant residue. Filtration and drying under vacuum afforded solid crude product 8-IV (8.8 g).
A solution of compound 8-IV (1.1 g) and Et3N (1.7 g) in 1-pentanol (10 ml) was reacted with 2,4-dichloro-6-aminopyrimidine (1-VI, 910 mg) at 90° C. for 15 hours. TLC showed that the reaction was completed. Ethyl acetate (10 mL) was added to the reaction mixture at 25° C. The solution was stirred for 1 hour. The Et3NHCl salt was removed. The filtrate was concentrated and purified by silica gel (EtOAc/Hex=1:2) to afford the desired product 8-V (1.1 g, 65% yield).
A solution of intermediate 8-V (1.1 g) was treated with 4 N HCl/dioxane (10 ml) in MeOH (10 ml) and stirred at 25° C. for 15 hours. TLC showed that the reaction was completed. The mixture was concentrated, filtered, and dried under vacuum (<10 ton). For neutralization, K2CO3 (3.2 g) was added to the solution of HCl salt in MeOH (20 ml) at 25° C. The mixture was stirred at the same temperature for 3 hours (pH>12) and filtered. Aldehyde 1-IX (759 mg) was added to the filtrate at 0-10° C. The reaction was stirred at 0-10° C. for 3 hours. TLC showed that the reaction was completed. Then, NaBH4 (112 mg) was added at less than 10° C. and the solution was stirred at 10-15° C. for 1 hour. The solution was concentrated to get a residue, which was then treated with CH2Cl2 (10 mL). The mixture was washed with saturated NH4Cl (aq) solution. The CH2Cl2 layer was concentrated and the residue was purified by chromatography on silica gel (MeOH/28% NH4OH=97/3) to afford intermediate 8-VI (1.0 g, 66% yield).
Et3N (600 mg) and Boc2O (428 mg) were added to the solution of 8-VI (1.0 g) in CH2Cl2 (10 ml) at 25° C. The mixture was stirred at 25° C. for 15 hours. TLC showed that the reaction was completed. The solution was concentrated and purified by chromatography on silica gel (EtOAc/Hex=1:1) to afford intermediate 8-VII (720 mg, 60% yield).
To a solution compound 8-VII (720 mg) and piperazine (1-XII, 1.22 g) in 1-pentanol (10 mL) was added Et3N (1.43 g) at 25° C. The mixture was stirred at 120° C. for 24 hours. TLC showed that the reaction was completed. Ethyl acetate (20 mL) was added at 25° C. The solution was stirred for 1 hour. The Et3NHCl salt was removed and the solution was concentrated and purified by silica gel (EtOAc/MeOH=2:8) to afford 8-VIII (537 mg) in 69% yield.
To a solution of 8-VIII (537 mg) in MeOH (11 ml) was added diethyl vinyl phosphonate (2-I, 201 mg) at 25° C. The mixture was stirred under 65° C. for 24 hours. TLC and HPLC showed that the reaction was completed. The solution was concentrated and purified by silica gel (MeOH/CH2Cl2=1:9) to get 8-IX (380 mg) in a 57% yield.
To a solution of 8-IX (210 mg) in CH2Cl2 (5 ml) was added TMSBr (312 mg) at 10-15° C. for 1 hour. The mixture was stirred at 25° C. for 15 hours. The solution was concentrated to remove TMSBr and solvent under vacuum at 40° C., then, CH2Cl2 was added to dissolve the residue. Then TMSBr and solvent were further removed under vacuum and CH2Cl2 was added for four times repeatedly. The solution was concentrated to get hydrobromide salt of compound 8 (190 mg).
CI-MS (M++1): 566.9
To do a job well is one thing, but to consistently deliver a product that is nearly flawless is quite a different challenge. For its new molecule burixafor, the Taiwanese drug discovery firm TaiGen Biotechnology instructed its contract manufacturing partners to achieve 99.8% purity in the production of the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API).
