TOXINS-Occurrence of ochratoxin A in herbal drugs of Indian origin – a report.

Occurrence of ochratoxin A in Korean red paprika

Mycotoxin Res. 2010 Nov;26(4):279-86. doi: 10.1007/s12550-010-0067-2. Epub 2010 Aug 26.

National Agricultural Products Quality Management Service, Seoul, 150-804, Korea, ahnjs@naqs.go.kr.

A large amount-260,000 tons-of red paprika is consumed annually in Korea, where the people prefer hot and pungent to sweet foods.

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Mycotoxin Res. 1993 Sep;9(2):94-8. doi: 10.1007/BF03192240.

Occurrence of ochratoxin A in herbal drugs of Indian origin – a report.

Abstract

This paper contains a report of occurrence of ochratoxin A in some common herbal medicines collected from different store-houses and shop-keepers of Bihar, India. Of 129 samples of 9 plants, 55 were found to be contaminated with various levels of ochratoxin A. The level of ochratoxin A was found maximal in barks ofHolarrhena antidysenterica (1.14 – 2.34 μg/g) whereas it was minimal in rhizomes ofTacca aspera (0.3 – 0.74 μg/g).Aspergillus ochraceus, A sulphureus and Penicillium viridicatum isolates obtained from drug samples were also examined for their toxigenic potentials. 19 isolates ofA ochraceus, 13 ofA sulphureus and 37 isolates ofP viridicatum were found to be toxigenic out of 67, 33, and 107 isolates, respectively. The ochratoxin A produced by Aochraceus was in the range of 0.09 to 2.44 μg/mL, byA sulphureus 0.1 to 1.76 μg/mL, and byP viridicatum 0.14 to 2.78 μg/mL of the culture filtrate.

Ochratoxin A, a toxin produced by Aspergillus ochraceus, Aspergillus carbonarius and Penicillium verrucosum, is one of the most abundant food-contaminating mycotoxins.It is also a frequent contaminant of water-damaged houses and of heating ducts.Human exposure can occur through consumption of contaminated food products, particularly contaminated grain and pork products, as well as coffee, wine grapes and dried grapes.^[4]^[5]^[6] The toxin has been found in the tissues and organs of animals, including human blood and breast milk. Ochratoxin A, like most toxic substances, has large species- and sex-specific toxicological differences.

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