Discovered in TaiGen’s labs in 2006, burixafor is in Phase II clinical trials in both the U.S. and China for use in stem cell transplants and cancer chemotherapy. Avecia, a unit of Japan’s Nitto Denko, manufactures the drug substance in the U.S., where burixafor was tested for the first time on human patients. When TaiGen later initiated clinical trials in China, it chose the Taiwanese firm ScinoPharm to produce the drug at its plant in Changshu, near Shanghai. Under Chinese law, only drugs made domestically can be tested in China.
NITTO DENKO Avecia Inc.
It is rare for a drug discovery firm to select two companies to scale up the production of a new molecule. TaiGen went one step further by paying both contract manufacturers to reach an extremely high level of purity.
“We are trying to avoid any unwanted side effects during the trials,” says C. Richard King, TaiGen’s senior vice president of research. Drug regulators in the U.S. and China “need very tight specifications these days for new drugs,” he adds.
TaiGen registered burixafor with the U.S. Food & Drug Administration in 2007. When it contracted Girindus America (bought by Avecia in 2013) to manufacture it that year, TaiGen specified purification by column chromatography, a cumbersome and relatively expensive procedure when carried out on a large scale. “Our process development efforts were racing against the clinical trials launch schedule,” King recalls. Column chromatography, he points out, is a “tedious approach, but it works.”
By the time ScinoPharm was hired last year, TaiGen’s process development team had come up with a simpler and more elegant process. But its purity demands hadn’t changed.
“Usually, clients are satisfied with a purity level of 98% to 99%,” says Koksuan Tang, head of operations at ScinoPharm’s Changshu plant. “To go from 99% to 99.8% is very different.” The manufacturing of burixafor, he adds, involves five chemical steps and two purification steps. Upstream of the API, ScinoPharm also produces burixafor’s starting material.
Purity level aside, burixafor is not a particularly difficult compound to make, Tang says. Nonetheless, the process supplied by TaiGen had to be adjusted for larger-scale production. “If you heat up 10 g in the lab, it takes two minutes, but in a plant, it could take as long as two hours,” he says.
Although, while hydrogen chloride gas can be controlled effectively when making minute quantities of a compound in the lab, it’s another challenge to handle large volumes of the toxic substance at the plant level. To safely execute one reaction step, ScinoPharm dissolved HCl in a special solvent that does not affect the purity profile of burixafor.
TaiGen selected ScinoPharm as its China contractor after a careful process that involved two visits to Changshu by TaiGen’s senior managers, Tang recalls. ScinoPharm’s track record of meeting regulatory requirements in different countries, including China, was a plus, Tang believes. Its ability to produce both for clinical trials and in larger quantities after commercial launch was also decisive.
Operational since 2012, ScinoPharm’s Changshu site can deliver products under Good Manufacturing Practices in quantities ranging from grams to kilograms. It employs 220 people.
“Moving from the single-kilogram quantities we make now to hundreds of kilograms will require some adjustment to the process, but we believe we can deliver,” says Tang’s colleague Sing Ping Lee, senior director of product technical support in Changshu. One thing to keep in mind, he notes, is that Chinese regulatory standards for drug production are actually more restrictive than those in the U.S. or Europe, going so far as specifying what equipment manufacturers need to use.
Other than complying with Chinese regulators, one reason TaiGen needed to carefully select its China contractor is that the two companies could well be long-term partners, since TaiGen believes it has the ability to market the drug on its own in China, Taiwan, and Southeast Asia. In the event of approvals elsewhere, TaiGen plans to license the compound to a large drug company, which may or may not stick with ScinoPharm or Avecia.
Relatively unknown outside Taiwan, TaiGen was formed in 2001 by Ming-Chu Hsu, the founder of the Division of Biotechnology & Pharmaceutical Research at Taiwan’s National Health Research Institutes. The holder of a Ph.D. in biochemistry from the University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, she headed oncology and virology research at Roche for more than 10 years before returning to Taiwan in 1998.
Ming-Chu Hsu, Chairman & CEO, TaiGen Biotechnology, Taiwan
TaiGen employs about 80 people, three-quarters of whom are in R&D. The company develops its own drugs in-house and also in-licenses molecules that are in early stages of development. The company licenses out the molecules for the European Union and U.S. markets but seeks to retain Asian marketing rights. Burixafor was discovered in TaiGen’s own labs in Taipei. To come up with it, researchers used a high-throughput screening approach that involved 130,000 compounds, including the design and synthesis of 1,500 new compounds. “It went back and forth between chemistry and biology many times,” recalls King, TaiGen’s research head.
A so-called CXCR4 chemokine receptor antagonist, burixafor mobilizes hematopoietic stem cells and endothelial progenitor cells in human bone marrow and channels them into the peripheral blood within three hours of ingestion, according to results of Phase I and Phase II trials.
In the U.S., burixafor is undergoing clinical trials for use during stem cell transplantation in patients with multiple myeloma, non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, or Hodgkin’s disease. In China, TaiGen is testing it as a chemotherapy sensitizer in relapsed or refractory adult acute myeloid leukemia.
Owing to its activity on CXCR4 chemokine receptors, the drug could also fight age-related macular degeneration and diabetic retinopathy diseases, as well as find use in tissue repair, King says. For clinical trials in the U.S., TaiGen has partnered with Michael W. Schuster, a medical doctor who conducts research at Stony Brook University Hospital in New York.
Dr. Michael Schuster is Gift of Life’s Medical Director, as well as the Director of the Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Program and Hematologic Malignancy Program of Stony Brook University Hospital in New York
Typical structure of a chemokine receptor
TaiGen sees particular potential for burixafor in stem cell applications. For example, patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation often must take a granulocyte colony-stimulating factor plus a Sanofi drug called Mozobil to stimulate stem cell production. TaiGen says burixafor could accomplish this goal on its own in multiple myeloma patients. It cites one consulting firm forecast that puts eventual sales at more than $1 billion per year.
Sanofi drug called Mozobil to stimulate stem cell production
With that kind of potential, the company is counting on significant interest among licensors, any one of which might want to engage its own contract producer of burixafor. If that happens, a third manufacturer will have to learn to reach 99.8% purity.
TaiGen Biotechnology Co., Ltd.
7F,138 Shin Ming Rd. Neihu Dist., Taipei, Taiwan 114 R.O.C
Tel: 886-2-81777072 | 886-2-27901861
Fax: 886-2-27963606
Taipei Railway Station front
Taipei Songshan Airport
Scinopharm
ScinoPharm (Changshu) Pharmaceuticals, Ltd.
ScinoPharm is currently expanding its manufacturing and process development capabilities by adding significant production and technical capacity in Mainland China at its new Changshu site.
ScinoPharm Changshu is located in the Changshu Economic Development Zone (CEDZ), near Suzhou City, Jingsu Province, China on a 6.6-hectare site.
The facilities will include a R&D centre and production plants fully compliant with U.S. and international GMP standards. The Changshu plant, slated to be fully completed by 2012, will be used for the production of GMP grade pharmaceutical intermediates initially, and later be equipped to handle API production. China’s market for better quality APIs has grown considerably, and local formulation companies are encouraged to utilize APIs from companies having DMFs filed in advanced countries. ScinoPharm had closed its site in Kunshan and relocated the production and R&D groups to Changshu in the 4th quarter of 2011. These groups will continue to be expanded to meet growing demand for ScinoPharm products by both multinational and local formulation companies.
The small and medium-sized production units had been operational in the 4th quarter of 2011. The large production Bays plus a peptide purification unit, a high potency unit and a physical property processing facility will be operational by the end of 2012. Using advanced engineering designs, this site will also have the capability to process high potency, injectable grade products.
ScinoPharm Changshu will adopt the same quality systems as ScinoPharm Taiwan, and will therefore comply with ICH guidelines and FDA 21 CFR Parts 210 & 211.
TAIPEI
Old street in Taipei. 2013
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Coordinates:  25°02′N 121°38′E |
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DR ANTHONY MELVIN CRASTO
ORGANIC SPECTROSCOPY
New Drug Approvals 
